WO2023190302A1 - 空気調和機 - Google Patents
空気調和機 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023190302A1 WO2023190302A1 PCT/JP2023/012129 JP2023012129W WO2023190302A1 WO 2023190302 A1 WO2023190302 A1 WO 2023190302A1 JP 2023012129 W JP2023012129 W JP 2023012129W WO 2023190302 A1 WO2023190302 A1 WO 2023190302A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- heat storage
- heat exchanger
- compressor
- air conditioner
- Prior art date
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- 238000005338 heat storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 166
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims description 123
- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 91
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 59
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 35
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004590 computer program Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/86—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling compressors within refrigeration or heat pump circuits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/70—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
- F24F11/80—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
- F24F11/875—Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling heat-storage apparatus
Definitions
- the technology of the present disclosure relates to an air conditioner.
- a heat storage tank is installed in the refrigerant circuit to reduce the air conditioning capacity required during heating operation, and when the compressor rotation speed reaches a low rotation speed that is inefficient, the compressor rotation speed is increased and the compressor BACKGROUND ART
- a heat storage air conditioner is known that stores heat of a refrigerant (surplus heat) that becomes surplus due to an increase in the rotational speed in a heat storage tank (Patent Document 1).
- Such a heat storage type air conditioner uses stored heat, for example, for defrosting operation in which an outdoor heat exchanger is heated.
- the power consumed by increasing the rotation speed of the compressor is converted into heat and stored in order to improve the operating efficiency of the compressor, and the heat is used for defrosting operation, resulting in unnecessary power consumption. This can reduce energy consumption and improve energy efficiency.
- the disclosed technology has been made in view of this point, and aims to provide an air conditioner that suppresses a decrease in comfort while improving energy saving performance.
- An air conditioner includes: an outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger; an indoor unit having an indoor heat exchanger and heating a room using heat supplied from the outdoor unit; A room temperature sensor that detects indoor temperature, a heat storage circuit that has a heat storage section and stores heat generated by the outdoor unit in the heat storage section, and a control section, the control section detecting the room temperature sensor.
- the rotation speed of the compressor is controlled so that the value becomes a set temperature, and when the compressor is driven at the lowest rotation speed and the detected value of the room temperature sensor exceeds the set temperature, the heat storage circuit make it work.
- the disclosed air conditioner can suppress a decrease in comfort while improving energy savings.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an air conditioner according to a first embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the air conditioner of the first embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation for determining whether heat storage operation is necessary.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing an air conditioner according to the second embodiment.
- FIG. 1 is a circuit diagram showing an air conditioner 1 of Example 1.
- the air conditioner 1 includes an outdoor unit 2 and an indoor unit 3.
- the outdoor unit 2 is installed outdoors.
- the indoor unit 3 is installed in a room that is heated and cooled by the air conditioner 1.
- the air conditioner 1 further includes a refrigerant circuit 5 and a water circuit 6.
- the refrigerant circuit 5 is formed with a flow path through which refrigerant circulates.
- the water circuit 6 is formed with a flow path through which a heat medium (water in the following description) circulates as another refrigerant. Note that the heat medium circulating in the water circuit 6 may be antifreeze or the like.
- the refrigerant circuit 5 is arranged inside the outdoor unit 2.
- the refrigerant circuit 5 includes a compressor 11 , a four-way valve 12 , an outdoor heat exchanger 14 , an expansion valve 15 , and an intermediate heat exchanger 16 .
- the compressor 11 includes a suction pipe 17 and a discharge pipe 18.
- the compressor 11 compresses the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant supplied via the suction pipe 17 according to the compressor rotation speed, and the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant generated by compressing the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant is transferred to the discharge pipe 18. Discharge to.
- the four-way valve 12 includes a first connection port 121, a second connection port 122, a third connection port 123, and a fourth connection port 124.
- the first connection port 121 is connected to the compressor 11 via the suction pipe 17.
- the second connection port 122 is connected to the compressor 11 via the discharge pipe 18.
- the third connection port 123 is connected to the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the fourth connection port 124 is connected to the intermediate heat exchanger 16.
- the four-way valve 12 is switched to one of a cooling mode and a heating mode.
- the four-way valve 12 connects the second connection port 122 to the fourth connection port 124 and connects the third connection port 123 to the first connection port 121 when switched to the heating mode.
- the four-way valve 12 connects the second connection port 122 to the third connection port 123 and connects the fourth connection port 124 to the first connection port 121 when switched to the cooling mode.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is connected to the expansion valve 15.
- Intermediate heat exchanger 16 is connected to expansion valve 15 .
- the water circuit 6 includes a pump 21 and an indoor heat exchanger 22.
- the pump 21 is arranged inside the outdoor unit 2.
- Pump 21 is connected to intermediate heat exchanger 16 and to indoor heat exchanger 22 .
- the pump 21 supplies water supplied from the intermediate heat exchanger 16 to the indoor heat exchanger 22 and circulates the water in the water circuit 6.
- the indoor heat exchanger 22 is arranged inside the indoor unit 3.
- Indoor heat exchanger 22 is connected to intermediate heat exchanger 16.
- the air conditioner 1 further includes a heat storage circuit 31.
- the heat storage circuit 31 is arranged inside the outdoor unit 2.
- a heat storage channel 32 is formed in the heat storage circuit 31 .
- the heat storage circuit 31 includes a heat storage section 35 and a heat storage circuit valve 36.
- the heat storage section 35 is made of a substance having a higher specific heat than water.
- the heat storage section 35 stores water flowing through the heat storage flow path 32.
- the heat storage circuit valve 36 is opened so that the first flow path 33 and the second flow path 34 are connected, and the heat storage flow path 32 is opened so that the first flow path 33 and the second flow path 34 are not connected. or block it.
- FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment.
- the air conditioner 1 includes an outdoor fan 41, an indoor fan 42, and a control device 43.
- the outdoor fan 41 is arranged inside the outdoor unit 2.
- the outdoor fan 41 is controlled by the control device 43 and blows outside air so that the outside air exchanges heat with the outdoor heat exchanger 14 .
- the indoor fan 42 is arranged inside the indoor unit 3.
- the indoor fan 42 is controlled by the control device 43 so that the indoor heat exchanger 22 and indoor air exchange heat, and the indoor air that has exchanged heat with the indoor heat exchanger 22 is blown out from the indoor unit 3 into the room. It blows the air inside the room.
- the control device 43 is a computer and includes a storage device 44 and a CPU 45 (Central Processing Unit).
- the storage device 44 stores computer programs installed in the control device 43 and stores information used by the CPU 45.
- the CPU 45 processes information and controls the storage device 44 by executing a computer program installed in the control device 43 .
- the control device 43 controls the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12, the heat storage circuit valve 36, the outdoor fan 41, and the indoor fan 42.
- the storage device 44 stores a minimum rotation speed, a rotation speed threshold, and a threshold time.
- the minimum rotation speed indicates a value specific to the compressor 11, and the compressor 11 cannot be driven at a compressor rotation speed lower than the minimum rotation speed.
- the rotation speed threshold value indicates a value specific to the compressor 11, and is the minimum rotation speed within a range in which the operating efficiency of the compressor 11 is 80% or more.
- the efficiency when the compressor 11 compresses the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant at a rotation speed smaller than the rotation speed threshold is lower than the efficiency when the compressor 11 compresses the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant at the rotation speed equal to the rotation speed threshold.
- the rotation speed threshold is greater than the minimum rotation speed.
- the indoor unit 3 includes a room temperature sensor 37 that detects the indoor temperature.
- the operations performed by the air conditioner 1 include cooling operation, heating operation, heat storage operation, and defrosting operation.
- the cooling operation is performed, for example, when the air conditioner 1 is operated by a user.
- the control device 43 controls the four-way valve 12 and switches the mode of the four-way valve 12 to the cooling mode when the air conditioner 1 performs cooling operation.
- the control device 43 calculates the rotation speed of the compressor 11 based on the temperature difference between the set temperature set by the user and the room temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 37, and controls the compressor 11 so as to reach the calculated rotation speed.
- the low-pressure gas phase refrigerant supplied through the suction pipe 17 is compressed under control.
- the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 11, thereby changing its state to high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant.
- Compressor 11 discharges high-pressure gas phase refrigerant into discharge pipe 18 .
- the four-way valve 12 By switching the four-way valve 12 to the cooling mode, the high-pressure gas phase refrigerant discharged into the discharge pipe 18 is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the control device 43 controls the outdoor fan 41 and blows outside air so that the outside air exchanges heat with the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 exchanges heat between the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant supplied from the four-way valve 12 and outside air, cools the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant, and heats the outside air.
- the high-pressure gas phase refrigerant is cooled, its state changes to a supercooled high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant. That is, the outdoor heat exchanger 14 functions as a condenser when the air conditioner 1 performs cooling operation.
- the high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant flowing out from the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is supplied to the expansion valve 15 .
- the expansion valve 15 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor heat exchanger 14 to the intermediate heat exchanger 16, and reduces the pressure of the high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant supplied from the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant is depressurized, its state changes to a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant with high humidity.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing out from the expansion valve 15 is supplied to the intermediate heat exchanger 16 .
- the intermediate heat exchanger 16 exchanges heat between the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing out from the expansion valve 15 and the water circulating in the water circuit 6, cools the water, and converts the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant into heat up.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant changes state into a low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant by being heated by the intermediate heat exchanger 16 . That is, the intermediate heat exchanger 16 functions as an evaporator when the air conditioner 1 performs cooling operation.
- the low-pressure gas phase refrigerant flowing out from the intermediate heat exchanger 16 is supplied to the four-way valve 12 .
- the low-pressure gas phase refrigerant supplied to the four-way valve 12 is supplied to the compressor 11 via the suction pipe 17 because the four-way valve 12 is switched to the cooling mode.
- the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 36 and shuts off the heat storage flow path 32 so that water does not flow through the heat storage flow path 32. This is to prevent water in the heat storage section 35 from circulating in the water circuit 6 by opening the heat storage circuit valve 36.
- the heat capacity of the water circuit 6 increases, making it difficult for the temperature of the water flowing into the indoor heat exchanger 22 to drop.
- the pump 21 circulates water in the water circuit 6. As a result, the water cooled by the intermediate heat exchanger 16 is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 22.
- the indoor heat exchanger 22 heats the water and cools the indoor air by exchanging heat between the water supplied from the pump 21 and the indoor air in which the indoor unit 3 is installed.
- the heated water is supplied to the intermediate heat exchanger 16 by circulating through the water circuit 6 .
- the control device 43 controls the indoor fan 42 and controls the indoor air so that the indoor air exchanges heat with the indoor heat exchanger 22 and so that the air cooled by the indoor heat exchanger 22 is blown into the room. to blow air. That is, the indoor unit 3 cools the room by the indoor heat exchanger 22 cooling the indoor air.
- the heating operation is performed, for example, when the air conditioner 1 is operated by a user.
- the control device 43 switches the four-way valve 12 to heating mode when the air conditioner 1 performs heating operation.
- the control device 43 calculates the rotation speed of the compressor 11 based on the temperature difference between the set temperature set by the user and the room temperature in the room, and controls the compressor 11 to achieve the calculated rotation speed.
- the low pressure gas phase refrigerant supplied via the suction pipe 17 is compressed.
- the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 11, thereby changing its state to high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant.
- Compressor 11 discharges high-pressure gas phase refrigerant into discharge pipe 18 .
- the intermediate heat exchanger 16 exchanges heat between the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant flowing out from the four-way valve 12 and the water circulating in the water circuit 6, heating the water, and cooling the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant.
- the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant is cooled by the intermediate heat exchanger 16, thereby changing its state into a supercooled high-pressure liquid-phase refrigerant. That is, the intermediate heat exchanger 16 functions as a condenser when the air conditioner 1 performs heating operation.
- the high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant flowing out from the intermediate heat exchanger 16 is supplied to the expansion valve 15 .
- the expansion valve 15 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing from the intermediate heat exchanger 16 to the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and reduces the pressure of the high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant supplied from the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant is depressurized, its state changes to a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant with high humidity.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant flowing out from the expansion valve 15 is supplied to the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the control device 43 controls the outdoor fan 41 and blows outside air so that the outside air exchanges heat with the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 exchanges heat between the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant supplied from the expansion valve 15 and outside air, heats the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant, and cools the outside air.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 functions as a condenser when the air conditioner 1 performs heating operation.
- the low-pressure gas phase refrigerant flowing out from the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is supplied to the four-way valve 12.
- the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant flowing out from the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is supplied to the suction pipe 17, and the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant is supplied to the compressor 11 via the suction pipe 17. be done.
- the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 36 and shuts off the heat storage flow path 32 so that water does not flow through the heat storage flow path 32. This is to prevent water in the heat storage section 35 from circulating in the water circuit 6 by opening the heat storage circuit valve 36.
- the heat capacity of the water circuit 6 increases, making it difficult for the temperature of the water flowing into the indoor heat exchanger 22 to rise.
- the pump 21 circulates water in the water circuit 6. As a result, the water heated by the intermediate heat exchanger 16 is supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 22.
- the indoor heat exchanger 22 cools the water and heats the indoor air by exchanging heat between the water supplied from the pump 21 and the indoor air in which the indoor unit 3 is installed.
- the heated water is supplied to the intermediate heat exchanger 16 by circulating through the water circuit 6 .
- the control device 43 controls the indoor fan 42 and controls the indoor air so that the indoor air exchanges heat with the indoor heat exchanger 22 and so that the air heated by the indoor heat exchanger 22 is blown into the room. to blow air. That is, the indoor unit 3 heats the room by heating the indoor air with the heat supplied from the outdoor unit 2.
- the heat storage circuit 31 does not store the heat of the water in the heat storage section 35 because water does not flow through the heat storage channel 32 when the air conditioner 1 performs heating operation. In the air conditioner 1, since the heat storage circuit 31 does not store heat, power is not consumed excessively to store heat when heating operation is performed, and power consumption can be reduced.
- FIG. 3 is a flowchart showing an operation for determining whether heat storage operation is possible.
- the storage device 44 is configured to intermittently request rotation of the compressor 11 according to the temperature difference between the set temperature set by the user and the room temperature in the room while the heating operation is being performed. number (required rotation speed in the following explanation) is stored.
- the required rotation speed is an increase/decrease value of the rotation speed required of the compressor 11, which is set in advance according to the temperature difference, and increases as the temperature difference increases.
- the control device 43 determines whether the room temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 37 is lower than or equal to the set temperature.
- step S1 it is determined whether the room temperature detected by the room temperature sensor 37 is lower than the set temperature + ⁇ °C (a positive value, for example, 0.5°C) (step S1).
- ⁇ is set to a smaller value (for example, any value greater than or equal to 0.1°C and less than 1.5°C) compared to the thermo-off condition (for example, 1.5°C) under which the compressor 11 is stopped.
- Thermo-off is a state in which heating operation is stopped until the room temperature becomes lower than the set temperature again.
- Step S1 When the room temperature is less than the set temperature + ⁇ °C (Step S1, Yes), the control device 43 maintains control of the compressor 11 that compresses the low-pressure gas phase refrigerant according to the required rotation speed.
- the control device 43 determines whether the rotation speed of the compressor 11 is less than the rotation speed threshold recorded in the storage device 44 when the room temperature is less than the set temperature + ⁇ ° C. (step S2).
- the control device 43 repeatedly executes the processes of steps S1 and S2.
- the rotation speed threshold value indicates a value specific to the compressor 11, and is the minimum rotation speed within a range in which the operating efficiency of the compressor 11 is 80% or more.
- the efficiency when the compressor 11 compresses the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant at a rotation speed smaller than the rotation speed threshold is lower than the efficiency when the compressor 11 compresses the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant at the rotation speed equal to the rotation speed threshold.
- the rotation speed threshold is greater than the minimum rotation speed.
- the indoor unit 3 includes a room temperature sensor 37 that detects the indoor temperature.
- step S2 When the rotation speed of the compressor 11 is less than the rotation speed threshold (step S2, Yes), the control device 43 determines that the remaining time until the scheduled start time of the defrosting operation is the threshold time recorded in the storage device 44. (for example, 5 minutes) or not (step S3).
- the scheduled start time of the defrosting operation indicates a time when a predetermined time period has elapsed from the time when the heating operation under predetermined conditions was started.
- step S3, No the control device 43 controls the compressor 11 to compress the low-pressure gas phase refrigerant according to the required rotation speed, and performs the processing in steps S1 to S3. Execute repeatedly.
- the control device 43 controls the compressor 11 when the rotation speed of the compressor 11 is less than the rotation speed threshold (Step S2, Yes) and when the remaining time is less than the threshold time (Step S3, Yes). control to increase the rotation speed of the compressor 11 to a rotation speed threshold or higher (step S4).
- step S5 After increasing the rotation speed of the compressor 11 or when the room temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature + ⁇ ° C. (step S1, No), the control device 43 performs a heat storage operation to operate the heat storage circuit 31 (step S5). That is, the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 36 and opens the heat storage circuit valve 36 so that water flows through the heat storage flow path 32.
- the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 36 and opens the heat storage circuit valve 36 so that water flows through the heat storage flow path 32.
- the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 36 and opens the heat storage circuit valve 36 so that water flows through the heat storage flow path 32.
- the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 36 and opens the heat storage circuit valve 36 so that water flows through the heat storage flow path 32.
- the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 36 and opens the heat storage circuit valve 36 so that water flows through the heat storage flow path 32.
- the heat storage operation is not executed until the remaining time until the defrosting operation is started becomes less than the threshold time, so that frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is prevented by executing the heat storage operation. It is possible to prevent this from being promoted.
- surplus power is converted into heat and stored, and the heat is used for defrosting operation, reducing wasteful power consumption and improving energy efficiency.
- the air conditioner 1 causes the compressor 11 to compress the refrigerant at a rotation speed equal to or higher than the rotation speed threshold, thereby driving the compressor 11 at a rotation speed with good operational efficiency. Thermal storage operation can be performed in this state.
- the air conditioner 1 can store surplus heat in the heat storage circuit 31 by executing the heat storage operation when the room temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature + ⁇ ° C., and can use it for the defrosting operation.
- the defrosting operation is performed after the heating operation under predetermined conditions is continuously performed for a predetermined time or more.
- the control device 43 controls the four-way valve 12 and switches the mode of the four-way valve 12 to the cooling mode when the air conditioner 1 performs the defrosting operation.
- the control device 43 controls the compressor 11 to compress the low-pressure gas phase refrigerant supplied via the suction pipe 17 at a predetermined rotation speed.
- the low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant is compressed by the compressor 11, thereby changing its state to high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant.
- Compressor 11 discharges high-pressure gas phase refrigerant into discharge pipe 18 .
- the four-way valve 12 supplies the high-pressure gas phase refrigerant discharged into the discharge pipe 18 to the outdoor heat exchanger 14 by being switched to the cooling mode.
- the control device 43 controls the outdoor fan 41 and stops the outdoor fan 41 so that outside air is not blown.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 exchanges heat between the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant supplied from the four-way valve 12 and the frost that has formed on the outdoor heat exchanger 14, cools the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant, and supplies the high-pressure gas-phase refrigerant to the outdoor heat exchanger 14. Heat the frost that has formed.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 functions as a condenser when the air conditioner 1 performs a defrosting operation.
- the heated frost melts off from the outdoor heat exchanger 14, and the air conditioner 1 can defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 14 by executing the defrosting operation.
- Outdoor heat exchanger 14 further supplies high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant to expansion valve 15 .
- the expansion valve 15 adjusts the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing from the outdoor heat exchanger 14 to the intermediate heat exchanger 16, and expands the high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant supplied from the outdoor heat exchanger 14. When the high-pressure liquid phase refrigerant expands, its state changes to a low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant with high humidity. The expansion valve 15 further supplies the low pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant to the intermediate heat exchanger 16 .
- the intermediate heat exchanger 16 exchanges heat between the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant supplied from the expansion valve 15 and the water circulating in the water circuit 6, cools the water, and heats the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
- the low-pressure gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant changes state into a low-pressure gas-phase refrigerant by being heated by the intermediate heat exchanger 16 . That is, the intermediate heat exchanger 16 functions as an evaporator when the air conditioner 1 performs a defrosting operation.
- Intermediate heat exchanger 16 further supplies low-pressure gas phase refrigerant to four-way valve 12 . By being switched to the cooling mode, the four-way valve 12 supplies the low-pressure gas phase refrigerant supplied from the intermediate heat exchanger 16 to the compressor 11 via the suction pipe 17.
- the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 36 and opens the heat storage circuit valve 36 so that water flows through the heat storage flow path 32.
- the pump 21 supplies the water supplied from the intermediate heat exchanger 16 to the indoor heat exchanger 22 and the heat storage circuit 31, and circulates the water to the water circuit 6.
- the indoor heat exchanger 22 heats the water and cools the indoor heat exchanger 22 by exchanging heat between the water supplied from the pump 21 and the indoor heat exchanger 22 .
- the control device 43 controls the indoor fan 42 and stops the indoor fan 42 so that air does not blow out from the indoor unit 3 into the room.
- the air conditioner 1 can prevent the indoor air from being cooled by the indoor heat exchanger 22 because the indoor fan 42 is stopped when the air conditioner 1 executes the defrosting operation. This makes it possible to suppress a decrease in comfort.
- the heat storage circuit 31 When the heat storage circuit valve 36 is open, the heat storage circuit 31 causes the heat storage section 35 to exchange heat with the water supplied from the pump 21, cools the heat storage section 35, and heats the water. That is, the heat storage circuit 31 heats water using the heat stored in the heat storage section 35 when the defrosting operation is performed.
- the water heated by the indoor heat exchanger 22 or the heat storage circuit 31 is supplied to the intermediate heat exchanger 16 by the pump 21 circulating the water through the water circuit 6.
- the air conditioner 1 can heat the outdoor heat exchanger 14 using the heat stored in the heat storage section 35 when the defrosting operation is performed, and the air conditioner 1 can heat the outdoor heat exchanger 14 using the heat stored in the heat storage section 35.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be defrosted using the following.
- the air conditioner 1 can reduce the amount of heat obtained from indoor air for heating the outdoor heat exchanger 14 by heating the outdoor heat exchanger 14 using the heat stored in the heat storage section 35. Therefore, the outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be heated without excessively cooling the indoor heat exchanger 22, and a decrease in comfort during defrosting operation can be suppressed so as not to excessively cool the room. can.
- the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment includes a compressor 11, an indoor unit 3, a control device 43, and a heat storage circuit 31.
- Compressor 11 circulates refrigerant through refrigerant circuit 5 .
- the indoor unit 3 heats the room using the heat of the refrigerant supplied to the indoor heat exchanger 22.
- the heat storage circuit 31 heats the heat storage section 35 using the heat of the refrigerant when the compressor 11 is driven at the lowest rotation speed and the room temperature exceeds the set temperature (set temperature + ⁇ ° C. or higher).
- the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment when the compressor 11 is driven at the lowest rotational speed and the room temperature exceeds the set temperature (set temperature + ⁇ °C or higher), the generated heat is stored in the heat storage unit 35. By doing so, it is possible to prevent a decrease in comfort from heating the room excessively.
- the air conditioner 1 can reduce power consumption by effectively utilizing the heat stored in the heat storage section 35.
- the heat storage circuit 31 of the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment further uses the heat of the heat storage section 35 when a defrosting operation is performed in which a heat exchanger in which outside air and a refrigerant exchange heat is heated. to heat the refrigerant.
- the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment can suppress a decrease in the room temperature during the defrosting operation by using the heat stored in the heat storage section 35 for the defrosting operation.
- control device 43 of the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment causes the compressor rotation speed to reach the required rotation speed when the remaining time until the defrosting operation is started is equal to or longer than a predetermined threshold time.
- the compressor 11 is controlled so that they are equal.
- the control device 43 controls the compressor 11 so that the compressor rotation speed becomes higher than the current rotation speed, and heats the heat storage unit 35 using the heat of the refrigerant. .
- the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment promotes frost formation on the outdoor heat exchanger 14 by not increasing the compressor rotation speed when the remaining time until the start of the defrosting operation is equal to or longer than the threshold time.
- the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment operates the compressor at a high rotation speed for a long time by increasing the compressor rotation speed higher than the current rotation speed when the remaining time until the start of defrosting operation is less than the threshold time. It is possible to store a large amount of heat before the defrosting operation while suppressing an increase in the amount of frost caused by the operation, and it is possible to appropriately defrost the outdoor heat exchanger 14.
- the heat storage circuit 31 of the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment performs heating operation without heating the heat storage section 35 using the heat of the refrigerant when the current rotation speed of the compressor 11 is equal to or higher than the rotation speed threshold.
- the heat storage circuit 31 controls the compressor 11 so that the compressor rotation speed becomes equal to or higher than the rotation speed threshold when the current rotation speed of the compressor 11 is less than the rotation speed threshold, and uses the heat of the refrigerant.
- the heat storage section 35 is heated.
- the compressor 11 can operate with good operating efficiency when the refrigerant is compressed according to the compressor rotation speed that is equal to or higher than the rotation speed threshold.
- the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment when the rotation speed of the compressor 11 is below the rotation speed threshold, that is, when the compressor rotation speed is not increased when the operating efficiency is high, and when the operating efficiency is low, the air conditioner 1 is operated with low operating efficiency. Then, the compressor rotational speed is increased to a rotational speed threshold value or higher and heat storage operation is executed.
- the heat storage unit 35 of the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment described above stores heat by exchanging heat with the water flowing through the heat storage flow path 32, but even if it is replaced with a hot water storage tank that stores water. good.
- the hot water storage tank stores water and replaces the water supplied from the pump 21 with the stored water when the heat storage circuit valve 36 is open. That is, the hot water storage tank can store the heat of the water by storing heated high-temperature water when the heat storage circuit valve 36 is open.
- the hot water storage tank can utilize the stored heat for heating by supplying the stored high temperature water to the intermediate heat exchanger 16 when the heat storage circuit valve 36 is open. Even when such a hot water storage tank is used, the air conditioner 1, like the air conditioner 1 of the above-mentioned embodiment 1, reduces power consumption and improves energy saving, but does not reduce comfort. can be suppressed.
- the heat storage circuit 31 of the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment described above uses the heat storage circuit valve 36 to allow water to flow through the heat storage flow path 32 or to prevent water from flowing through the heat storage flow path 32.
- it may further include an on-off valve.
- the on-off valve is controlled by the control device 43 to allow water to flow through the indoor heat exchanger 22 when cooling operation, heating operation, or heat storage operation is performed.
- the on-off valve is controlled by the control device 43 to prevent water from flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 22 when the defrosting operation is performed. Even when such an on-off valve is used, the air conditioner 1, like the air conditioner 1 of Example 1 described above, reduces power consumption and improves energy saving, but does not reduce comfort. can be suppressed.
- FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram showing the air conditioner of Example 2.
- the water circuit 6 of the air conditioner 1 of Example 1 described above is omitted, and the refrigerant circuit 5 is replaced with another refrigerant circuit 61.
- the intermediate heat exchanger 16 of the refrigerant circuit 5 of the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment described above is replaced with an indoor heat exchanger 62, and the other parts are the same as the refrigerant circuit 5 described above. be.
- the indoor heat exchanger 62 is arranged inside the indoor unit 3.
- the indoor fan 42 circulates indoor air so that the indoor air exchanges heat with the indoor heat exchanger 62, and so that the indoor air that has undergone heat exchange with the indoor heat exchanger 62 is blown out from the indoor unit 3 into the room. Blow air.
- the air conditioner of Example 2 further includes a heat storage circuit 63.
- the heat storage circuit 63 is arranged inside the outdoor unit 2.
- a heat storage channel 64 is formed in the heat storage circuit 63 .
- the first flow path 65 between the pump 21 and the indoor heat exchanger 22 in the refrigerant circuit 61 is connected to the first flow path 65 between the indoor heat exchanger 22 and the intermediate heat exchanger 16 via the heat storage flow path 64. 2 flow path 66 .
- the heat storage circuit 63 includes a heat storage section 67 and a heat storage circuit valve 68.
- the heat storage section 67 is made of a substance having a higher specific heat than water.
- the heat storage section 67 exchanges heat with the water flowing through the heat storage channel 64.
- the heat storage circuit valve 68 is opened so that the first flow path 65 and the second flow path 66 are connected, and the heat storage flow path 64 is opened so that the first flow path 65 and the second flow path 66 are not connected. or block it.
- the control device 43 controls the compressor 11, the four-way valve 12, the outdoor fan 41, and the indoor fan 42 similarly to the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment described above, and controls the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment described above.
- the heat storage circuit valve 68 is controlled. That is, when the air conditioner performs cooling operation or heating operation, the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 68 to shut off the heat storage flow path 64 so that water does not flow through the heat storage flow path 32. do.
- the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 68 and opens the heat storage flow path 64 so that water flows through the heat storage flow path 32. Since the air conditioner does not perform the heat storage operation until the remaining time until the defrosting operation is started becomes less than the threshold time, the heat storage operation is performed in the same manner as the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment described above. By doing so, it is possible to suppress the formation of frost on the outdoor heat exchanger 14. In addition, surplus power is converted into heat and stored, and the heat is used for defrosting operation, reducing wasteful power consumption and improving energy efficiency. Furthermore, when the air conditioner performs the heat storage operation, the compressor 11 compresses the refrigerant at a rotation speed equal to or higher than the rotation speed threshold.
- Heat storage operation can be performed with the compressor 11 being driven at a rotational speed with good operating efficiency.
- the air conditioner performs heat storage operation when the room temperature is equal to or higher than the set temperature + ⁇ °C, and stores surplus heat in the heat storage circuit 31 similarly to the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment described above. It can be used for defrosting operation.
- the control device 43 controls the heat storage circuit valve 68 and opens the heat storage flow path 64 so that water flows through the heat storage flow path 32.
- the air conditioner heats the outdoor heat exchanger 14 using the heat stored in the heat storage section 67, similar to the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment described above.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be defrosted using the heat stored in the heat storage section 67.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 is heated using the heat stored in the heat storage section 67, so that the indoor heat exchanger 22 is heated in excess, similarly to the air conditioner 1 of the first embodiment described above.
- the outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be appropriately defrosted without being cooled down.
- the possibility of the refrigerant leaking into the room can be reduced compared to the air conditioner of the second embodiment.
- the heat storage circuit 63 of the air conditioner of the second embodiment described above uses the heat storage circuit valve 68 to allow the refrigerant to flow through the heat storage flow path 64 or to prevent the refrigerant from flowing through the heat storage flow path 64.
- it may further include an on-off valve.
- the on-off valve is controlled by the control device 43 to allow the refrigerant to flow through the indoor heat exchanger 22 when cooling operation, heating operation, or heat storage operation is performed.
- the on-off valve is controlled by the control device 43 to prevent refrigerant from flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 22 when the defrosting operation is performed. Even when such an on-off valve is used, the air conditioner can reduce power consumption while suppressing a decrease in comfort, similar to the air conditioner of the second embodiment described above.
- the embodiments have been described above, the embodiments are not limited to the above-mentioned contents. Furthermore, the above-mentioned components include those that can be easily assumed by those skilled in the art, those that are substantially the same, and those that are in a so-called equivalent range. Furthermore, the aforementioned components can be combined as appropriate. Furthermore, at least one of various omissions, substitutions, and modifications of the components can be made without departing from the gist of the embodiments.
- Air conditioner 2 Outdoor unit 3: Indoor unit 5: Refrigerant circuit 6: Water circuit 11: Compressor 12: Four-way valve 14: Outdoor heat exchanger 15: Expansion valve 16: Intermediate heat exchanger 21: Pump 22: Indoor heat exchanger 31: Heat storage circuit 32: Heat storage channel 35: Heat storage section 36: Heat storage circuit valve 43: Control device 61: Refrigerant circuit 62: Indoor heat exchanger 63: Heat storage circuit 67: Heat storage section 68: Heat storage circuit valve
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Abstract
Description
[冷房運転]
冷房運転は、たとえば、空気調和機1がユーザにより操作されたときに実行される。制御装置43は、空気調和機1が冷房運転を実行するときに、四方弁12を制御し、四方弁12のモードを冷房モードに切り替える。制御装置43は、ユーザにより設定された設定温度と、室温センサ37が検出した室温との温度差に基づいて圧縮機11の回転数を算出し、算出した回転数となるように圧縮機11を制御して、吸入管17を介して供給された低圧気相冷媒を圧縮する。低圧気相冷媒は、圧縮機11により圧縮されることにより、高圧気相冷媒に状態変化する。圧縮機11は、高圧気相冷媒を吐出管18に吐出する。四方弁12が冷房モードに切り替えられていることにより、吐出管18に吐出された高圧気相冷媒は室外熱交換器14に供給される。
暖房運転は、たとえば、空気調和機1がユーザにより操作されたときに実行される。制御装置43は、空気調和機1が暖房運転を実行するときに、四方弁12を暖房モードに切り替える。制御装置43は、ユーザにより設定された設定温度と、室内の室温との温度差に基づいて圧縮機11の回転数を算出し、算出した回転数となるように圧縮機11を制御して、吸入管17を介して供給された低圧気相冷媒を圧縮する。低圧気相冷媒は、圧縮機11により圧縮されることにより、高圧気相冷媒に状態変化する。圧縮機11は、高圧気相冷媒を吐出管18に吐出する。四方弁12が暖房モードに切り替えられていることにより、吐出管18に吐出された高圧気相冷媒は中間熱交換器16に供給される。
蓄熱運転は、暖房運転が実行されている最中で、かつ、制御装置43により蓄熱運転が可能であると判定されたときに、実行される。図3は、蓄熱運転が可能であるか否かを判定する動作を示すフローチャートである。記憶装置44は、暖房運転が実行されている最中に、間欠的に、ユーザにより設定された設定温度と、室内の室温との温度差に応じて予め設定された圧縮機11へ要求する回転数(以下の説明では要求回転数)が記憶されている。要求回転数は、温度差に応じて予め設定された圧縮機11へ要求する回転数の増減値であって、温度差が大きいほど大きい。制御装置43は、室温センサ37が検出した室温が設定温度以下であるか否かを判定する。具体的には、室温センサ37が検出した室温が設定温度+α℃(正の値例えば0.5℃)未満であるか否かを判定する(ステップS1)。αは圧縮機11が停止するサーモオフ条件(例えば1.5℃)と比較して小さい値(例えば0.1℃以上、1.5℃未満の任意の値)が設定される。サーモオフとは、再び室温が設定温度より低い温度になるまで暖房運転を中止する状態である。
除霜運転は、予め定められた所定条件の暖房運転が、予め定められた所定時間以上に連続して実行された後に、実行される。制御装置43は、空気調和機1が除霜運転を実行するときに、四方弁12を制御し、四方弁12のモードを冷房モードに切り替える。制御装置43は、圧縮機11を制御し、吸入管17を介して供給された低圧気相冷媒を所定の回転数で圧縮する。低圧気相冷媒は、圧縮機11により圧縮されることにより、高圧気相冷媒に状態変化する。圧縮機11は、高圧気相冷媒を吐出管18に吐出する。四方弁12は、冷房モードに切り替えられていることにより、吐出管18に吐出された高圧気相冷媒を室外熱交換器14に供給する。
実施例1の空気調和機1は、圧縮機11と室内機3と制御装置43と蓄熱回路31とを備えている。圧縮機11は、冷媒回路5に冷媒を循環させる。室内機3は、室内熱交換器22に供給される冷媒の熱を用いて室内を暖房する。蓄熱回路31は、圧縮機11が最低回転数で駆動し、且つ、室温が設定温度を超えた(設定温度+α℃以上)ときに冷媒の熱を用いて蓄熱部35を加熱する。
2 :室外機
3 :室内機
5 :冷媒回路
6 :水回路
11:圧縮機
12:四方弁
14:室外熱交換器
15:膨張弁
16:中間熱交換器
21:ポンプ
22:室内熱交換器
31:蓄熱回路
32:蓄熱用流路
35:蓄熱部
36:蓄熱回路弁
43:制御装置
61:冷媒回路
62:室内熱交換器
63:蓄熱回路
67:蓄熱部
68:蓄熱回路弁
Claims (6)
- 圧縮機と室外熱交換器を有する室外機と、
室内熱交換器を有し、室外機から供給された熱を用いて室内を暖房する室内機と、
前記室内の温度を検出する室温センサと、
蓄熱部を有し、前記室外機で生成した熱を前記蓄熱部に蓄熱する蓄熱回路と、
制御部と、を備え、
前記制御部は、
前記室温センサの検出値が設定温度となるように前記圧縮機を制御し、
前記圧縮機が最低回転数で駆動し、且つ、前記室温センサの検出値が前記設定温度を超えているときに前記蓄熱回路を動作させる
空気調和機。 - 前記蓄熱回路は、さらに、前記室外熱交換器が加熱される除霜運転が実行される時に、前記蓄熱部の熱を用いて前記室外熱交換器を流れる冷媒を加熱する
請求項1に記載の空気調和機。 - 前記制御部は、前記除霜運転が開始予定時刻までの残り時間が、予め定められた閾時間より短いときに、前記圧縮機の回転数が現在の回転数より大きくなるように、前記圧縮機を制御し、且つ、
前記蓄熱回路は、前記冷媒の熱を用いて前記蓄熱部を加熱する
請求項2に記載の空気調和機。 - 前記蓄熱回路は、
前記圧縮機の現在の回転数が回転数閾値より小さいときに、前記圧縮機の回転数が前記回転数閾値以上となるように、前記圧縮機を制御し、前記室外熱交換器を流れる冷媒の熱を用いて前記蓄熱部を加熱する
請求項1に記載の空気調和機。 - 前記室外熱交換器を流れる冷媒と異なる他の冷媒が循環する他の回路と、
前記冷媒の熱を用いて前記他の冷媒を加熱する中間熱交換器とをさらに備え、
前記室内機は、前記他の冷媒の熱を用いて前記室内を暖房し、
前記蓄熱回路は、前記他の冷媒の熱を用いて前記蓄熱部を加熱する
請求項1に記載の空気調和機。 - 前記蓄熱回路は、前記室外熱交換器が加熱される除霜運転が実行されるときに、前記蓄熱部の熱を用いて前記他の冷媒を加熱し、前記他の冷媒の熱を用いて前記冷媒を加熱する
請求項5に記載の空気調和機。
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Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH04194539A (ja) * | 1990-11-28 | 1992-07-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 空気調和機 |
JP2016125808A (ja) | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 蓄熱式空気調和機 |
JP2019045106A (ja) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-22 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 空気調和機 |
JP2021055931A (ja) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | ヒートポンプサイクル装置 |
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- 2023-03-27 CN CN202380028935.8A patent/CN118922672A/zh active Pending
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Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH04194539A (ja) * | 1990-11-28 | 1992-07-14 | Hitachi Ltd | 空気調和機 |
JP2016125808A (ja) | 2014-12-26 | 2016-07-11 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | 蓄熱式空気調和機 |
JP2019045106A (ja) * | 2017-09-06 | 2019-03-22 | パナソニックIpマネジメント株式会社 | 空気調和機 |
JP2021055931A (ja) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | 株式会社富士通ゼネラル | ヒートポンプサイクル装置 |
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