WO2023167206A1 - 防曇剤、車両用ランプ構造体の防曇方法、及び車両用ランプ構造体 - Google Patents
防曇剤、車両用ランプ構造体の防曇方法、及び車両用ランプ構造体 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2023167206A1 WO2023167206A1 PCT/JP2023/007404 JP2023007404W WO2023167206A1 WO 2023167206 A1 WO2023167206 A1 WO 2023167206A1 JP 2023007404 W JP2023007404 W JP 2023007404W WO 2023167206 A1 WO2023167206 A1 WO 2023167206A1
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- SAWDTKLQESXBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(heptyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC SAWDTKLQESXBDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- UMFJXASDGBJDEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(prop-2-enyl)silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](CC=C)(OCC)OCC UMFJXASDGBJDEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(propyl)silane Chemical compound CCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC NBXZNTLFQLUFES-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BBWMWJONYVGXGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy(undecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BBWMWJONYVGXGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethoxy-[3-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)propyl]silane Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)CCCOCC1CO1 JXUKBNICSRJFAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(3,3,3-trifluoropropyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CCC(F)(F)F JLGNHOJUQFHYEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEPXSTGVAHHRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(nonyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC JEPXSTGVAHHRBD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(octyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC NMEPHPOFYLLFTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(pentyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC HILHCDFHSDUYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(phenyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZNOCGWVLWPVKAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFRDHGNFBLIJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(prop-2-enyl)silane Chemical compound CO[Si](OC)(OC)CC=C LFRDHGNFBLIJIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AXNJHBYHBDPTQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(tetradecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC AXNJHBYHBDPTQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LIJFLHYUSJKHKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy(undecyl)silane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC LIJFLHYUSJKHKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYJYJTDXBIYRHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethoxy-[8-(oxiran-2-ylmethoxy)octyl]silane Chemical compound C(C1CO1)OCCCCCCCC[Si](OC)(OC)OC QYJYJTDXBIYRHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K3/00—Materials not provided for elsewhere
- C09K3/18—Materials not provided for elsewhere for application to surfaces to minimize adherence of ice, mist or water thereto; Thawing or antifreeze materials for application to surfaces
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to an antifogging agent, an antifogging method for a vehicle lamp structure, and a vehicle lamp structure.
- An anti-fogging film is generally formed by spraying an anti-fogging agent onto an adherend (substrate) and drying the coating film. From the viewpoint of cost and coating efficiency, it is preferable to use a solvent to form a thin antifogging film. It has been found by the inventors' studies that there are cases in which unevenness in quality occurs.
- One aspect of the present disclosure has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide an antifogging agent capable of forming an antifogging film with sufficiently little unevenness in wettability.
- the contact angle of the antifogging agent is time-dependent because the wettability of the adherend changes as the solvent in the antifogging agent volatilizes. Therefore, the present inventors further studied the relationship between the time dependence of the contact angle of the antifogging agent and the characteristics of the formed antifogging film, and found that the contact angle at a predetermined timing satisfies a specific condition. It has been found that the antifogging agent can form an antifogging film with sufficiently low wettability unevenness.
- one aspect of the present disclosure is an antifogging agent containing silica particles and a solvent, and when the contact angle is measured using a contact angle meter according to the following condition A, from the time of 50 seconds
- the antifogging agent has a regression coefficient ⁇ 50 to 100 of less than 0 in a regression line obtained from the contact angle measured until 100 seconds have elapsed and the elapsed time.
- Condition A In an environment of 25°C and 65% RH, drop 0.5 ⁇ L of the antifogging agent onto the PTFE substrate, and the contact angle is measured every 5 seconds, with the moment when the antifogging agent comes into contact with the PTFE substrate as 0 seconds. to measure.
- the surface tension measured by the pendant drop method may be 30 mN/m or less.
- the content of the solvent may be 90% by mass or more based on the total amount of the antifogging agent.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure is a vehicular lamp comprising the steps of applying the anti-fogging agent to the inner surface of a lens included in a vehicular lamp structure to form a coating film, and drying the coating film.
- the present invention relates to an anti-fogging method for structures.
- Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a vehicle lamp structure including an antifogging film formed from the above antifogging agent on the inner surface of the lens.
- an antifogging agent capable of forming an antifogging film with sufficiently little unevenness in wettability. Further, according to the present disclosure, it is possible to provide an anti-fogging method for a vehicle lamp structure using an anti-fogging agent, and a vehicle lamp structure provided with an anti-fogging film with sufficiently low wettability unevenness.
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a vehicle lamp structure.
- FIG. 2 is a diagram showing IR charts before and after synthesis of Compound 1.
- FIG. 3 is a diagram showing IR charts before and after synthesis of Compound 1.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing IR charts before and after synthesis of Compound 1.
- FIG. 5 is a graph showing measurement results of contact angles of Example 4 and Comparative Example 2.
- FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram for explaining the evaluation method of the antifogging agent.
- each component in the composition means the total amount of the plurality of substances present in the composition unless otherwise specified when there are multiple substances corresponding to each component in the composition.
- a numerical range indicated using "-" indicates a range including the numerical values before and after "-" as the minimum and maximum values, respectively.
- the upper limit value or lower limit value of the numerical range at one step may be replaced with the upper limit value or lower limit value of the numerical range at another step.
- the upper or lower limits of the numerical ranges may be replaced with the values shown in the examples.
- the antifogging agent of this embodiment contains silica particles and a solvent.
- silica particles The shape of silica particles is not particularly limited. Examples of the shape of the silica particles include beaded (pearl necklace), chain, spherical, cocoon-shaped, association-shaped, and confetti-shaped. The shape of the silica particles may be bead-like (pearl necklace-like) or chain-like from the viewpoint of moisture resistance and water resistance. The silica particles may be colloidal silica.
- the silica particles may contain metal oxides other than silicon dioxide.
- metal oxides include alumina.
- Examples of such silica particles include colloidal silica in which aluminosilicate is firmly formed on the colloidal silica surface for stabilization of silica sol.
- the silica particles may have an average particle size (average secondary particle size) of 1 to 1000 nm.
- average particle size is 1 nm or more, the silica particles are less likely to agglomerate in the antifogging agent, and thus the silica particles are more likely to adhere to the substrate.
- average particle diameter is 1000 nm or less, the specific surface area of the silica particles increases, and the silica particles easily adhere to the substrate. From these points of view, the silica particles may have an average particle size of 3 to 700 nm, 5 to 500 nm, 10 to 300 nm, or 20 to 200 nm.
- the average particle size of silica particles can be measured, for example, by the following procedure. That is, about 100 ⁇ L (L represents liter, the same shall apply hereinafter) of the silica particle dispersion liquid is measured, and the content of the silica particles is about 0.05% by mass (the transmittance (H) at the time of measurement is 60 to 70%). A diluted solution is obtained by diluting with ion-exchanged water to a certain content).
- the diluted solution is put into a sample tank of a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer (manufactured by Horiba Ltd., trade name: LA-920, refractive index: 1.93, light source: He—Ne laser, absorption 0), The average particle size of silica particles can be measured.
- a laser diffraction particle size distribution analyzer manufactured by Horiba Ltd., trade name: LA-920, refractive index: 1.93, light source: He—Ne laser, absorption 0
- the number of silanol groups per gram of silica particles is 10 ⁇ 10 18 to 1000 ⁇ 10 18 /g, 50 ⁇ 10 18 to 800 ⁇ 10 18 /g, or 100 ⁇ 10 18 to 700 ⁇ 10 18 /g. There may be.
- the number of silanol groups per 1 g of the silica particles is 10 ⁇ 10 18 /g or more, the number of chemical bonding points with the functional groups of the base material increases, so that the adhesion to the base material can be easily improved.
- the number of silanol groups per 1 g of the silica particles is 1000 ⁇ 10 18 /g or less, the polycondensation reaction between the silica particles during the preparation of the anti-fogging agent can be suppressed, and chemical reaction with the functional groups of the base material can be suppressed. It is possible to suppress the decrease in the number of bonding points.
- the number of silanol groups ( ⁇ [number/g]) of silica particles can be measured and calculated by the following procedure.
- BET specific surface area S BET of silica particles is obtained according to the BET specific surface area method.
- a specific measurement method for example, silica particles are placed in a dryer, dried at 150 ° C., then placed in a measurement cell and vacuum degassed at 120 ° C. for 60 minutes.
- a BET specific surface area measuring device is used for the sample. , can be obtained by adsorbing nitrogen gas. More specifically, first, silica particles dried at 150° C. are crushed finely with a mortar (made of porcelain, 100 ml), placed in a measurement cell as a measurement sample, and subjected to a BET specific surface area measurement device manufactured by Yuasa Ionics Co., Ltd. (product name: NOVE-1200) is used to measure the BET specific surface area S BET .
- the degree of association of silica particles in the dispersion of silica particles may be, for example, 5.0 or less, 4.0 or less, 3.0 or less, 2.5 or less, or 2.0 or less.
- the degree of association of silica particles may be 1.0 or more, 1.3 or more, or 1.5 or more.
- the degree of association of the silica particles is 1.0 or more, the specific surface area of the silica particles becomes moderately small, and aggregation of the silica particles can be suppressed during the preparation of the antifogging agent.
- the degree of association of silica particles refers to the ratio of the average particle size (average secondary particle size) of silica particles in a silica particle dispersion to the biaxial average primary particle size of silica particles (average particle size/biaxial average primary particle size).
- the average primary particle size of silica particles can be measured, for example, with a known transmission electron microscope (eg, product name: H-7100FA manufactured by Hitachi High-Tech Co., Ltd.). Specifically, the average primary particle size of the silica particles is obtained by taking an image of the silica particles using a transmission electron microscope, calculating the biaxial average primary particle size for 20 silica particles, and calculating the average primary particle size of 20 silica particles. can be calculated by the average value of
- Silica particles are available as a dispersion of silica particles.
- Dispersion media include water, isopropyl alcohol, 1-methoxy-2-propyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol, ethylene glycol, ethylene glycol-n-propyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, dimethylacetamide, N-methylpyrrolidone, toluene, methyl ethyl ketone, methyl isobutyl ketone, cyclohexane, ethyl acetate and the like.
- the dispersion medium may be a mixture of the above dispersion mediums.
- the dispersion medium for the silica particles may be water from the viewpoint of versatility.
- the pH of the silica particle dispersion may be 2-10, 4-9, 6-8, or 2-5.
- the pH is 2 to 10
- the hydrolysis reaction rate of the alkoxy groups is slowed down, making it easier to form an antifogging film containing silica particles with residual alkoxy groups. Since the polycondensation reaction of silanol groups due to moisture absorption can be suppressed, the antifogging property (hydrophilicity) of the film surface can be easily maintained.
- the pH of the silica particle dispersion can be measured with a pH meter (for example, manufactured by Denki Kagaku Keiki Co., Ltd., model number: PHL-40).
- the measured pH values were obtained from standard buffers (phthalate pH buffer pH: 4.01 (25°C), neutral phosphate pH buffer pH: 6.86 (25°C), borate pH buffer After three-point calibration using pH: 9.18 (25° C.), the electrode is placed in the dispersion liquid, and the value after 2 minutes or more has elapsed and stabilized is adopted.
- the silica particles in the dispersion may have a zeta potential of -50 to 40 mV, -50 to -11 mV, or 11 to 40 mV.
- the silica particles tend to repel each other in the dispersion liquid, making it easier to suppress aggregation of the silica particles.
- Anti-fogging property is improved when applied to
- the zeta potential of silica particles can be measured with a zeta potential measuring instrument (for example, manufactured by Beckman Coulter, model number: Coulter Delsa 440).
- a zeta potential measuring instrument for example, manufactured by Beckman Coulter, model number: Coulter Delsa 440.
- pure water is added to a silica particle dispersion liquid so that the concentration of silica particles is 5 ppm based on the total amount of the test liquid, and a test liquid in which the silica particles are dispersed by ultrasonic treatment is prepared. .
- the test solution is placed in a measuring cell with platinum electrodes attached on both sides, and a voltage of 10 V is applied to both electrodes, the charged silica particles migrate to the electrode side with the opposite polarity to the charge.
- the zeta potential can be calculated from the moving speed of charged silica particles.
- the raw material for silica particles may be water glass or alkoxysilane.
- the step of producing silica particles includes, for example, heating and concentrating sodium silicate by a hydrothermal synthesis method to produce silica particles.
- the silica particles may be produced by producing aggregates with a three-dimensional network structure in a state in which the growth of the primary particles is suppressed at an acidic pH, and then pulverizing them. It may also be produced by accelerating growth to produce block-like aggregates, which are then pulverized.
- the step of producing silica particles is, for example, sol-gel synthesis of alkoxysilane to produce silica particles.
- the silica particles may be produced by promoting the hydrolysis reaction of the alkoxysilane, then promoting the polycondensation reaction to obtain a gel, and then removing the solvent by heat treatment to obtain the gel. After that, the solvent may be replaced with a predetermined solvent.
- PL-1-IPA PL-1-TOL
- PL-2L-PGME PL-2L-MEK
- PL-2L PL-3
- PL-4 PL-5, PL-1H, PL-3H, PL-5H, BS-2L, BS-3L, BS-5L, HL-2L, HL-3L, HL-4L, PL-3-C, PL-3-D
- TCSOL800 manufactured by Tama Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.; SI-550 and the like.
- the content of silica particles is 0.05% by mass or more, 0.1% by mass or more, 0.2% by mass or more, and 0.5% by mass, based on the total amount of the antifogging agent. Above, 0.9 mass % or more, or 1 mass % or more may be sufficient.
- the content of the silica particles is 20% by mass or less based on the total amount of the antifogging agent, from the viewpoint of suppressing the polycondensation reaction of the silanol groups between the silica particles and making it easier to maintain the antifogging property (hydrophilicity). It may be 15% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less, 8% by mass or less, or 5% by mass or less. From these points of view, the content of silica particles may be 0.1 to 20% by mass, or 1 to 10% by mass, based on the total amount of the antifogging agent.
- the solvent may be a liquid medium that disperses the silica particles and dissolves the binder compound and the silane coupling agent in the antifogging agent.
- Organic solvents include methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), 1-butyl alcohol, 2-butyl alcohol, isobutyl alcohol, diacetone alcohol, 1-butoxy-2-propanol, 1-hexanol, 1 - alcohols such as octanol, 2-octanol, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol; glycols such as polyethylene glycol; ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether, ethylene glycol mono butyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-tert-butyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol n-propyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether and other glycol ethers; acetone, methyl ethyl alcohol, 1-propanol, isopropyl alcohol (IPA), 1-butyl alcohol,
- the content of water is 2% by mass or more, 3% by mass or more, 4% by mass or more, 6% by mass or more, 8% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, 12% by mass or more, or 15% by mass, based on the total amount of the solvent. may be 30% by mass or less, 25% by mass or less, 20% by mass or less, 18% by mass or less, 16% by mass or less, 14% by mass or less, 12% by mass or less, or 10% by mass or less There may be.
- the content of the organic solvent may be 60% by mass or more, 70% by mass or more, 73% by mass or more, 75% by mass or more, or 80% by mass or more, 98% by mass or less, It may be 97% by mass or less, 96% by mass or less, 82% by mass or less, 81% by mass or less, or 80% by mass or less.
- the content of alcohols is 5% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, 13% by mass or more, 15% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, 30% by mass or more, 40% by mass or more, 50% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the solvent.
- the content of glycol ethers is, based on the total amount of the solvent, 2% by mass or more, 3% by mass or more, 4% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, 30% by mass or more, 40% by mass or more, Or it may be 50% by mass or more, 70% by mass or less, 65% by mass or less, 60% by mass or less, 55% by mass or less, 45% by mass or less, 35% by mass or less, 25% by mass or less, 15% by mass or less , or 10% by mass or less.
- the content of IPA is 4% by mass or more, 6% by mass or more, 8% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, 30% by mass or more, 40% by mass or more, 50% by mass, based on the total amount of the solvent % or more, or 60% by mass or more, 80% by mass or less, 75% by mass or less, 70% by mass or less, 65% by mass or less, 55% by mass or less, 45% by mass or less, 35% by mass or less, 25% by mass or less % by mass or less, 15% by mass or less, or 10% by mass or less.
- the content of 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol is 1% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, 15% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, or 30% by mass, based on the total amount of the solvent. % or more, 40% by mass or more, 50% by mass or more, or 60% by mass or more, 75% by mass or less, 70% by mass or less, 66% by mass or less, 55% by mass or less, 45% by mass or less, 35 % by mass or less, 25% by mass or less, or 15% by mass or less.
- the content of ethylene glycol monopropyl ether is 0.1% by mass or more, 0.5% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, 2% by mass or more, 3% by mass or more, 4% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the solvent. , or may be 5% by mass or more, 20% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less, 7% by mass or less, 5% by mass or less, 4% by mass or less, 3% by mass or less, 2% by mass or less, or 1% by mass % or less.
- the content of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether is, based on the total amount of the solvent, 0.5% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, 1.5% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, 20% by mass or more, 30% by mass or more, 40% by mass or more, or 50% by mass or more, 70% by mass or less, 65% by mass or less, 60% by mass or less, 55% by mass or less, 45% by mass or less, 35% by mass or less , 25% by mass or less, 15% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less, or 5% by mass or less.
- the content of 1,2-dimethoxyethane is 0.1% by mass or more, 0.2% by mass or more, 0.4% by mass or more, 1% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, or It may be 10% by mass or more, 40% by mass or less, 30% by mass or less, 20% by mass or less, 15% by mass or less, 10% by mass or less, 5% by mass or less, or 1% by mass or less. .
- the content of the solvent may be 90% by mass or more, 93% by mass or more, 95% by mass or more, 97% by mass or more, or 97.5% by mass or more, based on the total amount of the antifogging agent. It may be 5% by mass or less, 98% by mass or less, or 97.8% by mass or less.
- the antifog agent may further contain a binder compound.
- the binder compound refers to a compound that binds to silica particles and cross-links to improve the strength of the antifogging film.
- the binder compound may have one or more functional groups that react with the functional groups of the silane coupling agent.
- Binder compounds include epoxy compounds, polyvinyl alcohol, modified polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylic acid, acrylic resins, epoxy resins, urethane resins, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyvinylpyrrolidone vinyl acetate copolymers (vinyl acetate pyrrolidone copolymers), and polyamine resins. , cellulose, dextrin, cellulose nanofibers, silicate oligomers, silicate polymers, and the like.
- the binder compound may be an epoxy compound from the viewpoint of excellent anti-fogging properties of the anti-fogging film.
- epoxy compounds include ethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, diethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polyethylene glycol diglycidyl ether, propylene glycol diglycidyl ether, polypropylene glycol diglycidyl ether and the like.
- Silane oligomers include Ethyl Silicate 40, Ethyl Silicate 48, EMS-485, Methyl Silicate 51, Methyl Silicate 53A, Colcoat PX, and Colcoat N-103X (manufactured by Colcoat Co., Ltd.).
- the content of the binder compound is 0.1 parts by mass or more, 0.5 parts by mass or more, or 1 part by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica particles, from the viewpoint of more excellent water resistance and moisture resistance of the antifogging film. 1000 parts by mass or less, 500 parts by mass or less, or 100 parts by mass or less.
- the content of the binder compound is 0.1 to 1000 parts by mass, 0.5 to 500 parts by mass, or 1 to 100 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica particles, from the viewpoint of more excellent water resistance and moisture resistance of the antifogging film. It may be 100 parts by mass.
- the content of the binder compound is 1% by mass or more, 3% by mass or more, or 5% by mass or more, based on the total solid content of the antifogging agent, from the viewpoint of more excellent water resistance and moisture resistance of the antifogging film. 30% by mass or less, 20% by mass or less, or 10% by mass or less.
- the content of the binder compound is 1 to 30% by mass, 3 to 20% by mass, or 5 to 10% by mass, based on the total solid content of the antifogging agent, from the viewpoint of better water resistance and moisture resistance of the antifogging film. % by mass.
- the antifog agent may further contain a silane coupling agent.
- the silane coupling agent may be an acid anhydride or a dicarboxylic acid compound. That is, the antifog agent may further contain a silane coupling agent having an acid anhydride group or two carboxy groups.
- the silane coupling agent that is an acid anhydride may be, for example, a silane coupling agent represented by general formula (1).
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1-6 carbon atoms, and a represents an integer of 1-10.
- R 11 , R 12 and R 13 may be a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group or a butyl group.
- a may be an integer from 1-8, 1-5, or 1-3.
- the silane coupling agent that is a dicarboxylic acid compound may be, for example, a silane coupling agent represented by general formula (2).
- R 21 , R 22 , R 23 and R 24 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- b and c each independently represent an integer of 0 to 10. show.
- R21 , R22 , R23 and R24 may be a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- b and c may each independently be an integer of 0-8, 0-5, or 0-3.
- the anti-fog agent is a silane coupling agent other than an acid anhydride silane coupling agent and a dicarboxylic acid compound silane coupling agent (hereinafter, this silane coupling agent is also referred to as "silane coupling agent A"). It may be contained further.
- Silane coupling agent A may be, for example, a compound represented by general formula (3).
- R 31 represents a monovalent organic group
- R 32 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms
- d represents an integer of 0 to 2
- a plurality of R 32 may be the same or different.
- R 31 examples include a C1-C30 branched or straight-chain alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a C3-C10 cycloalkyl group, a C6-C10 aryl group, an epoxy group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an amino group, and a ureido. groups, isocyanate groups, isocyanurate groups, mercapto groups, and fluoro groups.
- Silane coupling agents having a C1 to C30 branched or linear alkyl group include methyltrimethoxysilane (such as KBM-13 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), ethyltrimethoxysilane, and propyltrimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. Co., Ltd. KBM-3033, etc.), butyltrimethoxysilane, pentyltrimethoxysilane, hexyltrimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- KBM-3063, etc. heptyltrimethoxysilane, octyltrimethoxysilane, nonyltrimethoxysilane , decyltrimethoxysilane (KBM-3103C manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), undecyltrimethoxysilane, dodecyltrimethoxysilane, tetradecyltrimethoxysilane, stearyltrimethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- nonyltriethoxysilane decyltriethoxysilane, undecyltriethoxysilane, dodecyltriethoxysilane, tetra decyltriethoxysilane, stearyltriethoxysilane, and the like.
- silane coupling agent having an alkenyl group examples include vinyltrimethoxysilane (KBM-1003 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), vinyltriethoxysilane (KBE-1003 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), allyltrimethoxysilane, and allyltriethoxysilane.
- Silane coupling agents having a C6-C10 aryl group include phenyltrimethoxysilane (KBM-103, KBM-202SS, KBE-103, KBE-202, etc. manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), p-styryltrimethoxysilane. (KBM-1403 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and the like.
- Silane coupling agents having an epoxy group include 3-glycidyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBM-403, etc.), 8-glycidoxyoctyltrimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBM- 4803 etc.), 3-glycidyloxypropyltriethoxysilane (KBE-403 etc. manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), KBE-402, X-12-981S, X-12-984S (all trade names, Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. manufactured by the company).
- Silane coupling agents having an acryloyl group include 3-acryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBM-5103, etc.), X-12-1048, X-12-1050 (both trade names, Shin-Etsu manufactured by Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd.).
- Silane coupling agents having a methacryloyl group include 3-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBM-503, etc.), 8-methacryloxyoctyltrimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBM-5803 etc.), 3-methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBE-503, etc.), 3-methacryloxypropylmethyldimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBM-502, etc.), 3-methacryloxypropyl Examples thereof include methyldiethoxysilane (KBE-502 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., etc.).
- Silane coupling agents having an amino group include 3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (such as KBM-903 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (such as KBE-903 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). , N-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBM-603, etc.), N-2-(aminoethyl)-8-aminooctyltrimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- KBM-6803, etc. N-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBE-603, etc.), N-phenyl-3-aminopropyltrimethoxysilane ( Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBM-573, etc.), N-2-(aminoethyl)-3-aminopropylmethyldimethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd. KBM-602, etc.), N-2-(aminoethyl)- 3-aminopropylmethyldiethoxysilane (Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Silane coupling agents having a ureido group include 3-ureidopropyltriethoxysilane (KBE-585A manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., etc.).
- silane coupling agent having an isocyanate group examples include 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane (KBE-9007 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), X-12-1159L (trade name, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.), and the like. be done.
- Silane coupling agents having an isocyanurate group include tris-(3-trimethoxysilylpropyl) isocyanurate (KBM-9659 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., etc.).
- Silane coupling agents having a mercapto group include 3-mercaptopropyltrimethoxysilane (KBM-803 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.) and 3-mercaptopropylmethyldimethoxysilane (KBM-802 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.). , X-12-1154, X-12-1156 (trade name, manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- Silane coupling agents having a fluoro group include 3,3,3-trifluoropropyltrimethoxysilane (KBM-7103 manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd., etc.).
- Silane coupling agent A may be a silane coupling agent having a polyether group, or may be a compound represented by general formula (4).
- R 41 , R 42 , R 43 and R 44 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- L 41 and L 42 each independently represent 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
- 6 and f represents an integer of 3-25.
- R 41 , R 42 , R 43 and R 44 may be methyl, ethyl, propyl or butyl groups.
- L 41 and L 42 may be an ethylene group, a propylene group, or a butylene group.
- f may be 10-20, or 11-15.
- Examples of the polyether silane represented by the general formula (4) include A1230 (manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Co., Ltd.) and X-12-641 (manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.).
- the content of the silane coupling agent may be 10 parts by mass or more, 15 parts by mass or more, or 20 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica particles, from the viewpoint of excellent fogging resistance of the antifogging film. , 50 parts by mass or less, 30 parts by mass or less, or 20 parts by mass or less.
- the content of the silane coupling agent may be 10 to 50 parts by mass, or 15 to 30 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica particles.
- the content of the silane coupling agent is 1% by mass or more, 5% by mass or more, or 10% by mass or more based on the total solid content of the antifogging agent, from the viewpoint of excellent fogging resistance of the antifogging film. 30% by mass or less, 20% by mass or less, or 15% by mass or less.
- the content of the silane coupling agent may be 1 to 30% by mass, or 10 to 15% by mass, based on the total solid content of the antifogging agent.
- the binder compound and the silane coupling agent which is an acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid compound
- the binder compound and the silane coupling agent which is an acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid compound
- a synthetic product with a certain silane coupling agent hereinafter, this synthetic product is also referred to as “composite A”
- the antifogging agent may further contain the compound A instead of the binder compound and the silane coupling agent that is an acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid compound, and the binder compound and the acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid compound Compound A may also be included along with some silane coupling agents.
- compound A is determined according to the type of binder compound and the type of silane coupling agent.
- Compound A may contain, for example, a compound represented by general formula (5) or general formula (6).
- Synthetic product A may contain a condensate of the compound represented by the general formula (5), may contain a condensate of the compound represented by the general formula (6), the general formula (5) Alternatively, it may contain a condensate of a compound represented by general formula (6) and a silane coupling agent that is an acid anhydride or a dicarboxylic acid compound.
- R 51 , R 52 and R 53 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 54 and R 55 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or 1 represents a valent organic group
- g represents an integer of 1-10.
- R 51 , R 52 and R 53 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- R 54 and R 55 may each independently be a hydrogen atom or a structure represented by general formula (7).
- g may be an integer from 1-8, 1-5, or 1-3.
- R 61 , R 62 , R 63 and R 64 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms
- R 65 and R 66 each independently represent a hydrogen atom , or a monovalent organic group
- h and i each independently represent an integer of 0 to 10.
- R 61 , R 62 , R 63 and R 64 may each independently be a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group.
- R 65 and R 66 may each independently be a hydrogen atom or a structure derived from a binder compound.
- h and i may each independently be an integer of 0-8, 0-5, or 0-3.
- R 65 and R 66 may each be a hydrogen atom or a structure derived from an epoxy compound.
- R 65 and/or R 66 may be a structure having an ethylene glycol chain, propylene glycol chain, sorbitol chain, or glycerol chain. , an epoxy group, a glycidyl group, or a diol group.
- Synthetic product A can be prepared, for example, by stirring a binder compound and a silane coupling agent that is an acid anhydride or dicarboxylic acid compound in an environment of 40 to 80° C. for 0.5 to 3 hours. .
- the mixing ratio of the binder compound and the silane coupling agent A may be 1 to 200 parts by mass or 10 to 30 parts by mass of the silane coupling agent A per 100 parts by mass of the binder compound.
- the conditions for synthesizing Compound A can be adjusted, for example, by changing the peak position that can be confirmed in the IR chart.
- the silane coupling agent A is an acid anhydride
- the peaks at 1780 cm -1 and 1850 cm -1 which are the peaks of the acid anhydride group, are the IR chart after synthesis. It is possible to confirm the progress of the synthesis reaction by disappearance at . In addition, it can be confirmed that a compound having an ester group is obtained by generating a peak at 1735 cm ⁇ 1 in the IR chart after synthesis.
- the binder compound is an epoxy compound
- the progress of the synthesis reaction can be confirmed by the decrease in the peak at 910 cm ⁇ 1 , which is the peak of the epoxy group that can be confirmed before the synthesis in the IR chart.
- the content of the compound A is 10 parts by mass or more, 15 parts by mass or more, or 20 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica particles, from the viewpoint of more excellent water resistance and moisture resistance of the antifogging film. may be 50 parts by mass or less, 40 parts by mass or less, or 30 parts by mass or less. The content of the compound A may be 10 to 50 parts by weight, or 20 to 30 parts by weight with respect to 100 parts by weight of silica particles.
- the content of the compound A is 50 parts by mass or more, 80 parts by mass or more, or 100 parts by mass or more with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silane coupling agent, from the viewpoint of more excellent water resistance and moisture resistance of the antifogging film. 300 parts by mass or less, 200 parts by mass or less, or 150 parts by mass or less.
- the content of the compound A may be 50 to 300 parts by mass, or 100 to 150 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silane coupling agent.
- the content of the composition A is 5% by mass or more, 10% by mass or more, or 15% by mass or more, based on the total solid content of the antifogging agent, from the viewpoint of more excellent water resistance and moisture resistance of the antifogging film. may be 40% by mass or less, 25% by mass or less, or 20% by mass or less.
- the content of compound A may be 5 to 40% by weight, or 15 to 20% by weight, based on the total solid content of the antifog agent.
- the antifog agent may further contain a metal catalyst.
- the metal catalyst functions as a bonding promoting material, and the inclusion of the metal catalyst in the antifogging agent makes it easier to form an antifogging film with excellent moisture resistance and water resistance.
- the metal catalyst is not particularly limited and can be selected from known metal catalysts.
- metal catalysts include zirconium compounds, titanium compounds, nickel compounds, aluminum compounds, tin compounds and the like.
- zirconium compounds include zirconium tetrakis(acetylacetonate), zirconium bis(butoxy)bis(acetylacetonate), and the like.
- titanium compounds examples include titanium tetrakis(acetylacetonate) and titanium bis(butoxy)bis(acetylacetonate).
- nickel compounds examples include CR12 (manufactured by Momentive Performance Materials Japan) and Ni(AcAc) 2 .
- aluminum compounds include aluminum bis(ethylacetoacetate) mono(acetylacetonate), aluminum tris(acetylacetonate), and aluminum ethylacetoacetate diisopropylate.
- tin compounds include dibutyltin diacetate, dibutyltin dilaurate, and dibutyltin dioctiate.
- the metal catalyst may be a zirconium compound, a titanium compound, an aluminum compound, or a nickel compound from the viewpoint of improving the moisture resistance and water resistance of the antifogging film.
- the antifogging agent has more bonding points with silica particles (for example, colloidal silica), resulting in stronger bonding. becomes easier to form.
- the metal catalyst may be a commercially available product.
- ZC-150 manufactured by Matsumoto Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.
- TC-310 manufactured by Matsumoto Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.
- Ti-M manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.
- nickel compound examples include acetylacetone nickel (II) hydrate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.).
- the content of the metal catalyst is 0.01 parts by mass or more, 0.05 parts by mass or more, and 0.1 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica particles, from the viewpoint of more excellent moisture resistance and water resistance of the antifogging film. or more, and may be 5 parts by mass or less, 2 parts by mass or less, or 1.5 parts by mass or less.
- the content of the metal catalyst may be 0.01 to 5 parts by mass, or 0.05 to 2 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the silica particles, from the viewpoint of better moisture resistance and water resistance of the antifogging film. parts, or 0.1 to 1.5 parts by mass.
- the content of the metal catalyst is 0.001% by mass or more, 0.005% by mass or more, or 0.01% by mass, based on the total amount of the antifogging agent, from the viewpoint of more excellent water resistance and moisture resistance of the antifogging film. % or more, and may be 5% by mass or less, 3% by mass or less, or 1.5% by mass or less.
- the content of the metal catalyst may be 0.005 to 5% by weight, or 0.01 to 1.5% by weight, based on the total amount of the antifog agent.
- the anti-fogging agent of the present embodiment is at least one additive selected from the group consisting of organic phosphoric acid esters having a branched structure and organic sulfonates having a branched structure, from the viewpoint of excellent anti-fogging properties of the anti-fogging film.
- the organic phosphate ester may have a branched structure in the ester portion.
- the branched structure may be a branched alkyl group.
- R 41 represents an organic group having a branched structure.
- R 41 may be a branched alkyl group having 1 to 15 carbon atoms.
- Compounds represented by general formula (AD-1) include trisethylhexyl phosphate.
- Organic sulfonates having a branched structure include, for example, compounds represented by the following general formula (AD-2).
- AD-2 compounds represented by the following general formula (AD-2).
- R 51 ⁇ S( O) 2 O ⁇ ⁇ M + (AD-2)
- R 51 represents an organic group having a branched structure
- M represents a metal atom such as Na.
- Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (AD-2) include sulfosuccinic acid diester salts such as sodium di-2-ethylhexylsulfosuccinate and alkylbenzenesulfonates such as sodium alkyl(C12-14)benzenesulfonate.
- the content of the additive may be 0.1 to 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the silica particles from the viewpoint of excellent anti-fogging properties of the antifogging film.
- the antifog agent may further contain acetic acid or a salt thereof.
- the total content of acetic acid and its salts may be 1 to 50 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of silica particles, from the viewpoint of pH adjustment of the solution and properties such as water resistance of the antifogging film. It may be up to 30 parts by mass, or may be 5 to 20 parts by mass.
- Anti-fogging agents may contain additives such as antioxidants, UV absorbers, and light stabilizers.
- Antifogging agents include acetic acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, nitric acid, phosphoric acid, p-toluenesulfonic acid sulfate, benzenesulfonic acid, methanesulfonic acid, phenol Sulfonic acid, oxalic acid, maleic acid, malonic acid, tartaric acid, citric acid, malic acid, acetic acid, lactic acid, succinic acid, benzoic acid, ammonia, urea, imidazole, sodium carbonate, calcium carbonate, sodium acetate, and the like may be included. From the viewpoint of adjusting the viscosity of the antifogging agent, the antifogging agent may contain a thickener.
- the anti-fogging agent may be non-surfactant.
- non-surfactant system is meant that the content of surfactant, known as a component of the antifogging agent, is 1% by weight or less, based on the total solid content of the antifogging agent.
- the antifogging agent may contain no surfactant (the content of the surfactant may be substantially 0% by weight based on the total solid content of the antifogging agent).
- surfactants include surfactants such as anionic surfactants, cationic surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and amphoteric surfactants.
- the anti-fogging agent according to the present embodiment when measuring the contact angle using a contact angle meter according to the following condition A, from the contact angle measured from the lapse of 50 seconds to the lapse of 100 seconds and the elapsed time
- the regression coefficient ⁇ 50-100 of the obtained regression line is smaller than zero.
- Condition A In an environment of 25°C and 65% RH, drop 0.5 ⁇ L of the antifogging agent onto the PTFE substrate, and the contact angle is measured every 5 seconds, with the moment when the antifogging agent comes into contact with the PTFE substrate as 0 seconds. to measure.
- contact angle meter and the PTFE base material used when measuring the contact angle those described in Examples below can be used.
- an antifogging film with sufficiently low wettability unevenness can be formed.
- an antifogging film having sufficiently low wettability unevenness can be formed, so that an antifogging film having excellent antifogging properties can be easily formed.
- the regression coefficient (slope) of the above regression line means the rate of change in the contact angle in a specific measurement interval
- the regression coefficient of the regression line can be calculated by the method of least squares.
- the regression coefficient ⁇ 50 to 100 of the regression line obtained from the contact angle measured from 50 seconds to 100 seconds elapsed and the elapsed time is the contact angle ⁇ 50 after 50 seconds, 55 seconds after The contact angle ⁇ 55 at 60 seconds, the contact angle ⁇ 60 at 60 seconds, and the contact angle ⁇ 100 at 100 seconds.
- regression line means the regression coefficient a of the regression line represented by the regression coefficient (slope)
- b intercept of the regression line
- the regression coefficient a is calculated by the least squares method from the above 11 contact angle measurement results .
- the regression coefficient ⁇ T1 to T2 of the regression line in the specific measurement interval T1 to T2 is determined by the following conditions ( In addition to A-1), one or more of the following conditions (A-2) to (A-4) may be satisfied.
- the condition (A-2) the regression coefficient ⁇ 150 to 300 of the regression line was calculated by the least squares method from 31 contact angles measured from the time of 150 seconds to the time of 300 seconds, and the condition ( For A-3), the regression coefficient ⁇ 10 to 50 of the regression line was calculated by the least squares method from the nine contact angles measured from 10 seconds to 50 seconds, and condition (A-4).
- the regression coefficients ⁇ 10 to 300 of the regression line are calculated by the method of least squares from 59 contact angles measured from 10 seconds to 300 seconds.
- the regression coefficients ⁇ T1 to T2 of the regression line are ⁇ 0.01 or less, ⁇ 0.02 or less, or ⁇ 0.03 or less from the viewpoint of making it easier to form an antifogging film with sufficiently low wettability unevenness. may be -0.5 or more, -0.4 or more, -0.3 or more, -0.2 or more, or -0.1 or more. At least one of the regression coefficients ⁇ 50-100 , ⁇ 150-300 , ⁇ 10-50 , and ⁇ 10-300 of the regression line may satisfy the above range.
- the contact angle ⁇ 75 after 75 seconds is , ⁇ 50 > ⁇ 75 > ⁇ 100 .
- the antifogging agent has a contact angle of ⁇ 60 > The relationship ⁇ 60 > ⁇ 70 > ⁇ 80 > ⁇ 90 > ⁇ 100 may be satisfied.
- the contact angle ⁇ T1 and The contact angle ⁇ T2 (where 10 ⁇ T1 ⁇ T2 ⁇ 300) after T2 seconds have passed may satisfy ⁇ T1 > ⁇ T2 .
- the antifog agent may satisfy the relationship ⁇ 150 > ⁇ 300 when T1 is 150 seconds and T2 is 300 seconds.
- the antifog agent may satisfy the relationship ⁇ 10 > ⁇ 50 when T1 is 10 seconds and T2 is 50 seconds.
- the antifog agent may satisfy the relationship ⁇ 10 > ⁇ 300 when T1 is 10 seconds and T2 is 300 seconds.
- the anti-fogging agent may have a surface tension of 30 mN/m or less as measured by the pendant drop method from the viewpoint of making it easier to form an anti-fogging film with sufficiently little unevenness in wettability.
- the surface tension may be 20 mN/m or more. Specifically, the surface tension can be measured by the method described in Examples below.
- the antifogging agent according to this embodiment can be used for antifogging of a vehicle lamp structure.
- the anti-fogging method of the vehicle lamp structure includes, for example, a step of applying an anti-fog agent to the inner surface of the lens provided in the vehicle lamp structure to form a coating film (coating step), and a step of drying the coating film. (Drying step).
- a cleaning step may be further provided for the purpose of removing the release agent adhering to the surface of the lens.
- the cleaning liquid used in the cleaning step is not particularly limited.
- the surface base material in the lens included in the vehicle lamp structure is polycarbonate
- any liquid that does not dissolve the polycarbonate base material may be used, such as water or alcohols. More specifically, it may be water, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, ethanol, or the like.
- the cleaning step may comprise wiping the substrate with a cloth or the like impregnated with the cleaning liquid.
- the coating step is, for example, a step of applying an anti-fogging agent to the inner surface of the lens provided in the vehicle lamp structure. You may
- the method of applying the antifogging agent is not particularly limited, and may be, for example, spin coating, dip coating, spray coating, flow coating, bar coating, gravure coating, or the like.
- the anti-fogging agent may be impregnated into a cloth or the like and applied.
- the method of applying the anti-fogging agent is the spray coating method from the viewpoints of easy formation of a coating film of uniform thickness even on uneven surfaces to be treated, high productivity, and high usage efficiency of the anti-fogging agent. may These methods may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the coating amount is not limited because it depends on the components of the antifogging agent, its content, etc., but it may be, for example, 10 ⁇ 9 to 10 3 g/m 2 .
- the temperature of the antifogging agent used in the coating process may be, for example, 1 to 50°C or 10 to 30°C.
- the treatment time with the antifog agent may be, for example, 1 second to 1 hour, or 5 to 30 minutes.
- the drying step may be a step of volatilizing the solvent from the antifogging agent after applying the antifogging agent.
- the solvent can be volatilized by leaving it at room temperature (for example, 20° C.).
- room temperature for example, 20° C.
- the temperature of the drying process can be adjusted according to the heat resistance temperature of the lens, and may be, for example, 5 to 300°C or 10 to 200°C. When the temperature is 5° C. or higher, adhesion can be further improved, and when the temperature is 300° C. or lower, deterioration due to heat can be further suppressed.
- the drying time can be from 30 seconds to 150 hours. By this step, an antifogging film containing silica particles is formed on the inner surface of the lens.
- the thickness of the antifogging film is not particularly limited, but may be 1 nm to 1000 ⁇ m, 5 nm to 10 ⁇ m, or 10 nm to 1 ⁇ m from the viewpoint of transparency, antifogging properties, and the like.
- the film thickness of the anti-fogging film can be measured, for example, with a non-contact film thickness gauge Optical Nano Gauge C13027 (manufactured by Hamamatsu Photonics Co., Ltd.).
- the water contact angle of the antifogging film can be 40° or less with respect to 1 ⁇ L of ultrapure water droplet, and from the viewpoint of excellent antifogging properties, it may be 20° or less or 10° or less.
- the water contact angle can be calculated from the average value of 10 measurements using a contact angle meter.
- the visible light transmittance of the antifogging film may be 85% or more, 90% or more, or 95% or more. When the visible light transmittance of the antifogging film is 85% or more, the brightness of the vehicle lamp can be maintained sufficiently high.
- the visible light transmittance of the antifogging film can be measured, for example, with a U-3500 type self-recording spectrophotometer (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.).
- the haze of the antifogging film may be 6.0 or less, 3.0 or less, or 1.0 or less. When the haze of the antifogging film is 6.0 or less, the brightness of the vehicle lamp can be maintained sufficiently high.
- the haze of the antifogging film can be measured, for example, with a haze meter (NDH2000, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.).
- the YI of the antifogging film may be 4.0 or less, 3.0 or less, or 1.5 or less.
- the YI of the antifogging film can be measured, for example, with a chromaticity meter (300A, manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.).
- FIG. 1 is a diagram schematically showing a vehicle lamp structure.
- the inner surface of the lens of the vehicle lamp structure is subjected to antifogging treatment using the antifogging agent according to the present embodiment. That is, the vehicle lamp structure has an antifogging film formed from an antifogging agent on the inner surface of the lens.
- a lamp structure 10 shown in FIG. 1 includes a lamp housing 3 configured in a concave shape with one side open, and a lens 1 closing the open side of the lamp housing 3 .
- the material of the lens 1 is polycarbonate, for example.
- a lamp chamber S is formed by the lamp housing 3 and the lens 1 .
- a light source 4 arranged in a lamp chamber S is attached to the lamp housing 3 .
- an incandescent bulb, an LED bulb, a halogen bulb, or the like is appropriately adopted.
- a reflector 5 functioning as a reflector for the light from the light source 4 may be provided so as to surround the light source 4 from behind.
- An inner surface of the lens 1, that is, a surface facing the lamp chamber S, is provided with an antifogging film 2 made of the antifogging agent.
- the anti-fogging film 2 may be provided on the entire inner surface of the lens 1, or may be selectively provided on a part thereof as shown in FIG. According to the lamp structure 10, for example, even when a rubber cover or the like is provided around and/or behind the light source 4, the antifogging film 2 has sufficient antifogging properties over a long period of time. be able to.
- the present disclosure includes the following ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 5>.
- ⁇ 1> An antifogging agent containing silica particles and a solvent, When the contact angle is measured using a contact angle meter according to the following condition A, the regression coefficient ⁇ 50 of the regression line obtained from the contact angle measured from the time of 50 seconds to the time of 100 seconds and the elapsed time ⁇ 100 is less than 0 antifogging agent.
- Condition A 0.5 ⁇ L of the anti-fogging agent is dropped onto the PTFE substrate in an environment of 25° C. and 65% RH, and the moment when the anti-fogging agent contacts the PTFE substrate is defined as 0 second, and every 5 seconds. Measure the contact angle.
- ⁇ 2> The antifogging agent according to ⁇ 1>, which has a surface tension of 30 mN/m or less as measured by the pendant drop method.
- ⁇ 3> The antifogging agent according to ⁇ 1> or ⁇ 2>, wherein the content of the solvent is 90% by mass or more based on the total amount of the antifogging agent.
- ⁇ 4> A step of applying the anti-fogging agent according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3> to the inner surface of the lens of the vehicle lamp structure to form a coating film; and drying the coating film.
- ⁇ 5> A vehicle lamp structure comprising an antifogging film formed from the antifogging agent according to any one of ⁇ 1> to ⁇ 3> on the inner surface of the lens.
- Example 1 ⁇ Production of anti-fogging agent> (Example 1) 10.0 g of ST-OUP (manufactured by Nissan Chemical Co., Ltd., 15% by mass), which is a water-dispersed silica sol, 1.5 g of 10% by mass acetic acid aqueous solution, and 10 of a silane coupling agent (manufactured by Momentive, trade name: A1230).
- IPA solution 3.0 g by mass of IPA solution, 3.75 g of 10% by mass IPA solution of Synthesis 1, 10.0 g of water, and 1% by mass of a metal catalyst (manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name: Al-M) 1.5 g of IPA solution was mixed and stirred for 2 hours to obtain a mother liquor.
- a metal catalyst manufactured by Kawaken Fine Chemicals Co., Ltd., trade name: Al-M
- water 5.8 g, IPA 4.8 g, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether 55.9 g, ethylene glycol monopropyl ether 0.9 g, 3-methoxy-3-methyl-1-butanol 1.1 g, 1.7 g of 1,2-dimethoxyethane was mixed to obtain a diluted solution.
- a coating liquid was prepared by mixing the mother liquid and the diluted liquid.
- Examples 2-6, Comparative Examples 1-4 A coating liquid was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the blending amount was changed as shown in Table 1 (unit: g). "-" in the table means that the amount is 0.
- the regression coefficient ⁇ 50 to 100 of the regression line was calculated from the contact angle measured until, and the regression coefficient ⁇ 150 to 300 of the regression line was calculated from the contact angle measured from the time 150 seconds to 300 seconds. .
- the surface tension of the coating liquid was measured by the pendant drop method using a contact angle meter (LSE-100TW manufactured by Nick Co., Ltd.).
- the amount of the hanging drop (pendant drop) is 5 to 7 ⁇ L, and the surface tension is measured from the shape of the hanging drop every second using the software attached to the contact angle meter, and the average value of the surface tension measured for 20 seconds is applied. It was taken as the surface tension of the liquid.
- the specific gravity of the coating liquid was measured with a portable density hydrometer DA-130N (manufactured by Kyoto Electronics Industry).
- anti-fogging index (anti-fogging index) Using the apparatus shown in FIG. 5, images for antifogging property evaluation and reference images were obtained under the following photographing conditions. Using the obtained evaluation image and reference image, the antifogging index AFI was calculated by the calculation method shown below.
- SYMBOLS 1 Lens, 2... Anti-fog film, 3... Lamp housing, 4... Light source, 5... Reflector, S... Lamp chamber, 10... Lamp structure, 20... Test apparatus, 30... Sample image, 40... Digital camera, 50 ... test material, 60 ... water.
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Abstract
Description
条件A:25℃、65%RH環境下で、PTFE基材上に防曇剤を0.5μL滴下し、防曇剤がPTFE基材に接触した瞬間を0秒として、5秒毎に接触角を測定する。
本実施形態の防曇剤は、シリカ粒子と、溶媒と、を含有する。
シリカ粒子の形状は特に制限されない。シリカ粒子の形状としては、例えば、数珠状(パールネックレス状)、鎖状、球状、繭型、会合型、金平糖型が挙げられる。シリカ粒子の形状は、耐湿性及び耐水性の観点から、数珠状(パールネックレス状)又は鎖状であってもよい。シリカ粒子は、コロイダルシリカであってもよい。
[2]0.1mol/L塩酸でpHを3.0~3.5に調整し、このときの容器の質量(Y[g])を測定し、液体の総質量(Y-X[g])を求める。
[3]上記[2]で得られた質量の1/10にあたる量((Y-X)/10[g])の液体を別の容器に量りとる。この段階で液体に含まれるシリカ粒子(A[g])は1.5gである。
[4]量りとった液体に、塩化ナトリウムを30g添加し、更に超純水を添加して全量を150gにする。これを、0.1mol/L水酸化ナトリウム溶液でpHを4.0に調整し、滴定用サンプルとする。
[5]滴定用サンプルに0.1mol/L水酸化ナトリウムをpHが9.0になるまで滴下し、pHが4.0から9.0になるまでに要した水酸化ナトリウム量(B[mol])を求める。
[6]下記式(1A)よりシリカ粒子のシラノール基数を算出する。
ρ=B・NA/A・SBET ・・・(1A)
(式(1A)中、NA[個/mol]はアボガドロ数を示す。SBET[m2/g]はシリカ粒子のBET比表面積を示す。)
溶媒は、防曇剤中にてシリカ粒子の分散、並びに、バインダー化合物及びシランカップリング剤の溶解等を担う液状媒体であってもよい。
防曇剤は、バインダー化合物を更に含有してもよい。本明細書において、バインダー化合物とは、シリカ粒子と結合し、架橋することで防曇膜の強度を向上させる化合物を指す。バインダー化合物は、防曇剤がシランカップリング剤を含有する場合、シランカップリング剤が有する官能基と反応する官能基を1又は2以上有するものであってもよい。バインダー化合物としては、エポキシ化合物、ポリビニルアルコール、変性ポリビニルアルコール、ポリアクリル酸、アクリル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、ウレタン樹脂、ポリビニルピロリドン、ポリビニルピロリドン酢酸ビニル共重合体(酢酸ビニルピロリドン共重合体)、ポリアミン系樹脂、セルロース、デキストリン、セルロースナノファイバー、シリケートオリゴマー、シリケートポリマー等が挙げられる。
防曇剤は、シランカップリング剤を更に含有してもよい。シランカップリング剤としては、酸無水物又はジカルボン酸化合物であってもよい。すなわち、防曇剤は、酸無水物基又は2つのカルボキシ基を有するシランカップリング剤を更に含有してもよい。
防曇剤は、酸無水物であるシランカップリング剤及びジカルボン酸化合物であるシランカップリング剤以外のシランカップリング剤(以下、このシランカップリング剤を「シランカップリング剤A」ともいう)を更に含有してもよい。
防曇剤において、バインダー化合物と、酸無水物又はジカルボン酸化合物であるシランカップリング剤とは、他の成分と混合する前に予め反応させて、バインダー化合物と、酸無水物又はジカルボン酸化合物であるシランカップリング剤との合成物(以下、この合成物を「合成物A」ともいう)としてもよい。すなわち、防曇剤は、バインダー化合物と、酸無水物又はジカルボン酸化合物であるシランカップリング剤に代えて合成物Aを更に含有してもよく、バインダー化合物と、酸無水物又はジカルボン酸化合物であるシランカップリング剤と共に合成物Aを更に含有してもよい。
防曇剤は、金属触媒を更に含有してよい。金属触媒は、結合促進材料として機能し、防曇剤が金属触媒を含有することにより、耐湿性及び耐水性に優れた防曇膜をより形成し易くなる。
本実施形態の防曇剤は、防曇膜の耐フォギング性が優れる観点から、分岐構造を有する有機リン酸エステル及び分岐構造を有する有機スルホン酸塩からなる群より選択される少なくとも一種の添加剤を更に含んでいてもよい。有機リン酸エステルは、エステル部に分岐構造を有してもよい。分岐構造としては、分岐状のアルキル基であってもよい。
P(=O)(OR41)3 …(AD-1)
R51-S(=O)2O-・M+ …(AD-2)
条件A:25℃、65%RH環境下で、PTFE基材上に防曇剤を0.5μL滴下し、防曇剤がPTFE基材に接触した瞬間を0秒として、5秒毎に接触角を測定する。
条件(A-1):Δθ50~100<0
条件(A-2):Δθ150~300<0
条件(A-3):Δθ10~50<0
条件(A-4):Δθ10~300<0
本実施形態に係る防曇剤は、車両用ランプ構造体の防曇に用いることができる。車両用ランプ構造体の防曇方法としては、例えば、車両用ランプ構造体が備えるレンズ内表面に防曇剤を塗布し、塗膜を形成する工程(塗布工程)と、塗膜を乾燥させる工程(乾燥工程)と、を備えてよい。塗布工程に先立ち、レンズの表面に付着している離型剤を除去する目的で洗浄工程を更に備えてもよい。
洗浄工程にて使用する洗浄液は特に限定されない。車両用ランプ構造体が備えるレンズ内の表面基材がポリカーボネートである場合、ポリカーボネート基材を溶かさない液体であればよく、例えば、水、アルコール類等であってもよい。より具体的には、水、イソプロピルアルコール、メタノール、エタノール等であってもよい。洗浄工程は、洗浄液を染み込ませた布等を用いて基材を拭く工程を備えてよい。
塗布工程は、例えば、車両用ランプ構造体が備えるレンズ内表面に防曇剤を塗布する工程であり、防曇剤は、レンズ内表面全体に塗布してもよく、選択的に一部に塗布してもよい。
乾燥工程では、防曇剤を塗布した後、防曇剤から溶媒を揮発させる工程であってもよい。溶媒は、常温(例えば20℃)で放置することで揮発させることができる。乾燥工程は、より高温で実施することにより、レンズ内表面と防曇膜の密着性を更に向上させることができる。乾燥工程の温度は、レンズの耐熱温度に応じて調整することができ、例えば、5~300℃、又は10~200℃であってもよい。温度が5℃以上であることにより、密着性をより向上させることができ、300℃以下であることにより、熱による劣化をより抑制することができる。乾燥時間は30秒間~150時間とすることができる。本工程により、レンズ内表面に、シリカ粒子を含む防曇膜が形成される。
<1>シリカ粒子と、溶媒と、を含有する防曇剤であって、
下記の条件Aに従って接触角計を用いて接触角を測定したときに、50秒経過時から100秒経過時までに測定された接触角と、経過時間とから得られる回帰直線の回帰係数Δθ50~100が、0より小さい、防曇剤。
条件A:25℃、65%RH環境下で、PTFE基材上に前記防曇剤を0.5μL滴下し、前記防曇剤が前記PTFE基材に接触した瞬間を0秒として、5秒毎に接触角を測定する。
<2>ペンダントドロップ法により測定される表面張力が30mN/m以下である、<1>に記載の防曇剤。
<3>前記溶媒の含有量が、前記防曇剤の全量を基準として、90質量%以上である、<1>又は<2>に記載の防曇剤。
<4>車両用ランプ構造体が備えるレンズ内表面に、<1>~<3>のいずれか一つに記載の防曇剤を塗布して塗膜を形成する工程と、
前記塗膜を乾燥させる工程と、を備える車両用ランプ構造体の防曇方法。
<5>レンズ内表面に、<1>~<3>のいずれか一つに記載の防曇剤から形成される防曇膜を備える、車両用ランプ構造体。
(合成物1)
酸無水物であるシランカップリング剤(信越化学株式会社製、商品名:X-12-967C)3.00gと、トリフェニルホスフィン(信越化学工業株式会社製)3.00gを溶解させた2-プロパノールと、をそれぞれ反応器に投入し、60℃にて1時間攪拌した。次いで、エポキシ化合物(ナガセケムテックス株式会社製、商品名:EX830)6.02gを添加し、反応容器中の温度が60℃の状態で約2時間撹拌を続行した後、室温まで冷却し、合成物1を得た。合成物1の合成前後のIRチャートを図2~4に示す。図2~4から、合成前のIRチャートにおける酸無水物基のピークである1780cm-1、及び1850cm-1のピークの消失、及びエポキシ基のピークである910cm-1のピークの減少により合成反応が進行していることを確認でき、合成後のIRチャートにおいて、1735cm-1のピークが生じたによりエステル基を有する化合物が得られていることを確認できた。
(実施例1)
水分散シリカゾルであるST-OUP(日産化学株式会社製、15質量%)10.0gと、10質量%酢酸水溶液1.5gと、シランカップリング剤(モメンティブ社製、商品名:A1230)の10質量%IPA溶液3.0gと、合成物1の10質量%IPA溶液3.75gと、水10.0gと、金属触媒(川研ファインケミカル株式会社製、商品名:Al-M)の1質量%IPA溶液1.5gと、を混合し、2時間攪拌し、母液を得た。
表1(単位:g)のように配合量を変更したこと以外は、実施例1と同様にして塗布液を得た。なお、表中の「-」は、配合量が0であることを意味する。
実施例1~5及び比較例1~4で得た防曇剤について、以下の評価を行った。結果を表2に示す。なお、表2中の各成分の数値は、質量%を意味し、「-」は、配合量が0であることを意味する。
25℃、65%RHの環境下で、PTFE板(ニチアス製、ナフロンシート、TOMBO9000)に塗布液を0.5μL滴下し、塗布液がPTFE板に接触した瞬間を0秒として、接触角計(株式会社ニック製、LSE-100TW)を用いて接触角を5秒毎に測定した。実施例4及び比較例2の接触角の測定結果をそれぞれ図5の(a)及び(b)に示す。塗布液をPTFE板に滴下してから10秒経過時から50秒後経過時までに測定された接触角から回帰直線の回帰係数Δθ10~50を算出し、50秒経過時から100秒経過時までに測定された接触角から回帰直線の回帰係数Δθ50~100を算出し、150秒経過時から300秒経過時までに測定された接触角から回帰直線の回帰係数Δθ150~300を算出した。
25℃、65%RHの環境下で、接触角計(株式会社ニック製、LSE-100TW)を用いて、ペンダントドロップ法により塗布液の表面張力を測定した。懸滴(ペンダントドロップ)の量は5~7μLとし、1秒毎に懸滴の形状から接触角計に付属のソフトウェアにより表面張力を測定し、20秒間測定したときの表面張力の平均値を塗布液の表面張力とした。このとき塗布液の比重はポータブル密度比重計DA-130N(京都電子工業製)により測定した。
25℃、65%RHの環境下で、塗膜の厚さが300nmになるようにPTFE板にスプレー塗布した。乾燥後の塗膜にハジキがない場合を「A」、乾燥後の塗膜にハジキがある場合を「B」と評価した。
図5に示す装置を用い、下記の撮影条件で防曇性評価用画像及び基準画像を得た。得られた評価用画像及び基準画像を用いて下記に示す算出方法で防曇指数AFIを算出した。
サンプル画像:黒色の正方形と白色の正方形との市松模様、正方形の辺の長さ0.5mm
水の温度:40℃
距離D1:1.5cm
深さD2:1cm
距離D3:17cm(サンプル画像から最前のレンズの中央表面までの距離)
デジタルカメラ:Canon PowerShot SX70 HS(35mmフィルム換算での焦点距離:15mm、保存画像:大きさ1824×1824ピクセル、保存形式jpg)、1824×1824ピクセルの画像中に正方形が4900個含まれるように撮像。
防曇性評価用画像:供試材を配置して10秒経過後に撮影。
基準画像:防曇剤で処理していないポリカーボネート基板を配置した直後(配置して0秒後)(画像O)と、10秒経過後(画像N)に撮影。
圧縮方法:820×820ピクセルにリサイズし、圧縮率20%で出力。
防曇性評価用画像を上記の圧縮方法で圧縮したときのファイル容量S1、画像Nを上記の圧縮方法で圧縮したときのファイル容量S2、画像Oを上記の圧縮方法で圧縮したときのファイル容量S0から、下記式によって防曇指数AFIを算出した。
AFI=(S1-S2)×10/(S0-S2)
図5に示す装置を用い、下記の撮影条件で評価用画像及び基準画像を得た。得られた評価用画像及び基準画像を用いて下記に示す画像処理を行い、水膜均一性指数WEを算出した。
サンプル画像:黒色の正方形と白色の正方形との市松模様、正方形の辺の長さ0.5mm
水の温度:40℃
距離D1:1.5cm
深さD2:1cm
距離D3:17cm(サンプル画像から最前のレンズの中央表面までの距離)
デジタルカメラ:Canon PowerShot SX70 HS(35mmフィルム換算での焦点距離:15mm、保存画像:大きさ1824×1824ピクセル、保存形式jpg)、1824×1824ピクセルの画像中に正方形が4900個含まれるように撮像。
評価用画像:供試材を配置して40秒経過後に撮影。
基準画像:防曇剤で処理していないポリカーボネート基板を配置した直後(配置して0秒後)に撮影。
(1)画像処理ソフトウェア(ImageJ)を用いて、評価用画像及び基準画像を読み込み、8bitに変換する(Image→type→8bit)。
(2)境界の閾値を「90~255」に設定する(Image→Adjust→Threshold→「90~255」に設定→apply)。
(3)2値化する(Process→Binary→Make Binary)。
(4)測定条件として「Area」を設定する(Analyze→Set Measurements→Areaにチェックを入れる)。
(5)粒子解析を用いて、1ピクセル角以上の面積を算出する(Analyze→Analyze Particles→「Size」を「1-Infinity」に、「Show」を「Outlines」に設定し、「Display results」、「Clear Results」にチェックを入れ、OKをクリック)。
(6)基準画像の(5)の情報から、面積分布として、0~1000ピクセルの範囲で、20ピクセル刻みの度数分布を作成し、頻度が全頻度の5%以上となる面積範囲RAを得る。
(7)評価用画像の(5)の情報から、面積分布として、0~1000ピクセルの範囲で、20ピクセル刻みの度数分布を作成し、全粒子数(頻度の合計)に対する、(6)の面積範囲に含まれる粒子数(頻度)の割合(%)を算出し、これを水膜均一性指数WEとする。
Claims (5)
- シリカ粒子と、溶媒と、を含有する防曇剤であって、
下記の条件Aに従って接触角計を用いて接触角を測定したときに、50秒経過時から100秒経過時までに測定された接触角と、経過時間とから得られる回帰直線の回帰係数Δθ50~100が、0より小さい、防曇剤。
条件A:25℃、65%RH環境下で、PTFE基材上に前記防曇剤を0.5μL滴下し、前記防曇剤が前記PTFE基材に接触した瞬間を0秒として、5秒毎に接触角を測定する。 - ペンダントドロップ法により測定される表面張力が30mN/m以下である、請求項1に記載の防曇剤。
- 前記溶媒の含有量が、前記防曇剤の全量を基準として、90質量%以上である、請求項1に記載の防曇剤。
- 車両用ランプ構造体が備えるレンズ内表面に、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の防曇剤を塗布して塗膜を形成する工程と、
前記塗膜を乾燥させる工程と、を備える車両用ランプ構造体の防曇方法。 - レンズ内表面に、請求項1~3のいずれか一項に記載の防曇剤から形成される防曇膜を備える、車両用ランプ構造体。
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JPH10510576A (ja) * | 1994-12-12 | 1998-10-13 | ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー | 反射防止特性および防曇特性を有する塗料 |
JPH11152445A (ja) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-08 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 親水性無機塗料とそれを用いた親水性塗装品 |
JP2003064313A (ja) * | 2001-08-23 | 2003-03-05 | Toto Ltd | 防曇材及びその製造方法並びに防曇コーティング剤セット |
JP2016027134A (ja) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-02-18 | 日油株式会社 | 防曇剤組成物 |
WO2021141044A1 (ja) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-15 | 株式会社ネオス | 防曇塗料組成物及び防曇塗膜ならびに防曇物品 |
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JPH10510576A (ja) * | 1994-12-12 | 1998-10-13 | ミネソタ マイニング アンド マニュファクチャリング カンパニー | 反射防止特性および防曇特性を有する塗料 |
JPH11152445A (ja) * | 1997-11-25 | 1999-06-08 | Matsushita Electric Works Ltd | 親水性無機塗料とそれを用いた親水性塗装品 |
JP2003064313A (ja) * | 2001-08-23 | 2003-03-05 | Toto Ltd | 防曇材及びその製造方法並びに防曇コーティング剤セット |
JP2016027134A (ja) | 2014-06-30 | 2016-02-18 | 日油株式会社 | 防曇剤組成物 |
WO2021141044A1 (ja) * | 2020-01-10 | 2021-07-15 | 株式会社ネオス | 防曇塗料組成物及び防曇塗膜ならびに防曇物品 |
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