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WO2023174474A1 - Method for starting an internal combustion engine of a hybrid vehicle, computer-readable storage medium, and hybrid vehicle powertrain - Google Patents

Method for starting an internal combustion engine of a hybrid vehicle, computer-readable storage medium, and hybrid vehicle powertrain Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023174474A1
WO2023174474A1 PCT/DE2023/100150 DE2023100150W WO2023174474A1 WO 2023174474 A1 WO2023174474 A1 WO 2023174474A1 DE 2023100150 W DE2023100150 W DE 2023100150W WO 2023174474 A1 WO2023174474 A1 WO 2023174474A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
combustion engine
internal combustion
electric machine
torque
hybrid vehicle
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/DE2023/100150
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Marian Preisner
Christian Weber
Raphael Künzig
Ulrich Neuberth
Original Assignee
Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG filed Critical Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG
Priority to CN202380026676.5A priority Critical patent/CN118922326A/en
Publication of WO2023174474A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023174474A1/en

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
    • B60K6/44—Series-parallel type
    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387—Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/06—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of combustion engines
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W10/00—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function
    • B60W10/04—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units
    • B60W10/08—Conjoint control of vehicle sub-units of different type or different function including control of propulsion units including control of electric propulsion units, e.g. motors or generators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/20—Control strategies involving selection of hybrid configuration, e.g. selection between series or parallel configuration
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2710/0644—Engine speed
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W2710/00—Output or target parameters relating to a particular sub-units
    • B60W2710/06—Combustion engines, Gas turbines
    • B60W2710/0644—Engine speed
    • B60W2710/0661—Speed change rate
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/62—Hybrid vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for starting an internal combustion engine of a hybrid vehicle with a drive train, comprising the internal combustion engine, with a first electric machine assigned to it, which is prepared for motor and generator operation and an electric drive machine / second electric machine that can be connected, for example, via a clutch.
  • the invention is therefore in the field of vehicles with hybrid powertrains.
  • This includes motor vehicles such as cars, trucks or other commercial vehicles.
  • Such hybrid drive trains/hybrid drive trains have an electric machine, which can generally generate the drive torque, as well as a further mechanically coupled part, for example via a friction clutch, comprising an internal combustion engine and a further electric machine, as well as a (high-voltage) battery and power/control electronics. An exchange of energy can take place between the electrical components.
  • a drive train in trans-axle design for a hybrid vehicle is presented, with a main transmission, with an internal combustion engine, the output shaft of which has a first end with a first outlet and a second end opposite the first end with a second outlet, via which the Main transmission and via this first wheels of a first axle can be driven by the internal combustion engine, further comprising an electric machine by means of which second wheels of a second axle can be driven, and with at least two clutch devices that can be switched between an open state and a closed state, a first the clutch devices are arranged in a first torque flow from the electric machine to the first outlet between this and the electric machine, and wherein the second clutch device is arranged in a second torque flow from the electric Machine is arranged on the second axis between this and the electrical machine.
  • the internal combustion engine is started to support the drive when the clutch is closed, which then corresponds to the parallel mode.
  • the internal combustion engine is started to charge the battery. This corresponds to the serial mode in which the first electric machine/first electric machine/e-machine 1 is operated as a generator.
  • the second challenge concerns the fact that when the internal combustion engine starts, the first electric machine draws its power from the battery. This power is then of course no longer available to the second electric machine/(electric) drive machine/electric drive machine driving the vehicle, which is particularly critical in driving situations with high performance requirements from the driver.
  • the invention now takes the approach of conveniently starting the internal combustion engine through coordinated and gentle control of the first electric machine/e-machine 1 and the internal combustion engine during the play change in the transmission.
  • step 1 the focus is on: initiating/triggering/initiating the starting of the internal combustion engine (only if) a maximum battery power minus the target power for the electric drive machine/second electric machine corresponds to the power that the first electric machine needs to start the Internal combustion engine required.
  • step 2 the focus is on: Accelerating the internal combustion engine using the first electric machine to a (minimum) speed / minimum speed / maximum speed at which independent operation of the internal combustion engine is possible (for example 800 rpm) while enabling the ignition of the Internal combustion engine.
  • a (minimum) speed / minimum speed / maximum speed at which independent operation of the internal combustion engine is possible for example 800 rpm
  • step 3 the focus is on: Controlledly causing the internal combustion engine to transition from overrun operation to traction operation by reducing the torque of the first electric machine and/or increasing the torque of the internal combustion engine.
  • step 4 the focus is on lowering or keeping it lowered (for example to 0 Nm) until (shortly) before reaching a target speed or until the target speed is reached.
  • step 5 the focus is on: reducing / slowing down an acceleration / increasing / increasing the engine speed of the internal combustion engine, by reducing the torque of the first electric machine so that the engine speed of the internal combustion engine reaches its target value.
  • step 6 the focus is on retrieving the target power of the first electric machine.
  • the start of the internal combustion engine/engine is initiated when the remaining battery power (maximum battery power "P_BattMax” minus the estimated target power for the electric machine 2) corresponds to the power that the first electric machine requires to start the combustion engine ("P1 ")
  • the estimated target power for the second electric machine is determined from the current gradient of the power of the second electric machine and the time that the first electric machine needs to bring the internal combustion engine to a speed at which ignition is released (end Phase "2").
  • the internal combustion engine is brought to a speed at which independent operation of the internal combustion engine is possible (e.g. 800 rpm).
  • the torque level of the first electric machine and the gradient are freely configurable.
  • the combustion engine is given permission to ignite and a target torque is specified ("tq_eng"). Since the torque of the internal combustion engine is built up suddenly when starting, it should not be greater than the torque of the first electric machine in order not to cause a change in the gear ratio or damper systems (DFMS) between the internal combustion engine and the electric machine. The internal combustion engine is therefore still driven by the electric motor (combustion engine in overdrive).
  • DFMS gear ratio or damper systems
  • phase 3 a change in play (thrust after pull) is brought about in a controlled manner in the translation or damper system between the internal combustion engine and the first electric machine by reducing the torque of the first electric machine.
  • the moment can be Internal combustion engine can be lowered and / or the reduction of the electric machine torque must be less pronounced in order to ensure that the gradients of the two moments are very similar. This means that the impact in the gearbox or damper system after the free flight in the game is very small and noise development is avoided. After the game has been completed, the moment gradients can be increased again in order to achieve the target moments within a reasonable period of time.
  • phase 5 After the torque of the first electric machine has been completely reduced (end of phase 3), it remains at this level (0 Nm in phase 4) until shortly before the target speed is reached. Then, in phase 5, the acceleration of the engine speed is reduced by reducing the torque of the first electric machine and the engine speed reaches its target value.
  • phase 6 the first electric machine delivers its target power.
  • step 2 the torque level of the first electric machine and/or its gradient-free or (completely) freely configurable.
  • step 2 it is desirable if in step 2 the target torque level is kept smaller than an actual torque of the first electric machine.
  • An advantageous embodiment is also characterized in that in step 3, when the torque of the internal combustion engine and the first one are equal Electric machine, the torque of the internal combustion engine is reduced and / or the torque of the first electric machine becomes less pronounced in order to align / unify the gradients of the two torques or to make them exactly the same.
  • This embodiment can be further developed if the increase is caused in relation to the time that is predetermined to achieve a target torque or is calculated from certain pre-entered/predetermined or operation-dependent parameters.
  • the invention also relates to a computer-readable storage medium arranged and prepared to carry out control and/or regulation steps for enforcing the method as shown and claimed according to the invention.
  • the invention also relates to a hybrid vehicle drive train with an internal combustion engine and a first electric machine assigned to it, which is prepared for motor and generator operation and an electric drive machine / second electric machine that can be connected, for example via a clutch, further comprising a control device with power electronics and a computer-readable Storage medium, as claimed and explained as part of the invention, and a (high-voltage) battery.
  • 1 shows a hybrid vehicle drive train according to the invention
  • 2 shows a performance diagram, where the time is plotted on the ordinate and the speed is plotted on the abscissa, and the regulation of the internal combustion engine/the control of the internal combustion engine is shown in the diagram divided into six phases in which the six steps according to the invention take place,
  • FIG 3 is a diagram corresponding to the phases of FIG the internal combustion engine is shown.
  • Fig. 4 shows another diagram, corresponding to the phase distribution of Figs. 2 and 3, where the time is plotted on the ordinate and the performance/power is plotted on the abscissa and the power of the first electrical machine/electric machine 1 is shown with a solid line and the power of the second electrical machine/electric drive machine is shown in dash-dotted lines, “P1” represents the excess power that is required by the first electrical machine to start the internal combustion engine and the top, solid line shows the maximum battery power “P_BattMax”, where ti is the time from the beginning of the first phase to the end the second phase, in which steps 1 and 2 take place.
  • a hybrid vehicle drive train 1 is shown in FIG. It has an internal combustion engine 2, a first electric machine 3 and an electric drive machine 4. Between the first electric machine 3 and the electric drive machine 4 there is a clutch 5, which is designed as a dry or wet friction clutch. There is also power electronics 6 and one (High-voltage) battery 7. Between the internal combustion engine 2 and a drive wheel 8 there is also a first gear 9 with a gear ratio h and a second gear 10 with a gear ratio i2.
  • Figs. 2, 3 and 4 show the course of the procedure, which takes place one after the other. Step 1 must be carried out in phase 1, step 2 must be carried out in phase 2, step 3 must be carried out in phase 3, step 4 must be carried out in phase 4 and step 5 must be carried out in phase 5 before in the Phase 6 step 6 must be carried out.
  • the embodiments described above can be implemented as a computer program product, such as a storage medium, which is designed to carry out a method according to the previous embodiment in cooperation with a computer or several computers, that is, computer systems, or other computing units.
  • the computer program product may be designed to execute the method after performing a predetermined routine, such as a setup routine.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Control Of Vehicle Engines Or Engines For Specific Uses (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for starting an internal combustion engine (2) of a hybrid vehicle comprising a powertrain (1) which has an internal combustion engine (2); a first electric machine (3) which is paired with the internal combustion engine and which is provided for a motor mode and a generator mode; and a connectable electric drive machine (4). The method has the step/the six steps of initiating the starting process of the internal combustion engine (2) when the maximum battery output (P_BattMax) minus the target output (P1) for the electric drive machine (4) corresponds to the output which the first electric machine (3) requires to start the internal combustion engine (2) and/or accelerating the internal combustion engine (2) and/or inducing a transition of the internal combustion engine (2) from a thrust mode to a traction mode in a monitored manner and/or increasing the torque of the internal combustion engine (2) and/or lowering the torque or keeping the torque lowered up to a point before the target rotational speed is reached and/or slowing the increase of the motor rotation speed of the internal combustion engine (2) and/or retrieving the target output of the first electric machine (3). The invention also relates to computer-readable storage medium in order to force said method and to a hybrid vehicle powertrain (1) comprising at least one such computer-readable storage medium.

Description

Verfahren zum Starten einer Verbrennunqskraftmaschine eines Hybridfahrzeuqs, computerlesbares Speichermedium und Hybridfahrzeuqantriebstranq Method for starting an internal combustion engine of a hybrid vehicle, computer-readable storage medium and hybrid vehicle drive train

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Starten einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine eines Hybridfahrzeugs mit einem Antriebstrang, aufweisend die Verbrennungskraftmaschine, mit einer ihr zugeordneten ersten Elektromaschine, die für einen motorischen und generatorischen Betrieb vorbereitet ist und einer beispielsweise über eine Kupplung anbindbare elektrische Antriebmaschine / zweite Elektromaschine. The invention relates to a method for starting an internal combustion engine of a hybrid vehicle with a drive train, comprising the internal combustion engine, with a first electric machine assigned to it, which is prepared for motor and generator operation and an electric drive machine / second electric machine that can be connected, for example, via a clutch.

Die Erfindung befindet sich also auf dem Gebiet von Fahrzeugen mit Hybridantriebsträngen. Dies beinhaltet Kraftfahrzeuge, wie Pkws, Lkws oder andere Nutzfahrzeuge. Solche Hybridtriebstränge / Hybridantriebstränge weisen eine elektrische Maschine auf, welche generell das Antriebsmoment erzeugen kann sowie einen weiteren mechanisch ankoppelbaren Teil, beispielsweise über eine Reibkupplung, umfassend eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine und eine weitere Elektromaschine, sowie eine (Hochvolt-)Batterie und eine Leistungs- / Steuerelektronik. Zwischen den elektrischen Komponenten kann ein Energieaustausch erfolgen. The invention is therefore in the field of vehicles with hybrid powertrains. This includes motor vehicles such as cars, trucks or other commercial vehicles. Such hybrid drive trains/hybrid drive trains have an electric machine, which can generally generate the drive torque, as well as a further mechanically coupled part, for example via a friction clutch, comprising an internal combustion engine and a further electric machine, as well as a (high-voltage) battery and power/control electronics. An exchange of energy can take place between the electrical components.

Aus dem Stand der Technik sind bereits Antriebstränge für Hybridfahrzeuge bekannt, so beispielsweise aus der DE 10 2017 005 023 A1 . Dort wird ein Antriebstrang in Trans-Axle-Bauweise für ein Hybridfahrzeug, mit einem Hauptgetriebe, mit einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine, deren Abtriebswelle ein erstes Ende mit einem ersten Abgang und ein dem ersten Ende gegenüberliegendes zweites Ende mit einem zweiten Abgang aufweist, vorgestellt, über welchen das Hauptgetriebe und über dieses erste Räder einer ersten Achse von der Verbrennungskraftmaschine antreibbar sind, ferner aufweisend eine elektrische Maschine, mittels welcher zweite Räder einer zweiten Achse antreibbar sind, und mit wenigstens zwei jeweils zwischen einem geöffneten Zustand und einem geschlossenen Zustand umschaltbaren Kupplungseinrichtungen, wobei eine erste der Kupplungseinrichtungen in einem ersten Drehmomentenfluss von der elektrischen Maschine zu dem ersten Abgang zwischen diesem und der elektrischen Maschine angeordnet ist, und wobei die zweite Kupplungseinrichtung in einem zweiten Drehmomentenfluss von der elektrischen Maschine zu der zweiten Achse zwischen dieser und der elektrischen Maschine angeordnet ist. Drive trains for hybrid vehicles are already known from the prior art, for example from DE 10 2017 005 023 A1. There, a drive train in trans-axle design for a hybrid vehicle is presented, with a main transmission, with an internal combustion engine, the output shaft of which has a first end with a first outlet and a second end opposite the first end with a second outlet, via which the Main transmission and via this first wheels of a first axle can be driven by the internal combustion engine, further comprising an electric machine by means of which second wheels of a second axle can be driven, and with at least two clutch devices that can be switched between an open state and a closed state, a first the clutch devices are arranged in a first torque flow from the electric machine to the first outlet between this and the electric machine, and wherein the second clutch device is arranged in a second torque flow from the electric Machine is arranged on the second axis between this and the electrical machine.

Für diverse Modi der Fahrstrategie ist es notwendig, die Verbrennungskraftmaschine zu starten und zu stoppen. Gerade der Startvorgang der Verbrennungskraftmaschine ist jedoch von besonderer Bedeutung. Die Verbrennungskraftmaschine wird gestartet, um bei geschlossener Kupplung den Antrieb zu unterstützen, was dann dem parallelen Modus entspricht. Bei geöffneter Kupplung wird die Verbrennungskraftmaschine gestartet, um die Batterie zu laden. Dies entspricht dem seriellen Modus, indem die erste Elektromaschine / erste elektrische Maschine / E-Maschine 1 generatorisch betrieben wird. For various driving strategy modes, it is necessary to start and stop the internal combustion engine. However, the starting process of the internal combustion engine is particularly important. The internal combustion engine is started to support the drive when the clutch is closed, which then corresponds to the parallel mode. When the clutch is open, the internal combustion engine is started to charge the battery. This corresponds to the serial mode in which the first electric machine/first electric machine/e-machine 1 is operated as a generator.

Zwei Herausforderungen sind beim Start der Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit Hilfe der Elektromaschine zu beachten. Bei dem Start der Verbrennungskraftmaschine über die Elektromaschine, treibt die Elektromaschine zunächst die Verbrennungskraftmaschine an, um später, nachdem die Verbrennungskraftmaschine gestartet ist, selbst durch die Verbrennungskraftmaschine angetrieben zu werden. Dabei kommt es mindestens einmal zu einem Spielwechsel an den Zahnrädern zwischen der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und der ersten Elektromaschine. Dieser Spielwechsel ist akustisch sehr auffällig. Die Zieldrehzahl und das Zielmoment der Elektromaschine richten sich im seriellen Modus an die erforderliche Leistung. Two challenges must be taken into account when starting the internal combustion engine with the help of the electric machine. When the internal combustion engine is started via the electric machine, the electric machine first drives the internal combustion engine in order to later be driven by the internal combustion engine itself after the internal combustion engine has started. At least once there is a change in play on the gears between the internal combustion engine and the first electric machine. This game change is acoustically very noticeable. In serial mode, the target speed and torque of the electric machine are based on the required power.

Die zweite Herausforderung betrifft die Tatsache, dass beim Start der Verbrennungskraftmaschine die erste Elektromaschine ihre Leistung aus der Batterie bezieht. Diese Leistung steht dann natürlich der das Fahrzeug antreibenden zweiten Elektromaschine / (Elektro-)Antriebsmaschine / elektrischen Antriebsmaschine nicht mehr zur Verfügung, was besonders bei Fahrsituationen mit hoher Leistungsanforderung seitens des Fahrers kritisch ist. The second challenge concerns the fact that when the internal combustion engine starts, the first electric machine draws its power from the battery. This power is then of course no longer available to the second electric machine/(electric) drive machine/electric drive machine driving the vehicle, which is particularly critical in driving situations with high performance requirements from the driver.

Die Erfindung geht nun den Weg, durch ein koordiniertes und sanftes Ansteuern der ersten Elektromaschine / E-Maschine 1 und der Verbrennungskraftmaschine während des Spielwechsels im Getriebe den Verbrennungskraftmaschinenstart komfortabel auszuführen. Durch das vorausschauende Ansteuern der elektrischen Maschine beim Start der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, wie im Patentanspruch 1 beansprucht, wird eine mangelnde Batterieleistung auf der Antriebsseite vermieden. The invention now takes the approach of conveniently starting the internal combustion engine through coordinated and gentle control of the first electric machine/e-machine 1 and the internal combustion engine during the play change in the transmission. By proactively controlling the electrical machine Starting the internal combustion engine, as claimed in claim 1, avoids a lack of battery power on the drive side.

Für die Erfindung bedeutsam sind also sechs Schritte: Six steps are important for the invention:

Im Schritt 1 steht im Vordergrund: Einleiten / Auslösen / Initiieren des Startens der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, (nur dann) wenn eine maximale Batterieleistung abzüglich der Soll-Leistung für die elektrische Antriebsmaschine / zweite Elektromaschine der Leistung entspricht, die die erste elektrische Maschine für den Start der Verbrennungskraftmaschine benötigt. In step 1 the focus is on: initiating/triggering/initiating the starting of the internal combustion engine (only if) a maximum battery power minus the target power for the electric drive machine/second electric machine corresponds to the power that the first electric machine needs to start the Internal combustion engine required.

Für den Schritt 2 steht im Vordergrund: Beschleunigen der Verbrennungskraftmaschine mittels der ersten elektrischen Maschine auf eine (Mindest-)Drehzahl / Minimumdrehzahl / Maximaldrehzahl, bei der ein selbstständiger Betrieb der Verbrennungskraftmaschine möglich ist (zum Beispiel 800 U/min) unter Ermöglichung der Zündung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine. For step 2, the focus is on: Accelerating the internal combustion engine using the first electric machine to a (minimum) speed / minimum speed / maximum speed at which independent operation of the internal combustion engine is possible (for example 800 rpm) while enabling the ignition of the Internal combustion engine.

Im Schritt 3 steht im Vordergrund: Kontrolliertes Hervorrufen des Übergehens der Verbrennungskraftmaschine von einem Schubbetrieb in einen Zugbetrieb durch Verminderung des Drehmoments der ersten Elektromaschine und/oder Erhöhung des Drehmoments der Verbrennungskraftmaschine. In step 3, the focus is on: Controlledly causing the internal combustion engine to transition from overrun operation to traction operation by reducing the torque of the first electric machine and/or increasing the torque of the internal combustion engine.

Im Schritt 4 steht im Vordergrund: Absenken oder Abgesenkt halten (beispielsweise auf 0 Nm) bis (kurz) vor dem Erreichen einer Zieldrehzahl oder bis zum Erreichen der Zieldrehzahl. In step 4 the focus is on lowering or keeping it lowered (for example to 0 Nm) until (shortly) before reaching a target speed or until the target speed is reached.

In einem Schritt 5 steht im Vordergrund: Verringerung / Verlangsamung einer Beschleunigung / Erhöhung / eines Anstiegs der Motordrehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine, durch Verringerung des Drehmoments der ersten Elektromaschine, damit die Motordrehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine ihren Soll-Wert erreicht. In einem Schritt 6 steht im Vordergrund: Abrufen der Soll-Leistung der ersten Elektromaschine. In step 5, the focus is on: reducing / slowing down an acceleration / increasing / increasing the engine speed of the internal combustion engine, by reducing the torque of the first electric machine so that the engine speed of the internal combustion engine reaches its target value. In step 6 the focus is on retrieving the target power of the first electric machine.

Die Erfindung kann auch anders ausgedrückt werden: The invention can also be expressed differently:

Der Start der Verbrennungskraftmaschine / des Verbrennungsmotors wird initiiert, wenn die verbleibende Batterieleistung (maximale Batterieleistung "P_BattMax" abzüglich der abgeschätzten Sollleistung für die E-Maschine 2) der Leistung entspricht, die die erste E-Maschine für den Start des Verbrennungsmotors benötigt („P1") The start of the internal combustion engine/engine is initiated when the remaining battery power (maximum battery power "P_BattMax" minus the estimated target power for the electric machine 2) corresponds to the power that the first electric machine requires to start the combustion engine ("P1 ")

Die abgeschätzte Sollleistung für die zweite E-Maschine wird bestimmt aus dem aktuellen Gradient der Leistung der zweiten E-Maschine und der Zeit, die die erste E- Maschine benötigt, um die Verbrennungskraftmaschine auf eine Drehzahl zu bringen, bei der Zündung freigegeben wird (Ende Phase "2"). Zunächst wird die Verbrennungskraftmaschine mit Hilfe der ersten E-Maschine auf eine Drehzahl gebracht, bei der ein selbstständiger Betrieb des Verbrennungsmotors möglich ist (z.B. 800 U/min). Das Momentniveau der ersten E-Maschine und der Gradient sind dabei frei konfigurierbar. The estimated target power for the second electric machine is determined from the current gradient of the power of the second electric machine and the time that the first electric machine needs to bring the internal combustion engine to a speed at which ignition is released (end Phase "2"). First, with the help of the first electric machine, the internal combustion engine is brought to a speed at which independent operation of the internal combustion engine is possible (e.g. 800 rpm). The torque level of the first electric machine and the gradient are freely configurable.

In der nachfolgenden Phase wird dem Verbrennungsmotor die Zünderlaubnis erteilt und ein Sollmoment vorgegeben ("tq_eng" ). Da das Moment des Verbrennungsmotors beim Starten schlagartig aufgebaut wird, sollte es nicht größer sein als das Moment der ersten E-Maschine, um keinen Spielumschlag in der Übersetzung oder auch Dämpfersystemen (ZMS) zwischen der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und der E-Maschine zu verursachen. Die Verbrennungskraftmaschine wird somit weiterhin von der E-Maschine angetrieben (Verbrenner im Schub). In the following phase, the combustion engine is given permission to ignite and a target torque is specified ("tq_eng"). Since the torque of the internal combustion engine is built up suddenly when starting, it should not be greater than the torque of the first electric machine in order not to cause a change in the gear ratio or damper systems (DFMS) between the internal combustion engine and the electric machine. The internal combustion engine is therefore still driven by the electric motor (combustion engine in overdrive).

In der Phase 3 wird ein Spielumschlag (Schub nach Zug) in der Übersetzung bzw. Dämpfersystem zwischen der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und der ersten E-Maschine kontrolliert hervorgerufen, indem das Moment der ersten E-Maschine reduziert wird.In phase 3, a change in play (thrust after pull) is brought about in a controlled manner in the translation or damper system between the internal combustion engine and the first electric machine by reducing the torque of the first electric machine.

Im Bereich der Momentengleichheit kann das Moment der Verbrennungskraftmaschine abgesenkt werden und/oder die Reduzierung des E- Maschinen-Momentes weniger stark ausgeprägt sein, um zu erreichen, dass die Gradienten der beiden Momente sehr ähnlich sind. Dies führt dazu, dass der Impact im Getriebe oder Dämpfersystem nach dem Freiflug im Spieldurchgang sehr klein ist und Geräuschentwicklungen vermieden werden. Nach dem Spieldurchgang können die Momentengradienten wieder erhöht werden, um die Zielmomente in vertretbaren Zeiträumen zu erreichen. In the area of equal moments, the moment can be Internal combustion engine can be lowered and / or the reduction of the electric machine torque must be less pronounced in order to ensure that the gradients of the two moments are very similar. This means that the impact in the gearbox or damper system after the free flight in the game is very small and noise development is avoided. After the game has been completed, the moment gradients can be increased again in order to achieve the target moments within a reasonable period of time.

Nachdem das Moment der ersten E-Maschine vollständig abgebaut wurde (Ende Phase 3), bleibt es auf diesem Niveau (0 Nm in der Phase 4) bis kurz vor dem Erreichen der Zieldrehzahl. Danach, in der Phase 5, wird die Beschleunigung der Motordrehzahl reduziert, indem das Moment der ersten E-Maschine reduziert wird und die Motordrehzahl so ihren Sollwert erreicht. After the torque of the first electric machine has been completely reduced (end of phase 3), it remains at this level (0 Nm in phase 4) until shortly before the target speed is reached. Then, in phase 5, the acceleration of the engine speed is reduced by reducing the torque of the first electric machine and the engine speed reaches its target value.

In der Phase 6 liefert die erste E-Maschine ihre Sollleistung. In phase 6, the first electric machine delivers its target power.

Vorteilhafte Ausführungsformen sind in den Unteransprüchen beansprucht und werden nachfolgend näher erläutert. Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and are explained in more detail below.

So ist es von Vorteil, wenn die Schritte 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 und 6 konsekutiv / nacheinander ablaufen. It is therefore advantageous if steps 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 take place consecutively.

Es ist dabei ferner von Vorteil, wenn alle sechs Schritte in (genau) dieser Reihenfolge und (direkt) nacheinander ablaufen. It is also advantageous if all six steps take place in (exactly) this order and (directly) one after the other.

Ferner hat es sich bewährt, wenn im Schritt 2 das Drehmomentniveau der ersten Elektromaschine und/oder der/dessen gradientfrei oder (ganz) frei konfigurierbar ist. Furthermore, it has proven useful if in step 2 the torque level of the first electric machine and/or its gradient-free or (completely) freely configurable.

Dabei ist es wünschenswert, wenn im Schritt 2 das Zieldrehmomentniveau kleiner gehalten wird, als ein IST-Drehmoment der ersten Elektromaschine. It is desirable if in step 2 the target torque level is kept smaller than an actual torque of the first electric machine.

Eine vorteilhafte Ausführungsform ist auch dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Schritt 3 bei Gleichheit des Drehmoments der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und der ersten Elektromaschine, das Drehmoment der Verbrennungskraftmaschine abgesenkt wird und/oder das Drehmoment der ersten Elektromaschine weniger stark ausgeprägt wird, um die Gradienten der beiden Drehmomente aneinander anzugleichen / zu vereinheitlichen bzw. exakt gleich auszugestalten. An advantageous embodiment is also characterized in that in step 3, when the torque of the internal combustion engine and the first one are equal Electric machine, the torque of the internal combustion engine is reduced and / or the torque of the first electric machine becomes less pronounced in order to align / unify the gradients of the two torques or to make them exactly the same.

Dabei ist es ferner von Vorteil, wenn nach einem Spieldurchgang die Gradienten der beiden, von der Verbrennungskraftmaschine und der ersten Elektromaschine gestellten Drehmomente, (wieder) erhöht werden. It is also advantageous if the gradients of the two torques provided by the internal combustion engine and the first electric machine are increased (again) after a game play.

Diese Ausführungsform lässt sich dann weiterbilden, wenn die Erhöhung in Relation zu der Zeit hervorgerufen wird, die vorgegeben ist, um ein Zieldrehmoment zu erreichen oder aus bestimmten voreingegebenen / vorbestimmten oder betriebsabhängigen Parametern berechnet wird. This embodiment can be further developed if the increase is caused in relation to the time that is predetermined to achieve a target torque or is calculated from certain pre-entered/predetermined or operation-dependent parameters.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein computerlesbares Speichermedium, das eingerichtet ist und vorbereitet ist, zum Ausführen von Steuer- und/oder Regelungsschritten zum Erzwingen des Verfahrens wie es als erfindungsgemäß dargestellt und beansprucht ist. The invention also relates to a computer-readable storage medium arranged and prepared to carry out control and/or regulation steps for enforcing the method as shown and claimed according to the invention.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch einen Hybridfahrzeugantriebstrang mit einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine und einer ihr zugeordneten ersten Elektromaschine, die für einen motorischen und generatorischen Betrieb vorbereitet ist und einer, beispielsweise über eine Kupplung, anbindbare elektrische Antriebsmaschine / zweite Elektromaschine, ferner aufweisend ein Steuergerät mit einer Leistungselektronik und einem computerlesbaren Speichermedium, wie als Teil der Erfindung beansprucht und erläutert, sowie einer (Hochvolt-)Batterie. The invention also relates to a hybrid vehicle drive train with an internal combustion engine and a first electric machine assigned to it, which is prepared for motor and generator operation and an electric drive machine / second electric machine that can be connected, for example via a clutch, further comprising a control device with power electronics and a computer-readable Storage medium, as claimed and explained as part of the invention, and a (high-voltage) battery.

Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend auch mit Hilfe einer Zeichnung näher erläutert. Es zeigen: The invention is explained in more detail below with the help of a drawing. Show it:

Fig. 1 einen erfindungsgemäßen Hybridfahrzeugantriebstrang, Fig. 2 ein Leistungsdiagramm, wobei auf der Ordinate die Zeit und auf der Abszisse die Geschwindigkeit angetragen ist und die Regelung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine / die Steuerung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine im Diagramm aufgeteilt in sechs Phasen, in denen die erfindungsgemäßen sechs Schritte ablaufen, dargestellt ist, 1 shows a hybrid vehicle drive train according to the invention, 2 shows a performance diagram, where the time is plotted on the ordinate and the speed is plotted on the abscissa, and the regulation of the internal combustion engine/the control of the internal combustion engine is shown in the diagram divided into six phases in which the six steps according to the invention take place,

Fig. 3 ein den Phasen nach Fig. 2 entsprechendes Diagramm, wobei auf der Ordinate die Zeit und auf der Abszisse das Drehmoment dargestellt ist, wobei mit durchgezogenen Linien das Drehmoment der Elektromaschine 1 / der ersten elektrischen Maschine dargestellt ist und mit gestrichelter Linie das Drehmoment der Verbrennungskraftmaschine dargestellt ist, und 3 is a diagram corresponding to the phases of FIG the internal combustion engine is shown, and

Fig. 4 ein weiteres Diagramm, entsprechend der Phasenaufteilung der Fign. 2 und 3, wobei auf der Ordinate die Zeit und auf der Abszisse die Leistung / Power aufgetragen ist und mit durchgezogener Linie die Leistung der ersten elektrischen Maschine / Elektromaschine 1 dargestellt ist und strichpunktiert die Leistung der zweiten elektrischen Maschine / der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine dargestellt ist, mit „P1“ jener Leistungsüberschuss dargestellt ist, der für den Start der Verbrennungskraftmaschine von der ersten elektrischen Maschine benötigt wird und in oberster, durchgezogener Linie die maximale Batterieleistung „P_BattMax“ dargestellt ist, wobei mit ti jene Zeit von Beginn der ersten Phase bis zum Ende der zweiten Phase, in denen die Schritte 1 und 2 ablaufen, gekennzeichnet ist. Fig. 4 shows another diagram, corresponding to the phase distribution of Figs. 2 and 3, where the time is plotted on the ordinate and the performance/power is plotted on the abscissa and the power of the first electrical machine/electric machine 1 is shown with a solid line and the power of the second electrical machine/electric drive machine is shown in dash-dotted lines, “P1” represents the excess power that is required by the first electrical machine to start the internal combustion engine and the top, solid line shows the maximum battery power “P_BattMax”, where ti is the time from the beginning of the first phase to the end the second phase, in which steps 1 and 2 take place.

Die Figuren sind lediglich schematischer Natur und dienen nur dem Verständnis der Erfindung. Die gleichen Elemente sind mit denselben Bezugszeichen versehen. The figures are only of a schematic nature and only serve to understand the invention. The same elements are given the same reference numbers.

In der Fig. 1 ist ein Hybridfahrzeugantriebstrang 1 dargestellt. Er besitzt eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine 2, eine erste Elektromaschine 3 und eine elektrische Antriebsmaschine 4. Zwischen der ersten elektrischen Maschine 3 und der elektrischen Antriebsmaschine 4 gibt es eine Kupplung 5, die als trockene oder nasse Reibkupplung ausgestaltet ist. Ferner gibt es eine Leistungselektronik 6, sowie eine (Hochvolt-)Batterie 7. Zwischen der Verbrennungskraftmaschine 2 und einem Antriebsrad 8 gibt es auch ein erstes Getriebe 9 mit einem Übersetzungsverhältnis h und ein zweites Getriebe 10 mit einem Übersetzungsverhältnis i2. In den Fign. 2, 3 und 4 ist der zeitlich nacheinander ablaufende Verfahrensverlauf zu erkennen. So ist in der Phase 1 der Schritt 1 durchzuführen, in der Phase 2 der Schritt 2 durchzuführen, in der Phase 3 der Schritt 3 durchzuführen, in der Phase 4 der Schritt 4 durchzuführen und in der Phase 5 der Schritt 5 durchzuführen, bevor in der Phase 6 der Schritt 6 durchzuführen ist. A hybrid vehicle drive train 1 is shown in FIG. It has an internal combustion engine 2, a first electric machine 3 and an electric drive machine 4. Between the first electric machine 3 and the electric drive machine 4 there is a clutch 5, which is designed as a dry or wet friction clutch. There is also power electronics 6 and one (High-voltage) battery 7. Between the internal combustion engine 2 and a drive wheel 8 there is also a first gear 9 with a gear ratio h and a second gear 10 with a gear ratio i2. In Figs. 2, 3 and 4 show the course of the procedure, which takes place one after the other. Step 1 must be carried out in phase 1, step 2 must be carried out in phase 2, step 3 must be carried out in phase 3, step 4 must be carried out in phase 4 and step 5 must be carried out in phase 5 before in the Phase 6 step 6 must be carried out.

Die zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsformen sind als Computerprogrammprodukt, wie zum Beispiel ein Speichermedium, realisierbar, das dazu ausgelegt ist, im Zusammenwirken mit einem Computer oder mehreren Computern, das heißt Computersystemen, oder sonstigen Recheneinheiten ein Verfahren gemäß des vorhergehenden Ausführungsformen auszuführen. Das Computerprogrammprodukt kann dazu ausgelegt sein, dass das Verfahren nach Durchführen einer vorbestimmten Routine, wie zum Beispiel einer Setup-Routine, ausgeführt wird. The embodiments described above can be implemented as a computer program product, such as a storage medium, which is designed to carry out a method according to the previous embodiment in cooperation with a computer or several computers, that is, computer systems, or other computing units. The computer program product may be designed to execute the method after performing a predetermined routine, such as a setup routine.

Bezuqszeichenliste Reference character list

HybridfahrzeugantriebstrangHybrid vehicle powertrain

Verbrennungskraftmaschine erste Elektromaschine / erste elektrische Maschine elektrische Antriebsmaschine / zweite elektrische Maschine Kupplung Internal combustion engine first electric machine / first electric machine electric drive machine / second electric machine clutch

Leistungselektronik Power electronics

(Hochvolt-)Batterie (High-voltage) battery

Antriebsrad erstes Getriebe (h) zweites Getriebe (i2) Drive wheel first gear (h) second gear (i2)

Claims

Patentansprüche Verfahren zum Starten einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) eines Hybridfahrzeugs mit einem Antriebstrang (1 ), aufweisend eine Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2), mit einer ihr zugeordneten ersten Elektromaschine (3), die für einen motorischen und generatorischen Betrieb vorbereitet ist und einer anbindbaren elektrischen Antriebsmaschine (4), aufweisend den Schritt / die Schritte: Claims Method for starting an internal combustion engine (2) of a hybrid vehicle with a drive train (1), comprising an internal combustion engine (2), with a first electric machine (3) assigned to it, which is prepared for motor and generator operation and a connectable electric drive machine ( 4), comprising the step(s): - Schritt 1 : Einleiten des Startens der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2), wenn eine maximale Batterieleistung (PßattMax) abzüglich der Soll-Leistung (Pi) für die elektrische Antriebsmaschine (4) der Leistung entspricht, die die erste Elektromaschine (3) für den Start der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) benötigt und/oder - Step 1: Initiating the starting of the internal combustion engine (2) when a maximum battery power (PßattMax) minus the target power (Pi) for the electric drive machine (4) corresponds to the power that the first electric machine (3) needs to start the Internal combustion engine (2) required and/or - Schritt 2: Beschleunigung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) mittels der ersten Elektromaschine auf eine Drehzahl, bei der ein selbständiger Betrieb der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) möglich ist, unter Ermöglichung der Zündung der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) und/oder - Step 2: Acceleration of the internal combustion engine (2) by means of the first electric machine to a speed at which independent operation of the internal combustion engine (2) is possible, enabling the ignition of the internal combustion engine (2) and/or - Schritt 3: kontrolliertes Hervorrufen des Übergehens der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) von einem Schubbetrieb in einen Zugbetrieb durch Verminderung des Drehmoments der ersten Elektromaschine (3) und/oder Erhöhung des Drehmoments der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) und/oder - Step 3: controlled transition of the internal combustion engine (2) from overrun operation to traction operation by reducing the torque of the first electric machine (3) and/or increasing the torque of the internal combustion engine (2) and/or - Schritt 4: Absenken oder Abgesenkt halten bis vor das Erreichen einer Zieldrehzahl, und/oder - Step 4: Lower or keep lowered until a target speed is reached, and/or - Schritt 5: Verlangsamung eines Anstiegs der Motordrehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2), durch Verringerung des Drehmoments der ersten Elektromaschine (3), damit die Motordrehzahl der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) ihren Soll-Wert erreicht, und/oder - Schritt 6: Abrufen der Soll-Leistung der ersten Elektromaschine (3). Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Schritte 1 , 2, 3, 4, 5 und 6 konsekutiv / nacheinander ablaufen. Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass alle sechs Schritte in dieser Reihenfolge und nacheinander ablaufen. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Schritt 2 das Drehmomentniveau der ersten Elektromaschine (3) und/oder der/dessen konfiguriert wird. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Schritt 2 das Zieldrehmomentniveau kleiner gehalten wird, als ein IST- Drehmoment der ersten Elektromaschine (3). Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass im Schritt 3 bei Gleichheit des Drehmoments der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) und der ersten Elektromaschine (3), das Drehmoment der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) abgesenkt wird und/oder das Drehmoment der ersten Elektromaschine (3) wenig stark ausgeprägt wird, um die Gradienten der beiden Drehmomente aneinander anzugleichen. Verfahren nach Anspruch 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass nach einem Spieldurchgang die Gradienten der beiden, von der Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) und der ersten Elektromaschine (3) gestellten Drehmomente, (wieder) erhöht werden. Verfahren nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Erhöhung in Relation zu der Zeit (t) hervorgerufen wird, die vorgegeben ist, um ein Zieldrehmoment zu erreichen oder aus bestimmten voreingegebenen / vorbestimmten oder betriebsabhängigen Parametern berechnet wird. Computerlesbares Speichermedium, eingerichtet und vorbereitet zum Ausführen von Steuer- und/oder Regelungsschritten, zum Erzwingen des Verfahrens nach einem der vorhergehenden Ansprüche. Hybridfahrzeugantriebstrang (1 ) mit einer Verbrennungskraftmaschine (2) und einer ihr zugeordneten ersten Elektromaschine (3), die für einen motorischen und generatorischen Betrieb vorbereitet ist und einer anbindbaren elektrischen Antriebsmaschine (4), ferner aufweisend ein Steuergerät mit einer Leistungselektronik (6) und einem computerlesbaren Speichermedium nach Anspruch 9 sowie einer (Hochvolt-)Batterie (7). - Step 5: Slowing down an increase in the engine speed of the internal combustion engine (2) by reducing the torque of the first electric machine (3) so that the engine speed of the internal combustion engine (2) reaches its target value, and / or - Step 6: Retrieve the target power of the first electric machine (3). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that steps 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 take place consecutively. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that all six steps take place in this order and one after the other. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in step 2 the torque level of the first electric machine (3) and/or it is configured. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in step 2 the target torque level is kept smaller than an actual torque of the first electric machine (3). Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that in step 3, if the torque of the internal combustion engine (2) and the first electric machine (3) is the same, the torque of the internal combustion engine (2) is reduced and / or the torque of the first electric machine (3) is not very pronounced in order to align the gradients of the two torques. Method according to claim 6, characterized in that after a game round the gradients of the two torques provided by the internal combustion engine (2) and the first electric machine (3) are increased (again). Method according to claim 7, characterized in that the increase is caused in relation to the time (t) which is predetermined to achieve a target torque or is calculated from certain pre-entered/predetermined or operation-dependent parameters. Computer-readable storage medium, set up and prepared for carrying out control and/or regulation steps for enforcing the method according to one of the preceding claims. Hybrid vehicle drive train (1) with an internal combustion engine (2) and a first electric machine (3) assigned to it, which is prepared for motor and generator operation and a connectable electric drive machine (4), further comprising a control device with power electronics (6) and a Computer-readable storage medium according to claim 9 and a (high-voltage) battery (7).
PCT/DE2023/100150 2022-03-18 2023-02-27 Method for starting an internal combustion engine of a hybrid vehicle, computer-readable storage medium, and hybrid vehicle powertrain WO2023174474A1 (en)

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WO2007045785A1 (en) * 2005-10-20 2007-04-26 Peugeot Citroen Automobiles Sa Method for starting a hybrid vehicle heat engine
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