WO2024108355A1

WO2024108355A1 - Communication method and communication apparatus

Info

Publication number: WO2024108355A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/133320
Authority: WO
Inventors: 朱近康; 赵明; 倪锐
Original assignee: 华为技术有限公司; 中国科学技术大学
Priority date: 2022-11-21
Filing date: 2022-11-21
Publication date: 2024-05-30

Abstract

Embodiments of the present application provide a communication method and a communication apparatus, for use in optimizing the MUST technology so as to increase the number of terminal devices accessed at the same time, and reducing the difficulty in demodulation. The method comprises: a first device generates first indication information, and sends the first indication information to M terminal devices. The first indication information is used for indicating a parameter of a constellation diagram. The constellation diagram comprises constellation symbols for modulating and demodulating data of the M terminal devices. The i-th symbol among the constellation symbols carries data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices. The parameter of the constellation diagram comprises a mapping relationship between corresponding N1 symbols of the constellation symbols on a first axis and data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. M, N1, and K1 are all positive integers, N1≥K1, K1≥2, and M>K1.

Description

Communication method and communication device

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of communications, and in particular to a communication method and a communication device.

Background technique

Non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) technology is used to increase the number of terminal devices that can access the network simultaneously in a massive user scenario. One implementation of NOMA technology is to use multi-user superposition transmission (MUST) technology.

At present, MUST technology usually adopts a superposition transmission scheme in the symbol domain, that is, superposition coding (SC) is performed on the signals corresponding to the two terminal devices at the transmitting end, and different transmission powers are allocated, and then the superposition signal is sent to the two terminal devices. Among them, when the terminal device receives the signal from the transmitting end, it can demodulate the signal by serial interference cancellation (SIC) to obtain the data corresponding to the terminal device. However, the superposition transmission scheme in the symbol domain can only be applied to multiple terminal devices with obvious differences between channels, resulting in a small number of terminal devices that can access simultaneously under the same beam, and the demodulation is difficult. Therefore, how to optimize the MUST technology to increase the number of terminal devices that can access simultaneously and reduce the demodulation difficulty is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

Summary of the invention

The communication method and communication device provided in the embodiments of the present application can optimize the MUST technology to increase the number of terminal devices that can access simultaneously and reduce the difficulty of demodulation.

To achieve the above objectives, the embodiments of the present application adopt the following technical solutions:

In a first aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a first device, or by a component of the first device, such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system of the first device, or by a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first device. The following takes the method executed by the first device as an example for description. The method includes:

The first device generates first indication information and sends the first indication information to M terminal devices. The first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the constellation diagram. The constellation diagram includes constellation symbols for modulating and demodulating the data of the M terminal devices. The i-th symbol in the constellation symbol carries the data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices. The parameters of the constellation diagram include the mapping relationship between the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and the data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. M, N1 and K1 are all positive integers, N1≥K1, K1≥2, M＞K1.

Because in the embodiment of the present application, the first device can indicate to each of the M terminal devices through the first indication information: the mapping relationship between the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and the data of the K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, and then when the K1 terminal devices demodulate the modulation symbols sent by the first device and superimposed with the data of the M terminal devices according to the constellation diagram, each of the K1 terminal devices can determine its own data in the constellation symbol, that is, the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis can be allocated to multiple different terminal devices for use, thereby increasing the number of terminal devices connected at the same time. Moreover, when the K1 terminal devices demodulate, they can extract their own data in the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis according to the constellation symbol determined when demodulating the constellation diagram and the above-mentioned mapping relationship, and then do not need to demodulate through the SIC method, thereby reducing the demodulation difficulty. In summary, based on the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the MUST technology can be optimized to increase the number of terminal devices connected at the same time and reduce the demodulation difficulty.

In a second aspect, a communication method is provided, which can be executed by a terminal device, or by a component of the terminal device, such as a processor, a chip, or a chip system of the terminal device, or by a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the terminal device. The following takes the method executed by the terminal device as an example for explanation. The method includes:

The terminal device receives first indication information from the first device, and the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the constellation diagram. The constellation diagram includes constellation symbols for modulating and demodulating the data of the M terminal devices. The i-th symbol in the constellation symbol carries the data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices. The parameters of the constellation diagram include a mapping relationship between the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and the data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. M, N1 and K1 are all positive integers, N1≥K1, K1≥2, M＞K1.

Among them, the technical effect of the second aspect can refer to the above-mentioned first aspect and will not be repeated here.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the constellation diagram includes an I axis and a Q axis, wherein the first axis is the I axis or the Q axis.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the M terminal devices include a first set corresponding to the I axis and a second set corresponding to the Q axis. The first set includes one or more terminal devices in the M terminal devices, and the second set includes one or more terminal devices in the M terminal devices except the first set. That is, the terminal devices in the first set are different from the terminal devices in the second set.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the parameters of the constellation diagram may further include indication information of K _I terminal devices in the first set, and/or indication information of K _Q terminal devices in the second set. It can be understood that, since the M terminal devices are divided into only two sets, when the M terminal devices receive indication information corresponding to one of the sets, the terminal devices that are not indicated may determine that they belong to the other set.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect above, in a possible implementation, the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is determined by the transmission power of the first terminal device among the K1 terminal devices. Among them, the first terminal device may be a terminal device with the worst channel quality among the K1 terminal devices. Exemplarily, the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is greater than or equal to the transmission power corresponding to the first terminal device. In this way, it can be ensured that the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis meets the receiving requirements of the first terminal device.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect above, in a possible implementation, the first axis corresponds to A constellation symbol coordinates. Among the A constellation symbol coordinates, there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings. A is an integer greater than or equal to 3. In other words, the A constellation symbol coordinates are arranged at non-uniform spacings, and thus the constellation points in the constellation diagram may be non-uniformly distributed in the direction of the first axis, which can increase the modulation performance of the superimposed modulation symbols relative to the uniform distribution of the constellation points. It can be understood that the greater the distance or spacing between adjacent constellation points, the better the anti-noise performance, but one of the constellation points will be farther from the origin, and thus more power needs to be allocated to the constellation point. If the constellation points are distributed in a non-uniform manner, on the one hand, the spacing between two constellation points that are not prone to interference can be reduced to save power consumption; on the other hand, the spacing between two constellation points that are prone to interference can be increased to improve the anti-noise performance.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates is determined according to K1 channel information and/or K1 transmit powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices. That is, since the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates is related to the channel and/or transmit power, the A constellation symbol coordinates can be adapted to the channel quality corresponding to different terminal devices, thereby increasing the adaptability to the channel quality corresponding to different terminal devices.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the parameters of the constellation diagram further include indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis. In this way, each of the M terminal devices can generate the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis in the constellation diagram according to the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect above, in a possible implementation method, the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis may include one or more of the following: indication information of non-uniformly spaced arrangement or uniformly spaced arrangement of the A constellation symbol coordinates; indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates; or indication information of the calculation method of the A constellation symbol coordinates.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates may include one or more of the following: indication information of the input parameter d _k corresponding to each terminal device in the K1 terminal devices; indication information of the input parameter d k corresponding to each terminal device in the K1 terminal devices;

or, indication information of A-1 spacings in A constellation symbol coordinates.

The input parameter _dk is determined by the channel information and/or transmission power of the kth terminal device among the M terminal devices.

It may refer to the proportion of the input parameter d _k corresponding to the kth terminal device in the sum of the input parameters d _k corresponding to each terminal device.

Exemplarily, the indication information of the input parameter d _k may be an interval range in which the input parameter d _k is located.

Alternatively, illustratively, the indication information of the input parameter d _k corresponding to each terminal device may be a proportional relationship between the input parameters d _k corresponding to each terminal device.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect above, in a possible implementation manner, the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis includes: K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect above, in a possible implementation, the first indication information is also used to indicate that A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis are determined based on K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices.

Exemplarily, the terminal device directly calculates the input parameter d _k according to K1 channel information and/or K1 transmit powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices, and further obtains A constellation symbol coordinates.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the parameters of the constellation diagram further include a mapping relationship between N2-bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the second axis and data of K2 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. The first axis and the second axis are orthogonal to each other. N2 and K2 are both integers, N2≥K2, K2≥1, and M＞K2.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the second axis corresponds to B constellation symbol coordinates. Wherein, in the case of K2≥2, there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings in the B constellation symbol coordinates. B is an integer greater than or equal to 3. In other words, the B constellation symbol coordinates are arranged at non-uniform spacings, and then the constellation points in the constellation diagram can be non-uniformly distributed in the direction where the second axis is located, which can increase the modulation performance of the superimposed modulation symbol relative to the uniform distribution of the constellation points.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates is determined based on K2 channel information and/or K2 transmit powers corresponding to the K2 terminal devices. Since the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates is related to the channel and/or transmit power, the B constellation symbol coordinates can be adapted to the channel quality corresponding to different terminal devices, thereby increasing adaptability to different channel qualities.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the parameters of the constellation diagram further include indication information of B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis. In this way, each of the M terminal devices can generate the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis in the constellation diagram according to the indication information of the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis in the first indication information.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect above, in a possible implementation method, the indication information of the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis may include one or more of the following: indication information of non-uniformly spaced arrangement or uniformly spaced arrangement of the B constellation symbol coordinates; indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates; or indication information of the calculation method of the B constellation symbol coordinates.

In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in a possible implementation, the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is different from the transmission power of the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the second axis. The second axis is orthogonal to the first axis. N2 is an integer greater than or equal to 1. In other words, the first device may not evenly distribute the transmission power to the first axis and the second axis, that is, the I axis and the Q axis that are orthogonal to each other in the constellation diagram.

In combination with the above first aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method provided by the first aspect further includes:

The first device sends second indication information to the M terminal devices. The second indication information is used to indicate parameters of the updated constellation diagram. The parameters of the updated constellation diagram include: indication information of updated A constellation symbol coordinates, and/or indication information of updated B constellation symbol coordinates.

In combination with the above second aspect, in a possible implementation manner, the method provided by the second aspect further includes:

The terminal device receives second indication information from the first device. The second indication information is used to indicate parameters of an updated constellation diagram. The parameters of the updated constellation diagram include: indication information of updated A constellation symbol coordinates, and/or indication information of updated B constellation symbol coordinates.

Since according to the second indication information, the spacing between corresponding adjacent constellation points on the I-axis and/or Q-axis in the constellation diagram of the modulation and demodulation superimposed modulation symbols can be dynamically changed, and the dynamic change is determined according to the dynamic change of the channel information and/or the transmission power corresponding to the terminal device, the adaptability to the channel quality corresponding to different terminal devices can be further increased.

In a third aspect, a communication device is provided for implementing the above-mentioned various methods. The communication device may be the first device in the above-mentioned first aspect or any implementation thereof, or a device including the above-mentioned first device, or a device included in the above-mentioned first device, such as a chip; or, the communication device may be the terminal device in the above-mentioned second aspect or any implementation thereof, or a device including the above-mentioned terminal device, or a device included in the above-mentioned terminal device, such as a chip. The communication device includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the implementation of the above-mentioned method, and the module, unit, or means may be implemented by hardware, software, or by executing the corresponding software implementation by hardware. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units corresponding to the above-mentioned functions.

In some possible designs, the communication device may include a processing module and a transceiver module. The transceiver module, which may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, is used to implement the sending and/or receiving functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof. The transceiver module may be composed of a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface. The processing module may be used to implement the processing functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementations thereof.

In some possible designs, the transceiver module includes a sending module and a receiving module, which are respectively used to implement the sending and receiving functions in any of the above aspects and any possible implementation methods thereof.

In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store computer instructions, and when the processor executes the instructions, the communication device executes the method described in any one of the above aspects. The communication device can be the first device in the above first aspect or any implementation thereof, or a device including the above first device, or a device included in the above first device, such as a chip; or the communication device can be the terminal device in the above second aspect or any implementation thereof, or a device including the above terminal device, or a device included in the above terminal device, such as a chip.

In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a communication interface; the communication interface is used to communicate with a module outside the communication device; the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction so that the communication device executes the method described in any of the above aspects. The communication device can be the first device in the above first aspect or any implementation thereof, or a device including the above first device, or a device included in the above first device, such as a chip; or the communication device can be the terminal device in the above second aspect or any implementation thereof, or a device including the above terminal device, or a device included in the above terminal device, such as a chip.

In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: at least one processor; the processor is used to execute a computer program or instruction stored in a memory so that the communication device performs the method described in any one of the above aspects. The memory may be coupled to the processor, or may be independent of the processor. The communication device may be the first device in the above first aspect or any implementation thereof, or a device including the above first device, or a device included in the above first device, such as a chip; or the communication device may be the terminal device in the above second aspect or any implementation thereof, or a device including the above terminal device, or a device included in the above terminal device, such as a chip.

In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program or instruction is stored. When the computer-readable storage medium is run on a communication device, the communication device can execute the method described in any one of the above aspects or any one of its implementation methods.

In an eighth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided, which, when executed on a communication device, enables the communication device to execute the method described in any one of the above aspects or any one of its implementations.

In a ninth aspect, a communication device (for example, the communication device may be a chip or a chip system) is provided, wherein the communication device includes a processor for implementing the functions involved in any of the above aspects or any of its implementation methods.

In some possible designs, the communication device includes a memory for storing necessary program instructions and data.

In some possible designs, when the device is a chip system, it can be composed of a chip or include a chip and other discrete devices.

It can be understood that when the communication device provided in any one of the third aspect to the ninth aspect is a chip, the above-mentioned sending action/function can be understood as output, and the above-mentioned receiving action/function can be understood as input.

Among them, the technical effects brought about by any design method in the third to ninth aspects can refer to the technical effects brought about by different design methods in the above-mentioned first or second aspects, and will not be repeated here.

In a tenth aspect, a communication method is provided, which includes the method described in the first aspect or any implementation thereof, and the method described in the second aspect or any implementation thereof.

In an eleventh aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes the first device described in the above aspect and the terminal device described in the above aspect.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a QAM constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric downlink channel model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of superposition coding of a modulation symbol provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal device and a network device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG6 is a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a classic 16-QAM constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a 16-QAM constellation diagram using Gray rule mapping between constellation points and constellation symbols provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG9 is a schematic diagram of another 16-QAM constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between N _I- bit symbols corresponding to the I axis in a 64-QAM constellation diagram and data of K _I terminal devices provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between N _I- bit symbols corresponding to the I axis in another 64-QAM constellation diagram and data of K _I terminal devices provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between N _Q bit symbols corresponding to the Q axis in a 64-QAM constellation diagram and data of K _Q terminal devices provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between N _Q bit symbols corresponding to the Q axis in another 64-QAM constellation diagram and data of K _Q terminal devices provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between constellation symbols and data of six terminal devices in a 64-QAM constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between constellation symbols and data of six terminal devices in another 64-QAM constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a module framework of a modulation method for superimposing modulation symbols provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a module framework of a demodulation method for superimposing modulation symbols provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a first device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed ways

To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, a brief introduction to the related technologies of the present application is first given. The brief introduction is as follows:

First, quadrature modulation

Quadrature modulation can refer to the transmitter (such as a network device) using two carriers with the same frequency and orthogonal to each other (for example, a phase difference of 90°) to modulate the data, thereby obtaining a quadrature modulated signal (or modulation symbol). Among them, quadrature modulation can also be called IQ modulation. I can be used to represent the in-phase component, and Q can be used to represent the quadrature component. In other words, the data after quadrature modulation can include I-path components and Q-path components that are orthogonal to each other, and then the I-path component and the Q-path component can be regarded as two independently detectable dimensions at the receiving end (such as a terminal device).

Exemplarily, the modulation symbol may be represented by a complex value, for example, determined by formula (1).

x＝a+i·b＝a·cosωt+b·sinωt Formula (1)

In formula (1), x may represent a modulation symbol, a may represent the amplitude of the I-path component, b may represent the amplitude of the Q-path component, cosωt may represent the carrier used when modulating the I-path component, sinωt may represent the carrier used when modulating the Q-path component, and ω represents the frequency of the carrier.

It can be understood that modulation may refer to the use of changes in relevant parameters of the carrier (such as amplitude, frequency, or phase, etc.) to transmit information and map the data to be sent to the modulation symbol x. According to the difference in the relevant parameters, quadrature modulation may include: binary phase shift keying (BPSK), π/2-BPSK, quadrature phase shift keying (QPSK), or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM), etc. Exemplarily, BPSK may refer to the use of phase changes of the carrier to transmit information, and the amplitude and frequency of the carrier remain unchanged. QAM may refer to the use of amplitude changes and phase changes of the carrier to transmit information, and the frequency of the carrier remains unchanged.

It should be understood that the data to be sent can be represented by bits, each bit can be represented by "0" or "1", and the data to be sent can be represented as a bit sequence (or bit stream) composed of "0" and "1", such as {010010...}. Among them, the modulation symbol x can carry one or more bits in the data. Exemplarily, in BPSK, one modulation symbol can carry one bit of data (there are two types of "0" and "1"), and there are 2 different modulation symbols. In QPSK, two bits can be grouped into a group (there are four types of "00", "01", "11", and "10"), and then one modulation symbol can carry two bits of data, and there are 4 different modulation symbols. In ^2m -QAM, the modulation order is m, and one modulation symbol can carry m bits of data, that is, there are ^2m different modulation symbols.

For example, in 16-QAM, 2 ^m =16, m=4, and thus one modulation symbol can carry 4 bits of data. In 64-QAM, 2 ^m =64, m=6, and thus one modulation symbol can carry 6 bits of data.

Second, the constellation diagram

The constellation diagram can be used to define the amplitude information and phase information of the modulation symbol x, that is, the modulation symbol can be represented by the constellation point. The constellation diagram includes an I axis (for example, the horizontal axis in the constellation diagram) and a Q axis (for example, the vertical axis in the constellation diagram), and the constellation point can be represented in a vector form (for example, (I1, Q1)).

Exemplarily, FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a QAM constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG1, since each modulation symbol can carry two bits of data, that is, ^2m =4, m=2, the constellation diagram shown in FIG1 may include four constellation points, and each constellation point can carry 2 bits of data. Taking the constellation point in the upper right corner of FIG1 as an example, I1 is the coordinate of the constellation point on the I-axis (that is, the value of the constellation point projected on the I-axis), which is used to represent the amplitude information of the I-path component in the modulation symbol. Q1 is the coordinate of the constellation point on the Q-axis (that is, the value of the constellation point projected on the Q-axis), which is used to represent the amplitude information of the Q-path component in the modulation symbol. The angle between the vector (I1, Q1) and the I-axis is

It can be used to represent the phase information of the carrier corresponding to the modulation symbol. In other words, the constellation point (I1, Q1) can represent the modulation symbol

1/E is the normalization factor corresponding to the modulation symbol, and E is the sum of the energies corresponding to the four modulation symbols in the constellation diagram.

Furthermore, the distance between the constellation point and the origin (0,0) can represent the energy of the modulation symbol corresponding to the constellation point. It can be understood that the larger the distance is, the greater the energy of the modulation symbol corresponding to the constellation point is.

Referring to FIG. 1 , each constellation point may correspond to a constellation symbol, and the constellation symbol may represent data to be sent. The constellation symbol may be an L-bit symbol composed of information that may represent bit “0” or bit “1”. If the symbol “0” is used to represent bit “0” and the symbol “1” represents bit “1”, then L may be equal to the modulation order m, and both m and L are positive integers. Exemplarily, the constellation symbol may be an L-bit symbol composed of “0” or “1”, “0” may represent bit “0”, and “1” may represent bit “1”, and L＝m. Taking _bi∈ {0,1}, i∈{0,1,…,m} as an example, the constellation symbols “ _b1b2 … _b1 … _bm _” are arranged from left to right (or from high to low), and the first symbol _b1 in the constellation symbol may represent bit _b1 , the second symbol _b2 represents the second bit _b2 , and so on, and the i-th symbol _b1 represents the i-th bit _b1 . Thus, the constellation symbol “b ₁ b ₂ … _bi …b _m ” can represent the data “b ₁ b ₂ … _bi …b _m ”.

Alternatively, other single-bit symbols or multi-bit symbols may be used to represent bit "0", and other single-bit symbols or multi-bit symbols may be used to represent bit "1", which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

It can be understood that since the constellation symbol can represent the data to be sent, the mapping relationship between the data to be sent and the modulation symbol can be obtained through the mapping relationship between the constellation point and the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram. Among them, the constellation point (I1, Q1) in the upper right corner of Figure 1 can correspond to the data bit "01" one by one, and then the data bit "01" can be mapped to the symbol through the constellation diagram shown in Figure 1.

The corresponding constellation point.

Furthermore, the distance between two adjacent constellation points can be called the Euclidean metric. The larger the distance, the better the anti-noise performance, that is, it is easier for the receiving end to demodulate the modulation symbols correctly, and the bit error rate (BER) of the transmitted signal is lower.

It can be understood that due to the presence of noise, non-ideal factors of the transmitting device, or non-ideal factors of the receiving device during the transmission process, when the receiving end demodulates the modulation symbol from the transmitting end, when converting the received modulation symbol into the corresponding receiving constellation point in the constellation diagram, it may not be accurately matched with the constellation point corresponding to the modulation symbol in the constellation diagram, but falls near the constellation point corresponding to the modulation symbol. Therefore, the receiving end can judge the constellation point corresponding to the received modulation symbol according to the distance between the receiving constellation point and other constellation points in the constellation diagram. Exemplarily, assuming that the receiving constellation point corresponding to the modulation symbol received by the receiving end falls in the upper right part (i.e., the first quadrant) in Figure 1, and the distance between the receiving constellation point and the constellation point corresponding to the constellation symbol "01" is the shortest, then the receiving end can judge that the received data is "01" according to the constellation diagram shown in Figure 1.

That is to say, at the transmitting end, the constellation diagram can be used for mapping data (i.e., constellation symbols) and modulation symbols (i.e., constellation points) during modulation. At the receiving end, the constellation diagram can be used for determining constellation points during demodulation, thereby correctly obtaining the constellation symbols corresponding to the modulation symbols, and thus obtaining the data sent by the transmitting end according to the constellation symbols.

It should be understood that the mapping rule between the constellation point and the constellation symbol can be selected from the Gray mapping rule or the natural mapping rule, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. Among them, the Gray mapping rule or the natural mapping rule can refer to the prior art and will not be repeated here.

It should also be understood that when the transmitter communicates with the receiver, the constellation diagram used by the transmitter and the constellation diagram used by the receiver may be the same, and the constellation diagram may be agreed upon by a protocol.

Third, NOMA technology

As described in the background technology, since the MUST technical solution in NOMA allows the transmitter to serve multiple terminal devices on the same time-frequency resources, in some scenarios, such as near-far effect scenarios, or scenarios where multiple nodes are accessed simultaneously, the MUST technology using power reuse (such as the superposition transmission scheme of the symbol domain) has obvious performance advantages over the orthogonal multiple access (OMA) technology. Among them, the MUST technology is usually applied to near-far effect scenarios. The near-far effect scenario may include an asymmetric downlink scenario consisting of terminal devices active at the edge of a cell covered by a network device and terminal devices active inside a cell covered by a network device. The terminal device active inside a cell covered by a network device may be referred to as a secondary terminal device (or secondary cell-interior user equipment (UE-S)), and the terminal device active at the edge of a cell covered by a network device may be referred to as a primary terminal device (or primary cell-edge UE (UE-P)). It can be understood that since the distance between UE-S and the network device is significantly greater than the distance between UE-P and the network device, the channel gain between UE-S and the network device is greater than the channel gain between UE-P and the network device. In other words, for the signal sent by the network device, the signal energy received by UE-S is stronger than the signal energy received by UE-P. The following uses the constellation diagram shown in Figure 2 to illustrate the channel model in the asymmetric downlink scenario.

Exemplarily, FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an asymmetric downlink channel model provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG2, the constellation point #1 in the upper right corner of the constellation diagram on the network device side is a transmitted modulation symbol. Among them, the transmitted modulation symbol may include a modulation symbol corresponding to UE-P. The constellation point #2 in the upper right corner of the constellation diagram on the UE-S side is a received modulation symbol, and the constellation point #3 in the upper right corner of the constellation diagram on the UE-P side is a received modulation symbol. To ensure that UE-P can normally demodulate the modulation symbol corresponding to UE-P, the network device can raise the transmission power of the modulation symbol corresponding to UE-P, so that both UE-S and UE-P can demodulate the modulation symbol corresponding to UE-P, and the distance of the received modulation symbol in the constellation diagram on the UE-S side relative to the origin is greater than the distance of the received modulation symbol in the constellation diagram on the UE-P side relative to the origin, that is, the signal energy received by UE-S is stronger than the signal energy received by UE-P. In other words, UE-S can normally demodulate the modulation symbol with weaker power than the modulation symbol corresponding to UE-P in the transmitted modulation symbol relative to UE-P.

In NOMA technology, sub-channel transmission can adopt orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technology. That is to say, multiple sub-channels are orthogonal to each other, but a sub-channel no longer transmits only the data (i.e., modulation symbols) of one terminal device, but the data of multiple terminal devices share one sub-channel, which can improve the spectrum efficiency.

It should be understood that the data of multiple terminal devices sharing a subchannel may mean that: on the transmitting end side, the modulation symbols of different terminal devices on the same subchannel are sent using power multiplexing technology, that is, the transmission power of the modulation symbols of different terminal devices is allocated according to the relevant algorithm, and SC is used to superimpose them for transmission. Correspondingly, the SIC method can be used to receive the signal on the terminal device side, that is, according to the power size of the modulation symbols of different terminal devices, interference elimination is performed in a certain order to achieve correct demodulation, and the purpose of distinguishing the modulation symbols of different terminal devices is also achieved.

It can be understood that, since the interference elimination is performed according to the order of the power of the modulation symbol when the terminal device receives the signal using the SIC method, it is expected that the signal power received by each terminal device is different, so that each terminal device can correctly demodulate the signal. Exemplarily, taking the case where the channel quality corresponding to terminal device #1 is poor and the channel quality corresponding to terminal device #2 is good as an example, the signal sent by the transmitter may include the modulation symbol #1 corresponding to terminal device #1 and the modulation symbol #2 corresponding to terminal device #2, and the transmission power allocated to the modulation symbol #1 is greater than the transmission power allocated to the modulation symbol #2. For terminal device #1, since the channel quality corresponding to terminal device #1 is poor, and thus the signal power received by terminal device #1 is small, terminal device #1 can only demodulate the modulation symbol #1 in the received signal normally, and the modulation symbol #2 can be regarded as noise. For terminal device #2, since the channel quality corresponding to terminal device #2 is good, and thus the signal power received by terminal device #2 is large, terminal device #2 can demodulate the modulation symbol #1 and the modulation symbol #2 normally. Based on this, terminal device #2 can regard modulation symbol #1 as interference. After demodulating modulation symbol #1, the interference caused by modulation symbol #1 can be eliminated in the received signal. The received signal after eliminating the interference can be regarded as modulation symbol #2. In this way, both terminal device #1 and terminal device #2 can achieve correct demodulation.

However, if the signal power received by terminal device #1 is approximately the same as the signal power received by terminal device #2 (for example, the channel quality corresponding to terminal device #1 is approximately the same as the channel quality corresponding to terminal device #2), that is, terminal device #1 and terminal device #2 can both demodulate modulation symbol #1 and modulation symbol #2 normally, then terminal device #1 and terminal device #2 will both regard modulation symbol #1 as interference, and terminal device #1 will not be able to distinguish modulation symbol #1, and will not be able to achieve correct demodulation.

That is to say, the use of the SIC method by the terminal device to receive signals requires that the channel quality between different terminal devices has obvious differences, that is, the channel corresponding to UE-S and the channel corresponding to UE-P as shown in Figure 2. It should be understood that the channel difference is exemplified by the distance in Figure 2, but the distance is only one of the possible factors causing the channel difference. The factors causing the channel difference may also include: the presence of obstructions in the middle of the transmission path, the presence of scatterers around, or the main beam direction of the wireless beamforming, etc., which are not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

SC: It may mean that when the channels corresponding to different terminal devices are greatly different, the power of the modulation symbols sent by the transmitter depends on the terminal device with the worst channel, that is, the modulation symbols corresponding to the terminal device with the worst channel are allocated more power, and the modulation symbols corresponding to the terminal device with a better channel are allocated less power, so that the terminal device with a better channel can not only demodulate the modulation symbols corresponding to the terminal device with the worst channel normally, but also demodulate the modulation symbols corresponding to its own.

Exemplarily, FIG3 is a schematic diagram of superposition coding of a modulation symbol provided in an embodiment of the present application. Among them, (a) in FIG3 is a constellation diagram corresponding to the modulation symbol sent by the network device to UE-S, (b) in FIG3 is a constellation diagram corresponding to the modulation symbol sent by the network device to UE-P, and (c) in FIG3 is a constellation diagram corresponding to the superposition modulation symbol sent by the network device. As shown in FIG3, constellation point #4 is the modulation symbol to be sent corresponding to UE-S, and constellation point #4 can be represented by vector _S1 ; constellation point #5 is the modulation symbol to be sent corresponding to UE-P, and constellation point #5 can be represented by vector _S2 ; constellation point #6 is the constellation point after constellation point #4 and constellation point #5 use SC, and the constellation point #6 can be represented by vector _S3 , _S3 = _S1 + _S2 . In other words, the SC of the modulation symbol may refer to the vector operation of the constellation points corresponding to different terminal devices in the constellation diagram to obtain the superposition modulation symbol corresponding to the constellation point after superposition coding.

The following takes the example of a network device sending superimposed modulation symbols to UE-S and UE-P to illustrate the symbol domain superposition transmission scheme in the MUST technology.

On the network device side,

represents the modulation symbol to be sent corresponding to UE-P,

represents the modulation symbol to be sent corresponding to UE-S, and the network device allocates the transmission power between UE-P and UE-S in proportion α, then the superimposed modulation symbol sent by the network device can be determined by formula (2).

It can be understood that since the network device can use SC to send x _k , UE-P is allowed to send the corresponding x k of UE-S to

Treated as noise, UE-P only needs to demodulate normally

UE-S can successfully demodulate

Then with

The corresponding constellation point is used as the reference, and the received x _k is subtracted

You can get

As mentioned above, the symbol domain superposition transmission scheme has the following problems:

(1) Only two terminal devices with different channels (such as the above-mentioned UE-P and UE-S) can be accessed at the same time. The number of terminal devices supported under the same beam is small, and there must be obvious channel differences between the two terminal devices.

(2) High demodulation complexity. Among them, two terminal devices with different channels (such as the above-mentioned UE-P and UE-S) are subject to different interference and fading. When the positions of their corresponding constellation points change due to channel changes, it is necessary to demodulate the channel estimate corresponding to one of the terminal devices in order to solve the constellation point corresponding to the other terminal device. The demodulation is difficult and accurate demodulation is difficult.

In view of this, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication method that can optimize the MUST technology to increase the number of terminal devices that can access simultaneously and reduce the difficulty of demodulation.

The technical solution in the embodiment of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiment of the present application. In order to facilitate the understanding of the embodiment of the present application, the following points are first explained before introducing the embodiment of the present application.

1. In the embodiments of the present application, "indication" may include direct indication and indirect indication, and may also include explicit indication and implicit indication. The information indicated by a certain information (such as the first indication information below) is called information to be indicated. In the specific implementation process, there are many ways to indicate the information to be indicated, such as but not limited to, the information to be indicated can be directly indicated, such as the information to be indicated itself or the index of the information to be indicated. The information to be indicated can also be indirectly indicated by indicating other information, wherein there is an association between the other information and the information to be indicated. It is also possible to indicate only a part of the information to be indicated, while the other parts of the information to be indicated are known or agreed in advance. For example, the indication of specific information can also be achieved by means of the arrangement order of each piece of information agreed in advance (such as specified by the protocol), thereby reducing the indication overhead to a certain extent. At the same time, the common parts of each piece of information can also be identified and indicated uniformly to reduce the indication overhead caused by indicating the same information separately.

In addition, the specific indication method can also be various existing indication methods, such as but not limited to the above-mentioned indication methods and various combinations thereof. The specific details of the various indication methods can refer to the prior art and will not be repeated herein. As can be seen from the above, for example, when it is necessary to indicate multiple information of the same type, different indication methods may be used for different information. In the specific implementation process, the desired indication method can be selected according to specific needs. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the selected indication method. In this way, the indication method involved in the embodiment of the present application should be understood to cover various methods that can enable the party to be indicated to obtain the information to be indicated.

It should be understood that the information to be indicated can be sent as a whole, or it can be divided into multiple sub-information and sent separately, and the sending period and/or sending time of these sub-information can be the same or different. The specific sending method is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. Among them, the sending period and/or sending time of these sub-information can be pre-defined, for example, pre-defined according to the protocol, or it can be configured by the transmitting device by sending configuration information to the receiving device. Among them, the configuration information can include, for example, but not limited to, radio resource control (RRC) signaling, media access control (MAC) layer signaling, physical layer signaling, or downlink control information (DCI) One or a combination of at least two.

2. "Pre-definition" or "pre-configuration" can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (for example, including a terminal device and a first network device). The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific implementation method. Among them, "saving" can mean saving in one or more memories. The one or more memories can be set separately or integrated in an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The one or more memories can also be partially set separately and partially integrated in a decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The type of memory can be any form of storage medium, which is not limited by the embodiments of the present application.

3. The “protocol” involved in the embodiments of the present application may refer to a standard protocol in the communication field, such as the long term evolution (LTE) protocol, the new radio (NR) protocol, and related protocols used in future communication systems, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

4. In the embodiments of the present application, descriptions such as "when...", "in the case of...", "if" and "if" all mean that under certain objective circumstances, the device (such as a terminal device or a first network device) will make corresponding processing, which does not limit the time, and does not require the device (such as a terminal device or a first network device) to have a judgment action when implementing it, nor does it mean that there are other limitations.

5. In the description of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "/" indicates that the objects associated before and after are in an "or" relationship. For example, A/B can represent A or B; "and/or" in the embodiments of the present application is only a description of the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships. For example, A and/or B can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. In addition, in the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" refers to two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can represent: a, b, c, a-b, a-c, b-c, or a-b-c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple. In addition, in order to facilitate the clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "first", "second" and the like are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art will understand that the words "first", "second" and the like do not limit the quantity and execution order, and the words "first", "second" and the like do not necessarily limit the differences. At the same time, in the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete manner for ease of understanding.

6. In the embodiments of the present application, sometimes a subscript such as _W1 may be mistakenly written as a non-subscript such as W1. When the difference is not emphasized, the meanings to be expressed are consistent.

The technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to various communication systems. For example: orthogonal frequency-division multiple access (OFDMA), single carrier frequency division multiple access (SC-FDMA), wireless optical communication system and other systems. The term "system" can be interchangeable with "network". The OFDMA system can implement wireless technologies such as evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRA) and ultra mobile broadband (UMB). E-UTRA is an evolved version of the universal mobile telecommunications system (UMTS). The 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) uses a new version of E-UTRA in LTE and various versions based on LTE evolution. The 5G communication system is the next generation communication system under study. Among them, the 5G communication system includes a non-standalone (NSA) 5G mobile communication system, an independent (SA) 5G mobile communication system, or an NSA 5G mobile communication system and an SA 5G mobile communication system. In addition, the communication system can also be applied to future-oriented communication technologies, and the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are applicable. The above-mentioned communication system applicable to the present application is only an example, and the communication system applicable to the present application is not limited to this. It is uniformly described here and will not be repeated below.

In addition, the communication architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can know that with the evolution of the communication architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

As shown in Figure 4, it is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application, and the communication system includes a first device and M terminal devices (for example, terminal device #1, terminal device #2, ..., terminal device #M). Among them, the first device is used to send superimposed modulation symbols to the M terminal devices, and the superimposed modulation symbols can carry data of each of the M terminal devices. Exemplarily, the first device can be a network device in an NR system; or, the first device can be a terminal device in a sidelink (SL), and the first device can send superimposed modulation symbols to M terminal devices connected to the first device SL; or, the first device can be an optical communication device in a wireless optical communication system. Exemplarily, the first device can include a light-emitting device, and each of the M terminal devices can include an optical receiving device, and then the first device can send superimposed modulation symbols to the M terminal devices through the light-emitting device, and each of the M terminal devices can receive the superimposed modulation symbols from the first device through the optical receiving device.

In a possible implementation, a first device generates first indication information and sends the first indication information to M terminal devices. The first indication information is used to indicate parameters of a constellation diagram. The constellation diagram includes constellation symbols for modulating and demodulating data of the M terminal devices, and the i-th symbol in the constellation symbol carries data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices. The parameters of the constellation diagram include a mapping relationship between N1-bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. M, N1 and K1 are all positive integers, N1≥K1, K1≥2, M＞K1.

The specific implementation of the above solution will be described in detail in the following embodiments and will not be repeated here.

Because in the embodiment of the present application, the first device can indicate to each of the M terminal devices through the first indication information: the mapping relationship between the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and the data of the K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, and then when the K1 terminal devices demodulate the modulation symbols sent by the first device superimposed with the data of the M terminal devices according to the constellation diagram, each of the K1 terminal devices can determine its own data in the constellation symbol, that is, the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis can be allocated to multiple different terminal devices for use, thereby increasing the number of terminal devices connected at the same time. Moreover, when the K1 terminal devices demodulate, they can extract their own data in the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis according to the constellation symbol determined when demodulating the constellation diagram and the above-mentioned mapping relationship, and then do not need to demodulate through the SIC method, thereby reducing the demodulation difficulty. In summary, based on the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the MUST technology can be optimized to increase the number of terminal devices connected at the same time and reduce the demodulation difficulty.

It can be understood that since the first device in the embodiment of the present application can be a network device, or a terminal device, or an optical communication device, in order to facilitate understanding of the physical form of the first device in the embodiment of the present application, the hardware structure of the first device is illustrated below by taking the first device as a network device as an example.

As shown in FIG5 , it is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of a terminal device 500 and a network device 510 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

The terminal device 500 includes at least one processor 501 (in FIG. 5, one processor 501 is used as an example for explanation), at least one memory 502 (in FIG. 5, one memory 502 is used as an example for explanation), and at least one transceiver 503 (in FIG. 5, one transceiver 503 is used as an example for explanation). Optionally, the terminal device 500 may also include an output device 504 and an input device 505.

The processor 501, the memory 502 and the transceiver 503 are connected via a communication line. The communication line may include a path to transmit information between the above components.

Processor 501 may be a general-purpose central processing unit (CPU), a microprocessor, an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits for controlling the execution of the program of the present application. In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, processor 501 may also include multiple CPUs, and processor 501 may be a single-core (single-CPU) processor or a multi-core (multi-CPU) processor. The processor here may refer to one or more devices, circuits, or processing cores for processing data (such as computer program instructions).

The memory 502 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other types of static storage devices that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other types of dynamic storage devices that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compressed optical disc, a laser disc, an optical disc, a digital versatile disc, or a Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store the desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 502 may exist independently and be connected to the processor 501 through a communication line. The memory 502 may also be integrated with the processor 501.

Among them, the memory 502 is used to store computer-executable instructions for executing the solution of the present application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 501. Specifically, the processor 501 is used to execute the computer-executable instructions stored in the memory 502, so as to implement the communication method described in the embodiment of the present application. Optionally, the computer-executable instructions in the embodiment of the present application can also be referred to as application code or computer program code, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

The transceiver 503 may use any transceiver-like device for communicating with other devices or communication networks, such as Ethernet, radio access network (RAN), or wireless local area networks (WLAN). The transceiver 503 includes a transmitter Tx and a receiver Rx.

The output device 504 communicates with the processor 501 and can display information in a variety of ways. For example, the output device 504 can be a liquid crystal display (LCD), a light emitting diode (LED) display device, a cathode ray tube (CRT) display device, or a projector.

The input device 505 communicates with the processor 501 and can accept user input in various ways. For example, the input device 505 can be a mouse, a keyboard, a touch screen device, or a sensor device.

The network device 510 includes at least one processor 511 (in FIG. 5, an exemplary processor 511 is used as an example for explanation), at least one memory 512 (in FIG. 5, an exemplary memory 512 is used as an example for explanation), at least one transceiver 513 (in FIG. 5, an exemplary transceiver 513 is used as an example for explanation) and at least one network interface 514 (in FIG. 5, an exemplary network interface 514 is used as an example for explanation). The processor 511, the memory 512, the transceiver 513 and the network interface 514 are connected through a communication line. Among them, the network interface 514 is used to connect to the core network device through a link (for example, an S1 interface), or to connect to the network interface of other network devices through a wired or wireless link (for example, an X2 interface) (not shown in FIG. 5), and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this. In addition, the relevant description of the processor 511, the memory 512 and the transceiver 513 can refer to the description of the processor 501, the memory 502 and the transceiver 503 in the terminal device 500, which will not be repeated here.

Optionally, the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device for realizing a wireless communication function, such as a terminal or a chip that can be used in a terminal, etc. The terminal may be a UE, an access terminal, a terminal unit, a terminal station, a mobile station, a mobile station, a remote station, a remote terminal, a mobile device, a wireless communication device, a terminal agent or a terminal device in a 5G network or a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc. The access terminal may be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a session initiation protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication function, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device or a wearable device, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in remote medical, a wireless terminal in smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in smart city, a wireless terminal in smart home, etc. Optionally, the terminal device may be mobile or fixed.

Optionally, the network device in the embodiment of the present application may be a device that communicates with a terminal device. The network device may include a transmission and reception point (TRP), a base station, a remote radio unit (RRU) or a baseband unit (BBU) (also referred to as a digital unit (DU)) of a separated base station, a satellite, a drone, a broadband network gateway (BNG), a converged switch, a non-3GPP access device, a relay station or an access point, etc. Among them, FIG4 takes the first device as an example of a base station for illustration, which is uniformly explained here and will not be repeated below.

In addition, the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communication (GSM) or code division multiple access (CDMA) network, an NB (Node B) in wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA), an eNB or eNodeB (evolutional NodeB) in LTE, a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario, or a base station in a 5G communication system (such as a next-generation Node B (gNodeB, gNB)), or a base station in a future evolution network, etc., without specific limitation herein.

Optionally, in some deployments, the gNB may include a centralized unit (CU) and a DU. The gNB may also include an active antenna unit (AAU). The CU implements some functions of the gNB, and the DU implements some functions of the gNB, for example, the CU is responsible for processing non-real-time protocols and services, and implements the functions of the RRC and packet data convergence protocol (PDCP) layers. The DU is responsible for processing physical layer protocols and real-time services, and implements the functions of the radio link control (RLC) layer, the MAC layer, and the physical (PHY) layer. The AAU implements some physical layer processing functions, RF processing, and related functions of active antennas. Since the information of the RRC layer will eventually become the information of the PHY layer, or be converted from the information of the PHY layer, under this architecture, high-level signaling, such as RRC layer signaling, can also be considered to be sent by the DU, or by the DU+AAU. It can be understood that the network device can be a device including one or more of a CU node, a DU node, and an AAU node. In addition, the CU can be divided into a network device in the access network (radio access network, RAN), and the CU can also be divided into a network device in the core network (core network, CN), which is not limited in this application.

Optionally, the first device and the terminal device may also be referred to as a communication device, which may be a general device or a dedicated device, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

Optionally, the relevant functions of the terminal device or the first device may be implemented by one device, or by multiple devices, or by one or more functional modules in one device, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this. It is understandable that the above functions may be network elements in hardware devices, or software functions running on dedicated hardware, or a combination of hardware and software, or virtualization functions instantiated on a platform (e.g., a cloud platform).

The above communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with Figure 6.

It should be understood that the signal names between the various devices or the names of the various parameters in the signals in the following embodiments of the present application are merely examples, and other names may be used in specific implementations, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

Taking the interaction between the first device and M terminal devices shown in FIG4 as an example, as shown in FIG6, a flow chart of a communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application includes the following steps:

S601. The first device generates first indication information. The first indication information is used to indicate parameters of a constellation diagram. The constellation diagram includes constellation symbols for modulating and demodulating data of M terminal devices. The i-th bit symbol in the constellation symbol carries data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices. The parameters of the constellation diagram include a mapping relationship between N1-bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. M, N1 and K1 are all positive integers, N1≥K1, K1≥2, M＞K1.

S602: The first device sends the first indication information to M terminal devices. Correspondingly, each of the M terminal devices receives the first indication information from the first device.

The above steps S601 to S602 are described in detail below.

For step S601:

Optionally, the first device may establish a connection with multiple terminal devices. The establishment of a connection between the first device and the terminal device may refer to the completion of synchronization between the terminal device and the first device, or the terminal device may obtain configuration information sent by the first device, or the terminal device may perform signaling interaction with the first device, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application. In other words, the first device may establish a connection with multiple terminal devices to obtain information about each of the multiple terminal devices, and then determine the M terminal devices that need to be accessed simultaneously, thereby determining which terminal devices' data need to be carried in the superimposed modulation symbol.

Optionally, the information of the terminal device may include identification information of the terminal device. Among them, the identification information of the terminal device can be used to identify the terminal device. Exemplarily, the identification information of the terminal device may include an International Mobile Subscriber Identity (IMSI), an international mobile equipment identity (IMEI), a mobile equipment identifier (MEID), a unique device identifier (Unique Device Identifier), or other information that identifies the terminal device, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

It can be understood that, as described in the "constellation diagram" in the preamble of the specific implementation method, the superimposed modulation symbol can be represented by a constellation point, and the constellation symbol corresponding to the constellation point can represent the data carried by the superimposed modulation symbol. In other words, the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram can be used to modulate and demodulate the data of M terminal devices.

Optionally, the modulation mode corresponding to the constellation diagram (such as BPSK, π/2-BPSK, or QAM, etc.) may be agreed upon by the protocol, or negotiated in advance between the first device and the terminal device, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this. That is, the first device and the terminal device may determine the modulation mode corresponding to the constellation diagram, and further determine one or more of the following: the number of constellation points in the constellation diagram; the number of constellation symbols; the number of symbols contained in the constellation symbol (or the number of symbol bits); the one or more bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis; or the one or more bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the Q axis.

For example, taking the modulation mode corresponding to the constellation diagram as 16-QAM as an example, FIG7 is a classic 16-QAM constellation diagram. As shown in FIG7, the classic 16-QAM constellation diagram includes 16 constellation points, and the 16 constellation points are evenly distributed in four rows and four columns. Among them, even distribution may mean that among the multiple constellation points in each row or column, the spacing between any adjacent constellation points is the same.

As described in the preamble "Orthogonal Modulation" of the specific implementation method, since the modulation order m of 16-QAM is 4, and thus one constellation symbol can carry 4 bits of data, a constellation symbol may include 4-bit symbols. In addition, since the 16 constellation points are evenly distributed in four rows and four columns, the constellation symbol corresponds to two-bit symbols on the I axis and two-bit symbols on the Q axis.

It should be understood that the positional relationship between the two-bit symbols corresponding to the I axis and the two-bit symbols corresponding to the Q axis is related to the mapping rule of the constellation symbol. Among them, the mapping rule can be the Gray rule or the natural mapping rule described in the "Constellation Diagram" in the preamble of the specific implementation method. For example, the constellation symbol in Figure 7 adopts the natural mapping rule. Specifically, the constellation point in the upper left corner of Figure 7 can be marked as point No. 0, and the constellation point in the lower right corner of Figure 7 can be marked as point No. 15. Then, from top to bottom (along the negative direction of the Q axis), by row scanning, points No. 0, 1, ..., 15 can be marked in sequence. The numbering of the constellation point is converted from decimal to binary, that is, No. 0 corresponds to "0000", No. 1 corresponds to "0001", No. 2 corresponds to "0010", ..., No. 15 corresponds to "1111", and then the 4-bit symbol converted to binary can be used as the constellation symbol. Further, the constellation point on the I axis corresponds to the last two bits (or called the lower two bits) of the constellation symbol, and the constellation point on the Q axis corresponds to the first two bits (or called the upper two bits) of the constellation symbol. As shown in FIG7 , the coordinates of the constellation points appearing on the I axis (or constellation symbol coordinates) are -3, -1, +1, and +3, respectively. The constellation symbol coordinate -3 corresponds to the last two digits of the constellation symbol 00, the constellation symbol coordinate -1 corresponds to the last two digits of the constellation symbol 01, the constellation symbol coordinate +1 corresponds to the last two digits of the constellation symbol 10, and the constellation symbol coordinate +3 corresponds to the last two digits of the constellation symbol 11. Similarly, the constellation symbol coordinates of the constellation points appearing on the Q axis are -3, -1, +1, and +3, respectively. The constellation symbol coordinate -3 corresponds to the first two digits of the constellation symbol 11, the constellation symbol coordinate -1 corresponds to the first two digits of the constellation symbol 10, the constellation symbol coordinate +1 corresponds to the first two digits of the constellation symbol 01, and the constellation symbol coordinate +3 corresponds to the first two digits of the constellation symbol 00.

It can be understood that the two symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I-axis and the Q-axis in the above Figure 7 are adjacent to each other. If the arrangement order of the constellation point numbers is changed, or the Gray rule is adopted, the positions of the symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I-axis and the Q-axis in the constellation symbol will change.

Take the Gray rule between constellation points and constellation symbols as an example for explanation. Among them, the Gray rule may mean that only a single symbol is different between the two constellation symbols corresponding to two adjacent constellation points. Exemplarily, Figure 8 is a 16-QAM constellation diagram using the Gray rule mapping between constellation points and constellation symbols provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 8, the constellation symbol corresponding to the constellation point in the upper left corner (corresponding to the 0th constellation point in Figure 7) is changed from "0000" in Figure 7 to "1011", and the constellation symbol "1011" corresponding to the constellation point is only different from the constellation symbol "1001" corresponding to the adjacent constellation point in the I-axis direction (corresponding to the 1st constellation point in Figure 7) in a single symbol, and the constellation symbol "1010" corresponding to the adjacent constellation point in the Q-axis direction (corresponding to the 4th constellation point in Figure 7) is also only different from a single symbol. Furthermore, the constellation symbols in the leftmost column in FIG8 are respectively: "1011", "1010", "1110", and "1111". From left to right, the first symbol and the third symbol are the same among the four constellation symbols in this column, and the constellation symbols in the other three columns in FIG8 also follow this rule, and thus the two symbols corresponding to the constellation symbols in FIG8 on the I axis are the first symbol and the third symbol. Similarly, the two symbols corresponding to the constellation symbols in FIG8 on the Q axis are the second symbol and the fourth symbol.

It can be understood that other mapping rules can be used between constellation points and constellation symbols, so that the two symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis are the 1st symbol and the 4th symbol, and the two symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the Q axis are the 2nd symbol and the 3rd symbol. The embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

It should be understood that in the 16-QAM constellation diagrams shown in Figures 7 and 8, since the 16 constellation points are evenly distributed in four rows and four columns, the constellation symbol corresponds to two symbols on the I axis and two symbols on the Q axis. If the number of rows and columns in which the 16 constellation points are distributed is different, the number of symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis may be different from the number of symbols corresponding to the Q axis.

Exemplarily, FIG9 is another 16-QAM constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG9, the 16 constellation points are evenly distributed in two rows and eight columns. In this way, the symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis is the last three digits in the constellation symbol, and the symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the Q axis is the first digit in the constellation symbol. It can be understood that when the 16 constellation points are evenly distributed in eight rows and two columns, the symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis is the first digit in the constellation symbol, and the symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the Q axis is the last three digits in the constellation symbol.

It can be understood that as the modulation order m increases, the number of symbols in the constellation symbol also increases, and thus the multi-bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis or the Q axis may be partially adjacent or partially non-adjacent. For example, as an example, the constellation symbol is "b ₁ b ₂ b ₃ b ₄ b ₅ b ₆ ", the symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis may be b ₁ b ₂ b ₆ , and the symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the Q axis may be b ₃ b ₄ b ₅ .

Optionally, the number of symbol bits corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis can be represented by _NI , and the number of symbol bits corresponding to the constellation symbol on the Q axis can be represented by _NQ . The sum of _NI and _NQ is the modulation order m, that is, the total number of bits of the constellation symbol. If the number of symbol bits corresponding to the I axis is _NI , then the number of constellation symbol coordinates on the I axis is

If the number of symbol bits corresponding to the Q axis is N _Q , then the number of constellation symbol coordinates on the Q axis is

For example, the modulation mode corresponding to the constellation diagram is 2 ^m -QAM, and the 2 ^m constellation points in the constellation diagram are evenly distributed in the manner of 2 ^m/2 × 2 ^m/2 , M _I =M _Q =2 ^m/2 , N _I =N _Q =m/2, m≥2. It can be understood that if m = 2, 3, 4, ..., 12; that is, the number of constellation points 2 ^m has a minimum value of 4 and a maximum value of 4096.

Optionally, the mapping rules between the constellation points and the constellation symbols, and the arrangement of the constellation points may be agreed upon by a protocol, or negotiated in advance by the first device and the terminal device, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this. In other words, the constellation diagram used to obtain the superimposed modulation symbol may be predefined or preconfigured, and the terminal device may determine the mapping rules between the constellation points and the constellation symbols, and the arrangement of the constellation points through the constellation diagram.

Alternatively, optionally, the parameters of the constellation diagram may further include a mapping rule between constellation points and constellation symbols, and/or an arrangement of constellation points. That is, the mapping rule between constellation points and constellation symbols, and/or an arrangement of constellation points may be notified to the M terminal devices through the first indication information, and then the M terminal devices may generate a constellation diagram according to the first indication information, and demodulate the superimposed modulation symbols sent by the first device through the constellation diagram.

It should be understood that the first device can obtain information of each of the M terminal devices by establishing a connection with each of the multiple terminal devices. The information of each of the M terminal devices can be used to generate the first indication information and/or the constellation diagram. For example, the first device can determine the mapping relationship between the constellation symbol and the data of the M terminal devices based on the information of the terminal device, and then generate the first indication information. For another example, the first device can determine one or more of the following based on the information of the terminal device: the arrangement of the constellation points in the constellation diagram, the constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the I axis in the constellation diagram, or the constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the Q axis in the constellation diagram.

Optionally, the mapping relationship between the constellation symbol and the data of the M terminal devices may refer to: the i-th symbol in the constellation symbol carries the data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices. That is, since the i-th symbol in the constellation symbol carries the data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices, after each of the M terminal devices demodulates the superimposed modulation symbol according to the constellation diagram to obtain the constellation symbol, it can obtain its own corresponding data according to the above mapping relationship, so it does not need to be demodulated by the SIC method, thereby reducing the demodulation difficulty.

The mapping relationship between the constellation symbols and the data of the M terminal devices is introduced below.

For ease of expression, the jth terminal device among the M terminal devices can be represented as UE#j, j∈{0,1,…,M}, and the data of the jth terminal device can be represented as data#j, and data#j can include one or more bits. In addition, the amount of data of different terminal devices can be the same or different. For example, data#1 and data#2 can both include one bit, and data#3 can include two bits, so that the amount of data between data#1 and data#2 is the same, and the amount of data between data#1 and data#3 is different.

Taking the constellation symbol "b ₁ b ₂ ...b _i ...b _m " in the "constellation diagram" in the preamble of the specific implementation as an example, the i-th symbol _bi in the constellation symbol can carry data #j of the j-th terminal device UE#j, that is, _bi is the data #j of UE#j. It should be understood that m and M are both integers, m≥M, and M＞2.

It can be understood that i can be equal to j, for example, the first bit symbol _b1 can carry data #1 of the first terminal device UE#1. Of course, i can be different from j, for example, the first bit symbol _b1 can carry data #2 of the second terminal device UE#2. For another example, the second bit symbol _b2 can carry data #1 of the first terminal device UE#1.

Optionally, the mapping relationship between each bit symbol in the constellation symbol and the data of each terminal device in the M terminal devices can be one-to-one mapping, that is, each bit symbol in the constellation symbol carries data of only one terminal device. In this way, the m-bit symbol in the constellation symbol can carry data of m terminal devices.

Alternatively, optionally, the multi-bit symbol in the constellation symbol carries data of a terminal device. The multi-bit symbols in the constellation symbol may be adjacent to each other or not adjacent to each other. The multi-bit symbol may be a 2-bit symbol, a 3-bit symbol, a 4-bit symbol, or a symbol of more bits, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. The intervals between the multi-bit symbols may be 1-bit symbols, 2-bit symbols, 3-bit symbols, or a symbol of more bits, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Taking the case where a 2-bit symbol in a constellation symbol carries the data of a terminal device as an example, _b1 and _b2 in the constellation symbol " _b1 _b2 ... _bi ... _bm " can carry data #1 of the first terminal device UE#1; or, _b1 and _b3 can carry data #1 of the first terminal device UE#1. Similarly, _b1 and _bm can carry data #1 of the first terminal device UE#1.

Alternatively, optionally, some symbols in the constellation symbol may be multi-bit symbols carrying data of one terminal device, and one-bit symbols in another part of the symbols may carry data of one terminal device. Exemplarily, _b1 and _b2 in the constellation symbol " _b1 _b2 ...b _i ...b _m " may carry data #1 of the first terminal device UE#1, and _b3 may carry data #2 of the second terminal device UE#2.

As shown in the constellation diagrams of Figures 7 to 9, the constellation symbol is composed of a multi-bit symbol corresponding to the I axis and a multi-bit symbol corresponding to the Q axis, that is, the constellation symbol can be divided into two parts, one of which corresponds to the I axis and the other corresponds to the Q axis. Further, considering the difference in channel quality between different terminal devices, when the first device sends superimposed modulation symbols to M terminal devices, the first device needs to allocate different powers to different terminal devices. Therefore, the first device can divide the M terminal devices into two sets according to the information of each terminal device in the M terminal devices, one of which is associated with the symbols on the I axis and the other is associated with the symbols on the Q axis.

Optionally, the M terminal devices include a first set corresponding to the I axis and a second set corresponding to the Q axis. The first set includes one or more terminal devices among the M terminal devices, and the second set includes one or more terminal devices among the M terminal devices except the first set. That is, the terminal devices in the first set are different from the terminal devices in the second set.

Optionally, the first set may include K _I terminal devices, and the second set may include K _Q terminal devices. Wherein, K _I and K _Q are both positive integers, and the sum of K _I and K _Q is M. Exemplarily, the kth terminal device among the K _I terminal devices may be represented as UE#k, k∈{0,1,…,K _I }, and the kth terminal device among the K _Q terminal devices may be represented as UE#k, k∈{0,1,…,K _Q }.

Optionally, the parameters of the constellation diagram may further include indication information of K _I terminal devices in the first set, and/or indication information of K _Q terminal devices in the second set. It can be understood that, since the M terminal devices are divided into only two sets, when the M terminal devices receive indication information corresponding to one of the sets, the terminal devices that are not indicated may determine that they belong to the other set.

Optionally, the information of the terminal device may also include channel information between the terminal device and the first device. The channel information between the terminal device and the first device may refer to a channel through which the first device sends information to the terminal device. It can be understood that if the first device is a network device, the channel between the terminal device and the first device may be a downlink channel. If the first device is a terminal device, the channel between the terminal device and the first device may be an SL channel.

Optionally, channel information can be used to determine the first set and the second set. The channel information may include a channel response amplitude value, an absolute value of the channel response amplitude, or a channel response amplitude coefficient, etc., which is not specifically limited in the implementation of this application. It can be understood that the first device can configure multiple terminal devices with similar channel response amplitude values as the first set or the second set based on the channel information corresponding to the M terminal devices. Exemplarily, taking the first device as a network device as an example, the first device can configure multiple terminal devices located inside the cell as the first set, and configure multiple terminal devices located at the edge of the cell as the second set. Of course, the first device can also use other strategies to determine the first set and the second set, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of this application.

It should be understood that the first device obtains the channel information corresponding to each terminal device by: the first device sends a reference signal for channel measurement to each terminal device (for example, a channel state information reference signal (CSI-RS), a synchronization signal/physical broadcast channel block (SSB), or a tracking reference signal (TRS), etc.), and receives the channel information obtained by measuring the reference signal fed back by each terminal device; or, the first device can utilize the reciprocity of uplink and downlink channels to obtain the channel information corresponding to each terminal device according to the reference signal (for example, a sounding reference signal (SRS)) measured by the first device from each terminal device, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

Optionally, the first axis may be an I axis or a Q axis. Wherein, when the first axis is the I axis, the parameters of the constellation diagram include a mapping relationship between N1-bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis and data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. As described above, the number of symbol bits corresponding to the I axis is N _I , and the N1-bit symbol may be the N _I -bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis (e.g., b ₁ b ₂ b ₆ , N1=N _I =3 in the above text). The I axis corresponds to the first set. Since the first set includes K _I terminal devices, the K1 terminal devices may be the K _I terminal devices in the first set, and K1 may be equal to K _I .

Similarly, when the first axis is the Q axis, the parameters of the constellation diagram include the mapping relationship between the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the Q axis and the data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. As described above, the number of symbol bits corresponding to the Q axis is N _Q , and the N1-bit symbol can be the N _Q -bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the Q axis (for example, b ₃ b ₄ b ₅ above, N1＝N _Q ＝3). The Q axis corresponds to the second set. Since the first set includes K _Q terminal devices, the K1 terminal devices can be the K _Q terminal devices in the second set, and K1 can be equal to K _Q .

That is to say, since the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis can carry data of K1 terminal devices among M terminal devices, and N1≥K1, K1≥2, that is, the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis can be allocated to multiple different terminal devices for simultaneous use, the number of terminal devices that can be simultaneously accessed by the first device can be increased.

It can be understood that since the first indication information can be used to indicate the mapping relationship between the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and the data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, when the K1 terminal devices demodulate the superimposed modulation symbols according to the constellation diagram, the respective corresponding data can be determined according to the N1-bit symbol in the constellation symbol corresponding to the superimposed modulation symbol. Exemplarily, taking the first symbol in the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the data of the first terminal device among the K1 terminal devices (in order from left to right) as an example, assuming that the N1-bit symbol in the constellation symbol after demodulation is "011", or "010", or "001", the first terminal device can determine that the data it receives is "0".

It should also be understood that the first device may only map the symbol to the data of the terminal device for one of the I axis and the Q axis. That is, one of the I axis and the Q axis may carry the data of multiple terminal devices, and the other axis may only carry the data of one terminal device. Furthermore, the number of terminal devices other than the K1 terminal devices in the M terminal devices is 1.

Optionally, the mapping relationship between the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and the data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices may be the following:

Mapping relationship 1: Each bit symbol in the N1 bit symbol is mapped one by one to the data of each terminal device in the K1 terminal devices. That is, the N1 bit symbol can be allocated to N1 terminal devices at most.

Mapping relationship 2: When N1>K1, the multi-bit symbol in the N1-bit symbol carries the data of a terminal device. Among them, the multi-bit symbol can be a 2-bit symbol, a 3-bit symbol, a 3-bit symbol, or a more-bit symbol, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application. The multi-bit symbols can be adjacent to each other, or not adjacent. If not adjacent, the interval between the multi-bit symbols can be 1-bit symbol, 2-bit symbol, 3-bit symbol, or more-bit symbol, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

For example, taking N1-bit symbols as "b _N1 ...b _k ...b ₂ b ₁ ", k∈{0,1,...,N1}, and 2-bit symbols carrying data of one terminal device as an example, b ₂ b ₁ can carry data of one terminal device among K1 terminal devices, or b ₄ b ₃ can carry data of one terminal device among K1 terminal devices, or b ₃ b ₁ can carry data of one terminal device among K1 terminal devices, or b _N1 b ₁ can carry data of one terminal device among K1 terminal devices.

Mapping relationship three: some of the symbols in the N1-bit symbol can be multi-bit symbols carrying data of one terminal device, and one of the other symbols can carry data of one terminal device. For example, _b1 _and _b2 in the N1-bit symbol " _bN1 ... _bk ... _b2b1 " can carry data of the first terminal device, _{and b3} can carry data of the second terminal device.

It should be understood that, as shown in formula (1) in the specific implementation scheme "Orthogonal Modulation", the superimposed modulation symbols transmitted by the first device can be divided into I-path components and Q-path components, and thus the transmission power corresponding to the N1-bit symbol on the first axis needs to meet the receiving requirements of the terminal device with the worst channel quality among the K1 terminal devices.

Optionally, the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is determined by the transmission power of the first terminal device among the K1 terminal devices. The first terminal device may be a terminal device with the worst channel quality among the K1 terminal devices. Exemplarily, the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is greater than or equal to the transmission power corresponding to the first terminal device. In this way, it can be ensured that the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis meets the reception requirement of the first terminal device.

Optionally, the first axis corresponds to A constellation symbol coordinates. Among the A constellation symbol coordinates, there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings. A is an integer greater than or equal to 3. In other words, the A constellation symbol coordinates are arranged at non-uniform spacings, and thus the constellation points in the constellation diagram may be non-uniformly distributed in the direction of the first axis, which can increase the modulation performance of the superimposed modulation symbols relative to the uniform distribution of the constellation points. It can be understood that the greater the distance or spacing between adjacent constellation points, the better the anti-noise performance, but one of the constellation points will be farther from the origin, and thus more power needs to be allocated to the constellation point. If the constellation points are distributed in a non-uniform manner, on the one hand, the spacing between two constellation points that are not prone to interference can be reduced to save power consumption; on the other hand, the spacing between two constellation points that are prone to interference can be increased to improve the anti-noise performance.

Optionally, the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates is determined based on K1 channel information and/or K1 transmit powers corresponding to the K1 terminal devices. The K1 transmit powers may be allocated by the first device. That is, since the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates is related to the channel and/or transmit power, the A constellation symbol coordinates may be adapted to the channel quality corresponding to different terminal devices, thereby increasing the adaptability to the channel quality corresponding to different terminal devices.

The following takes the example that the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in A constellation symbol coordinates is determined based on K1 channel information and K1 transmission powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices to illustrate the method of determining A constellation symbol coordinates.

Exemplarily, the first axis is the I axis, the first set corresponding to the I axis may include K _I terminal devices, the kth terminal device among the K _I terminal devices may be represented as UE#k, k∈{0,1,…,K _I }, the I axis corresponds to N _I -bit symbols, and the number of constellation symbol coordinates on the I axis is

That is, K1= _KI , N1= _NI , A= _MI .

The channel information corresponding to the k-th terminal device may refer to: the absolute value of the channel response amplitude corresponding to the k-th terminal device |h _k |, the transmission power corresponding to the k-th terminal device is p _k , and the input parameter d _k for calculating the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates may be determined according to formula (3). Formula (3) is as follows:

d _k =|h _k |·p _k Formula (3)

Wherein, |h _k |·p _k can be used to represent the instantaneous amplitude of the superimposed modulation symbol received by UE#k.

It should be understood that d _k may also be equal to |h _k |; or, d _k may also be equal to p _k , which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

In formula (4),

It can be used to represent the average value of the instantaneous amplitudes of the superimposed modulation symbols received by K _I terminal devices.

In formula (5),

It can be used to indicate the instantaneous amplitude of the superimposed modulation symbol received by UE#k.

The proportion of .

In formula (6),

It is used to represent the N _I -bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I-axis. Wherein, when each symbol in the N _I -bit symbols corresponding to the I-axis is mapped one-to-one with the data of each terminal device in the K _I terminal devices, N _I may be equal to K _I .

It can be used to carry data of K _I terminal devices. For example,

The data between K _I terminal devices can be sequentially mapped, that is,

It can be data _#KI of UE# _KI , _bk can be data #k of UE#k, and _b1 can be data #1 of UE#1.

In formula (6),

It can be used to determine M _I constellation symbol coordinates. Among them,

The mapping relationship between the coordinates of the M _I constellation symbols on the I axis can be determined according to formula (7). Formula (7) is as follows:

In formula (7),

It can be used to represent the M _I constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the I axis.

It can be understood that according to the above formulas (3) to (7),

In the case of

According to formula (7), the spacing between different adjacent constellation symbols in the M _I constellation symbol coordinates is equal, that is, the M _I constellation symbol coordinates are arranged at uniform spacing.

In the case of , the spacings between different adjacent constellation symbols in the M _I constellation symbol coordinates are unequal, that is, the M _I constellation symbol coordinates are arranged with non-uniform spacings.

That is to say, no matter whether the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis are arranged with uniform spacing or non-uniform spacing, the A constellation symbol coordinates are determined according to K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices.

In combination with FIG. 10 and the above formulas (3) to (7), the following exemplarily illustrates the A=M _I constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis when the first axis is the I axis.

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between N _I- bit symbols corresponding to the I axis in a 64-QAM constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application and data of K _I terminal devices. In FIG10 , the constellation points of the 64-QAM constellation diagram are evenly distributed in an 8×8 manner, and the number of constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the I axis is

Then, the maximum value of _NI in the _NI- bit symbol corresponding to the I-axis is 3, and the _NI -bit symbol can be allocated to at _most 3 terminal devices for use. Exemplarily, the _NI -bit symbol corresponding to the I-axis can be expressed as _b3b2b1 _, _b3b2b1∈ { _{000,001,010,011,100,101,110,111} _} .

As shown in FIG10 , three terminal devices can be represented as UE#1, UE#2, and UE#3, respectively. Then, the data of UE#1 can be represented by data#1, the data of UE#2 can be represented by data#2, and the data of UE#3 can be represented by data#3. Among them, _b3 corresponds to data#3, _b2 corresponds to data#2, and _b1 corresponds to data#1.

Optionally, the absolute value of the channel response amplitude corresponding to UE#1 may be represented by |h ₁ |, the absolute value of the channel response amplitude corresponding to UE#2 may be represented by |h ₂ |, and the absolute value of the channel response amplitude corresponding to UE#3 may be represented by |h ₃ |.

Optionally, the transmission power allocated by the first device to UE#1 is p ₁ , and the transmission power allocated by the first device to UE#2 is p ₂ . The transmission power allocated by the first device to UE#3 is p ₃ , and p ₁ +p ₂ +p ₃ ≤P/2, where P is the maximum transmission power of the first device. It can be understood that, since the number of symbol bits in the constellation symbol in 64-QAM is 6, both the I axis and the Q axis correspond to 3-bit symbols, and then the first device can divide the power equally to the I axis, that is, the maximum transmission power of the corresponding 3-bit symbol on the I axis is P/2.

Wherein, d ₁ =|h ₁ |·p ₁ , d ₂ =|h ₂ |·p ₂ , d ₃ =|h ₃ |·p ₃ . In the case of d ₁ =d ₂ =d ₃ , as shown in FIG10 , the 8 constellation symbol coordinates on the I axis are arranged at uniform intervals. Wherein, using the above formulas (3) to (7), the mapping relationship between the I axis constellation symbol coordinates, d(b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ ), and the N _I -bit symbol b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ can be obtained, as shown in Table 1 for details.

Table 1

b ₃b ₂b ₁ b ₃ b ₂ b ₁	d(b ₃b ₂b ₁) d(b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ )	I轴星座符号坐标I-axis constellation symbol coordinates
000000	00	-7-7
001001	11	-5-5
010010	22	-3-3
011011	33	-1-1

100100	44	+1+1
101101	55	+3+3
110110	66	+5+5
111111	77	+7+7

It can be understood that in the above formula (7)

The mapping relationship between the M _I constellation symbol coordinates on the I axis is only an example, and other mapping relationships can also be used to determine the M _I constellation symbol coordinates on the I axis. For example, formula (7) can be rewritten as formula (8).

Further, when formula (8) is used to determine the M _I constellation symbol coordinates on the I axis, the I axis constellation symbol coordinates in Table 1 change, and the details can be seen in Table 2.

Table 2

b ₃b ₂b ₁ b ₃ b ₂ b ₁	d(b ₃b ₂b ₁) d(b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ )	I轴星座符号坐标I-axis constellation symbol coordinates
000000	00	+7+7
001001	11	+5+5
010010	22	+3+3
011011	33	+1+1
100100	44	-1-1
101101	55	-3-3
110110	66	-5-5
111111	77	-7-7

As mentioned above, in

In the case of , the M _I constellation symbol coordinates on the I axis are arranged at non-uniform intervals. Wherein, in the case of d ₁ =1, d ₂ =1.1, d ₃ =1.2, FIG11 illustrates the arrangement positions of the 8 constellation symbol coordinates on the I axis. Using the above formulas (3) to (7), the mapping relationship between the I-axis constellation symbol coordinates, d(b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ ), and the N _I- bit symbol b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ can be obtained, as shown in Table 3 for details.

table 3

b ₃b ₂b ₁ b ₃ b ₂ b ₁	d(b ₃b ₂b ₁) d(b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ )	I轴星座符号坐标I-axis constellation symbol coordinates
000000	00	-7.00-7.00
001001	0.90900.9090	-5.18-5.18
010010	2.00002.0000	-3.00-3.00
011011	2.90902.9090	-1.18-1.18
100100	4.36004.3600	+1.72+1.72
101101	5.26905.2690	+3.54+3.54
110110	6.36006.3600	+5.72+5.72
111111	7.26907.2690	+7.54+7.54

See Table 3, in which the I-axis constellation symbol coordinates retain 2 digits of coordinate accuracy after the decimal point. The I-axis constellation symbol coordinates are determined by input parameters d ₁ =1, d ₂ =1.1, and d ₃ =1.2. The spacings between 7 adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in Table 3 are: 1.82, 2.18, 1.82, 2.90, 1.82, 2.18, and 1.82, respectively. It should be understood that the non-uniform spacing arrangement of the constellation symbol coordinates shown in Table 3 is only an example, and only one of the spacings between the above 7 adjacent constellation symbol coordinates may be different from the other spacings, or other non-uniform spacing arrangements may be used, and the embodiments of the present application do not specifically limit this.

It can be understood that no matter whether the I-axis constellation symbol coordinates shown in FIG. 10 or FIG. 11 are integers or include decimals, the N _I -bit symbols b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ of the 8 I-axis constellation symbol coordinates can be a set {000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111} from left to right (from the -I axis to the +I axis direction). Among them, the 3-bit symbols of each N _I -bit symbol b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ are respectively allocated to UE#1, UE#2 and UE#3 for use. For example: when the terminal device detects the 0xx or 1xx symbol of the I axis, it indicates that the bit information (i.e., data) of UE#1 is received; when the terminal device detects the x0x or x1x symbol of the I axis, it indicates that the bit information of UE#2 is received; when the terminal device detects the xx0 or xx1 symbol of the I axis, it indicates that the bit information of UE#3 is received. It should be understood that the order of arrangement of the numbers within the N _I- bit symbol b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ set of the constellation symbol coordinates is not necessarily {000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110, 111}, but may be any other non-repetitive order, for example, {111, 110, 101, 100, 011, 010, 001, 000}; or, {101, 100, 001, 000, 010, 011, 110, 111}, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

It can be understood that the first axis can be the Q axis, the second set corresponding to the Q axis can include K _Q terminal devices, the kth terminal device among the K _Q terminal devices can be represented as UE#k, k∈{0,1,…,K _Q }, the Q axis corresponds to N _Q bit symbols, and the number of constellation symbol coordinates on the Q axis is

That is, K1=K _Q , N1=N _Q , A=M _Q .

In conjunction with FIG. 12 and the above formulas (3) to (7), the following exemplarily illustrates the A=M _Q constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis when the first axis is the Q axis.

FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between N _Q bit symbols corresponding to the Q axis in a 64-QAM constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application and data of K _Q terminal devices. The constellation points of the 64-QAM constellation diagram in FIG12 are evenly distributed in an 8×8 manner, and the number of constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the Q axis is

Thus, the maximum value of N _Q in the N _Q bit symbols corresponding to the Q axis is 3, and the N _Q bit symbols can be allocated to at most 3 terminal devices for use. Exemplarily, the N _Q bit symbols corresponding to the Q axis can be expressed as b ₆ b ₅ b ₄ , b ₆ b ₅ b ₄ ∈{000,001,010,011,100,101,110,111}.

As shown in FIG12 , three terminal devices can be represented as UE#4, UE#5, and UE#6, respectively. Then, the data of UE#4 can be represented by data#4, the data of UE#5 can be represented by data#5, and the data of UE#6 can be represented by data#6. Among them, _b6 corresponds to data#6, _b5 corresponds to data#5, and _b4 corresponds to data#4.

Optionally, the absolute value of the channel response amplitude corresponding to UE#4 may be represented by |h ₄ |, the absolute value of the channel response amplitude corresponding to UE#5 may be represented by |h ₅ |, and the absolute value of the channel response amplitude corresponding to UE#6 may be represented by |h ₆ |.

Optionally, the transmit power allocated by the first device to UE#4 is p ₄ , the transmit power allocated by the first device to UE#5 is p ₅ , the transmit power allocated by the first device to UE#6 is p ₆ , and p ₄ +p ₅ +p ₆ ≤P/2.

Wherein, d ₄ =|h ₄ |·p ₄ , d ₅ =|h ₅ |·p ₅ , d ₆ =|h ₆ |·p ₆ . In the case of d ₄ =d ₅ =d ₆ , as shown in FIG12 , the 8 constellation symbol coordinates on the Q axis are arranged at even intervals, and the mapping relationship between the Q axis constellation symbol coordinates, d(b ₆ b ₅ b ₄ ), and the N _Q -bit symbol b ₆ b ₅ b ₄ is similar to the I axis constellation symbol coordinates in Table 1, and may be referred to Table 4, which will not be repeated here.

Exemplarily, in the case of d ₄ =1, d ₅ =1.2, d ₆ =1.4, FIG13 illustrates the arrangement positions of 8 constellation symbol coordinates on the Q axis. The mapping relationship between the Q axis constellation symbol coordinates, d(b ₃ b ₂ b ₁ ), and N _Q -bit symbols b ₆ b ₅ b ₄ can be specifically referred to in Table 4.

Table 4

b ₆ b ₅ b ₄

d(b ₆ b ₅ b ₄ )

Q-axis constellation symbol coordinates

000000	00	-7.00-7.00
001001	0.83330.8333	-5.33-5.33
010010	2.00002.0000	-3.00-3.00
011011	2.83332.8333	-1.34-1.34
100100	4.66674.6667	+2.34+2.34
101101	5.50005.5000	+4.00+4.00
110110	6.66676.6667	+6.34+6.34
111111	7.50007.5000	+8.00+8.00

Referring to Table 4, the intervals between 7 adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in Table 4 are respectively 1.67, 2.33, 1.66, 3.68, 1.66, 2.34, and 1.66.

Optionally, the parameters of the constellation diagram also include indication information of A corresponding constellation symbol coordinates on the first axis.

Optionally, the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis may include: indication information of non-uniform spacing arrangement or uniform spacing arrangement of the A constellation symbol coordinates, indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates, or indication information of the calculation method of the A constellation symbol coordinates, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

That is to say, each of the M terminal devices can generate A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis in the constellation diagram according to the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis in the first indication information.

Exemplarily, the protocol may stipulate that in the case where no indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis is received, the A constellation symbol coordinates are arranged at uniform intervals.

Optionally, the indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates may include one or more of the following: indication information of the input parameter d _k corresponding to each terminal device in the K1 terminal devices;

Optionally, the indication information of the input parameter d _k may be the interval range in which the input parameter d _k is located. For example, the protocol may agree on an index indicating the interval range in which the input parameter d _k is located, and then the first device may send the index to the terminal device, so that the terminal device may look up a table locally according to the index to determine the interval range in which the input parameter d _k is located. Exemplarily, index #1 may indicate that the input parameter d _k is within [0.95, 1.05], and the terminal device may use any value within [0.95, 1.05] as the input parameter d _k .

Of course, the index may also be negotiated in advance between the first device and the terminal device, and this embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

Alternatively, the indication information of the input parameter d _k corresponding to each terminal device may be a proportional relationship between the input parameters d _k corresponding to each terminal device. That is, the terminal device may determine the value in the above formula (5) according to the proportional relationship.

Then, the A constellation symbol coordinates can be determined by using the mapping relationship corresponding to formula (7), for example.

Optionally, each of the A-1 intervals may refer to: the interval between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates, such as the 7 corresponding intervals in Table 3: 1.82, 2.18, 1.82, 2.90, 1.82, 2.18, and 1.82. Exemplarily, the indication information of the A-1 intervals may be an index of the interval range in which each of the A-1 intervals is located.

Optionally, the indication information of the calculation method of the A constellation symbol coordinates may refer to:

and the mapping relationship between the M _I constellation symbol coordinates on the I axis (or the M _Q constellation symbol coordinates on the Q axis). The mapping relationship may be, for example, the mapping relationship corresponding to the above formula (7) or the mapping relationship corresponding to the above formula (8).

It can be understood that the indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates can implicitly indicate whether the A constellation symbol coordinates are arranged with uniform spacing or non-uniform spacing. For example, when it is indicated that the input parameters _dk corresponding to each terminal device in the K1 terminal devices are not all the same, it can be implicitly indicated that the A constellation symbol coordinates are arranged with non-uniform spacing. For another example, when it is indicated that the input parameters _dk corresponding to each terminal device in the K1 terminal devices are all the same, it can be implicitly indicated that the A constellation symbol coordinates are arranged with uniform spacing.

Optionally, the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis includes: K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices.

Optionally, the first indication information is also used to indicate that A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis are determined based on K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices.

Optionally, the parameters of the constellation diagram also include a mapping relationship between the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the second axis and the data of K2 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. The first axis and the second axis are orthogonal to each other. Exemplarily, if the first axis is the I axis, the second axis is the Q axis; if the first axis is the Q axis, the second axis is the I axis. N2 and K2 are both integers, N2≥K2, K2≥1, and M＞K2. It can be understood that for the terminal device carried on the first axis, since the corresponding N1-bit symbol on the first axis has a mapping relationship with the data of K1 terminal devices, and K1≥2, the corresponding N1-bit symbol on the first axis can carry the data of at least two terminal devices. For the terminal device carried on the second axis, since the corresponding N2-bit symbol on the second axis has a mapping relationship with the data of K2 terminal devices, and K2≥1, the corresponding N2-bit symbol on the second axis can only carry the data of one terminal device.

It should be understood that the setting of the second axis is similar to that of the first axis. For example, when the second axis is the I axis, there is a mapping relationship between the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis and the data of the K2 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. As described above, the number of symbol bits corresponding to the I axis is N _I , and the N2-bit symbol can be the N _I- bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the I axis (for example, b ₁ b ₂ b ₆ above, N1=N _I =3). The I axis corresponds to the first set. Since the first set includes K _I terminal devices, the K2 terminal devices can be the K _I terminal devices in the first set, and K2 can be equal to K _I. When the second axis is the Q axis, it is similar to the case where the second axis is the I axis and will not be repeated.

For another example, since the first indication information can be used to indicate the mapping relationship between the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the second axis and the data of K2 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, when the K2 terminal devices demodulate the superimposed modulation symbols according to the constellation diagram, the respective corresponding data can be determined according to the N2-bit symbol in the constellation symbol corresponding to the superimposed modulation symbol. Exemplarily, taking the first symbol in the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the data of the first terminal device among the K2 terminal devices (in order from left to right) as an example, assuming that the N2-bit symbol in the constellation symbol after demodulation is "011", or "010", or "001", the first terminal device can determine that the data it receives is "0".

For another example, the mapping relationship between the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the second axis and the data of K2 terminal devices among the M terminal devices can be: each bit symbol in the N2-bit symbol is mapped one-to-one to the data of each terminal device among the K2 terminal devices; or, multiple bits of the N2-bit symbol carry the data of one terminal device; or, some of the symbols in the N2-bit symbol can be multiple bits carrying the data of one terminal device, and one bit of another part of the symbols carries the data of one terminal device.

It should be understood that the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the second axis, the position of the N2-bit symbol in the constellation symbol, or the data mapping relationship between the N2-bit symbol and the K2 terminal devices, etc., can all be found in the relevant description about the first axis and will not be repeated here.

Optionally, the second axis corresponds to B constellation symbol coordinates. Wherein, in the case of K2≥2, there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings in the B constellation symbol coordinates, and B is an integer greater than or equal to 3. In other words, the B constellation symbol coordinates are arranged at non-uniform spacings, and thus the constellation points in the constellation diagram may be non-uniformly distributed in the direction where the second axis is located, which can increase the modulation performance of the superimposed modulation symbol relative to the uniform distribution of the constellation points.

It can be understood that the adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings in the B constellation symbol coordinates are similar to the corresponding A constellation symbol coordinates on the first axis. For details, please refer to the above description of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis, which will not be repeated here.

Optionally, the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates is determined based on K2 channel information and/or K2 transmit powers corresponding to the K2 terminal devices. The K2 transmit powers may be allocated by the first device. That is, since the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates is related to the channel and/or transmit power, the B constellation symbol coordinates may be adapted to the channel quality corresponding to different terminal devices, thereby increasing adaptability to different channel qualities.

It should be understood that since the method for determining the coordinates of B constellation symbols is the same as the method for determining the coordinates of A constellation symbols, reference may be made to the above description of the method for determining the coordinates of A constellation symbols, which will not be repeated here.

10 to 15 , the following describes how the I-Q two-path constellation diagram is synthesized by the I axis occupying the low-order bits and the Q axis occupying the high-order bits.

Exemplarily, FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a mapping relationship between constellation symbols and data of 6 terminal devices in a 64-QAM constellation diagram provided by an embodiment of the present application. As described in the relevant descriptions of FIG10 and FIG12, in FIG14, _d1 = _d2 = _d3 = _d4 = _d5 = _d6 , _and the 8 constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the I axis _{and the Q axis are arranged at uniform intervals. The 3-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol b6b5b4b3b2b1} _on _the I axis is _the last three bits (lower three bits) _b3b2b1 _, _and _the ₃ -bit symbol _b3b2b1 carries the data of UE# ₃ , UE#2 and UE _# ₁ . The 3-bit symbol corresponding to the _{constellation symbol b6b5b4b3b2b1} _on the Q axis is _the first _three bits (higher three bits) _b6b5b4 , _and the 3-bit symbol _b6b5b4 carries the data of UE _# 6, UE# ₅ and UE# ₄ .

Exemplarily, Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the mapping relationship between constellation symbols and data of 6 terminal devices in another 64-QAM constellation diagram provided in an embodiment of the present application. As described in the relevant descriptions of Figures 11 and 13, since _d1 = 1, _d2 = 1.1, _d3 = 1.2, _d4 = 1, _d5 = 1.2, _d6 = 1.4, Figure 15 is different from the constellation diagram in Figure 14, and the 8 constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the I axis and the Q axis in Figure 15 are arranged at non-uniform intervals.

Optionally, the parameters of the constellation diagram also include indication information of B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis. The indication information of the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis may include: indication information of non-uniform spacing arrangement or uniform spacing arrangement of the B constellation symbol coordinates, indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates, or indication information of the calculation method of the B constellation symbol coordinates, etc., which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

That is to say, each of the M terminal devices may generate B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis in the constellation diagram according to the indication information of the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis in the first indication information.

Exemplarily, the protocol may stipulate that in the absence of receiving indication information of the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis, the B constellation symbol coordinates are arranged at uniform intervals.

Optionally, the indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates may include: indication information of the input parameter d _k corresponding to each terminal device in the K2 terminal devices;

or, indication information of B-1 spacings in B constellation symbol coordinates.

Then, the B constellation symbol coordinates can be determined by using, for example, the mapping relationship corresponding to formula (7).

Optionally, the indication information of the calculation method of the B constellation symbol coordinates may refer to:

It can be understood that the indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates can implicitly indicate whether the B constellation symbol coordinates are arranged with uniform spacing or non-uniform spacing. For example, when it is indicated that the input parameters _dk corresponding to each terminal device in the K2 terminal devices are not all the same, it can be implicitly indicated that the B constellation symbol coordinates are arranged with non-uniform spacing. For another example, when it is indicated that the input parameters _dk corresponding to each terminal device in the K2 terminal devices are all the same, it can be implicitly indicated that the B constellation symbol coordinates are arranged with uniform spacing.

Optionally, the indication information of the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis includes: K2 channel information and/or K2 transmit powers corresponding to K2 terminal devices. The first indication information is further used to indicate that the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis are determined according to the K2 channel information and/or K2 transmit powers corresponding to the K2 terminal devices. Exemplarily, the terminal device directly calculates the input parameter d _k according to the K2 channel information and/or K2 transmit powers corresponding to the K2 terminal devices, thereby obtaining the B constellation symbol coordinates.

Optionally, the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is different from the transmission power of the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the second axis. The second axis is orthogonal to the first axis, and N2 is an integer greater than or equal to 1. That is, the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is different from the transmission power of the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the second axis, which can be considered that the transmission power of the I path in the first device is different from the transmission power of the Q path. In other words, the first device does not need to evenly distribute the transmission power to the I path and the Q path.

Optionally, the ratio between the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis and the transmission power of the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the second axis is a first ratio. The first ratio is the ratio between the number of terminal devices carried by the N1-bit symbol and the number of terminal devices carried by the N2-bit symbol. The first ratio can be determined by formula (9). Formula (9) is as follows:

_PN1 : _PN2 =K1:K2 Formula (9)

In formula (9), _PN1 may represent the transmission power of the corresponding N1-bit symbol on the first axis, _PN2 may represent the transmission power of the corresponding N2-bit symbol on the second axis, _PN1 : _PN2 represents the first ratio, K1 represents the number of terminal devices carried by the N1-bit symbol, and K2 represents the number of terminal devices carried by the N2-bit symbol.

Exemplarily, the first axis is the I axis and the second axis is the Q axis. As shown in FIG7 and FIG8 , the I axis and the Q axis each correspond to a 2-bit symbol. If the I axis is assigned to two terminal devices and the Q axis is assigned to one terminal device, then _PN1 : _PN2 = 2:1. As shown in FIG9 , the 16-QAM modulation constellation diagram, the I axis corresponds to a 3-bit symbol and the Q axis corresponds to a 1-bit symbol. The Q axis can only be assigned to one terminal device. If the I axis is assigned to three terminal devices, then _PN1 : _PN2 = 3:1.

For step S602:

Optionally, the first indication information may be carried by RRC signaling, MAC layer signaling, or DCI, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

Optionally, as shown in FIG6 , the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes:

S603: The first device generates positions of constellation symbols in a constellation diagram.

In a possible implementation, the first device generates the position of the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram according to the information of each terminal device among the M terminal devices, wherein the information of each terminal device among the M terminal devices may include channel information corresponding to each terminal device.

It should be understood that when the first device completes generating the position of the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram, the first device may also complete generating the first indication information at the same time, that is, step S601 and step 603 may be performed simultaneously. Of course, the first device may also first generate the position of the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram, and then generate the first indication information, that is, step S603 may be performed before step S601; or, the first device may also first generate the first indication information, and then generate the position of the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram, that is, step S603 may be performed after step S601, and the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

S604: The first device modulates the data of the M terminal devices according to the position of the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram and the first indication information to obtain a superimposed modulation symbol, and sends the superimposed modulation symbol to the M terminal devices. Accordingly, each of the M terminal devices receives the superimposed modulation symbol from the first device.

Exemplarily, FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a module framework of a modulation method of superimposed modulation symbols provided in an embodiment of the present application. Among them, as shown in FIG16, the first device can obtain the channel information corresponding to each terminal device in the M terminal devices according to the channel estimation, and generate a constellation diagram according to the channel information of each terminal device to obtain a constellation diagram for modulating the data of the M terminal devices. The first device performs channel encoding on the data (e.g., a bit data stream) of each terminal device in the M terminal devices, obtains the encoded data of each terminal device, and performs constellation mapping, that is, maps the encoded data to different symbol bits in the constellation symbol according to the mapping relationship indicated in the first indication information, thereby obtaining superimposed modulation symbols. Among them, the superimposed modulation symbols can be transmitted by the antenna after OFDM processing.

S605. Each of the M terminal devices generates a position of a constellation symbol in a constellation diagram.

Optionally, in an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may generate the position of the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram according to a pre-agreed agreement; or, the terminal device may generate the position of the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram according to the first indication information. The parameters of the constellation diagram indicated by the first indication information also include indication information of A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis, and/or indication information of B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis. The indication information of A constellation symbol coordinates can be used to determine the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis, and the indication information of B constellation symbol coordinates can be used to determine the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis. It can be understood that, as described above (for example, the constellation diagrams shown in Figures 14 and 15), A constellation symbol coordinates can be used to determine the position arrangement of the constellation symbol in the direction of the first axis, and B constellation symbol coordinates can be used to determine the position arrangement of the constellation symbol in the direction of the second axis.

It can be understood that when the terminal device generates the position of the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram according to the first indication information, step S605 can be performed after S602.

It should be understood that step S605 may be performed before or after step S604, and this embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

S606. Each of the M terminal devices demodulates the superimposed modulation symbols from the first device according to the first indication information and the position of the constellation symbols in the constellation diagram.

Exemplarily, the demodulation of superimposed modulation symbols by terminal device #i among M terminal devices is taken as an example for explanation. Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of the module framework of a demodulation method for superimposed modulation symbols provided in an embodiment of the present application. Among them, as shown in Figure 17, terminal device #i can generate a constellation diagram according to the first indication information to obtain a constellation diagram for demodulating superimposed modulation symbols, and then determine the position of the constellation symbol in the constellation diagram. Terminal device #i performs OFDM processing on the signal received via the antenna to obtain the superimposed modulation symbol from the first device, and performs inverse mapping of the constellation diagram, that is, judging the constellation point corresponding to the received superimposed modulation symbol according to the generated constellation diagram, and determining the constellation symbol corresponding to the constellation point according to the mapping rule between the constellation point and the constellation symbol, and then extracting the corresponding symbol in the constellation symbol as the encoded data of terminal device #i according to the mapping relationship indicated by the first indication information. The bit data stream of terminal device #i can be obtained after channel decoding of the encoded data of terminal device #i.

Optionally, when the parameters of the constellation diagram indicated by the first indication information also include: indication information of A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis, and/or indication information of B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis, the method provided in the embodiment of the present application further includes: the first device sends a second indication information to M terminal devices, and the second indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the updated constellation diagram, and the parameters of the updated constellation diagram include: indication information of the updated A constellation symbol coordinates, and/or indication information of the updated B constellation symbol coordinates. Correspondingly, one or more terminal devices among the M terminal devices receive the second indication information from the first device. Among them, the second indication information may be determined according to the updated channel information and/or transmit power corresponding to the terminal device. It can be understood that since the M terminal devices may be mobile, or the environment of wireless signal transmission may change dynamically, the channel information and/or transmit power corresponding to the terminal device will also change accordingly. When the channel information and/or transmit power change, if the superimposed symbols are modulated and demodulated with the previous constellation diagram, the performance of the terminal device in demodulating the superimposed modulation symbols will be reduced.

It should be understood that the indication information of the above-mentioned updated A constellation symbol coordinates may include: indication information that the A constellation symbol coordinates are updated to be arranged with non-uniform spacing or uniform spacing, indication information after the updated spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates, or indication information of the calculation method after the update of the A constellation symbol coordinates, etc. For details, please refer to the relevant instructions on the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates in the above-mentioned step S601.

Similarly, the indication information of the above-mentioned updated B constellation symbol coordinates may include: indication information that the B constellation symbol coordinates are arranged with non-uniform spacing or uniform spacing after updating, indication information after the updated spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates, or indication information of the calculation method after the update of the B constellation symbol coordinates, etc. For details, please refer to the relevant instructions on the indication information of the B constellation symbol coordinates in the above-mentioned step S601, which will not be repeated here.

Optionally, the second indication information may be carried by RRC signaling, MAC layer signaling, or DCI, which is not specifically limited in the embodiments of the present application.

Among them, in an embodiment of the present application, when the first device is a network device, the actions of the first device in the above steps S601 to S606 can be performed by the processor 511 in the network device 510 shown in Figure 5 calling the application code stored in the memory 512 to instruct the network device 510 to execute; when the first device is a terminal device, the actions of the first device in the above steps S601 to S606 can be performed by the processor 501 in the terminal device 500 shown in Figure 5 calling the application code stored in the memory 502 to instruct the terminal device 500 to execute, and this embodiment does not impose any restrictions on this.

Among them, in an embodiment of the present application, the actions of the terminal device in the above steps S601 to S606 can be performed by the processor 501 in the terminal device 500 shown in Figure 5 calling the application code stored in the memory 502 to instruct the terminal device 500 to execute, and the embodiment of the present application does not impose any restrictions on this.

The above mainly introduces the scheme provided by the embodiment of the present application from the perspective of interaction between various network elements. Accordingly, the embodiment of the present application also provides a communication device, which is used to implement the above various methods. The communication device can be the first network device in the above method embodiment, or a device including the above first network device, or a component that can be used for the first network device; or, the communication device can be the terminal device in the above method embodiment, or a device including the above terminal device, or a component that can be used for the terminal device. It can be understood that in order to implement the above functions, the communication device includes a hardware structure and/or software module corresponding to each function. It should be easy for those skilled in the art to realize that, in combination with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in the embodiment disclosed in this article, the present application can be implemented in the form of hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software. Whether a function is executed in the form of hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to exceed the scope of the present application.

The embodiment of the present application can divide the functional modules of the communication device according to the above method embodiment. For example, each functional module can be divided according to each function, or two or more functions can be integrated into one processing module. The above integrated module can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. It should be understood that the division of modules in the embodiment of the present application is schematic and is only a logical function division. There may be other division methods in actual implementation.

For example, taking the communication device as the first device in the above method embodiment, FIG18 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a first device 180. The first device 180 includes a transceiver module 1801 and a processing module 1802. The transceiver module 1801, which may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, is used to implement a transceiver function, and may be, for example, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.

Among them, the processing module 1802 is used to generate the first indication information, which is used to indicate the parameters of the constellation diagram, and the constellation diagram includes constellation symbols used to modulate and demodulate the data of the M terminal devices, the i-th symbol in the constellation symbol carries the data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices, and the parameters of the constellation diagram include the mapping relationship between the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and the data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, M, N1 and K1 are all positive integers, N1≥K1, K1≥2, M＞K1; the transceiver module 1801 is used to send the first indication information to the M terminal devices.

In some embodiments, the constellation diagram includes an I axis and a Q axis, wherein the first axis is the I axis or the Q axis.

In some embodiments, the M terminal devices include a first set corresponding to the I axis and a second set corresponding to the Q axis, wherein the first set includes one or more terminal devices among the M terminal devices, and the second set includes one or more terminal devices among the M terminal devices except the first set.

In some embodiments, the parameters of the constellation diagram may also include indication information of K _I terminal devices in the first set and/or indication information of K _Q terminal devices in the second set.

In some embodiments, the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is determined by the transmission power of the first terminal device among the K1 terminal devices, wherein the first terminal device may be the terminal device with the worst channel quality among the K1 terminal devices.

In some embodiments, the first axis corresponds to A constellation symbol coordinates, wherein there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings in the A constellation symbol coordinates, and A is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

In some embodiments, the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates is determined based on K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices.

In some embodiments, the parameters of the constellation diagram also include indication information of the corresponding A constellation symbol coordinates on the first axis.

In some embodiments, the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis may include one or more of the following: indication information of non-uniform spacing arrangement or uniform spacing arrangement of the A constellation symbol coordinates; indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates; or indication information of the calculation method of the A constellation symbol coordinates.

In some embodiments, the indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates may include one or more of the following: indication information of the input parameter d _k corresponding to each terminal device in the K1 terminal devices;

In some embodiments, the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis includes: K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices.

In some embodiments, the first indication information is also used to indicate that A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis are determined based on K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to K1 terminal devices.

In some embodiments, the parameters of the constellation diagram further include a mapping relationship between N2 bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the second axis and data of K2 terminal devices among the M terminal devices. The first axis and the second axis are orthogonal to each other. N2 and K2 are both integers, N2≥K2, K2≥1, M＞K2.

In some embodiments, the second axis corresponds to B constellation symbol coordinates. Wherein, in the case of K2≥2, there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings in the B constellation symbol coordinates. B is an integer greater than or equal to 3.

In some embodiments, the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates is determined based on K2 channel information and/or K2 transmission powers corresponding to the K2 terminal devices.

In some embodiments, the parameters of the constellation diagram also include indication information of the corresponding B constellation symbol coordinates on the second axis.

In some embodiments, the indication information of the B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis may include one or more of the following: indication information of non-uniform spacing arrangement or uniform spacing arrangement of the B constellation symbol coordinates; indication information of the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the B constellation symbol coordinates; or, indication information of the calculation method of the B constellation symbol coordinates.

In some embodiments, the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is different from the transmission power of the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the second axis, wherein the second axis is orthogonal to the first axis, and N2 is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1801 is further used to send second indication information to the M terminal devices. The second indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the updated constellation diagram. The parameters of the updated constellation diagram include: indication information of the updated A constellation symbol coordinates, and/or indication information of the updated B constellation symbol coordinates.

Among them, all relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module, and will not be repeated here.

In the embodiment of the present application, the first device 180 is presented in the form of dividing various functional modules in an integrated manner. The "module" here may refer to a specific ASIC, a circuit, a processor and a memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and/or other devices that can provide the above functions.

In some embodiments, when the first device 180 is a network device, in terms of hardware implementation, those skilled in the art may conceive that the first device 180 may take the form of the network device 510 shown in FIG. 5 .

As an example, the function/implementation process of the processing module 1802 in FIG18 can be implemented by the processor 511 in the network device 510 shown in FIG5 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 512. The function/implementation process of the transceiver module 1801 in FIG18 can be implemented by the transceiver 513 in the network device 510 shown in FIG5.

In some embodiments, when the first device 180 is a terminal device, in terms of hardware implementation, those skilled in the art may conceive that the first device 180 may take the form of the terminal device 500 shown in FIG. 5 .

As an example, the function/implementation process of the processing module 1802 in FIG18 can be implemented by the processor 501 in the terminal device 500 shown in FIG5 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 502. The function/implementation process of the transceiver module 1801 in FIG18 can be implemented by the transceiver 503 in the terminal device 500 shown in FIG5.

Since the first device 180 provided in the embodiment of the present application can execute the above-mentioned uplink communication method, the technical effects that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

Alternatively, for example, taking the communication device as the terminal device in the above method embodiment as an example, FIG19 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of a terminal device 190. The terminal device 190 includes a transceiver module 1901 and a processing module 1902. The transceiver module 1901, which may also be referred to as a transceiver unit, is used to implement a transceiver function, and may be, for example, a transceiver circuit, a transceiver, a transceiver or a communication interface.

The transceiver module 1901 is used to receive first indication information from the first device, and the first indication information is used to indicate the parameters of the constellation diagram. The constellation diagram includes a constellation symbol for modulating and demodulating the data of the M terminal devices, the i-th symbol in the constellation symbol carries the data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices, and the parameters of the constellation diagram include a mapping relationship between the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on the first axis and the data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, M, N1 and K1 are all positive integers, N1≥K1, K1≥2, and M＞K1.

In some embodiments, the transceiver module 1901 is further used to receive second indication information from the first device. The second indication information is used to indicate parameters of the updated constellation diagram. The parameters of the updated constellation diagram include: indication information of updated A constellation symbol coordinates, and/or indication information of updated B constellation symbol coordinates.

In the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device 190 is presented in the form of dividing each functional module in an integrated manner. The "module" here can refer to a specific ASIC, circuit, processor and memory that executes one or more software or firmware programs, integrated logic circuit, and/or other devices that can provide the above functions. In a simple embodiment, those skilled in the art can imagine that the terminal device 190 can take the form of a terminal device 500 shown in Figure 5.

As an example, the function/implementation process of the transceiver module 1901 in FIG19 can be implemented by the transceiver 503 in the terminal device 500 shown in FIG5. The function/implementation process of the processing module 1902 in FIG19 can be implemented by the processor 501 in the terminal device 500 shown in FIG5 calling the computer execution instructions stored in the memory 502.

In some embodiments, when the terminal device 190 in Figure 19 is a chip or a chip system, the function/implementation process of the transceiver module 1901 can be implemented through the input and output interface (or communication interface) of the chip or the chip system, and the function/implementation process of the processing module 1902 can be implemented through the processor (or processing circuit) of the chip or the chip system.

Since the terminal device 190 provided in this embodiment can execute the above-mentioned communication method, the technical effects and related implementations that can be obtained can refer to the above-mentioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

It should be understood that one or more of the above modules or units can be implemented by software, hardware or a combination of the two. When any of the above modules or units is implemented in software, the software exists in the form of computer program instructions and is stored in a memory, and the processor can be used to execute the program instructions and implement the above method flow. The processor can be built into an SoC (system on chip) or an ASIC, or it can be an independent semiconductor chip. In addition to the core used to execute software instructions for calculation or processing in the processor, it can further include necessary hardware accelerators, such as field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), PLDs (programmable logic devices), or logic circuits that implement dedicated logic operations.

When the above modules or units are implemented in hardware, the hardware can be any one or any combination of a CPU, a microprocessor, a digital signal processing (DSP) chip, a microcontroller unit (MCU), an artificial intelligence processor, an ASIC, a SoC, an FPGA, a PLD, a dedicated digital circuit, a hardware accelerator or a non-integrated discrete device, which can run the necessary software or not rely on the software to execute the above method flow.

Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device (for example, the communication device may be a chip or a chip system), the communication device including a processor for implementing the method in any of the above method embodiments. In one possible design, the communication device also includes a memory. The memory is used to store necessary program instructions and data, and the processor can call the program code stored in the memory to instruct the communication device to execute the method in any of the above method embodiments. Of course, the memory may not be in the communication device. When the communication device is a chip system, it may be composed of a chip, or it may include chips and other discrete devices, which is not specifically limited in the embodiment of the present application.

Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program or instruction, and when the computer-readable storage medium is run on a communication device, the communication device can execute the method described in any of the above method embodiments or any of its implementation methods.

Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication method, which includes the method described in any of the above method embodiments or any of its implementations.

Optionally, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication system, which includes the first device described in the above method embodiment and the terminal device described in the above method embodiment.

In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using a software program, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function according to the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website site, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (digital subscriber line, DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website site, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, etc. that contains one or more servers that can be integrated with the medium. Available media can be magnetic media (e.g., floppy disks, hard disks, tapes), optical media (e.g., DVDs), or semiconductor media (e.g., solid state disks (SSDs)), etc.

Although the present application is described herein in conjunction with various embodiments, in the process of implementing the claimed application, those skilled in the art may understand and implement other variations of the disclosed embodiments by viewing the drawings, the disclosure, and the appended claims. In the claims, the word "comprising" does not exclude other components or steps, and "one" or "an" does not exclude multiple situations. A single processor or other unit may implement several functions listed in a claim. Certain measures are recorded in different dependent claims, but this does not mean that these measures cannot be combined to produce good results.

Although the present application has been described in conjunction with specific features and embodiments thereof, it is obvious that various modifications and combinations may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Accordingly, this specification and the drawings are merely exemplary illustrations of the present application as defined by the appended claims, and are deemed to have covered any and all modifications, variations, combinations or equivalents within the scope of the present application. Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various modifications and variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

A communication method, characterized in that the method comprises:

The first device generates first indication information, where the first indication information is used to indicate parameters of a constellation diagram, where the constellation diagram includes constellation symbols for modulating and demodulating data of M terminal devices, where an i-th symbol in the constellation symbol carries data of a j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices, and where the parameters of the constellation diagram include a mapping relationship between an N1-bit symbol corresponding to the constellation symbol on a first axis and data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, where M, N1, and K1 are all positive integers, N1≥K1, K1≥2, and M＞K1;

The first device sends the first indication information to the M terminal devices.
The method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the first axis corresponds to A constellation symbol coordinates, there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings in the A constellation symbol coordinates, and A is an integer greater than or equal to 3.
The method according to claim 2 is characterized in that the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates is determined based on K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to the K1 terminal devices.
The method according to any one of claims 1-3 is characterized in that the parameters of the constellation diagram also include indication information of A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis.
The method according to claim 4 is characterized in that the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis includes: K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission power corresponding to the K1 terminal devices.
The method according to any one of claims 1-5 is characterized in that the parameters of the constellation diagram also include a mapping relationship between N2-bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the second axis and data of K2 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, wherein the first axis and the second axis are orthogonal to each other, N2 and K2 are both integers, N2≥K2, K2≥1, and M＞K2.
The method according to claim 6 is characterized in that the second axis corresponds to B constellation symbol coordinates, wherein, when K2≥2, there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings in the B constellation symbol coordinates, and B is an integer greater than or equal to 3.
The method according to claim 6 or 7 is characterized in that the parameters of the constellation diagram also include indication information of B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis.
The method according to any one of claims 1-8 is characterized in that the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is different from the transmission power of the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the second axis, the second axis is orthogonal to the first axis, and N2 is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the parameters of the constellation diagram further include: indication information of A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis, and/or indication information of B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis, and the method further includes:

The first device sends second indication information to M terminal devices, and the second indication information is used to indicate parameters of an updated constellation diagram, and the parameters of the updated constellation diagram include: indication information of the updated A constellation symbol coordinates, and/or indication information of the updated B constellation symbol coordinates.
A communication method, characterized in that the method comprises:

A terminal device receives first indication information from a first device, where the first indication information is used to indicate parameters of a constellation diagram, where the constellation diagram includes constellation symbols for modulating and demodulating data of M terminal devices, where the i-th symbol in the constellation symbol carries data of the j-th terminal device among the M terminal devices, and where the parameters of the constellation diagram include a mapping relationship between N1-bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on a first axis and data of K1 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, where the terminal device is one of the M terminal devices, where M, N1 and K1 are all positive integers, where N1≥K1, K1≥2, and M＞K1.
The method according to claim 11 is characterized in that the first axis corresponds to A constellation symbol coordinates, there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings in the A constellation symbol coordinates, and A is an integer greater than or equal to 3.
The method according to claim 12 is characterized in that the spacing between adjacent constellation symbol coordinates in the A constellation symbol coordinates is determined based on K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission powers corresponding to the K1 terminal devices.
The method according to any one of claims 11-13 is characterized in that the parameters of the constellation diagram also include indication information of A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis.
The method according to claim 14 is characterized in that the indication information of the A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis includes: K1 channel information and/or K1 transmission power corresponding to the K1 terminal devices.
The method according to any one of claims 11-15 is characterized in that the parameters of the constellation diagram also include a mapping relationship between N2-bit symbols corresponding to the constellation symbol on the second axis and data of K2 terminal devices among the M terminal devices, wherein the first axis and the second axis are orthogonal to each other, N2 and K2 are both integers, N2≥K2, K2≥1, and M＞K2.
The method according to claim 16 is characterized in that the second axis corresponds to B constellation symbol coordinates, wherein, when K2≥2, there are adjacent constellation symbol coordinates with different spacings in the B constellation symbol coordinates, and B is an integer greater than or equal to 3.
The method according to claim 16 or 17 is characterized in that the parameters of the constellation diagram also include indication information of B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis.
The method according to any one of claims 11-18 is characterized in that the transmission power of the N1-bit symbol corresponding to the first axis is different from the transmission power of the N2-bit symbol corresponding to the second axis, the second axis is orthogonal to the first axis, and N2 is an integer greater than or equal to 1.
The method according to any one of claims 11 to 19, characterized in that the parameters of the constellation diagram further include: indication information of A constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the first axis, and/or indication information of B constellation symbol coordinates corresponding to the second axis, and the method further includes:

The terminal device receives second indication information from the first device, and the second indication information is used to indicate parameters of an updated constellation diagram, and the parameters of the updated constellation diagram include: indication information of the updated A constellation symbol coordinates, and/or indication information of the updated B constellation symbol coordinates.
A communication device, characterized in that the communication device is used to execute the communication method as described in any one of claims 1-10.
A communication device, characterized in that the communication device is used to execute the communication method as described in any one of claims 11-20.
A communication device, comprising:

A processor, the processor being coupled to a memory; the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory so that the communication device executes a communication method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or so that the communication device executes a communication method as described in any one of claims 11 to 20.
A communication device, comprising:

A processor and an interface circuit; wherein the interface circuit is used to receive code instructions and transmit them to the processor;

The processor is used to run the code instructions so that the communication device executes the communication method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, or the communication device executes the communication method according to any one of claims 11 to 20.
A communication device, characterized in that the communication device includes a processor and a transceiver, the transceiver is used for information exchange between the communication device and other communication devices, and the processor executes program instructions so that the communication device executes the communication method described in any one of claims 1-10, or the communication device executes the communication method described in any one of claims 11-20.
A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium includes a computer program or instructions, which, when executed on a computer, causes the computer to execute the communication method described in any one of claims 1 to 10, or causes the computer to execute the communication method described in any one of claims 11 to 20.
A chip system, characterized in that it comprises: at least one processor and an interface, wherein the at least one processor is coupled to a memory via the interface, and when the at least one processor executes a computer program or instruction in the memory, the method described in any one of claims 1 to 10 is executed; or, the method described in any one of claims 11 to 20 is executed.