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WO2024188181A1 - Surgical instrument - Google Patents

Surgical instrument Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2024188181A1
WO2024188181A1 PCT/CN2024/080793 CN2024080793W WO2024188181A1 WO 2024188181 A1 WO2024188181 A1 WO 2024188181A1 CN 2024080793 W CN2024080793 W CN 2024080793W WO 2024188181 A1 WO2024188181 A1 WO 2024188181A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
surgical instrument
tool assembly
nail magazine
engaging
operating member
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2024/080793
Other languages
French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
丁水澄
Original Assignee
天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN202310631442.5A external-priority patent/CN118614977A/en
Priority claimed from CN202321358356.3U external-priority patent/CN220158315U/en
Application filed by 天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司 filed Critical 天臣国际医疗科技股份有限公司
Publication of WO2024188181A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024188181A1/en

Links

Classifications

    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B17/00Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
    • A61B17/068Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps
    • A61B17/072Surgical staplers, e.g. containing multiple staples or clamps for applying a row of staples in a single action, e.g. the staples being applied simultaneously
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61BDIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
    • A61B90/00Instruments, implements or accessories specially adapted for surgery or diagnosis and not covered by any of the groups A61B1/00 - A61B50/00, e.g. for luxation treatment or for protecting wound edges

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular, to a surgical instrument for stapling (and cutting) tissues during surgery.
  • a surgical instrument In some surgical operations, it is necessary to use a surgical instrument to apply the nails in the nail cartridge of the tool assembly to the tissue and cause the nails to be formed under the guidance of the nail anvil of the tool assembly to tighten the patient's tissue. Some surgical instruments allow the tool assembly to be detached therefrom so that it can be used multiple times by replacing the tool assembly.
  • the firing piece of the tool assembly needs to be connected to the firing mechanism of the surgical instrument so that the tool assembly can be fired by the firing mechanism.
  • the connection between the firing piece and the firing mechanism needs to be disconnected.
  • the surgical instrument includes: an action member, which is movable in the distal-proximal direction, and a clamping portion is provided at its distal end, and the firing member includes a matching portion, wherein the clamping portion is configured to be clamped with the matching portion, so that the firing member moves with the action member in the distal-proximal direction; and a coupling operating member, including a pressing portion, wherein when the coupling operating member is operated, the pressing portion presses the action member to cause the distal end of the action member to deviate, so that the distal end of the action member avoids the firing member moving in the proximal direction, or the matching portion is disengaged from the clamping portion; after the coupling operating member is released, the distal end of the action member is reset, so that the clamping portion can be clamped with the matching portion.
  • the engagement operating member further includes a stop portion
  • the nail magazine further includes a limiting portion
  • the stop portion is constructed to engage with the limiting portion to prevent the nail magazine from being separated from the engagement operating member by moving toward the distal direction, wherein when the engagement operating member is operated, the stop portion is offset so that the stop portion avoids the nail magazine moving toward the proximal direction, or the stop portion is disengaged from the limiting portion; after the engagement operating member is released, the stop portion is reset and can engage with the limiting portion.
  • the coupling operating member is rotatably supported around a pivot axis, and the pressing portion and the stop portion are respectively located on both sides of the pivot axis, wherein when the coupling operating member is operated, the coupling operating member rotates around the pivot axis so that the engaging portion and the stop portion move away from each other.
  • the surgical instrument also includes a compression spring, which is mounted on the pressing portion, wherein the length of the compression spring when not compressed is greater than the length of the pressing portion, so that when the engaging operating member is not operated, the two ends of the compression spring respectively press the acting member and the engaging operating member.
  • the surgical instrument further includes a housing, one of the housing and the engaging operating member is provided with a shaft portion and the other is provided with a pivot portion, the shaft portion defines a pivot axis, and the pivot portion is pivotably supported by the shaft portion.
  • the working member includes two snap-fitting parts, which are located at the distal end of the working member and respectively on both sides of the working member in the height direction, and each snap-fitting part is a protrusion protruding in the height direction;
  • the firing member is provided with two matching parts respectively corresponding to the two snap-fitting parts, and each matching part is a recessed part adapted to a corresponding snap-fitting part.
  • the stopper is a clamping block
  • the limiting portion is a clamping groove or a clamping hole matched with the clamping block.
  • the surgical instrument further includes a shell, an insertion portion is provided at the proximal end of the nail magazine, and a receiving portion adapted to the insertion portion is provided at the distal end of the shell, wherein the receiving portion is configured to be inserted by the insertion portion to support the nail magazine.
  • the surgical instrument also includes a bracket, which is movably supported by the shell in the distal-proximal direction, and the bracket includes a frame portion at least partially exposed outside the shell.
  • the tool assembly also includes an anvil and a sliding column fixed to the anvil, and the sliding column can be slidably inserted in a slide channel defined by the nail magazine.
  • the anvil is constructed to be fixed to the frame portion and face the nail magazine.
  • the surgical instrument further includes a trigger, and the actuating member is transmission-connected to the trigger, so that the actuating member can be driven by the trigger to move in a distal direction.
  • the tool assembly further includes a cutter, which is disposed in the nail magazine.
  • the cutter is ejected from the nail magazine.
  • the nail magazine is pushed out, wherein the cutter is transmission-connected with the firing member so that the cutter moves along with the firing member in the far-near direction.
  • the surgical instrument also includes: a bracket, which is located on one side of the active member and is movable in the distal-proximal direction, and is configured to switch the tool assembly from an open state to a closed state by moving in the proximal direction; and a tension spring, one end of which is fixed to the bracket and the other end is fixed to the active member.
  • the present disclosure also provides a tool assembly, which is suitable for being arranged on a surgical instrument.
  • the surgical instrument includes an action member and a coupling operating member, the distal end of the action member is provided with a clamping portion, and the coupling operating member includes a pressing portion.
  • the tool assembly includes: a nail magazine, which is configured to store a plurality of nails; and a firing member, which is placed in the nail magazine and is configured to push the plurality of nails out of the nail magazine in a distal direction to fire the tool assembly, and includes a matching portion, which is configured to be clamped with the clamping portion so that the firing member moves along with the action member in a distal-proximal direction, wherein when the coupling operating member is operated, the pressing portion presses the action member to cause the distal end of the action member to deviate, so that the distal end of the action member avoids the firing member moving in a proximal direction, or the coupling portion is disengaged from the clamping portion; after the coupling operating member is released, the distal end of the action member is reset so that the clamping portion can be clamped with the matching portion.
  • the tool assembly can be relatively conveniently and quickly installed on or removed from the surgical instrument.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram showing the internal structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 3 is another schematic structural diagram showing the internal structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram showing the internal structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram showing the internal structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a moving part according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 7 is an exploded schematic diagram of the moving parts in FIG. 6 .
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the moving part in FIG. 6 observed from another viewing direction.
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram showing the fine-tuning mechanism and housing of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram showing the firing mechanism of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 11 is another schematic structural diagram showing the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 12 is another schematic structural diagram showing the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 13 is another schematic structural diagram showing the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a pusher of the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the pusher in FIG. 14 as viewed from another perspective.
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram showing a portion of the housing of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
  • FIG17 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG16.
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation process between the legs and the guide member when the pusher in FIG. 14 moves in the distal direction.
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation process between the legs and the guide member when the pusher in FIG. 14 moves in the proximal direction.
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the push member in FIG. 14 and the spring piece placed in the placement groove thereof.
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of the distal end portion of the action member of the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 after the tool assembly is removed.
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic exploded view of the tool assembly of FIG. 22 .
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the tool assembly, the working member and the engaging operating member in FIG. 22 .
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the tool assembly, the action member and the engagement operating member in FIG. 22 .
  • FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram showing a portion of a surgical instrument according to a variation of the present disclosure.
  • the present disclosure provides a surgical instrument 10, which can switch a tool assembly 20 provided thereon from an open state to a closed state, and can fire the tool assembly 20.
  • the surgical instrument 10 may include a housing 11, a trigger 12, an actuating mechanism 13, a fine adjustment mechanism 14, and a trigger 15. Structure 14 and firing mechanism 15.
  • the tool assembly 20 includes a nail magazine 21 and a nail anvil 22.
  • the nails to be formed are stored in the nail magazine 21.
  • a knife for cutting tissue can also be stored in the nail magazine 21.
  • the tool assembly 20 can be arranged at the distal end of the surgical instrument 10.
  • the term “near” can be used to roughly indicate the end, side or part of an element (device, component or part) that is closer to the doctor; the term “far” can be used to roughly indicate the end, side or part of an element that is farther from the doctor.
  • the arrow X+ can be used to indicate the far side of the far-near direction, and the arrow X- can be used to indicate the near side of the far-near direction.
  • the housing 11 may define a handle 111 configured to be held by a doctor.
  • the housing 11 may be composed of a pair of half shells 11-1, 11-2.
  • the pair of half shells 11-1, 11-2 may be detachably assembled together to form a substantially closed interior space.
  • the trigger 12 is configured to be operated by a doctor and is configured to be displaced between its initial position and its final position.
  • the trigger 12 may be pivotally supported by the housing 11 so as to be able to move between its initial position and its final position.
  • the trigger 12 is located at an initial position with a large spacing from the handle 111.
  • the trigger 12 is located at a final position with a small spacing from the handle 111.
  • the initial position and the final position of a component are not necessarily two relative extreme positions within the movable range of the component.
  • the surgical instrument 10 may further include a reset member 121, which is configured to reset the trigger 12 to its initial position.
  • the reset member 121 may be a tension spring 121, one end of which may be connected to the trigger 12 and the other end of which may be connected to a boss disposed on the inner surface of the housing 11.
  • the actuating mechanism 13 is configured to cause the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 to move relative to each other under the drive of the trigger 12, so as to switch the tool assembly 20 from the first state to the second state, thereby shortening the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22. That is, when the tool assembly 20 is in the first state, the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is large; when the tool assembly 20 is in the second state, the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is small.
  • the tool assembly 20 is in the first state, and the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is D 1 .
  • FIG. 3 the tool assembly 20 is in the second state, and the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is D 2 , and D 1 is greater than D 2 .
  • the fine-tuning mechanism 14 may include a fine-tuning operating member 141, and the fine-tuning operating member 141 is configured to be operated by a doctor.
  • the fine-tuning mechanism 14 may be configured such that when the tool assembly 20 is in the second state, as the fine-tuning operating member 141 is operated, the fine-tuning mechanism 14 fine-adjusts the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 to further shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22.
  • the fine-tuning mechanism 14 will gradually (or continuously) shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22, so that the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil is adapted to the thickness of the tissue to be treated.
  • the state of the tool assembly 20 after adjustment by the fine-tuning mechanism 14 is referred to as the third state hereinafter. That is, the fine-tuning mechanism 14 can switch the tool assembly 20 from the second state to the third state by fine-tuning the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22, so that the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 after fine-tuning is adapted to the thickness of the tissue to be treated. That is to say, the third state of the tool assembly 20 is not a specific state, but a state when the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is adapted to the thickness of the tissue to be treated. In other words, the third state of the tool assembly 20 is determined according to the thickness of the tissue to be treated. In FIG. 3 , the tool assembly 20 is in the third state, wherein the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is D 3 , and D 2 is greater than D 3 .
  • the first state of the tool assembly 20 may be an open state
  • the second state of the tool assembly 20 may be a pre-closed state
  • the third state of the tool assembly 20 may be a closed state
  • the spacing between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is not equal to zero.
  • the doctor can determine the spacing that matches the thickness of the tissue to be treated based on clinical experience.
  • the spacing should not be too large to ensure that the tissue does not accidentally come out from between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22, and the spacing should not be too small to ensure that the tissue is not damaged due to excessive squeezing by the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22.
  • the spacing should be set to a spacing at which the nails can be well formed and the tissue can be well nailed.
  • the spacing should also ensure that the knife can effectively cut the tissue.
  • the doctor can switch the tool assembly 20 from the open state to the pre-closed state by operating the trigger 12, so as to significantly shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22. Then, the doctor can fine-tune the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 by operating the fine-adjusting operating member 141, so as to gradually (or continuously) shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 to match the thickness of the tissue to be treated, and then switch the tool assembly 20 to the closed state.
  • the surgical instrument 10 can be preferably applied to tissues of different thicknesses, and the tool assembly 20 can be switched from the open state to the closed state more quickly and conveniently.
  • the surgical instrument 10 may not include the fine adjustment mechanism 14.
  • the actuating mechanism 13 may directly (or in other words, in one step) switch the tool assembly 20 from the open state to the closed state.
  • the first state of the tool assembly 20 is the open state
  • the second state of the tool assembly 20 is the closed state.
  • the firing mechanism 12 is configured to cause the tool assembly 20 to fire.
  • the nail is pushed out of the nail magazine 22 and formed under the guidance of the nail anvil 22, thereby nailing the tissue.
  • a cutter is provided in the nail magazine 21
  • the firing mechanism 15 can be driven by the trigger 12. That is, the actuating mechanism 13 and the firing mechanism 15 can be driven by the same trigger 12.
  • the surgical instrument 10 may include two triggers 12, and the two triggers 12 can be used to drive the actuating mechanism 13 and the firing mechanism 15, respectively.
  • the overall structure of the surgical instrument 10 is described above by way of example.
  • the structures of different components of the surgical instrument 10 are described below by way of example.
  • the actuating mechanism 13 may include a bracket 131, which can be driven by the trigger 12 to move in the proximal direction.
  • the bracket 131 may be movably supported by the housing 11 so as to be movable relative to the housing 11 in the distal-proximal direction.
  • the nail magazine 21 may be fixed to the housing 11, the nail anvil 22 may be fixed to the bracket 131, and the nail anvil 22 may be located at the distal side of the nail magazine 21 and opposite to the nail magazine 21.
  • the bracket 131 moves in the proximal direction from its first position (i.e., the position in FIG. 2 ) to its second position (i.e., the position in FIG. 3 ) under the drive of the trigger 12, the anvil 22 will follow the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction, so that the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the anvil 22 will be shortened, and then the tool assembly 20 will switch from the first state to the second state.
  • the nail magazine 21 can be fixed to the bracket 131, the nail anvil 22 can be fixed to the housing 111, and the nail magazine 21 can be located at the distal side of the nail anvil 22. This method can also shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 by moving the bracket 131 in the proximal direction.
  • an element when an element is supported by another element, it may mean that the former is directly supported by the latter, or it may mean that the former is indirectly supported by the latter, that is, the former is supported by an intermediate element, and the intermediate element is supported by the latter.
  • the element when an element is described as movable and the context does not clearly indicate with respect to which object it can move, it can be considered that the element is movable relative to the housing 11.
  • the bracket 131 may include a frame portion 1311 and an elongated portion 1312.
  • the elongated portion 1312 may extend in the distal-proximal direction, and the frame portion 1311 may be located at the distal end of the elongated portion 1312.
  • the frame portion 1311 may be at least partially exposed outside the housing 11 and located at the distal side of the distal end of the housing 11.
  • One of the staple cartridge 21 and the staple anvil 22 may be fixed on the frame portion 1311, and the other may be fixed at the distal end of the housing 11.
  • the frame portion 1311 may be roughly rectangular, and both the staple cartridge 21 and the staple anvil 22 may be located on the inner side of the frame portion 1311.
  • the diameter of the arc where the frame portion 1311 is located is not greater than 36 mm, so as to ensure that when performing anastomosis on most human tissues, the anastomosed tissue can better conform to the morphology of the natural cavity.
  • the present disclosure does not specifically limit the manner in which the trigger 12 drives the bracket 131.
  • the trigger 12 can directly push the bracket 131 in the proximal direction.
  • the trigger 12 can indirectly drive the bracket 131 to move proximally through a transmission mechanism.
  • the transmission mechanism can be, but is not limited to, a combination of one or more selected from a connecting rod transmission mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism, and a belt transmission mechanism.
  • the actuating mechanism 13 may further include a moving member 132, a fixed pulley 133, and a flexible member 134.
  • the moving member 132 can move in the distal direction under the push of the trigger 12.
  • the two ends of the flexible member 134 are respectively connected to the moving member 132 and the bracket 131, and the flexible member 134 is wound around the fixed pulley 133 to change the pulling direction of the flexible member 134.
  • the flexible member 134 will pull the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction, thereby being able to switch the tool assembly 20 from the first state to the second state.
  • This implementation method is helpful to simplify the structure of the actuating mechanism 13 and reduce the number of components of the actuating mechanism 13 , thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument 10 , and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument 10 .
  • the flexible member 134 may be a steel wire rope.
  • the moving member 132 may be sleeved on the elongated portion 1312 to be supported by the elongated portion 1312 and may slide along the extension direction (i.e., the distal-proximal direction) of the elongated portion 1312. This configuration is conducive to simplifying the structure of the surgical instrument 10 and reducing the number of components of the surgical instrument 10.
  • the actuating mechanism 13 may further include a force-applying member 135 (i.e., a second force-applying member), which is configured to apply force to the moving member 132 in the distal direction.
  • a force-applying member 135 i.e., a second force-applying member
  • the flexible member 134 connected to the moving member 132 will remain tensioned, which helps to prevent the flexible member 134 from accidentally falling off the pulley 133.
  • the force applied by the force-applying member 135 on the moving member 132 will make the doctor's operation more labor-saving.
  • the force applying member 135 may be a tension spring 135.
  • One end of the tension spring 135 may be connected to the moving member 132, and the other end of the tension spring 135 may be connected to a protruding column provided on the inner surface of the housing 11.
  • the actuating mechanism 13 may further include a force applying member 136 (i.e., a third force applying member) and a blocking member 137.
  • the force applying member 136 is configured to apply force in the distal direction to the bracket 131.
  • the blocking member 137 is configured to block the movement of the moving member 132 in the proximal direction after the bracket 131 reaches its second position, so as to keep the bracket 131 in its second position.
  • the bracket 131 overcomes the force applied by the force applying member 136 and moves in the proximal direction. After the bracket 131 reaches its second position, the blocking member 137 blocks the moving member 132 to prevent the moving member 132 from moving in the proximal direction under the force applied by the force applying member 136, thereby releasably restricting the bracket 131 from returning from its second position to its first position.
  • the tool assembly 20 after the tool assembly 20 is switched from the first state to the second state, even if the doctor releases the trigger 12, the tool assembly 20 will remain in the second state, which provides convenience and conditions for the doctor to perform subsequent operations.
  • the doctor can operate the blocking member 137 to release the moving member 132.
  • the moving member 132 After being released, the moving member 132 will move in the proximal direction under the force applied by the force-applying member 136, thereby driving the bracket 131 to return to its first position, thereby causing the tool assembly 20 to switch to the first state to release the tissue between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22. It can be seen that through the force-applying member 136 and the blocking member 137, the operation of closing and opening the tool assembly 20 will be more convenient. Convenient and reliable.
  • the blocking member 137 may include an operating portion 1371, a blocking portion 1372, and a connecting portion 1373.
  • the operating portion 1371 is configured to be operated by a doctor.
  • the blocking portion 1372 is configured to block the movement of the moving member 132 in the proximal direction (when the bracket 131 is in its second position).
  • the blocking portion 1372 and the operating portion 1371 are pivotally supported (for example, supported by the housing 11) around a pair of substantially parallel pivot axes a1 , a2, respectively.
  • the connecting portion 1373 extends between the operating portion 1371 and the blocking portion 1372 and is integrally formed with the two, and is configured to deform when the operating portion 1371 is rotated, causing the blocking portion 1372 to rotate to release the moving member 132.
  • this implementation only one component (i.e., the blocking member 137) is able to releasably block the proximal movement of the moving member 132. Therefore, this implementation is conducive to reducing the number of components of the surgical instrument 10, thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument 10, and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument 10.
  • the blocking member 137 there are many ways to implement the blocking member 137, and it is not limited to the above.
  • the blocking member can also be implemented as a combination of a spring and a latch finger.
  • the present disclosure does not specifically provide a structure of the moving member 132.
  • the proximal end of the moving member 132 is provided with a pair of gradually expanding surfaces 1321, which are arranged at intervals in the width direction and are configured such that the spacing between the two gradually increases as they extend in the proximal direction.
  • the pair of gradually expanding surfaces 1321 can guide the trigger 12 so that the trigger 12 is better aligned with the moving member 132.
  • the moving member 132 may include two parts 1322 and 1323, and the two parts 1322 and 1323 may be detachably assembled together to form the moving member 132.
  • the two parts 1322 and 1323 may be detachably assembled together by means of a plug post 1324 and a plug hole 1325 respectively disposed on the two parts.
  • the two parts 1322 and 1323 may jointly define a through hole 1326 for the elongated portion 1312 of the bracket 131 to pass through, so as to facilitate the moving member 132 to be sleeved on the elongated portion 1312 of the bracket 131.
  • the width direction may refer to a direction orthogonal to the far-near direction.
  • arrow Y+ may be used to indicate one side of the width direction
  • arrow X- may be used to indicate the other side of the width direction.
  • actuating mechanism The above is an example of the actuating mechanism. It is understandable that there are many ways to implement the actuating mechanism, which are not limited to the above. The present disclosure does not impose any specific restrictions on the structure of the actuating mechanism, as long as the distance between the nail magazine and the nail anvil can be shortened under the drive of the trigger.
  • the moving member can drive the bracket through other transmission mechanisms.
  • the transmission mechanism only needs to be able to convert the distal movement of the moving member into the proximal movement of the bracket.
  • the transmission mechanism may include a pair of racks respectively fixed to the bracket and the moving member, and a gear between the pair of racks and meshing with the two racks.
  • the actuating mechanism may not include a bracket, and the moving member may directly drive one or both of the nail magazine and the anvil, or the moving member may drive one or both of the nail magazine and the anvil through other transmission mechanisms to shorten the distance between the two, thereby switching the tool assembly from the first state to the second state.
  • the fine-tuning mechanism 14 can fine-tune the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 by driving the bracket 131 to move further in the proximal direction. That is, the fine-tune mechanism 14 can be constructed such that when the bracket 131 reaches the second position, the fine-tune mechanism 14 drives the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction to fine-tune the distance between the nail anvil 22 and the nail magazine 21.
  • the fine-tune mechanism 14 uses the bracket 131 of the actuating mechanism 13 to realize the transmission between it and the tool assembly 20, which is conducive to reducing the number of components of the surgical instrument 10, thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument 10, and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument 10.
  • the fine-tuning mechanism 14 may not use components of the actuating mechanism 13, but may drive one or both of the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 through other transmission mechanisms, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the distance between the two.
  • the bracket 131 may include a screw-on portion 1313, and the fine-tuning mechanism 14 may further include a fine-tuning member 142.
  • the fine-tuning operating member 141 is configured to drive the fine-tuning member 142 to rotate when operated.
  • the fine-tuning member 142 is configured to be screwed with the screw-on portion 1313, so that as the fine-tuning member 142 is rotated, the fine-tuning member 142 drives the bracket 12 to move in the proximal direction.
  • the screw-on portion 1313 may be provided with an external thread, and the fine-tuning member 142 may be provided with an internal thread. In other examples, the screw-on portion 1313 may be provided with an internal thread, and the fine-tuning member 142 may be provided with an external thread.
  • this implementation has many advantages.
  • this implementation has a large deceleration transmission ratio, which can ensure a high adjustment accuracy.
  • the bracket 131 will only move a small distance in the proximal direction, which allows the doctor to accurately and smoothly fine-tune the spacing between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22.
  • the bracket 131 after the bracket 131 is driven by the fine-tuning member 142 to move in the proximal direction, even if the doctor releases the fine-tuning operating member 141, the bracket 131 will not be separated from the fine-tuning member 142 and accidentally return to its second position. Therefore, this implementation has a higher safety.
  • this implementation has a large deceleration transmission ratio, the operation of rotating the fine-tuning operating member 141 is more labor-saving.
  • the fine-tuning operating member 141 and the fine-tuning member 142 are two independent components, in other examples, the fine-tuning operating member 141 and the fine-tuning member 142 may also be two parts of a component, or in other words, the fine-tuning operating member 141 and the fine-tuning member 142 may be formed as one piece.
  • the fine-tuning mechanism 14 may include a worm wheel and a worm, and the bracket 131 may be provided with a rack portion meshed with the worm wheel, so that the worm wheel can be driven by rotating the worm and the rack can be driven by the worm wheel, thereby achieving lockable driving of the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction.
  • the fine-tuning mechanism 14 can drive the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction by driving the moving member 132 to move in the distal direction.
  • the fine-tuning operating member 141 is provided with a accommodating space 1411, and the fine-tuning member 142 is accommodated in the accommodating space 1411.
  • the fine-tuning member 142 is configured to be movable relative to the fine-tuning operating member 141 in the far-near direction, and is configured to rotate with the fine-tuning operating member 141.
  • the fine-tuning member 142 is located on the proximal side of the screw-fitting portion 1313, so that when the bracket 131 is located in its first position, the fine-tuning member 142 is spaced apart from the screw-fitting portion 1313 (as shown in Figure 2), and when the bracket 131 is located in its second position, the fine-tuning member 142 is abutted against the screw-fitting portion 1313 (as shown in Figure 3).
  • the screw-fitting portion 1313 can be located at the proximal end of the bracket 131.
  • the fine-tuning mechanism 14 can also include a force applying member 143 (i.e., a first force applying member).
  • the force applying member 143 applies force to the fine-tuning member 142 in the distal direction, so that when the bracket 131 is located at its second position, the force applying member 143 presses the fine-tuning member 142 against the screw-engaging portion 1313.
  • rotating the fine-tuning operating member 141 can cause the fine-tuning member 142 to be screwed with the screw-engaging portion 1313.
  • the bracket 131 presses against the indicator 144, so that a portion of the indicator 144 extends out of the fine-tuning operating member 141 through the exposure hole 1412 to indicate the distance between the anvil 22 and the nail magazine 21.
  • the doctor can determine that the tool assembly 20 is currently in the first state.
  • the screwing portion 1313 presses against the fine-tuning member 142, so that the elastic member 143 is compressed and the indicator member 144 partially extends out of the exposure hole 1412. Accordingly, the doctor can determine that the tool assembly 20 has been switched to the second state.
  • the fine-tuning operating member 141 As the fine-tuning operating member 141 is rotated, the fine-tuning member 142 and the screw-engaging portion 1313 begin to be screwed together, so that the fine-tuning member 142 gradually moves toward the distal direction, and then the indicator member 144 moves toward the distal direction under the pressure of the elastic member 143, and the size of the exposed portion of the indicator member 144 gradually decreases.
  • the bracket 131 does not move toward the proximal direction. Therefore, in this process, the doctor can rotate the fine-tuning operating member 141 relatively quickly to make the fine-tuning mechanism 14 quickly complete the idle stroke.
  • the fine-tuning member 142 reaches the limit position in the distal direction, as the fine-tuning operating member 141 continues to rotate, the fine-tuning member 142 no longer moves in the distal direction, and the indicator member 144 no longer moves in the distal direction, and the indicator member 144 begins to gradually move in the proximal direction under the pressure of the screw-fitting portion 1313.
  • the size of the exposed portion of the indicator member 144 no longer continues to decrease, but begins to gradually increase. Based on this, the doctor can judge that the bracket 131 has begun to move in the proximal direction, and the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 has begun to decrease.
  • the doctor can slow down the speed of rotating the fine-tuning operating member 141 to accurately adjust the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22, and judge the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 according to the size of the exposed portion of the indicator member 144.
  • the indicator 144 can help the doctor to relatively accurately judge the state of the tool assembly 20 and the spacing between the nail cartridge and the nail anvil.
  • the fine-tuning operating member 141 can be rotatably supported by the housing 11.
  • the fine-tuning operating member 141 can be composed of two parts 1413, 1414.
  • the two parts 1413, 1414 are detachably assembled together to form the fine-tuning operating member 141.
  • the accommodating space 1411 can be jointly defined by the two parts 1413, 1414, so that when the two parts 1413, 1414 are disassembled, the accommodating space 1411 is open.
  • the fine-tuning member 142, the force applying member 143 and the indicating member 144 can be placed in the accommodating space 1411 more conveniently.
  • Part 1414 includes a pair of shoulders 1415, 1416 arranged at intervals and a shaft neck 1417 located therebetween.
  • a pair of half shells 11-1, 11-2 jointly define an axial hole 116.
  • the firing mechanism 15 may include a pusher 151, a force member 152 and an action member 153.
  • the pusher 151 is located outside the moving member 132 in the width direction, and the pusher 151 is movable in the far-near direction.
  • the force member 152 is configured to apply force to the pusher 151 toward the inner side in the width direction.
  • the pusher 151 is located on the proximal side of the action member 153 and abuts against the proximal end of the action member 153.
  • the action member 153 has an elongated structure, which extends from the pusher 151 to the tool assembly 20.
  • the outer side when describing the positional relationship between the moving member 132, the pushing member 151, the force applying member 152 and the trigger 12, the outer side may refer to the Y- side shown in the figure, and the inner side may refer to the Y+ side shown in the figure.
  • “inside” and “outside” may also be relative to the central axis of the surgical instrument 10, or in other words, “Inside” and “outside” may be referenced to the central axis of the surgical instrument 10, which may be defined by the elongated portion 1312 of the support 13. "Inward” may refer to the central axis, and “outward” may refer to the axis away from the central axis.
  • the moving member 132 when the moving member 132 is in its first position, that is, when the tool assembly 20 is in the first state, the moving member 132 supports the pushing member 151 , so that the pushing member 151 overcomes the force applied by the force applying member 152 and remains outside the moving path of the trigger 12 .
  • the trigger 12 when the trigger 12 is operated for the first time, the trigger 12 pushes the moving member 132, so that the moving member 132 moves from its first position to its second position in the distal direction, and then the tool assembly 20 switches from the first state to the second state.
  • the moving member 132 and the trigger 12 sequentially support the pushing member 151, so that the pushing member 151 overcomes the applied force of the force applying member 152 and remains outside the moving path of the trigger 12, so as to prevent the pushing member 151 from being pushed in the distal direction by the trigger 12.
  • the moving member 132 stays at its second position, and the trigger 12 returns to its initial position under the drive of the reset member 121. At this time, the moving member 132 and the trigger 12 will no longer support the pushing member 151, and the force member 152 pushes the pushing member 151 into the moving path of the trigger 12. For example, at this time, the pushing member 151 can move inward in the width direction under the force applied by the force member 152 until it abuts against the bracket 131 (the elongated portion 1312).
  • the pusher 151 and the force-applying member 152 it is realized that one trigger 12 is used to sequentially drive the actuating mechanism 13 and the firing mechanism 15. Compared with using two triggers 12 to drive the actuating mechanism 13 and the firing mechanism 15 respectively, the above implementation can reduce the number of components of the surgical instrument 10, thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument 10, and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument 10.
  • the moving member 132 has an outer side 1327 for supporting the pusher 151
  • the trigger 12 has an outer side 122 for supporting the pusher 151.
  • the outer side 1327 of the moving member 132 can be substantially flush with the outer side 122 of the trigger 12 (e.g., the distance between the two can be less than 2 mm).
  • the outer side 1327 of the moving member 132 can protrude beyond the outer side 122 of the trigger 12. In this way, during the movement of the moving member 132 from its first position to its second position under the drive of the trigger 12, the pusher 151 can smoothly transition from being supported by the moving member 132 to being supported by the trigger 12 to ensure that the trigger 12 will not push the pusher 151 in the distal direction.
  • the pusher 151 may be provided with a leg 1511, and the surgical instrument 10 may further include a guide member 112.
  • the guide member 112 is configured such that during the movement of the pusher 151 in the proximal direction (i.e., during the resetting process after firing), the guide member 112 cooperates with the leg 1511 to guide the pusher 151 to deviate outward in the width direction and leave the motion path of the trigger 12 and prevent the pusher 151 from entering the motion path of the trigger 12 again.
  • the tool assembly 20 is fired, it is usually not desired that the tool assembly 20 is accidentally fired again. For example, if the tool assembly 20 is accidentally fired again, the tool assembly 20 may cause unexpected harm to the patient. For example, the cutter may be pushed out again and cut the tissue.
  • the pusher 151 will leave the movement path of the trigger 12 through the cooperation of the legs 1511 and the guide member 112. After the firing mechanism 15 is reset, the cooperation of the legs 1511 and the guide member 112 will prevent the pusher 151 from entering the movement path of the trigger 12 again. In this way, after the firing is completed, even if the doctor accidentally operates the trigger 12 again, the tool assembly 20 will not be accidentally fired again.
  • the leg 1511 may include a guide portion 1512 configured to gradually incline toward the outside in the width direction as extending toward the proximal direction.
  • the guide portion 1512 As shown in Fig. 18, during the process of the push member 151 moving in the distal direction, when the guide portion 1512 meets the guide member 112, the distal end of the guide portion 1512 is closer to the inner side than the proximal end of the guide member 112. In this way, as the push member 151 continues to move in the distal direction, the guide member 112 will guide the push member 151 to deviate inwardly, so that the guide portion 1512 bypasses the guide member 112 on the inner side of the guide member 112, thereby allowing the push member 151 to move in the distal direction under the drive of the trigger 12 to fire the tool assembly 20.
  • the guide portion 1512 As shown in Fig. 19, during the movement of the push member 151 in the proximal direction, when the guide portion 1512 meets the guide member 112, the proximal end of the guide portion 1512 is further outward than the distal end of the guide member 112. In this way, as the push member 151 continues to move in the proximal direction, the guide member 112 guides the push member 151 to deviate outward, so that the guide portion 1512 bypasses the guide member 112 on the outside of the guide member 112, thereby causing the push member 151 to deviate outward in the width direction to leave the moving path of the trigger 12.
  • the leg 1511 will allow the push member 151 to move in the distal direction under the push of the trigger 12 to fire the tool assembly 20, and can guide the push member 151 to deviate to the outside in the width direction and leave the movement path of the trigger 12 during the process of the push member 151 moving in the proximal direction after firing.
  • the leg 1511 may further include a retaining portion 1513, which is located at the distal end of the guide portion 1512 and is configured to abut against the guide member 112 to prevent the push member 151 from entering the motion path of the trigger 12.
  • a retaining portion 1513 which is located at the distal end of the guide portion 1512 and is configured to abut against the guide member 112 to prevent the push member 151 from entering the motion path of the trigger 12.
  • the retaining portion 1513 will abut against the guide member 112, thereby preventing the push member 151 from entering the motion path of the trigger 12 again.
  • the present disclosure does not specifically limit the configuration of the retaining portion 1513, as long as the retaining portion 1513 can abut against the guide member 112 to prevent the push member 151 from entering the motion path of the trigger 12 again.
  • the retaining portion 1513 may be configured to be substantially parallel to the far-near direction so that it can abut against the guide member 112 more stably.
  • the guide member 112 has a guide surface 1121 located outside thereof.
  • the guide surface 1121 is configured to cooperate with the leg 1511. Specifically, during the movement of the push member 151 in the proximal direction, the guide surface 1121 cooperates with the guide portion 1512 to guide the push member 151 to deviate outward in the width direction; when the push member 151 moves in the proximal direction to its extreme position, the proximal end of the guide surface 1121 abuts against the retaining portion 1513 to prevent the push member 151 from entering the movement path of the trigger 12.
  • the guide surface 1121 can be configured to gradually tilt outward in the width direction as it extends in the proximal direction. This configuration of the guide surface 1121 is conducive to increasing the distance that the push member 151 deviates outward in the width direction under the guidance of the guide member 112.
  • the inner side 1122 of the guide member 112 can be constructed to be roughly parallel to the far-near direction. In the process of the pusher 151 moving in the far-side direction, the inner side 1122 of the guide member 112 contacts the leg 1511 (the guide portion 1512). Since the inner side 1122 of the guide member 112 is constructed to be roughly parallel to the far-near direction, it will not or less cause the pusher 151 to deviate inwardly in the width direction. Therefore, this structure of the inner side 1122 of the guide member 112 is conducive to reducing the distance of the pusher 151 deviating inwardly in the width direction under the guidance of the guide member 112. If the pusher 151 deviates too much inwardly in the width direction, it may be squeezed with other components (such as the elongated portion 1312 of the bracket 131) to cause the leg 1511 to be damaged.
  • other components such as the elongated portion 1312 of the bracket 13
  • the guide member 112 can be a protrusion formed on the inner surface of the housing 11.
  • the guide member 112 can also be an independent component installed on the housing 11.
  • a guide groove 113 may be provided on the inner surface of the housing 11, and the guide groove 113 extends in the far-near direction.
  • the pusher 151 is placed in the guide groove 113 to move in the far-near direction under the guidance of the guide groove 113.
  • two end surfaces 1131 of the guide groove 113 in the far-near direction may respectively define two extreme positions of the pusher 151 in the far-near direction.
  • the pusher 151 may include two legs 1511, and the two legs 1511 may be located at two sides of the pusher 151 in the height direction.
  • the actuating mechanism 13 includes two guide members 112, and the two guide members 112 are respectively arranged on two side walls 1132 of the guide groove 113 in the height direction to respectively cooperate with the two guide members 112.
  • the height direction may refer to a direction orthogonal to both the far-near direction and the width direction.
  • arrow Z+ may be used to indicate one side of the height direction
  • arrow Z- may be used to indicate the other side of the height direction.
  • the guide groove 113 may include a first section groove and a second section groove sequentially arranged in the distal direction, and the bottom surface 1134 of the second section groove protrudes inwardly beyond the bottom surface 1133 of the first section groove.
  • the bottom surface 1134 of the second section groove protrudes toward the pusher 151 beyond the bottom surface 1133 of the first section groove.
  • the first section groove can provide an escape space for the proximal end of the pusher 151 to allow the pusher 151 to be located outside the moving path of the trigger 12.
  • the thickness of the housing 11 is thinner only at the first section groove, which is conducive to ensuring that the housing 11 has sufficient strength.
  • the guide groove 113 further includes a third groove section located between the first groove section and the second end groove, and the bottom surface 1135 of the third groove section is configured as a slope surface 1135 extending from the bottom surface 1133 of the first groove section to the bottom surface 1134 of the second groove section.
  • the slope surface 1135 helps to reduce the risk of the pusher 151 and the force-applying member 152 being stuck.
  • the push member 151 is provided with a seating groove 1514 on its outer side.
  • the force-applying member 152 is constructed as a spring sheet 152. Both ends of the spring sheet 152 are placed in the seating groove 1514 to follow the push member 151 to move in the far-near direction.
  • the middle part of the spring sheet 152 bulges toward its outer side to form a smooth arc-shaped outer side surface 1521, and the outer side surface 1521 abuts against the inner surface of the shell 11.
  • the pusher 151 is further provided with a protrusion 1515, which is located at the proximal end of the pusher 151 and protrudes toward the inner side of the pusher 151 in the width direction.
  • the pusher 151 is configured to be supported by the moving member 132 and the trigger 12 through the protrusion 1515.
  • the protrusion 1515 abuts against the outer surface 1327 of the moving member 132, so that the pusher 151 is supported by the moving member 132; in the process of the moving member 132 moving from its first position to its second position, the protrusion 1515 abuts against the outer surface 1327 of the moving member 132 and the outer surface 122 of the trigger 12 in turn, so that the pusher 151 is supported by the moving member 132 and the trigger 12 in turn.
  • the thickness of the proximal end of the pusher 151 will be larger, that is, the width of the proximal end surface 1516 of the pusher 151 is larger.
  • the contact area of the pusher 151 and the trigger 12 will be larger, which is conducive to improving the stability of the process of pushing, and ensuring that the combination of the pusher 151 and the trigger 12 in the process of pushing is sufficiently stable and reliable.
  • the contact area of the pusher 151 and the moving member 132 or the trigger 12 is small (only the inner side of the protrusion 1515 contacts them), which is conducive to reducing the friction force when the moving member 132 or the trigger 12 moves relative to the pusher 151, thereby making the process of driving the moving member 132 to move in the distal direction more labor-saving.
  • the firing mechanism 15 may further include a force applying member 154, which is configured to apply force to the action member 153 in the proximal direction.
  • a force applying member 154 which is configured to apply force to the action member 153 in the proximal direction.
  • the force applying member 154 may be a compression spring 154.
  • One end of the compression spring 154 may abut against the action member 153, and the other end may abut against the supporting structure of the housing 11.
  • the firing mechanism is described above by way of example. It should be understood that there are many ways to implement the firing mechanism, which are not limited to the above. The present disclosure does not impose any specific restrictions on the structure of the firing mechanism, as long as the tool assembly can be fired when the trigger is driven.
  • the firing mechanism may not include an action member, and a push member may extend from the trigger to the tool assembly to directly fire the tool assembly under the drive of the trigger, or the push member may be connected to the tool assembly through other components or mechanisms to indirectly fire the tool assembly under the drive of the trigger.
  • the firing mechanism may not include a pusher, and the trigger may directly drive the action member.
  • the surgical instrument may include two triggers, which may be used to drive the actuating mechanism and the firing mechanism, respectively.
  • the tool assembly 20 can be detachably mounted on the surgical instrument 10, so that the surgical instrument 10 can be used multiple times by replacing the tool assembly 20.
  • Fig. 21 shows the surgical instrument 10 after the tool assembly 20 is removed.
  • the tool assembly 20 can be constructed so that it cannot be removed from the surgical instrument 10 without destroying it, that is, the surgical instrument 10 can also be disposable.
  • the tool assembly 20 may include a nail magazine 21, a nail anvil 22, and a firing member 23.
  • the nail magazine 21 may store nails 24.
  • a knife 25 may be provided in the nail magazine 21. The knife 25 may be transmission-connected with the firing member 23 to follow the firing member 23 to move in the far-near direction.
  • the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 are confined to the distal end of the bracket and are in a stable state away from each other.
  • the nail magazine 21, the nail anvil 22 and the slide post 26 are together formed into a window, which is convenient for the tissue to enter the window space during surgery, convenient for the doctor to operate and adjust, and the surgical field provided by the window is easy to observe.
  • the firing member 23 can be connected to the action member 153 of the firing mechanism 15 in a transmission manner so as to move in the distal-proximal direction following the action member 153.
  • the firing member 23 moves in the distal direction under the push of the action member 153 and pushes the nail 24 and the cutter 25 out of the nail magazine 21, thereby firing the tool assembly 20.
  • the firing member 23 moves in the proximal direction under the drive of the action member 153 and drives the cutter 25 to return to the nail magazine 21 to prevent the cutter 25 from accidentally cutting the tissue.
  • the firing member 23 can be constructed to be detachably engaged with the action member 153 and transmission-connected with the action member 153 .
  • the action member 153 includes a snap-fit portion 1531 disposed at its distal end, and the firing member 23 includes a matching portion 231 adapted to the snap-fit portion 1531.
  • the snap-fit portion 1531 is configured to be detachably engaged with the matching portion 231, so that the firing member 23 moves following the action member 153 in the far-near direction.
  • the surgical instrument 10 may further include an engagement operating member 16 configured to be operated by a doctor.
  • the engagement operating member 16 includes a pressing portion 161 .
  • the pressing portion 161 presses the action member 153, so that the distal end of the action member 153 is offset to one side in the width direction (i.e., the Y-side) to avoid the firing member 23 moving in the proximal direction, thereby allowing the firing member 23 to move in the proximal direction to a target position where the matching portion 231 and the engaging portion 1531 can engage.
  • the distal end of the action member 153 is reset, so that the engaging portion 1531 engages with the matching portion 231 at the target position.
  • the pressing portion 161 presses the action member 153, so that the distal end of the action member 153 deviates to one side in the width direction and avoids the firing member 23, thereby separating the engaging portion 1531 from the matching portion 231. Then, the tool assembly 20 can be moved in the distal direction to be removed from the surgical instrument 10.
  • the tool assembly 20 can be conveniently and quickly installed on or removed from the surgical instrument 10.
  • the engagement member 16 may further include a stopper 162, and the staple cartridge 21 may further include a limiting portion 211.
  • the stopper 162 is configured to engage with the limiting portion 211 to prevent the staple cartridge 21 from being separated from the engagement member 16 by moving distally.
  • the pressing portion 161 presses the action member 153, so that the action member 153 is offset to avoid the firing member 23 moving in the proximal direction, and the stopper portion 162 is offset to avoid the nail magazine 21 moving in the proximal direction, thereby allowing the firing member 23 to move in the proximal direction to the target position where the matching portion 231 and the engaging portion 1531 can engage, and allowing the nail magazine 21 to move in the proximal direction to the position where the stopper portion 162 can engage with the limiting portion 211. Then, after the engagement operating member 16 is released, the distal end of the action member 153 is reset to enable the engaging portion 1531 to engage with the matching portion 231, and the stopper portion 162 is reset to engage with the limiting portion 211.
  • the distal end of the action member 153 is biased under the pressure of the pressing portion 161 to avoid the firing member 23, so that the engaging portion 1531 is separated from the matching portion 231, and the stopper portion 162 is biased to avoid the nail magazine 21, so that the stopper portion 162 is separated from the limiting portion 211. Then, the tool assembly 20 can be moved in the distal direction to be disassembled from the surgical instrument 10.
  • the action member 153 can be connected to the firing member 23 and the staple cartridge 21 can be connected to the engagement operating member 16 by operating the engagement operating member 16 only once.
  • the action member 153 and the firing member 23 can be separated and the staple cartridge 21 can be separated from the engagement operating member 16 by operating the engagement operating member 16 only once. It can be seen that, through this implementation, the tool assembly 20 can be more conveniently and quickly installed on or removed from the surgical instrument 10.
  • the engagement operating member 16 may be rotatably supported about the pivot axis a3 .
  • the pressing portion 161 and the stopper portion 162 may be located on both sides of the pivot axis a3 , so that when the engagement operating member 16 is operated to rotate about the pivot axis a3 (for example, along the 24 and 25 ), the engaging portion 1531 and the stopping portion 162 move away from each other (for example, the engaging portion 1531 moves toward the Y- side, while the stopping portion 162 moves toward the Y+ side).
  • the engaging portion 1531 and the stopper 162 are moved away from each other, which makes the space between the engaging portion 1531 and the stopper 162 wider, so that when installing, the nail magazine 21 and the firing member 23 can be moved to the target position more conveniently, and when disassembling, the nail magazine 21 and the firing member 23 can be moved away from the target position more conveniently. It can be seen that through this implementation, the tool assembly 20 can be installed on or removed from the surgical instrument 10 more conveniently and quickly.
  • the surgical instrument 10 may further include a compression spring 163, which is sleeved on the pressing portion 161.
  • the compression spring 163 is configured such that the length when not compressed is greater than the length of the pressing portion 161, so that when the engagement operating member 16 is not operated, the two ends of the compression spring 163 respectively press the action member 153 and the engagement operating member 16. According to this configuration, when the engagement operating member 16 is not operated, under the pressure of the compression spring 163, the engagement operating member 16 will be maintained at the limit position when not operated, so as to maintain good engagement between the stopper 162 and the limiting portion 211.
  • the engagement operating member 16 can be rotatably supported by the housing 11 around the pivot axis a3 .
  • the housing 11 is provided with a shaft portion 114
  • the shaft portion 114 is provided with a pivot axis a3
  • the engagement operating member 16 includes a pivot portion 164
  • the pivot portion 164 is pivotably supported by the shaft portion 114.
  • the housing 11 may be provided with a pivot portion 164
  • the engaging operating member 16 may be provided with a rotating shaft portion 114 .
  • the action member 153 may include two engaging portions 1531, and the two engaging portions 1531 are located at the distal end of the action member 153 and are respectively located on both sides of the action member 153 in the height direction.
  • Each engaging portion 1531 is a convex block 1531 protruding in the height direction.
  • the firing member 23 may be provided with two matching portions 231 corresponding to the two engaging portions 1531, respectively, and each matching portion 231 is constructed as a recessed portion 231 adapted to a corresponding engaging portion 1531.
  • This implementation method has many advantages such as simple structure, convenient disassembly, and reliable connection.
  • the present disclosure does not impose any specific restrictions on the structure of the stopper 162 and the limiting portion 211, as long as the two can be detachably connected.
  • the stopper 162 is configured as a block 162
  • the limiting portion 211 is configured as a slot 211 or a hole 211 adapted to the block 162.
  • This implementation has many advantages such as simple structure, easy disassembly, and reliable connection.
  • the proximal end of the nail magazine 21 may be provided with an insertion portion 212
  • the distal end of the housing 11 may be provided with a receiving portion 115 adapted to the insertion portion 212
  • the receiving portion 115 may be constructed to allow the insertion portion 212 to be inserted to support the nail magazine 21 .
  • the receiving portion 115 will provide support in multiple directions (such as height and width) for the nail magazine 21.
  • the engagement of the stopper 162 and the limiting portion 211 can limit the movement of the nail magazine 21 in the distal-proximal direction. In this way, the nail magazine 21 can be fixed to the housing 11.
  • the engaging operating member 16 can be pressed to insert the nail magazine 21 into the receiving portion 115 in the proximal direction, and then the engaging operating member 16 can be released to fix the nail magazine 21 to the housing 11 and connect the firing member 23 with the action member 153.
  • the engaging operating member 16 can be pressed and the nail magazine 21 can be pulled in the distal direction, so that the nail magazine 21 can be disassembled from the housing 11 and the firing member 23 can be separated from the action member 153.
  • the tool assembly 20 may further include a slide post 26, which may be slidably inserted into a slideway (not shown) provided in the nail magazine 21.
  • the nail anvil 22 may be configured to be detachably fixed to the frame portion 1311 (e.g., by snapping) and face the nail magazine 21.
  • the tool assembly 20 can be placed between the frame portion 1311 and the distal end of the shell 11, and then the nail magazine 21 can be fixed to the shell 11. Then, the anvil 22 can be pulled in the distal direction to move the anvil 22 to the portion of the distal end of the shell 11 facing the frame portion 1311, and then the anvil 22 can be fixed to the frame portion 1311 to complete the installation of the tool assembly 20.
  • the engaging operating member 16 may be pressed first and the nail magazine 21 may be pulled in the distal direction to be disassembled from the housing 21 , and then the nail anvil 22 may be disassembled from the frame portion 1311 .
  • This implementation method has many advantages such as simple structure, easy disassembly and reliable connection.
  • the surgical instrument in the modified example has many identical or similar elements to the surgical instrument 10 in the above embodiment.
  • identical or similar elements are denoted by identical or similar reference numerals to omit repeated descriptions.
  • a surgical instrument provided in a modified example includes a tension spring 17.
  • One end of the tension spring 17 is fixed to a bracket 131, and the other end of the tension spring 17 is fixed to an action member 153.
  • the tension spring 17 can have various actions.
  • the tension spring 17 can play the role of resetting the distal end of the action member 153.
  • the tension spring 17 is deformed by tension; when the doctor releases the engagement operating member 16, the elastic restoring force of the tension spring 17 can help the distal end of the action member 153 to reset inward (i.e., toward the bracket 131) to the initial position.
  • the tension spring 17 can also prevent the engaging portion 1531 and the matching portion 231 from being accidentally disengaged. Specifically, when the distal end of the action member 153 deviates outward, the tension spring 17 will be deformed by tension, so the tension spring 17 can play a role in inhibiting the distal end of the action member 153 from deviating outward, thereby preventing the engaging portion 1531 and the matching portion 231 from accidentally disengaging to a certain extent, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the surgical procedure.
  • the tension spring 17 is greatly stretched, so the tension spring 17 will apply a large force to the action member 153, thereby effectively preventing the engaging portion 1531 and the matching portion 231 from accidentally disengaging.
  • the bracket 131 needs to be in its first position. At this time, the deformation of the tension spring 17 is small. Therefore, the doctor only needs to apply a small force to the engagement operating member 16 to make the distal end of the action member 153 deviate outward. Therefore, this implementation method can effectively prevent the locking portion 1531 and the matching portion 231 from being accidentally disengaged while ensuring that the tool assembly 20 is relatively convenient to install or disassemble.
  • the tension spring 17 can also play a role in resetting the firing mechanism 15. Specifically, before firing the tool assembly 20, the bracket 131 needs to be moved to the second position (or to a position closer to the side than the second position), which will cause the tension spring 17 to be stretched and deformed to a large extent. Then, during the firing process, as the action member 153 moves in the distal direction, the tension spring 17 is further stretched and deformed. In this way, after the firing is completed, the tension spring 17 will apply a large force to the action member 153 to reset the action member 153 in the proximal direction.
  • the tension spring 17 can play multiple roles in the surgical instrument, which is beneficial to reducing the number of components of the surgical instrument, thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument, and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument.
  • first or second etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various elements (such as a first force applying member and a second force applying member), these elements are not defined by these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.

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Abstract

Provided are a surgical instrument and a tool assembly. The surgical instrument comprises an acting member and an engagement operation member. When the engagement operation member is operated, a pressing portion thereof presses the acting member, so that the distal end of the acting member deviates to avoid a firing member of the tool assembly. After the engagement operation member is released, the distal end of the acting member is reset, so that a clamping portion of the acting member can be clamped with a matching portion of the firing member. According to the surgical instrument and the tool assembly provided by the present disclosure, the tool assembly can be relatively conveniently and quickly mounted on the surgical instrument or detached from the surgical instrument.

Description

手术器械Surgical instruments 技术领域Technical Field
本公开涉及医疗器械技术领域,特别地,涉及一种用于在手术中对组织进行钉紧(和切割)的手术器械。The present disclosure relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and in particular, to a surgical instrument for stapling (and cutting) tissues during surgery.
背景技术Background Art
在一些外科手术中,需要使用手术器械将工具组件的钉仓中的钉施加到组织上并致使钉在工具组件的钉砧的引导下成型,以对患者的组织进行钉紧。一些手术器械允许将工具组件从其上拆卸下来,以便通过更换工具组件来被多次使用。In some surgical operations, it is necessary to use a surgical instrument to apply the nails in the nail cartridge of the tool assembly to the tissue and cause the nails to be formed under the guidance of the nail anvil of the tool assembly to tighten the patient's tissue. Some surgical instruments allow the tool assembly to be detached therefrom so that it can be used multiple times by replacing the tool assembly.
在将工具组件安装到手术器械上时,不仅需要将钉砧和钉仓固定到手术器械上,还需要将工具组件的击发件与手术器械的击发机构传动连结,以使得工具组件能够被击发机构击发。对应地,在将工具组件从手术器械上拆卸下来时,不仅需要将钉砧和钉仓从手术器械上拆卸下来,还需要断开击发件与击发机构之间的连结。When the tool assembly is mounted on the surgical instrument, not only the nail anvil and the nail magazine need to be fixed to the surgical instrument, but also the firing piece of the tool assembly needs to be connected to the firing mechanism of the surgical instrument so that the tool assembly can be fired by the firing mechanism. Correspondingly, when the tool assembly is removed from the surgical instrument, not only the nail anvil and the nail magazine need to be removed from the surgical instrument, but also the connection between the firing piece and the firing mechanism needs to be disconnected.
这些原因导致,在将工具组件安装到传统的手术器械上时,或者在将工具组件从传统的手术器械上拆卸下来时,需要较多的操作步骤。因此,对于传统的手术器械,将工具组件安装到其上或从其上拆卸下来的过程较为费时费力。These reasons lead to the need for more operation steps when installing the tool assembly on a conventional surgical instrument or when removing the tool assembly from a conventional surgical instrument. Therefore, for conventional surgical instruments, the process of installing the tool assembly on or removing the tool assembly from the conventional surgical instrument is relatively time-consuming and laborious.
发明内容Summary of the invention
本公开提供一种手术器械,其用于将工具组件的钉仓中的钉施加到组织上。工具组件包括钉仓和击发件,击发件被构造为将钉从钉仓中向远侧方向推出以致使工具组件击发。该手术器械包括:作用件,在远-近方向上可移动,且其远端设有卡合部,击发件包括配合部,其中卡合部被构造为与配合部卡合,使得击发件在远-近方向上跟随作用件运动;以及接合操作件,包括迫压部,其中当接合操作件被操作时,迫压部迫压作用件而致使作用件的远端偏移,使得作用件的远端避让向近侧方向移动的击发件,或使得配合部与卡合部脱开;在接合操作件被释放后,作用件的远端复位,使得卡合部能够与配合部卡合。The present disclosure provides a surgical instrument, which is used to apply nails in a nail magazine of a tool assembly to tissue. The tool assembly includes a nail magazine and a firing member, and the firing member is configured to push the nails out of the nail magazine in the distal direction to cause the tool assembly to fire. The surgical instrument includes: an action member, which is movable in the distal-proximal direction, and a clamping portion is provided at its distal end, and the firing member includes a matching portion, wherein the clamping portion is configured to be clamped with the matching portion, so that the firing member moves with the action member in the distal-proximal direction; and a coupling operating member, including a pressing portion, wherein when the coupling operating member is operated, the pressing portion presses the action member to cause the distal end of the action member to deviate, so that the distal end of the action member avoids the firing member moving in the proximal direction, or the matching portion is disengaged from the clamping portion; after the coupling operating member is released, the distal end of the action member is reset, so that the clamping portion can be clamped with the matching portion.
作为一种可能的实现方式,接合操作件还包括止挡部,钉仓还包括限制部,止挡部被构造为与限制部接合,以避免钉仓通过向远侧方移动而与接合操作件分离,其中当接合操作件被操作时,止挡部偏移,使得止挡部避让向近侧方向移动的钉仓,或使得止挡部与限制部脱开;在接合操作件被释放后,止挡部复位而能够与限制部接合。As a possible implementation, the engagement operating member further includes a stop portion, and the nail magazine further includes a limiting portion, wherein the stop portion is constructed to engage with the limiting portion to prevent the nail magazine from being separated from the engagement operating member by moving toward the distal direction, wherein when the engagement operating member is operated, the stop portion is offset so that the stop portion avoids the nail magazine moving toward the proximal direction, or the stop portion is disengaged from the limiting portion; after the engagement operating member is released, the stop portion is reset and can engage with the limiting portion.
作为一种可能的实现方式,接合操作件绕一枢转轴线可转动地被支撑,迫压部和止挡部分别位于枢转轴线的两侧,其中当接合操作件被操作时,接合操作件绕枢转轴线转动,使得卡合部和止挡部彼此远离。As a possible implementation method, the coupling operating member is rotatably supported around a pivot axis, and the pressing portion and the stop portion are respectively located on both sides of the pivot axis, wherein when the coupling operating member is operated, the coupling operating member rotates around the pivot axis so that the engaging portion and the stop portion move away from each other.
作为一种可能的实现方式,手术器械还包括压缩弹簧,压缩弹簧套设在迫压部上,其中压缩弹簧未被压缩时的长度大于迫压部的长度,使得当接合操作件未被操作时,压缩弹簧的两端分别迫压作用件和接合操作件。As a possible implementation method, the surgical instrument also includes a compression spring, which is mounted on the pressing portion, wherein the length of the compression spring when not compressed is greater than the length of the pressing portion, so that when the engaging operating member is not operated, the two ends of the compression spring respectively press the acting member and the engaging operating member.
作为一种可能的实现方式,手术器械还包括外壳,外壳和接合操作件中的一者设有转轴部且另一者设有枢转部,转轴部限定枢转轴线,枢转部被转轴部可枢转地支撑。As a possible implementation, the surgical instrument further includes a housing, one of the housing and the engaging operating member is provided with a shaft portion and the other is provided with a pivot portion, the shaft portion defines a pivot axis, and the pivot portion is pivotably supported by the shaft portion.
作为一种可能的实现方式,作用件包括两个卡合部,两个卡合部位于作用件的远端处且分别位于作用件在高度方向上的两侧,每个卡合部为在高度方向上向凸出的凸块;击发件设有与两个卡合部分别对应的两个配合部,每个配合部为与一对应的卡合部适配的凹陷部。As a possible implementation method, the working member includes two snap-fitting parts, which are located at the distal end of the working member and respectively on both sides of the working member in the height direction, and each snap-fitting part is a protrusion protruding in the height direction; the firing member is provided with two matching parts respectively corresponding to the two snap-fitting parts, and each matching part is a recessed part adapted to a corresponding snap-fitting part.
作为一种可能的实现方式,止挡部为卡块,限制部为与卡块相适配的卡槽或卡孔。As a possible implementation manner, the stopper is a clamping block, and the limiting portion is a clamping groove or a clamping hole matched with the clamping block.
作为一种可能的实现方式,手术器械还包括外壳,钉仓的近端设有插入部,外壳的远端设有与插入部的相适配的接收部,接收部被构造为供插入部插入以支撑钉仓。As a possible implementation, the surgical instrument further includes a shell, an insertion portion is provided at the proximal end of the nail magazine, and a receiving portion adapted to the insertion portion is provided at the distal end of the shell, wherein the receiving portion is configured to be inserted by the insertion portion to support the nail magazine.
作为一种可能的实现方式,手术器械还包括支架,支架在远-近方向上可移动地被外壳支撑,支架包括至少部分地暴露在外壳外的框架部,工具组件还包括钉砧和固定于钉砧的滑柱,滑柱可滑动地插设于钉仓限定的滑道内,钉砧被构造为固定于框架部而与钉仓相面对。As a possible implementation, the surgical instrument also includes a bracket, which is movably supported by the shell in the distal-proximal direction, and the bracket includes a frame portion at least partially exposed outside the shell. The tool assembly also includes an anvil and a sliding column fixed to the anvil, and the sliding column can be slidably inserted in a slide channel defined by the nail magazine. The anvil is constructed to be fixed to the frame portion and face the nail magazine.
作为一种可能的实现方式,手术器械还包括扳机,作用件与扳机传动连结,使得作用件能够被扳机驱动而向远侧方向移动。As a possible implementation, the surgical instrument further includes a trigger, and the actuating member is transmission-connected to the trigger, so that the actuating member can be driven by the trigger to move in a distal direction.
作为一种可能的实现方式,工具组件还包括刀具,刀具设于钉仓内,当工具组件击发时,刀具被从 钉仓中推出,其中刀具与击发件传动连结,使得刀具跟随击发件在远-近方向上移动。As a possible implementation, the tool assembly further includes a cutter, which is disposed in the nail magazine. When the tool assembly is fired, the cutter is ejected from the nail magazine. The nail magazine is pushed out, wherein the cutter is transmission-connected with the firing member so that the cutter moves along with the firing member in the far-near direction.
作为一种可能的实现方式,手术器械还包括:支架,位于作用件的一侧,且在远-近方向上可移动,且构造为通过向近侧方向移动而将工具组件由打开状态切换至闭合状态;以及拉伸弹簧,其一端固定于支架且另一端固定于作用件。As a possible implementation, the surgical instrument also includes: a bracket, which is located on one side of the active member and is movable in the distal-proximal direction, and is configured to switch the tool assembly from an open state to a closed state by moving in the proximal direction; and a tension spring, one end of which is fixed to the bracket and the other end is fixed to the active member.
本公开还提供一种工具组件,其适于配设于手术器械上。手术器械包括作用件和接合操作件,作用件的远端设有卡合部,接合操作件包括迫压部。工具组件包括:钉仓,被构造为存放有多个钉;以及击发件,置于钉仓内,被构造为将多个钉从钉仓中向远侧方向推出以击发工具组件,且包括配合部,配合部被构造为与卡合部卡合,使得击发件在远-近方向上跟随作用件运动,其中当接合操作件被操作时,迫压部迫压作用件而致使作用件的远端偏移,使得作用件的远端避让向近侧方向移动的击发件,或使得配合部与卡合部脱开;在接合操作件被释放后,作用件的远端复位,使得卡合部能够与配合部卡合。The present disclosure also provides a tool assembly, which is suitable for being arranged on a surgical instrument. The surgical instrument includes an action member and a coupling operating member, the distal end of the action member is provided with a clamping portion, and the coupling operating member includes a pressing portion. The tool assembly includes: a nail magazine, which is configured to store a plurality of nails; and a firing member, which is placed in the nail magazine and is configured to push the plurality of nails out of the nail magazine in a distal direction to fire the tool assembly, and includes a matching portion, which is configured to be clamped with the clamping portion so that the firing member moves along with the action member in a distal-proximal direction, wherein when the coupling operating member is operated, the pressing portion presses the action member to cause the distal end of the action member to deviate, so that the distal end of the action member avoids the firing member moving in a proximal direction, or the coupling portion is disengaged from the clamping portion; after the coupling operating member is released, the distal end of the action member is reset so that the clamping portion can be clamped with the matching portion.
根据本公开提供的手术器械和工具组件,工具组件能够被相对方便、快速地安装到手术器械上或从手术器械上拆下。According to the surgical instrument and tool assembly provided by the present disclosure, the tool assembly can be relatively conveniently and quickly installed on or removed from the surgical instrument.
附图简要说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
为了更清楚地说明本公开实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure, the drawings required for use in the embodiments are briefly introduced below.
应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本公开的某些实施例,不应看作是对范围的设有。It should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate certain embodiments of the present disclosure and should not be considered limiting in scope.
还应当理解,在附图中使用相同或相似的附图标记来表示相同或相似的要素。It should also be understood that the same or similar reference numerals are used in the drawings to represent the same or similar elements.
还应当理解,附图仅是示意性的,附图中的要素的尺寸和比例不一定精确。It should also be understood that the drawings are merely schematic and that the sizes and proportions of elements in the drawings are not necessarily accurate.
图1是根据本公开一实施例的手术器械的结构示意图。FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a surgical instrument according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图2是示出了图1中的手术器械的内部构造的结构示意图。FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram showing the internal structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
图3是示出了图1中的手术器械的内部构造的另一个结构示意图。FIG. 3 is another schematic structural diagram showing the internal structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
图4是示出了图1中的手术器械的内部构造的另一个结构示意图。FIG. 4 is another schematic structural diagram showing the internal structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
图5是示出了图1中的手术器械的内部构造的另一个结构示意图。FIG. 5 is another schematic structural diagram showing the internal structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
图6是根据本公开一实施例的运动件的结构示意图。FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a moving part according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
图7是图6中的运动件的分解示意图。FIG. 7 is an exploded schematic diagram of the moving parts in FIG. 6 .
图8是从另一个视向观察的图6中的运动件的结构示意图。FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of the moving part in FIG. 6 observed from another viewing direction.
图9是示出了图1中的手术器械的微调机构和外壳的结构示意图。FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram showing the fine-tuning mechanism and housing of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
图10是示出了图1中的手术器械的击发机构的结构示意图。FIG. 10 is a schematic structural diagram showing the firing mechanism of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
图11是示出了图10中的击发机构的另一个结构示意图。FIG. 11 is another schematic structural diagram showing the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
图12是示出了图10中的击发机构的另一个结构示意图。FIG. 12 is another schematic structural diagram showing the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
图13是示出了图10中的击发机构的另一个结构示意图。FIG. 13 is another schematic structural diagram showing the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
图14是图10中的击发机构的推动件的结构示意图。FIG. 14 is a schematic structural diagram of a pusher of the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
图15是从另一个视向观察的图14中的推动件的结构示意图。FIG. 15 is a schematic structural diagram of the pusher in FIG. 14 as viewed from another perspective.
图16是示出了图1中的手术器械的外壳的一部分的结构示意图。FIG. 16 is a schematic structural diagram showing a portion of the housing of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 .
图17是示出了沿图16中A-A线截取的示意性剖视图。FIG17 is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line A-A in FIG16.
图18是示出了当图14中的推动件向远侧方向运动时,其支腿与导向件的配合过程中的示意图。FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation process between the legs and the guide member when the pusher in FIG. 14 moves in the distal direction.
图19是示出了当图14中的推动件向近侧方向运动时,其支腿与导向件的配合过程中的示意图。FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram showing the cooperation process between the legs and the guide member when the pusher in FIG. 14 moves in the proximal direction.
图20是示出了图14中的推动件和置于其安置槽内的弹片的结构示意图。FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the push member in FIG. 14 and the spring piece placed in the placement groove thereof.
图21是图10中的击发机构的作用件的远端部分的结构示意图。FIG. 21 is a schematic structural diagram of the distal end portion of the action member of the firing mechanism in FIG. 10 .
图22是示出了拆下工具组件后的图1中的手术器械的结构示意图。FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the surgical instrument in FIG. 1 after the tool assembly is removed.
图23是图22中的工具组件的示意性分解示意图。FIG. 23 is a schematic exploded view of the tool assembly of FIG. 22 .
图24是示出了图22中的工具组件、作用件和接合操作件的结构示意图。FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the tool assembly, the working member and the engaging operating member in FIG. 22 .
图25是示出了图22中的工具组件、作用件和接合操作件的结构示意图。FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of the tool assembly, the action member and the engagement operating member in FIG. 22 .
图26是示出了根据本公开一变形例的手术器械的一部分的结构示意图。FIG. 26 is a schematic structural diagram showing a portion of a surgical instrument according to a variation of the present disclosure.
具体实施方式DETAILED DESCRIPTION
下面结合附图,对本公开的实施例进行示例性地描述。应当理解,本公开的实现方式可以有多种,不应被解释为限于这里阐述的实施例,这里阐述的实施例仅是为了更加透彻和完整地理解本公开。The following is an exemplary description of the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the present disclosure can be implemented in a variety of ways and should not be construed as being limited to the embodiments described here. The embodiments described here are only for a more thorough and complete understanding of the present disclosure.
手术器械的整体构造The overall structure of surgical instruments
本公开提供一种手术器械10,其能够将配设于其上的工具组件20由打开状态切换至闭合状态,并能够击发工具组件20。参考图1至图5,手术器械10可以包括外壳11、扳机12、致动机构13、微调机 构14和击发机构15。The present disclosure provides a surgical instrument 10, which can switch a tool assembly 20 provided thereon from an open state to a closed state, and can fire the tool assembly 20. Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5 , the surgical instrument 10 may include a housing 11, a trigger 12, an actuating mechanism 13, a fine adjustment mechanism 14, and a trigger 15. Structure 14 and firing mechanism 15.
工具组件20包括钉仓21和钉砧22。钉仓21内存放有待成型的钉。在某些示例中,钉仓21内还可以存放有用于切割组织的刀具。例如,工具组件20可以设于手术器械10的远端处。The tool assembly 20 includes a nail magazine 21 and a nail anvil 22. The nails to be formed are stored in the nail magazine 21. In some examples, a knife for cutting tissue can also be stored in the nail magazine 21. For example, the tool assembly 20 can be arranged at the distal end of the surgical instrument 10.
需要说明的是,在本公开中,术语“近”可以用于大致地指示要素(装置、构件或部分)的更接近医生的端、侧或部分;术语“远”可以用于大致地指示要素的距离医生更远的端、侧或部分。此外,在本公开的附图中,箭头X+可以用于指示远-近方向的远侧,箭头X-可以用于指示远-近方向的近侧。It should be noted that, in the present disclosure, the term "near" can be used to roughly indicate the end, side or part of an element (device, component or part) that is closer to the doctor; the term "far" can be used to roughly indicate the end, side or part of an element that is farther from the doctor. In addition, in the drawings of the present disclosure, the arrow X+ can be used to indicate the far side of the far-near direction, and the arrow X- can be used to indicate the near side of the far-near direction.
外壳11可以限定把手111,把手111被构造为供医生握持。例如,外壳11可以由一对半壳体11-1,11-2组成。一对半壳体11-1,11-2可拆卸地装配在一起,以形成一个大致封闭的内部空间。The housing 11 may define a handle 111 configured to be held by a doctor. For example, the housing 11 may be composed of a pair of half shells 11-1, 11-2. The pair of half shells 11-1, 11-2 may be detachably assembled together to form a substantially closed interior space.
扳机12被构造为供医生操作,并被构造为在其初始位置和其终止位置之间位移。例如,扳机12可以被外壳11可枢转地支撑,以能够在其初始位置和其终止位置之间移动。在图2中,扳机12位于与把手111间距较大的初始位置。在图3中,扳机12位于与把手111间距较小的终止位置。The trigger 12 is configured to be operated by a doctor and is configured to be displaced between its initial position and its final position. For example, the trigger 12 may be pivotally supported by the housing 11 so as to be able to move between its initial position and its final position. In FIG2 , the trigger 12 is located at an initial position with a large spacing from the handle 111. In FIG3 , the trigger 12 is located at a final position with a small spacing from the handle 111.
需要说明的是,在本公开中,某个构件的初始位置和终止位置,并不必然为该构件的可移动范围内的两个相对的极限位置。It should be noted that, in the present disclosure, the initial position and the final position of a component are not necessarily two relative extreme positions within the movable range of the component.
在一个示例中,手术器械10还可以包括复位件121,复位件121被构造为将扳机12复位至其初始位置。在一个示例中,复位件121可以为拉伸弹簧121,其一端可以连接于扳机12且另一端可以连接至设于外壳11的内表面上的凸柱。In one example, the surgical instrument 10 may further include a reset member 121, which is configured to reset the trigger 12 to its initial position. In one example, the reset member 121 may be a tension spring 121, one end of which may be connected to the trigger 12 and the other end of which may be connected to a boss disposed on the inner surface of the housing 11.
致动机构13被构造为在扳机12的驱动下,致使钉仓21和钉砧22相对运动,以将工具组件20由第一状态切换至第二状态,进而缩短钉仓21与钉砧22的间距。也就是说,当工具组件20处于第一状态时,钉仓21与钉砧22的间距较大;当工具组件20处于第二状态时,钉仓21与钉砧22的间距较小。在图2中,工具组件20处于第一状态,钉仓21与钉砧22的间距为D1。在图3中,工具组件20处于第二状态,钉仓21与钉砧22的间距为D2,D1大于D2The actuating mechanism 13 is configured to cause the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 to move relative to each other under the drive of the trigger 12, so as to switch the tool assembly 20 from the first state to the second state, thereby shortening the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22. That is, when the tool assembly 20 is in the first state, the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is large; when the tool assembly 20 is in the second state, the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is small. In FIG. 2 , the tool assembly 20 is in the first state, and the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is D 1 . In FIG. 3 , the tool assembly 20 is in the second state, and the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is D 2 , and D 1 is greater than D 2 .
微调机构14可以包括微调操作件141,微调操作件141被构造为供医生操作。微调机构14可以被构造为:当工具组件20处于第二状态时,随着微调操作件141被操作,微调机构14对钉仓21与钉砧22的间距进行微调整,以进一步缩短钉仓21与钉砧22的间距。也就是说,在工具组件20被切换至第二状态后,随着医生操作微调操作件141,微调机构14将逐渐地(或者说连续地)缩短钉仓21与钉砧22的间距,使得钉仓21与钉砧的间距与待处理的组织的厚度相适配。The fine-tuning mechanism 14 may include a fine-tuning operating member 141, and the fine-tuning operating member 141 is configured to be operated by a doctor. The fine-tuning mechanism 14 may be configured such that when the tool assembly 20 is in the second state, as the fine-tuning operating member 141 is operated, the fine-tuning mechanism 14 fine-adjusts the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 to further shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22. That is, after the tool assembly 20 is switched to the second state, as the doctor operates the fine-tuning operating member 141, the fine-tuning mechanism 14 will gradually (or continuously) shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22, so that the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil is adapted to the thickness of the tissue to be treated.
为了方便描述,下文中,将微调机构14调整后的工具组件20的状态称为第三状态。也就是说,微调机构14能够通过对钉仓21与钉砧22的间距进行微调而将工具组件20由第二状态切换至第三状态,进而使得微调后的钉仓21与钉砧22的间距与待处理的组织的厚度相适配。也就是说,工具组件20的第三状态并不是一个特定的状态,而是一个当钉仓21与钉砧22的间距与待处理的组织的厚度相适配时的状态。换句话说,工具组件20的第三状态是根据待处理的组织的厚度确定的。在图3中,工具组件20处于第三状态,其中钉仓21与钉砧22的间距为D3,D2大于D3For the convenience of description, the state of the tool assembly 20 after adjustment by the fine-tuning mechanism 14 is referred to as the third state hereinafter. That is, the fine-tuning mechanism 14 can switch the tool assembly 20 from the second state to the third state by fine-tuning the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22, so that the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 after fine-tuning is adapted to the thickness of the tissue to be treated. That is to say, the third state of the tool assembly 20 is not a specific state, but a state when the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is adapted to the thickness of the tissue to be treated. In other words, the third state of the tool assembly 20 is determined according to the thickness of the tissue to be treated. In FIG. 3 , the tool assembly 20 is in the third state, wherein the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is D 3 , and D 2 is greater than D 3 .
在本公开中,工具组件20的第一状态可以为打开状态,工具组件20的第二状态可以为预闭合状态,工具组件20的第三状态可以为闭合状态。In the present disclosure, the first state of the tool assembly 20 may be an open state, the second state of the tool assembly 20 may be a pre-closed state, and the third state of the tool assembly 20 may be a closed state.
应当理解,当工具组件20处于闭合状态时,钉仓21和钉砧22的间距并非等于零。医生可以根据临床经验来确定与待处理组织的厚度相匹配的间距。该间距不宜过大,以确保组织不会从钉仓21和钉砧22之间意外地脱出,并且该间距不宜过小,以确保组织不会因被钉仓21与钉砧22过度挤压而损伤。此外,该间距应该被设置为在该间距下,钉能够良好成型且组织能够被良好地钉紧。此外,在钉仓21内设有刀具的示例中,该间距还应确保刀具能够有效地切断组织。It should be understood that when the tool assembly 20 is in a closed state, the spacing between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 is not equal to zero. The doctor can determine the spacing that matches the thickness of the tissue to be treated based on clinical experience. The spacing should not be too large to ensure that the tissue does not accidentally come out from between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22, and the spacing should not be too small to ensure that the tissue is not damaged due to excessive squeezing by the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22. In addition, the spacing should be set to a spacing at which the nails can be well formed and the tissue can be well nailed. In addition, in the example where a knife is provided in the nail magazine 21, the spacing should also ensure that the knife can effectively cut the tissue.
通过致动机构13和微调机构14,在将组织置于钉仓21和钉砧22之间后,医生可以通过操作扳机12,将工具组件20由打开状态切换至预闭合状态,以较大幅度地缩短钉仓21与钉砧22的间距。接着,医生可以通过操作微调操作件141,对钉仓21与钉砧22的间距进行微调,以将钉仓21与钉砧22的间距逐渐地(或者说连续地)缩短至与待处理的组织的厚度相适配,进而将工具组件20切换至闭合状态。根据这种构造,手术器械10能够较佳地适用于不同厚度的组织,并能够较为快速和方便地将工具组件20由打开状态切换至闭合状态。Through the actuating mechanism 13 and the fine-adjusting mechanism 14, after placing the tissue between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22, the doctor can switch the tool assembly 20 from the open state to the pre-closed state by operating the trigger 12, so as to significantly shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22. Then, the doctor can fine-tune the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 by operating the fine-adjusting operating member 141, so as to gradually (or continuously) shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 to match the thickness of the tissue to be treated, and then switch the tool assembly 20 to the closed state. According to this structure, the surgical instrument 10 can be preferably applied to tissues of different thicknesses, and the tool assembly 20 can be switched from the open state to the closed state more quickly and conveniently.
需要说明的是,在本公开的其它示例中,手术器械10可以不包括微调机构14。具体而言,致动机构13可以直接地(或者说,一步地)将工具组件20由打开状态切换至闭合状态。在这些示例中,工具组件20的第一状态为打开状态,工具组件20的第二状态为闭合状态。It should be noted that in other examples of the present disclosure, the surgical instrument 10 may not include the fine adjustment mechanism 14. Specifically, the actuating mechanism 13 may directly (or in other words, in one step) switch the tool assembly 20 from the open state to the closed state. In these examples, the first state of the tool assembly 20 is the open state, and the second state of the tool assembly 20 is the closed state.
击发机构12被构造为致使工具组件20击发。当工具组件20击发时,钉被推出钉仓22并在钉砧22引导下成型,进而将组织钉紧。在钉仓21内设有刀具的示例中,当工具组件20被击发时,刀具和钉一同被推出,从而切割和钉紧组织。例如,击发机构15可以由扳机12驱动。也就是说,致动机构13和击发机构15可以由同一个扳机12驱动。当然,在其它示例中,手术器械10可以包括两个扳机12,两个扳机12可以分别用于驱动致动机构13和击发机构15。 The firing mechanism 12 is configured to cause the tool assembly 20 to fire. When the tool assembly 20 fires, the nail is pushed out of the nail magazine 22 and formed under the guidance of the nail anvil 22, thereby nailing the tissue. In an example in which a cutter is provided in the nail magazine 21, when the tool assembly 20 is fired, the cutter and the nail are pushed out together, thereby cutting and nailing the tissue. For example, the firing mechanism 15 can be driven by the trigger 12. That is, the actuating mechanism 13 and the firing mechanism 15 can be driven by the same trigger 12. Of course, in other examples, the surgical instrument 10 may include two triggers 12, and the two triggers 12 can be used to drive the actuating mechanism 13 and the firing mechanism 15, respectively.
以上,对手术器械10的整体构造进行了示例性描述。下面,分别对手术器械10的不同组成部分的构造进行示例性的描述。The overall structure of the surgical instrument 10 is described above by way of example. The structures of different components of the surgical instrument 10 are described below by way of example.
致动机构的构造Actuation mechanism structure
参考图2和图3,致动机构13可以包括支架131,支架131能够被扳机12驱动而向近侧方向移动。例如,支架131可以被外壳11可移动地支撑,以能够在远-近方向上相对外壳11移动。钉仓21可以固定于外壳11,钉砧22可以固定于支架131,并且钉砧22可以位于钉仓21远侧并与钉仓21相对。2 and 3 , the actuating mechanism 13 may include a bracket 131, which can be driven by the trigger 12 to move in the proximal direction. For example, the bracket 131 may be movably supported by the housing 11 so as to be movable relative to the housing 11 in the distal-proximal direction. The nail magazine 21 may be fixed to the housing 11, the nail anvil 22 may be fixed to the bracket 131, and the nail anvil 22 may be located at the distal side of the nail magazine 21 and opposite to the nail magazine 21.
根据这种构造,随着支架131在扳机12的驱动下向近侧方向由其第一位置(即图2中的位置)移动至其第二位置(即图3中的位置),钉砧22将跟随支架131向近侧方向移动,从而钉仓21与钉砧22的间距将被缩短,进而工具组件20将由第一状态切换至第二状态。According to this structure, as the bracket 131 moves in the proximal direction from its first position (i.e., the position in FIG. 2 ) to its second position (i.e., the position in FIG. 3 ) under the drive of the trigger 12, the anvil 22 will follow the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction, so that the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the anvil 22 will be shortened, and then the tool assembly 20 will switch from the first state to the second state.
可以理解,在其它示例中,钉仓21可以固定于支架131,钉砧22可以固定于外壳111,且钉仓21可以位于钉砧22的远侧。这种方式同样可以实现通过向近侧方向移动支架131而缩短钉仓21与钉砧22的间距。It is understood that in other examples, the nail magazine 21 can be fixed to the bracket 131, the nail anvil 22 can be fixed to the housing 111, and the nail magazine 21 can be located at the distal side of the nail anvil 22. This method can also shorten the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 by moving the bracket 131 in the proximal direction.
需要说明的是,在本公开中,一个要素被另一个要素支撑,可以是指前者被后者直接支撑,也可以是指前者被后者间接地支撑,即前者被一个中间要素支撑,该中间要素被后者支撑。此外,在本公开中,当一个要素被描述为可移动且上下文中并未明示其相对于哪个对象可以移动时,可以认为该要素相对外壳11可移动。It should be noted that, in the present disclosure, when an element is supported by another element, it may mean that the former is directly supported by the latter, or it may mean that the former is indirectly supported by the latter, that is, the former is supported by an intermediate element, and the intermediate element is supported by the latter. In addition, in the present disclosure, when an element is described as movable and the context does not clearly indicate with respect to which object it can move, it can be considered that the element is movable relative to the housing 11.
本公开对支架131的构造不做具体设有。例如,参考图2,支架131可以包括框架部1311和细长部1312。细长部1312可以在远-近方向上延伸,框架部1311可以位于细长部1312的远端。框架部1311可以至少部分暴露在外壳11外,并位于外壳11的远端的远侧。钉仓21和钉砧22中的一者可以固定在框架部1311上,另一者可以固定在外壳11的远端。例如,框架部1311可以大致地呈矩形,钉仓21和钉砧22二者可以均位于框架部1311的内侧。框架部1311所在的圆弧直径不大于36mm,以保证对大多数人体组织进行吻合时能保证吻合后组织更顺应自然腔道的形态。The present disclosure does not specifically provide for the structure of the bracket 131. For example, referring to FIG. 2 , the bracket 131 may include a frame portion 1311 and an elongated portion 1312. The elongated portion 1312 may extend in the distal-proximal direction, and the frame portion 1311 may be located at the distal end of the elongated portion 1312. The frame portion 1311 may be at least partially exposed outside the housing 11 and located at the distal side of the distal end of the housing 11. One of the staple cartridge 21 and the staple anvil 22 may be fixed on the frame portion 1311, and the other may be fixed at the distal end of the housing 11. For example, the frame portion 1311 may be roughly rectangular, and both the staple cartridge 21 and the staple anvil 22 may be located on the inner side of the frame portion 1311. The diameter of the arc where the frame portion 1311 is located is not greater than 36 mm, so as to ensure that when performing anastomosis on most human tissues, the anastomosed tissue can better conform to the morphology of the natural cavity.
对于扳机12驱动支架131的方式,本公开不做具体限制。例如,扳机12可以直接向近侧方向推动支架131。又如,扳机12可以通过传动机构来间接地驱动支架131向近侧运动。例如,传动机构可以,但不限于,选自连杆传动机构、齿轮传动机构、链传动机构以及带传动机构中的一种或多种的组合。The present disclosure does not specifically limit the manner in which the trigger 12 drives the bracket 131. For example, the trigger 12 can directly push the bracket 131 in the proximal direction. For another example, the trigger 12 can indirectly drive the bracket 131 to move proximally through a transmission mechanism. For example, the transmission mechanism can be, but is not limited to, a combination of one or more selected from a connecting rod transmission mechanism, a gear transmission mechanism, a chain transmission mechanism, and a belt transmission mechanism.
作为一种实现方式,继续参考图2和图3,致动机构13还可以包括运动件132、定滑轮133和挠性件134。运动件132能够在扳机12的推动下向远侧方向移动。挠性件134的两端分别连接至运动件132和支架131,且挠性件134卷绕于定滑轮133以改变挠性件134的拉动方向。这样一来,随着运动件132在扳机12的推动下向远侧方向运动,挠性件134将拉动支架131向近侧方向移动,从而能够将工具组件20由第一状态切换至第二状态。As an implementation, with continued reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 , the actuating mechanism 13 may further include a moving member 132, a fixed pulley 133, and a flexible member 134. The moving member 132 can move in the distal direction under the push of the trigger 12. The two ends of the flexible member 134 are respectively connected to the moving member 132 and the bracket 131, and the flexible member 134 is wound around the fixed pulley 133 to change the pulling direction of the flexible member 134. In this way, as the moving member 132 moves in the distal direction under the push of the trigger 12, the flexible member 134 will pull the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction, thereby being able to switch the tool assembly 20 from the first state to the second state.
这种实现方式有利于简化致动机构13的结构并减少致动机构13构件数量,因而有利于降低手术器械10的整体尺寸、整体重量和制造成本,并有利于提高手术器械10的可靠性。This implementation method is helpful to simplify the structure of the actuating mechanism 13 and reduce the number of components of the actuating mechanism 13 , thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument 10 , and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument 10 .
在一个示例中,挠性件134可以为钢丝绳。在一个示例中,运动件132可以套设在细长部1312上以由细长部1312支撑,并能够沿细长部1312的延伸方向(即远-近方向)滑动。这种构造有利于简化手术器械10的结构,减少手术器械10的构件的数量。In one example, the flexible member 134 may be a steel wire rope. In one example, the moving member 132 may be sleeved on the elongated portion 1312 to be supported by the elongated portion 1312 and may slide along the extension direction (i.e., the distal-proximal direction) of the elongated portion 1312. This configuration is conducive to simplifying the structure of the surgical instrument 10 and reducing the number of components of the surgical instrument 10.
继续参见图2和图3,致动机构13还可以包括施力件135(即第二施力件),施力件135被构造为向远侧方向对运动件132施力。在施力件135的施加力的作用下,连接于运动件132的挠性件134将保持张紧,这有利于避免挠性件134意外地从滑轮133上脱落。此外,在医生操作扳机12驱动致动机构13向远侧方向运动的过程中,施力件135施加在运动件132上的力将会使得医生的操作更省力。2 and 3, the actuating mechanism 13 may further include a force-applying member 135 (i.e., a second force-applying member), which is configured to apply force to the moving member 132 in the distal direction. Under the force applied by the force-applying member 135, the flexible member 134 connected to the moving member 132 will remain tensioned, which helps to prevent the flexible member 134 from accidentally falling off the pulley 133. In addition, when the doctor operates the trigger 12 to drive the actuating mechanism 13 to move in the distal direction, the force applied by the force-applying member 135 on the moving member 132 will make the doctor's operation more labor-saving.
本公开对施力件135的实现方式不做具体设有。例如,施力件135可以为拉伸弹簧135。拉伸弹簧135的一端可以连接至运动件132,拉伸弹簧135的另一端可以连接至设于外壳11的内表面上的凸柱。The present disclosure does not specifically provide a method for implementing the force applying member 135. For example, the force applying member 135 may be a tension spring 135. One end of the tension spring 135 may be connected to the moving member 132, and the other end of the tension spring 135 may be connected to a protruding column provided on the inner surface of the housing 11.
继续参考图2和图3,致动机构13还可以包括施力件136(即第三施力件)和阻挡件137。施力件136被构造为向远侧方向对支架131施力。阻挡件137被构造为当支架131到达其第二位置后,阻挡运动件132的向近侧方向的运动,以将支架131保持在其第二位置。2 and 3, the actuating mechanism 13 may further include a force applying member 136 (i.e., a third force applying member) and a blocking member 137. The force applying member 136 is configured to apply force in the distal direction to the bracket 131. The blocking member 137 is configured to block the movement of the moving member 132 in the proximal direction after the bracket 131 reaches its second position, so as to keep the bracket 131 in its second position.
随着运动件132在扳机12的驱动下向远侧方向由其第一位置移动至其第二位置,支架131克服施力件136的施加力而向近侧方向移动。在支架131到达其第二位置后,阻挡件137将阻挡运动件132,以避免运动件132在施力件136的施加力的作用下向近侧方向移动,进而可释放地限制支架131由其第二位置返回其第一位置。As the moving member 132 moves from its first position to its second position in the distal direction under the drive of the trigger 12, the bracket 131 overcomes the force applied by the force applying member 136 and moves in the proximal direction. After the bracket 131 reaches its second position, the blocking member 137 blocks the moving member 132 to prevent the moving member 132 from moving in the proximal direction under the force applied by the force applying member 136, thereby releasably restricting the bracket 131 from returning from its second position to its first position.
这样一来,在将工具组件20由第一状态切换至第二状态后,即使医生松开扳机12,工具组件20将仍保持在第二状态,这为医生进行后续操作提供了方便和条件。在完成后续操作后,医生可以操作阻挡件137,使其释放运动件132。在被释放后,运动件132将在施力件136的施加力的作用下向近侧方向运动,从而带动支架131返回其第一位置,进而致使工具组件20切换至第一状态以释放钉仓21和钉砧22之间的组织。由此可见,通过施力件136和阻挡件137,闭合和打开工具组件20的操作将会更加方 便和可靠。In this way, after the tool assembly 20 is switched from the first state to the second state, even if the doctor releases the trigger 12, the tool assembly 20 will remain in the second state, which provides convenience and conditions for the doctor to perform subsequent operations. After completing the subsequent operations, the doctor can operate the blocking member 137 to release the moving member 132. After being released, the moving member 132 will move in the proximal direction under the force applied by the force-applying member 136, thereby driving the bracket 131 to return to its first position, thereby causing the tool assembly 20 to switch to the first state to release the tissue between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22. It can be seen that through the force-applying member 136 and the blocking member 137, the operation of closing and opening the tool assembly 20 will be more convenient. Convenient and reliable.
本公开对于阻挡件137的实现方式不做具体设有。作为一种实现方式,参考图3,阻挡件137可以包括操作部1371、阻挡部1372和连接部1373。操作部1371被构造为供医生操作。阻挡部1372被构造为阻挡运动件132的向近侧方向的运动(当支架131位于其第二位置时)。阻挡部1372和操作部1371分别绕一对大致平行的枢转轴a1,a2可枢转地被支撑(例如,被外壳11支撑)。连接部1373在操作部1371和阻挡部1372之间延伸且与二者一体成型,并被构造为当操作部1371被转动时,发生形变而致使阻挡部1372转动,以释放运动件132。The present disclosure does not make any specific provision for the implementation of the blocking member 137. As an implementation, referring to FIG3 , the blocking member 137 may include an operating portion 1371, a blocking portion 1372, and a connecting portion 1373. The operating portion 1371 is configured to be operated by a doctor. The blocking portion 1372 is configured to block the movement of the moving member 132 in the proximal direction (when the bracket 131 is in its second position). The blocking portion 1372 and the operating portion 1371 are pivotally supported (for example, supported by the housing 11) around a pair of substantially parallel pivot axes a1 , a2, respectively. The connecting portion 1373 extends between the operating portion 1371 and the blocking portion 1372 and is integrally formed with the two, and is configured to deform when the operating portion 1371 is rotated, causing the blocking portion 1372 to rotate to release the moving member 132.
在这种实现方式中,仅一个构件(即阻挡件137)便能够实现可释放地阻挡运动件132的向近侧方向的运动。因此,这种实现方式有利于减少手术器械10的构件的数量,进而有利于降低手术器械10的整体尺寸、整体重量和制造成本,并有利于提高手术器械10的可靠性。In this implementation, only one component (i.e., the blocking member 137) is able to releasably block the proximal movement of the moving member 132. Therefore, this implementation is conducive to reducing the number of components of the surgical instrument 10, thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument 10, and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument 10.
可以理解,阻挡件137的实现方式有多种,并不限于上述。例如,在其它示例中,阻挡件也可以被实现为弹簧和卡指的组合。It is understood that there are many ways to implement the blocking member 137, and it is not limited to the above. For example, in other examples, the blocking member can also be implemented as a combination of a spring and a latch finger.
本公开对于运动件132的构造不做具体设有。在一个示例中,参考图6,运动件132的近端设有一对渐扩面1321,一对渐扩面1321在宽度方向上间隔布置,并且被构造为随着向近侧方向延伸而二者的间距逐渐增大。在操作扳机12来驱动运动件132时,一对渐扩面1321能够引导扳机12,使得扳机12更好地与运动件132对准。The present disclosure does not specifically provide a structure of the moving member 132. In one example, referring to FIG6, the proximal end of the moving member 132 is provided with a pair of gradually expanding surfaces 1321, which are arranged at intervals in the width direction and are configured such that the spacing between the two gradually increases as they extend in the proximal direction. When the trigger 12 is operated to drive the moving member 132, the pair of gradually expanding surfaces 1321 can guide the trigger 12 so that the trigger 12 is better aligned with the moving member 132.
参考图7和图8,运动件132可以包括两部分1322,1323,两部分1322,1323可拆卸地装配在一起以构成运动件132。例如,两部分1322,1323可以通过分别设于二者上的插柱1324和插孔1325来实现可拆卸地装配在一起。例如,两部分1322,1323可以共同限定一供支架131的细长部1312穿过的通过孔1326,以方便将运动件132套设在支架131的细长部1312上。7 and 8 , the moving member 132 may include two parts 1322 and 1323, and the two parts 1322 and 1323 may be detachably assembled together to form the moving member 132. For example, the two parts 1322 and 1323 may be detachably assembled together by means of a plug post 1324 and a plug hole 1325 respectively disposed on the two parts. For example, the two parts 1322 and 1323 may jointly define a through hole 1326 for the elongated portion 1312 of the bracket 131 to pass through, so as to facilitate the moving member 132 to be sleeved on the elongated portion 1312 of the bracket 131.
需要说明的是,在本公开中,宽度方向可以是指与远-近方向正交的方向。在本公开的附图中,箭头Y+可以用于指示宽度方向的一侧,箭头X-可以用于指示宽度方向的另一侧。It should be noted that, in the present disclosure, the width direction may refer to a direction orthogonal to the far-near direction. In the drawings of the present disclosure, arrow Y+ may be used to indicate one side of the width direction, and arrow X- may be used to indicate the other side of the width direction.
以上,对致动机构进行了举例说明。可以理解,致动机构的实现方式有多种,并不限于上述。本公开对致动机构的构造不做具体限制,只要能在扳机的驱动下缩短钉仓和钉砧之间的间距即可。The above is an example of the actuating mechanism. It is understandable that there are many ways to implement the actuating mechanism, which are not limited to the above. The present disclosure does not impose any specific restrictions on the structure of the actuating mechanism, as long as the distance between the nail magazine and the nail anvil can be shortened under the drive of the trigger.
例如,在某些示例中,运动件可以通过其它的传动机构来驱动支架。该传动机构只要能将运动件的向远侧方向的运动转换为支架的向近侧方向的运动即可。例如,该传动机构可以包括分别固定于支架和运动件的一对齿条,并包括在一对齿条之间且与二者啮合的齿轮。For example, in some examples, the moving member can drive the bracket through other transmission mechanisms. The transmission mechanism only needs to be able to convert the distal movement of the moving member into the proximal movement of the bracket. For example, the transmission mechanism may include a pair of racks respectively fixed to the bracket and the moving member, and a gear between the pair of racks and meshing with the two racks.
又如,在某些示例中,致动机构可以不包括支架,运动件可以直接驱动钉仓和钉砧中的一者或两者,或者运动件可以通过其它传动机构来驱动钉仓和钉砧中的一者或两者,以缩短二者的间距,进而将工具组件由第一状态切换至第二状态。For example, in some examples, the actuating mechanism may not include a bracket, and the moving member may directly drive one or both of the nail magazine and the anvil, or the moving member may drive one or both of the nail magazine and the anvil through other transmission mechanisms to shorten the distance between the two, thereby switching the tool assembly from the first state to the second state.
微调机构的构造Structure of fine-tuning mechanism
参考图2至图4,微调机构14可以通过驱动支架131进一步向近侧方向移动,来对钉仓21与钉砧22的间距进行微调整。也就是说,微调机构14可以被构造为:当支架131到达第二位置后,微调机构14驱动支架131向近侧方向移动而对钉砧22与钉仓21的间距进行微调整。在这种实现方式中,微调机构14使用了致动机构13的支架131来实现其与工具组件20之间的传动,这有利于减少手术器械10的构件的数量,进而有利于降低手术器械10的整体尺寸、整体重量和制造成本,并有利于提高手术器械10的可靠性。Referring to FIGS. 2 to 4 , the fine-tuning mechanism 14 can fine-tune the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 by driving the bracket 131 to move further in the proximal direction. That is, the fine-tune mechanism 14 can be constructed such that when the bracket 131 reaches the second position, the fine-tune mechanism 14 drives the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction to fine-tune the distance between the nail anvil 22 and the nail magazine 21. In this implementation, the fine-tune mechanism 14 uses the bracket 131 of the actuating mechanism 13 to realize the transmission between it and the tool assembly 20, which is conducive to reducing the number of components of the surgical instrument 10, thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument 10, and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument 10.
当然,在其它示例中,微调机构14也可以不使用致动机构13的构件,而是通过其它的传动机构来驱动钉仓21和钉砧22中的一者和两者,进而实现对二者间距的微调整。Of course, in other examples, the fine-tuning mechanism 14 may not use components of the actuating mechanism 13, but may drive one or both of the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 through other transmission mechanisms, thereby achieving fine-tuning of the distance between the two.
微调机构14驱动支架131的方式有很多种。作为一种实现方式,继续参考图2至图4,支架131可以包括螺合部1313,微调机构14还可以包括微调件142。微调操作件141被构造为在被操作时驱动微调件142转动。微调件142被构造为与螺合部1313螺合,使得随着微调件142被转动,微调件142驱动支架12向近侧方向移动。在一个示例中,螺合部1313可以设有外螺纹,微调件142可以设有内螺纹。在其它示例中,螺合部1313可以设有内螺纹,微调件142可以设有外螺纹。There are many ways for the fine-tuning mechanism 14 to drive the bracket 131. As an implementation, with continued reference to Figures 2 to 4, the bracket 131 may include a screw-on portion 1313, and the fine-tuning mechanism 14 may further include a fine-tuning member 142. The fine-tuning operating member 141 is configured to drive the fine-tuning member 142 to rotate when operated. The fine-tuning member 142 is configured to be screwed with the screw-on portion 1313, so that as the fine-tuning member 142 is rotated, the fine-tuning member 142 drives the bracket 12 to move in the proximal direction. In one example, the screw-on portion 1313 may be provided with an external thread, and the fine-tuning member 142 may be provided with an internal thread. In other examples, the screw-on portion 1313 may be provided with an internal thread, and the fine-tuning member 142 may be provided with an external thread.
这种实现方式具有诸多优点。首先,这种实现方式具有较大的降速传动比,能够保证较高的调整精度。也就是说,即使将微调件142转过一个较大的角度,支架131也仅会向近侧方向移动一个较小的距离,这使得医生能够精确地、平顺地对钉仓21与钉砧22的间距进行微调整。此外,在支架131被微调件142驱动而向近侧方向移动后,即使医生松开微调操作件141,支架131也不会脱离微调件142而意外地返回其第二位置。因此,这种实现方式的安全性较高。此外,由于这种实现方式具有较大的降速传动比,因此转动微调操作件141的操作较为省力。This implementation has many advantages. First, this implementation has a large deceleration transmission ratio, which can ensure a high adjustment accuracy. In other words, even if the fine-tuning member 142 is turned through a large angle, the bracket 131 will only move a small distance in the proximal direction, which allows the doctor to accurately and smoothly fine-tune the spacing between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22. In addition, after the bracket 131 is driven by the fine-tuning member 142 to move in the proximal direction, even if the doctor releases the fine-tuning operating member 141, the bracket 131 will not be separated from the fine-tuning member 142 and accidentally return to its second position. Therefore, this implementation has a higher safety. In addition, since this implementation has a large deceleration transmission ratio, the operation of rotating the fine-tuning operating member 141 is more labor-saving.
需要说明的是,虽然在上述示例中,微调操作件141和微调件142是两个相互独立的构件,但是在其它示例中,微调操作件141和微调件142也可以为一个构件的两个部分,或者说,微调操作件141和微调件142可以一体形成。 It should be noted that, although in the above examples, the fine-tuning operating member 141 and the fine-tuning member 142 are two independent components, in other examples, the fine-tuning operating member 141 and the fine-tuning member 142 may also be two parts of a component, or in other words, the fine-tuning operating member 141 and the fine-tuning member 142 may be formed as one piece.
可以理解,微调机构14驱动支架131的方式并不限于上述。例如,在某些示例中,微调机构14可以包括棘轮和棘爪,支架131可以设有与棘轮啮合的齿条部,这样便可以通过转动棘轮来可锁止地驱动支架131向近侧方向移动。又如,在某些示例中,微调机构14可以包括蜗轮和蜗杆,支架131可以设有与蜗轮啮合的齿条部,从而可以通过转动蜗杆来驱动蜗轮并通过蜗轮来驱动齿条,进而实现可锁止地驱动支架131向近侧方向移动。又如,在某些示例中,微调机构14可以通过驱动运动件132向远侧方向移动来驱动支架131向近侧方向移动。It is understood that the manner in which the fine-tuning mechanism 14 drives the bracket 131 is not limited to the above. For example, in some examples, the fine-tuning mechanism 14 may include a ratchet and a pawl, and the bracket 131 may be provided with a rack portion meshed with the ratchet, so that the bracket 131 can be locked and driven to move in the proximal direction by rotating the ratchet. For another example, in some examples, the fine-tuning mechanism 14 may include a worm wheel and a worm, and the bracket 131 may be provided with a rack portion meshed with the worm wheel, so that the worm wheel can be driven by rotating the worm and the rack can be driven by the worm wheel, thereby achieving lockable driving of the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction. For another example, in some examples, the fine-tuning mechanism 14 can drive the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction by driving the moving member 132 to move in the distal direction.
继续参考图2至图4,微调操作件141设有容置空间1411,微调件142收容在容置空间1411内。微调件142被构造为在远-近方向上相对微调操作件141可移动,并被构造为跟随微调操作件141转动。微调件142位于螺合部1313的近侧,使得当支架131位于其第一位置时,微调件142与螺合部1313相间隔(如图2所示),并且当支架131位于其第二位置时,微调件142与螺合部1313相抵靠(如图3所示)。例如,螺合部1313可以位于支架131的近端处。微调机构14还可以包括施力件143(即第一施力件)。施力件143向远侧方向对微调件142施力,使得当支架131位于其第二位置时,施力件143将微调件142压靠在螺合部1313上。根据这种构造,当支架131位于其第二位置时,转动微调操作件141便能够致使微调件142与螺合部1313螺合。这种实现方式具有操作方便的优点。Continuing to refer to Figures 2 to 4, the fine-tuning operating member 141 is provided with a accommodating space 1411, and the fine-tuning member 142 is accommodated in the accommodating space 1411. The fine-tuning member 142 is configured to be movable relative to the fine-tuning operating member 141 in the far-near direction, and is configured to rotate with the fine-tuning operating member 141. The fine-tuning member 142 is located on the proximal side of the screw-fitting portion 1313, so that when the bracket 131 is located in its first position, the fine-tuning member 142 is spaced apart from the screw-fitting portion 1313 (as shown in Figure 2), and when the bracket 131 is located in its second position, the fine-tuning member 142 is abutted against the screw-fitting portion 1313 (as shown in Figure 3). For example, the screw-fitting portion 1313 can be located at the proximal end of the bracket 131. The fine-tuning mechanism 14 can also include a force applying member 143 (i.e., a first force applying member). The force applying member 143 applies force to the fine-tuning member 142 in the distal direction, so that when the bracket 131 is located at its second position, the force applying member 143 presses the fine-tuning member 142 against the screw-engaging portion 1313. According to this structure, when the bracket 131 is located at its second position, rotating the fine-tuning operating member 141 can cause the fine-tuning member 142 to be screwed with the screw-engaging portion 1313. This implementation has the advantage of easy operation.
继续参考图2至图4,微调操作件141还设有从容置空间1411延伸至微调操作件141的近端面的露出孔1412。微调机构14还包括指示件144,指示件144包括位于其外周的凸缘部1441。施力件143可以为弹性件143。弹性件143位于微调件142的近侧,凸缘部1441位于微调件142和弹性件143之间。随着微调机构14驱动支架131向近侧方向移动,支架131压靠于指示件144,使得指示件144的一部分经露出孔1412伸出到微调操作件141外,以指示钉砧22与钉仓21的间距。Continuing to refer to Figures 2 to 4, the fine-tuning operating member 141 is also provided with an exposure hole 1412 extending from the accommodating space 1411 to the proximal surface of the fine-tuning operating member 141. The fine-tuning mechanism 14 also includes an indicator 144, and the indicator 144 includes a flange portion 1441 located on its outer periphery. The force-applying member 143 can be an elastic member 143. The elastic member 143 is located on the proximal side of the fine-tuning member 142, and the flange portion 1441 is located between the fine-tuning member 142 and the elastic member 143. As the fine-tuning mechanism 14 drives the bracket 131 to move in the proximal direction, the bracket 131 presses against the indicator 144, so that a portion of the indicator 144 extends out of the fine-tuning operating member 141 through the exposure hole 1412 to indicate the distance between the anvil 22 and the nail magazine 21.
如图2所示,当工具组件20处于第一状态时,微调件142与螺合部1313相间隔,在弹性件143的迫压下,指示件144收缩在微调操作件141内。据此,医生可以判断出工具组件20当前处于第一状态。As shown in Fig. 2, when the tool assembly 20 is in the first state, the fine-tuning member 142 is spaced from the screw-engaging portion 1313, and the indicator member 144 is retracted in the fine-tuning operating member 141 under the pressure of the elastic member 143. Accordingly, the doctor can determine that the tool assembly 20 is currently in the first state.
如图3所示,当工具组件20切换至第二状态后,螺合部1313压靠于微调件142,使得弹性件143被压缩,指示件144部分地伸出到露出孔1412外。据此,医生可以判断出工具组件20已切换至第二状态。As shown in FIG3 , when the tool assembly 20 is switched to the second state, the screwing portion 1313 presses against the fine-tuning member 142, so that the elastic member 143 is compressed and the indicator member 144 partially extends out of the exposure hole 1412. Accordingly, the doctor can determine that the tool assembly 20 has been switched to the second state.
接着,随着转动微调操作件141,微调件142与螺合部1313开始螺合,使得微调件142逐渐向远侧方向移动,进而使得指示件144在弹性件143的迫压下向远侧方向移动,指示件144的露出部分的尺寸逐渐减小。在这一过程中,支架131并未向近侧方向移动。因此,在这一过程中,医生可以相对快速地转动微调操作件141,以使微调机构14快速走完空行程。Then, as the fine-tuning operating member 141 is rotated, the fine-tuning member 142 and the screw-engaging portion 1313 begin to be screwed together, so that the fine-tuning member 142 gradually moves toward the distal direction, and then the indicator member 144 moves toward the distal direction under the pressure of the elastic member 143, and the size of the exposed portion of the indicator member 144 gradually decreases. In this process, the bracket 131 does not move toward the proximal direction. Therefore, in this process, the doctor can rotate the fine-tuning operating member 141 relatively quickly to make the fine-tuning mechanism 14 quickly complete the idle stroke.
接着,如图4所示,当微调件142到达远侧方向上的极限位置后,随着继续转动微调操作件141,微调件142不再向远侧方向移动,指示件144也不再继续向远侧方向移动,并且指示件144开始在螺合部1313的迫压下逐渐向近侧方向移动。在这一过程中,指示件144露出的部分的尺寸不再继续减小,而是开始逐渐增大。据此,医生可以判断出支架131已经开始向近侧方向移动,钉仓21与钉砧22的间距已经开始减小。基于这样的判断,医生可以减缓转动微调操作件141的速度,以精准地调节钉仓21与钉砧22的间距,并依据指示件144露出的部分的尺寸来判断钉仓21与钉砧22的间距。Then, as shown in FIG. 4 , after the fine-tuning member 142 reaches the limit position in the distal direction, as the fine-tuning operating member 141 continues to rotate, the fine-tuning member 142 no longer moves in the distal direction, and the indicator member 144 no longer moves in the distal direction, and the indicator member 144 begins to gradually move in the proximal direction under the pressure of the screw-fitting portion 1313. In this process, the size of the exposed portion of the indicator member 144 no longer continues to decrease, but begins to gradually increase. Based on this, the doctor can judge that the bracket 131 has begun to move in the proximal direction, and the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 has begun to decrease. Based on such a judgment, the doctor can slow down the speed of rotating the fine-tuning operating member 141 to accurately adjust the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22, and judge the distance between the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 according to the size of the exposed portion of the indicator member 144.
根据这种构造,指示件144将能够帮助医生相对准确地判断工具组件20的状态和钉仓和钉砧的间距。According to this configuration, the indicator 144 can help the doctor to relatively accurately judge the state of the tool assembly 20 and the spacing between the nail cartridge and the nail anvil.
微调操作件141可以被外壳11可转动地支撑。作为一种实现方式,参见图9,微调操作件141可以由两部分1413,1414组成。两部分1413,1414可拆卸地装配在一起而构成微调操作件141。例如,容置空间1411可以由两部分1413,1414共同限定,使得当两部分1413,1414被拆开后,容置空间1411敞开。通过这种构造,微调件142、施力件143和指示件144能够被较为方便地放置到容置空间1411中。部分1414包括间隔布置地一对肩部1415,1416和位于二者之间的轴颈部1417。一对半壳体11-1,11-2共同限定一轴孔116。当一对半壳体11-1,11-2装配在一起构成外壳11后,轴颈部1417可转动地置于轴孔116内,且一对肩部1415,1416分别位于外壳11的内侧和外侧。这样,外壳11将可转动地支撑微调操作件141。The fine-tuning operating member 141 can be rotatably supported by the housing 11. As an implementation, referring to FIG. 9 , the fine-tuning operating member 141 can be composed of two parts 1413, 1414. The two parts 1413, 1414 are detachably assembled together to form the fine-tuning operating member 141. For example, the accommodating space 1411 can be jointly defined by the two parts 1413, 1414, so that when the two parts 1413, 1414 are disassembled, the accommodating space 1411 is open. Through this structure, the fine-tuning member 142, the force applying member 143 and the indicating member 144 can be placed in the accommodating space 1411 more conveniently. Part 1414 includes a pair of shoulders 1415, 1416 arranged at intervals and a shaft neck 1417 located therebetween. A pair of half shells 11-1, 11-2 jointly define an axial hole 116. When the pair of half shells 11 - 1 , 11 - 2 are assembled together to form the housing 11 , the journal 1417 is rotatably disposed in the shaft hole 116 , and the pair of shoulders 1415 , 1416 are respectively located on the inner side and the outer side of the housing 11 . In this way, the housing 11 can rotatably support the fine adjustment operating member 141 .
击发机构的构造The structure of the firing mechanism
参考图5和图10至图13,击发机构15可以包括推动件151、施力件152以及作用件153。推动件151位于运动件132在宽度方上的外侧,并且推动件151在远-近方向上可移动。施力件152被构造为向宽度方向上的内侧对推动件151施力。推动件151位于作用件153的近侧并与作用件153的近端相抵靠。作用件153具有细长的构造,其从推动件151处延伸至工具组件20处。With reference to Fig. 5 and Fig. 10 to Fig. 13, the firing mechanism 15 may include a pusher 151, a force member 152 and an action member 153. The pusher 151 is located outside the moving member 132 in the width direction, and the pusher 151 is movable in the far-near direction. The force member 152 is configured to apply force to the pusher 151 toward the inner side in the width direction. The pusher 151 is located on the proximal side of the action member 153 and abuts against the proximal end of the action member 153. The action member 153 has an elongated structure, which extends from the pusher 151 to the tool assembly 20.
需要说明的是,在本公开中,某个构件在宽度方向上的外侧可以是指该构件在宽度方向上的背离运动件132的一侧;某个构件在宽度方向上的内侧可以是指该构件在宽度方向上的面对运动件132的一侧。例如,在描述运动件132、推动件151、施力件152和扳机12的位置关系时,外侧可以是指图中所示的Y-侧,内侧可以是指图中所示的Y+侧。It should be noted that, in the present disclosure, the outer side of a certain component in the width direction may refer to the side of the component in the width direction away from the moving member 132; the inner side of a certain component in the width direction may refer to the side of the component in the width direction facing the moving member 132. For example, when describing the positional relationship between the moving member 132, the pushing member 151, the force applying member 152 and the trigger 12, the outer side may refer to the Y- side shown in the figure, and the inner side may refer to the Y+ side shown in the figure.
可以理解的是,在本公开中,“内”和“外”也可以是相对于手术器械10的中心轴线而言的,或者说, 内”和“外”可以是以手术器械10的中心轴线为参照物,该中心轴线可以由支架13的细长部1312限定。“向内”可以是指趋向该中心轴线,“向外”可以是指背离该中心轴线。It is understood that in the present disclosure, “inside” and “outside” may also be relative to the central axis of the surgical instrument 10, or in other words, "Inside" and "outside" may be referenced to the central axis of the surgical instrument 10, which may be defined by the elongated portion 1312 of the support 13. "Inward" may refer to the central axis, and "outward" may refer to the axis away from the central axis.
如图10所示,当在运动件132位于其第一位置时,即当工具组件20处于第一状态时,运动件132支撑推动件151,使得推动件151克服施力件152的施加力而保持在扳机12的移动路径之外。As shown in FIG. 10 , when the moving member 132 is in its first position, that is, when the tool assembly 20 is in the first state, the moving member 132 supports the pushing member 151 , so that the pushing member 151 overcomes the force applied by the force applying member 152 and remains outside the moving path of the trigger 12 .
如图10和图11所示,随着扳机12第一次被操作,扳机12推动运动件132,使得运动件132向远侧方向由其第一位置移动至其第二位置,进而工具组件20由第一状态切换至第二状态。在这一过程中,运动件132和扳机12依次支撑推动件151,使得推动件151克服施力件152的施加力而保持在扳机12的移动路径之外,以避免推动件151被扳机12向远侧方向推动。As shown in Figures 10 and 11, when the trigger 12 is operated for the first time, the trigger 12 pushes the moving member 132, so that the moving member 132 moves from its first position to its second position in the distal direction, and then the tool assembly 20 switches from the first state to the second state. In this process, the moving member 132 and the trigger 12 sequentially support the pushing member 151, so that the pushing member 151 overcomes the applied force of the force applying member 152 and remains outside the moving path of the trigger 12, so as to prevent the pushing member 151 from being pushed in the distal direction by the trigger 12.
如图11和图12所示,当扳机12被释放后,运动件132停留在其第二位置,扳机12在复位件121的驱动下返回至其初始位置。这时,运动件132和扳机12将不再支撑推动件151,施力件152将推动件151推入扳机12的移动路径。例如,此时,推动件151可以在施力件152的施加力的作用下向宽度方向上的内侧移动至与支架131(细长部1312)抵靠。As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 , when the trigger 12 is released, the moving member 132 stays at its second position, and the trigger 12 returns to its initial position under the drive of the reset member 121. At this time, the moving member 132 and the trigger 12 will no longer support the pushing member 151, and the force member 152 pushes the pushing member 151 into the moving path of the trigger 12. For example, at this time, the pushing member 151 can move inward in the width direction under the force applied by the force member 152 until it abuts against the bracket 131 (the elongated portion 1312).
如图12和图13所示,由于推动件151已进入到扳机12的移动路径中,因此随着扳机12第二次被操作,推动件151将在扳机12的推动下向远侧方向由移动,以推动作用件153向远侧方向移动,进而致使工具组件20击发。As shown in Figures 12 and 13, since the pushing member 151 has entered the moving path of the trigger 12, when the trigger 12 is operated for the second time, the pushing member 151 will move in the distal direction under the push of the trigger 12 to push the action member 153 to move in the distal direction, thereby causing the tool assembly 20 to fire.
通过推动件151和施力件152,实现了利用一个扳机12来依次地驱动致动机构13和击发机构15。相较于采用两个扳机12来分别驱动致动机构13和击发机构15,上述实现方式能够减少手术器械10的构件的数量,进而有利于降低手术器械10的整体尺寸、整体重量和制造成本,并有利于提高手术器械10的可靠性。Through the pusher 151 and the force-applying member 152, it is realized that one trigger 12 is used to sequentially drive the actuating mechanism 13 and the firing mechanism 15. Compared with using two triggers 12 to drive the actuating mechanism 13 and the firing mechanism 15 respectively, the above implementation can reduce the number of components of the surgical instrument 10, thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument 10, and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument 10.
重新参考图5,运动件132具有用于支撑推动件151的外侧面1327,扳机12具有用于支撑推动件151的外侧面122。运动件132的外侧面1327可以与扳机12的外侧面122基本平齐(例如,二者的距离可以小于2mm)。或者,运动件132的外侧面1327可以凸出超过扳机12的外侧面122。这样,在运动件132在扳机12的驱动下由其第一位置运动到其第二位置的过程中,推动件151能够从被运动件132支撑平顺地过渡至由扳机12支撑,以确保扳机12将不会向远侧方向推动推动件151。Referring again to FIG. 5 , the moving member 132 has an outer side 1327 for supporting the pusher 151, and the trigger 12 has an outer side 122 for supporting the pusher 151. The outer side 1327 of the moving member 132 can be substantially flush with the outer side 122 of the trigger 12 (e.g., the distance between the two can be less than 2 mm). Alternatively, the outer side 1327 of the moving member 132 can protrude beyond the outer side 122 of the trigger 12. In this way, during the movement of the moving member 132 from its first position to its second position under the drive of the trigger 12, the pusher 151 can smoothly transition from being supported by the moving member 132 to being supported by the trigger 12 to ensure that the trigger 12 will not push the pusher 151 in the distal direction.
参考图14至图17,推动件151可以设有支腿1511,手术器械10还可以包括导向件112。导向件112被构造为:在推动件151向近侧方向移动过程中(即击发后复位的过程中),导向件112与支腿1511配合,以引导推动件151向宽度方向上的外侧偏移而离开扳机12的运动路径并阻止推动件151再次进入扳机12的运动路径。14 to 17 , the pusher 151 may be provided with a leg 1511, and the surgical instrument 10 may further include a guide member 112. The guide member 112 is configured such that during the movement of the pusher 151 in the proximal direction (i.e., during the resetting process after firing), the guide member 112 cooperates with the leg 1511 to guide the pusher 151 to deviate outward in the width direction and leave the motion path of the trigger 12 and prevent the pusher 151 from entering the motion path of the trigger 12 again.
一次手术中,在工具组件20被击发后,通常不希望工具组件20被再次意外地击发。例如,若工具组件20被再次意外地击发,工具组件20可能会对患者造成意外的伤害。例如,刀具可能被再次被推出而会割伤组织。上述实现方式中,在击发机构15复位的过程中,通过支腿1511和导向件112的配合,推动件151将离开扳机12的运动路径。在击发机构15完成复位后,支腿1511与导向件112的配合将阻止推动件151再一次进入扳机12的运动路径中。这样,在完成击发后,即使医生再次意外地操作扳机12,工具组件20也不会被再次意外地击发。During an operation, after the tool assembly 20 is fired, it is usually not desired that the tool assembly 20 is accidentally fired again. For example, if the tool assembly 20 is accidentally fired again, the tool assembly 20 may cause unexpected harm to the patient. For example, the cutter may be pushed out again and cut the tissue. In the above implementation, during the resetting process of the firing mechanism 15, the pusher 151 will leave the movement path of the trigger 12 through the cooperation of the legs 1511 and the guide member 112. After the firing mechanism 15 is reset, the cooperation of the legs 1511 and the guide member 112 will prevent the pusher 151 from entering the movement path of the trigger 12 again. In this way, after the firing is completed, even if the doctor accidentally operates the trigger 12 again, the tool assembly 20 will not be accidentally fired again.
参考图14至图19,支腿1511可以包括导向部1512,导向部1512被构造为随着向近侧方向延伸而逐渐向宽度方向上的外侧倾斜。14 to 19 , the leg 1511 may include a guide portion 1512 configured to gradually incline toward the outside in the width direction as extending toward the proximal direction.
根据导向部1512的这种构造,如图18所示,在推动件151向远侧方向移动的过程中,当导向部1512与导向件112相遇时,导向部1512的远端比导向件112近端更靠内侧。这样一来,随着推动件151向远侧方向继续移动,导向件112将引导推动件151向内侧偏移,使得导向部1512在导向件112的内侧绕过导向件112,进而允许推动件151在扳机12的驱动下向远侧方向移动以击发工具组件20。According to this structure of the guide portion 1512, as shown in Fig. 18, during the process of the push member 151 moving in the distal direction, when the guide portion 1512 meets the guide member 112, the distal end of the guide portion 1512 is closer to the inner side than the proximal end of the guide member 112. In this way, as the push member 151 continues to move in the distal direction, the guide member 112 will guide the push member 151 to deviate inwardly, so that the guide portion 1512 bypasses the guide member 112 on the inner side of the guide member 112, thereby allowing the push member 151 to move in the distal direction under the drive of the trigger 12 to fire the tool assembly 20.
此外,根据导向部1512的这种构造,如图19所示,在推动件151向近侧方向移动的过程中,当导向部1512与导向件112相遇时,导向部1512的近端比导向件112远端更靠外侧。这样一来,随着推动件151向近侧方向继续移动,导向件112将引导推动件151向外侧偏移,使得导向部1512在导向件112的外侧绕过导向件112,进而致使推动件151向宽度方向上的外侧偏移以离开扳机12的移动路径。In addition, according to the structure of the guide portion 1512, as shown in Fig. 19, during the movement of the push member 151 in the proximal direction, when the guide portion 1512 meets the guide member 112, the proximal end of the guide portion 1512 is further outward than the distal end of the guide member 112. In this way, as the push member 151 continues to move in the proximal direction, the guide member 112 guides the push member 151 to deviate outward, so that the guide portion 1512 bypasses the guide member 112 on the outside of the guide member 112, thereby causing the push member 151 to deviate outward in the width direction to leave the moving path of the trigger 12.
通过上述分析可知,通过这种构造的导向部1512,支腿1511将允许推动件151在扳机12的推动下向远侧方向运动以击发工具组件20,并能够在击发后推动件151向近侧方向移动的过程中引导推动件151向宽度方向上的外侧偏移而离开扳机12的运动路径。From the above analysis, it can be known that, through the guide portion 1512 of this structure, the leg 1511 will allow the push member 151 to move in the distal direction under the push of the trigger 12 to fire the tool assembly 20, and can guide the push member 151 to deviate to the outside in the width direction and leave the movement path of the trigger 12 during the process of the push member 151 moving in the proximal direction after firing.
参考图14至图19,支腿1511还可以包括保持部1513,保持部1513位于导向部1512的远端处,并且保持部1513被构造为抵靠导向件112而阻止推动件151进入扳机12的运动路径。如图19所示,当推动件151向近侧方向移动至其极限位置后,保持部1513将抵靠导向件112,从而阻止推动件151再次进入扳机12的运动路径。需要说明的是,本公开对保持部1513的构造不做具体限定,只要保持部1513能够抵靠导向件112而阻止推动件151再次进入扳机12的运动路径即可。作为一个非限制性的示例,保持部1513可以被构造为与远-近方向大致平行,以使得其能够更稳定地与导向件112相抵靠。 With reference to FIGS. 14 to 19 , the leg 1511 may further include a retaining portion 1513, which is located at the distal end of the guide portion 1512 and is configured to abut against the guide member 112 to prevent the push member 151 from entering the motion path of the trigger 12. As shown in FIG. 19 , when the push member 151 moves to its extreme position in the proximal direction, the retaining portion 1513 will abut against the guide member 112, thereby preventing the push member 151 from entering the motion path of the trigger 12 again. It should be noted that the present disclosure does not specifically limit the configuration of the retaining portion 1513, as long as the retaining portion 1513 can abut against the guide member 112 to prevent the push member 151 from entering the motion path of the trigger 12 again. As a non-limiting example, the retaining portion 1513 may be configured to be substantially parallel to the far-near direction so that it can abut against the guide member 112 more stably.
继续参考图14至图19,导向件112具有位于其外侧的导向面1121。导向面1121被构造为与支腿1511配合。具体而言,在推动件151向近侧方向运动的过程中,导向面1121与导向部1512配合而引导推动件151向宽度方向上的外侧偏移;当推动件151向近侧方向运动运动至其极限位置后,导向面1121的近端与保持部1513相抵靠而阻止推动件151进入扳机12的运动路径。导向面1121可以被构造为随着向近侧方向延伸而逐渐向宽度方向上的外侧倾斜。导向面1121的这种构造有利于增大推动件151在导向件112的引导下向宽度方向上的外侧偏移的距离。Continuing to refer to FIGS. 14 to 19 , the guide member 112 has a guide surface 1121 located outside thereof. The guide surface 1121 is configured to cooperate with the leg 1511. Specifically, during the movement of the push member 151 in the proximal direction, the guide surface 1121 cooperates with the guide portion 1512 to guide the push member 151 to deviate outward in the width direction; when the push member 151 moves in the proximal direction to its extreme position, the proximal end of the guide surface 1121 abuts against the retaining portion 1513 to prevent the push member 151 from entering the movement path of the trigger 12. The guide surface 1121 can be configured to gradually tilt outward in the width direction as it extends in the proximal direction. This configuration of the guide surface 1121 is conducive to increasing the distance that the push member 151 deviates outward in the width direction under the guidance of the guide member 112.
继续参考图14至图19,导向件112的内侧面1122可以被构造为与远-近方向大致平行。在推动件151向远侧方向移动的过程中,导向件112的内侧面1122与支腿1511(的导向部1512)接触。由于导向件112的内侧面1122被构造为与远-近方向大致平行,因此其将不会或较少地导致推动件151向宽度方向上的内侧偏移。因此,导向件112的内侧面1122的这种构造有利于减小推动件151在导向件112的引导下向宽度方向上的内侧偏移的距离。若推动件151过多地向宽度方向上的内侧偏移,则可能会与其它构件(例如支架131的细长部1312)挤压而造成支腿1511损坏。Continuing to refer to Figures 14 to 19, the inner side 1122 of the guide member 112 can be constructed to be roughly parallel to the far-near direction. In the process of the pusher 151 moving in the far-side direction, the inner side 1122 of the guide member 112 contacts the leg 1511 (the guide portion 1512). Since the inner side 1122 of the guide member 112 is constructed to be roughly parallel to the far-near direction, it will not or less cause the pusher 151 to deviate inwardly in the width direction. Therefore, this structure of the inner side 1122 of the guide member 112 is conducive to reducing the distance of the pusher 151 deviating inwardly in the width direction under the guidance of the guide member 112. If the pusher 151 deviates too much inwardly in the width direction, it may be squeezed with other components (such as the elongated portion 1312 of the bracket 131) to cause the leg 1511 to be damaged.
导向件112的实现方式有多种,本公开对此不做具体限定。例如,导向件112可以为形成在外壳11的内表面上的凸起。当然,在其它示例中,导向件112也可以为安装在外壳11上的独立的构件。There are many ways to implement the guide member 112, which is not specifically limited in the present disclosure. For example, the guide member 112 can be a protrusion formed on the inner surface of the housing 11. Of course, in other examples, the guide member 112 can also be an independent component installed on the housing 11.
作为一种实现方式,参考图16,外壳11的内表面上可以设有引导槽113,引导槽113在远-近方向上延伸。推动件151置于引导槽113内,以在引导槽113的引导下在远-近方向上移动。例如,引导槽113在远-近方向上的两个端面1131可以分别限定推动件151的在远-近方向上的两个极限位置。As an implementation, referring to FIG16 , a guide groove 113 may be provided on the inner surface of the housing 11, and the guide groove 113 extends in the far-near direction. The pusher 151 is placed in the guide groove 113 to move in the far-near direction under the guidance of the guide groove 113. For example, two end surfaces 1131 of the guide groove 113 in the far-near direction may respectively define two extreme positions of the pusher 151 in the far-near direction.
推动件151可以包括两个支腿1511,两个支腿1511可以分别位于推动件151在高度方向上的两侧。对应地,致动机构13包括两个导向件112,两个导向件112分别设于引导槽113在高度方上的两个侧壁1132上以分别与两个导向件112配合。通过这种构造,推动件151的运动过程将更为稳定、平顺。The pusher 151 may include two legs 1511, and the two legs 1511 may be located at two sides of the pusher 151 in the height direction. Correspondingly, the actuating mechanism 13 includes two guide members 112, and the two guide members 112 are respectively arranged on two side walls 1132 of the guide groove 113 in the height direction to respectively cooperate with the two guide members 112. Through this structure, the movement process of the pusher 151 will be more stable and smooth.
需要说明的是,在本公开中,高度方向可以是指与远-近方向和宽度方向二者均正交的方向。在本公开的附图中,箭头Z+可以用于指示高度方向的一侧,箭头Z-可以用于指示高度方向的另一侧。It should be noted that, in the present disclosure, the height direction may refer to a direction orthogonal to both the far-near direction and the width direction. In the drawings of the present disclosure, arrow Z+ may be used to indicate one side of the height direction, and arrow Z- may be used to indicate the other side of the height direction.
参考图16和图17,引导槽的113可以包括在远侧方向上依次布置的第一段槽和第二段槽,第二段槽的底面1134向内凸出超过第一段槽的底面1133,换句话说,第二段槽的底面1134朝向推动件151凸出超过第一段槽的底面1133。在推动件151的移动过程中,推动件151的远端可以位于第二段槽中,以确保其远端始终与作用件153的近端相抵靠。第一段槽能够为推动件151的近端提供避让空间,以允许推动件151位于扳机12的移动路径之外。此外,根据这种构造,外壳11仅在第一段槽处的厚度较薄,这有利于保证外壳11具有足够的强度。16 and 17, the guide groove 113 may include a first section groove and a second section groove sequentially arranged in the distal direction, and the bottom surface 1134 of the second section groove protrudes inwardly beyond the bottom surface 1133 of the first section groove. In other words, the bottom surface 1134 of the second section groove protrudes toward the pusher 151 beyond the bottom surface 1133 of the first section groove. During the movement of the pusher 151, the distal end of the pusher 151 may be located in the second section groove to ensure that the distal end thereof always abuts against the proximal end of the action member 153. The first section groove can provide an escape space for the proximal end of the pusher 151 to allow the pusher 151 to be located outside the moving path of the trigger 12. In addition, according to this configuration, the thickness of the housing 11 is thinner only at the first section groove, which is conducive to ensuring that the housing 11 has sufficient strength.
参考图16和图17,引导槽的113还包括位于第一段槽和第二端槽之间的第三段槽,第三段槽的底面1135被构造为从第一段槽的底面1133延伸至第二段槽的底面1134的坡面1135。在推动件151在远-近方向上移动的过程中,坡面1135有利于减小推动件151和施力件152被卡滞的风险。16 and 17, the guide groove 113 further includes a third groove section located between the first groove section and the second end groove, and the bottom surface 1135 of the third groove section is configured as a slope surface 1135 extending from the bottom surface 1133 of the first groove section to the bottom surface 1134 of the second groove section. When the pusher 151 moves in the far-near direction, the slope surface 1135 helps to reduce the risk of the pusher 151 and the force-applying member 152 being stuck.
参考图14和图20,推动件151在其外侧设有安置槽1514。施力件152被构造为弹片152。弹片152的两端置于安置槽1514内,以跟随推动件151在远-近方向上移动。弹片152的中部向其外侧隆起以形成具有平滑的弧状的外侧面1521,外侧面1521抵靠在外壳11的内表面上。在这种实现方式中,当推动件151在远-近方向上移动时,施力件152与外壳11的内表面之间的摩擦力较小,且施力件152被外壳11卡滞的风险也较小。Referring to Figures 14 and 20, the push member 151 is provided with a seating groove 1514 on its outer side. The force-applying member 152 is constructed as a spring sheet 152. Both ends of the spring sheet 152 are placed in the seating groove 1514 to follow the push member 151 to move in the far-near direction. The middle part of the spring sheet 152 bulges toward its outer side to form a smooth arc-shaped outer side surface 1521, and the outer side surface 1521 abuts against the inner surface of the shell 11. In this implementation, when the push member 151 moves in the far-near direction, the friction between the force-applying member 152 and the inner surface of the shell 11 is small, and the risk of the force-applying member 152 being stuck by the shell 11 is also small.
参考图5和图15,推动件151还设有凸出部1515,凸出部1515位于推动件151的近端处且向推动件151在宽度方向上的内侧凸出。推动件151被构造为通过凸出部1515来被运动件132和扳机12支撑。也就是说,当运动件132位于其第一位置时,凸出部1515与运动件132的外表面1327相抵靠,使得推动件151被运动件132支撑;在运动件132由其第一位置时移动至其第二位置的过程中,凸出部1515依次与运动件132的外表面1327和扳机12的外表面122相抵靠,使得推动件151依次被运动件132和扳机12支撑。5 and 15, the pusher 151 is further provided with a protrusion 1515, which is located at the proximal end of the pusher 151 and protrudes toward the inner side of the pusher 151 in the width direction. The pusher 151 is configured to be supported by the moving member 132 and the trigger 12 through the protrusion 1515. That is, when the moving member 132 is located at its first position, the protrusion 1515 abuts against the outer surface 1327 of the moving member 132, so that the pusher 151 is supported by the moving member 132; in the process of the moving member 132 moving from its first position to its second position, the protrusion 1515 abuts against the outer surface 1327 of the moving member 132 and the outer surface 122 of the trigger 12 in turn, so that the pusher 151 is supported by the moving member 132 and the trigger 12 in turn.
根据这种构造,推动件151的近端的厚度将较大,即推动件151的近端面1516的宽度较大。这样,在推动件151被扳机12推动的过程中,推动件151与扳机12的接触面积将较大,这有利于提高推动的过程的稳定性,确保推动过程中推动件151与扳机12的结合足够稳定和可靠。此外,根据这种构造,当推动件151被运动件132或扳机12支撑时,推动件151与运动件132或扳机12的接触面积较小(仅凸出部1515的内侧面与它们接触),这有利于减少运动件132或扳机12与推动件151相对运动时的摩擦力,从而使得驱动运动件132向远侧方向移动的过程更省力。According to this structure, the thickness of the proximal end of the pusher 151 will be larger, that is, the width of the proximal end surface 1516 of the pusher 151 is larger. Like this, in the process that the pusher 151 is pushed by the trigger 12, the contact area of the pusher 151 and the trigger 12 will be larger, which is conducive to improving the stability of the process of pushing, and ensuring that the combination of the pusher 151 and the trigger 12 in the process of pushing is sufficiently stable and reliable. In addition, according to this structure, when the pusher 151 is supported by the moving member 132 or the trigger 12, the contact area of the pusher 151 and the moving member 132 or the trigger 12 is small (only the inner side of the protrusion 1515 contacts them), which is conducive to reducing the friction force when the moving member 132 or the trigger 12 moves relative to the pusher 151, thereby making the process of driving the moving member 132 to move in the distal direction more labor-saving.
参考图5,击发机构15还可以包括施力件154,施力件154被构造为向近侧方向对作用件153施力。这样,在完成击发后,在施力件154的施加力的作用下,作用件153将向近侧方向移动,并带动推动件151向近侧方向移动,使得击发机构15复位,并使得工具组件20的击发件(和刀具)复位。5 , the firing mechanism 15 may further include a force applying member 154, which is configured to apply force to the action member 153 in the proximal direction. Thus, after the firing is completed, under the force applied by the force applying member 154, the action member 153 will move in the proximal direction, and drive the push member 151 to move in the proximal direction, so that the firing mechanism 15 is reset, and the firing member (and the knife) of the tool assembly 20 is reset.
作为一个示例,施力件154可以为压缩弹簧154。压缩弹簧154的一端可以抵靠作用件153,另一端可以抵靠外壳11的支撑结构。 As an example, the force applying member 154 may be a compression spring 154. One end of the compression spring 154 may abut against the action member 153, and the other end may abut against the supporting structure of the housing 11.
以上,对击发机构进行了举例说明。应当理解,击发机构的实现方式有多种,并不限于上述。本公开对击发机构的构造不做具体限制,只要能在扳机的驱动致使工具组件击发即可。The firing mechanism is described above by way of example. It should be understood that there are many ways to implement the firing mechanism, which are not limited to the above. The present disclosure does not impose any specific restrictions on the structure of the firing mechanism, as long as the tool assembly can be fired when the trigger is driven.
例如,在某些示例中,击发机构可以不包括作用件,推动件可以从扳机处延伸至工具组件处,以在扳机的驱动下直接击发工具组件,或者推动件可以通过其它构件或机构与工具组件传动连结,以在扳机的驱动下间接地击发工具组件。For example, in some examples, the firing mechanism may not include an action member, and a push member may extend from the trigger to the tool assembly to directly fire the tool assembly under the drive of the trigger, or the push member may be connected to the tool assembly through other components or mechanisms to indirectly fire the tool assembly under the drive of the trigger.
又如,在某些示例中,击发机构可以不包括推动件,扳机可以直接驱动作用件。在该示例中,手术器械可以包括两个扳机,两个扳机可以分别用于驱动致动机构和击发机构。For example, in some examples, the firing mechanism may not include a pusher, and the trigger may directly drive the action member. In this example, the surgical instrument may include two triggers, which may be used to drive the actuating mechanism and the firing mechanism, respectively.
工具组件及手术器械的其它部分的构造Construction of tool assemblies and other parts of surgical instruments
工具组件20可以可拆卸地安装在手术器械10上,使得手术器械10可以通过更换工具组件20来被多次使用。图21示出了将工具组件20拆下后的手术器械10。当然,在某些示例中,工具组件20可以被构造为无法通过不破坏手术器械10的方式从其上拆下,即手术器械10也可以是一次性的。The tool assembly 20 can be detachably mounted on the surgical instrument 10, so that the surgical instrument 10 can be used multiple times by replacing the tool assembly 20. Fig. 21 shows the surgical instrument 10 after the tool assembly 20 is removed. Of course, in some examples, the tool assembly 20 can be constructed so that it cannot be removed from the surgical instrument 10 without destroying it, that is, the surgical instrument 10 can also be disposable.
参考图22,工具组件20可以包括钉仓21、钉砧22和击发件23。钉仓21内可以存放有钉24。在某些示例中,钉仓21内还可以设有刀具25。刀具25可以与击发件23传动连结,以跟随击发件23在远-近方向上移动。22, the tool assembly 20 may include a nail magazine 21, a nail anvil 22, and a firing member 23. The nail magazine 21 may store nails 24. In some examples, a knife 25 may be provided in the nail magazine 21. The knife 25 may be transmission-connected with the firing member 23 to follow the firing member 23 to move in the far-near direction.
参考图22,工具组件20在安装至手术器械10时,即在工具组件位于第一状态时,钉仓21与钉砧22被限定于支架的远端部,且处于相互远离的稳定状态。钉仓21、钉砧22及滑柱26共同围设成窗口,与便于手术时组织容易进入窗口空间内,便于医生操作调整,且窗口能提供的术野便于观察。Referring to Fig. 22, when the tool assembly 20 is mounted on the surgical instrument 10, that is, when the tool assembly is in the first state, the nail magazine 21 and the nail anvil 22 are confined to the distal end of the bracket and are in a stable state away from each other. The nail magazine 21, the nail anvil 22 and the slide post 26 are together formed into a window, which is convenient for the tissue to enter the window space during surgery, convenient for the doctor to operate and adjust, and the surgical field provided by the window is easy to observe.
击发件23可以与击发机构15的作用件153传动连结,以跟随作用件153在远-近方向上移动。当作用件153向远侧方向移动时,击发件23在作用件153的推动下向远侧方向移动并将钉24和刀具25从钉仓21中推出,从而击发工具组件20。击发后,随着作用件153向近侧方向移动,击发件23在作用件153驱动下向近侧方向移动,并带动刀具25使其返回到钉仓21内,以避免刀具25意外地割伤组织。The firing member 23 can be connected to the action member 153 of the firing mechanism 15 in a transmission manner so as to move in the distal-proximal direction following the action member 153. When the action member 153 moves in the distal direction, the firing member 23 moves in the distal direction under the push of the action member 153 and pushes the nail 24 and the cutter 25 out of the nail magazine 21, thereby firing the tool assembly 20. After firing, as the action member 153 moves in the proximal direction, the firing member 23 moves in the proximal direction under the drive of the action member 153 and drives the cutter 25 to return to the nail magazine 21 to prevent the cutter 25 from accidentally cutting the tissue.
为了方便、快速地将工具组件20安装到手术器械10上或从手术器械10上拆下,击发件23可以被构造为与作用件153可拆卸地卡合而与作用件153传动连结。In order to conveniently and quickly install the tool assembly 20 on or remove it from the surgical instrument 10 , the firing member 23 can be constructed to be detachably engaged with the action member 153 and transmission-connected with the action member 153 .
参考图21至图25,作用件153包括设于其远端的卡合部1531,击发件23包括与卡合部1531相适配的配合部231。卡合部1531被构造为与配合部231可拆卸地卡合,使得击发件23在远-近方向上跟随作用件153移动。21 to 25 , the action member 153 includes a snap-fit portion 1531 disposed at its distal end, and the firing member 23 includes a matching portion 231 adapted to the snap-fit portion 1531. The snap-fit portion 1531 is configured to be detachably engaged with the matching portion 231, so that the firing member 23 moves following the action member 153 in the far-near direction.
手术器械10还可以包括接合操作件16,接合操作件16被构造为供医生操作。接合操作件16包括迫压部161。The surgical instrument 10 may further include an engagement operating member 16 configured to be operated by a doctor. The engagement operating member 16 includes a pressing portion 161 .
在安装过程中,当接合操作件16被操作时,迫压部161迫压作用件153,使得作用件153的远端向宽度方向上的一侧(即Y-侧)偏移而避开向近侧方向移动的击发件23,进而允许击发件23向近侧方向移动至配合部231与卡合部1531能够卡合的目标位置。在接合操作件16被释放后,作用件153的远端复位,使得卡合部1531与位于目标位置的配合部231卡合。During the installation process, when the engagement operating member 16 is operated, the pressing portion 161 presses the action member 153, so that the distal end of the action member 153 is offset to one side in the width direction (i.e., the Y-side) to avoid the firing member 23 moving in the proximal direction, thereby allowing the firing member 23 to move in the proximal direction to a target position where the matching portion 231 and the engaging portion 1531 can engage. After the engagement operating member 16 is released, the distal end of the action member 153 is reset, so that the engaging portion 1531 engages with the matching portion 231 at the target position.
在拆卸过程中,当接合操作件16被操作时,迫压部161迫压作用件153,使得作用件153的远端向宽度方向上的一侧偏移而避开击发件23,进而使得卡合部1531与配合部231分离。接着,可以向远侧方向移动工具组件20,以将工具组件20从手术器械10上拆下。During the disassembly process, when the engagement operating member 16 is operated, the pressing portion 161 presses the action member 153, so that the distal end of the action member 153 deviates to one side in the width direction and avoids the firing member 23, thereby separating the engaging portion 1531 from the matching portion 231. Then, the tool assembly 20 can be moved in the distal direction to be removed from the surgical instrument 10.
由此可见,通过这种实现方式,工具组件20能够被方便、快速地安装到手术器械10上或从手术器械10上拆下。It can be seen that, through this implementation, the tool assembly 20 can be conveniently and quickly installed on or removed from the surgical instrument 10.
继续参考图21至图25,接合操作件16还可以包括止挡部162,钉仓21还包括限制部211。止挡部162被构造为与限制部211接合,以避免钉仓21通过向远侧方移动而与接合操作件16分离。21 to 25 , the engagement member 16 may further include a stopper 162, and the staple cartridge 21 may further include a limiting portion 211. The stopper 162 is configured to engage with the limiting portion 211 to prevent the staple cartridge 21 from being separated from the engagement member 16 by moving distally.
在安装过程中,当接合操作件16被操作时,迫压部161迫压作用件153,使得作用件153偏移而避开向近侧方向移动的击发件23,并且止挡部162偏移而避开向近侧方向移动的钉仓21,进而允许击发件23向近侧方向移动至配合部231与卡合部1531能够卡合的目标位置,并允许和钉仓21向近侧方向移动至止挡部162能够与限制部211接合的位置。接着,在接合操作件16被释放后,作用件153的远端复位以使卡合部1531与配合部231卡合,并且止挡部162复位而与限制部211接合。During the installation process, when the engagement operating member 16 is operated, the pressing portion 161 presses the action member 153, so that the action member 153 is offset to avoid the firing member 23 moving in the proximal direction, and the stopper portion 162 is offset to avoid the nail magazine 21 moving in the proximal direction, thereby allowing the firing member 23 to move in the proximal direction to the target position where the matching portion 231 and the engaging portion 1531 can engage, and allowing the nail magazine 21 to move in the proximal direction to the position where the stopper portion 162 can engage with the limiting portion 211. Then, after the engagement operating member 16 is released, the distal end of the action member 153 is reset to enable the engaging portion 1531 to engage with the matching portion 231, and the stopper portion 162 is reset to engage with the limiting portion 211.
在拆卸过程中,当接合操作件16被操作时,作用件153的远端在迫压部161的迫压下偏移而避开击发件23而使卡合部1531与配合部231分离,并且止挡部162偏移而避开钉仓21而使止挡部162与限制部211分离。接着,可以向远侧方向移动工具组件20,以将工具组件20从手术器械10上拆下。During the disassembly process, when the engagement operating member 16 is operated, the distal end of the action member 153 is biased under the pressure of the pressing portion 161 to avoid the firing member 23, so that the engaging portion 1531 is separated from the matching portion 231, and the stopper portion 162 is biased to avoid the nail magazine 21, so that the stopper portion 162 is separated from the limiting portion 211. Then, the tool assembly 20 can be moved in the distal direction to be disassembled from the surgical instrument 10.
在这种实现方式中,安装时,仅通过对接合操作件16进行一次操作,便能够将作用件153连结至击发件23并将钉仓21连结至接合操作件16。拆卸时,仅通过对接合操作件16进行一次操作,便能够将作用件153击发件23分离并将钉仓21与接合操作件16分离。由此可见,通过这种实现方式,工具组件20能够被更为方便、快速地安装到手术器械10上或从手术器械10上拆下。In this implementation, during installation, the action member 153 can be connected to the firing member 23 and the staple cartridge 21 can be connected to the engagement operating member 16 by operating the engagement operating member 16 only once. During disassembly, the action member 153 and the firing member 23 can be separated and the staple cartridge 21 can be separated from the engagement operating member 16 by operating the engagement operating member 16 only once. It can be seen that, through this implementation, the tool assembly 20 can be more conveniently and quickly installed on or removed from the surgical instrument 10.
继续参考图21至图25,接合操作件16可以绕枢转轴线a3可转动地被支撑。迫压部161和止挡部162可以分别位于枢转轴线a3的两侧,使得当接合操作件16被操作而绕枢转轴线a3转动时(例如,沿 图24和图25中的逆时针方向转动),卡合部1531与止挡部162彼此远离(例如,卡合部1531向Y-侧移动偏移,而止挡部162向Y+侧移动偏移)。21 to 25, the engagement operating member 16 may be rotatably supported about the pivot axis a3 . The pressing portion 161 and the stopper portion 162 may be located on both sides of the pivot axis a3 , so that when the engagement operating member 16 is operated to rotate about the pivot axis a3 (for example, along the 24 and 25 ), the engaging portion 1531 and the stopping portion 162 move away from each other (for example, the engaging portion 1531 moves toward the Y- side, while the stopping portion 162 moves toward the Y+ side).
在这种实现方式中,当接合操作件16被操作时卡合部1531与止挡部162彼此远离,这使得卡合部1531与止挡部162之间的空间较宽阔,从而在安装时,钉仓21和击发件23能够被较为方便地移动至目标位置,并且在拆卸时,钉仓21和击发件23能够被较为方便地从目标位置被移开。由此可见,通过这种实现方式,工具组件20能够被更为方便、快速地安装到手术器械10上或从手术器械10上拆下。In this implementation, when the engagement operating member 16 is operated, the engaging portion 1531 and the stopper 162 are moved away from each other, which makes the space between the engaging portion 1531 and the stopper 162 wider, so that when installing, the nail magazine 21 and the firing member 23 can be moved to the target position more conveniently, and when disassembling, the nail magazine 21 and the firing member 23 can be moved away from the target position more conveniently. It can be seen that through this implementation, the tool assembly 20 can be installed on or removed from the surgical instrument 10 more conveniently and quickly.
参考图24和图25,手术器械10还可以包括压缩弹簧163,压缩弹簧163套设在迫压部161上。压缩弹簧163被构造为未被压缩时的长度大于迫压部161的长度,使得当接合操作件16未被操作时,压缩弹簧163的两端分别迫压作用件153和接合操作件16。根据这种构造,当接合操作件16未被操作时,在压缩弹簧163的迫压下,接合操作件16将被保持在未被操作时的极限位置,以保持止挡部162和限制部211的良好接合。24 and 25, the surgical instrument 10 may further include a compression spring 163, which is sleeved on the pressing portion 161. The compression spring 163 is configured such that the length when not compressed is greater than the length of the pressing portion 161, so that when the engagement operating member 16 is not operated, the two ends of the compression spring 163 respectively press the action member 153 and the engagement operating member 16. According to this configuration, when the engagement operating member 16 is not operated, under the pressure of the compression spring 163, the engagement operating member 16 will be maintained at the limit position when not operated, so as to maintain good engagement between the stopper 162 and the limiting portion 211.
继续参考图21至图25,接合操作件16可以绕枢转轴线a3可转动地被外壳11支撑。具体而言,外壳11设有转轴部114,转轴部114设有枢转轴线a3,接合操作件16包括枢转部164,枢转部164地被转轴部114可枢转支撑。这种实现方式具有结构简单、拆卸方便和连结可靠等诸多优点。21 to 25, the engagement operating member 16 can be rotatably supported by the housing 11 around the pivot axis a3 . Specifically, the housing 11 is provided with a shaft portion 114, the shaft portion 114 is provided with a pivot axis a3 , and the engagement operating member 16 includes a pivot portion 164, and the pivot portion 164 is pivotably supported by the shaft portion 114. This implementation has many advantages such as simple structure, convenient disassembly, and reliable connection.
可以理解,在本公开的其它示例中,也可以是,外壳11设有枢转部164,而接合操作件16设有转轴部114。It can be understood that in other examples of the present disclosure, the housing 11 may be provided with a pivot portion 164 , and the engaging operating member 16 may be provided with a rotating shaft portion 114 .
本公开对于卡合部1531和配合部231的构造不做具体限制,二者只要能够可拆卸地卡合即可。作为一个示例,继续参考图21至图25,作用件153可以包括两个卡合部1531,两个卡合部1531位于作用件153的远端处且分别位于作用件153在高度方向上的两侧。每个卡合部1531为在高度方向上凸出的凸块1531。击发件23可以设有分别与两个卡合部1531对应的两个配合部231,每个配合部231被构造为与一对应的卡合部1531适配的凹陷部231。这种实现方式具有结构简单、拆卸方便和连结可靠等诸多优点。The present disclosure does not impose any specific restrictions on the construction of the engaging portion 1531 and the matching portion 231, as long as the two can be detachably engaged. As an example, with continued reference to Figures 21 to 25, the action member 153 may include two engaging portions 1531, and the two engaging portions 1531 are located at the distal end of the action member 153 and are respectively located on both sides of the action member 153 in the height direction. Each engaging portion 1531 is a convex block 1531 protruding in the height direction. The firing member 23 may be provided with two matching portions 231 corresponding to the two engaging portions 1531, respectively, and each matching portion 231 is constructed as a recessed portion 231 adapted to a corresponding engaging portion 1531. This implementation method has many advantages such as simple structure, convenient disassembly, and reliable connection.
本公开对于止挡部162和限制部211的构造不做具体限制,二者只要能够可拆卸地接合即可。作为一个示例,继续参考图21至图25,止挡部162被构造为卡块162,和限制部211被构造为与卡块162相适配的卡槽211或卡孔211。这种实现方式具有结构简单、拆卸方便和连结可靠等诸多优点。The present disclosure does not impose any specific restrictions on the structure of the stopper 162 and the limiting portion 211, as long as the two can be detachably connected. As an example, referring to Figures 21 to 25, the stopper 162 is configured as a block 162, and the limiting portion 211 is configured as a slot 211 or a hole 211 adapted to the block 162. This implementation has many advantages such as simple structure, easy disassembly, and reliable connection.
继续参考图21至图25,钉仓21的近端可以设有插入部212,外壳11的远端可以设有与插入部212的相适配的接收部115,接收部115可以被构造为供插入部212插入以支撑钉仓21。Continuing to refer to FIGS. 21 to 25 , the proximal end of the nail magazine 21 may be provided with an insertion portion 212 , and the distal end of the housing 11 may be provided with a receiving portion 115 adapted to the insertion portion 212 , and the receiving portion 115 may be constructed to allow the insertion portion 212 to be inserted to support the nail magazine 21 .
在将插入部212插入到接收部115中后,接收部115将为钉仓21提供多个方向(例如高度方向和宽度方)的支撑。同时,止挡部162与限制部211的接合能够限制钉仓21在远-近方向上移动。这样一来,便可以将钉仓21固定于外壳11。After the insertion portion 212 is inserted into the receiving portion 115, the receiving portion 115 will provide support in multiple directions (such as height and width) for the nail magazine 21. At the same time, the engagement of the stopper 162 and the limiting portion 211 can limit the movement of the nail magazine 21 in the distal-proximal direction. In this way, the nail magazine 21 can be fixed to the housing 11.
在装配时,可以按压接合操作件16并将钉仓21向近侧方向插入到接收部115中,然后再松开接合操作件16,便可以将钉仓21固定安装到外壳11上,并将击发件23与作用件153传动连结。During assembly, the engaging operating member 16 can be pressed to insert the nail magazine 21 into the receiving portion 115 in the proximal direction, and then the engaging operating member 16 can be released to fix the nail magazine 21 to the housing 11 and connect the firing member 23 with the action member 153.
在拆卸时,可以按压接合操作件16并向远侧方向拉动钉仓21,便可以将钉仓21从外壳11上拆卸下来,并使击发件23与作用件153分离。During disassembly, the engaging operating member 16 can be pressed and the nail magazine 21 can be pulled in the distal direction, so that the nail magazine 21 can be disassembled from the housing 11 and the firing member 23 can be separated from the action member 153.
参考图21和22,工具组件20还可以包括滑柱26,滑柱26可滑动地插设于钉仓21设有的滑道(未示出)内。钉砧22可以被构造为可拆卸地固定于框架部1311(例如,通过卡合的方式)而与钉仓21相面对。21 and 22 , the tool assembly 20 may further include a slide post 26, which may be slidably inserted into a slideway (not shown) provided in the nail magazine 21. The nail anvil 22 may be configured to be detachably fixed to the frame portion 1311 (e.g., by snapping) and face the nail magazine 21.
在装配时,可以先将工具组件20放置到框架部1311和外壳11的远端之间,接着,可以将钉仓21固定于外壳11,接着,可以向远侧方向拉动钉砧22而将钉砧22移动到与框架部1311的面对外壳11的远端的部分处,接着,可以将钉砧22固定于框架部1311,完成工具组件20的安装。During assembly, the tool assembly 20 can be placed between the frame portion 1311 and the distal end of the shell 11, and then the nail magazine 21 can be fixed to the shell 11. Then, the anvil 22 can be pulled in the distal direction to move the anvil 22 to the portion of the distal end of the shell 11 facing the frame portion 1311, and then the anvil 22 can be fixed to the frame portion 1311 to complete the installation of the tool assembly 20.
在拆卸时,可以先按压接合操作件16并向远侧方向拉动钉仓21而将其从外壳21上拆卸下来,接着,可以将钉砧22从框架部1311上拆卸下来。During disassembly, the engaging operating member 16 may be pressed first and the nail magazine 21 may be pulled in the distal direction to be disassembled from the housing 21 , and then the nail anvil 22 may be disassembled from the frame portion 1311 .
这种实现方式具有结构简单、拆卸方便和连结可靠等诸多优点。This implementation method has many advantages such as simple structure, easy disassembly and reliable connection.
变形例Modifications
需要说明的是,变形例中的手术器械与前述实施例中的手术器械10具有诸多相同或相似的要素。出于简洁的目的,相同或相似的要素采用相同或相似的附图标记来省略重复的描述。It should be noted that the surgical instrument in the modified example has many identical or similar elements to the surgical instrument 10 in the above embodiment. For the purpose of simplicity, identical or similar elements are denoted by identical or similar reference numerals to omit repeated descriptions.
参考图26,变形例提供的手术器械包括拉伸弹簧17。拉伸弹簧17的一端固定于支架131,拉伸弹簧17的另一端固定于作用件153。根据这种构造,拉伸弹簧17可以具有多种作用。26 , a surgical instrument provided in a modified example includes a tension spring 17. One end of the tension spring 17 is fixed to a bracket 131, and the other end of the tension spring 17 is fixed to an action member 153. According to this configuration, the tension spring 17 can have various actions.
一方面,根据这种构造的拉伸弹簧17可以起到复位作用件153的远端的作用。具体而言,在安装或拆卸工具组件20的过程中,当作用件153的远端被接合操作件16的迫压部161迫压而向外侧(即向背离支架131的方向)偏移时,拉伸弹簧17受拉形变;当医生释放接合操作件16后,拉伸弹簧17的弹性恢复力能够帮助作用件153的远端向内侧(即朝向支架131)复位至初始位置。On the one hand, the tension spring 17 according to this structure can play the role of resetting the distal end of the action member 153. Specifically, during the process of installing or removing the tool assembly 20, when the distal end of the action member 153 is pressed by the pressing portion 161 of the engagement operating member 16 and deviates outward (i.e., in the direction away from the bracket 131), the tension spring 17 is deformed by tension; when the doctor releases the engagement operating member 16, the elastic restoring force of the tension spring 17 can help the distal end of the action member 153 to reset inward (i.e., toward the bracket 131) to the initial position.
另一方面,根据这种构造的拉伸弹簧17还可以起到避免卡合部1531和配合部231意外脱开的作用。 具体而言,当作用件153的远端向外侧偏移时,拉伸弹簧17会受拉形变,因此拉伸弹簧17能够起到抑制作用件153的远端向外侧偏移的作用,从而能够在一定程度上避免卡合部1531和配合部231意外脱开,进而提高手术过程的安全性和可靠性。特别地,尤其是在支架131向近侧方向移动到其第二位置后,拉伸弹簧17被大幅度拉伸,因而拉伸弹簧17会向作用件153施加较大的力,从而能够有效地避免卡合部1531和配合部231意外脱开。此外,在安装或拆卸工具组件20时,支架131需要处于其第一位置。这时,拉伸弹簧17的形变较小。因而医生仅需要向接合操作件16施加一个较小的力,便可使得作用件153的远端向外侧偏移。因此,这种实现方式能够在保证工具组件20的安装或拆卸较为方便的前提下,有效地避免卡合部1531和配合部231意外脱开。On the other hand, the tension spring 17 according to this structure can also prevent the engaging portion 1531 and the matching portion 231 from being accidentally disengaged. Specifically, when the distal end of the action member 153 deviates outward, the tension spring 17 will be deformed by tension, so the tension spring 17 can play a role in inhibiting the distal end of the action member 153 from deviating outward, thereby preventing the engaging portion 1531 and the matching portion 231 from accidentally disengaging to a certain extent, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the surgical procedure. In particular, especially after the bracket 131 moves to its second position in the proximal direction, the tension spring 17 is greatly stretched, so the tension spring 17 will apply a large force to the action member 153, thereby effectively preventing the engaging portion 1531 and the matching portion 231 from accidentally disengaging. In addition, when installing or removing the tool assembly 20, the bracket 131 needs to be in its first position. At this time, the deformation of the tension spring 17 is small. Therefore, the doctor only needs to apply a small force to the engagement operating member 16 to make the distal end of the action member 153 deviate outward. Therefore, this implementation method can effectively prevent the locking portion 1531 and the matching portion 231 from being accidentally disengaged while ensuring that the tool assembly 20 is relatively convenient to install or disassemble.
另一方面,根据这种构造的拉伸弹簧17还可以起到复位击发机构15的作用。具体而言,在击发工具组件20前,需要将支架131移动至第二位置(或移动至比第二位置更靠近侧的位置),这会导致拉伸弹簧17被大幅度地拉伸形变。接着,在击发过程中,随着作用件153向远侧方向移动,拉伸弹簧17被进一步拉伸形变。这样一来,在完成击发后,拉伸弹簧17会向作用件153施加较大的力以使作用件153向近侧方向复位。On the other hand, the tension spring 17 according to this structure can also play a role in resetting the firing mechanism 15. Specifically, before firing the tool assembly 20, the bracket 131 needs to be moved to the second position (or to a position closer to the side than the second position), which will cause the tension spring 17 to be stretched and deformed to a large extent. Then, during the firing process, as the action member 153 moves in the distal direction, the tension spring 17 is further stretched and deformed. In this way, after the firing is completed, the tension spring 17 will apply a large force to the action member 153 to reset the action member 153 in the proximal direction.
通过上述分析可知,拉伸弹簧17能够在手术器械中起到多种作用,这有利于减少手术器械的构件数量,从而有利于降低手术器械的整体尺寸、整体重量和制造成本,并有利于提高手术器械的可靠性。From the above analysis, it can be seen that the tension spring 17 can play multiple roles in the surgical instrument, which is beneficial to reducing the number of components of the surgical instrument, thereby helping to reduce the overall size, overall weight and manufacturing cost of the surgical instrument, and helping to improve the reliability of the surgical instrument.
应当理解,本公开使用的术语“包括”及其变形是开放性包括,即“包括但不限于”。术语“根据”是“至少部分地根据”。术语“一个实施例”表示“一对实施例”;术语“另一实施例”表示“一对另外的实施例”。It should be understood that the term "including" and its variations used in the present disclosure are open inclusions, i.e., "including but not limited to". The term "according to" means "at least in part according to". The term "one embodiment" means "a pair of embodiments"; the term "another embodiment" means "a pair of other embodiments".
应当理解,虽然术语“第一”或“第二”等可能在本公开中用来描述各种元素(如第一施力件和第二施力件),但这些元素不被这些术语所设有,这些术语只是用来将一个元素与另一个元素区分开。It should be understood that although the terms "first" or "second" etc. may be used in the present disclosure to describe various elements (such as a first force applying member and a second force applying member), these elements are not defined by these terms, and these terms are only used to distinguish one element from another.
以上所述,仅为本公开的具体实施方式,但本公开的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本公开揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到变化或替换,都应涵盖在本公开的保护范围之内。因此,本公开的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。 The above is only a specific embodiment of the present disclosure, but the protection scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art who is familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present disclosure, which should be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the protection scope of the present disclosure should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (15)

  1. 一种手术器械(10),用于将工具组件(20)的钉仓(21)中的钉施加到组织上,其特征在于,所述工具组件(20)包括所述钉仓(21)和击发件(23),所述击发件(23)被构造为将所述钉从所述钉仓(21)中向远侧方向推出以致使所述工具组件(20)击发,所述手术器械(10)包括:A surgical instrument (10) for applying nails in a nail magazine (21) of a tool assembly (20) to tissue, characterized in that the tool assembly (20) comprises the nail magazine (21) and a firing member (23), wherein the firing member (23) is configured to push the nails out of the nail magazine (21) in a distal direction to cause the tool assembly (20) to fire, and the surgical instrument (10) comprises:
    作用件(153),在远-近方向上可移动,且其远端设有卡合部(1531),所述击发件(23)包括配合部(231),其中所述卡合部(1531)被构造为与所述配合部(231)卡合,使得所述击发件(23)在远-近方向上跟随所述作用件(153)运动;以及The action member (153) is movable in the far-near direction, and a snap-fit portion (1531) is provided at the distal end thereof, the firing member (23) comprises a matching portion (231), wherein the snap-fit portion (1531) is configured to snap-fit with the matching portion (231), so that the firing member (23) moves along with the action member (153) in the far-near direction; and
    接合操作件(16),包括迫压部(161),其中当所述接合操作件(16)被操作时,所述迫压部(161)迫压所述作用件(153)而致使所述作用件(153)的远端偏移,使得所述作用件(153)的远端避让向近侧方向移动的所述击发件(23),或使得所述配合部(231)与所述卡合部(1531)脱开;在所述接合操作件(16)被释放后,所述作用件(153)的远端复位,使得所述卡合部(1531)能够与所述配合部(231)卡合。The engaging operating member (16) comprises a pressing portion (161), wherein when the engaging operating member (16) is operated, the pressing portion (161) presses the action member (153) to cause the distal end of the action member (153) to deviate, so that the distal end of the action member (153) avoids the firing member (23) moving in the proximal direction, or causes the matching portion (231) to disengage from the engaging portion (1531); after the engaging operating member (16) is released, the distal end of the action member (153) is reset, so that the engaging portion (1531) can engage with the matching portion (231).
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述接合操作件(16)还包括止挡部(162),所述钉仓(21)还包括限制部(211),所述止挡部(162)被构造为与所述限制部(211)接合,以避免所述钉仓(21)通过向所述远侧方移动而与所述接合操作件(16)分离,其中当所述接合操作件(16)被操作时,所述止挡部(162)偏移,使得所述止挡部(162)避让向所述近侧方向移动的所述钉仓(21),或使得所述止挡部(162)与所述限制部(211)脱开;在所述接合操作件(16)被释放后,所述止挡部(162)复位而能够与所述限制部(211)接合。The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 1 is characterized in that the engaging operating member (16) further includes a stop portion (162), and the nail magazine (21) further includes a limiting portion (211), and the stop portion (162) is constructed to engage with the limiting portion (211) to prevent the nail magazine (21) from being separated from the engaging operating member (16) by moving toward the distal direction, wherein when the engaging operating member (16) is operated, the stop portion (162) is offset so that the stop portion (162) avoids the nail magazine (21) moving toward the proximal direction, or the stop portion (162) is disengaged from the limiting portion (211); after the engaging operating member (16) is released, the stop portion (162) is reset and can engage with the limiting portion (211).
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述接合操作件(16)绕一枢转轴线可转动地被支撑,所述迫压部(161)和所述止挡部(162)分别位于所述枢转轴线的两侧,其中当所述接合操作件(16)被操作时,所述接合操作件(16)绕所述枢转轴线转动,使得所述卡合部(1531)和所述止挡部(162)彼此远离。The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 2 is characterized in that the coupling operating member (16) is rotatably supported around a pivot axis, and the pressing portion (161) and the stop portion (162) are respectively located on both sides of the pivot axis, wherein when the coupling operating member (16) is operated, the coupling operating member (16) rotates around the pivot axis so that the engaging portion (1531) and the stop portion (162) move away from each other.
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述手术器械(10)还包括压缩弹簧(163),所述压缩弹簧(163)套设在所述迫压部(161)上,其中所述压缩弹簧(163)未被压缩时的长度大于所述迫压部(161)的长度,使得当所述接合操作件(16)未被操作时,所述压缩弹簧(163)的两端分别迫压所述作用件(153)和所述接合操作件(16)。The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 3 is characterized in that the surgical instrument (10) further includes a compression spring (163), which is sleeved on the pressing portion (161), wherein the length of the compression spring (163) when not compressed is greater than the length of the pressing portion (161), so that when the engaging operating member (16) is not operated, the two ends of the compression spring (163) respectively press the action member (153) and the engaging operating member (16).
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述手术器械(10)还包括外壳(11),所述外壳(11)和所述接合操作件(16)中的一者设有转轴部(114)且另一者设有枢转部(114),所述转轴部(114)限定所述枢转轴线,所述枢转部(114)被所述转轴部(114)可枢转地支撑。The surgical instrument (10) according to claim 3 or 4 is characterized in that the surgical instrument (10) further includes a housing (11), one of the housing (11) and the engaging operating member (16) is provided with a rotating shaft portion (114) and the other is provided with a pivot portion (114), the rotating shaft portion (114) defines the pivot axis, and the pivot portion (114) is pivotally supported by the rotating shaft portion (114).
  6. 根据权利要求1至5中任一项所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述作用件(153)包括两个所述卡合部(1531),两个所述卡合部(1531)位于所述作用件(153)的远端处且分别位于所述作用件(153)在高度方向上的两侧,每个卡合部(1531)为在高度方向上向凸出的凸块(1531);所述击发件(23)设有与两个所述卡合部(1531)分别对应的两个所述配合部(231),每个配合部(231)为与一对应的卡合部(1531)适配的凹陷部(231)。The surgical instrument (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5 is characterized in that the action member (153) includes two engaging portions (1531), the two engaging portions (1531) are located at the distal end of the action member (153) and are respectively located on both sides of the action member (153) in the height direction, and each engaging portion (1531) is a protrusion (1531) protruding in the height direction; the firing member (23) is provided with two matching portions (231) respectively corresponding to the two engaging portions (1531), and each matching portion (231) is a recessed portion (231) adapted to a corresponding engaging portion (1531).
  7. 根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述止挡部(162)为卡块,所述限制部(211)为与所述卡块相适配的卡槽或卡孔。The surgical instrument (10) according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the stop portion (162) is a clamping block, and the limiting portion (211) is a clamping groove or a clamping hole adapted to the clamping block.
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述手术器械(10)还包括外壳(11),所述钉仓(21)的近端设有插入部(212),所述外壳(11)的远端设有与所述插入部(212)的相适配的接收部(115),所述接收部(115)被构造为供所述插入部(212)插入以支撑所述钉仓(21)。The surgical instrument (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized in that the surgical instrument (10) further includes a shell (11), the proximal end of the nail magazine (21) is provided with an insertion portion (212), and the distal end of the shell (11) is provided with a receiving portion (115) adapted to the insertion portion (212), and the receiving portion (115) is constructed to allow the insertion portion (212) to be inserted to support the nail magazine (21).
  9. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述手术器械(10)还包括扳机(12),所述作用件(153)与所述扳机(12)传动连结,使得所述作用件(153)能够被所述扳机(12)驱动而向所述远侧方向移动。The surgical instrument (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is characterized in that the surgical instrument (10) further includes a trigger (12), and the action member (153) is transmission-connected to the trigger (12) so that the action member (153) can be driven by the trigger (12) to move in the distal direction.
  10. 根据权利要求1至9中任一项所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述工具组件(20)还包括刀具(25),所述刀具(25)设于所述钉仓(21)内,当所述工具组件(20)击发时,所述刀具(25)被从所述钉仓(21)中推出,其中所述刀具(25)与所述击发件(23)传动连结,使得所述刀具(25)跟随所述击发件(23)在所述远-近方向上移动。The surgical instrument (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is characterized in that the tool assembly (20) also includes a tool (25), and the tool (25) is arranged in the nail magazine (21), and when the tool assembly (20) is fired, the tool (25) is pushed out of the nail magazine (21), wherein the tool (25) is transmission-connected to the firing member (23), so that the tool (25) follows the firing member (23) to move in the distal-proximal direction.
  11. 根据权利要求1至8中任一项所述的手术器械(10),其特征在于,所述手术器械(10)还包括:The surgical instrument (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the surgical instrument (10) further comprises:
    支架(131),位于所述作用件(153)的一侧,且在所述远-近方向上可移动,且构造为通过向所述 近侧方向移动而将所述工具组件(20)由打开状态切换至闭合状态;以及The support (131) is located on one side of the action member (153) and is movable in the far-near direction and is configured to move toward the Moving in a proximal direction to switch the tool assembly (20) from an open state to a closed state; and
    拉伸弹簧(17),其一端固定于所述支架(131)且另一端固定于所述作用件(153)。A tension spring (17) has one end fixed to the bracket (131) and the other end fixed to the action member (153).
  12. 一种工具组件(20),其特征在于,适于配设于手术器械(10)上,所述手术器械(10)包括作用件(153)和接合操作件(16),所述作用件(153)的远端设有卡合部(1531),所述接合操作件(16)包括迫压部(161),所述工具组件(20)包括:A tool assembly (20), characterized in that it is suitable for being arranged on a surgical instrument (10), wherein the surgical instrument (10) comprises an action member (153) and a coupling operation member (16), wherein a clamping portion (1531) is provided at a distal end of the action member (153), and the coupling operation member (16) comprises a pressing portion (161), and the tool assembly (20) comprises:
    钉仓(21),被构造为存放有多个钉;以及A nail magazine (21) configured to store a plurality of nails; and
    击发件(23),置于所述钉仓(21)内,被构造为将所述多个钉从所述钉仓(21)中向远侧方向推出以击发所述工具组件(20),且包括配合部(231),所述配合部(231)被构造为与所述卡合部(1531)卡合,使得所述击发件(23)在远-近方向上跟随所述作用件(153)运动,其中The firing member (23) is disposed in the nail magazine (21), and is configured to push the plurality of nails out of the nail magazine (21) in a distal direction to fire the tool assembly (20), and comprises a mating portion (231), wherein the mating portion (231) is configured to engage with the engaging portion (1531), so that the firing member (23) moves along with the action member (153) in a distal-proximal direction, wherein
    当所述接合操作件(16)被操作时,所述迫压部(161)迫压所述作用件(153)而致使所述作用件(153)的远端偏移,使得所述作用件(153)的远端避让向近侧方向移动的所述击发件(23),或使得所述配合部(231)与所述卡合部(1531)脱开;在所述接合操作件(16)被释放后,所述作用件(153)的远端复位,使得所述卡合部(1531)能够与所述配合部(231)卡合。When the engagement operating member (16) is operated, the pressing portion (161) presses the action member (153) to cause the distal end of the action member (153) to shift, so that the distal end of the action member (153) avoids the firing member (23) moving in the proximal direction, or causes the matching portion (231) to disengage from the engaging portion (1531); after the engagement operating member (16) is released, the distal end of the action member (153) is reset, so that the engaging portion (1531) can engage with the matching portion (231).
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的工具组件(20),其特征在于,所述接合操作件(16)还包括止挡部(162),所述钉仓(21)还包括限制部(211),所述止挡部(162)被构造为与所述限制部(211)接合,以避免所述钉仓(21)通过向所述远侧方移动而与所述接合操作件(16)分离,其中当所述接合操作件(16)被操作时,所述止挡部(162)偏移,使得所述止挡部(162)避让向所述近侧方向移动的所述钉仓(21),或使得所述止挡部(162)与所述限制部(211)脱开;在所述接合操作件(16)被释放后,所述止挡部(162)复位而能够与所述限制部(211)接合。The tool assembly (20) according to claim 12 is characterized in that the engagement operating member (16) further includes a stop portion (162), and the nail magazine (21) further includes a limiting portion (211), and the stop portion (162) is constructed to engage with the limiting portion (211) to prevent the nail magazine (21) from being separated from the engagement operating member (16) by moving toward the distal direction, wherein when the engagement operating member (16) is operated, the stop portion (162) is offset so that the stop portion (162) avoids the nail magazine (21) moving toward the proximal direction, or the stop portion (162) is disengaged from the limiting portion (211); after the engagement operating member (16) is released, the stop portion (162) is reset and can engage with the limiting portion (211).
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的工具组件(20),其特征在于,所述手术器械(10)还包括外壳(11),所述作用件(153)在所述远-近方向可移动地被所述外壳(11)支撑,所述外壳(11)的远端设有接收部(115),所述钉仓(21)的近端设有插入部(212),所述插入部(212)被构造为插设于所述接收部(115)内以被所述接收部(115)支撑。The tool assembly (20) according to claim 12 or 13 is characterized in that the surgical instrument (10) also includes a housing (11), the action member (153) is movably supported by the housing (11) in the distal-proximal direction, a receiving portion (115) is provided at the distal end of the housing (11), and an insertion portion (212) is provided at the proximal end of the nail magazine (21), and the insertion portion (212) is constructed to be inserted into the receiving portion (115) so as to be supported by the receiving portion (115).
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的工具组件(20),其特征在于,所述手术器械(10)还包括支架(131),所述支架(131)在所述远-近方向上可移动地被所述外壳(11)支撑,所述支架(131)包括至少部分地暴露在所述外壳(11)外的框架部(1311),所述工具组件(20)还包括钉砧(22)和固定于所述钉砧(22)的滑柱(26),所述滑柱(26)可滑动地插设于所述钉仓(21)限定的滑道内,所述钉砧(22)被构造为固定于所述框架部(1311)而与所述钉仓(21)相面对。 The tool assembly (20) according to claim 14 is characterized in that the surgical instrument (10) further includes a bracket (131), the bracket (131) is movably supported by the housing (11) in the distal-proximal direction, the bracket (131) includes a frame portion (1311) at least partially exposed outside the housing (11), the tool assembly (20) further includes an anvil (22) and a sliding column (26) fixed to the anvil (22), the sliding column (26) is slidably inserted in a slideway defined by the nail magazine (21), and the anvil (22) is constructed to be fixed to the frame portion (1311) and face the nail magazine (21).
PCT/CN2024/080793 2023-03-10 2024-03-08 Surgical instrument WO2024188181A1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (8)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202310231876.6 2023-03-10
CN202320456515 2023-03-10
CN202320456515.7 2023-03-10
CN202310231876 2023-03-10
CN202310631442.5A CN118614977A (en) 2023-03-10 2023-05-31 Surgical instrument
CN202310631442.5 2023-05-31
CN202321358356.3U CN220158315U (en) 2023-03-10 2023-05-31 Surgical instrument and tool assembly
CN202321358356.3 2023-05-31

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WO2024188181A1 true WO2024188181A1 (en) 2024-09-19

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CN104997541A (en) * 2015-08-14 2015-10-28 上海逸思医疗科技有限公司 One-hand operable surgical instrument and operation method thereof
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