WO2023025646A1 - Verfahren zur herstellung einer manganhaltigen schmelze - Google Patents
Verfahren zur herstellung einer manganhaltigen schmelze Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2023025646A1 WO2023025646A1 PCT/EP2022/073054 EP2022073054W WO2023025646A1 WO 2023025646 A1 WO2023025646 A1 WO 2023025646A1 EP 2022073054 W EP2022073054 W EP 2022073054W WO 2023025646 A1 WO2023025646 A1 WO 2023025646A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- manganese ore
- gas
- hydrogen
- reduction
- reduced
- Prior art date
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- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 89
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 title description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 74
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 57
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 32
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 15
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000000112 cooling gas Substances 0.000 description 13
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 8
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBOXTJCIIVUZEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[O] Chemical class [C].[O] OBOXTJCIIVUZEN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron manganese Chemical compound [Mn].[Fe] DALUDRGQOYMVLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009847 ladle furnace Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003746 solid phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010671 solid-state reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003464 sulfur compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- -1 sun Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/14—Agglomerating; Briquetting; Binding; Granulating
- C22B1/24—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating
- C22B1/2406—Binding; Briquetting ; Granulating pelletizing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B4/00—Electrothermal treatment of ores or metallurgical products for obtaining metals or alloys
- C22B4/04—Heavy metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B47/00—Obtaining manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/12—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases
- C22B5/14—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes by gases fluidised material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B9/00—General processes of refining or remelting of metals; Apparatus for electroslag or arc remelting of metals
- C22B9/05—Refining by treating with gases, e.g. gas flushing also refining by means of a material generating gas in situ
Definitions
- the invention relates to a method for producing a manganese-containing melt.
- This reduction of manganese ore requires a carbon source in the form of a carbonaceous reducing gas so that carbon can be intercalated in the reduced manganese ore.
- This can be advantageous during further processing if this carbon is an alloy component of the subsequent melt. Otherwise, depending on its later use, the carbon must be removed from the melt during melting or during liquid treatment by further additives and/or blowing processes, in particular with oxygen, which makes the manufacturing process less economical.
- the object of the present invention is to further develop this method in such a way that a carbon-reduced manganese-containing melt can be produced.
- the chemical composition depends very much on where the manganese ore was found and mined.
- the preferred manganese ore used comprises, for example, in oxidic form: manganese with at least 30%, in particular at least 35%, preferably at least 40%; Remainder at least one or more of the components in oxidic form: iron, silicon, aluminum, calcium and/or magnesium and impurities, the impurities amounting to up to 5% and for example at least one of the components sulfur, phosphorus, lead and/or zinc can contain .
- Reduced manganese ore means that there is a reduction or a degree of metallization of at least 60%, in particular at least 70%, preferably at least 80%.
- the manganese-containing melt is essentially produced from the reduced manganese ore in the electric furnace.
- the electric furnace can also be supplied with additives or additives, in particular in the form of iron-containing scrap, in order to produce iron-manganese-containing melts, for example, if there is not enough iron in the manganese ore.
- Steels with a high manganese content can preferably be produced from these melts. If necessary, further additives can be added to achieve the desired target composition of the melt.
- Manganese-containing melt means a manganese content of at least 15% by weight, in particular at least 20% by weight, preferably at least 30% by weight, preferably at least 40% by weight, particularly preferably at least 50% by weight, more preferably at least 60% by weight.
- Hydrogen-containing reducing gases can contain a portion of carbon-oxygen compounds (CO, CO 2 ) up to 35% by volume, in particular up to 25% by volume, preferably up to 20% by volume, preferably up to 10% by volume. % contain.
- the hydrogen-containing reducing gas has methane (CH 4 ) as its main component.
- methane which essentially comprises methane
- NG Natural gas
- methane can also be produced from renewable raw materials, for example from biomass or biogas production, i.e. guasi biomethane.
- the hydrogen-containing reducing gas essentially consists of hydrogen and is optionally carbon-free.
- the reduction work can be carried out all the more effectively and when only hydrogen is used and thus no carbon is used, no carbon can be deposited in and/or on the manganese ore or the reduced manganese ore cannot be enriched with carbon during the reduction.
- Hydrogen can be generated in different ways, for example by reforming processes or water electrolysis. The industrial production of hydrogen is energy-intensive, so that renewable energies (wind, water, sun, biomass) or low-carbon energies (nuclear energy) are preferably used.
- the hydrogen-containing reducing gas can contain other components such as water vapor and unavoidable impurities such as sulfur compounds and/or nitrogen.
- the hydrogen-containing reducing gas is heated to a temperature between 500°C and 1200°C. Before being fed in, the hydrogen-containing reducing gas is heated in a gas heater to the temperature required to bring about the reduction of the manganese ore.
- a gas heater Before being fed in, the hydrogen-containing reducing gas is heated in a gas heater to the temperature required to bring about the reduction of the manganese ore.
- the hydrogen-containing reducing gas does not have to be heated to such high process temperatures, since the reduction of the manganese ore, see Baur-Glässner diagram, can take place at low temperatures. Exceeding 1200°C must be avoided in order to reliably prevent the (reduced) manganese ore from melting during reduction.
- the reduction is carried out in a pressure range between 1 and 20 bar.
- the pressure is in particular at least 3 bar, preferably at least 5 bar.
- the advantages of a pressurized reduction area are in particular the higher efficiency of the process.
- the reduction area can be made smaller at higher pressures compared to low pressures.
- lower throughput speeds can be implemented in the process.
- the melting is carried out in an electric reduction furnace.
- Submerged Electric Arc Furnace are resistance arc heating furnaces that form electric arcs between the electrode and the charge or slag or that heat the charge or slag using the Joule effect.
- the electrode or electrodes if there are several
- the submerged arc furnaces can be designed as alternating current arc reduction furnaces (SAFac) or direct current arc reduction furnaces (SAFdc).
- SAFac alternating current arc reduction furnaces
- SAFdc direct current arc reduction furnaces
- the functional principle/ mode of operation differs from that of the melting furnaces with direct arcing (Electric Arc Furnace EAF), which form arcs between the electrode and the metal. This includes the AC Arc Melter (EAFac), DC Arc Melter (EAFdc) and Ladle Furnace LF.
- SAF arc resistance heating
- EAF Direct arc arc
- the melting is carried out in a temperature range between 1300°C and 2000°C. At least 1300°C must be set in order to be able to melt the reduced manganese ore.
- a higher temperature can be selected in order in particular to be able to melt additives or additives with, for example, higher melting points than 1300°C.
- the temperature is to be limited to 2000° C., in particular to a maximum of 1800° C., preferably to a maximum of 1700° C., in order to essentially avoid evaporation of manganese and to avoid the formation of carbides.
- the manganese ore runs through a shaft furnace in a vertical direction, from top to bottom due to gravity.
- Such shaft furnaces allow a good flow of reducing gas through the manganese ore due to the underlying chimney effect.
- the reducing gas flows through against a direction of movement of the manganese ore.
- the reduction zone is arranged above a cooling zone in the shaft furnace, with a cooling gas flowing through the cooling zone.
- the reduced manganese ore is cooled according to one embodiment of the method, in particular actively cooled, preferably by means of a cooling gas.
- the method thus provides that the manganese ore is first reduced and then the reduced manganese ore is cooled, with the reduced manganese ore in particular being cooled in the lower part of the shaft furnace. Accordingly, the cooling gas also flows through in the opposite direction to the direction of movement of the reduced manganese ore within the shaft furnace.
- the cooling gas serves to cool the reduced manganese ore to a temperature suitable for onward transport, for example below 100°C.
- a carbon-free cooling gas is used in particular, for example a hydrogen-containing cooling gas or an inert gas such as nitrogen.
- the manganese ore can pass through a rotary kiln in a horizontal direction. The manganese ore can thus be reduced in a rotary kiln.
- the reduction of the manganese ore can be carried out in one or more fluidized bed reactors.
- a fluidized bed reactor a fine-grained solid bed is whirled up by the gas flowing in continuously from below via a gas distributor. This also enables efficient reaction between the gases and the solids.
- Manganese ore (MnO) in particular in the form of pellets, comprises, for example, in oxidic form: manganese with at least 30%, the remainder at least one or more of the components in oxidic form: iron, silicon, aluminum, calcium and/or magnesium, and impurities up to 5 % is introduced at the upper end of the shaft furnace (10).
- the reduced manganese ore (Mn) is removed, in particular with gangue.
- a reduction zone (11) and optionally a cooling zone (12) are arranged in the shaft furnace (10).
- the reduction zone (11) is arranged above the optional cooling zone (12).
- the cooling zone (12) is not absolutely necessary if hot use of the hot reduced manganese ore leaving the reduction zone (11) is possible.
- the hydrogen-containing reducing gas (41) flows through the manganese ore in the reduction zone (11) according to the countercurrent principle, thus counter to the direction of movement of the manganese ore.
- the hydrogen-containing reducing gas (41) is passed through a gas heater (30) and heated to a temperature of up to 1200 °C.
- the hydrogen-containing reducing gas (41) comprises a fresh gas (FG), either natural gas (methane, CH 4 ) or hydrogen (H 2 ) or biogas or a mixture thereof.
- the fresh gas (FG) can be mixed with a recycled, processed gas (RG), which is processed from the process gas (40) discharged from the reduction zone (11) of the shaft furnace (10).
- the discharged process gas (40) can be composed of unused reduction gas from any gaseous reaction products.
- the discharged process gas (40) can be hydrogen (H 2 ), at least one compound or mixture of carbon and oxygen (CO, CO 2 ) and/or at least one hydrogen-containing ge compound (H 2 0, CH 4 ) and unavoidable impurities include.
- the discharged process gas (40) can be fed to a first process step, in which at least one compound or mixture of the process gas and/or at least parts of the unavoidable impurities are separated and/or separated, for example in a unit for process gas cleaning and dedusting, in which at least one Part of the unavoidable impurities are separated from the discharged process gas (40).
- the process gas can be passed through a unit, for example through a condenser, and cooled accordingly, so that the water vapor (H 2 O) present in the process gas is condensed and thus separated from the process gas.
- the process gas is "dehumidified" by condensing and discharging the condensate.
- CO 2 carbon dioxide
- the process gas which has been freed from carbon dioxide can be used partially or completely, represented by dashed lines, as (partial) gas b) for firing the gas heater (30). If not enough (partial) gas b) is available, a corresponding fuel gas is made available partially or completely to fire the gas heater (30).
- the process gas that has been freed from carbon dioxide or the recycled, processed gas (RG) can also be fed back into the direct reduction process in a further process step, either additionally or alternatively, by being mixed with the fresh gas (FG), in particular before the mixture is mixed in the gas heater (30). a temperature between 500 and 1200 °C is heated.
- the hot reduction gas (41) can also be supplied with oxygen (O 2 ) in order to increase the reactivity of the hydrogen-containing reduction gas (41) in the reduction zone (11) and thus the heat input.
- the reduced manganese ore After exiting the reduction zone (11), the reduced manganese ore enters the optional cooling zone (12).
- the reduced manganese ore has a temperature in the range of 500 to 800 °C.
- Cooling gas (42) also flows through the reduced manganese ore in the cooling zone (12) counter to the direction of movement of the reduced manganese ore. Unused cooling gas reappears as process gas (43) together with any gaseous reaction products out of.
- a certain proportion of the cooling gas (42) can enter the reduction zone (11).
- a certain proportion of the hydrogen-containing reducing gas (41) can also enter the cooling zone (12). Mixtures of cooling gas (42) and reducing gas (41) can therefore occur at the transition between reduction zone (11) and cooling zone (12).
- the cooling gas (42) can include, for example, a hydrogen-containing cooling gas or an inert gas (N 2 ).
- the reduced and cooled manganese ore (Mn) can be removed in the lower area of the shaft furnace (10) and fed to further processing in a known manner.
- the pressure range when reducing can be set between 1 and 20 bar.
- Cooling of the reduced manganese ore can be omitted if hot charging is possible.
- the reduced manganese ore (Mn) is melted in the submerged arc furnace (20), with the melting in particular being carried out in a reducing atmosphere.
- additives or additives (X) can be introduced, depending on the desired composition of the manganese-containing melt (Mn, lig) to be produced.
- the electric reduction furnace (20) is particularly preferably designed as a melting furnace with arc resistance heating of the SAF type.
- a layer of slag forms on the manganese-containing melt, which results from the gangue of the manganese ore or reduced manganese ore and the optional additives or additives.
- the electrodes can continue to protrude into the slag in order to maintain the melting operation through resistance heating and to avoid solidification. This heating is thus transferred from the slag layer to the manganese-containing melt.
- the electrodes, not shown, can be designed as so-called Söderberg electrodes.
- the melting is carried out in a temperature range between 1300°C and 2000°C.
- the particularly preferred mode of operation for direct reduction of manganese ore (MnO) to reduced manganese ore (Mn) provides hydrogen (H 2 ) as fresh gas (FG) and thus as hydrogen-containing reducing gas (41), which is not mixed with a recycled, processed gas (RG). and after being heated to a temperature between 500 and 1200° C., it is introduced into the reduction zone (11) of the shaft furnace (10).
- the reaction when using hydrogen (H 2 ) is essentially based on:
- a cooling zone (12) through direct hot application is therefore preferably not necessary.
- the process gas (40) discharged from the shaft furnace (10) above the reduction zone (11) is, as shown in Figure 1, after its "dehumidification” completely fed to the gas heater (30) as fuel gas (as gas a)), shown in dashed lines, and is not added to the fresh gas (FG) and mixed with it.
- the particularly preferred configuration makes it possible to enable a direct reduction process with hydrogen (41) and thus reduced carburization of the manganese ore. Furthermore, the CO 2 emissions can also be reduced as a result.
- the invention can also be carried out in a cascade of fluidized bed reactors.
- At least one fluidized bed reactor forms a reduction zone and, depending on the circumstances and if hot use is not possible, at least one further fluidized bed reactor in the cascade can be used as a cooling zone.
- the manganese ore would in a first fluidized bed reactor, possibly also in a second and optionally in a third fluidized bed reactor, successively pass through as a cooling zone and be gradually converted into reduced manganese ore.
- the reduced manganese ore can be cooled using cooling gas.
- the principle essentially corresponds to that of a shaft furnace, but distributed over several fluidized bed reactors instead of one shaft.
- the number of fluidized bed reactors can be interconnected as required.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
AU2022333208A AU2022333208A1 (en) | 2021-08-27 | 2022-08-18 | Method for producing a melt containing manganese |
EP22768303.4A EP4392587A1 (de) | 2021-08-27 | 2022-08-18 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer manganhaltigen schmelze |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE102021122230.3 | 2021-08-27 | ||
DE102021122230.3A DE102021122230A1 (de) | 2021-08-27 | 2021-08-27 | Verfahren zur Herstellung einer manganhaltigen Schmelze |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
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WO2023025646A1 true WO2023025646A1 (de) | 2023-03-02 |
Family
ID=83271472
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2022/073054 WO2023025646A1 (de) | 2021-08-27 | 2022-08-18 | Verfahren zur herstellung einer manganhaltigen schmelze |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP4392587A1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2022333208A1 (de) |
DE (1) | DE102021122230A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2023025646A1 (de) |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030047038A1 (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2003-03-13 | Katsuhiro Iwasaki | Method and apparatus for metal smelting |
WO2016172790A1 (en) | 2015-04-26 | 2016-11-03 | Hatch Ltd. | Process and apparatus for producing high-manganese steels |
US20190300982A1 (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-10-03 | Environmental Clean Technologies Limited | Low temperature direct reduction of metal oxides via the in situ production of reducing gas |
Family Cites Families (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2745730A (en) | 1952-01-29 | 1956-05-15 | Pickands Mather & Co | Process of reducing manganese ores |
-
2021
- 2021-08-27 DE DE102021122230.3A patent/DE102021122230A1/de active Pending
-
2022
- 2022-08-18 WO PCT/EP2022/073054 patent/WO2023025646A1/de active Application Filing
- 2022-08-18 AU AU2022333208A patent/AU2022333208A1/en active Pending
- 2022-08-18 EP EP22768303.4A patent/EP4392587A1/de active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US20030047038A1 (en) * | 1999-09-06 | 2003-03-13 | Katsuhiro Iwasaki | Method and apparatus for metal smelting |
WO2016172790A1 (en) | 2015-04-26 | 2016-11-03 | Hatch Ltd. | Process and apparatus for producing high-manganese steels |
US20190300982A1 (en) * | 2016-11-23 | 2019-10-03 | Environmental Clean Technologies Limited | Low temperature direct reduction of metal oxides via the in situ production of reducing gas |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
AU2022333208A1 (en) | 2024-02-08 |
DE102021122230A1 (de) | 2023-03-02 |
EP4392587A1 (de) | 2024-07-03 |
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