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WO2023165625A1 - 一种用于水上溢油的回收装置及回收船 - Google Patents

一种用于水上溢油的回收装置及回收船 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023165625A1
WO2023165625A1 PCT/CN2023/081244 CN2023081244W WO2023165625A1 WO 2023165625 A1 WO2023165625 A1 WO 2023165625A1 CN 2023081244 W CN2023081244 W CN 2023081244W WO 2023165625 A1 WO2023165625 A1 WO 2023165625A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
water
recovery
recovery device
detector
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2023/081244
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
纪虹
郭杰
杨克
蒋军成
邢志祥
王婷
Original Assignee
常州大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 常州大学 filed Critical 常州大学
Priority to US18/332,673 priority Critical patent/US20240117582A1/en
Publication of WO2023165625A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023165625A1/zh

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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/02—Separation of non-miscible liquids
    • B01D17/04—Breaking emulsions
    • B01D17/045—Breaking emulsions with coalescers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D17/00—Separation of liquids, not provided for elsewhere, e.g. by thermal diffusion
    • B01D17/12—Auxiliary equipment particularly adapted for use with liquid-separating apparatus, e.g. control circuits
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B35/00—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for
    • B63B35/32—Vessels or similar floating structures specially adapted for specific purposes and not otherwise provided for for collecting pollution from open water
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B39/00—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude
    • B63B39/02—Equipment to decrease pitch, roll, or like unwanted vessel movements; Apparatus for indicating vessel attitude to decrease vessel movements by displacement of masses
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B63—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; RELATED EQUIPMENT
    • B63B—SHIPS OR OTHER WATERBORNE VESSELS; EQUIPMENT FOR SHIPPING 
    • B63B79/00—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation
    • B63B79/10—Monitoring properties or operating parameters of vessels in operation using sensors, e.g. pressure sensors, strain gauges or accelerometers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/008—Control or steering systems not provided for elsewhere in subclass C02F
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/40—Devices for separating or removing fatty or oily substances or similar floating material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/44—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by dialysis, osmosis or reverse osmosis
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/048—Oil collectors moved over the water skimming the water surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/08—Devices for reducing the polluted area with or without additional devices for removing the material
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
    • E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
    • E02B15/00—Cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water; Apparatus therefor
    • E02B15/04—Devices for cleaning or keeping clear the surface of open water from oil or like floating materials by separating or removing these materials
    • E02B15/10—Devices for removing the material from the surface
    • E02B15/106—Overflow skimmers with suction heads; suction heads
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
    • C02F2101/32—Hydrocarbons, e.g. oil
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/005—Processes using a programmable logic controller [PLC]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
    • Y02A20/20—Controlling water pollution; Waste water treatment
    • Y02A20/204—Keeping clear the surface of open water from oil spills

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of water surface oil spill environmental protection, and relates to a recovery device and a recovery ship for oil spill on water.
  • Oil spillage refers to the process of oil exploration, oil production, storage and transportation in sea areas, where crude oil leaks from transportation or operation due to various reasons, causing various risks to different water areas.
  • the risk of oil spills on the water surface is increasing, and at the same time, the threat to the ecological environment is also increasing.
  • the solutions for oil spill recovery at sea mainly include: physical method, chemical method and biological method.
  • the most ideal method is the physical method, which can separate oil from water without changing the chemical properties of crude oil.
  • the methods include mechanical device recovery or adsorption material recovery of oil spills, but this method is mainly affected by wind waves, viscosity and other factors. Greater impact.
  • the existing physical methods for recovering oil spilled on water mainly use recovery devices on water to recover the spilled oil, such as using fences on the water to control the spilled oil, and then use various methods to recover the oil slick on the water.
  • the current oil skimmers all need manual direct participation in the operation, the labor intensity of the operators is high, and the operation efficiency is low, and it is inconvenient for some operation areas where the operators are not close. Therefore, the current oil skimmer cannot perform effective and stable oil skimming operation, let alone realize sustainable oil skimming operation.
  • the present invention provides a recovery device and a recovery ship for oil spilled on water, with good recovery effect and stable oil recovery effect.
  • the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
  • the present invention proposes a recovery device for oil spilled on water, which includes a housing, a control center, a variable pressure air bag, an oil product detector, an isolation layer, a water suction pump and a drain pipe; the housing is a hollow structure, The hollow structure is used to accommodate the oil-water mixture and used as a temporary oil collection tank.
  • the upper part of the shell is provided with an inlet for the oil-water mixture, the bottom is provided with a drain port, and the side wall is provided with an oil suction port;
  • the inside of the shell is provided with an isolation layer, the isolation layer is used for water to penetrate through the isolation layer, but the oil cannot pass through the isolation layer;
  • the inner wall of the housing is provided with an oil detector, and the oil detector is used to detect the position of the oil level, When the oil surface touches the oil detector, the oil detector will send the detection result to the control center;
  • the pressure-changing airbag is arranged outside the casing, and the setting of the pressure-changing airbag is used to adjust the recovery device
  • the control center is arranged on the shell, and the control center is respectively connected with the variable pressure air bag, the water suction pump and the oil detector for communication according to the detection result data from the oil detector and the operator’s command to control the volume of the variable pressure air bag and the start and close of the water suction pump; one end of the water suction pump is
  • the housing wall is set as a hollow structure, and the hollow structure of the housing wall is used for communication wiring between the control center and the water suction pump, the variable pressure air bag and the oil discharge pump, and can further increase the buoyancy of the recovery device.
  • the recovery device of the present invention further includes an oil discharge pump and an oil suction pipeline, the oil discharge pump is arranged on the isolation layer, one end of the oil suction pipeline is connected to the oil well pump, and after passing through the oil well, The other end is connected to the recovery ship for recovering the spilled oil, and the oil discharge pump is used to discharge the oil collected in the casing to the recovery ship through the oil suction pipeline; the control center is also connected with the oil discharge pump by communication, and the control center uses It is used to control the start and stop of the oil discharge pump.
  • the control center includes a water suction pump control room, a variable pressure air bag control room and an oil discharge pump control room arranged in parallel, and the water suction pump control room is connected with the water suction pump in communication, and is used to control the startup and shutdown of the water suction pump;
  • the air bag control room is connected with the variable pressure air bag for controlling the volume of the variable pressure air bag;
  • the oil discharge pump control room is connected with the oil discharge pump for controlling the start and stop of the oil discharge pump.
  • control center is used to send the command to change the volume of the air bag to the variable pressure air bag and send the command to open and close the water suction pump according to the detection result data from the oil detector and the instruction of the operator And send an opening and closing instruction to the oil discharge pump.
  • the inlet of the oil-water mixture is provided with a filter screen, which prevents failure of internal functions of the recovery device caused by surface garbage.
  • the recovery device of the present invention further includes at least two fixing columns, which are used to support and connect the control center, one end is arranged on the casing, and the other end is connected to the control center.
  • the fixing column is arranged on the casing around the inlet of the oil-water mixture
  • the control center is arranged overhead through the fixing column on the upper part of the inlet of the oil-water mixture
  • the filter screen is covered outside the fixing column, so that Not only can the control center be raised to increase the inflow of the mixed oil-water inlet, but the fixed column is supported like a rib to play the role of tensioning the filter.
  • At least two fixed column arrays are arranged on the casing.
  • the isolation layer includes a hydrophilic-oleophobic membrane and rigid filter screens arranged on the upper and lower parts of the hydrophilic-oleophobic membrane, and the rigid filter screen is used to improve the bearing capacity of the isolation layer and protect the hydrophilic-oleophobic membrane. Oil film to prevent the deformation of the hydrophilic and oleophobic film due to the overwhelming load of a large amount of oil collection.
  • the rigid mesh is a stainless steel mesh.
  • the oil detector includes a first oil detector and a second oil detector, and the height of the first oil detector on the inner wall of the housing is higher than that of the second oil detector.
  • the height of the detector, the second oil detector is arranged at the joint between the isolation layer and the inner wall of the casing.
  • the recovery device of the present invention further includes an airbag support frame, the airbag support frame is arranged outside the casing, and the airbag support frame is used to support the variable pressure airbag and fix the variable pressure airbag to the casing external.
  • the housing is an ellipsoidal structure, and the variable pressure airbag and the airbag support frame are arranged in the middle of the housing in terms of height.
  • the present invention also proposes a recovery ship for oil spills on water, comprising a recovery ship body and the above-mentioned recovery device, the recovery ship body includes an oil storage tank and an oil containment boom; the oil storage tank is used for storing The oil spill recovered by the recovery device, and the oil containment boom is used to enclose the oil spill water area to prevent the oil spill on the water from spreading again.
  • the oil storage tank is connected to the oil discharge pump of the recovery device through an oil discharge pipeline.
  • the oil storage tank is arranged in the cabin of the recovery ship, and the oil containment boom is arranged at the stern of the recovery ship.
  • the recovery ship of the present invention further includes a telescopic tractor, the telescopic tractor is arranged on the recovery ship body, and its free end is connected to the recovery device.
  • the operator places the recovery device in the oil spill area through the telescopic tractor; after the oil spill recovery work is completed, the operator pulls the recovery device to the recovery ship body or to the shore station through the telescopic tractor.
  • the present invention provides a recovery device and recovery ship for oil spilled on water, which has the following beneficial effects: .
  • the recovery device of the present invention is provided with a hydrophilic and oleophobic film in the inner cavity of the housing, so that all the collected oil can be temporarily stored in the inner cavity of the housing as a temporary oil collection bin, so that the oil collection efficiency is improved and the recovery effect is relatively low. Good, it can quickly and stably respond to offshore oil spill operations, and the oil recovery effect is stable.
  • the recovery device and recovery ship of the present invention can cooperate with the recovery ship body to carry out continuous and uninterrupted recovery of oil leakage on the water surface until the oil spill is removed, further improving the work efficiency of oil recovery Combined with oil spill recovery efficiency, it realizes rapid control and restoration of the ecological environment, and solves the problem that the oil recovery devices equipped on most oil recovery ships cannot continuously recover oil spilled waters.
  • the recovery ship of the present invention can realize intelligent recovery of oil products, so it has more advantages in reducing labor force, reducing labor intensity and improving operation efficiency.
  • the recovery device of the present invention utilizes the physical properties of oil and water, adopts a mechanical recovery method, so that the physical and chemical properties of the oil do not change, the design structure is simple, the operation is convenient, and the efficiency of the oil recovery operation can be effectively improved.
  • Fig. 1 is the longitudinal sectional structure schematic diagram of recovery device of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the top view structure schematic diagram of recovery device of the present invention.
  • Fig. 3 is the schematic structural view of the hydrophilic and oleophobic membrane in the recovery device of the present invention
  • Fig. 4 is a top view structural schematic diagram of the recovery device of the present invention cooperating with the operation of the recovery ship body;
  • Fig. 5 is the operation flowchart of the recovery ship of the present invention.
  • the recovery device 14 proposed by the present invention includes a housing 1, a control center 3, a variable pressure air bag 4, an oil detector, an isolation layer 7, a water suction pump 9 and a drain pipe 10;
  • the housing 1 is a hollow structure, the hollow structure is used to accommodate the oil-water mixture and used as a temporary oil collection tank, the upper part of the shell 1 is provided with an inlet 2 for the oil-water mixture, the bottom is provided with a drain port, and the side wall is provided with an oil suction port;
  • the interior of the shell 1 is provided There is an isolation layer 7, and the isolation layer 7 is used for water to pass through the isolation layer 7, but oil cannot pass through the isolation layer 7;
  • an oil detector is installed on the inner wall of the housing 1, and the oil detector is used to detect the position of the oil level , when the oil surface touches the oil detector, the oil detector will send the detection result to the control center 3;
  • the variable pressure air bag 4 is arranged outside the housing 1, and the variable pressure air bag 4 is used to adjust the buoyancy of the recovery device
  • the inside and wall of the casing 1 are hollow structures, and the inside of the casing 1 can be used as a temporary oil collection tank for oil spills.
  • the hollow structure of the wall of the casing 1 is used for the control center 3 and the water suction pump, the variable pressure air bag 4 and the exhaust.
  • the recovery device 14 of the present invention also includes an oil discharge pump 8 and an oil suction pipeline 8.1, the oil discharge pump 8 is arranged on the isolation layer 7, and one end of the oil suction pipeline 8.1 is connected with the oil well pump, through which After passing through the oil suction port, the other end is connected to the recovery ship for recovering spilled oil.
  • the oil discharge pump 8 is used to discharge the oil collected in the casing 1 to the recovery ship through the oil suction pipeline 8.1;
  • the control center 3 is also connected with the oil discharge pump 8 Communication connection, the control center 3 is used to control the start and stop of the oil discharge pump 8 .
  • the control center 3 includes a water suction pump control room 3.1, a variable pressure air bag 4 control room 3.2 and an oil discharge control room 3.3 arranged in parallel.
  • the water suction pump control room 3.1 is connected to the water suction pump 9 by communication, and is used to control the startup and shutdown of the water suction pump 9;
  • the control room 3.2 of the variable pressure air bag 4 is connected in communication with the variable pressure air bag 4 for controlling the volume of the variable pressure air bag 4;
  • control center 3 is used to send an instruction to change the volume of the airbag to the variable pressure airbag 4, an instruction to open and close the water suction pump 9, and an instruction to the oil discharge pump according to the detection result data from the oil detector and the instructions of the operator. 8 Send the instruction of opening and closing.
  • the inlet 2 of the oil-water mixture is provided with a filter, which prevents failure of the internal functions of the recovery device 14 caused by garbage on the surface of the water.
  • the recovery device 14 of the present invention also includes at least two fixed columns 2.1, the fixed columns 2.1 are used to support and connect the control center 3, and one end is provided On the housing 1 , the other end is connected to the control center 3 .
  • the fixed column 2.1 is arranged on the housing 1 around the oil-water mixture inlet 2
  • the control center 3 is overhead installed on the upper part of the oil-water mixture inlet 2 through the fixed column 2.1, and the filter screen is covered on the fixed Outside the column 2.1, not only can the control center 3 be raised to increase the inflow of the mixed oil-water inlet, but the fixed column 2.1 is supported like a rib to play the role of tensioning the filter screen.
  • At least two fixed columns 2.1 are arranged on the casing 1 in an array.
  • the isolation layer 7 includes hydrophilic and hydrophobic
  • the oil film and the rigid filter screen 7.1 arranged on the upper and lower parts of the hydrophilic and oleophobic film, the setting of the rigid filter screen 7.1 is used to improve the bearing capacity of the isolation layer 7, protect the hydrophilic and oleophobic film, and prevent the hydrophilic and oleophobic film from being overwhelmed by a large amount of oil collection
  • the direction of the hydrophilic and oleophobic film is that water flows in the direction of the arrow.
  • the rigid screen 7.1 is a stainless steel mesh.
  • the oil detector includes a first oil detector 6.1 and a second oil detector 6.2, and the height of the first oil detector 6.1 on the inner wall of the housing 1 is higher than The height of the second oil detector 6.2, the second oil detector 6.2 is set at the joint between the isolation layer 7 and the inner wall of the housing 1.
  • the operating principle of the oil detector is: the oil-water mixture gradually enters the inner cavity of the housing 1 of the recovery device 14 from the inlet 2 of the oil-water mixture, and the water suction pump 9 is also working.
  • the first oil detector 6.1 detects oil, It shows that the recovered oil overflow will almost fill the entire inner cavity of housing 1.
  • the control room 3.2 of the variable pressure airbag 4 sends an inflation and boost command to the variable pressure airbag 4, and the variable pressure airbag 4 Inflation and pressurization increases the buoyancy of the recovery device 14.
  • the two oil detectors are arranged at the lower part of the housing 1, and the function of the first oil detector 6.1 is to feed back to the control center when oil is detected 3.
  • the recovery device 14 rises above the water surface, the oil mixture inlet 2 is higher than the water surface, and no longer absorbs the oil-water mixture in the external water environment.
  • the second oil product detector 6.2 detects the oil product after the water suction pump 9 pumps out the residual bottom water, indicating that the recovery device 14 is filled with the oil product with the lowest water content at this time, and feeds back to the control center 3, the water suction pump 9 Start the oil discharge pump 8 after stopping work and start to recover the oil in the inner cavity of the housing 1 The oil product delivered to the recovery ship body 11.
  • only one oil detector can be set, and this oil detector can be set at the position of the first oil detector (it cannot be set at the position of the second oil detector, because it will cause The possibility of secondary oil spills), when only one oil detector is installed, the steps are as follows:
  • the oil detector detects the oil level, and feeds back to the control center 3.
  • the control center 3 issues an instruction to increase the volume of the pressure-changing air bag until the inlet of the oil-water mixture is higher than the water surface, after the inlet of the oil-water mixture is higher than the water surface, it sends an instruction to the suction pump 9. Delay the instruction to stop working after N minutes, and start the oil discharge pump 8 after N minutes to deliver the oil recovered in the inner cavity of the casing 1 to the recovery ship body 11 .
  • the oil-water mixture inlet 2 is provided with a liquid level sensor, the liquid level sensor is connected to the control center 3 in communication, and the liquid level sensor is used to detect the position information of the water surface relative to the oil-water mixture inlet 2, And transmit the location information to the control center 3.
  • the recovery device 14 of the present invention also includes an airbag support frame 5, the airbag support frame 5 is arranged outside the housing 1, and the airbag support frame 5 is used to support the variable pressure airbag 4 and convert the variable pressure airbag The compressed air bag 4 is fixed outside the housing 1 .
  • variable pressure airbag 4 and the airbag support frame 5 are fixed by glue and screws, and the airbag support frame 5 is connected to the housing 1 by welding.
  • the casing 1 is an ellipsoidal structure, and the variable pressure airbag 4 and the airbag support frame 5 are arranged in the middle of the casing 1 in terms of height.
  • the recovery ship proposed by the present invention includes a recovery ship body 11 and the above-mentioned recovery device 14, and the recovery ship body 11 includes an oil storage tank 12 and an oil containment boom 15; the oil storage tank 12 is used to store the recovery device 14 recovered oil spills, the oil containment boom 15 is used to enclose the oil spill waters to prevent the oil spill from spreading again on the water.
  • the oil storage tank 12 is connected to the oil discharge pump 8 of the recovery device 14 through an oil discharge pipeline.
  • the oil storage tank 12 is arranged in the cabin of the recovery ship, and the oil containment boom 15 is arranged in the ship of the recovery ship tail.
  • the recovery ship of the present invention further includes a telescopic tractor 13 , which is arranged on the recovery ship body 11 , and its free end is connected to the recovery device 14 .
  • a telescopic tractor 13 which is arranged on the recovery ship body 11 , and its free end is connected to the recovery device 14 .
  • Step S1 The relevant department detects that there is an oil spill in the water area, and the operator drives the recovery ship to the oil spill water area.
  • Step S2 The operator operates to lower the oil containment boom 15 on the recovery ship, and encloses the oil spill water area to prevent the oil spill on the water from spreading again.
  • Step S3 The recovery ship is lowered and the recovery device 14 is put into the oil spilled waters through the telescopic tractor 13 .
  • Step S4 The recovery device 14 performs the oil spill recovery operation, including the following steps:
  • Step S41 The airbag control room 3.2 sends an inflation command to the variable pressure airbag 4, and the variable pressure airbag 4 is inflated to make the recovery device 14 float in the water, and make the oil-water mixture inlet 2 slightly lower than the water surface, and the oil-water mixture enters the casing from the oil-water mixture inlet 2 1 inner cavity, filled with the shell, suspended below the water surface;
  • Step S42 The water suction pump control room 3.1 sends an opening command to the water suction pump 9, and the water suction pump 9 discharges the water in the inner cavity of the casing 1 to the outside of the casing 1 through the drain pipe 10, providing the oil-water mixture on the water surface to flow into the recovery device 14 power;
  • Step S43 Since the density of oil is generally less than that of water, the spilled oil is always on the water when the oil-water mixture enters the recovery device 14.
  • the airbag control chamber 3.2 directs the pressure-changing airbag 4. Issue an inflation command, the variable pressure air bag 4 is inflated and pressurized, and then the buoyancy of the recovery device 14 increases, and the buoyancy of the recovery device 14 increases until the inlet 2 of the oil-water mixture is higher than the water surface;
  • Step S44 The water suction pump 9 continues to work, and the water inside the shell 1 continues to be discharged outward.
  • the internal oil surface touches the second oil detector 6.2 it means that the water inside the shell 1 has passed the hydrophilic and hydrophobic
  • the oil film is exhausted, and the water suction pump control room 3.1 can control the water suction pump 9 to stop working immediately, or wait for the water suction pump 9 to continue to work for a preset time before stopping work, so as to ensure that the water in the housing 1 is as much as possible. Drain to get spilled oil with lower water content;
  • Step S45 The oil discharge control room 3.3 sends an opening command to the oil discharge pump 8, and the oil discharge pump 8 works to discharge the overflow oil collected inside the casing 1 to the oil storage tank 12 on the recovery ship body 11 through the oil discharge pipeline;
  • Step S46 When the second oil detector 6.2 fails to detect the oil level, it means that the oil discharge is over, and the second oil detector 6.2 sends the detection result to the air bag control room 3.2, and the air bag control room 3.2 sends the air bag 4 A command to vent the air to reduce the volume is issued, so that the recovery device 14 gradually sinks until the inlet 2 of the oil-water mixture is lower than the water surface, and a new round of recovery oil spill operation is started, and the cycle is repeated until the oil spilled inside the oil boom 15 is completely recovered.
  • Step S5 Complete the oil recovery operation, retract the recovery device 14, and return to the voyage.
  • the recovery device 14 of the present invention can also directly carry out the oil spill recovery operation in a fixed manner.
  • the operator does not need to issue instructions to carry out sustainable recovery of the spill oil, and does not require a lot of manpower and material resources.
  • the device can automatically recover operations, effectively reducing the use of labor and improving the operational efficiency of oil spill recovery.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明涉及水面溢油环保技术领域，公开了一种用于水上溢油的回收装置及回收船，包括壳体、控制中心、变压气囊、油品检测器、隔离层、吸水泵以及排水管；所述壳体为中空结构，所述中空结构用于容纳油水混合物和作为临时集油仓使用，所述壳体上部开设有油水混合物入口，底部设置有排水口，侧壁设置有抽油口；所述壳体的内部设置有隔离层，所述隔离层用于水能够自隔离层透过，但油不能自隔离层穿过；所述壳体内壁上设置有油品检测器，所述油品检测器用于检测油面位置。本发明的有益效果为：能够使收集的油品全部暂时储存在作为临时集油仓的壳体内腔中，提高集油效率、回收效果较好，能够迅速稳定的应对海上溢油作业，且收油效果稳定。

Description

一种用于水上溢油的回收装置及回收船 技术领域
本发明涉及水面溢油环保技术领域，涉及一种用于水上溢油的回收装置及回收船。
背景技术
油品溢出是指海域石油勘探、采油和储运等过程中，由于各种原因造成原油从运输或者作业过程中泄漏溢出，给不同水域造成各种风险。随着人类对于不同水域的利用与开发，水面溢油的风险日益增加同时，对于生态环境的威胁也日益增加。
目前海上溢油回收的解决方法主要包括：物理法、化学法、生物法。其中最理想的方法是物理法，物理方法可以在不改变原油的化学性质情况下把油从水中分离，方法包括机械装置回收或者吸附材料回收溢油，但该方法主要受风浪、粘度等因素的影响较大。
现有的对水上溢油进行回收的物理法，主要使用水上回收装置对溢油进行回收，比如采用水上围栏将溢油进行圈围控制，然后使用各种方法对水上的浮油进行回收。然而，目前的收油装置均需要人工直接参与作业，作业人员劳动强度大，且作业效率低，对于一些不便作业人员靠近的作业区域。因此，目前的收油装置不能进行有效的、稳定的收油作业，更不能实现可持续的收油作业。
发明内容
针对现有技术中油水分离效率较低的问题，本发明提供了一种用于水上溢油的回收装置及回收船，回收效果较好，且收油效果稳定。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：
本发明提出了一种用于水上溢油的回收装置，包括壳体、控制中心、变压气囊、油品检测器、隔离层、吸水泵以及排水管；所述壳体为中空结构， 所述中空结构用于容纳油水混合物和作为临时集油仓使用，所述壳体上部开设有油水混合物入口，底部设置有排水口，侧壁设置抽油口；所述壳体的内部设置有隔离层，所述隔离层用于水能够自隔离层透过，但油不能自隔离层穿过；所述壳体内壁上设置有油品检测器，所述油品检测器用于检测油面位置，当油面接触到油品检测器，所述油品检测器将检测结果发送至控制中心；所述变压气囊设置于壳体的外部，所述变压气囊的设置用于调节所述回收装置的浮力；所述控制中心设置于壳体上，所述控制中心分别与变压气囊、吸水泵以及油品检测器通信连接，用于根据来自于油品检测器的检测结果数据和操作人员的指令来控制变压气囊的体积和吸水泵的启动与关闭；所述吸水泵一端连接于排水口上，另一端与排水管连接，吸水泵将壳体内的水抽出后经排水管排至壳体外的水环境中。
进一步地，所述壳体壁面设置为中空结构，壳体壁面的中空结构用于控制中心与吸水泵、变压气囊以及排油泵之间通信连接的布线，也能够进一步增加回收装置的浮力。
结合第一方面，进一步地，本发明的回收装置还包括排油泵和抽油管道，所述排油泵设置于隔离层上，所述抽油管道一端与抽油泵连接，穿过抽油口后，另一端与回收溢油的回收船连接，所述排油泵用于将壳体内集下的油通过抽油管道排至回收船中；所述控制中心还与排油泵通信连接，所述控制中心用于控制排油泵的启动与关闭。
所述控制中心包括并联设置的吸水泵控制室、变压气囊控制室以及排油泵控制室，所述吸水泵控制室与吸水泵通信连接，用于控制吸水泵的启动与关闭；所述变压气囊控制室与变压气囊通信连接，用于控制变压气囊的体积；所述排油泵控制室与排油泵通信连接，用于控制排油泵的启动与关闭。
具体的：控制中心用于根据来自于油品检测器的检测结果数据和操作人员的指令来向变压气囊发送改变气囊体积的指令、向吸水泵发送启闭的指令 以及向排油泵发送启闭的指令。
结合第一方面，进一步地，所述油水混合物入口设置有过滤网，过滤网的设置防止因水面垃圾导致回收装置内部功能出现故障。
结合第一方面，进一步地，本发明的回收装置还包括至少2根固定柱，所述固定柱用于支撑与连接控制中心，一端设置于壳体上，另一端与控制中心连接。
结合第一方面，进一步地，所述固定柱设置于油水混合物入口周边的壳体上，所述控制中心通过固定柱架空设置于油水混合物入口的上部，所述过滤网覆盖在固定柱外部，这样不仅可以将控制中心抬高以增加混合油水入口的流入量，固定柱像肋板一样支撑，起到将过滤网张紧的作用。
优选地，至少2根固定柱阵列设置于壳体上。
结合第一方面，进一步地，所述隔离层包括亲水疏油膜和设置于亲水疏油膜上部和下部的刚性滤网，刚性滤网的设置用于提高隔离层的承载能力，保护亲水疏油膜，防止亲水疏油膜因大量集油不堪重负而形变。
优选地，刚性滤网为不锈钢网。
结合第一方面，进一步地，所述油品检测器包括第一油品检测器和第二油品检测器，所述第一油品检测器在壳体内壁上的高度高于第二油品检测器的高度，所述第二油品检测器设置于隔离层与壳体内壁的连接处。
结合第一方面，进一步地，本发明的回收装置还包括气囊支撑架，所述气囊支撑架设置于壳体外部，所述气囊支撑架用于支撑变压气囊以及将变压气囊固定在壳体外部。
优选地，壳体为椭圆球体结构，从高度上，变压气囊和气囊支撑架设置于壳体的中部。
本发明还提出了一种用于水上溢油的回收船，包括回收船本体和上述的回收装置，所述回收船本体包括设置储油舱和围油栏；所述储油舱用于储存 回收装置回收的溢油，所述围油栏用于对溢油水域进行圈围，防止水上溢油再次扩散。
结合第二方面，进一步地，所述储油舱通过排油管道与回收装置的排油泵连接。
优选地，储油舱设置于回收船的船舱，围油栏设置于回收船的船尾。
结合第二部分，进一步地，本发明的回收船还包括伸缩牵引器，所述伸缩牵引器设置于回收船本体上，其自由端与回收装置连接。在放置回收装置时，操作人员通过伸缩牵引器将回收装置放置于溢油区域；当溢油回收工作结束后，操作人员通过伸缩牵引器将回收装置牵引至回收船本体或拉至岸站。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供了一种用于水上溢油的回收装置及回收船，具备以下有益效果：。
(1)本发明的回收装置，在壳体内腔内设有亲水疏油膜，能够使收集的油品全部暂时储存在作为临时集油仓的壳体内腔中，提高集油效率、回收效果较好，能够迅速稳定的应对海上溢油作业，且收油效果稳定。
(2)本发明的回收装置和回收船，可以配合回收船本体在油品泄漏水域进行持续性不间断的对水面泄漏油品进行回收，直至溢油被清除，进一步提高了回收油的工作效率与溢油回收效率，实现对生态环境的快速治理和恢复，解决了大多数收油船装备的油品回收装置不能够对油品泄漏水域进行持续性回收的问题。
(3)本发明的回收船可以实现智能化回收油品，因此对于减少劳动力，以及降低劳动强度，提高作业效率更加有优势。
(4)本发明的回收装置利用了油和水的物理性质，采用机械回收的方式，使油物化性质不发生改变且设计结构简单，操作便捷，可以有效提高收油作业的效率。
(5)本发明的回收船在溢油回收过程中，由于配合油品回收船的围油栏 对溢油进行逐一回收，故可以控制溢油不会进一步的向外分散，提高了溢油的回收效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明回收装置的纵向剖视结构示意图；
图2为本发明回收装置的俯视结构示意图；
图3为本发明回收装置中亲水疏油膜的结构示意图；
图4为本发明回收装置配合回收船本体作业的俯视结构示意图；
图5为本发明回收船的作业流程图。
图中附图标记的含义为：
1-壳体；2-油水混合物入口；2.1-固定柱；3-控制中心；3.1-吸水泵控
制室；3.2-气囊控制室；3.3-排油控制室；4-变压气囊；5-气囊支撑架；6.1-第一油品检测器；6.2-第二油品检测器；7-隔离层；7.1-刚性滤网；7.2-亲水疏油膜；8-排油泵；8.1-抽油管道；9-吸水泵；10-排水管；11-回收船本体；12-储油舱；13-伸缩牵引器；14-回收装置；15-围油栏。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
除非另外具体说明，否则在这些实施例中阐述的部件和步骤的相对布置、数字表达式和数值不限制本发明的范围。同时，应当明白，为了便于描述，附图中所示出的各个部分的尺寸并不是按照实际的比例关系绘制的。对于相关领域普通技术人员已知的技术、方法和设备可能不作详细讨论，但在适当情况下，所述技术、方法和设备应当被视为授权说明书的一部分。在这里示出和讨论的所有示例中，任何具体值应被解释为仅仅是示例性的，而不是作 为限制。因此，示例性实施例的其它示例可以还包括不同的值。应注意到：相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项，因此，一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义，则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步讨论。
在本申请的描述中，需要理解的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为便于描述本发明和简化描述，而不是指示或暗指所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、为特定的方位构造和操作，因而不能理解为对本发明保护内容的限制。
如图1和图2所示，本发明提出的回收装置14，包括壳体1、控制中心3、变压气囊4、油品检测器、隔离层7、吸水泵9以及排水管10；壳体1为中空结构，中空结构用于容纳油水混合物和作为临时集油仓使用，壳体1上部开设有油水混合物入口2，底部设置有排水口，侧壁设置抽油口；壳体1的内部设置有隔离层7，隔离层7用于水能够自隔离层7透过，但油不能自隔离层7穿过；壳体1内壁上设置有油品检测器，油品检测器用于检测油面位置，当油面接触到油品检测器，油品检测器将检测结果发送至控制中心3；变压气囊4设置于壳体1的外部，变压气囊4的设置用于调节回收装置14的浮力；控制中心3设置于壳体1上，控制中心3分别与变压气囊4、吸水泵9以及油品检测器通信连接，用于根据来自于油品检测器的检测结果数据和操作人员的指令来控制变压气囊4的体积和吸水泵9的启动与关闭；吸水泵9一端连接于排水口上，另一端与排水管10连接，吸水泵9将壳体1内的水抽出后经排水管10排至壳体1外的水环境中。
壳体1的内部和壁面均为中空结构设置，壳体1的内部能够作为溢油的临时集油仓，壳体1的壁面中空结构用于控制中心3与吸水泵、变压气囊4以及排油泵8之间通信连接的布线，这样双中空结构更能够增加整个装置的浮力。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，本发明的回收装置14还包括排油泵8和抽油管道8.1，排油泵8设置于隔离层7上，抽油管道8.1一端与抽油泵连接，穿过抽油口后，另一端与回收溢油的回收船连接，排油泵8用于将壳体1内收集的油品通过抽油管道8.1排至回收船中；控制中心3还与排油泵8通信连接，控制中心3用于控制排油泵8的启动与关闭。
控制中心3包括并联设置的吸水泵控制室3.1、变压气囊4控制室3.2以及排油控制室3.3，吸水泵控制室3.1与吸水泵9通信连接，用于控制吸水泵9的启动与关闭；变压气囊4控制室3.2与变压气囊4通信连接，用于控制变压气囊4的体积；排油控制室3.3与排油泵8通信连接，用于控制排油泵8的启动与关闭。
具体的：控制中心3用于根据来自于油品检测器的检测结果数据和操作人员的指令来向变压气囊4发送改变气囊体积的指令、向吸水泵9发送启闭的指令以及向排油泵8发送启闭的指令。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，油水混合物入口2设置有过滤网，过滤网的设置防止因水面垃圾导致回收装置14内部功能出现故障。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，如图1和图2所示，本发明的回收装置14还包括至少2根固定柱2.1，固定柱2.1用于支撑与连接控制中心3，一端设置于壳体1上，另一端与控制中心3连接。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，固定柱2.1设置于油水混合物入口2周边的壳体1上，控制中心3通过固定柱2.1架空设置于油水混合物入口2的上部，过滤网覆盖在固定柱2.1外部，这样不仅可以将控制中心3抬高以增加混合油水入口的流入量，固定柱2.1像肋板一样支撑，起到将过滤网张紧的作用。
优选地，至少2根固定柱2.1阵列设置于壳体1上。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，如图3所示，隔离层7包括亲水疏 油膜和设置于亲水疏油膜上部和下部的刚性滤网7.1，刚性滤网7.1的设置用于提高隔离层7的承载能力，保护亲水疏油膜，防止亲水疏油膜因大量集油不堪重负而形变，如图3所示，亲水疏油膜的方向为水向箭头方向流动。
优选地，刚性滤网7.1为不锈钢网。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，油品检测器包括第一油品检测器6.1和第二油品检测器6.2，第一油品检测器6.1在壳体1内壁上的高度高于第二油品检测器6.2的高度，第二油品检测器6.2设置于隔离层7与壳体1内壁的连接处。
油品检测器的使用原理为：油水混合物自油水混合物入口2逐渐进入回收装置14的壳体1内腔，吸水泵9也在工作着，当第一油品检测器6.1检测到油品时，说明回收的溢油基本快要充满整个壳体1内腔了，为了防止继续进油水混合物，造成二次溢油，变压气囊4控制室3.2向变压气囊4发出充气增压指令，变压气囊4充气增压使回收装置14的浮力增大，只需保证油水混合物入口2高于水面即可，这样油水混合物入口2不再进入油水混合物了，但吸水泵9继续工作，将壳体1内部的水继续往外排；当内部油面接触到第二油品检测器6.2的时候，说明壳体1内部的水基本被排尽了，吸水泵9控制室可以控制吸水泵9立即停止工作，也可以等吸水泵9持续工作预设时间后再停止工作，这样可以保证将壳体1内部的水尽量多的被排尽，得到含水率更低的溢油。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，两个油品检测器都是设置于壳体1的下部位置，第一油品检测器6.1的作用是当检测到油品时，反馈给控制中心3，回收装置14上升到水面以上，油品混合物入口2高于水面，不再吸收外部水环境中的油水混合物。第二油品检测器6.2是吸水泵9将残留底部的水抽出后，检测到油品，说明此时回收装置14内充满了的含水率最低的油品，反馈给控制中心3，吸水泵9停止工作后启动排油泵8开始将壳体1内腔中回收 的油品输送到回收船本体11上。
在另一些实施例中，可以只设置一个油品检测器，这个油品检测器可以设置在第一油品检测器的位置(不可以设置在第二油品检测器的位置，因为这样会造成二次溢油的可能)，当只设置一个油品检测器的使用步骤为：
油品检测器检测到油面，反馈给控制中心3，控制中心3向变压气囊发出增加体积至油水混合物入口高于水面的指令后，待油水混合物入口高于水面后，向吸水泵9发出延迟N分钟后停止工作的指令，并在N分钟后启动排油泵8将壳体1内腔中回收的油品输送到回收船本体11上。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，油水混合物入口2上设置有液位传感器，液位传感器与控制中心3通信连接，液位传感器用于检测水面相对于油水混合物入口2的位置信息，并将位置信息传输至控制中心3。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，本发明的回收装置14还包括气囊支撑架5，气囊支撑架5设置于壳体1外部，气囊支撑架5用于支撑变压气囊4以及将变压气囊4固定在壳体1外部。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，变压气囊4与气囊支撑架5之间通过胶粘和螺丝固定，气囊支撑架5通过焊接方式和壳体1连接。
优选地，壳体1为椭圆球体结构，从高度上，变压气囊4和气囊支撑架5设置于壳体1的中部。
如图4所示，本发明提出的回收船，包括回收船本体11和上述的回收装置14，回收船本体11包括设置储油舱12和围油栏15；储油舱12用于储存回收装置14回收的溢油，围油栏15用于对溢油水域进行圈围，防止水上溢油再次扩散。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，储油舱12通过排油管道与回收装置14的排油泵8连接。
优选地，储油舱12设置于回收船的船舱，围油栏15设置于回收船的船 尾。
在本实施例的一种具体实施方式中，本发明的回收船还包括伸缩牵引器13，伸缩牵引器13设置于回收船本体11上，其自由端与回收装置14连接。在放置回收装置14时，操作人员通过伸缩牵引器13将回收装置14放置于溢油区域；当溢油回收工作结束后，操作人员通过伸缩牵引器13将回收装置14牵引至回收船本体11或拉至岸站。
如图5所示，本发明的回收船的作业流程如下：
步骤S1：相关部门检测到水域存在溢油情况，操作人员驾驶回收船前往溢油水域。
步骤S2：操作人员操作将回收船上的围油栏15放下，并对溢油水域进行圈围，防止水上溢油再次扩散。
步骤S3：回收船放下通过伸缩牵引器13将回收装置14放至溢油水域中。
步骤S4：回收装置14进行溢油回收作业，包括以下步骤：
步骤S41：气囊控制室3.2向变压气囊4发出充气指令，变压气囊4充气使回收装置14漂浮于水中，且使油水混合物入口2略低于水面，油水混合物自油水混合物入口2进入壳体1内腔，充满壳体，悬浮于水面以下；
步骤S42：吸水泵控制室3.1向吸水泵9发出开启指令，吸水泵9将壳体1内腔的水通过排水管10排出壳体1外部，为水面的油水混合物向回收装置14内流提供了动力；
步骤S43：由于油品的密度一般小于水的密度，在油水混合物进入回收装置14时溢油一直位于水上，当第一油品检测器6.1检测到油品时，气囊控制室3.2向变压气囊4发出充气指令，变压气囊4充气增压，进而回收装置14的浮力增大，回收装置14的浮力增大至油水混合物入口2高于水面即可；
步骤S44：吸水泵9继续工作，将壳体1内部的水继续往外排，当内部油面接触到第二油品检测器6.2的时候，说明壳体1内部的水已经通过亲水疏 油膜被排尽了，吸水泵控制室3.1可以控制吸水泵9立即停止工作，也可以等吸水泵9持续工作预设时间后再停止工作，这样可以保证将壳体1内部的水尽量多的被排尽，得到含水率更低的溢油；
步骤S45：排油控制室3.3向排油泵8发出开启指令，排油泵8工作，将壳体1内部收集的溢油通过排油管道排出至回收船本体11上的储油舱12内；
步骤S46：当第二油品检测器6.2检测不到油面时，表示排油结束了，第二油品检测器6.2将检测结果发送至气囊控制室3.2，气囊控制室3.2向变压气囊4发出泄气减小体积的指令，使回收装置14逐渐沉没至油水混合物入口2低于水面，开始新一轮的回收溢油作业，如此循环，直至围油栏15内部溢油被完全回收。
步骤S5：完成收油作业，收回回收装置14，返航。
本发明的回收装置14也可以直接按照固定的方式进行溢油回收作业，在溢油回收的过程中不需要操作人员发出指令就能够对溢油进行可持续性的回收，不需要大量的人力物力，只需将溢油回收装置14放置于溢油水域后，装置可以自动回收作业，有效地减少了劳动力的使用，提高溢油回收的作业效率。
需要说明的是，在本申请中，诸如第一和第二等之类的关系术语仅仅用来将一个实体或者操作与另一个实体或操作区分开来，而不一定要求或者暗示这些实体或操作之间存在任何这种实际的关系或者顺序。而且，术语“包括”、“包含”或者其任何其他变体意在涵盖非排他性的包含，从而使得包括一系列要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备不仅包括那些要素，而且还包括没有明确列出的其他要素，或者是还包括为这种过程、方法、物品或者设备所固有的要素。在没有更多限制的情况下，由语句“包括一个……”限定的要素，并不排除在包括所述要素的过程、方法、物品或者设备中还存在另外的相同要素。
尽管已经示出和描述了本发明的实施例，对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以理解在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下可以对这些实施例进行多种变化、修改、替换和变型，本发明的范围由所附权利要求及其等同物限定。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种用于水上溢油的回收装置，其特征在于：包括壳体、控制中心、变压气囊、油品检测器、隔离层、吸水泵以及排水管；所述壳体为中空结构，所述中空结构用于容纳油水混合物和作为临时集油仓使用，所述壳体上部开设有油水混合物入口，底部设置有排水口，侧壁设置有抽油口；所述壳体的内部设置有隔离层，所述隔离层用于水能够自隔离层透过，但油不能自隔离层穿过；所述壳体内壁上设置有油品检测器，所述油品检测器用于检测油面位置，当油面接触到油品检测器，所述油品检测器将检测结果发送至控制中心；所述变压气囊设置于壳体的外部，所述变压气囊的设置用于调节所述回收装置的浮力；所述控制中心设置于壳体上，所述控制中心分别与变压气囊、吸水泵以及油品检测器通信连接，用于根据来自于油品检测器的检测结果数据和操作人员的指令来控制变压气囊的体积和吸水泵的启动与关闭；所述吸水泵一端连接于排水口上，另一端与排水管连接，吸水泵将壳体内的水抽出后经排水管排至壳体外的水环境中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于水上溢油的回收装置，其特征在于：还包括排油泵和抽油管道，所述排油泵设置于隔离层上，所述抽油管道一端与抽油泵连接，另一端与回收溢油的回收船连接，所述排油泵用于将壳体内集下的油通过抽油管道排至回收船中；所述控制中心还与排油泵通信连接，所述控制中心用于控制排油泵的启动与关闭。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于水上溢油的回收装置，其特征在于：所述油水混合物入口设置有过滤网。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种用于水上溢油的回收装置，其特征在于：还包括至少2根固定柱，所述固定柱用于支撑与连接控制中心，一端设置于壳体上，另一端与控制中心连接。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种用于水上溢油的回收装置，其特征在于：所述固定柱设置于油水混合物入口周边的壳体上，所述控制中心通过固定柱 架空设置于油水混合物入口的上部。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于水上溢油的回收装置，其特征在于：所述隔离层包括亲水疏油膜和设置于亲水疏油膜上部和下部的刚性滤网。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于水上溢油的回收装置，其特征在于：所述油品检测器包括第一油品检测器和第二油品检测器，所述第一油品检测器在壳体内壁上的高度高于第二油品检测器的高度，所述第二油品检测器设置于隔离层与壳体内壁的连接处。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的一种用于水上溢油的回收装置，其特征在于：还包括气囊支撑架，所述气囊支撑架设置于壳体外部，所述气囊支撑架用于支撑变压气囊以及将变压气囊固定在壳体外部。
  9. 一种用于水上溢油的回收船，其特征在于：包括回收船本体和权利要求1至8任一项所述的回收装置，所述回收船本体包括设置储油舱和围油栏；所述储油舱用于储存回收装置回收的溢油，所述围油栏用于对溢油水域进行圈围，防止水上溢油再次扩散。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的一种用于水上溢油的回收船，其特征在于：还包括伸缩牵引器，所述伸缩牵引器设置于回收船本体上，其自由端与回收装置连接。在放置回收装置时，操作人员通过伸缩牵引器将回收装置放置于溢油区域；当溢油回收工作结束后，操作人员通过伸缩牵引器将回收装置牵引至回收船本体或拉至岸站。
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