WO2024159758A1

WO2024159758A1 - Battery, battery pack, and vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2024159758A1
Application number: PCT/CN2023/119795
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张芳芳; 林文生; 王高武
Original assignee: 比亚迪股份有限公司
Priority date: 2023-01-31
Filing date: 2023-09-19
Publication date: 2024-08-08
Also published as: CN219180740U

Abstract

A battery (100), a battery pack, and a vehicle. The battery (100) comprises: an electrode core (10); a housing assembly (20) comprising a housing main body (21), wherein at least one end of the housing main body (21) in the length direction is open, the electrode core (10) is arranged in the housing main body (21), and the housing main body (21) is provided with an explosion-proof valve (23); and a cover plate (22) provided at the open end of the housing main body (21); and an insulation protection assembly, wherein the insulation protection assembly separates the electrode core (10) from the housing main body (21) in the circumferential direction of the electrode core (10), the insulation protection assembly is provided with a weakened part, and the weakened part is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve (23).

Description

Batteries, battery packs and vehicles

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

This application claims priority to Chinese patent application number "202320170309.X" filed by BYD Co., Ltd. on January 31, 2023, entitled "Batteries, Battery Packs and Vehicles."

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery, a battery pack and a vehicle.

Background Art

When a battery experiences thermal runaway, a large amount of heat and high-temperature gas will be generated. The high-temperature gas will be discharged through the explosion-proof valve on the outer casing to prevent the battery shell from rupturing.

In the related art, the explosion-proof valve is arranged on a cover structure with a pole, which results in limited arrangement space of the explosion-proof valve on the cover, affecting the exhaust capacity of the explosion-proof valve, resulting in the exhaust capacity of the explosion-proof valve being less than the ability of the battery to generate gas in a thermal runaway state, thereby causing the shell to have the risk of rupture.

Summary of the invention

The present application aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to some extent.

To this end, the present application proposes a battery with good explosion-proof performance.

The present application also proposes a battery pack comprising the above-mentioned battery.

The present application also proposes a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned battery pack.

A battery according to an embodiment of the present application includes: a pole core; a shell assembly, the shell assembly including: a shell body, at least one end of the shell body in the length direction of which is open, and the pole core is arranged in the shell body, and the shell body is provided with an explosion-proof valve; a cover plate, the cover plate is arranged at the open end of the shell body; an insulating protection component, the insulating protection component separates the pole core from the shell body in the circumferential direction of the pole core, and the insulating protection component is provided with a weak portion, and the weak portion is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve.

Therefore, the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the shell body, so that the design constraints of the explosion-proof valve are small, the exhaust effect of the explosion-proof valve can be improved, and the weak part of the insulating protection part is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve. The gas generated by the pole core in the thermal runaway state can break through the weak part and be discharged in time through the explosion-proof valve to prevent the battery from catching fire and improve the safety of the battery.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through the practice of the present application.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG3 is a partial cross-sectional view of a battery according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a partition according to an embodiment of the present application.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

A battery 100 according to an embodiment of the present application is described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 4 .

The battery 100 according to the embodiment of the present application includes a pole core 10, a shell assembly 20 and an insulating protection assembly.

Among them, the shell assembly 20 includes a shell body 21 and a cover plate 22, at least one end of the shell body 21 in the length direction is open, and the pole core 10 is arranged in the shell body 21, the shell body 21 is provided with an explosion-proof valve 23, the cover plate 22 is arranged at the open end of the shell body 21, and the pole 223 of the cover plate 22 is electrically connected to the pole core 10.

It is understandable that the shell body 21 can be constructed as a shell structure with open ends in the length direction thereof, the pole core 10 can be installed in the shell body 21 through the open end of the shell body 21, and the open end of the shell body 21 can be shielded and closed by the cover plate 22. Among them, the shell body 21 can be constructed as a shell structure with only one end open or both ends open in the length direction thereof, and the present application is described as a shell structure with both ends of the shell body 21 being open.

2 , when the shell body 21 is constructed as a shell structure with both ends open, correspondingly, there are two cover plates 22 in the battery 100, and the two cover plates 22 are respectively arranged on both sides of the length direction of the shell body 21, and the two cover plates 22 are provided with poles 223, and the two poles 223 are respectively electrically connected to the positive pole tab and the negative pole tab of the pole core 10 to form the output end of the battery 100. Among them, the positive pole and the negative pole of the assembled battery 100 are respectively arranged on both sides of the length direction of the battery 100.

It should be noted that when the battery is in thermal runaway, a large amount of heat and high-temperature gas will be generated, and the high-temperature gas will be discharged through the explosion-proof valve on the outer shell to prevent the battery shell from rupturing. In the related art, the explosion-proof valve is arranged on the cover plate structure provided with the pole 223, which results in the limited arrangement space of the explosion-proof valve on the cover plate, affecting the exhaust capacity of the explosion-proof valve, resulting in the exhaust capacity of the explosion-proof valve being less than the ability of the battery to generate gas in the thermal runaway state, thereby causing the shell to have the risk of rupture.

1 and 2, an explosion-proof valve 23 is formed on the shell body 21, so that when the battery 100 has thermal runaway, a large amount of heat and high-temperature gas will be generated in the shell assembly 20, and the gas can be discharged from the shell assembly 20 through the explosion-proof valve 23. Since the explosion-proof valve 23 is arranged on the shell in the present application, the size of the explosion-proof valve 23 is not affected by the size of the cover plate 22, and the size of the explosion-proof valve 23 can be The explosion-proof valve 23 is designed according to the gas generation capability of the battery 100 during thermal runaway so as to match the exhaust capability of the battery 100 .

Accordingly, more space for leading out the tabs 11 can be reserved on the cover plate 22 to improve the current carrying capacity of the battery 100 .

2 , the insulating protection assembly is connected to the cover plate 22 , and the insulating protection assembly can separate the pole core 10 from the shell body 21 in the circumferential direction of the pole core 10 to provide insulation protection for the pole core 10 , and the insulating protection assembly is provided with a weak portion, which is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve 23 .

It is understandable that the insulating protection component is connected to the cover plate 22 and has good insulation properties. The insulating protection component can insulate the pole core 10 and the shell body 21 to prevent the pole core 10 from being electrically connected to the shell body 21 and causing a short circuit in the battery 100.

The weak part of the insulation protection component has a weak structural strength. When the battery 100 has thermal runaway, the high-temperature gas generated at the pole core 10 can break through the weak part of the insulation protection component and be discharged in time through the explosion-proof valve 23 arranged opposite to the weak part. Therefore, while the insulation protection component insulates the pole core 10, the discharge effect of the gas at the pole core 10 can be ensured.

According to the battery 100 of the embodiment of the present application, the explosion-proof valve 23 is arranged on the shell body 21, so that the design constraints of the explosion-proof valve 23 are small, the exhaust effect of the explosion-proof valve 23 can be improved, and the weak part of the insulating protection part is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve 23. The gas generated by the pole core 10 in the thermal runaway state can break through the weak part and be discharged in time through the explosion-proof valve 23, thereby preventing the battery 100 from catching fire and improving the safety of the battery 100.

In some embodiments of the present application, the shell body 21 is constructed as a hollow columnar structure with two ends open. In conjunction with Figures 1 and 2, the shell body 21 is constructed as a rectangular parallelepiped, that is, the shell body 21 is formed by four rectangular walls, and the explosion-proof valve 23 is arranged on at least one of the four walls of the shell body 21.

When there are multiple explosion-proof valves 23, the multiple explosion-proof valves 23 can be arranged on the same wall surface of the shell body 21, or on the shell body 21 or two oppositely arranged walls. It should be noted that the wall surface on the shell body 21 for arranging the explosion-proof valve 23 can be designed according to the arrangement of the battery 100 in actual application, so that the explosion-proof valve 23 is suitable for being arranged in a position that avoids other devices in its environment and is convenient for exhaust, and no specific limitation is made here. For example: when multiple batteries 100 are arranged in sequence along the thickness direction, poles 223 are provided at both ends of the length direction of the battery 100, and the explosion-proof valve 23 can be arranged on the upper wall surface or the lower wall surface of the battery 100, so that the battery 100 can be exhausted through the explosion-proof valve 23 when thermal runaway occurs.

In some embodiments of the present application, the pole core 10 includes a plurality of pole pieces 12, and the plurality of pole pieces 12 are stacked, and the plane where the pole pieces 12 are located is perpendicular to the wall surface of the shell body 21 where the explosion-proof valve 23 is provided. The stacking direction of the plurality of pole pieces 12 is parallel to the plane where the explosion-proof valve 23 is located.

It is understandable that when thermal runaway of the battery 100 causes gas to be generated in the pole core 10, the gas can be 12 shuttles between the pole piece 12, and under the guidance of the pole piece 12, the gas can easily reach the explosion-proof valve 23 for effective discharge.

As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments of the present application, the insulating protection component includes: a partition 31 and an insulating film 32, the partition 31 is connected to the cover plate 22, the plane where the partition 31 is located is perpendicular to the plane where the pole piece 12 is located, the partition 31 is parallel to the wall of the shell body 21 provided with the explosion-proof valve 23, and the partition 31 is arranged between the pole core 10 and the wall of the shell body 21 provided with the explosion-proof valve 23.

Among them, the partition 31 and the electrode 12 are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the partition 31 can play a role of physical support for the electrode 12 to prevent the electrode 12 from causing too many problems during assembly, transfer, and use, thereby reducing the risk of short circuit in the battery 100.

The material of the partition 31 is a high molecular polymer, such as PP (polypropylene), PI (polyimide), PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and other materials with good insulation properties, preferably PET. The material of the partition 31 is not specifically limited here.

The insulating film 32 is wound around the separator 31 and the pole core 10 to connect the separator 31 to the pole core 10, and the insulating film 32 is used to wrap multiple surfaces of the pole core 10 in the circumferential direction to insulate the pole core 10 from the shell body 21 to prevent the shell from being charged. The above-mentioned "circumferential direction" refers to the surface of the pole core 10 opposite to the shell body 21.

The material of the insulating film 32 is a high molecular polymer, such as PP (polypropylene), PI (polyimide), PET (polyethylene terephthalate) and other materials with good insulation properties, preferably PET. The material of the insulating film 32 is not specifically limited here.

In some embodiments of the present application, the thickness of the partition 31 is 0.3 mm-1 mm, so as to ensure the structural strength of the partition 31 and prevent the partition 31 from bending and deforming. When the partition 31 is fixedly connected to the pole core 10, the poor assembly and damage to the pole core 10 caused by the bending of the pole core 10 during the assembly process can be effectively alleviated.

As shown in Figure 2, in some embodiments of the present application, the cover plate 22 includes: a cover plate body 221 and a spacer ring 222, the cover plate body 221 is connected to the shell body 21, the spacer ring 222 is arranged on the side surface of the cover plate body 221 opposite to the pole core 10, and the spacer ring 222 is connected to the cover plate body 221.

2 , the spacer 222 is a mounting carrier of the partition 31, and the partition 31 is connected to the cover plate 22 through the spacer 222, so that the partition 31 is arranged at a position opposite to the pole core 10. The two ends of the partition 31 are respectively connected to the spacers 222 of the two cover plates 22, so as to be installed and fixed in the shell assembly 20 through the spacer 222.

2 , in some embodiments of the present application, the spacer 222 is configured as an insulating member and is arranged between the pole piece 12 and the cover plate body 221 . The spacer 222 has good insulation performance and can prevent the pole core 10 from being electrically connected to the cover plate body 221 .

In some embodiments of the present application, the spacer 222 is connected to the partition 31 by snapping. The snap-on connection method is simple and has high reliability, which can ensure the connection effect between the partition 31 and the spacer 222 and facilitate the assembly of the battery 100.

The assembly process of the battery 100 according to the embodiment of the present application is described with reference to FIG. 2 :

After the laminated pole core 10 is completed, the pole ear 11 is first welded to one of the cover plates 22 (i.e., the pole core 10 is electrically connected to the pole column 223 of the cover plate 22), the partition 31 is arranged on the side of the pole core 10 (i.e., the side perpendicular to the plurality of pole pieces 12), and the partition 31 is connected and matched with the spacer 222, so that the pole core 10 is fixed, insulated and physically supported by the partition 31. At this time, the partition 31 can also be bonded and fixed to the pole core 10 by bonding.

The insulating film 32 is wrapped around the partition plate 31 and the pole core 10 in the circumferential direction, and the end of the insulating film 32 is fixed to the spacer 222 by heat fusion, and the pole core 10 wrapped with the insulating film 32 is installed in the case body 21.

The other pole ear 11 of the pole core 10 is electrically connected to the pole post 223 of another cover plate 22, and the partition 31 is fixed to the spacer 222 on the cover plate 22, the insulating film 32 and the spacer 222 are fixed by hot melting, and then the cover plate body 221 and the shell body 21 are welded and fixed to complete the assembly of the battery 100.

In some embodiments of the present application, the weak portion includes: a first weak portion 311 and a second weak portion 321, the first weak portion 311 is formed on the partition 31, and the second weak portion 321 is formed on the insulating film 32, the first weak portion 311 and the second weak portion 321 are arranged opposite to each other and are both arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve 23.

When the battery 100 generates a large amount of gas in the pole core 10 under thermal runaway condition, the gas can break through the first weak portion 311 and the second weak portion 321 in sequence to form an exhaust channel on the insulating protection component. After the gas is discharged from the insulating protection component, it can be discharged through the explosion-proof valve 23.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first weak portion 311 includes a first annular recess 3111, which is recessed into the partition 31 along the thickness direction. A recess structure is formed on the partition 31 to reduce the structural strength of the partition 31 at the first weak portion 311, thereby facilitating the gas to break through the first weak portion 311.

It can be understood that when the gas impacts the first weak portion 311 , the first annular recess 3111 is more likely to rupture than the area without the recess, so that the gas can be discharged from the first weak portion 311 .

In the embodiment of the present application, the first annular recess 3111 is arranged opposite to the outer contour of the explosion-proof valve 23. When the first annular recess 3111 is damaged, the gas can impact the explosion-proof valve 23, so that the gas can be discharged through the explosion-proof valve 23.

The area size formed by the first annular recess 3111 is S1, the area size of the explosion-proof disc in the explosion-proof valve 23 is S2, and the relationship 0.8≤S1/S2≤1.2 is satisfied. Thus, the exhaust effect at the explosion-proof valve 23 can be ensured.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first weak portion 311 also includes a strip-shaped recess 3112, which is recessed into the partition 31 along the thickness direction, and the strip-shaped recess 3112 is arranged in the first annular recess 3111, and the two ends of the strip-shaped recess 3112 are respectively connected to the first annular recess 3111 to reduce the structural strength of the first weak portion 311, so as to facilitate the rupture of the first weak portion 311 under the impact of gas.

4, the first weak portion 311 is provided with two strip-shaped recesses 3112, and the two strip-shaped recesses 3112 are cross-arranged to form a "cross"-shaped groove structure. The structural strength of the intersection of the two strip-shaped recesses 3112 is weak. When the gas impacts the first weak portion 311, smaller fragments can be formed, thereby preventing the fragments generated after the first weak portion 311 breaks through from being too large. The explosion-proof valve 23 is blocked by the large amount of gas, thereby ensuring the explosion-proof valve 23 has a function of venting explosions.

The depth of the strip-shaped recess 3112 on the partition 31 accounts for 30%-80% of the thickness of the partition 31, and the width of the strip-shaped recess 3112 ranges from 0.3 mm to 2 mm.

In some embodiments of the present application, the first weak portion 311 is configured as a groove, the groove is recessed along the thickness direction of the partition 31, and the recessed depth of the groove is D1, the thickness of the partition 31 is D2, and the relationship is satisfied: 30% D2 ≤ D1 ≤ 80% D2. When the recessed depth of the groove and the thickness of the partition 31 satisfy the above relationship, the first weak portion 311 is easy to rupture under the impact of the gas.

In an embodiment of the present application, the second weak portion 321 includes a second annular recess 3211, which is recessed into the insulating film 32 along the thickness direction. By forming a recess structure on the insulation, the structural strength of the insulating film 32 at the second weak portion 321 is reduced, thereby facilitating the gas to break through the second weak portion 321.

The second annular recess 3211 is arranged opposite to the outer contour of the explosion-proof valve 23 , so that the second weak portion 321 and the explosion-proof valve 23 can fully correspond to each other, thereby improving the exhaust effect of the battery 100 .

As shown in Figure 3, in some embodiments of the present application, the partition 31 is provided with a first exhaust hole 312, and the insulating film 32 is provided with a second exhaust hole 322. The first exhaust hole 312 and the second exhaust hole 322 are arranged opposite to each other, and the first exhaust hole 312 and the second exhaust hole 322 are both arranged opposite to the wall surface of the shell body 21 where the explosion-proof valve 23 is provided.

When thermal runaway occurs in the battery 100 , the gas generated by the pole core 10 can be discharged from the insulation protection component through the first exhaust hole 312 and the second exhaust hole 322 , thereby ensuring that the thermal runaway airflow can be discharged in a timely and effective manner.

The shape of the exhaust hole (the first exhaust hole 312 and the second exhaust hole 322) is not specifically limited here, and the exhaust hole can be configured as a circle, an ellipse, a square, a polygon, etc. The exhaust hole is configured as a circle, and the manufacturing process of the circle is simple, which facilitates the processing of the exhaust hole.

It should be noted that the number of the exhaust holes (the first exhaust hole 312 and the second exhaust hole 322) is not limited. The ratio of the effective exhaust area of the exhaust hole to the area of the surface of the partition 31 where the exhaust hole is located is in the range of 0.2-0.8 to ensure the exhaust effect at the partition 31.

The second exhaust hole 322 is formed on the insulating film 32. The insulating film 32 may be wound with multiple layers on the partition 31 and the pole core 10. The second exhaust hole 322 may be formed on the outermost insulating film 32 and arranged opposite to the first exhaust hole 312. Therefore, when the pole core 10 generates gas, the gas may break through the insulating film 32 at a thinner thickness (i.e., the second exhaust hole 322 is provided), so that the gas can pass through the insulating protection component and be discharged to the explosion-proof valve 23.

As shown in FIG. 1 , in some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 is constructed as a rectangular parallelepiped, and the length of the battery 100 is L, the width is W, and the thickness is D, and the relationship is satisfied: L/W≤7, L/D≤40, W/D≤8. Thus, the battery 100 is constructed as a rectangular parallelepiped, and the poles 223 of the battery 100 are arranged at both ends of the length direction of the battery 100, and the explosion-proof valve 23 is formed on the shell body 21, and the explosion-proof valve 23 and the poles 223 do not interfere with each other, so that the setting position and size of the explosion-proof valve 23 on the shell body 21 can be adjusted according to design requirements to improve the exhaust and explosion venting capability of the battery 100, and Sufficient space can be reserved at the cover plate 22 for leading out the pole lug 11 of the pole core 10 , thereby ensuring the current flow capacity of the battery 100 .

In some embodiments of the present application, the battery 100 is constructed as a rectangular parallelepiped, and the surface area of the battery 100 is S, the volume is V, and the ratio of the surface area S to the volume V is greater than or equal to 0.05.

In some embodiments of the present application, the pole core 10 wrapped with the insulating film 32 is matched with the inner wall surface gap of the shell body 21 to reserve a gap between the insulating film 32 and the shell body 21. The gas generated by the pole core 10 in the thermal runaway state can reach the explosion-proof valve 23 through the gap for discharge, effectively increasing the discharge path of the runaway gas and improving the gas discharge efficiency.

The width dimension of the pole core 10 wrapped with the insulating film 32 is 0.93-0.98 of the width dimension of the shell body 21, so that a gap is reserved between the insulating film 32 and the shell body 21 to increase the discharge path of the runaway gas.

According to the battery pack of the embodiment of the present application, the battery pack includes the above-mentioned battery.

It should be noted that the battery pack has two forms: with a battery module and without a battery module. That is, a battery module can be formed by a plurality of the above-mentioned batteries 100 and then applied to a battery pack. The above-mentioned batteries 100 can also be directly applied to a battery pack (that is, without forming a battery module).

Among them, the battery pack includes a BMS (battery management system), which can be used to monitor the status of the battery to prevent the battery from overcharging and over-discharging and extend the battery life.

According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, the vehicle includes the above-mentioned battery pack.

In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

In addition, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of this application, the meaning of "plurality" is more than two, unless otherwise clearly and specifically defined.

In this application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "fixed" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium, it can be the internal connection of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, a first feature may be “on” or “below” a second feature. The first and second features are directly in contact, or the first and second features are indirectly in contact through an intermediate medium. Moreover, the first feature being "above", "above" and "above" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being "below", "below" and "below" the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

In the description of this specification, the description with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" etc. means that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art may combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples, without contradiction.

Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in the field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

A battery, comprising:

A core (10);

A shell component (20), the shell component (20) comprising:

A shell body (21), wherein at least one end of the shell body (21) in the length direction is open, and the pole core (10) is arranged in the shell body (21), and the shell body (21) is provided with an explosion-proof valve (23);

a cover plate (22), the cover plate (22) being arranged at the open end of the shell body (21);

An insulating protection component separates the pole core (10) from the shell body (21) in the circumferential direction of the pole core (10), and the insulating protection component is provided with a weak portion, and the weak portion is arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve (23).
The battery according to claim 1, wherein the pole core (10) comprises a plurality of pole pieces (12), and the plurality of pole pieces (12) are stacked, and the plane where the pole pieces (12) are located is perpendicular to the wall surface of the shell body (21) on which the explosion-proof valve (23) is provided.
The battery according to claim 2, wherein the insulating protection component comprises:

a partition (31), the partition (31) being connected to the cover plate (22), the plane where the partition (31) is located being perpendicular to the plane where the pole piece (12) is located, and the partition (31) being arranged between the pole core (10) and the wall surface of the shell body (21) on which the explosion-proof valve (23) is arranged;

An insulating film (32), wherein the insulating film (32) is wound around the separator (31) and the pole core (10).
The battery according to claim 3, wherein the cover plate (22) comprises:

A cover plate body (221), wherein the cover plate body (221) is connected to the shell body (21);

A spacer (222) is provided on a surface of the cover plate body (221) opposite to the pole core (10), and the spacer (31) is connected to the spacer (222).
The battery according to claim 4, wherein the spacer (222) is configured as an insulating member.
The battery according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the spacer (222) is snap-connected to the partition (31).
The battery according to any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the weak portion comprises:

a first weak portion (311), wherein the first weak portion (311) is formed on the partition (31);

A second weak portion (321), wherein the second weak portion (321) is formed on the insulating film (32), and the first weak portion (311) and the second weak portion (321) are arranged opposite to each other and are both arranged opposite to the explosion-proof valve (23).
The battery according to claim 7, wherein the first weak portion (311) comprises a first annular recess (3111), and the first annular recess (3111) is recessed into the separator (31) along the thickness direction.
The battery according to claim 8, wherein the first weak portion (311) further includes a strip-shaped recess (3112), the strip-shaped recess (3112) is recessed into the partition (31) along the thickness direction, and the strip-shaped recess (3112) is arranged in the first annular recess (3111), and the two ends of the strip-shaped recess (3112) are respectively connected to the first annular recess (3111).
The battery according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the first weak portion (311) is configured as a groove, the groove is recessed along the thickness direction of the separator (31), and the recessed depth of the groove is D1, the thickness of the separator (31) is D2, and the relationship is satisfied: 30% D2 ≤ D1 ≤ 80% D2.
The battery according to any one of claims 7 to 10, wherein the second weak portion (321) comprises a second annular recess (3211), and the second annular recess (3211) is recessed into the insulating film (32) along the thickness direction.
The battery according to any one of claims 3 to 11, wherein the partition (31) is provided with a first exhaust hole (312), the insulating film (32) is provided with a second exhaust hole (322), the first exhaust hole (312) and the second exhaust hole (322) are arranged opposite to each other, and the first exhaust hole (312) and the second exhaust hole (322) are both arranged opposite to the wall surface of the shell body (21) on which the explosion-proof valve (23) is provided.
The battery according to any one of claims 3 to 12, wherein the thickness of the separator (31) is 0.3 mm to 1 mm.
The battery according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the battery is constructed as a rectangular parallelepiped, the length of the battery is L, the width is W, the thickness is D, and the relationship is satisfied: L/W ≤ 7, L/D ≤ 40, W/D ≤ 8.
A battery pack, wherein the battery pack comprises the battery according to any one of claims 1-14.
A vehicle, wherein the vehicle comprises the battery pack according to claim 15.