WO2023098863A1

WO2023098863A1 - Antenna and electronic device

Info

Publication number: WO2023098863A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/136163
Authority: WO
Inventors: 简宪静
Original assignee: 维沃移动通信有限公司
Priority date: 2021-12-02
Filing date: 2022-12-02
Publication date: 2023-06-08
Also published as: CN114256619A

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of antennas. Disclosed are an antenna and an electronic device. The antenna comprises: tapered slots, wherein the tapered slots are provided in a grounded metal layer, and the tapered slots comprise a first tapered slot and a second tapered slot, which first tapered slot and second tapered slot are distributed symmetrically with the narrow ends thereof being close to the axis of symmetry; and a coplanar waveguide feeder line, wherein the coplanar waveguide feeder line is located between the first tapered slot and the second tapered slot, and is connected to a signal end of an antenna chip.

Description

Antennas and Electronics

Cross References to Related Applications

This application claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202111462610.X filed on December 02, 2021, the entire content of which is hereby incorporated by reference.

technical field

The present application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and in particular relates to an antenna and electronic equipment.

Background technique

With the development of communication technology, the era of Internet of Everything is coming, and users have put forward higher requirements for the performance of antennas in electronic devices. For example, with the development of ultra-wideband technology (Ultra Wide Band, UWB), more and more electronic devices will be equipped with UWB antennas to achieve indoor positioning, object finding and other functions.

In the related art, the UWB antenna of an electronic device generally adopts a patch antenna, which has the problems of narrow bandwidth, complex structure, and high cost, which affects user experience. In order to improve the natural performance and obtain a good communication effect, how to design the antenna has become a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the embodiments of the present application is to provide an antenna and an electronic device to solve the problems of narrow antenna bandwidth, complex structure, and high cost.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna, the antenna comprising: a gradient slot disposed on a ground metal layer, and the gradient slot includes a first gradient slot and a second gradient slot slot, the first tapered slot and the second tapered slot are distributed symmetrically and the narrower end is close to the symmetry axis; coplanar waveguide feeder line, the coplanar waveguide feeder line is located between the first tapered slot and the second tapered slot Between the two gradient slots, and connected to the signal end of the antenna chip.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes the antenna as described in the first aspect.

In the embodiment of the present application, by providing an antenna, the antenna includes: a gradient slot, the gradient slot is disposed on the ground metal layer, and the gradient slot includes a first gradient slot and a second gradient slot , the first tapered slot and the second tapered slot are distributed symmetrically and the narrower end is close to the symmetry axis; the coplanar waveguide feeder line is located between the first tapered slot and the second tapered slot Between the gradient slots and connected to the signal end of the antenna chip, the problems of narrow bandwidth, complex structure and high cost of the antenna can be solved.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or related technologies, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the descriptions of the embodiments or related technologies. It should be further understood that the exemplary embodiments and descriptions of the present application are used to explain the present application, and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present application.

FIG. 1 is a schematic front view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of an antenna according to another embodiment of the present application;

Fig. 4 a is the _S11 curve of an embodiment of not adding the third bar-shaped slot and the fourth bar-shaped slot according to the present application;

Fig. 4 b is the _S11 curve of an embodiment of adding the third bar-shaped slot and the fourth bar-shaped slot according to the present application;

Fig. 4c is an antenna gain curve according to an embodiment of the present application adding a third strip-shaped slot and a fourth strip-shaped slot.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the application will be clearly described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the application, not all of them. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of this application.

As shown in FIG. 1 , it is a schematic front view of an antenna according to an embodiment of the present application.

The antenna includes a tapered slot, and the tapered slot is disposed on the ground metal layer 50 .

The ground metal layer 50 is disposed on the dielectric substrate 70 , as shown in FIG. 2 . The ground metal layer 50 may have a multi-layer structure, and the embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the ground metal layer 50 .

It should be understood that the progressive slot includes a first edge and a second edge. The first edge and the second edge are non-parallel such that the tapered slot has a narrower end. The distance between the first edge and the second edge is the width of the gradient slot. The slot width of the tapered slot increases gradually in a direction away from the narrower end. For example, the gradient slot is a slot with a triangular structure, with a vertex in the triangular structure as the narrower end of the slit, and the slot width of the triangular structure is in a direction away from the vertex Gradually increase.

The slot width of the gradually changing slot gradually increases in the direction away from the narrower end, which can avoid sudden changes in impedance and make the change of antenna impedance with frequency more gentle, thereby effectively expanding the bandwidth of the antenna.

In the embodiment of the present application, the transition slots include a first transition slot 11 and a second transition slot 12, and the first transition slot 11 and the second transition slot 12 are symmetrically arranged on the ground metal layer 50 . It can be seen from FIG. 1 that the distance between the first edge 111 of the first gradient slot 11 and the second edge 112 of the first gradient slot 11 is the distance between the first gradient slot 11 The slot width gradually increases along the positive direction of the y-axis; the distance between the first edge 121 of the second gradient slot 12 and the second edge 122 of the second gradient slot 12 is the The slot width of the gradient slot 12 increases gradually along the negative direction of the y-axis. The first tapered slots 11 and the second tapered slots 12 are distributed symmetrically and the narrower end is close to the axis of symmetry. Wherein, the symmetrically distributed structure of the first tapered slots 11 and the second tapered slots 12 is easy to control impedance.

The antenna has good bilateral radiation characteristics through the first tapered slot 11 and the second tapered slot 12, that is, both the positive direction of the z-axis and the negative direction of the z-axis have radiation, which is close to an omnidirectional antenna and covers And a wide range of applications.

The antenna also includes a coplanar waveguide feeder 20, the coplanar waveguide feeder 20 is located between the first tapered slot 11 and the second tapered slot 12, one end of the coplanar waveguide feeder 20 is connected to the antenna The signal end of the chip 40 is connected, and the other end is opposite to the narrower end of the tapered slot, that is, the other end of the coplanar waveguide feeder 20 is connected to the first tapered slot 11 and the second tapered slot 12 The coplanar waveguide feeder 20 is used to feed power to the first tapered slot 11 and the second tapered slot 12 .

In an implementation manner, the antenna chip 40 may be packaged on the ground metal layer 50 by a surface mount technology, as shown in FIG. 2 .

Compared with other feeding methods, such as coaxial feeding, microstrip feeding, coupling feeding, etc., the embodiment of this application adopts the coplanar waveguide feeding method, which has strong anti-interference ability and makes the antenna easy to integrate with other circuits and devices . In other words, the use of the coplanar waveguide feeding method can prevent the traces or other components laid on the ground metal layer 50 from interfering with the performance of the antenna. The traces arranged on the ground metal layer 50 are not shown in the figure, and other devices arranged on the ground metal layer 50 are, for example, other devices 61 and other devices 62, and the other devices may include capacitors, inductors, resistors , IC, etc.

Therefore, an antenna provided by an embodiment of the present application includes: a gradual slot, the gradual slot is disposed on the ground metal layer, and the gradual slot includes a first gradual slot and a second gradual slot , the first tapered slot and the second tapered slot are distributed symmetrically and the narrower end is close to the symmetry axis; the coplanar waveguide feeder line is located between the first tapered slot and the second tapered slot Between the gradient slots and connected to the signal end of the antenna chip, on the one hand, it can make the change of the antenna impedance with the frequency more gentle, effectively expand the bandwidth, and make the antenna have good bilateral radiation characteristics, close to the omnidirectional antenna , wide coverage and application range, while improving the anti-interference ability of the antenna, on the other hand, compared with the patch antenna, the antenna has a simple structure and greatly reduces the cost.

In an implementation manner, the coplanar waveguide feeder 20 includes a first strip-shaped slot 21 and a second strip-shaped slot 22 arranged in parallel on the ground metal layer, and the first strip-shaped slot 21 and the metal wire 23 between the second bar-shaped slot 22 . The first strip-shaped slot 21 communicates with the narrower end of the first tapered slot 11, and the second strip-shaped slot 22 communicates with the narrower end of the second tapered slot 12, as shown in FIG. 1.

One end of the metal wire 23 between the first strip-shaped slot 21 and the second strip-shaped slot 22 is connected to the signal end of the antenna chip 40 , and the other end is opposite to the narrower end of the tapered slot.

In an implementation manner, the angle range of the narrower end of the progressive slot is 15°-45°. In addition, taking FIG. 1 as an example, the length of the gradual change slot along the y-axis can be set according to actual needs. It should be understood that the longer the length of the tapered slot along the y-axis, the larger the volume of the antenna and the wider the bandwidth.

In one implementation, the shape of the gradual change slot is triangular. As shown in FIG. The narrower end of the is opposite a pair of sides.

In another implementation manner, the shape of the gradual change slot is fan-shaped. As shown in FIG. 3 , both the first gradual change slot 11 and the second gradual change slot 12 are fan-shaped. It can be seen that the narrower end of the tapered slot is opposite a smooth arc. Among them, compared with the triangular gradient slots, the fan-shaped gradient slots can further make the impedance change more gentle, and further expand the bandwidth of the antenna.

In one implementation, the antenna further includes a connected third strip-shaped slot 31 and a fourth strip-shaped slot 32, the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 are located at The tapered slot is away from the side of the coplanar waveguide feeder 20 . As shown in FIG. 1 , the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 connected at the ends form a V-shaped slot 30 .

In an implementation manner, the third strip-shaped slot 31 is parallel to the first edge 111 of the first gradient slot 11 , and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 is parallel to the second gradient slot 12 The first edges 121 are parallel to each other.

Through the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32, a gain attenuation can be formed in a specific frequency band to realize the function of band-stop filtering. In other words, the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 are equivalent to band rejection filters.

The length and width of the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 and the distance from the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 to the gradient slot The distance can be set according to actual needs to adjust the band stop frequency.

In an implementation manner, the groove width of the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 is 0.1 mm-1 mm, and the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 31 The distance from the strip slot 32 to the gradient slot is 0.5mm-5mm.

For example, the antenna is a UWB antenna, and the antenna chip 40 is a UWB chip. In this case, in order to prevent the WIFI signal from interfering with the UWB antenna, the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the The length and width of the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 and the distance from the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 to the gradient slot. A gain attenuation is formed by the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 in the 5.2GHz or 5.8GHz frequency band to realize band-stop filtering, thereby preventing the WIFI signal from interfering with the UWB antenna.

As shown in Figures 4a, 4b, and 4c, respectively, according to the present application, the third bar-shaped slot and the fourth bar-shaped slot are not added, and the third bar-shaped slot and the fourth bar-shaped slot are added. The S ₁₁ curves of the two embodiments of strip-shaped slots, and the antenna gain curve of an embodiment with the addition of the third strip-shaped slot and the fourth strip-shaped slot.

It can be seen that, without adding the third strip-shaped slot and the fourth strip-shaped slot, the antenna has resonance at 3.6GHz-10.6GHz. In the case of adding the third strip-shaped slot and the fourth strip-shaped slot, the reflection of the antenna in the 5.2GHz or 5.8GHz frequency band increases, forming a band-stop characteristic, and forming a very large band at 5.2G or 5.8GHz Large gain attenuation prevents WIFI signals from interfering with UWB antennas in the 5.2GHz or 5.8GHz band.

It can be seen that band-stop filtering can be realized through the third strip-shaped slot and the fourth strip-shaped slot without adding an additional filter, reducing the circuit area and effectively reducing the complexity and cost of the circuit.

It should be noted that, in the above-mentioned embodiments, the slot area is a clear area, and the slot area is an area where slots are provided on the ground metal layer, and wiring is prohibited in the slot area to avoid damage to the antenna. Performance interferes.

Using the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 as an example, the first gradient slot 11, the second gradient slot 12, the first bar-shaped slot 21, the second bar-shaped slot 22, the The slot areas of the third strip-shaped slot 31 and the fourth strip-shaped slot 32 are clearance areas, and wiring is prohibited.

On the basis of the above-mentioned antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application, the embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device may include the antenna described in any one of the foregoing embodiments.

The electronic device provided by the embodiment of the present application may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, an e-book reader, a game console and other electronic devices, and the electronic device may also include an electronic tag, such as a UWB tag, etc., and the electronic tag may be applied in a pet collar , keychains and other objects, and can also be worn on children or the elderly for positioning, which can prevent children or the elderly from getting lost. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific types of electronic devices.

It should be noted that, in this document, the term "comprising", "comprising" or any other variation thereof is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion such that a process, method, article or apparatus comprising a set of elements includes not only those elements, It also includes other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent in the process, method, article, or device. Without further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprising a ..." does not preclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus comprising that element.

The embodiments of the present application have been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementations. The above-mentioned specific implementations are only illustrative and not restrictive. Those of ordinary skill in the art will Under the inspiration of this application, without departing from the purpose of this application and the scope of protection of the claims, many forms can also be made, all of which belong to the protection of this application.

Claims

An antenna comprising:

Gradient slots, the transition slots are arranged on the ground metal layer, the transition slots include first transition slots and second transition slots, the first transition slots and the second transition slots are symmetrically distributed and the narrower end is close to the axis of symmetry;

A coplanar waveguide feeder line, the coplanar waveguide feeder line is located between the first tapered slot and the second tapered slot, and is connected to the signal end of the antenna chip.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the tapered slot is a slot whose slot width gradually increases in a direction away from the narrower end.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the tapered slot is a triangle.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the tapered slot is fan-shaped.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the narrower end of the tapered slot has an angle ranging from 15 degrees to 45 degrees.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the coplanar waveguide feeder includes a first strip-shaped slot and a second strip-shaped slot arranged in parallel on the ground metal layer, and the first strip-shaped slot and the metal wire between the second strip-shaped slot, the first strip-shaped slot communicates with the narrower end of the first tapered slot, the second strip-shaped slot communicates with the second The narrower end of the tapered slot communicates.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna further comprises a connected third strip-shaped slot and a fourth strip-shaped slot, the third strip-shaped slot and the fourth strip-shaped slot are located at The tapered slot is away from the side of the coplanar waveguide feeder.
The antenna according to claim 7, wherein the third strip-shaped slot is parallel to the first edge of the first tapered slot, and the fourth strip-shaped slot is parallel to the edge of the second tapered slot. The first edges are parallel.
The antenna according to claim 1, wherein the antenna chip is a UWB chip.
An electronic device, comprising the antenna according to any one of claims 1-9.