[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

WO2023117087A1 - Procédé de création d'une couche d'oxyde de passivation sur un composant en acier inoxydable d'une cellule électrochimique - Google Patents

Procédé de création d'une couche d'oxyde de passivation sur un composant en acier inoxydable d'une cellule électrochimique Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023117087A1
WO2023117087A1 PCT/EP2021/087343 EP2021087343W WO2023117087A1 WO 2023117087 A1 WO2023117087 A1 WO 2023117087A1 EP 2021087343 W EP2021087343 W EP 2021087343W WO 2023117087 A1 WO2023117087 A1 WO 2023117087A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
stainless steel
steel component
heat treatment
donor
component
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/EP2021/087343
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Thomas Woehrle
Thomas Waldenmaier
Lothar Foerster
Original Assignee
Ceres Intellectual Property Company Limited
Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Ceres Intellectual Property Company Limited, Robert Bosch Gesellschaft mit beschränkter Haftung filed Critical Ceres Intellectual Property Company Limited
Priority to PCT/EP2021/087343 priority Critical patent/WO2023117087A1/fr
Priority to TW111148862A priority patent/TW202336248A/zh
Publication of WO2023117087A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023117087A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0206—Metals or alloys
    • H01M8/0208—Alloys
    • H01M8/021—Alloys based on iron
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
    • C23C10/38—Chromising
    • C23C10/40—Chromising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/36—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation only one element being diffused
    • C23C10/48—Aluminising
    • C23C10/50—Aluminising of ferrous surfaces
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/52—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in one step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/52—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in one step
    • C23C10/54—Diffusion of at least chromium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/52—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in one step
    • C23C10/54—Diffusion of at least chromium
    • C23C10/56—Diffusion of at least chromium and at least aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/28—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces using solids, e.g. powders, pastes
    • C23C10/34—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation
    • C23C10/58—Embedding in a powder mixture, i.e. pack cementation more than one element being diffused in more than one step
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C10/00—Solid state diffusion of only metal elements or silicon into metallic material surfaces
    • C23C10/60—After-treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C8/00—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
    • C23C8/06—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases
    • C23C8/08—Solid state diffusion of only non-metal elements into metallic material surfaces; Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive gas, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using gases only one element being applied
    • C23C8/10—Oxidising
    • C23C8/12—Oxidising using elemental oxygen or ozone
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/02—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form
    • C25B11/03—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by shape or form perforated or foraminous
    • C25B11/031—Porous electrodes
    • C25B11/032—Gas diffusion electrodes
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
    • C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
    • C25B11/051—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier
    • C25B11/055—Electrodes formed of electrocatalysts on a substrate or carrier characterised by the substrate or carrier material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
    • C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
    • C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
    • C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/0204—Non-porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0223—Composites
    • H01M8/0228—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0241—Composites
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/02—Details
    • H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
    • H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
    • H01M8/0241—Composites
    • H01M8/0245—Composites in the form of layered or coated products
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1097—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/1286—Fuel cells applied on a support, e.g. miniature fuel cells deposited on silica supports
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M2008/1293—Fuel cells with solid oxide electrolytes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of electrochemical cells, and, in particular, relates to metal-supported electrochemical cells. More specifically, the invention relates to the field of solid oxide cells, including metal-supported solid oxide cells.
  • Solid oxide cells comprise three basic parts: a fuel electrode, a solid electrolyte, and an air or oxidant electrode, which are commonly arranged in layers. They may be tubular or planar in configuration. Multiple planar solid oxide cell units may be arranged overlying one another to form a "stack", with the individual cell units arranged electrically in series. SOCs typically operate at temperatures ranging from 600 °C to 1000 °C.
  • SOCs can be run as solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) or as solid oxide electrolyser cell (SOEC).
  • SOFCs are energy conversion devices that allow for conversion of electrochemical fuel to electricity. More specifically, SOFCs use an electrochemical conversion process that oxidises fuel to produce electricity. For this, a fuel, or reformed fuel, contacts the fuel electrode and an oxidant, such as air or an oxygen rich fluid, contacts the oxidant electrode. The solid oxide electrolyte then conducts negative oxygen ions from the oxidant electrode to the fuel electrode.
  • the fuel electrode constitutes the anode and the air or oxidant electrode constitutes the cathode.
  • SOECs are SOCs run in reverse mode compared to SOFCs and are commonly used for the electrolysis of water, in particular for generating hydrogen and oxygen gas.
  • the fuel electrode constitutes the cathode and the air or oxidant electrode constitutes the anode.
  • Fuel electrode, solid electrolyte and air or oxidant electrode may be selfsupported ("electrolyte-supported", “cathode-supported”, or “anode-supported” SOC) or arranged in layers on a mechanical support.
  • the mechanical support and also other components forming part of the cell repeat unit are preferably made of stainless steel which offers several advantages over conventionally used materials such as ceramics.
  • mechanical supports made from stainless steel allow for a more compact design of the SOC and, thus, for a higher power density.
  • Such SOCs are commonly referred to as metal-supported SOCs ("MS-SOC").
  • the mechanical support may be an intrinsically porous metal substrate formed from a powder metal precursor (for example, by tape casting), or, more preferably, is formed from a metal support plate provided with a porous region in the form of through holes or small apertures surrounded by a non-porous (solid) region.
  • the porous region is provided through the metal support plate, and a fuel electrode layer is coated over that region, and then successive layers coated on top, which layers are thus supported by the metal support plate.
  • the invention relates to a method for creating a passivating oxide layer on a stainless steel component of an electrochemical cell.
  • the method comprises a step (i) of enriching a surface zone of the stainless steel component with at least one oxide-forming donor element selected from the list consisting of Cr, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, Al, Hf, and Ce.
  • the concentration of at least one donor element selected from the list consisting of Cr, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, Al, Hf, and Ce is increased in a region near the surface of the stainless steel component.
  • This step (i) of enriching the surface zone comprises a step of heat treating the stainless steel component in an enclosure, e.g. in a vacuum oven.
  • at least one donor component is present together with the stainless steel component.
  • the at least one donor component comprises, preferably consists of, one or more of the donor elements Cr, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, Al, Hf, and Ce.
  • the heat treatment is conducted at a temperature of at least 900°C and at most 1300°C.
  • the heat treatment is conducted under a pressure of at least 5 mbar and at most 500 mbar.
  • the at least one donor element contained in the at least one donor component partially evaporates. This results in a certain partial pressure of the at least one donor element being present in the enclosure and, consequently, to adsorption of the at least one donor element at the surface of the stainless steel component.
  • the at least one donor element diffuses into the stainless steel component creating a surface zone with an increased (enriched) concentration of the at least one donor element compared to the bulk.
  • the stainless steel component is oxidized in a step (ii) by a second heat treatment.
  • the at least one donor element enriched in the surface zone of the stainless steel component is oxidized to form a passivating oxide layer on the stainless steel component.
  • the second heat treatment of step (ii) may be performed in the same enclosure as the heat treatment of step (i). Alternatively, the second heat treatment may be performed in a different enclosure, e.g. in a vacuum oven.
  • the proposed method allows for cheap manufacturing of a protective layer that is highly oxidation resistant and prevents chromium evaporation from the stainless steel component.
  • the method does not require expensive coating equipment, which reduces process costs.
  • the proposed method does not rely on coating a full layer of an oxide-forming donor element on the stainless steel component, but is based on increasing the concentration of the at least one donor elements in a surface zone of the stainless steel component.
  • process parameters e.g. elemental composition of the at least one donor component, pressure in the enclosure and temperature in the enclosure, the amount of material diffusing into the stainless steel component can be precisely tuned, e.g. dependent on the elemental composition of the stainless steel component.
  • a further advantage of the proposed method is that the process of adsorption of the at least one donor element on the surface of the stainless steel component is not directed, i.e. not limited to surfaces exposed to a certain coating direction. This allows protective coatings to also be formed on complex shaped components, e.g. in undercuts or holes.
  • the stainless steel component may be a ferritic steel component.
  • the stainless steel component may be a mechanical support, a gas permeable carrier or an interconnector component of an electrochemical cell.
  • the stainless steel component may be any plate or sheet stainless steel component forming part of the electrochemical cell (for example, a spacer plate, or current collection plate).
  • the stainless steel component is a component of a solid oxide fuel cell or a solid oxide electrolyser cell.
  • the stainless steel component may be a mechanical support or a gas permeable support layer of a metal-supported electrochemical cell, such as, for example, a SOC.
  • the stainless steel component may be an intrinsically porous metal substrate formed from a powder metal precursor or may be formed from a metal support plate provided with a porous region in the form of through holes or small apertures surrounded by a non-porous (solid) region.
  • the method is not limited to such components, but can be applied to other stainless steel components as well.
  • step (i) the heat treatment is conducted at a temperature of at least 1000°C and at most 1150°C.
  • step (i) the heat treatment is conducted for at least 1h and at most 24h.
  • the heat treatment may be conducted in an inert gas atmosphere.
  • the heat treatment is conducted in an atmosphere containing, in particular consisting of, one or more of Ar, He or N2.
  • the heat treatment in step (i) may be conducted in a reducing atmosphere, e.g. in an atmosphere containing, in particular consisting of, H2. It is also possible that the heat treatment in step (i) is conducted in an atmosphere consisting of a mixture of two or more of Ar, He, N2 and H2.
  • the concentration of the at least one donor element in the donor component is at least twice as high as the initial concentration of the at least one donor element in the stainless steel component before the step of enriching the surface zone.
  • the material composition of the surface zone of the stainless steel component and, thus, the material composition of the passivating oxide layer formed after heat treatment in step (ii) may be tuned depending on the configuration of the at least one donor component, e.g. depending on the number and elemental composition of donor components present in the enclosure.
  • a single donor component may be present in the enclosure, wherein the single donor component comprises or consists of one or more of the donor elements selected from the list consisting of Cr, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, Al, Hf, Ce.
  • two or more donor components may be present in the enclosure.
  • a first donor component may be present consisting of a first donor element selected from the list consisting of Cr, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, Al, Hf, Ce and a second donor component may be present consisting of a second donor element selected from from the list consisting of Cr, Mn, Si, Mo, Nb, Ti, V, Al, Hf, Ce, said first donor element and said second donor element being different.
  • the second heat treatment is conducted at a temperature of at least 700°C and at most 1000°C.
  • the second heat treatment step is conducted in an oxygen donating atmosphere.
  • the second heat treatment step is conducted in an H2O and/or O2 containing atmosphere.
  • the second heat treatment may be conducted for at least 30 min and at most 16h. Preferably, the second heat treatment is conducted for at least 30 min and at most 3h.
  • the invention also relates to a method for manufacturing an electrochemical cell.
  • the electrochemical cell comprises at least a fuel electrode, an electrolyte, an air or oxidant electrode, and at least one component made of stainless steel.
  • the fuel electrode may be composed of nickel oxide or Ni-YSZ (Yttria-stabilized zirconia).
  • the solid electrolyte layer may be composed of Yttria- stabilized zirconia (YSZ), Gadolinia-doped Ceria or Cerium Gadolinium Oxide (CGO).
  • the air or oxidant electrode may be composed of (La,Sr)MnOs, (La, Sr)CoOs, LaNiOs, or LaFeOs.
  • the method for manufacturing the electrochemical cell comprises a step of providing the at least one stainless steel component and creating a passivating oxide layer on said at least one stainless steel component by a method as described above.
  • the features and advantages explained above in connection with the method of creating a passivating oxide layer are also applicable to the method for manufacturing the electrochemical cell. After creating the passivating oxide layer on the at least one stainless steel component, that is to say, after performing at least step (i) and step (ii) as discussed above, the electrochemical cell is assembled in a subsequent step.
  • the step of assembling the electrochemical cell comprises steps of applying a fuel electrode, an electrolyte, and an air or oxidant electrode (where the order of the electrode layers may be reversed depending on the type of cell), in particular on the at least one stainless steel component.
  • the electrochemical cell may be a solid oxide cell, preferably a metal-supported solid oxide cell.
  • the electrochemical cell may be a solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC). Then, the fuel electrode constitutes an anode and the air or oxidant electrode constitutes a cathode of the cell.
  • the electrochemical cell may be a solid oxide electrolyser cell (SOEC). Then, the fuel electrode constitutes a cathode and the air or oxidant electrode constitutes an anode of the cell.
  • the at least one stainless steel component may be a mechanical support of the electrochemical cell, more preferably a gas permeable carrier, for example, of a solid oxide cell.
  • the step of assembling the electrochemical cell may comprise steps of coating the mechanical support having the passivating oxide layer thereon with a fuel electrode layer, an electrolyte layer, and an air or oxidant electrode layer (where the order of the electrode layers may be reversed depending on the type of cell).
  • the stainless steel component may be an intrinsically porous metal substrate formed from a powder metal precursor or may be formed from a metal support plate provided with a porous region in the form of through holes or small apertures surrounded by a non-porous (solid) region.

Landscapes

  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Composite Materials (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)
  • Cell Electrode Carriers And Collectors (AREA)
  • Primary Cells (AREA)
  • Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un procédé de création d'une couche d'oxyde de passivation sur un composant en acier inoxydable d'une cellule électrochimique et un procédé de fabrication d'une cellule électrochimique.
PCT/EP2021/087343 2021-12-22 2021-12-22 Procédé de création d'une couche d'oxyde de passivation sur un composant en acier inoxydable d'une cellule électrochimique WO2023117087A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2021/087343 WO2023117087A1 (fr) 2021-12-22 2021-12-22 Procédé de création d'une couche d'oxyde de passivation sur un composant en acier inoxydable d'une cellule électrochimique
TW111148862A TW202336248A (zh) 2021-12-22 2022-12-20 電化電池不鏽鋼組件鈍化氧化物層之製作方法

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/EP2021/087343 WO2023117087A1 (fr) 2021-12-22 2021-12-22 Procédé de création d'une couche d'oxyde de passivation sur un composant en acier inoxydable d'une cellule électrochimique

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023117087A1 true WO2023117087A1 (fr) 2023-06-29

Family

ID=79731181

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/EP2021/087343 WO2023117087A1 (fr) 2021-12-22 2021-12-22 Procédé de création d'une couche d'oxyde de passivation sur un composant en acier inoxydable d'une cellule électrochimique

Country Status (2)

Country Link
TW (1) TW202336248A (fr)
WO (1) WO2023117087A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1156621A (en) * 1963-12-05 1969-07-02 Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren Improvements in or relating to Metal Fibres
US20060234112A1 (en) * 1999-07-31 2006-10-19 The Regents Of The University Of California Structures and fabrication techniques for solid state electrochemical devices
EP1942539B1 (fr) * 2006-12-07 2010-03-17 Ansaldo Fuel Cells S.p.A. Brides pour la plaque de séparation de piles à combustible en carbonate fondu
US20110117384A1 (en) * 2008-05-16 2011-05-19 Samir Biswas Aluminide Barrier Layers and Methods of Making and Using Thereof
US20120126485A1 (en) * 2008-10-08 2012-05-24 David Fairbourn Honeycomb Seal And Method To Produce It
US20150079498A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2015-03-19 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Strip Product Forming a Surface Coating of Perovskite or Spinel for Electrical Contacts
US20210262098A1 (en) * 2020-02-26 2021-08-26 Treadstone Technologies, Inc. Component having improved surface contact resistance and reaction activity and methods of making the same

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB1156621A (en) * 1963-12-05 1969-07-02 Wmf Wuerttemberg Metallwaren Improvements in or relating to Metal Fibres
US20060234112A1 (en) * 1999-07-31 2006-10-19 The Regents Of The University Of California Structures and fabrication techniques for solid state electrochemical devices
US20150079498A1 (en) * 2004-11-30 2015-03-19 Sandvik Intellectual Property Ab Strip Product Forming a Surface Coating of Perovskite or Spinel for Electrical Contacts
EP1942539B1 (fr) * 2006-12-07 2010-03-17 Ansaldo Fuel Cells S.p.A. Brides pour la plaque de séparation de piles à combustible en carbonate fondu
US20110117384A1 (en) * 2008-05-16 2011-05-19 Samir Biswas Aluminide Barrier Layers and Methods of Making and Using Thereof
US20120126485A1 (en) * 2008-10-08 2012-05-24 David Fairbourn Honeycomb Seal And Method To Produce It
US20210262098A1 (en) * 2020-02-26 2021-08-26 Treadstone Technologies, Inc. Component having improved surface contact resistance and reaction activity and methods of making the same

Non-Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
FRUTOS E ET AL: "Development of hard intermetallic coatings on austenitic stainless steel by hot dipping in an Al-Si alloy", SURFACE AND COATINGS TECHNOLOGY, ELSEVIER, NL, vol. 203, no. 19, 25 June 2009 (2009-06-25), pages 2916 - 2920, XP026117544, ISSN: 0257-8972, [retrieved on 20090317], DOI: 10.1016/J.SURFCOAT.2009.03.015 *
KASPRZYCKA EWA ET AL: "Diffusion layers produced on carbon steel surface by means of vacuum chromizing process", JOURNAL OF MATERIALS ENGINEERING AND PERFORMANCE, ASM INTERNATIONAL, MATERIALS PARK, OH, US, vol. 12, no. 6, 1 December 2003 (2003-12-01), pages 693 - 695, XP037870014, ISSN: 1059-9495, DOI: 10.1361/105994903322692493 *
RAPP R A: "THE CODEPOSITION OF ELEMENTS IN DIFFUSION COATINGS BY THE PACK CEMENTATION METHOD", MATERIALS AT HIGH TEMPERATURES, BUTTERWORTH HEINEMANN, GUILDFORD, GB, vol. 11, no. 1/04, 1 January 1993 (1993-01-01), pages 181 - 184, XP000419123, ISSN: 0960-3409 *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
TW202336248A (zh) 2023-09-16

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
US11233262B2 (en) Electrochemical element, electrochemical module, electrochemical device, energy system, solid oxide fuel cell and manufacturing method for electrochemical element
US12110598B2 (en) Manufacturing method for alloy material, alloy material, electrochemical element, electrochemical module, electrochemical device, energy system and solid oxide fuel cell
JP7470037B2 (ja) 電気化学素子の金属支持体、電気化学素子、電気化学モジュール、電気化学装置、エネルギーシステム、固体酸化物形燃料電池、固体酸化物形電解セルおよび金属支持体の製造方法
US20110159173A1 (en) Conductive coating for solid oxide fuel cells
JP7249943B2 (ja) 固体酸化物セルスタック中のインターコネクタとセルとの間の改善された接触
EP3790091A1 (fr) Support métallique pour dispositif électrochimique, dispositif électrochimique, module électrochimique, appareil électrochimique, système énergétique, pile à combustible à oxyde solide, cellule électrolytique à oxyde solide et procédé de production de support métallique
JP6917182B2 (ja) 導電性部材、電気化学反応単位、および、電気化学反応セルスタック
WO2023117087A1 (fr) Procédé de création d'une couche d'oxyde de passivation sur un composant en acier inoxydable d'une cellule électrochimique
JP2021161541A (ja) 合金部材の製造方法、合金部材、電気化学素子、電気化学モジュール、電気化学装置、エネルギーシステム、固体酸化物形燃料電池及び固体酸化物電解セル
US11228041B2 (en) Electrochemical device, energy system and solid oxide fuel cell
US9437880B2 (en) Method of manufacturing a fuel cell stack having an electrically conductive interconnect
WO2023117086A1 (fr) Procédé de création d'un revêtement protecteur sur un composant d'une cellule électrochimique
WO2024190131A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'élément électrochimique, élément électrochimique, module électrochimique, pile à combustible à oxyde solide, cellule d'électrolyseur à oxyde solide, dispositif électrochimique et système d'énergie
WO2023117085A1 (fr) Procédé de fabrication d'une cellule électrochimique
US10637070B2 (en) Highly porous anode catalyst layer structures for fuel flexible solid oxide fuel cells
JP2024132599A (ja) 合金部材、電気化学モジュール、固体酸化物形燃料電池、固体酸化物形電解セル、合金部材の製造方法及び電気化学モジュールの製造方法
EP3790092A1 (fr) Corps de support métallique pour élément électrochimique, élément électrochimique, module électrochimique, dispositif électrochimique, système d'énergie, pile à combustible à oxyde solide, et procédé de production pour corps de support métallique
JP2024030935A (ja) 固体酸化物形電気化学セルスタック用インターコネクタ及び固体酸化物形電気化学セルスタック
JP2024132600A (ja) 合金部材、電気化学モジュール、固体酸化物形燃料電池、固体酸化物形電解セル及び電気化学モジュールの製造方法
JP2023148146A (ja) 金属支持型電気化学素子の製造方法、金属支持型電気化学素子、固体酸化物形燃料電池、固体酸化物形電解セル、電気化学モジュール、電気化学装置及びエネルギーシステム

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 21844987

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE