Quote Investigator® – Tracing Quotations

Quote Origin: Revenge Is a Dish Best Eaten Cold

Eugène Sue? Klemens von Metternich? Charles de Talleyrand? Otto von Bismarck? Susannah Frances Reynolds? Roman Proverb? Klingon Proverb? Anonymous?

**Picture of pumpkin soup served chilled from Pixabay**

Question for Quote Investigator: Individuals who seek revenge often find that careful planning and the elapse of time are required to obtain justice. The following proverb is popular with those who pursue vengeance. Here are four versions:

(1) Revenge is a dish best eaten cold
(2) Revenge is a dish best served cold
(3) Vengeance is best eaten cold
(4) Vengeance should be eaten cold

Would you please explore the provenance of this expression?

Reply from Quote Investigator: The earliest match known to QI appeared in the 1841 French novel “Mathilde: Mémoires D’une Jeune Femme” (“Matilda: Memoirs of a Young Woman”) by Eugène Sue. Boldface added to excerpts by QI:¹

Si j’avais eu le courage de me battre avec Lancry, il me semble que je l’aurais tué, tant je le haïssais; mais je vous l’ai dit . . . je suis nerveux, j’ai attendu . . . Et puis la vengeance se mange très-bien froide, comme on dit vulgairement . . .

Here is one possible translation into English:

If I had had the courage to fight Lancry, it seems to me that I would have killed him, so much did I hate him; but I told you . . . I am nervous, I waited . . . And revenge is best eaten cold, as they say vulgarly . . .

The speaking character did not take credit for the saying; instead, he indicated that it was already in circulation. Thus, Eugène Sue helped to popularize the expression, but the creator remains anonymous.

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.

Quote Origin: Nine-Tenths of Painting Will Be Extinguished by the Competition of Photographs

George Bernard Shaw? Henrietta Clopath? Sidney Trefusis? Charles Baudelaire? Apocryphal? Anonymous?

**Silhouette of a person holding a camera from Unsplash**

Question for Quote Investigator: Generative artificial intelligence (AI) systems are now capable of rapidly constructing images, videos, 3d-objects, and text. The current output displays flaws, but the quality and variety continues to improve.

Artists are experiencing a volatile mixture of wonder, anticipation, uncertainty, fear, resentment, and disgust. An analogous technological upheaval occurred as photography matured. Here are two statements of prediction about the disruption that occurred during the 19^th and early 20^th century:

(1) Nine-tenths of painting will be extinguished by the competition of photographs.

(2) Color photography will eventually supersede the art of painting.

The first statement has been linked to the playwright George Bernard Shaw, and the second statement has been linked to the painter Henrietta Clopath. However, I have not seen any solid citations. Would you please explore this topic?

Reply from Quote Investigator: In 1887 George Bernard Shaw published “An Unsocial Socialist” which featured an eccentric protagonist named Sidney Trefusis who was enamored with photography. Trefusis was asked to predict the future of the arts. Boldface added to excerpts by QI:¹

“Photography perfected in its recently discovered power of reproducing colour as well as form! Historical pictures replaced by photographs of tableaux vivants formed and arranged by trained actors and artists, and used chiefly for the instruction of children. Nine-tenths of painting as we understand it at present extinguished by the competition of these photographs; and the remaining tenth only holding its own against them by dint of extraordinary excellence!”

Shaw’s character Trefusis condemned painters and etchers who derided photography:²

“The artists are sticking to the old barbarous, difficult, and imperfect processes of etching and portrait painting merely to keep up the value of their monopoly of the required skill. They have left the new, more complexly organized, and more perfect, yet simple and beautiful method of photography in the hands of tradesmen, sneering at it publicly, and resorting to its aid surreptitiously.”

Of course, Shaw’s personal views may have differed from those of the protagonist in his novel. Today, the number of digital color photographs vastly exceeds the number of paintings and etchings although most photographs are not snapped to display high aesthetic values.

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.

Quote Origin: Edison Has Invented Too Many Things

New York Times? Anonymous? Apocryphal?

**Portrait of Thomas Edison and his early phonograph**

Question for Quote Investigator: After Thomas Edison invented the phonograph many praised the device. However, a major newspaper apparently reacted with the following odd remark:

Mr. Edison has invented too many things.

This statement has been attributed to “The New York Times”. Is this quotation accurate? Did it ever appear in the pages of the Gray Lady?

Reply from Quote Investigator: In March 1878 “The New York Times” published a comically exaggerated opinion piece that began with the following preposterous remarks. Boldface added to excepts by QI:¹

Something ought to be done to Mr. Edison, and there is a growing conviction that it had better be done with a hemp rope. Mr. Edison has invented too many things, and almost without exception they are things of the most deleterious character.

He has been addicted to electricity for many years, and it is not very long ago that he became notorious for having discovered a new force, though he has since kept it carefully concealed, either upon his person or elsewhere. Recently he invented the phonograph, a machine that catches the lightest whisper of conversation and stores it up, so that at any future time it can be brought out, to the confusion of the original speaker.

This machine will eventually destroy all confidence between man and man, and render more dangerous than ever woman’s want of confidence in woman.

The author of the piece was not listed. The article mentioned the dangers of voicing a harsh opinion that might be recorded:

Who will be willing, even in the bosom of his family, to express any but most innocuous and colorless views ? and what woman when calling on a female friend , and waiting for the latter to make her appearance in the drawing-room, will dare to express her opinion of the wretched taste displayed in the furniture, or the hideous appearance of the family photographs?

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.

Quote Origin: The Tree Remembers What the Axe Forgets

Shona Proverb? G. Fortune? Maya Angelou? Wolfgang Mieder? Anonymous?

**Picture of an axe buried in a tree truck from Unsplash**

Question for Quote Investigator: A faultfinder may deliver a harsh criticism and quickly forget it. Yet, the recipient of the barb may create a painful memory. Similarly, a person who causes an injury may forget the incident, but the person who is hurt will likely remember it. Here are three versions of a pertinent saying:

(1) The axe forgets what the tree remembers.
(2) The ax forgets, but the cut log does not.
(3) What the axe forgets the stump does not forget.

Would you please explore the provenance of this proverb?

Reply from Quote Investigator: In 1955 G. Fortune of the University of Cape Town in South Africa published “An Analytical Grammar of Shona” which contained the following English translation of a phrase:¹

What has forgotten is the axe – the stump does not forget

In 1968 G. Fortune published a book chapter titled “Predication of ‘Being’ in Shona” which included the proverb. Fortune stated that the version he presented was based on the Zezuru dialect cluster of Shona:²

Chakángánwá idemo, chigutsá hachíkángánwé

(What has forgotten / is the axe /, the stump (which was once a tree) / does not forget; viz. A person who is injured does not forget though the one who injured him may forget) cp. démó (axe)

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.

Quote Origin: You Will Find the Key To Success Under Your Alarm Clock

Benjamin Franklin? Apocryphal? Anonymous?

**Picture of an alarm clock from Unsplash**

Question for Quote Investigator: Achieving success in life requires simple skills such as showing up for work on time. The following saying is pertinent:

You will find the key to success under the alarm clock.

This statement has been attributed to U.S. statesman Benjamin Franklin. However, I am skeptical because I have never seen a solid citation. Also, Franklin died in 1790, and mass produced alarm clocks only became popular in the 1800s. Would you please explore the provenance of this saying?

Reply from Quote Investigator: QI has found no substantive evidence that Benjamin Franklin used this expression. The earliest match found by QI appeared as a filler item in “The Nebraska Ironmonger” of Lincoln, Nebraska in 1922. Boldface added to excerpts by QI:¹

Note to Discouraged: You will find the key to success under your alarm clock.

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.

Quote Origin: There Is No Point in Using Exact Methods Where There Is No Clarity in the Concepts and Issues To Which They Are To Be Applied

John von Neumann? Oskar Morgenstern? W. Edwards Deming? Michael A. Jackson? Apocryphal?

Question for Quote Investigator: The brilliant polymath John von Neumann performed pioneering research in game theory, computer science, quantum physics, and other areas. His work was so original that he required the formulation of important new definitions. The following two similar remarks have been credited to him:

(1) There is no point in using exact methods where there is no clarity in the concepts and issues to which they are to be applied.

(2) There is no sense in being precise when you don’t know what you are talking about.

I am having difficulty finding supporting citations. Did John von Neumann actually say or write either of these statements?

Reply from Quote Investigator: In 1944 John von Neumann and Oskar Morgenstern published the trailblazing book “Theory of Games and Economic Behavior” which contained the following passage. Boldface added to excerpts by QI:¹

To begin with, the economic problems were not formulated clearly and are often stated in such vague terms as to make mathematical treatment a priori appear hopeless because it is quite uncertain what the problems really are. There is no point in using exact methods where there is no clarity in the concepts and issues to which they are to be applied. Consequently the initial task is to clarify the knowledge of the matter by further careful descriptive work.

Thus, von Neumann and Morgenstern should receive credit for the first statement given above. However, QI conjectures that the second statement is an informal paraphrase of the second statement, and it should be credited to neither von Neumann nor Morgenstern.

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.

Quote Origin: The Trees Voted for the Axe Because the Axe Handle Was Made of Wood

Talmudic Proverb? Turkish Proverb? Kimberly Joyce Pollock? Wafula Chebukati? Anonymous?

Question for Quote Investigator: A popular allegory suggests that people are unable to distinguish between allies and adversaries:

The forest was shrinking, but the trees kept voting for the axe. The axe was clever and convinced the trees that since his handle was made of wood, he was one of them.

Would you please explore the provenance of this tale.

Reply from Quote Investigator: This metaphorical framework has a long history. A pertinent saying appeared in the Babylonian Talmud which was compiled over several centuries and probably completed by the 6th century. The text in boldface below is an English translation of rabbinical commentary from the Talmud. The phrase “people say” specified an anonymous attribution. The non-boldface text provides a modern supplementary explanation:¹

And this is as people say: From and within the forest comes the ax to it, as the handle for the ax that chops the tree is from the forest itself.

In 1678 the Reverend J. Ray published “A Collection of English Proverbs” in Cambridge, England. The germane saying occurred in a section titled “Adagia Hebraica”, and it was probably derived from the Babylonian Talmud. Boldface below was added to excerpts by QI:²

The axe goes to the wood, from whence it borrowed its helve:

The “helve” is the handle. This saying describes individuals who injure their own people or who injure those who have given them power.

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.

Quote Origin: To Stand Up For the Truth Is Nothing! For Truth You Have To Sit In Jail!

Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn? Anatoly Ilyich Fastenko? Alexander Pushkin? Apocryphal?

**Picture of barbed wire together with a daisy from Unsplash**

Question for Quote Investigator: A political activist once indicated that standing up for the truth was nothing, whereas sitting in jail for the truth reflected genuine commitment. I do not recall the precise phrasing.

This notion has been attributed to Soviet dissident Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn, but I have been unable to find a citation. Would you please help me?

Reply from Quote Investigator: The English edition of “The Gulag Archipelago, 1918-1956: An Experiment in Literary Investigation” by Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn was published in 1974. Solzhenitsyn presented a portrait of the prison system of the Soviet Union. Solzhenitsyn described the viewpoint of his fellow prisoner Anatoly Ilyich Fastenko. Boldface added to excerpts by QI:¹

Fastenko, on the other hand, was the most cheerful person in the cell, even though, in view of his age, he was the only one who could not count on surviving and returning to freedom.

Flinging an arm around my shoulders, he would say:

To stand up for the truth is nothing!
For truth you have to sit in jail!

Or else he taught me to sing this song from Tsarist hard-labor days:

And if we have to perish
In mines and prisons wet,
Our cause will ever find renown
In future generations yet.

And I believe this! May these pages help his faith come true!

Thus, Solzhenitsyn helped to popularize this saying, but it was spoken by Fastenko who had been imprisoned by the Tsar’s police and later by the communists.

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.

Quote Origin: People Will Only Work Fifteen Hours a Week In the Future

John Maynard Keynes? Bertrand Russell? Herman Kahn? Apocryphal?

**Picture of two clock faces from Unsplash**

Question for Quote Investigator: The ongoing developments in artificial intelligence and robotics remind me of a remark attributed to the famous English economist John Maynard Keynes. Apparently, he predicted that technological advancements would allow society to adapt a fifteen-hour work week. Would you please help me to find a citation?

Reply from Quote Investigator: In 1930 John Maynard Keynes published an essay titled “Economic Possibilities for our Grandchildren” in “The Nation and Athenaeum”. He predicted a massive increase in the standard of living during the upcoming century due to progress in science and engineering:¹

I would predict that the standard of life in progressive countries one hundred years hence will be between four and eight times as high as it is to-day.

Keynes believed that society would decrease the length of the average work week in response to these advances. Boldface added to excerpts by QI:²

For many ages to come the old Adam will be so strong in us that everybody will need to do some work if he is to be contented. We shall do more things for ourselves than is usual with the rich to-day, only too glad to have small duties and tasks and routines. But beyond this, we shall endeavour to spread the bread thin on the butter—to make what work there is still to be done to be as widely shared as possible.

Three-hour shifts or a fifteen-hour week may put off the problem for a great while. For three hours a day is quite enough to satisfy the old Adam in most of us!

Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.

Quote Origin: It Takes Twenty Years To Become an Overnight Success

Eddie Cantor? Hedda Hopper? Milton Berle? Johnny Desmond? Army Archerd? Anonymous?

**Picture of the famous Hollywood sign from Unsplash**

Question for Quote Investigator: Years of hard work performed in obscurity are usually required before achieving fame. A humorously contradictory saying reflects this viewpoint. Here are three versions:

(1) It took me five years to become an overnight success.
(2) It took her ten years to become an overnight sensation.
(3) It takes twenty years to make an overnight success

This saying has been attributed to U.S. comedian Eddie Cantor and U.S. newspaper columnist Hedda Hopper. Yet, I have not been able to find a solid citation. Would you please explore the provenance of this remark?

Reply from Quote Investigator: The earliest strong match located by QI appeared in the gossip column of Hedda Hopper in November 1945. Hopper specified an anonymous attribution. Boldface added to excerpts by QI:¹

Who was it said Hollywood is the place where it takes five years to become an overnight success?

Hedda Hopper was a significant popularizer of this comical saying, but the creator remains unknown. Below are additional selected citations in chronological order.