WO2024024789A1

WO2024024789A1 - Sheet for structure

Info

Publication number: WO2024024789A1
Application number: PCT/JP2023/027226
Authority: WO
Inventors: 孝弘辻; 紀昭大谷; 有希松野; 宏介保野
Original assignee: 恵和株式会社
Priority date: 2022-07-28
Filing date: 2023-07-25
Publication date: 2024-02-01
Also published as: TW202419270A

Abstract

This sheet for a structure 2 has a functional layer 4, an intermediate layer 6, an adhesive layer 8, and a reinforcing body 10. The material of the functional layer 4 is a polymer composition. Said polymer composition includes a first base material polymer and a second base material polymer. The first base material polymer has a first glass transition point T1. The second base material polymer has a second glass transition point T2. The second glass transition point T2 is lower than the first glass transition point T1. Preferably, the fist glass transition point T1 is 25°C or greater. Preferably, the second glass transition point T2 is -10°C or less.

Description

Structure sheet

This specification discloses a sheet that is used by being attached to a structure.

If a manmade slate roof is exposed to the elements for a long period of time, it will deteriorate. There are concerns about rain leaking from the deteriorated roof. Paint is applied to the artificial slate to prevent rain from leaking. However, in the case of roofs with severely deteriorated artificial slate, even the application of paint may not prevent leaks.

International Patent Publication No. 2021/010456 discloses a structure protection sheet. This sheet has a polymer cement layer and a resin layer. By pasting this sheet on the roof, roof leakage can be suppressed.

International Patent Publication 2021/010456 Publication

Structure protection sheets require excellent weather resistance (heat resistance). The structure protection sheet also needs to have the ability to follow the roof. It is desired that the sheet has both weather resistance and followability.

Even when repairing roofs other than artificial slate roofs, there is a need for sheets to have both weather resistance and followability. When repairing or reinforcing structures other than roofs, there is also a need for sheets to have both weather resistance and followability.

The applicant's intention is to provide a structural sheet with excellent weather resistance and followability.

The structural sheet disclosed in this specification has an adhesive layer and a functional layer whose material is a polymer composition. The polymer composition includes a first base polymer and a second base polymer. The first base polymer has a first glass transition temperature T1. The second base polymer has a second glass transition point T2. The second glass transition point T2 is lower than the first glass transition point T1.

In this structural sheet, a resin with a high glass transition point can contribute to weather resistance. In this sheet, a resin with a low glass transition point can further contribute to conformability. This structural sheet has excellent both weather resistance and followability.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a part of a structural sheet according to an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line II-II in FIG. FIG. 3 is an enlarged view showing the portion labeled III in FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a sectional view of the structural sheet shown in FIG. 1 together with a roof. FIG. 5 is an enlarged view showing the portion labeled V in FIG. 4. FIG. 6 is an enlarged view showing the portion labeled VI in FIG. 4. FIG. 7 is an enlarged plan view showing a part of the reinforcing body included in the structural sheet of FIG. 1. FIG. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a structural sheet according to another embodiment.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings as appropriate.

[First embodiment]
[Layer structure]
A structural sheet 2 is shown in FIGS. 1-3. In FIG. 1, arrow X represents the width direction of the sheet 2, arrow Y represents the length direction of the sheet 2, and arrow Z represents the thickness direction of the sheet 2. The planar shape of this sheet 2 is generally rectangular. As is clear from FIG. 3, this sheet 2 has a functional layer 4, an intermediate layer 6, an adhesive layer 8, and a reinforcing body 10. The reinforcing body 10 is embedded in the intermediate layer 6. The materials of each layer will be explained in detail later. This sheet 2 is attached to a structure. The sheet 2 may include a release paper or a release film. The release paper and release film are laminated with the adhesive layer 8.

[Roof repair]
A typical use of this structural sheet 2 is roof repair. The repaired roof 12 is shown in FIGS. 4-6. In these figures, two sheets 2 (a first sheet 2a and a second sheet 2b) are shown together with a roof 12. The specifications of the second sheet 2b are the same as those of the first sheet 2a. Examples of the roof 12 include an artificial slate roof, a tile roof, a steel plate roof (including a folded plate roof), a copper plate roof, a galvanized iron plate roof, and a concrete roof.

In FIG. 4, the position of the lower edge 14a of the first sheet 2a generally coincides with the position of the lower end 16 of the roof 12. The first sheet 2a is attached to the roof 12 as a whole. As shown in FIG. 5, this roof 12 has a step 18. The first sheet 2a is curved near this step 18. Due to this curvature, the first sheet 2a follows the step 18.

As shown in FIG. 6, the second sheet 2b overlaps the vicinity of the upper edge 20a of the first sheet 2a in the vicinity of its lower edge 14b. This overlap forms a seam 22. The portion of the second sheet 2b other than the seam 22 is attached to the roof 12. The upper edge 20a of the first sheet 2a forms a step 24 between the first sheet 2a and the roof 12. The second sheet 2b is curved near this step 24. The second sheet 2b follows the step 24 due to this curvature.

[Primer layer]
The structural sheet 2 is usually attached to the roof 12 via a primer layer. In this specification, the term "the sheet is attached to the roof" includes the case where the sheet 2 is attached to the roof 12 via a primer layer or the like. In FIGS. 5 and 6, illustration of the primer layer is omitted.

Preferably, the material of the primer layer is a curable resin composition. Examples of the curable resin include thermosetting resins and photocuring resins. A preferred curable resin is an epoxy compound. Epoxy compounds include bisphenol A epoxy resin, bisphenol F epoxy resin, bisphenol S epoxy resin, orthocresol novolac epoxy resin, alicyclic epoxy resin, aliphatic epoxy resin, diglycidyl etherified phenols, and Diglycidyl etherified alcohols are exemplified. Examples of curing agents for epoxy compounds include polyfunctional phenols, amines, polyamines, mercaptans, imidazoles, acid anhydrides, and phosphorus-containing compounds.

[Young's modulus of sheet]
The Young's modulus of this structural sheet 2 is preferably 20 MPa or more and 300 MPa or less. When tension is applied to the sheet 2 having a Young's modulus of 20 MPa or more, permanent deformation and breakage are unlikely to occur. This sheet 2 has excellent handling properties. From this viewpoint, Young's modulus is more preferably 30 MPa or more, particularly preferably 40 MPa or more. Sheet 2 having a Young's modulus of 300 MPa or less has excellent followability. From this viewpoint, the Young's modulus is preferably 280 MPa or less, particularly preferably 260 MPa or less. Young's modulus is measured in accordance with the regulations of "JIS K 7161". As an example of a device suitable for measurement, "Precision Universal Testing Machine AGXTM-V" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation is exemplified.

[Water vapor transmission rate of sheet]
The water vapor permeability of the structural sheet 2 is preferably 10 g/m ² ·day or more. After this sheet 2 is attached to a structure, moisture contained in the structure or moisture present between the structure and the sheet 2 can be discharged through the sheet 2. This sheet 2 can suppress corrosion of metal in the structure. This sheet 2 is also suitable for structures containing moisture, for example structures with insufficiently dry concrete. This sheet 2 is also suitable for construction in rainy weather. From these viewpoints, the water vapor permeability is more preferably 20 g/m ² ·day or more, and particularly preferably 25 g/m ² ·day or more. The water vapor permeability is preferably 50 g/m ² ·day or less. Water vapor transmission rate is measured in accordance with the regulations of "JIS Z0208".

[Functional layer]
As is clear from FIG. 3, in this embodiment, the functional layer 4 is located at the top. In other words, when the sheet 2 is applied to a structure, the functional layer 4 is located farthest from the structure in the thickness direction Z (see FIG. 1). Functional layer 4 contributes to the desired functionality of sheet 2. Examples of this function include weather resistance, abrasion resistance, chemical resistance, water impermeability, moisture impermeability, and moisture permeability. Typical weather resistance is heat resistance and light resistance. Functional layer 4 may contribute to one or more functions.

A preferred material for the functional layer 4 is a polymer composition. This functional layer 4 is generally flexible. The structural sheet 2 having this functional layer 4 can follow the irregularities of the base. The polymer composition includes a base polymer. Synthetic resins, synthetic rubbers and natural rubbers can be included in the composition as base polymers. The functional layer 4 whose base polymer is a synthetic resin is also referred to as a "resin layer."

If light resistance is desired for the functional layer 4, a base polymer that is not easily degraded by ultraviolet light is preferred. Specifically, a polymer having a stronger binding energy than ultraviolet light (410 KJ/mol) is preferable. Examples of polymers that can contribute to the light resistance of the functional layer 4 and the flexibility of the sheet 2 include acrylic resins, acrylic urethane resins, acrylic silicone resins, fluororesins, flexible epoxy resins, and polybutadiene.

From the viewpoint of light resistance, a particularly suitable resin for the base polymer of the functional layer 4 is an acrylic silicone resin. Acrylic silicone resins contain siloxane bonds. Acrylic silicone resin also has excellent heat resistance and cold resistance. Specific examples of compositions containing acrylic silicone resin include Dainichiseika's product name "Cool Life SP Black (CB1) P5-0", Fujikura Kasei's product name "Bell Earth Elastic Black", and Toagosei's product name. Examples include "Aron Bull Coat T-1000", as well as Nippon Shokubai's trade names "Acryset EMN325E" and "U Double EF008".

[Glass transition point of base polymer]
In this embodiment, the polymer composition includes a first base polymer and a second base polymer. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of the second base polymer is different from the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the first base polymer. The glass transition temperature of the first base polymer is referred to herein as the first glass transition temperature T1, and the glass transition temperature of the second base polymer is referred to as the second glass transition temperature T2. The second glass transition point T2 is lower than the first glass transition point T1.

According to the knowledge obtained by the present inventors, a polymer with a high glass transition point (Tg) can contribute to the weather resistance of the structural sheet 2. This polymer may particularly contribute to the heat resistance of the sheet 2. From this viewpoint, the first glass transition point T1 is preferably 25°C or higher, more preferably 27°C or higher, and particularly preferably 29°C or higher.

According to the knowledge obtained by the present inventors, a polymer with a low glass transition point (Tg) can contribute to the followability of the structural sheet 2. This polymer can particularly contribute to conformability when the sheet 2 is applied to a roof 12 or the like in a cold environment. Even if this sheet 2 is run along the step 18 shown in FIG. 5, cracks in this sheet 2 are unlikely to occur. Even if this sheet 2 is run along the step 24 shown in FIG. 6, cracks in this sheet 2 are unlikely to occur. From the viewpoint of followability, the second glass transition point T2 is preferably -10°C or lower, more preferably -13°C or lower, particularly preferably -15°C or lower.

This structural sheet 2 has both the heat resistance, which is an advantage of the first base polymer, and the followability, which is an advantage of the second base polymer. From the viewpoint of heat resistance and trackability, the difference between the first glass transition point T1 and the second glass transition point T2 (T1-T2) is preferably 30°C or higher, more preferably 35°C or higher, and particularly 40°C or higher. preferable.

The polymer composition may also contain other base polymers. The glass transition point (Tg) of the other base polymer is different from the first glass transition point T1 and also different from the second glass transition point T2.

The glass transition point (Tg) is calculated based on the storage modulus measured by a dynamic viscoelasticity measuring device. An example of a device suitable for measurement is "DMAQ850 Rheometer DHR-2" manufactured by TA Instruments Japan. A test piece from which the functional layer 4 has been cut out is subjected to measurement. The measurement conditions are as follows.
Test piece size: 40mm x 5mm
Temperature increase rate: 5℃/min
Measurement range: -20℃ to 100℃ Frequency: 1Hz
Strain: -0.1%

[Polymer combination]
Preferably, the system of the second base polymer is the same as the system of the first base polymer. As a preferable combination of the first base polymer and the second base polymer,
(1) A combination of an acrylic resin with a high glass transition point and an acrylic resin with a low glass transition point,
(2) A combination of an acrylic urethane resin with a high glass transition point and an acrylic urethane resin with a low glass transition point,
and (3) A combination of an acrylic silicone resin with a high glass transition point and an acrylic silicone resin with a low glass transition point is exemplified.

The mass ratio of the first base polymer to the second base polymer in the polymer composition is preferably 30/70 or more and 80/20 or less. The structural sheet 2 having a mass ratio of 30/70 or more has excellent heat resistance. From this point of view, this mass ratio is more preferably 40/60 or more, particularly preferably 45/55 or more. The structural sheet 2 having a mass ratio of 80/20 or less has excellent followability. From this point of view, this mass ratio is more preferably 70/30 or less, particularly preferably 65/35 or less.

[Glass transition point of polymer composition]
Because the polymer composition includes multiple base polymers, the polymer composition can have multiple glass transition temperatures (Tg). The highest glass transition temperature in a polymer composition is referred to herein as the upper glass transition temperature TU, and the lowest glass transition temperature in the polymer composition is referred to as the lower glass transition temperature TL. From the viewpoint of heat resistance, the upper glass transition point TU is preferably 15°C or higher, more preferably 20°C or higher, and particularly preferably 25°C or higher. The upper glass transition point TU is preferably 30°C or lower. From the viewpoint of followability, the lower glass transition point TL is preferably 0°C or lower, more preferably -5°C or lower, particularly preferably -8°C or lower. The lower glass transition point TL is preferably -15°C or higher.

From the viewpoint of heat resistance and trackability of the functional layer 4, the difference between the upper glass transition point TU and the lower glass transition point TL (TU-TL) is preferably 20°C or higher, more preferably 25°C or higher, and 30°C or higher. Particularly preferred. From the viewpoint of homogeneity of the functional layer 4, this difference (T1-T2) is preferably 50° C. or less.

[Characteristics of functional layer]
The elongation at break of the functional layer 4 in an environment where the temperature is 5° C. is preferably 10% or more and 175% or less. A structural sheet 2 in which the functional layer 4 has an elongation at break of 10% or more has excellent followability. From this viewpoint, the elongation at break is more preferably 30% or more, particularly preferably 50% or more. The structural sheet 2 in which the functional layer 4 has an elongation at break of 175% or less has excellent durability. From this viewpoint, the elongation at break is more preferably 155% or less, particularly preferably 140% or less.

The elongation at break of the functional layer 4 in an environment where the temperature is 80° C. is preferably 250% or more. The elongation at break at this temperature correlates with the heat resistance of the structural sheet 2. From the viewpoint of heat resistance, the elongation at break is more preferably 300% or more, particularly preferably 350% or more.

The elongation at break is measured in accordance with the provisions of "JIS K 7161." An example of a device suitable for measurement is "Precision Universal Testing Machine AGXTM-V" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation. The test utilizes a constant temperature device. As a constant temperature device suitable for the test, "Constant Temperature and Humidity Test Apparatus THC1" manufactured by Shimadzu Corporation is exemplified. The measurement conditions are as follows.
Test piece shape: flat plate Test piece size: 15mm x 100mm
Distance between chucks: 20mm
Tensile speed: 200mm/min

When the functional layer 4 is desired to have water impermeability and moisture permeability, the water vapor permeability of the functional layer 4 is preferably 10 g/m ² ·day or more and 50 g/m ² ·day or less. Water vapor transmission rate is measured in accordance with the regulations of "JIS Z0208".

The polymer composition of the functional layer 4 may contain additives such as pigments, fillers, reinforcing materials, and antifouling agents, if necessary. The functional layer 4 containing pigment has excellent design. The polymer composition can include organic and inorganic pigments. Examples of the filler include metal oxide particles such as silica, alumina, and titania. An example of the reinforcing material is cellulose nanofiber. The content of each additive is adjusted depending on the function.

In FIG. 3, the arrow t1 represents the thickness of the functional layer 4. From the viewpoint of function, the thickness t1 is preferably 10 μm or more, more preferably 30 μm or more, and particularly preferably 50 μm or more. From the viewpoint of followability, productivity, and light weight of the sheet 2, the thickness t1 is preferably 500 μm or less, more preferably 300 μm or less, and particularly preferably 150 μm or less. It is preferable that the distribution of the thickness t1 is within the range of ±50 μm. The structural sheet 2 may have two or more functional layers 4.

[Middle layer]
The intermediate layer 6 contributes to the rigidity of the sheet 2, etc. A preferable material for the intermediate layer 6 is a composite material of a polymer and a filler. Examples of the polymer of the composite material include acrylic resin, acrylic silicone resin, fluororesin, silicone resin, epoxy resin, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, and styrene-butadiene copolymer. Examples of fillers for composite materials include cement, silica, alumina, titanium oxide, calcium carbonate, and carbon black. A preferred composite material is a polymer cement. This polymer cement includes a polymer and cement. A typical polymer is an acrylic resin. Examples of cement include Portland cement, alumina cement, and mixtures thereof. Portland cement is preferred. The intermediate layer 6, which is made of polymer cement, is also referred to as a "polymer cement hardening layer."

When the intermediate layer 6 contains a polymer and cement, the mass ratio of the polymer to the solid content of the intermediate layer 6 is preferably 10% or more and 40% or less. The intermediate layer 6 having this ratio of 10% or more has excellent adhesion to other layers (functional layer 4 or adhesive layer 8). From this point of view, this ratio is more preferably 15% or more, particularly preferably 20% or more. An intermediate layer 6 in which this proportion is 40% or less may contain a sufficient amount of cement. From this point of view, this ratio is more preferably 35% or less, particularly preferably 30% or less.

When the intermediate layer 6 contains a polymer and cement, the mass ratio of cement to the solid content of the intermediate layer 6 is preferably 20% or more and 70% or less. In a structural sheet 2 having an intermediate layer 6 with this ratio of 20% or more, high tensile strength and low elongation can be achieved. This sheet 2 has excellent handling properties. From this point of view, this ratio is more preferably 30% or more, particularly preferably 35% or more. An intermediate layer 6 in which this ratio is 70% or less may contain a sufficient amount of polymer. From this point of view, this ratio is more preferably 60% or less, particularly preferably 55% or less.

The intermediate layer 6 containing polymer and cement has excellent water vapor permeability. Even if a structure is covered with the sheet 2 having this intermediate layer 6, the metal in this structure is less likely to corrode. The water vapor permeability of the intermediate layer 6 is preferably 20 g/m ² ·day or more and 60 g/m ² ·day or less. Water vapor transmission rate is measured in accordance with the regulations of "JIS Z0208".

The intermediate layer 6 can be formed from a mixed solution obtained from a composition containing a polymer and a composition containing cement. A preferred composition containing the polymer is an acrylic emulsion. This acrylic emulsion is obtained by emulsion polymerization of monomers. Emulsion polymerization can be carried out with emulsifiers. Polymerization can be carried out in water containing surfactants. Typical monomers are acrylates or methacrylates. The content of monomer components in the acrylic emulsion is from 20% by mass to 100% by mass.

Specific examples of compositions containing polymers include Kikusui Chemical Co., Ltd.'s product name "Spring Coat Brush Mixture" and Toagosei Co., Ltd.'s product name "Aron Bull Coat A450 Base." Specific examples of compositions containing cement include "Spring Coat Brush Powder" manufactured by Kikusui Chemical Co., Ltd. and "Aron Bull Coat A450 Setter" manufactured by Toagosei Co., Ltd.

In FIG. 3, the arrow t2 represents the thickness of the intermediate layer 6. In this embodiment, the reinforcing body 10 is embedded in the intermediate layer 6 as described above. Therefore, the thickness t2 including the reinforcing body 10 is measured. From the viewpoint of handleability of the sheet 2, the thickness t2 is preferably 100 μm or more, more preferably 300 μm or more, and particularly preferably 500 μm or more. From the viewpoint of followability, productivity, and light weight of the sheet 2, the thickness t2 is preferably 1500 μm or less, more preferably 1000 μm or less, and particularly preferably 700 μm or less. It is preferable that the distribution of the thickness t2 is within the range of ±100 μm.

The material of the intermediate layer 6 may be a resin composition or a rubber composition. The structural sheet 2 may have two or more intermediate layers 6. The structural sheet 2 may have two intermediate layers 6 made of different materials. The structural sheet 2 may have a layered structure that does not include the intermediate layer 6.

From the viewpoint of adhesion of the intermediate layer 6 to the functional layer 4, it is preferable that the base polymer of the intermediate layer 6 is the same type as the base polymer of the functional layer 4.

[Adhesive layer]
The adhesive layer 8 (or adhesive layer) contacts the base. The adhesive force of the adhesive layer 8 allows the sheet 2 to be attached to a structure. The adhesive layer 8 can achieve an adhesion force of 0.5 N/mm ² or more between the sheet 2 and the structure.

A preferred material for the adhesive layer 8 is a polymer-based adhesive composition. Examples of suitable polymers for this pressure-sensitive adhesive composition include acrylic resin, silicone, polyurethane, polyester, natural rubber, and synthetic rubber. A particularly preferred polymer for the base material is acrylic resin. Specific examples of the adhesive composition include Toyochem's trade names "Olivine BPS6574," "Olivine BPS6554," and "Olivine BPS5565K."

The adhesive composition may also contain a curing agent. A preferred curing agent when the base material is an acrylic resin is an isocyanate curing agent. The ratio of the isocyanate curing agent to 100 parts by mass of the acrylic resin is preferably 1.0 parts by mass or more, more preferably 2.0 parts by mass or more, and particularly preferably 2.5 parts by mass or more. This ratio is preferably 10 parts by mass or less, more preferably 8 parts by mass or less, and particularly preferably 7 parts by mass or less.

The adhesive composition may include a tackifier. Examples of the tackifier include rosin-based tackifiers, terpene-based tackifiers, petroleum resin-based tackifiers, and phenolic resin-based tackifiers. The ratio of the tackifier to 100 parts by mass of the base polymer is preferably 0.5 parts by mass or more, more preferably 1.0 parts by mass or more, and particularly preferably 1.5 parts by mass or more. This ratio is preferably 15 parts by mass or less, more preferably 10 parts by mass or less, particularly preferably 7 parts by mass or less. Specific examples of the tackifier include Arakawa Chemical's trade names "Ester Gum H," "Ester Gum AA-V," and "Ester Gum 105."

In FIG. 3, an arrow t3 represents the thickness of the adhesive layer 8. From the viewpoint of adhesiveness, the thickness t3 is preferably 20 μm or more, more preferably 40 μm or more, and particularly preferably 50 μm or more. From the viewpoint of productivity, light weight, and handleability of the sheet 2, the thickness t3 is preferably 500 μm or less, more preferably 200 μm or less, and particularly preferably 150 μm or less. The amount of the adhesive layer 8 is preferably 20 g/m ² or more and 250 g/m ² or less. The structural sheet 2 may have two or more adhesive layers 8.

[Reinforcement]
The reinforcing body 10 can impart an appropriate Young's modulus to the structural sheet 2. The reinforcement 10 may contribute to the high tensile strength of the sheet 2. The reinforcement 10 may furthermore contribute to a small elongation of the sheet 2. The sheet 2 including the reinforcing body 10 has excellent handling properties. As described above, the reinforcing body 10 is embedded in the intermediate layer 6. The reinforcing body 10 may be embedded in the functional layer 4. The reinforcing body 10 may be embedded in the adhesive layer 8. A reinforcement body 10 may be located between the functional layer 4 and the intermediate layer 6. A reinforcing body 10 may be located between the intermediate layer 6 and the adhesive layer 8. In this specification, the reinforcing body 10 is capable of imparting greater tensile strength to the sheet 2 than a hypothetical sheet having the same layer structure as the sheet 2 except for not having the reinforcing body 10. means an object.

[Tensile strength and elongation of reinforcement]
The tensile strength of this reinforcing body 10 is preferably 5.0 MPa or more. The sheet 2 whose reinforcing body 10 has a tensile strength of 5.0 MPa or more is difficult to tear even under tension. This sheet 2 has excellent handling properties. From this viewpoint, the tensile strength is more preferably 5.5 MPa or more, particularly preferably 6.0 MPa or more. From the viewpoint of followability of the sheet 2, the tensile strength of the reinforcing body 10 is preferably 15.0 MPa or less, more preferably 10.0 MPa or less, and particularly preferably 7.0 MPa or less.

The elongation of this reinforcing body 10 at break is preferably 15.0% or less. A sheet 2 in which the elongation of the reinforcing body 10 is 15.0% or less is difficult to deform even when tension is applied. This sheet 2 has excellent handling properties. From this viewpoint, the elongation of the reinforcing body 10 is more preferably 13.0% or less, particularly preferably 11.0% or less. From the viewpoint of followability of the sheet 2, the elongation of the reinforcing body 10 is preferably 5.0% or more, more preferably 7.0% or more, and particularly preferably 8.5% or more.

Tensile strength and elongation are measured in accordance with the general nonwoven fabric testing method specified in "JIS L1913:2010". A test piece for measurement is cut out from the reinforcing body 10 or its original fabric. Five test pieces whose length direction matches the length direction of the reinforcing body 10 or its original fabric, and five test pieces whose length direction matches the width direction of the reinforcing body 10 or its original fabric. is subjected to measurement. The ten measurements are averaged to calculate the tensile strength and elongation.

The ratio of the area of the contour of the reinforcing body 10 to the area of the structural sheet 2 in plan view is preferably 60% or more. The reinforcing body 10 having this ratio of 60% or more can contribute to the ease of handling of the sheet 2. From this point of view, this ratio is more preferably 70% or more, particularly preferably 75% or more. This ratio may be 100%. From the viewpoint of followability at the seam 22, this ratio is preferably 95% or less.

[fabric]
In FIG. 7, the reinforcement 10 is shown. In this reinforcement body 10, a plurality of warp threads 26a and a plurality of weft threads 26b are woven. In other words, the reinforcing body 10 is a woven fabric (cloth). In this embodiment, the fabric has a plain weave structure. Textiles are a type of fabric. The reinforcement 10, which is a fabric, may be impregnated with the composition of the intermediate layer 6. This impregnation may contribute to the high tensile strength of the sheet 2. This impregnation may furthermore contribute to a small elongation of the sheet 2. The reinforcing body 10 may be a fabric other than a woven fabric. Examples of fabrics other than woven fabrics include knits and intersection welded meshes.

Examples of the material of the reinforcing body 10 include synthetic resin compositions and metals. Preferred base resins for the synthetic resin composition include polyethylene terephthalate, polyethylene naphthalate, aramid, vinylon, polypropylene, polystyrene, and polyvinylidene fluoride. Preferred metals include aluminum alloy, carbon steel, and alloy steel. By employing warp yarns 26a and weft yarns 26b having high tensile strength, a sufficiently high tensile strength of the sheet 2 can be achieved. By employing warp yarns 26a and weft yarns 26b with low elongation, sufficiently low elongation of the sheet 2 can be achieved.

As is clear from FIG. 7, this reinforcing body 10 has many eyes 28. In this embodiment, the planar shape of each eye 28 is generally square. The intermediate layer 6 passes through this eye 28. This penetration may contribute to the high tensile strength of the sheet 2. This penetration may furthermore contribute to a small elongation of the sheet 2.

In FIG. 7, the arrow P1 represents the pitch of the thread 26. The pitch P1 is preferably 1.0 mm or more and 50 mm or less. In the reinforcing body 10 where the pitch P1 is 1.0 mm or more, a large amount of polymer cement or the like passes through the holes 28. This reinforcement 10 can contribute to a high tensile strength and low elongation of the sheet 2. From this viewpoint, the pitch P1 is more preferably 1.2 mm or more, particularly preferably 1.5 mm or more. In a reinforcing body 10 with a pitch P1 of 50 mm or less, this reinforcing body 10 can contribute to high tensile strength and low elongation of the sheet 2. From this viewpoint, the pitch P1 is more preferably 40 mm or less, particularly preferably 35 mm or less.

In FIG. 7, the arrow D1 represents the thickness of the thread 26. With threads 26 having a large thickness D1, a high tensile strength and low elongation of the sheet 2 can be achieved. From this viewpoint, the thickness D1 is preferably 0.05 mm or more, more preferably 0.10 mm or more, and particularly preferably 0.15 mm or more. The thickness is preferably 1.0 mm or less.

The structural sheet 2 may include a reinforcing body 10 other than fabric. Examples of the reinforcing body 10 other than fabric include nonwoven fabric, long fibers, resin film, and metal foil. The reinforcement 10 may be a large number of short fibers dispersed in the composition. The sheet 2 may have a layered structure that does not include the reinforcing body 10.

[Other layers]
The structural sheet 2 may have another layer located above the functional layer 4. A typical other layer is a clear paint layer. Other layers may be layers that reinforce or add functions such as design and heat shielding properties. The structural sheet 2 may have a layer located between the functional layer 4 and the intermediate layer 6. The structural sheet 2 may have a layer located between the intermediate layer 6 and the adhesive layer 8.

[Total thickness]
In FIG. 3, the arrow Tt represents the total thickness of the sheet 2. The total thickness Tt is preferably 200 μm or more, more preferably 400 μm or more, and particularly preferably 500 μm or more. This total thickness Tt is preferably 5.0 mm or less, more preferably 3.0 mm or less, and particularly preferably 1.0 mm or less. It is preferable that the distribution of the total thickness Tt is within the range of ±100 μm.

[Production method]
An example of a method for manufacturing this structural sheet 2 will be explained below. In this manufacturing method, the polymer composition of the functional layer 4 is mixed with a solvent to obtain a first paint. This first coating material is applied onto the base film to obtain a first coating film. This first coating film is heated and the solvent evaporates from the first coating material. The base polymer is cured by this heating, and the functional layer 4 is obtained.

Next, the composite material of the intermediate layer 6 is mixed with a solvent to obtain a second paint. This second coating material is applied onto the functional layer 4 to obtain a second coating film. The reinforcing body 10 is pressed against this second coating film. This second coating film is heated and the solvent evaporates from the second coating material. The polymer is cured by this heating, and the intermediate layer 6 including the reinforcing body 10 is obtained.

Next, the adhesive composition of the adhesive layer 8 is mixed with a solvent to obtain a third paint. This third coating material is applied onto the release film to obtain a third coating film. This third coating film is heated, the solvent is evaporated from the third coating material, and the adhesive layer 8 is obtained.

This adhesive layer 8 is overlapped with the intermediate layer 6. Further, the base film is peeled off from the functional layer 4, and the release film is peeled off from the adhesive layer 8, to obtain the structural sheet 2. The release film may remain on the structure sheet 2.

[effect]
Since this structural sheet 2 has excellent followability, it can also be applied to the roof 12 where the step 18 exists, as described above. By patching together a plurality of sheets 2, the surface of the roof 12 can be covered over a wide area with the sheets 2. Since the sheet 2 has an adhesive layer 8, application of adhesive to the roof 12 is not essential. Since this adhesive layer 8 has excellent adhesiveness, even if the surface of the roof 12 is made of composite materials, a wide area of the surface of the roof 12 can be covered with the sheet 2. For example, even if the roof 12 has a surface including both metal and artificial slate, a large area of the surface of the roof 12 can be covered with the sheet 2.

The entire surface of the roof 12 may be covered with the sheet 2. In this specification, the surface of the roof 12 means a surface that can be visually recognized when the roof 12 is viewed from above in the vertical direction. A repair method in which the entire surface of the roof 12 is covered with a single type of sheet 2 is not found in conventional construction methods.

This sheet 2 is lighter than steel plates, copper plates, galvanized iron plates, and the like. Therefore, even if a large area of the surface of the roof 12 is covered with the sheet 2, the adverse effect on the earthquake resistance of the building is small. From the viewpoint of earthquake resistance, the density of the sheet 2 is preferably 4.0 g/cm ³ or less, more preferably 3.0 g/cm ³ or less, and particularly preferably 2.5 g/cm ³ or less. This density is much smaller than the density of the aluminum-zinc alloy plated steel sheet (trade name "Galvalume steel sheet") which is used for repairing the roof 12.

[Other uses]
This sheet 2 can contribute to the repair or reinforcement of structures other than the roof 12. Examples of structures other than the roof 12 include walls, pillars, eaves, fences, gates, doors, parapets, and caps of houses. This sheet 2 may be used for commercial buildings, factories, warehouses, bridges, sewage facilities, railway facilities, telephone poles, tunnels, etc.

[Re-repair and re-reinforcement]
After a structure (such as the roof 12) is repaired or reinforced with this sheet 2 or other sheets, the sheet or structure may be damaged or deteriorated due to aging. By applying a newly prepared structural sheet 2 to the sheet at this damaged or deteriorated location, re-repair or re-reinforcement can be performed. By pasting the new sheet 2 over the old sheet, the value of the structure can be preserved and maintained for an extremely long period of time. This overlapping can be achieved by the adhesive force of the adhesive layer 8 of the new sheet 2. This re-repair and re-reinforcement does not require the old sheet to be discarded. This re-repair and re-reinforcement can reduce the generation of waste. This seat 2 is in line with the spirit of circular economy. Even if the sheet 2 with a low density is laminated on the old sheet, the adverse effect on the earthquake resistance of the structure is small.

[Second embodiment]
[Layer structure]
FIG. 8 shows a structural sheet 30 according to another embodiment. This sheet 30 has a functional layer 32, an intermediate layer 34, and an adhesive layer 36. The specifications of the functional layer 32, the intermediate layer 34, and the adhesive layer 36, such as the material and thickness, are the same as the specifications of the functional layer 4, the intermediate layer 6, and the adhesive layer 8 of the structural sheet 2 shown in FIG. 1-3. Each is the same. This sheet 30 does not have the reinforcing body 10 (see FIG. 3).

[Functional layer]
The material of the functional layer 32 is a polymer composition similar to that of the functional layer 4 shown in FIGS. 1-3. The polymer composition of functional layer 32 includes a first base polymer and a second base polymer. The glass transition point of the second base polymer, ie, the second glass transition point T2, is lower than the glass transition point of the first base polymer, ie, the first glass transition point T1. The first base polymer can contribute to the heat resistance of the structural sheet 30. The second base polymer can contribute to the conformability of this sheet 30.

Hereinafter, the effects of the structural sheet according to the example will be clarified. The scope disclosed herein should not be construed to be limited based on the description of this example.

[Example 1]
An acrylic silicone resin having a glass transition point of 29.66° C. was prepared as the first base polymer. As the second base polymer, an acrylic silicone resin having a glass transition point of -15.93°C was prepared. 70 parts by mass of the first base polymer and 30 parts by mass of the second base polymer were mixed in a defoaming conditioning mixer (trade name "Awatori Rentaro AR-250" manufactured by Shinky Co., Ltd.) to form the first paint. I got it. The mixing conditions are as follows.
Stirring temperature: 25℃
Stirring time: 2min
Revolution speed: 2000rpm
Rotation speed: 800rpm
Defoaming time: 3min
Defoaming conditions: 2200rpm, 60rpm
A first coating material was applied to a release sheet having an embossed shape using an applicator ("YBA-5 type" manufactured by Yoshimitsu Seiki Co., Ltd.) to obtain a first coating film. This first coating film was placed in an oven ("LC-114" manufactured by ESPEC) and kept at a temperature of 80.degree. C. for 1 hour to produce a functional layer. The thickness of this functional layer was 110 μm. The elongation at break of this functional layer in environments of -10°C, -5°C, 0°C, 5°C and 80°C, measured by the method described above (JIS K 7161), is shown in Table 1 below. ing.

A second paint was obtained by mixing an acrylic emulsion (the above-mentioned trade name "Spring Coat Brush Mixture") and a cement composition (the above-mentioned trade name "Spring Coat Brush Powder"). This second coating material was applied onto the functional layer to obtain a second coating film. A woven fabric ("Crystalline #600 Cremona" manufactured by Kuraray Co., Ltd.) was pressed against this second coating film as a reinforcing body. This second coating film was heated to obtain an intermediate layer containing a reinforcing body. The thickness of this intermediate layer was 300 μm.

An adhesive containing 100 parts by mass of an acrylic resin (trade name "Olivine BPS6574" described above) and 6 parts by mass of an isocyanate curing agent (trade name "BHS8515" manufactured by Toyochem Co., Ltd.) were mixed, and a gel fraction of 57. % was obtained. This third coating material was applied onto the release film to obtain a third coating film. This third coating film was heated to obtain an adhesive layer. The thickness of this adhesive layer was 100 μm.

This adhesive layer was laminated with the intermediate layer. Furthermore, the release sheet was peeled off from the functional layer and the release film was peeled off from the adhesive layer to obtain the structural sheet of Example 1 having the layer structure shown in FIGS. 1-3.

[Example 2 and Comparative Example 1-3]
Structure sheets of Example 2 and Comparative Examples 1-3 were prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the mass ratio of the first base polymer and the second base polymer was as shown in Table 1 below. Obtained.

[Heat-resistant]
Regarding the elongation at break of the functional layer in an environment of 80° C., which was measured by the method described above (JIS K 7161), grading was performed according to the following criteria.
A: 400% or more B: 250% or more and less than 400% C: less than 250% The results are shown in Table 1 below.

[Followability]
During the cold season, workers were asked to apply structural sheets to roofs. We asked this worker about followability. Ratings were made according to the following criteria.
A: Very good B: Good C: Poor The results are shown in Table 1 below.

As is clear from Table 1, the structural sheets of each example have excellent heat resistance and trackability. From this evaluation result, the superiority of this structural sheet is clear.

[Disclosure items]
Each of the following items discloses preferred embodiments.

[Item 1]
It includes an adhesive layer and a functional layer whose material is a polymer composition,
The polymer composition includes a first base polymer and a second base polymer,
the first base polymer has a first glass transition point T1;
the second base polymer has a second glass transition point T2;
A sheet for structures, wherein the second glass transition point T2 is lower than the first glass transition point T1.

[Item 2]
The sheet for structures according to item 1, wherein the difference (T1-T2) between the first glass transition point T1 and the second glass transition point T2 is 30° C. or more.

[Item 3]
The sheet for structures according to item 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the first base polymer to the second base polymer in the polymer composition is 30/70 or more and 80/20 or less.

[Item 4]
The sheet for structures according to any one of items 1 to 3, wherein the first glass transition point T1 is 25° C. or higher.

[Item 5]
The sheet for structures according to any one of items 1 to 4 or 2, wherein the second glass transition point T2 is −10° C. or lower.

[Item 6]
The sheet for structures according to item 4 or 5, wherein the first glass transition point T1 is 25°C or higher, and the second glass transition point T2 is -10°C or lower.

[Item 7]
The polymer composition has an upper glass transition point TU and a lower glass transition point TL,
7. The sheet for structures according to any one of items 1 to 6, wherein the upper glass transition point TU is 30° C. or lower, and the lower glass transition point TL is −15° C. or higher.

[Item 8]
The structural sheet according to any one of items 1 to 7, wherein the polymer composition contains a pigment, a filler, or a reinforcing material.

[Item 9]
The structural sheet according to any one of items 1 to 8, wherein the functional layer has an elongation at break of 10% or more and 175% or less in an environment at a temperature of 5°C.

[Item 10]
further comprising an intermediate layer located between the functional layer and the adhesive layer,
The structural sheet according to any one of items 1 to 9, wherein the material of the intermediate layer is a composite material containing a polymer and a filler (for example, cement).

[Item 11]
further comprising a reinforcing body located between the functional layer and the adhesive layer,
The structural sheet according to any one of items 1 to 10, wherein the reinforcing body is fabric.

[Item 12]
A method of repairing or reinforcing a structure using a sheet, the method comprising:
(1) Comprising an adhesive layer and a functional layer whose material is a polymer composition,
The polymer composition includes a first base polymer and a second base polymer,
the first base polymer has a first glass transition point T1;
the second base polymer has a second glass transition point T2;
preparing a sheet having the second glass transition point T2 lower than the first glass transition point T1;
and (2) a method for repairing or reinforcing a structure, comprising the step of attaching the sheet to the surface of the structure using the adhesive force of the adhesive layer.

[Item 13]
A method of re-repairing or re-reinforcing a structure that has been repaired or reinforced with old sheets, the method comprising:
(1) Comprising an adhesive layer and a functional layer whose material is a polymer composition,
The polymer composition includes a first base polymer and a second base polymer,
the first base polymer has a first glass transition point T1;
the second base polymer has a second glass transition point T2;
preparing a new sheet whose second glass transition point T2 is lower than the first glass transition point T1;
and (2) a method for re-repairing or re-reinforcing a structure, comprising the step of applying the new sheet to the surface of the damaged or deteriorated old sheet using the adhesive force of the adhesive layer.

The structural sheet described above can be used by being attached to various objects.

2... Sheet for structures 2a... First sheet 2b... Second sheet 4... Functional layer 6... Intermediate layer 8... Adhesive layer 10... Reinforcement body 12... Roof 18...Step 22...Joint 24...Step 26...Thread 26a...Warp 26b...Weft 28...Stitch 30...Structure sheet 32...Functional layer 34...middle class

Claims

It includes an adhesive layer and a functional layer whose material is a polymer composition,
The polymer composition includes a first base polymer and a second base polymer,
the first base polymer has a first glass transition point T1;
the second base polymer has a second glass transition point T2;
A sheet for structures, wherein the second glass transition point T2 is lower than the first glass transition point T1.
The sheet for structures according to claim 1, wherein the difference (T1-T2) between the first glass transition point T1 and the second glass transition point T2 is 30° C. or more.
The sheet for structures according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the mass ratio of the first base polymer to the second base polymer in the polymer composition is 30/70 or more and 80/20 or less.
The sheet for structures according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first glass transition point T1 is 25°C or higher.
The sheet for structures according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second glass transition point T2 is -10°C or lower.
The sheet for structures according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the first glass transition point T1 is 25°C or higher, and the second glass transition point T2 is -10°C or lower.
The polymer composition has an upper glass transition point TU and a lower glass transition point TL,
The sheet for structures according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the upper glass transition point TU is 30°C or lower, and the lower glass transition point TL is -15°C or higher.
The structural sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the polymer composition contains a pigment, a filler, or a reinforcing material.
The structural sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the functional layer has an elongation at break of 10% or more and 175% or less in an environment where the temperature is 5°C.
further comprising an intermediate layer located between the functional layer and the adhesive layer,
The structural sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the material of the intermediate layer is a composite material containing a polymer and a filler.
further comprising a reinforcing body located between the functional layer and the adhesive layer,
The structural sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the reinforcing body is a fabric.
A method of repairing or reinforcing a structure using a sheet, the method comprising:
(1) Comprising an adhesive layer and a functional layer whose material is a polymer composition,
The polymer composition includes a first base polymer and a second base polymer,
the first base polymer has a first glass transition point T1;
the second base polymer has a second glass transition point T2;
preparing a sheet having the second glass transition point T2 lower than the first glass transition point T1;
and (2) a method for repairing or reinforcing a structure, comprising the step of attaching the sheet to the surface of the structure using the adhesive force of the adhesive layer.
A method of re-repairing or re-reinforcing a structure that has been repaired or reinforced with old sheets, the method comprising:
(1) Comprising an adhesive layer and a functional layer whose material is a polymer composition,
The polymer composition includes a first base polymer and a second base polymer,
the first base polymer has a first glass transition point T1;
the second base polymer has a second glass transition point T2;
preparing a new sheet whose second glass transition point T2 is lower than the first glass transition point T1;
and (2) a method for re-repairing or re-reinforcing a structure, comprising the step of applying the new sheet to the surface of the damaged or deteriorated old sheet using the adhesive force of the adhesive layer.