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WO2023107062A2 - A double-tank mobile lng filling station and a filling method thereof - Google Patents

A double-tank mobile lng filling station and a filling method thereof Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023107062A2
WO2023107062A2 PCT/TR2022/051410 TR2022051410W WO2023107062A2 WO 2023107062 A2 WO2023107062 A2 WO 2023107062A2 TR 2022051410 W TR2022051410 W TR 2022051410W WO 2023107062 A2 WO2023107062 A2 WO 2023107062A2
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
lng
tank
saturation
line
cold
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/TR2022/051410
Other languages
French (fr)
Other versions
WO2023107062A3 (en
Inventor
Omer Hakan ACIKEL
Recep INAN
Original Assignee
Aygaz Dogal Gaz Toptan Satis A.S.
Uestco Enerji Sistemleri Limited Sirketi
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from TR2021/019192 external-priority patent/TR2021019192A1/en
Application filed by Aygaz Dogal Gaz Toptan Satis A.S., Uestco Enerji Sistemleri Limited Sirketi filed Critical Aygaz Dogal Gaz Toptan Satis A.S.
Publication of WO2023107062A2 publication Critical patent/WO2023107062A2/en
Publication of WO2023107062A3 publication Critical patent/WO2023107062A3/en

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C5/00—Methods or apparatus for filling containers with liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases under pressures
    • F17C5/002—Automated filling apparatus
    • F17C5/007—Automated filling apparatus for individual gas tanks or containers, e.g. in vehicles
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0107—Single phase
    • F17C2225/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/01—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2225/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2225/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2225/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0121—Propulsion of the fluid by gravity
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/0393—Localisation of heat exchange separate using a vaporiser
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refuelling vehicle fuel tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0139—Fuel stations

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a double-tank mobile liquefied natural gas (LNG) filling station, and a vehicle filling method thereof.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • Liquefied natural gas also known as LNG
  • LNG is a liquid belonging to the group of cryogenic fuels, which can be stored by cooling natural gas to -162 °C at atmospheric pressure such that it turns into a liquid phase.
  • LNG is sent to terminals around the world in special tanks, wherein LNG is re-gasified in these terminals and transported via a pipeline to distribution companies, industrial consumers and power plants.
  • LNG can be used as a cold (unsaturated) and a hot (saturated) fuel. LNG is produced and transported in the cold unsaturated state. Since hot (saturated) LNG is preferred as a fuel for spark ignition engines, LNG needs to be heated in the storage tank. Colder, and accordingly, denser LNG is preferred as a fuel for compression ignition engines. Therefore, service temperature of the LNG fuel varies upon demand. However, the technologies used to provide the requested fuel service temperature are insufficient and cannot be integrated efficiently.
  • a double-tank mobile liquefied natural gas (LNG) filling station comprises at least one storage tank for storing LNG; at least one saturation tank for storing cold LNG; at least one connecting line configured to provide a fluid connection between the storage tank and the saturation tank, and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the storage tank to the saturation tank; at least one gas phase balancing line for balancing gas phase between the storage tank and the saturation tank; at least one LNG dispensing unit configured to transfer LNG in the saturation tank to a vehicle, in a saturated or cold state, for use as a fuel; at least one evaporator configured to heat and saturate the cold LNG from the saturation tank; at least one evaporator line configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator and the saturation tank, and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the saturation tank to the evaporator; at least one LNG dispensing line configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator and the LNG dispensing unit, and allowing the LNG saturated in the evaporator to be
  • LNG
  • a vehicle filling method according to the present invention for a double-tank mobile LNG filling station comprises the steps of: if LNG is requested as cold LNG,
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a double-tank mobile LNG filling station, and a vehicle filling method thereof.
  • Another object of the present invention is to provide a double-tank mobile LNG filling station, and a vehicle filling method thereof, which minimizes the boil-off gas problem in the storage tank.
  • a further object of the present invention is to provide a double-tank mobile LNG filling station and a vehicle filling method thereof, which can provide a required service temperature of the LNG fuel depending on the engine type.
  • An alternative object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, double-tank mobile LNG filling station and a vehicle filling method thereof.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the invention.
  • Figure 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the invention.
  • Figure 3 is a schematic view of a further embodiment of the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the invention.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic view of a different embodiment of the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the invention.
  • Figure 5 is a schematic view of LNG fuel transfer between the saturation tank and the storage tank of the filling station according to the invention.
  • Figure 6 is a schematic view of the gas phase balancing between the saturation tank and the storage tank of the filling station according to the invention.
  • LNG which belongs to the group of cryogenic fuels and can be stored by cooling natural gas to -162 °C at atmospheric pressure such that it turns into a liquid phase, mainly consists of methane, ethane, propane and other heavy hydrocarbons. Since the volume of LNG is approximately 600 times lower than its gaseous volume, LNG is sent in dedicated tanks to the markets that are too far to be connected by direct pipelines from production areas. The LNG in the storage tank turns into gas state due to the changing temperature, and is accumulated in an upper portion of the tank. This situation is called “boil-off gas”, which causes a change in the pressure of the storage tank and fuel losses. In the prior art, although insulation properties of the LNG storage tank have been improved, the insulation becomes insufficient over time.
  • the present invention provides a low-cost double-tank mobile LNG filling station and a vehicle filling method for solving above-mentioned problems, which is capable of minimizing boil-off gas problem, and providing LNG fuel service temperature requested by the end consumer.
  • a double-tank mobile LNG filling station comprises at least one storage tank (1) for storing LNG; at least one saturation tank (2) for storing cold LNG; at least one connecting line (6) configured to provide a fluid connection between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2), and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the storage tank (1) to the saturation tank (2); at least one gas phase balancing line (5) for balancing gas phase between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2); at least one LNG dispensing unit (4) configured to transfer LNG in the saturation tank (2) to a vehicle, in a saturated or cold state, for use as a fuel; at least one evaporator (3) configured to heat and saturate the cold LNG from the saturation tank (2); at least one evaporator line (7) configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator (3) and the saturation tank (2), and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the saturation tank (2) to the evaporator (3); at least one LNG dispensing line (8) configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator (3) and the LNG dispens
  • a vehicle filling method according to the present invention for a double-tank mobile LNG filling station comprises the steps of: if LNG is requested as cold LNG,
  • the saturation tank (2) is located below the storage tank (1).
  • the gas phase is balanced between the storage tank and the saturation tank (2) by means of the gas phase balancing line (5).
  • LNG transfer is performed through the connecting line (6) by using the potential difference pressure resulting from the height between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2).
  • the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank (2) is conveyed to the saturation tank filling line (9).
  • the cold LNG fuel conveyed to the saturation tank filling line (9) is conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4) via the LNG dispensing line (8) and the cold LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4) is transferred to the vehicle via the vehicle filling line (10).
  • the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank (2) is conveyed to the evaporator (3) via the evaporator line (7).
  • the LNG fuel which has been heated in the evaporator (3) so as to be saturated, is conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4) via the LNG dispensing line (8).
  • the saturated LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4) is transferred to the vehicle via the vehicle filling line (10).
  • the saturation tank filling line (9) is connected with the evaporator line (7) at one end and with the LNG dispensing line (8) at the other end. Thanks to the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the present invention, installation costs of the LNG filling stations are reduced and the fuel temperature requested by the end consumer is provided. In addition, with the invention, the boil-off gas problem in the storage tank is minimized, the pressure of the storage tank does not change and fuel losses are prevented.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)

Abstract

A double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the present invention comprises at least one storage tank (1) for storing LNG; at least one saturation tank (2) for storing cold LNG; at least one connecting line (6) configured to provide a fluid connection between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2), and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the storage tank (1) to the saturation tank (2); at least one gas phase balancing line (5) for balancing gas phase between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2); at least one LNG dispensing unit (4) configured to transfer LNG in the saturation tank (2) to a vehicle, in a saturated or cold state, for use as a fuel; at least one evaporator (3) configured to heat and saturate the cold LNG from the saturation tank (2); at least one evaporator line (7) configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator (3) and the saturation tank (2), and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the saturation tank (2) to the evaporator (3); at least one LNG dispensing line (8) configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator (3) and the LNG dispensing unit (4), and allowing the LNG saturated in the evaporator (3) to be transferred to the LNG dispensing unit (4); at least one saturation tank filling line (9) configured to provide a fluid connection between the saturation tank (2) and the LNG dispensing unit (4), and allowing the cold LNG from the saturation tank (2) to be transferred to the LNG dispensing unit (4); at least one vehicle filling line (10) for transferring saturated or cold LNG at the LNG dispensing unit (4) to the vehicle.

Description

A DOUBLE-TANK MOBILE LNG FILLING STATION AND A FILLING METHOD THEREOF
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a double-tank mobile liquefied natural gas (LNG) filling station, and a vehicle filling method thereof.
Background of the Invention
Liquefied natural gas, also known as LNG, is a liquid belonging to the group of cryogenic fuels, which can be stored by cooling natural gas to -162 °C at atmospheric pressure such that it turns into a liquid phase. Composed mainly of methane, ethane, propane and other heavy hydrocarbons, volume of LNG is approximately 600 times lower than its gaseous volume. Therefore, markets that are too far to be connected by direct pipelines from production areas can access natural gas thanks to LNG. LNG is sent to terminals around the world in special tanks, wherein LNG is re-gasified in these terminals and transported via a pipeline to distribution companies, industrial consumers and power plants.
While storing LNG, some of the LNG turns into gas state due to the varying temperature in the tank, such that the LNG in gas state is accumulated at an upper portion of the tank. This situation, which is called “boil-off gas”, creates a big problem causing changes in the tank pressure, as well as fuel losses. Even if various insulation applications are provided for the LNG storage tank to solve that problem, such an insulation becomes insufficient over time.
LNG can be used as a cold (unsaturated) and a hot (saturated) fuel. LNG is produced and transported in the cold unsaturated state. Since hot (saturated) LNG is preferred as a fuel for spark ignition engines, LNG needs to be heated in the storage tank. Colder, and accordingly, denser LNG is preferred as a fuel for compression ignition engines. Therefore, service temperature of the LNG fuel varies upon demand. However, the technologies used to provide the requested fuel service temperature are insufficient and cannot be integrated efficiently.
In addition, it is aimed to increase LNG fuel consumption due to the increase in carbon emissions in the world. For this reason, the number and demand of LNG filling stations in the world is increasing. Most of the existing filling stations are built-in. Activation period of the built-in LNG filling stations is quite long, and a different design must be created for each site. Moreover, due to the high engineering labor for the built-in LNG filling stations and the need for large lands, the installation costs of the mentioned stations become very high. Further, these built-in filling stations are not sustainable.
Brief Description of the Invention
A double-tank mobile liquefied natural gas (LNG) filling station according to the present invention comprises at least one storage tank for storing LNG; at least one saturation tank for storing cold LNG; at least one connecting line configured to provide a fluid connection between the storage tank and the saturation tank, and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the storage tank to the saturation tank; at least one gas phase balancing line for balancing gas phase between the storage tank and the saturation tank; at least one LNG dispensing unit configured to transfer LNG in the saturation tank to a vehicle, in a saturated or cold state, for use as a fuel; at least one evaporator configured to heat and saturate the cold LNG from the saturation tank; at least one evaporator line configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator and the saturation tank, and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the saturation tank to the evaporator; at least one LNG dispensing line configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator and the LNG dispensing unit, and allowing the LNG saturated in the evaporator to be transferred to the LNG dispensing line; at least one saturation tank filling line configured to provide a fluid connection between the saturation tank and the LNG dispensing unit, and allowing the cold LNG from the saturation tank to be transferred to the LNG dispensing unit; at least one vehicle filling line for transferring saturated or cold LNG at the LNG dispensing unit to the vehicle.
A vehicle filling method according to the present invention for a double-tank mobile LNG filling station comprises the steps of: if LNG is requested as cold LNG,
• balancing a gas phase between the storage tank and the saturation tank by means of the gas phase balancing line;
• after the gas phase is balanced, transferring LNG fuel from the storage tank to the saturation tank using a potential difference pressure resulting from the height between the storage tank and the saturation tank;
• conveying the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank to the saturation tank filling line;
• conveying the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank filling line to the LNG dispensing unit via the LNG dispensing line;
• refueling the vehicle via the vehicle filling line with the cold LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit; if LNG is requested as saturated LNG,
• balancing a gas phase between the storage tank and the saturation tank by means of the gas phase balancing line;
• after the gas phase is balanced, transferring LNG fuel from the storage tank to the saturation tank using a potential difference pressure resulting from the height between the storage tank and the saturation tank;
• conveying the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank to the evaporator via the evaporator line;
• conveying the LNG fuel, which has been heated in the evaporator so as to be saturated, to the LNG dispensing unit via the LNG dispensing line;
• refueling the vehicle via the vehicle filling line with the saturated LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit.
Thanks to the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the present invention, the boil-off gas problem is minimized, which causes changes in the storage tank pressure, as well as fuel losses. In addition, service temperature of the LNG fuel requested by the end consumer is provided with the developed filling station. Furthermore, the installation costs of the LNG filling station are minimized by means of the invention. of the Invention An object of the present invention is to provide a double-tank mobile LNG filling station, and a vehicle filling method thereof.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a double-tank mobile LNG filling station, and a vehicle filling method thereof, which minimizes the boil-off gas problem in the storage tank.
A further object of the present invention is to provide a double-tank mobile LNG filling station and a vehicle filling method thereof, which can provide a required service temperature of the LNG fuel depending on the engine type.
An alternative object of the present invention is to provide a low-cost, double-tank mobile LNG filling station and a vehicle filling method thereof.
Description of the Invention
Schematic views of the system in the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the present invention are illustrated in the attached drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is a schematic view of an embodiment of the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the invention.
Figure 2 is a schematic view of another embodiment of the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the invention.
Figure 3 is a schematic view of a further embodiment of the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the invention.
Figure 4 is a schematic view of a different embodiment of the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the invention.
Figure 5 is a schematic view of LNG fuel transfer between the saturation tank and the storage tank of the filling station according to the invention.
Figure 6 is a schematic view of the gas phase balancing between the saturation tank and the storage tank of the filling station according to the invention.
All the parts illustrated in figures are individually assigned a reference numeral and the corresponding terms of these numbers are listed below: Storage tank (1)
Saturation tank (2)
Evaporator (3)
LNG dispensing unit (4)
Gas phase balancing line (5)
Connecting line (6)
Evaporator line (7)
LNG dispensing line (8)
Saturation tank filling line (9)
Vehicle filling line (10)
Description of the Invention
LNG, which belongs to the group of cryogenic fuels and can be stored by cooling natural gas to -162 °C at atmospheric pressure such that it turns into a liquid phase, mainly consists of methane, ethane, propane and other heavy hydrocarbons. Since the volume of LNG is approximately 600 times lower than its gaseous volume, LNG is sent in dedicated tanks to the markets that are too far to be connected by direct pipelines from production areas. The LNG in the storage tank turns into gas state due to the changing temperature, and is accumulated in an upper portion of the tank. This situation is called “boil-off gas”, which causes a change in the pressure of the storage tank and fuel losses. In the prior art, although insulation properties of the LNG storage tank have been improved, the insulation becomes insufficient over time. In addition, service temperature of the LNG fuel varies according to the engine of the vehicle. However, the technologies used to provide the requested fuel service temperature are insufficient and cannot be integrated efficiently. Furthermore, most of the existing LNG filling stations are installed built-in. Installation costs of the built-in LNG filling stations are quite high and the activation period thereof is quite long. Therefore, the present invention provides a low-cost double-tank mobile LNG filling station and a vehicle filling method for solving above-mentioned problems, which is capable of minimizing boil-off gas problem, and providing LNG fuel service temperature requested by the end consumer. A double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the present invention comprises at least one storage tank (1) for storing LNG; at least one saturation tank (2) for storing cold LNG; at least one connecting line (6) configured to provide a fluid connection between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2), and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the storage tank (1) to the saturation tank (2); at least one gas phase balancing line (5) for balancing gas phase between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2); at least one LNG dispensing unit (4) configured to transfer LNG in the saturation tank (2) to a vehicle, in a saturated or cold state, for use as a fuel; at least one evaporator (3) configured to heat and saturate the cold LNG from the saturation tank (2); at least one evaporator line (7) configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator (3) and the saturation tank (2), and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the saturation tank (2) to the evaporator (3); at least one LNG dispensing line (8) configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator (3) and the LNG dispensing unit (4), and allowing the LNG saturated in the evaporator (3) to be transferred to the LNG dispensing unit (4); at least one saturation tank filling line (9) configured to provide a fluid connection between the saturation tank (2) and the LNG dispensing unit (4), and allowing the cold LNG from the saturation tank (2) to be transferred to the LNG dispensing unit (4); at least one vehicle filling line (10) for transferring saturated or cold LNG at the LNG dispensing unit (4) to the vehicle.
A vehicle filling method according to the present invention for a double-tank mobile LNG filling station comprises the steps of: if LNG is requested as cold LNG,
• balancing a gas phase between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2) by means of the gas phase balancing line (5);
• after the gas phase is balanced, transferring LNG fuel from the storage tank (1) to the saturation tank (2) using a potential difference pressure resulting from the height between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2);
• conveying the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank (2) to the saturation tank filling line (9);
• conveying the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank filling line (9) to the LNG dispensing unit (4) via the LNG dispensing line (8); • refueling the vehicle via the vehicle filling line (10) with the cold LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4); if LNG is requested as saturated LNG, balancing a gas phase between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2) by means of the gas phase balancing line (5); after the gas phase is balanced, transferring LNG fuel from the storage tank (1) to the saturation tank (2) using a potential difference pressure resulting from the height between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2);
• conveying the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank (2) to the evaporator (3) via the evaporator line (7);
• conveying the LNG fuel, which has been heated in the evaporator (3) so as to be saturated, to the LNG dispensing unit (4) via the LNG dispensing line (8);
• refueling the vehicle via the vehicle filling line (10) with the saturated LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4).
In an embodiment of the present invention, the saturation tank (2) is located below the storage tank (1).
In another embodiment of the present invention, the gas phase is balanced between the storage tank and the saturation tank (2) by means of the gas phase balancing line (5). After the gas phase is balanced, LNG transfer is performed through the connecting line (6) by using the potential difference pressure resulting from the height between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2).
In another embodiment of the present invention, if the LNG is requested as cold LNG, the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank (2) is conveyed to the saturation tank filling line (9). The cold LNG fuel conveyed to the saturation tank filling line (9) is conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4) via the LNG dispensing line (8) and the cold LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4) is transferred to the vehicle via the vehicle filling line (10).
In an alternative embodiment of the present invention, if the LNG is requested as saturated LNG, the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank (2) is conveyed to the evaporator (3) via the evaporator line (7). The LNG fuel, which has been heated in the evaporator (3) so as to be saturated, is conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4) via the LNG dispensing line (8). The saturated LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4) is transferred to the vehicle via the vehicle filling line (10).
In another embodiment of the present invention, the saturation tank filling line (9) is connected with the evaporator line (7) at one end and with the LNG dispensing line (8) at the other end. Thanks to the double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to the present invention, installation costs of the LNG filling stations are reduced and the fuel temperature requested by the end consumer is provided. In addition, with the invention, the boil-off gas problem in the storage tank is minimized, the pressure of the storage tank does not change and fuel losses are prevented.

Claims

1. A double-tank mobile LNG filling station, characterized by comprising: at least one storage tank (1) for storing LNG; at least one saturation tank (2) for storing cold LNG; at least one connecting line (6) configured to provide a fluid connection between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2), and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the storage tank (1) to the saturation tank (2); at least one gas phase balancing line (5) for balancing gas phase between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2); at least one LNG dispensing unit (4) configured to transfer LNG in the saturation tank (2) to a vehicle, in a saturated or cold state, for use as a fuel; at least one evaporator (3) configured to heat and saturate the cold LNG from the saturation tank (2); at least one evaporator line (7) configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator (3) and the saturation tank (2), and allowing cold LNG to be transferred from the saturation tank (2) to the evaporator (3); at least one LNG dispensing line (8) configured to provide a fluid connection between the evaporator (3) and the LNG dispensing unit (4), and allowing the LNG saturated in the evaporator (3) to be transferred to the LNG dispensing unit (4); at least one saturation tank filling line (9) configured to provide a fluid connection between the saturation tank (2) and the LNG dispensing unit (4), and allowing the cold LNG from the saturation tank (2) to be transferred to the LNG dispensing unit (4); at least one vehicle filling line (10) for transferring saturated or cold LNG at the LNG dispensing unit (4) to the vehicle.
2. A double-tank mobile LNG filling station according to claim 1 , characterized in that the saturation tank (2) is located below the storage tank (1).
3. A vehicle filling method for a double-tank mobile LNG filling station, characterized by comprising the steps of:
9 if LNG is requested as cold LNG,
• balancing a gas phase between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2) by means of the gas phase balancing line (5);
• after the gas phase is balanced, transferring LNG fuel from the storage tank (1) to the saturation tank (2) using a potential difference pressure resulting from the height between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2);
• conveying the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank (2) to the saturation tank filling line (9);
• conveying the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank filling line (9) to the LNG dispensing unit (4) via the LNG dispensing line (8);
• refueling the vehicle via the vehicle filling line (10) with the cold LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4); if LNG is requested as saturated LNG, balancing a gas phase between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2) by means of the gas phase balancing line (5); after the gas phase is balanced, transferring LNG fuel from the storage tank (1) to the saturation tank (2) using a potential difference pressure resulting from the height between the storage tank (1) and the saturation tank (2);
• conveying the cold LNG fuel in the saturation tank (2) to the evaporator (3) via the evaporator line (7);
• conveying the LNG fuel, which has been heated in the evaporator (3) so as to be saturated, to the LNG dispensing unit (4) via the LNG dispensing line (8);
• refueling the vehicle via the vehicle filling line (10) with the saturated LNG fuel conveyed to the LNG dispensing unit (4).
PCT/TR2022/051410 2021-12-06 2022-12-05 A double-tank mobile lng filling station and a filling method thereof WO2023107062A2 (en)

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TR2021/019192 TR2021019192A1 (en) 2021-12-06 A dual-tank portable LNG filling station and its filling method.

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US6044647A (en) * 1997-08-05 2000-04-04 Mve, Inc. Transfer system for cryogenic liquids
WO2010151107A1 (en) * 2009-06-25 2010-12-29 Ballast Nedam International Product Management B.V. Device and method for the delivery of lng
FR3049331B1 (en) * 2016-03-22 2018-09-14 Gaztransport Et Technigaz FUEL GAS SUPPLY INSTALLATION OF A GAS CONSUMER ORGAN AND LIQUEFACTION OF SUCH FUEL GAS

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