WO2023152039A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023152039A1 WO2023152039A1 PCT/EP2023/052656 EP2023052656W WO2023152039A1 WO 2023152039 A1 WO2023152039 A1 WO 2023152039A1 EP 2023052656 W EP2023052656 W EP 2023052656W WO 2023152039 A1 WO2023152039 A1 WO 2023152039A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- phosgene
- content
- reaction
- absorption
- absorbent
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosgene Chemical compound ClC(Cl)=O YGYAWVDWMABLBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 196
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 90
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 73
- 239000002250 absorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 47
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 claims description 47
- MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1 MVPPADPHJFYWMZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 47
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 46
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen chloride Substances Cl.Cl IXCSERBJSXMMFS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 31
- 229910000041 hydrogen chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 31
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=CC=C1Cl RFFLAFLAYFXFSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 CBCKQZAAMUWICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadaverine Chemical compound NCCCCCN VHRGRCVQAFMJIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- KQSABULTKYLFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,5-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(N)=CC=CC2=C1N KQSABULTKYLFEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-[(4-aminocyclohexyl)methyl]cyclohexan-1-amine Chemical compound C1CC(N)CCC1CC1CCC(N)CC1 DZIHTWJGPDVSGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N [3-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=CC(CN)=C1 FDLQZKYLHJJBHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004821 distillation Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- OYOFUEDXAMRQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexylmethanediamine Chemical compound NC(N)C1CCCCC1 OYOFUEDXAMRQBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000004985 diamines Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004202 aminomethyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 15
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- -1 amine hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011552 falling film Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 5
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 4
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000012442 inert solvent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- JWTVQZQPKHXGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,5-dimethylhexane-2,5-diamine Chemical compound CC(C)(N)CCC(C)(C)N JWTVQZQPKHXGFM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-1,5-diamine Chemical compound NCC(C)CCCN JZUHIOJYCPIVLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CKDWPUIZGOQOOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbamyl chloride Chemical compound NC(Cl)=O CKDWPUIZGOQOOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XZAHJRZBUWYCBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N [1-(aminomethyl)cyclohexyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1(CN)CCCCC1 XZAHJRZBUWYCBM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4-(aminomethyl)phenyl]methanamine Chemical compound NCC1=CC=C(CN)C=C1 ISKQADXMHQSTHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromobenzene Chemical compound BrC1=CC=CC=C1 QARVLSVVCXYDNA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 2
- VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexane-1,4-diamine Chemical compound NC1CCC(N)CC1 VKIRRGRTJUUZHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002170 ethers Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000008282 halocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCN NAQMVNRVTILPCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000003840 hydrochlorides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012263 liquid product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011022 operating instruction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N putrescine Chemical compound NCCCCN KIDHWZJUCRJVML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Dichloroethane Chemical compound ClCCCl WSLDOOZREJYCGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-phenylenediamine Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1N GEYOCULIXLDCMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-dichlorobenzene Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1 OCJBOOLMMGQPQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBSMXBFGGRDASE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-[2-[(dimethylamino)methyl]phenyl]-n,n-dimethylmethanamine Chemical compound CN(C)CC1=CC=CC=C1CN(C)C SBSMXBFGGRDASE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JCUZDQXWVYNXHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4-trimethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCCC(C)CC(C)(C)CN JCUZDQXWVYNXHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DDHUNHGZUHZNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2-dimethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound NCC(C)(C)CN DDHUNHGZUHZNKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPQHRXRAZHNGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylhexane-1,6-diamine Chemical compound NCC(C)CC(C)(C)CCN DPQHRXRAZHNGRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1N VOZKAJLKRJDJLL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-diaminotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C(N)C=CC=C1N RLYCRLGLCUXUPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OHKOAJUTRVTYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(2-aminophenyl)methyl]aniline Chemical compound NC1=CC=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N OHKOAJUTRVTYSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTNMPUFESIRPQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[(4-aminophenyl)methyl]aniline Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=CC=C1N UTNMPUFESIRPQP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MHQULXYNBKWNDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3,4-dimethylbenzene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N)C(N)=C1C MHQULXYNBKWNDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane Chemical compound C1=CC(N)=CC=C1CC1=CC=C(N)C=C1 YBRVSVVVWCFQMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004566 IR spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005684 Liebig rearrangement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005700 Putrescine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001174 ascending effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000004657 carbamic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000013877 carbamide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001944 continuous distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940117389 dichlorobenzene Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylmethanediamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(N)(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZZTCPWRAHWXWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007700 distillative separation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011143 downstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013067 intermediate product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- NTNWKDHZTDQSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-1,2-diamine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=C(N)C(N)=CC=C21 NTNWKDHZTDQSST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- DYFXGORUJGZJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenylmethanediamine Chemical compound NC(N)C1=CC=CC=C1 DYFXGORUJGZJCA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005056 polyisocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001228 polyisocyanate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004611 spectroscopical analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002123 temporal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecane-1,11-diamine Chemical compound NCCCCCCCCCCCN KLNPWTHGTVSSEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003672 ureas Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010626 work up procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C263/00—Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid
- C07C263/10—Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid by reaction of amines with carbonyl halides, e.g. with phosgene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C263/00—Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid
- C07C263/14—Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid by catalytic reaction of nitro compounds with carbon monoxide
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C263/00—Preparation of derivatives of isocyanic acid
- C07C263/18—Separation; Purification; Stabilisation; Use of additives
- C07C263/20—Separation; Purification
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C265/00—Derivatives of isocyanic acid
- C07C265/14—Derivatives of isocyanic acid containing at least two isocyanate groups bound to the same carbon skeleton
Definitions
- the invention relates to a process for preparing isocyanates by reacting corresponding amines with phosgene.
- the invention also relates to a device for separating waste gas streams from a phosgenation reaction.
- Isocyanates are important raw materials in the chemical industry. They are often made in large quantities. Above all, di and polyisocyanates are mainly used as starting materials for the production of polyurethanes. They are generally produced on an industrial scale in good yields by phosgenation of the corresponding amines, amine hydrochlorides, amine carbonates with an excess of phosgene. The corresponding carbamic acid chloride is formed as an intermediate product and is then converted into the isocyanate with elimination of hydrogen chloride.
- chlorobenzene or o-dichlorobenzene have established themselves as solvents for the reaction, which behave largely inertly and are well suited to recovering excess phosgene and separating it from hydrogen chloride.
- solvents which are inert under the reaction conditions.
- the process off-gas which essentially consists of phosgene, hydrogen chloride and solvent, must be treated to avoid phosgene release.
- Numerous variants are known for the separation of this process waste gas stream, which differ from one another depending on the main task.
- US2007/0249859A1 describes an at least 2-stage sequence of absorption steps, the sequence comprising at least one isothermal absorption step and at least one adiabatic absorption step and the phosgene obtained in this way being recycled into the phosgenation reaction.
- the process waste gas stream is first partially condensed and the liquid condensate is processed in a stripping column.
- a liquid solvent stream is obtained there at the bottom and a gas stream is obtained at the top, which is passed into an absorption facility together with the previously non-condensed fractions.
- the phosgene present is absorbed in a solvent and the phosgene solution obtained is reused in the phosgenation reaction, optionally after enrichment with further phosgene.
- US2018/0044179A1 relies on a distillative separation of the process exhaust gas.
- the waste gas stream is fed into a distillation column, at the bottom of which a phosgene-containing stream is removed.
- a phosgene-containing stream is removed.
- an essentially composed of hydrogen chloride Current taken, compressed and thereby partially condensed.
- the condensed fraction is let down and fed as reflux at the top of the column.
- hydrogen chloride it can simply be used or marketed as an aqueous solution, i.e. as hydrochloric acid.
- it can be oxidized to chlorine catalytically or electrochemically or used in the oxychlorination of ethylene to ethylene dichloride.
- Isocyanates are produced in large quantities and continuous processes are preferred. Isocyanates that are produced in smaller amounts are generally produced by batchwise liquid-phase phosgenation, since the effort involved in converting to a continuous process is very high and, in view of the small amounts to be produced, is not worth it. In some cases, hybrid processes are also operated, in which a batchwise reaction is combined with a continuously operated, downstream processing of the isocyanates produced. This requires the installation of buffer tanks into which the reaction products are drained and from which the continuous work-up is then fed.
- US4233267A describes a combined system of a batch reactor and a continuous distillation apparatus, the volatile reaction products first being condensed and temporarily stored in a condensate tank in order to be fed from there into the continuously operated column essentially independently of the operating parameters of the batch reactor .
- This procedure has various disadvantages for phosgenation processes. On the one hand, the condensation of phosgene or even HCl requires very low temperatures. On the other hand, such a procedure inevitably increases the amount of phosgene present in the plant due to the necessary buffering.
- the phosgene mass flow to the absorption device does not represent a good reference value for the required or even optimal mass flow of fresh solvent to the absorption device.
- the object of the invention was therefore to provide an improved process for the production of isocyanates and a device for separating off-gas streams from a phosgenation reaction, with which, despite fluctuations in the composition and mass flow of the process off-gas from a phosgenation, phosgene can be separated from the process off-gas by absorption in a reliable and resource-saving manner leaves.
- step C) optionally mixing the first phosgene solution obtained in step B) with additional phosgene and/or solvent to obtain a conditioned second phosgene solution,
- step D) optionally use of the first phosgene solution from step B) or the conditioned second phosgene solution from step C) for the phosgenation of an amine
- step E) optionally isolating the isocyanate by separating the liquid reaction product obtained in step A by distillation, characterized in that
- the first phosgene content of the phosgene-depleted second exhaust gas stream obtained in step B) is compared with a first target value for this first phosgene content and/or the second phosgene content of the first phosgene solution obtained in step B) is determined and is compared to a predetermined second setpoint for said second phosgene content and
- the absorbent is introduced into the absorption device with a mass flow Ml and this mass flow Ml is subject to regulation, the reference variable for the mass flow Ml being changed, preferably changed automatically, if the first phosgene content and/or the second phosgene content deviate from their respective setpoint .
- the expressions “comprising” or “containing” preferably mean “consisting essentially of” and particularly preferably “consisting of”.
- At least one refers to 1 or more, for example 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 or more. In the context of components of the compounds described herein, this specification does not refer to the absolute amount of molecules, but to the type of component. “At least one amine” therefore means, for example, that only one type of amine or several different types of amines can be included, without giving any information about the amount of the individual compounds.
- low-boiling secondary components are understood to mean compounds which have a lower boiling point at 10 5 Pa than the isocyanate produced in step A). These can be, for example, chlorinated organic compounds or fragments of the isocyanate produced in step A).
- the target value for the first phosgene content is in the range from 0.00% by volume to 2.00% by volume, preferably in the range from 0.01% by volume to 1.00% by volume and particularly preferably in the range from 0.02% by volume to 0.50% by volume and most preferably in the range from 0.02% by volume to 0.2% by volume.
- a fixed first target value in this range can be compared with a determined actual value for the first phosgene content of the phosgene-depleted second exhaust gas stream obtained in step B).
- the mass flow M1 of the absorbent into the absorption device can then be adjusted, preferably automatically, on the basis of the deviation between the desired value and the actual value.
- the target value for the second phosgene content is in the range from 20% by weight to 70% by weight, preferably in the range from 30% by weight to 68% by weight and particularly preferably in the range from 42% to 66% by weight.
- a second specified value in this range can be compared with a determined actual value for the second phosgene content of the first phosgene solution obtained in step B).
- the mass flow M1 of the absorbent into the absorption device can then be adjusted, preferably automatically, on the basis of the deviation between the desired value and the actual value.
- the two embodiments described above are combined with one another.
- the second phosgene content is regulated in this embodiment by adjusting the mass flow M1 to the previously defined second setpoint and when the first setpoint for the first phosgene content, which now serves as a threshold value, is exceeded, i.e. a deviation from normal operation, namely the breakthrough of an increased amount of phosgene in the second exhaust gas stream, the mass flow M1 is increased, so that more absorbent is introduced into the absorption device than would be required for setting the second phosgene content in the first phosgene solution.
- the increase in the mass flow M1 is preferably all the greater the greater the exceeding of the first setpoint and remains active either for a specific time or preferably until the determined actual value for the first phsogen content has fallen below the first setpoint again.
- This is what is known as an override concept, in which the regulation relating to the second phosgene content is inactive during the period of phosgene breakthrough and the mass flow M1 is instead specified on the basis of the first phosgene content. In this way, the desired second phosgene content of the first phosgene solution can be maintained as precisely as possible during normal operation, while at the same time penetration of phosgene into the second waste gas stream is reduced or prevented.
- diaminotoluene TDA
- 2,4-diaminotoluene and 2,6-diaminotoluene diaminodimethylbenzene, diaminonaphthalene, especially 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (NDA), diaminobenzene, especially 1,4-diaminobenzene (pPDl), diaminodiphenylmethane (MDA), in particular 2,2'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 2,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane and 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,4-diaminobutane, 1,5-diaminopentane (PDA), 1,6-diaminohexane (HDA), 1,11-diaminoundecane, 1-amino-3,5,5-trimethyl-5-aminomethylcyclohexane (1PD)
- PDA 1,6-
- H6-XDA bis(aminomethyl)cyclohexane
- TMXDA tetramethylxylylenediamine
- NBDA bis(aminomethyl)norbomane
- neopentanediamine 2,4,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, 2,2,4-trimethylhexamethylenediamine, and mixtures thereof.
- Examples of particularly preferred amines are 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (NDA), 1,4-diaminobenzene (pPDA), 1,5-diaminopentane (PDA), 1,6-diaminohexane (HDA), 1-amino-3,5, 5-trimethyl-5-aminomethylcyclohexane (1PDA), bis(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane (PACM), 1,5-diamino-2-methylpentane, 2,5-diamino-2,5-dimethylhexane, 1,4-diaminocyclohexane, Hexahydrotoluylenediamine (H6TDA), in particular 2,4-hexahydrotoluylenediamine and 2,6-hexahydrotoluylenediamine, 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)benzene (m-XDA), 1,4-bis(aminomethyl)benzene (
- amines examples include 1,5-diaminonaphthalene (NDA), 1,4-diaminobenzene (pPDA), 1,5-diaminopentane (PDA), bis(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane (PACM), hexahydrotoluenediamine (H6TDA), in particular 2,4-hexahydrotoluenediamine and 2,6-hexahydrotoluenediamine, 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)benzene (m-XDA) as well as
- NDA 1,5-diaminonaphthalene
- pPDA 1,4-diaminobenzene
- PAM 1,5-diaminopentane
- PAM bis(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane
- H6TDA hexahydrotoluenediamine
- m-XDA 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)benzene
- NBDA Bis(aminomethyl)norbomane
- NDA 1,5-diaminonaphthalene
- pPDA 1,4-diaminobenzene
- PAM bis(p-aminocyclohexyl)methane
- m-XDA 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)benzene
- m-XDA 1,3-bis(aminomethyl)norbomane and mixtures thereof.
- phosgenate their salts in particular the hydrochlorides or carbamates, preferably the hydrochlorides of the amines.
- These salts are then generally prepared in a first step in situ at low temperature, as described, for example, in DE19510259A1, it being possible for the introduction of the inert gas to be dispensed with. It is preferred to phosgenate the amines directly (base phosgenation) in a two-stage reaction at different reaction temperatures (cold/hot phosgenation).
- the reaction can take place in the presence of a solvent.
- a solvent In the case of a gas-phase phosgenation, the presence of a solvent is often dispensed with during the reaction itself and instead this is only added after the reaction in order to cool the reaction products rapidly. This process is also referred to as quenching.
- All solvents known to those skilled in the art which are inert to the prevailing reaction conditions are suitable.
- Preferred solvents are selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, especially chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, ethers and halogenated hydrocarbons and mixtures thereof.
- Aromatic hydrocarbons used with particular preference according to the invention are selected from the group consisting of toluene, bromobenzene, chlorobenzene, dichlorobenzene, in particular o-dichlorobenzene, and mixtures thereof. According to the invention, particular preference is given to using chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene or mixtures of these two solvents.
- the reaction is preferably carried out in the condensed phase, ie as a so-called liquid-phase phosgenation, it also being possible for solids and gases to be present in the essentially liquid reaction mixture.
- the process according to the invention for the preparation of isocyanates is particularly advantageous for industrial processes in which the reaction of the at least one amine or amine salt with phosgene takes place batchwise.
- the batchwise production of isocyanates also referred to as batch or semi-batch operation, is characterized by particularly strong fluctuations both in the total mass flow and in the composition of the process exhaust gas.
- the reaction takes place batchwise in the condensed phase.
- batchwise reaction means that the liquid reaction product is not removed continuously from the reactor or reactors, but the liquid reaction product is essentially only removed from a reactor and transferred to a raw product template or directly for further processing when the reaction to the Isocyanate is finished in this reactor.
- Various methods are known to those skilled in the art for determining the end point of the reaction.
- the so-called clear point is usually used, i.e. the point in time at which a clear solution has formed from the initially present suspension during the hot phosgenation.
- the end of the development of HCl gas can also be used, or a constant NCO content in the reaction mixture.
- part of the liquid reaction mixture can also be removed from the reactor and fed back into it during the reaction, for example to bring about better mixing or to temper the reaction mixture without violating the condition of batchwise phosgenation in the context of the present invention.
- gaseous streams comprising essentially hydrogen chloride, phosgene, inert gas and solvent vapors can be removed from the reactors at any time, even continuously, and processed.
- the reaction is preferably carried out in what is known as a semi-batch process, also referred to as a fed-batch process or feed process, ie amine and/or phosgene and, if appropriate, inert gas are fed in during the reaction, starting from a partial filling of the reactor.
- Stirred tanks are particularly suitable as reactors, but other reactor shapes, for example loop reactors, can in principle also be used.
- the reaction preferably takes place at a pressure of from 1.0 bar(a) to 20 bar(a), preferably from 1.05 bar(a) to 10 bar(a) and particularly preferably from 1.1 bar(a) to 6 bar (a).
- the at least one reactor is preferably equipped with a pressure-maintaining device, for example a control valve, via which process waste gas can escape from the reactor.
- a pressure-maintaining device for example a control valve
- the reaction takes place in the form of a base phosgenation.
- a base phosgenation i.e. the implementation the amines with phosgene
- the reaction is preferably carried out in two stages in the inert solvent.
- Such reactions are, for example, in Siefken, Liebigs Annalen der Chemie, 562 (1949) p. 96.
- the temperature of the reaction mixture is preferably kept in a range between 0 and 100°C.
- a suspension is formed which contains carbamic acid chloride, amine hydrochloride and small amounts of free isocyanate.
- a solution of phosgene in an inert solvent is preferably initially taken and then a solution or suspension of the amine in the same solvent and, if appropriate, further phosgene are added. In this way, the concentration of free amine is kept low and the undesired formation of ureas is suppressed.
- the temperature is increased and is then preferably in a range from 120 to 200.degree. It is maintained in this range while further phosgene is fed in until the conversion to the isocyanate has ended, ie the evolution of HCl has come to a standstill and/or the reaction mixture has cleared up. Phosgene is expediently used in excess. If required, the reaction can be carried out both in the cold and in the hot phosgenation with the introduction of an inert gas.
- a suspension of the amine can also be used for the phosgenation. This is preferably produced by dispersing with a dynamic mixing unit, as described in EP2897933B1, paragraph [0020] to paragraph [0024].
- the amine is preferably first reacted with hydrogen chloride gas or carbon dioxide in an inert liquid medium to produce the corresponding salt.
- the reaction temperature during this salt formation is preferably in a range from 0 to 80°C.
- a first reaction with phosgene can then or simultaneously take place.
- a further phosgenation step then follows, which essentially resembles the hot phosgenation from the base phosgenation described above and is therefore also referred to below as hot phosgenation.
- the temperature is preferably kept in the range from 120 to 200° C. while phosgene and optionally an inert gas are introduced into the reaction mixture. The introduction continues until the conversion to the isocyanate is complete.
- phosgene is preferably used in excess in order to accelerate the reaction.
- the phosgenation is usually carried out using an excess of phosgene, ie more than one mole of phosgene is used per mole of amino groups.
- the molar ratio of total phosgene used to amino groups is preferably from 1.02:1 to 20.0:1, particularly preferably from 1.1:1 to 10.0:1 and very particularly preferably from 1.2:1 to 5.0: 1. If necessary, further phosgene or phosgene solution can be added to the reaction mixture during the reaction, to maintain a sufficient excess of phosgene or to compensate for a loss of phosgene.
- the remaining phosgene and hydrogen chloride gas are in most cases at least partially removed after the reaction has ended, preferably with an inert gas, preferably with nitrogen, blown out or, less preferably , removed under reduced pressure. If necessary, the reaction mixture can be filtered in order to remove any solids present, such as unreacted amine hydrochlorides.
- step A) it is preferred to carry out the reaction in step A) in at least 2 reactors arranged in parallel, particularly preferably in 2 to 10 reactors arranged in parallel, very particularly preferably in 2 to 6 reactors arranged in parallel and most preferably in 2 or 4 reactors arranged in parallel, with at least one reactor being operated asynchronously to at least one of the other reactors.
- the reactor particularly preferably completes the same temperature ramp with a time offset, so that the temperature increase in the transition to the hot phosgenation takes place either before or after the temperature increase in the other reactors.
- the time Offset of at least 5 minutes, more preferably at least 10 minutes and most preferably at least 20 minutes.
- the time offset is also preferably a maximum of 24 hours, preferably a maximum of 8 hours, particularly preferably a maximum of 2 hours and very particularly preferably a maximum of 1 hour.
- the expansion and/or the optional introduction of inert gas into at least two of the reactors arranged in parallel can take place asynchronously, i.e. with a time delay and/or at different speeds, in order to achieve that the associated maximum of the exhaust gas mass flow is lower and/or not coincides with the maximum of the exhaust gas mass flows of the other reactors.
- the expansion and/or the optional introduction of inert gas takes place with the same specifications with regard to the pressure profiles over time or inert gas mass flows as for the other reactors, but with a time offset.
- Phosgene and/or hydrogen chloride are preferably driven off with a time lag of at least 5 minutes, particularly preferably at least 10 minutes and very particularly preferably at least 20 minutes.
- the time offset is also preferably a maximum of 24 hours, preferably a maximum of 8 hours, particularly preferably a maximum of 2 hours and very particularly preferably a maximum of 1 hour.
- the asynchronously operated reactors are operated according to the same operating instructions, but run through the individual process steps with a time offset of at least 5 minutes, preferably at least 10 minutes and particularly preferably at least 20 minutes. It is irrelevant in which direction the temporal offset occurs, ie which reactor runs ahead or behind.
- none of the reactors arranged in parallel is operated synchronously with any of the other reactors. All reactors are preferably operated according to the same operating instructions, but run through the individual process steps with a time offset to one another.
- the first process waste gas generally contains phosgene, hydrogen chloride and, if appropriate, solvent vapors, inert gas and traces of other volatile components of the reaction mixture, such as, for example, amines or isocyanates.
- this process waste gas is separated in at least one absorption device into a phosgene-depleted second waste gas stream and a phosgene-containing absorbent, ie a first phosgene solution.
- the separation in step B) preferably takes place in exactly one absorption device.
- Suitable absorption devices are, for example, gas scrubbers in which the first process exhaust gas flow is mixed with a liquid flow, also called an absorbent or washing medium, in is brought into contact, such as immersion scrubbers, spray scrubbers, packed columns, packed columns, tray columns or falling film absorbers.
- gas scrubbers can also be combined for efficient absorption of the phosgene from the first process waste gas stream. It is preferable to combine two or more, particularly preferably two, gas scrubbers in one absorption device.
- the absorption device comprises a gas scrubber selected from the group consisting of packed columns, structured columns and tray columns, preferably consisting of packed columns and structured columns.
- a particularly suitable absorption device comprises a falling film absorber which is suitable for carrying out isothermal absorption and a tray, packed or packed column, preferably a packed column or packed column, particularly preferably a packed column, which is suitable for carrying out adiabatic absorption.
- the falling film absorber is preferably a vertically arranged tube bundle heat exchanger, with the process exhaust gas and the absorbent being routed both on the tube side and on the shell side of the heat exchanger, preferably on the tube side of the heat exchanger, while a cooling medium is contained in the heat exchanger on the other side Cocurrent or countercurrent, preferably countercurrent to the process exhaust gas flow.
- the process exhaust gas and the absorbent can also be conducted in cocurrent or in countercurrent to one another, preferably in countercurrent to one another.
- the tubes can optionally be provided with random packings, packings or other internals to improve the mass and/or heat exchange.
- the tray, packed or packed column is preferably set up in such a way that the process off-gas from the isothermal gas scrubber is contacted with the absorbent in countercurrent.
- the absorbent is preferably introduced at the upper end of the column via a liquid distributor. It is preferably a packed column with structured packing.
- the falling film absorber and the tray, random packing or structured column are particularly preferably combined in a column-shaped apparatus which comprises a feed line for the process waste gas at the lower end.
- the falling film absorber is arranged above this and the plate, packed or packed column above it.
- Liquid distributors are preferably located above the falling film absorber and at the top of the column-shaped apparatus in order to distribute the absorbent evenly over the tubes or the column.
- At the top of the absorption device there is optionally an internal or external condenser for further cooling of the off-gas stream now depleted in phosgene.
- the second exhaust gas stream with the lowest possible phosgene content usually consists essentially, ie at least 80% by volume, preferably at least 95% by volume and particularly preferably at least 98% by volume, of hydrogen chloride. It also contains residues of the solvent, possibly inert gases and traces of phosgene.
- the phosgene content of this offgas stream is preferably not more than 1.0% by volume, particularly preferably not more than 0.5% by volume and very particularly preferably not more than 0.2% by volume.
- the natural and fundamentally desirable lower limit for the phosgene content in this waste gas stream is 0.00% by volume.
- the phosgene content in the second waste gas stream is therefore preferably at least 0.01% by volume, particularly preferably at least 0.02% by volume and very particularly preferably at least 0.05% by volume.
- first heat the first process waste gas to a temperature in the range from 5° C. to -25° C., preferably in the range from 0° C. to -20° C., particularly preferably in the range from -5 °C to -15 °C.
- the cooling can take place simply by means of one or more heat exchangers or by quenching, ie by contacting the first process exhaust gas with an already cooled liquid in a quenching device. This can be done, for example, in a gas scrubber, preferably a spray scrubber, or in a sprinkler-type heat exchanger.
- the absorbent is suitable as a cooled liquid, for example.
- the absorbent is preferably separated as a liquid after contact with the process waste gas and this liquid is recirculated into the quench device, the liquid circuit or the quench device itself containing a cooler in order to cool the liquid to the desired temperature. Partial condensation or absorption of phosgene occurs during cooling.
- the remaining gas phase is then brought into contact with the absorbent, preferably in countercurrent.
- the ascending gas phase is preferably contacted in countercurrent with the descending liquid absorbent.
- Suitable devices for this are known to those skilled in the art.
- the absorption is preferably a combination of two absorption steps, with the gas preferably first passing through an isothermal absorption and then an adiabatic absorption.
- the mass flow of the absorbent is variable and can be adapted to the prevailing process conditions and the resulting requirements.
- the absorbent is preferably selected from the group consisting of aromatic hydrocarbons, halogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, in particular chlorinated aromatic hydrocarbons, esters, ethers and halogenated hydrocarbons or mixtures thereof. According to the invention, particular preference is given to using chlorobenzene, o-dichlorobenzene or mixtures of these two solvents as the absorbent.
- the absorbent is very particularly preferably chlorobenzene.
- a solvent is used as absorbent in the at least one absorption step, which solvent is preferably the solvent which is also present in the reaction of the at least one amine or its salt.
- fresh or processed absorbent is preferably introduced in the second absorption step, i.e. the absorption step through which the gas later passes, while in the first absorption step preferably already loaded absorbent from the second absorption step, optionally together with fresh absorbent and/or one recycled, also already loaded absorbent from the first absorption step and / or the preceding cooling process is used.
- the gas stream After contact with the absorbent, the gas stream preferably passes through a condenser in order to condense absorbed absorbent and separate it from the gas stream as completely as possible.
- the loaded absorbent can be used as a quench medium in order to initially cool the first process exhaust gas flow.
- Part of the absorbent is removed either continuously or discontinuously and, optionally after enrichment with further phosgene, is used in one of the reactors for the phosgenation of the amine or its salt.
- the loaded absorbent removed is preferably a solution containing 20% by weight to 70% by weight, particularly preferably 30% by weight to 68% by weight and very particularly preferably 42% by weight to 66% by weight wt% phosgene in chlorobenzene.
- the content of the solution depends in particular on the phosgene content of the first process waste gas, on the amount of fresh absorbent for absorption and the amount of absorbent removed.
- a further subject of the invention is a device for separating waste gas streams from a phosgenation reaction comprising at least one, preferably exactly one absorption device for contacting a first process waste gas stream containing hydrogen chloride, phosgene with an absorbent and comprising a computer for controlling the separation, characterized in that the Computer is set up to control the method according to the invention.
- a further subject matter of the invention is a device for separating waste gas streams from a phosgenation reaction
- At least one absorption device for contacting a first process waste gas stream containing hydrogen chloride and phosgene with an absorbent M1 to obtain a phosgene-depleted second waste gas stream with a first phosgene content and a first phosgene solution with a second phosgene content
- a sampling point or an online analyzer can be used, for example, as a device for determining the first phosgene content for the aforementioned devices according to the invention.
- the sampling point is suitable for taking samples from the exhaust gas flow, which can then be analyzed, for example, by means of spectrometric methods, gas chromatography or wet-chemical methods.
- It is preferably an online analyzer which is suitable for determining the phosgene content in the offgas stream using IR spectrometry.
- the device according to the invention preferably comprises at least one device for exhaust gas aftertreatment, the device for determining the first phosgene content in the second exhaust gas stream being arranged between the absorption device and the at least one device for exhaust gas aftertreatment.
- the exhaust gas aftertreatment device is suitable for removing any remaining phosgene from the exhaust gas flow.
- Such devices for exhaust gas aftertreatment are known to those skilled in the art. It can be, for example, alkaline scrubbers or activated carbon towers.
- the advantage of arranging the device for determining the first phosgene content upstream of such an exhaust gas aftertreatment device is that in this way, on the one hand, more direct regulation of the absorption device is made possible and, on the other hand, the aftertreatment can be dispensed with and the exhaust gas is only fed to the exhaust gas aftertreatment device or it is only activated when phosgene is detected in the exhaust gas flow.
- a control valve, a feed pump with a controllable delivery rate or a bypass line with a controllable flow rate can be used, for example, as a device for changing the absorbent mass flow M1 for the device according to the invention.
- the device for changing the absorption medium mass flow M1 is preferably a control valve which is suitable for throttling the flow of the absorption medium in the corresponding feed line.
- a solution of 120 kg of phosgene in 300 kg of chlorobenzene was prepared at 0° C. in a 1 m 3 stirred tank reactor with temperature control device and attached reflux condenser.
- a suspension of 50 kg of 1,5-diaminonaphthalene in 150 kg of chlorobenzene was added to the phosgene solution with stirring. Without further cooling, the suspension was stirred for about 120 minutes before the transition from the cold phosgenation phase to the hot phosgenation phase took place. To do this, the reaction mixture was heated and then refluxed for about 6 hours. The pressure during the reaction was about 2.9 bar(a). After the reaction mixture had become clear, which indicates the end of the phosgenation reaction, the reactors were first let down. Then the crude liquid product was drained and the isocyanate isolated in a distillation sequence.
- the process off-gas was fed to a two-stage absorption column, in which it was countercurrently scrubbed with chlorobenzene.
- the process exhaust gas first passed through an isothermal absorption stage at approx. -15 °C and then an adiabatic absorption stage before it left the process as exhaust gas.
- Fresh chlorobenzene was fed at -5°C at the top of the adiabatic absorption stage.
- the mass flow of fresh chlorobenzene to the absorption column was about 20 kg/h.
- the solution of phosgene in chlorobenzene obtained there was passed on to the isothermal absorption stage as a scrubbing solution, so that ultimately a solution of phosgene in MCB was removed at the bottom of the two-stage absorption column, which, after adjusting the phosgene concentration, was used as starting material for further phosgenations served.
- the concentration of the phosgene solution removed fell in the course of the reaction, so that an increasing amount of fresh phosgene had to be added to adjust the phosgene concentration for renewed use.
- the process waste gas mass flow from the reactor passed through a maximum of 70 kg/h during the transition to the hot phosgenation and the process waste gas consisted of about 90% phosgene and about 10% hydrogen chloride.
- the ratio of chlorobenzene to phosgene at the entrance to the absorption column was correspondingly about 0.3:1 at this point in time, and a stream of hydrogen chloride freed of phosgene was obtained at the exit of the absorption column.
- the total mass flow of process waste gas fell and the composition shifted towards higher hydrogen chloride contents.
- phosgene was breaking through into the exhaust gas of the absorption column in this phase. 5.2% by volume of phosgene in the off-gas stream was determined by IR measurement.
- the ratio of hydrogen chloride to phosgene at the entrance to the absorption column was about 1.3:1 at this point.
- Comparative Example 1 The synthesis from Comparative Example 1 was repeated under the same reaction conditions. Unlike in Comparative Example 1, the absorption device was not subjected to a constant mass flow of chlorobenzene here. Instead, this was varied as a function of the phosgene mass flow in the process exhaust gas, so that the mass flow of fresh hydrogen chloride in the absorption column always corresponded to 1.3 times the mass flow of phosgene in the absorption column, provided the minimum irrigation density of the absorption column was not fallen below.
- Example 1 (according to the invention):
- Comparative Example 1 The synthesis from Comparative Example 1 was repeated, with a control system which controls the mass flow of absorbent being set up for operating the absorption column.
- a control system which controls the mass flow of absorbent being set up for operating the absorption column.
- the phosgene content in the exhaust gas from the absorption device was monitored using an online 1R measurement.
- the target value for the phosgene content was set at 0.05% by volume and the deviation of the measured value from this target value ultimately acted via a control circuit on a control valve in the feed line for the fresh chlorobenzene in order to adjust the chlorobenzene mass flow to the absorption column accordingly and the deviation to keep as low as possible.
- Example 1 The synthesis from Example 1 was repeated with a different control concept.
- the main focus was on a constant phosgene content of the phosgene solution obtained at the bottom of the absorption column (bottom concentration control).
- this concentration was determined as a control variable and compared with the desired target value.
- This control difference was evaluated and the mass flow at MCB to the absorption column was automatically adjusted so that the difference was minimized.
- an override concept was implemented.
- a threshold value of 0.05% by volume was set for the phosgene content in the exhaust gas downstream of the absorption column; if this was exceeded, the bottom concentration control was deactivated and the MCB mass flow to the absorption column was increased by a predefined value until the phosgene content of the exhaust gas had fallen below the threshold again.
- the reaction in example 3 was carried out in two identically equipped reactors arranged in parallel. The total batch size was divided equally between the two reactors and the reaction was carried out in the two reactors with a time offset of 3 hours.
- the process waste gas was combined in a collecting line and fed to the absorption device, which was otherwise operated with a control system as in example 1. Since the maximum mass flows of process waste gas from the two reactors did not occur at the same time, the maximum gas load on the absorption column was also lower. The observed phosgene content in the exhaust fluctuated between 0.04% by volume and 0.07% by volume.
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EP22156145.9A EP4227292A1 (de) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
EP22156144.2A EP4227291A1 (de) | 2022-02-10 | 2022-02-10 | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
EP22156144.2 | 2022-02-10 | ||
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Citations (9)
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US4233267A (en) | 1977-01-18 | 1980-11-11 | Fiberglas Canada Limited | Combined batch reactor system and continuous distillation apparatus |
DE19510259A1 (de) | 1994-03-22 | 1995-09-28 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals | Verfahren zur Herstellung von aliphatischen Polyisocyanaten |
DE10260084A1 (de) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-01 | Basf Ag | Auftrennung eines Stoffgemisches aus Clorwasserstoff und Phosgen |
US20070249859A1 (en) | 2006-04-24 | 2007-10-25 | Matthias Bohm | Process for the production of isocyanates |
DE102008009761A1 (de) | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-27 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten |
EP2897933B1 (de) | 2012-09-24 | 2017-06-07 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von diisocyanaten durch phosgenierung von diaminsuspensionen |
US20180044179A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2018-02-15 | Basf Se | Separation of a phosgene- and hydrogen chloride-comprising stream |
EP3524591A1 (de) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-14 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
US20200039925A1 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-06 | Covestro Llc | Method for producing two isocyanates |
-
2023
- 2023-02-03 KR KR1020247026523A patent/KR20240148832A/ko unknown
- 2023-02-03 WO PCT/EP2023/052656 patent/WO2023152039A1/de active Application Filing
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US4233267A (en) | 1977-01-18 | 1980-11-11 | Fiberglas Canada Limited | Combined batch reactor system and continuous distillation apparatus |
DE19510259A1 (de) | 1994-03-22 | 1995-09-28 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals | Verfahren zur Herstellung von aliphatischen Polyisocyanaten |
DE10260084A1 (de) * | 2002-12-19 | 2004-07-01 | Basf Ag | Auftrennung eines Stoffgemisches aus Clorwasserstoff und Phosgen |
US20070249859A1 (en) | 2006-04-24 | 2007-10-25 | Matthias Bohm | Process for the production of isocyanates |
EP1849767A1 (de) * | 2006-04-24 | 2007-10-31 | Bayer MaterialScience LLC | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten |
DE102008009761A1 (de) | 2008-02-19 | 2009-08-27 | Bayer Materialscience Ag | Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanaten |
EP2897933B1 (de) | 2012-09-24 | 2017-06-07 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von diisocyanaten durch phosgenierung von diaminsuspensionen |
US20180044179A1 (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2018-02-15 | Basf Se | Separation of a phosgene- and hydrogen chloride-comprising stream |
EP3524591A1 (de) * | 2018-02-13 | 2019-08-14 | Covestro Deutschland AG | Verfahren zur herstellung von isocyanaten |
US20200039925A1 (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-02-06 | Covestro Llc | Method for producing two isocyanates |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
Title |
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W. SIEFKEN, LIEBIGS ANNALEN DER CHEMIE, vol. 562, 1949, pages 96 |
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