[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

WO2023088155A1 - 一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置 - Google Patents

一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2023088155A1
WO2023088155A1 PCT/CN2022/130993 CN2022130993W WO2023088155A1 WO 2023088155 A1 WO2023088155 A1 WO 2023088155A1 CN 2022130993 W CN2022130993 W CN 2022130993W WO 2023088155 A1 WO2023088155 A1 WO 2023088155A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
qos
data packet
flow
information
group
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/130993
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
窦凤辉
金辉
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to JP2024529673A priority Critical patent/JP2024541093A/ja
Priority to EP22894692.7A priority patent/EP4422269A1/en
Publication of WO2023088155A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023088155A1/zh
Priority to US18/667,627 priority patent/US20240305574A1/en

Links

Images

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2483—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS involving identification of individual flows
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W24/00—Supervisory, monitoring or testing arrangements
    • H04W24/02—Arrangements for optimising operational condition
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/24—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS
    • H04L47/2425—Traffic characterised by specific attributes, e.g. priority or QoS for supporting services specification, e.g. SLA
    • H04L47/2433—Allocation of priorities to traffic types
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
    • H04W28/0268—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control using specific QoS parameters for wireless networks, e.g. QoS class identifier [QCI] or guaranteed bit rate [GBR]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
    • H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H04W28/24—Negotiating SLA [Service Level Agreement]; Negotiating QoS [Quality of Service]
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L1/00—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received
    • H04L1/20—Arrangements for detecting or preventing errors in the information received using signal quality detector
    • H04L1/203—Details of error rate determination, e.g. BER, FER or WER

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the communication field, and more specifically, to a QoS management method and device.
  • XR extended reality
  • XR technology includes: virtual reality (virtual reality, VR), augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) and mixed reality (mixed reality, MR).
  • VR virtual reality
  • AR augmented reality
  • MR mixed reality
  • the above-mentioned services have high-speed, low-latency transmission requirements, and the existing QoS mechanism cannot meet the above-mentioned service requirements.
  • XR services may cause problems such as freezes and blurred screens.
  • the present application provides a quality of service QoS management method and device, which can perform QoS control on business data flows at the granularity of data packets and perform joint QoS control on multiple QoS flows, which improves the flexibility of QoS control.
  • the business has a better adaptability.
  • a QoS management method includes: a first device sends first information, and the first information is used to request QoS for a first service; the first device receives second information, and the second information Used to indicate the QoS control mode and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, where the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service, and the QoS control mode includes the first control mode based on data packet group control; the first The device performs QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the first device can request the QoS control method based on data packet group control, which enriches the flexibility of QoS management, can meet the needs of different services, improves user experience, and reduces the waste of network resources .
  • the method further includes: the QoS control manner further includes a second control manner based on data packet control.
  • the first device can request different QoS control modes, so as to adapt to different services.
  • the second information includes a first QoS parameter
  • the first QoS parameter includes N data packet group-based QoS parameters, where N ⁇ 1 and N is a positive integer .
  • the embodiment of this application defines the QoS parameter based on the data packet group.
  • the first device receives the QoS parameter based on the data packet group, it performs QoS on the data flow of the first service with the data packet group as the granularity. control.
  • the second information includes first indication information and second QoS parameters
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow
  • the The second QoS parameter is used to indicate the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow.
  • the second QoS parameter when the first indication information indicates that the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow is the first control mode, the second QoS parameter includes at least one packet-based group QoS parameters; or when the second indication information indicates that the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow is the second control mode, the second QoS parameters include at least one packet-based QoS parameter.
  • the second QoS parameter includes at least one data packet-based QoS parameter.
  • the embodiment of the present application multiplexes the QoS parameters based on data packets, and indicates the QoS control mode through the indication information, so that the first device determines the QoS control mode according to the indication information, and uses the QoS parameters based on data packets to ensure the QoS flow QoS requirements.
  • the first indication information is specifically used to indicate a preferred QoS control mode of the first QoS flow.
  • the method further includes: the first device receiving service information of the first service, where the service information is used to determine a QoS parameter corresponding to the first QoS flow.
  • the service information includes a coding parameter of the first service and/or a weighting factor of each data packet group in the first service.
  • the method further includes: the terminal device determining the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow according to the second information and the service information.
  • the second information includes second indication information, a third QoS parameter, and a fourth QoS parameter
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the first QoS flow Priority QoS control mode
  • the third QoS parameter includes M data packet group-based QoS parameters, M ⁇ 1 and M is a positive integer
  • the fourth QoS parameter includes L data packet-based QoS parameters, L ⁇ 1 and L is a positive integer.
  • the first QoS parameter includes group priority, group delay budget, group error rate, aggregated group error rate, maximum group loss rate, and maximum aggregated group loss rate at least one of .
  • the group priority is used to indicate the priority of scheduling different data packet groups in the first QoS flow
  • the set of delay budgets is used to indicate the upper limit of the delay of the data packet group in the first QoS flow between the first device and the second network element, wherein the second network element is a user plane network element UPF;
  • the set of error rates is used Indicates the upper limit of the group of data packets that are not successfully transmitted in the first QoS flow;
  • the aggregated group error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of the group of weighted data packets that are not successfully transmitted in the first QoS flow;
  • the maximum group loss rate is used for Indicates the upper limit of tolerable discarded data packet groups in the first QoS flow;
  • the maximum aggregate group loss rate is used to indicate the upper limit of tolerable discarded weighted data packet groups in the first QoS flow.
  • a QoS management method includes: a first network element receives first information sent by a first device, and the first information is used to request QoS for a first service; the first network element sends the first information Two pieces of information, the second information is used to indicate the QoS control method and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, where the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service, and the QoS control method includes the second packet group-based control 1. Control method.
  • the first network element can instruct the first device to perform QoS control at the granularity of data packet groups according to the request of the first device, which enriches the flexibility of QoS management, meets the needs of different services, and improves It improves the user experience and reduces the waste of network resources.
  • the method further includes: the QoS control manner further includes a second control manner based on data packet control.
  • the embodiments of the present application include a variety of different QoS control modes, so that different services can be adapted.
  • the second information includes a first QoS parameter
  • the first QoS parameter includes N data packet group-based QoS parameters, where N ⁇ 1 and N is a positive integer .
  • the embodiment of this application defines the QoS parameter based on the data packet group.
  • the first device receives the QoS parameter based on the data packet group, it performs QoS on the data flow of the first service with the data packet group as the granularity. control.
  • the second information includes first indication information and second QoS parameters
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow
  • the The second QoS parameter is used to indicate the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow.
  • the second QoS parameter when the first indication information indicates that the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow is the first control mode, the second QoS parameter includes at least one packet-based QoS parameters for the group; or,
  • the second QoS parameter includes at least one data packet-based QoS parameter.
  • the second QoS parameter includes at least one data packet-based QoS parameter.
  • the first indication information is specifically used to indicate a preferred QoS control manner of the first QoS flow.
  • the method further includes: the first network element acquires service information of the first service, and the service information is used to determine the QoS parameter corresponding to the first QoS flow .
  • the service information includes a coding parameter of the first service and/or a weighting factor of each data packet group in the first service.
  • the method further includes: sending the service information by the first network element.
  • the second information includes second indication information, a third QoS parameter, and a fourth QoS parameter
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the first QoS flow
  • the third QoS parameter includes M data packet group-based QoS parameters, M ⁇ 1 and M is a positive integer
  • the fourth QoS parameter includes L data packet-based QoS parameters, L ⁇ 1 and L is a positive integer.
  • the method before the first network element sends the second information, the method further includes:
  • the first network element determines the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow according to the first service.
  • the method before the first network element sends the second information, the method further includes: the first network element determines according to whether the first device supports the first control mode QoS control mode of the first QoS flow.
  • the first QoS parameter includes group priority, group delay budget, group error rate, aggregated group error rate, maximum group loss rate, and maximum aggregated group loss rate at least one of .
  • the group priority is used to indicate the priority of scheduling different data packet groups in the first QoS flow
  • the set of delay budgets is used to indicate the upper limit of the delay of the data packet group in the first QoS flow between the first device and the second network element, wherein the second network element is a user plane network element UPF;
  • the set of error rates is used Indicates the upper limit of the group of data packets that are not successfully transmitted in the first QoS flow;
  • the aggregated group error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of the group of weighted data packets that are not successfully transmitted in the first QoS flow;
  • the maximum group loss rate is used for Indicates the upper limit of tolerable discarded data packet groups in the first QoS flow;
  • the maximum aggregate group loss rate is used to indicate the upper limit of tolerable discarded weighted data packet groups in the first QoS flow.
  • a QoS management method includes: a first device sends third information, and the third information is used to request QoS for a second service; the first device receives fourth information, and the fourth information including QoS parameters for jointly controlling the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow, where the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow are used to transmit the data flow of the second service; The data flow of the second service performs joint QoS control.
  • the first device when the data flow of the second service is carried by multiple QoS flows, the first device can perform joint control on the multiple QoS flows, which improves the flexibility of QoS management and meets the needs of different services. demand and improve the user experience.
  • the fourth information includes a fifth QoS parameter, where the fifth QoS parameter includes K joint QoS parameters, where K ⁇ 1 and K is a positive integer.
  • the fourth information includes third indication information and a sixth QoS parameter
  • the third indication information is used to indicate joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the sixth QoS parameter is a parameter used for joint QoS control
  • the sixth QoS includes L QoS parameters based on data packet groups, L ⁇ 1 and L is a positive integer
  • the sixth QoS parameter includes J Based on the QoS parameter of the data packet, J ⁇ 1 and J is a positive integer.
  • the fifth QoS parameter includes: at least one of the joint error rate, the aggregate joint error rate, the joint maximum loss rate, the aggregate joint maximum loss rate, and the joint maximum bit rate A sort of.
  • the joint error rate is used to indicate an upper limit of data packet groups or data packets that are not successfully transmitted in the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow;
  • the aggregated joint error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of the weighted data packet groups or data packets that are not successfully transmitted in the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow; the joint maximum loss rate is used to indicate the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow The upper limit of the discarded data packet group or data packet that can be tolerated in three QoS flows; The upper limit of weighted data packets; the joint maximum bit rate is used to indicate the upper limit of the maximum aggregated bit rate of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • a QoS management method includes: a first network element receives third information sent by a first device, and the third information is used to request QoS for a second service; the first network element sends the third information Four information, the fourth information includes QoS parameters for joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow, where the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow are used to transmit the data flow of the second service.
  • the first network element can instruct the first device to perform joint control on the multiple QoS flows, which improves the flexibility of QoS management and satisfies the Different business needs improve user experience.
  • the fourth information includes a fifth QoS parameter, where the fifth QoS parameter includes K joint QoS parameters, where K ⁇ 1 and K is a positive integer.
  • the fourth information includes third indication information and a sixth QoS parameter, and the third indication information is used to indicate joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the sixth QoS parameter is a parameter used for joint QoS control
  • the sixth QoS includes L QoS parameters based on data packet groups, L ⁇ 1 and L is a positive integer
  • the sixth QoS parameter includes J Based on the QoS parameter of the data packet, J ⁇ 1 and J is a positive integer.
  • the fifth QoS parameter includes: at least one of the joint error rate, the aggregate joint error rate, the joint maximum loss rate, the aggregate joint maximum loss rate, and the joint maximum bit rate A sort of.
  • the joint error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of data packet groups or data packets that are not successfully transmitted in the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow; the aggregation The joint error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of the weighted packet groups or data packets that are not successfully transmitted in the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow; the joint maximum loss rate is used to indicate the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow The upper limit of the tolerable discarded data packet group or data packet in the flow; the aggregate joint maximum group loss rate is used to indicate the tolerable discarded weighted data packet group or weighted data in the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow Upper limit of packets; the joint maximum bit rate is used to indicate the upper limit of the maximum aggregate bit rate of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • a communication device is provided, and the device is configured to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the foregoing first aspect to the fourth aspect.
  • the apparatus may include a unit and/or module for executing the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the fourth aspect, such as a processing unit and/or a communication unit.
  • the apparatus is a communication device (such as a terminal device, and also a network device).
  • the communication unit may be a transceiver, or an input/output interface;
  • the processing unit may be at least one processor.
  • the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit.
  • the input/output interface may be an input/output circuit.
  • the apparatus is a chip, a chip system, or a circuit used in a communication device (such as a terminal device, or a network device).
  • a communication device such as a terminal device, or a network device.
  • the communication unit may be an input/output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin or related circuit on the chip, chip system or circuit, etc.
  • the processing unit may be at least one processor, processing circuit or logic circuit, etc.
  • a communication device which includes: at least one processor, configured to execute a computer program or instruction stored in a memory, so as to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the first aspect to the fourth aspect above .
  • the apparatus further includes a memory for storing computer programs or instructions.
  • the device further includes a communication interface, through which the processor reads the computer program or instructions stored in the memory.
  • the apparatus is a communication device (such as a terminal device, and also a network device).
  • the apparatus is a chip, a chip system, or a circuit used in a communication device (such as a terminal device, or a network device).
  • the present application provides a processor configured to execute the methods provided in the first aspect to the fourth aspect above.
  • a processor configured to execute the methods provided in the first aspect to the fourth aspect above.
  • the processor's output and reception, input and other operations can also be understood as the sending and receiving operations performed by the radio frequency circuit and the antenna, which is not limited in this application.
  • a computer-readable storage medium where the computer-readable medium stores program code for execution by a device, and the program code includes any one of the possible implementation manners for performing the above-mentioned first aspect to the fourth aspect. method.
  • a computer program product including instructions is provided, and when the computer program product is run on a computer, the computer is made to execute the method in any possible implementation manner of the above first aspect to the fourth aspect.
  • a communication system including the aforementioned terminal device and network device.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the 5G mobile communication system architecture.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a data packet and a data packet group.
  • FIG. 3 Schematic diagram of QoS flow in a PDU session.
  • Fig. 4 is a schematic flowchart of a QoS management method provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic flowchart of a QoS management method provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a QoS management method provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a QoS management method provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 8 is a schematic flowchart of a QoS management method provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 9 is a schematic block diagram of a device provided by the present application.
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic block diagram of a device provided in this application.
  • the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Global System of Mobile communication (Global System of Mobile communication, GSM) system, code division multiple access (Code Division Multiple Access, CDMA) system, broadband code division multiple access (Wideband Code Division Multiple Access, WCDMA) system, General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, LTE Frequency Division Duplex (FDD) system, LTE Time Division Duplex (TDD), Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) communication system, 5th Generation (5G) system or new radio (New Radio, NR), and future evolution of communication systems, etc.
  • GSM Global System of Mobile communication
  • CDMA code division multiple access
  • WCDMA broadband code division multiple access
  • GPRS General Packet Radio Service
  • LTE Long Term Evolution
  • FDD Frequency Division Duplex
  • TDD Time Division Duplex
  • UMTS Universal Mobile Telecommunication System
  • WiMAX Worldwide Interoperability
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of the network architecture of a communication system applicable to the embodiment of the present application.
  • the network architecture includes terminal equipment, access network equipment, access management network elements, session management network elements, user plane network elements, policy Control network element, network slice selection network element, network warehouse function network element, network data analysis network element, unified data management network element, unified data storage network element, authentication service function network element, network capability opening network element, application function network element , and the data network (data network, DN) connected to the operator network.
  • the terminal device can send service data to the data network through the access network device and the user plane network element, and receive service data from the data network.
  • the terminal device is a device with wireless transceiver function, which can be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as Airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.
  • the terminal equipment can communicate with the core network via a radio access network (RAN), and exchange voice and/or data with the RAN.
  • RAN radio access network
  • the terminal equipment can be a mobile phone ), tablet computer (Pad), computer with wireless transceiver function, mobile Internet device (mobile internet device, MID), wearable device, virtual reality (virtual reality, VR) terminal equipment, augmented reality (augmented reality, AR) terminal Equipment, wireless terminals in industrial control, wireless terminals in self driving, wireless terminals in remote medical, wireless terminals in smart grid, transportation safety ( Wireless terminals in transportation safety, wireless terminals in smart cities, wireless terminals in smart homes (smart home), unmanned aerial vehicles, unmanned aerial vehicle controllers, etc.
  • Embodiments of the present application are applicable to application scenarios No limitation.
  • the terminal equipment may sometimes also be referred to as user equipment (user equipment, UE), mobile station and remote station, etc.
  • the embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology, equipment form and name adopted by the terminal equipment.
  • An access network device is a device used in a network to connect a terminal device to a wireless network.
  • the access network device may be a node in a radio access network, may also be called a base station, and may also be called a radio access network (radio access network, RAN) node (or device).
  • RAN radio access network
  • the network equipment may include an evolved base station (NodeB or eNB or e-NodeB, evolutional Node B) in a long term evolution (long term evolution, LTE) system or an evolved LTE system (LTE-Advanced, LTE-A), such as a traditional Macro base station eNB and micro base station eNB in heterogeneous network scenarios, or may also include the next generation node B (next generation node B) in the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5th generation, 5G) new radio (new radio, NR) system , gNB), or may also include radio network controller (radio network controller, RNC), node B (Node B, NB), base station controller (base station controller, BSC), base transceiver station (base transceiver station, BTS) , transmission reception point (transmission reception point, TRP), home base station (for example, home evolved NodeB, or home Node B, HNB), baseband unit (base band unit, BBU), baseband pool BBU pool, or WiFi access point (
  • the CU supports radio resource control (radio resource control, RRC), packet data convergence protocol (packet data convergence protocol, PDCP), service data adaptation protocol (service data adaptation) protocol, SDAP) and other protocols;
  • DU mainly supports radio link control layer (radio link control, RLC), media access control layer (media access control, MAC) and physical layer protocols.
  • the access management network element is mainly used for terminal attachment, mobility management, and tracking area update process in the mobile network.
  • the access management network element terminates the non-access stratum (NAS) message, completes registration management, Connection management and reachability management, allocation of tracking area list (track area list, TA list) and mobility management, etc., and transparent routing of session management (session management, SM) messages to session management network elements.
  • NAS non-access stratum
  • the access management network element can be the access and mobility management function (access and mobility management function, AMF), in the future communication system (such as 6G communication system) , the mobility management network element may still be an AMF network element, or may have another name, which is not limited in this application.
  • the session management network element is mainly used for session management in the mobile network, such as session establishment, modification, and release. Specific functions include assigning an Internet protocol (internet protocol, IP) address to the terminal, selecting a user plane network element that provides a packet forwarding function, and the like.
  • IP Internet protocol
  • the session management network element can be a session management function (session management function, SMF).
  • SMF session management function
  • the session management network element can still be an SMF network element, or it can also be There are other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • the user plane network element is mainly used to process user packets, such as forwarding, billing, and lawful interception.
  • the user plane network element may also be called a protocol data unit (protocol data unit, PDU) session anchor (PDU session anchor, PSA).
  • PDU protocol data unit
  • PSA protocol data unit
  • the user plane network element can be a user plane function (UPF), and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the user plane network element can still be a UPF network element, or it can also be There are other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • Policy control network element including user subscription data management function, policy control function, charging policy control function, quality of service (quality of service, QoS) control, etc.
  • the policy control network element can be a policy control function (policy control function, PCF).
  • policy control network element can still be a PCF network element, or it can also be There are other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • the network slice selection function network element is mainly used to select the appropriate network slice for the service of the terminal equipment.
  • network slice selection network elements can be network slice selection function (network slice selection function, NSSF) network elements, and in future communication systems (such as 6G communication systems), network slice selection network elements can still be NSSF A network element, or may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • NSSF network slice selection function
  • the network warehouse function network element is mainly used to provide registration and discovery functions of the network element or the service provided by the network element.
  • the network repository function network element may be a network repository function (network repository function, NRF), and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the network repository function network element may still be an NRF network element, or It can also have other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • Network data analysis network elements can be analyzed from various network functions (network function, NF), such as policy control network elements, session management network elements, user plane network elements, access management network elements, application function network elements (through the network capability opening function network elements) to collect data and perform analysis and prediction.
  • network function such as policy control network elements, session management network elements, user plane network elements, access management network elements, application function network elements (through the network capability opening function network elements) to collect data and perform analysis and prediction.
  • the network data analysis network element can be a network data analysis function (network data analytics function, NWDAF), and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the network data analysis network element can still be a NWDAF network element , or may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • NWDAF network data analytics function
  • the unified data management network element is mainly used to manage the contract information of terminal equipment.
  • the unified data management network element may be a unified data management (unified data management, UDM), and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the unified data management network element may still be a UDM network element, or It can also have other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • the unified data storage network element is mainly used to store structured data information, including contract information, policy information, and network data or service data defined in a standard format.
  • the unified data storage network element can be a unified data repository (unified data repository, UDR).
  • UDR unified data repository
  • the unified data storage network element can still be a UDR network element, or It can also have other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • the authentication service function network element is mainly used for security authentication of terminal equipment.
  • the authentication service function network element may be an authentication server function (authentication server function, AUSF), and in a future communication system (such as a 6G communication system), the authentication service function network element may still be an AUSF network element, or It can also have other names, which are not limited by this application.
  • the network capability opening network element can expose some functions of the network to applications in a controlled manner.
  • the network capability exposure network element may be a network exposure function (network exposure function, NEF).
  • NEF network exposure function
  • the network capability exposure network element may still be a NEF network element. Or it may have other names, which are not limited in this application.
  • the application function network element can provide service data of various applications to the control plane network element of the operator's communication network, or obtain network data information and control information from the control plane network element of the communication network.
  • the application function network element can be the application function (application function, AF).
  • the application function network element can still be the AF network element, or can also have other The name is not limited in this application.
  • the data network is mainly used to provide data transmission services for terminal devices.
  • the data network can be a private network, such as a local area network, or a public data network (public data network, PDN) network, such as the Internet (Internet), or a proprietary network jointly deployed by operators, such as a configured IP multimedia network subnet.
  • PDN public data network
  • Internet Internet
  • proprietary network jointly deployed by operators, such as a configured IP multimedia network subnet.
  • System IP multimedia core network subsystem, IMS
  • the foregoing network element or function may be a network element in a hardware device, or a software function running on dedicated hardware, or a virtualization function instantiated on a platform (for example, a cloud platform).
  • a platform for example, a cloud platform.
  • the foregoing network element or function may be implemented by one device, or jointly implemented by multiple devices, or may be a functional module in one device, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • XR technology refers to a combination of real and virtual, human-computer interaction environment generated by computer technology and wearable devices.
  • XR technology has the advantages of multi-view, strong interactivity, etc. It can provide users with a brand-new experience, and has great application value and commercial potential.
  • XR includes technologies such as VR, AR, and MR, and can be widely used in many fields such as entertainment, games, medical care, advertising, industry, online education, and engineering.
  • VR technology mainly refers to the rendering of visual and audio scenes to simulate the sensory stimulation of visual and audio in the real world as much as possible.
  • VR technology usually requires users to wear XR terminals (such as head-mounted devices) to simulate visual and/or auditory.
  • VR technology can also track the user's movements to update the simulated visual and/or auditory content in time.
  • AR technology mainly refers to providing additional visual and/or auditory information or artificially generated content in the real environment perceived by the user, where the user's acquisition of the real environment can be direct (for example, without sensing, processing and rendering), It can also be indirect (for example, transmitted through sensors, etc.), and further enhanced processing is performed.
  • MR technology is to insert some virtual elements into the physical scene, the purpose is to provide users with an immersive experience that these elements are part of the real scene.
  • Network devices can process and transmit data generated by XR services (which can be called XR data).
  • XR data For example, network devices in the cloud can render and encode XR source data (such as source coding).
  • the connected network device transmits the XR data to the XR terminal.
  • the XR terminal provides users with a variety of XR experiences (such as immersive experience, visual experience, interactive experience or device experience, etc.) by processing the XR data.
  • There are many different evaluation dimensions for XR experience including one or more of the following evaluation dimensions: picture clarity, picture fluency, picture distortion, picture stereoscopic effect, picture black border, picture smear, sound quality, sound effect, Field of view, stuttering, blurred screen, dizziness, audio and video synchronization, degree of freedom in interaction, response speed of interactive operation, accuracy of interactive operation, loading speed of interactive content, etc.
  • the service data stream usually consists of a series of media units (media units, MUs), and each media unit A unit represents a complete data unit of the application layer, including one or more data packets (packets) such as IP packets.
  • packets data packets
  • IP packets IP packets
  • a media unit may also be referred to as a data packet group, a frame (such as a key frame I frame, a forward differential frame P frame, a bidirectional differential frame B frame, etc.), a data fragment, an application layer data unit, a data unit etc.
  • the first data packet group includes a first data packet, a second data packet, a third data packet, and a fourth data packet, constituting a media unit.
  • QoS Quality of Service
  • 5G 5th Generation Partnership Project
  • a flow-based QoS model is adopted. Data mapped to the same QoS flow will be subject to the same forwarding process. As shown in Figure 3, a PDU session is established between the UE and the UPF, the radio bearer between the UE and the NB, and the core network tunnel between the NB and the UPF.
  • the PDU session includes multiple QoS flows, and the multiple QoS flows Including the first QoS flow, the second QoS flow and so on.
  • the multiple QoS flows can be used to transmit data flows of different services, or can be used to transmit data flows of the same service.
  • the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service
  • the second QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the second service
  • the first QoS flow is used to transmit the first data flow of the first service
  • the second QoS flow is used to transmit The second data flow of the first service.
  • QoS parameters refer to the QoS requirements associated with QoS, including but not limited to QoS parameters (QoS parameters), QoS characteristics (QoScharacteristics), etc.
  • QoS parameters can also be called QoS flow level QoS parameters (QoS Flowlevel QoS parameters), QoS reference (QoS reference), QoS flow descriptions (QoS flow descriptions), QoS information (QoS Information), etc.
  • QoS requirements can be quantified through QoS parameters.
  • the QoS parameters not only include QoS parameters based on data packets, but also newly define QoS parameters based on data packet groups, joint QoS parameters, and hybrid QoS parameters.
  • Packet-based QoS parameters may include one or more of the following: 5G QoS identifier (5G QoS Identifier, 5QI), allocation and retention priority (ARP), reflective QoS attribute (Reflective QoS Attribute, RQA ), notification control (Notification control), flow bit rate (Flow Bit Rates, FBR), aggregate bit rate (Aggregate Bit Rates, ABR), default values (Default values), maximum packet loss rate (Maximum Packet Loss Rate, MPLR) , Resource Type (Resource Type), Priority Level (Priority Level, PL), Packet Delay Budget (Packet Delay Budget, PDB), Packet Error Rate (Packet Error Rate, PER), Average Window (Averaging Window), Maximum Data Burst Volume (Maximum Data Burst Volume, MDBV), etc., where resource types include Guaranteed Bit Rate (GBR) and Non-Guaranteed Bit Rate (Non-GBR).
  • the QoS parameter based on the data packet is
  • the data generated by the XR service includes 3 data packet groups, the 3 data packet groups are the first data packet group, the second data packet group, and the third data packet group, and each data packet group Including 100 data packets, and there is an association between the first data packet group and the second data packet group, and there is an association between the first data packet group and the third data packet group, that is, when the first data packet group cannot be decoded, The second data packet group and the third data packet group cannot be decoded either.
  • the first QoS flow is used to transmit the XR service, and the QoS parameters corresponding to the first QoS flow include packet error rate (packet error rate, PER).
  • the first QoS flow transmits the upper limit of 9 wrong data packets when transmitting the XR service. In other words, it is only necessary to ensure that the first QoS flow transmits wrong packets when transmitting the XR service
  • the QoS requirement of the first QoS flow can be met if the number of data packets is less than 9.
  • the receiving end cannot decode the first data packet group. Even if the number of wrong data packets transmitted in the first QoS flow is less than 9, the receiving end still cannot decode the above three data packet groups, thereby causing a waste of network resources. affect user experience.
  • the present application proposes a QoS management method, which can control QoS flows at the granularity of data packet groups, avoid waste of network resources, and improve user experience.
  • FIG. 4 shows a schematic flow chart of a QoS management method 400 provided by the present application.
  • the first device sends first information to a first network element, where the first information is used to request QoS for a first service.
  • the first network element receives the first information sent by the first device.
  • the first device sends first information to the first network element, where the first information is used to request QoS for the first service.
  • the first information includes an identifier of the first service (for example, an application identifier, etc.), a quintuple (source IP address, source port number, destination IP address, destination port number, transport layer protocol) , at least one of triplets (target IP address, target port number, transport layer protocol) and request information, where the request information is used to request QoS for the first service.
  • an identifier of the first service for example, an application identifier, etc.
  • a quintuple source IP address, source port number, destination IP address, destination port number, transport layer protocol
  • triplets target IP address, target port number, transport layer protocol
  • request information is used to request QoS for the first service.
  • the request information is also used to request a QoS flow control manner.
  • the control mode of the QoS flow includes a first control mode based on data packet group control and a second control mode based on data packet control.
  • the first control manner based on data packet group control can be understood as performing QoS control at the granularity of data packet groups. For example, if there are 100 data packets in QoS stream transmission, the first 50 data packets of the 100 data packets are the first data packet group, and the last 50 data packets are the second data packet group.
  • the first control mode When the data needs to be discarded, if the execution is In the first control mode, the first data packet group and/or the second data packet group will be discarded at the granularity of data packet groups; if the second control mode is implemented, the 100 data packets will be discarded at the granularity of data packets One or more packets in .
  • the first control mode is based on data packet group control and the second control mode is based on data packet control.
  • the request information may directly request the control mode of the QoS flow or indirectly request the control mode of the QoS flow.
  • the request information may indirectly request the control mode of the QoS flow.
  • the request information requests QoS parameters. It can be understood that when the request information requests the QoS parameter based on the data packet group, the QoS control mode requested by the request information is the first control mode. Similarly, when the request information requests data packet-based QoS parameters, the QoS control mode requested by the request information is the second control mode.
  • the QoS control mode can be determined according to the hybrid QoS parameters requested by the request information (for example, by using the 5QI value of the hybrid QoS parameters, etc., please refer to the following description for details).
  • packet group-based QoS parameter and the hybrid QoS parameter are two new QoS parameters proposed by the embodiment of the present application, and the packet group-based QoS parameter and the hybrid QoS parameter provided by the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below.
  • the QoS parameters based on the packet group may include one or more of the following: Group 5G QoS Identifier (Group-5G QoS Identifier, G-5QI), Group Priority Level (Group Priority Level, GPL), Group Delay Budget (Group Delay Budget, GDB), group error rate (Group Error Rate, GER), aggregation group error rate (Aggregation Group Error Rate, AGER), maximum group loss rate (Maximum Group Loss Rate, MGLR), maximum aggregation group loss rate (Maximum Aggregation Group Loss Rate, MAGLR), averaging window (Averaging Window), maximum data burst volume (Maximum Data Burst Volume).
  • Group 5G QoS Identifier Group-5G QoS Identifier, G-5QI
  • Group Priority Level Group Priority Level
  • GDB Group Delay Budget
  • group error rate Group Error Rate, GER
  • aggregation group error rate Aggregation Group Error Rate, AGER
  • maximum group loss rate
  • the groups of the above QoS parameters based on data packet groups are just examples, but not limited thereto.
  • the group 5G QoS identifier can also be called the media unit 5G QoS identifier (Media Unit5G QoS Identifier, MU-5QI)
  • the group priority can also be called the media unit priority level (Media UnitPriority Level, MUPL)
  • the group delay budget can also be It is called the media unit delay budget (Media UnitDelay Budget, MUDB)
  • the group error rate can also be called the media unit error rate (Media Unit Error Rate, MUER)
  • the aggregation group error rate can also be called the aggregation media unit error rate (Aggregation Media UnitError Rate, AMUER)
  • the maximum group loss rate can also be called the maximum media unit loss rate (Maximum Media UnitLoss Rate, MMULR), and the maximum aggregation group loss rate can also be called the maximum aggregation media unit loss rate (Aggregation Maximum Media
  • the group priority is used to indicate the priority of the data packet group, and different data packet groups of the data flow of the same service may have different priorities.
  • the application server can define the importance of different data package groups, and then the data package groups of different importance can correspond to different GPLs.
  • the media unit priority is used to indicate the priority of the media unit, and different media units of the same service may have different priorities.
  • the group delay budget is used to indicate the upper limit of the delay of the packet group between the end device and the anchor UPF.
  • the group delay budget can be understood as taking all the data packets in the data group as a whole to guarantee the delay, that is, the delay of each data packet in the data group is the sum of GDB and the arrival time of the last data packet in the data group. For example, the first packet of the first packet group arrives at 1ms, the last packet arrives at 2ms, and the group delay budget is 10ms, then all packets in the first packet group need to be sent to the receiver before 12ms .
  • the media unit delay budget is used to indicate the upper limit of the delay of the media unit between the terminal device and the anchor UPF, that is, the delay of each data packet in the media unit is equal to the delay budget of the media unit and the last data packet of the media unit The sum of arrival times.
  • the group error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of data packet group transmission errors, and can also be understood as the upper limit of unsuccessfully transmitted data packet groups.
  • the data packet group can be determined as a transmission error, which is included in the group error rate. Taking the group error rate of 0.02 as an example, assuming that the data flow transmitted by the first QoS flow includes 1000 data packet groups, it is necessary to ensure that the number of data packet groups transmitted in the first QoS flow is less than 20.
  • the media unit error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of media unit transmission errors, and can also be understood as the upper limit of unsuccessfully transmitted media units.
  • the aggregate group error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of the transmission error of the importance-based data packet group, and can also be understood as the upper limit of the weighted data packet group that was not successfully transmitted.
  • Data packet groups have different importances, and data packet groups of different importance may correspond to different weighting factors, and the weighting factor and the number of data packet groups with transmission errors are included in the calculation.
  • the weighting factor corresponding to the first data packet group is 0.5, then when the first data packet group is wrongly transmitted, it can be counted as 0.5 data packet group transmission errors, and for another example, the weighting factor corresponding to the second data packet group is 1, when the transmission error of the second data packet group can be recorded as a transmission error of 1 data packet group.
  • the data stream transmitted by the first QoS flow includes 1000 data packet groups, among which 15 data packet groups with a weighting factor of 1 have transmission errors, and 10 data packet groups with a weighting factor of 0.4 have transmission errors , it can be counted as 19 data packet group transmission errors, then the first QoS flow satisfies the aggregation group error rate.
  • the aggregated media unit error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of importance-based media unit transmission errors, and can also be understood as the upper limit of weighted media units that are not successfully transmitted.
  • the maximum group loss rate is used to indicate the upper limit of data packet group loss, and can also be understood as the upper limit of tolerable discarded data packet groups.
  • the data packet group can be judged as lost and counted into the maximum group loss rate. Taking the maximum group loss rate of 0.02 as an example, assuming that the data flow transmitted by the first QoS flow includes 1000 data packet groups, it is necessary to ensure that the number of lost data packet groups in the first QoS flow is less than 20.
  • the maximum media unit loss rate is used to indicate the upper limit of media unit loss, and can also be understood as the upper limit of tolerable discarded media units.
  • the group loss rate may be used.
  • the maximum aggregate group loss rate is used to indicate the upper limit of the transmission loss of the importance-based data packet group, and can also be understood as the upper limit of the tolerable discarded weighted data packet group.
  • Data packet groups have different importances, and data packet groups of different importance may correspond to different weighting factors, and the weighting factor and the number of data packet groups lost in transmission are included in the calculation.
  • the weighting factor corresponding to the first data packet group is 0.5, then when the transmission of the first data packet group is lost, it can be counted as 0.5 data packet group transmission loss
  • the weighting factor corresponding to the second data packet group is 1, when the transmission of the second data packet group is lost, it can be recorded as the transmission loss of 1 data packet group.
  • the data stream transmitted by the first QoS stream includes 1000 data packet groups, among which 15 data packet groups with a weighting factor of 1 are lost, and 10 data packet groups with a weighting factor of 0.4 are lost.
  • Packet group transmission loss can be counted as 19 data packet group transmission losses, and the first QoS flow satisfies the aggregated maximum group loss rate.
  • the maximum aggregated media unit loss rate is used to indicate the upper limit of the importance-based media unit transmission loss, and can also be understood as the upper limit of tolerable discarded weighted media units.
  • G-5QI is an index value used to associate one or more QoS parameters based on packet groups.
  • Table 1 shows QoS parameters based on data packet groups.
  • the group priority is 68
  • the group delay budget is 20ms
  • the aggregate group error rate or group error rate is 0.01.
  • the group priority is 25
  • the group delay budget is 20ms
  • the aggregated group error rate or group error rate is 0.01.
  • an aggregated group error rate may be used where a weighting factor for a group of data packets can be determined, and a group error rate may be used where a weighting factor for a group of data packets cannot be determined.
  • the aggregated maximum group loss rate can be used, and if the weighting factor of the data packet group cannot be determined, the maximum group loss rate can be used.
  • Table 1 QoS parameters based on packet groups.
  • the present application also proposes a mixed QoS parameter, where the mixed QoS parameter refers to a QoS parameter based on a data packet and a QoS parameter based on a data packet group.
  • Hybrid QoS parameters may include one or more of the following: 5G QoS Identifier (5G QoS Identifier, 5QI), allocation and retention priority (ARP), reflective QoS attribute (Reflective QoS Attribute, RQA), notification Notification control, Flow Bit Rates, Aggregate Bit Rates, Default values, Maximum Loss Rate (MLR), Resource Type, Priority Priority Level (PL), Delay Budget (DB), Error Rate (ER), Averaging Window, Maximum Data Burst Volume, etc.
  • the type of the QoS parameter may be judged by the value of the 5QI.
  • Table 2 shows a form of mixed QoS parameters. For example, when the value of the 5QI is 1-100, the QoS parameter associated with the 5QI is the QoS parameter based on the data packet. For example, when the value of 5QI is 1, the error rate is substantially equal to the packet error rate. When the value of 5QI is 200-300, the QoS parameter associated with 5QI is the QoS parameter based on the data packet group. For example, when the 5QI value is 200, the error rate is substantially equal to the group error rate. In other words, the value of the 5QI can indicate the control mode of the QoS flow.
  • the QoS parameter associated with the 5QI is the QoS parameter based on the data packet
  • the QoS parameter associated with the 5QI is the QoS parameter based on the data packet group
  • the hybrid QoS parameter may also include a control mode (controlmode).
  • the control mode is used to indicate the QoS flow control mode.
  • Table 3 shows a form of mixed QoS parameters. For example, when the value of 5QI is 1, the control mode is packet, which means that the QoS flow control mode is based on data packets, and the corresponding QoS parameters are QoS parameters based on data packets. For another example, when the value of 5QI is 200, the control mode is group (or media unit), which means that the QoS flow control mode is based on packet group control, and the corresponding QoS parameter is the QoS parameter based on packet group. In other words, the 5QI can indicate the control mode of the QoS flow.
  • the network device or terminal device when a network device or terminal device receives a 5QI value of 1, the network device or terminal device can control the QoS flow at the granularity of data packets; when a network device or terminal device receives a 5QI value of 200, the network device or terminal device Terminal devices can control QoS flows at the granularity of packet groups.
  • the request information requests that the control mode corresponding to the QoS parameter is group, it can be understood that the request information requests that the QoS control mode be the first control mode.
  • the type of the hybrid QoS parameter may be indicated through indication information.
  • the QoS parameter based on the data packet group and the QoS parameter based on the data packet may be replaced by a mixed QoS parameter, so the mixed QoS parameter may also be called a QoS parameter.
  • the request information may directly request the QoS control mode.
  • the request information includes a first parameter, the first parameter may be 1 bit or several bits, and the first parameter is used to indicate the requested QoS control mode.
  • the request information includes a first parameter, and the first parameter is 1 bit, wherein 0 indicates that the first control mode is requested, and 1 indicates that the second control mode is requested.
  • the first network element sends second information, the second information is used to indicate the control method and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service, and the QoS control method includes The first control mode of packet group control.
  • the first network element may determine the control mode and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow according to the first information request, and then send one or more parameters (that is, the second information), so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the second information may be a parameter, which is the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow; the second information may also be multiple parameters, such as 2 parameters, one of which is used to indicate the control mode of the first QoS flow, and the other One parameter is the QoS parameter of the first QoS flow.
  • the second information includes a first QoS parameter, where the first QoS parameter includes N data packet group-based QoS parameters, where N ⁇ 1 and N is a positive integer.
  • the first network element may use the first QoS parameter to indicate the control mode of the first QoS flow. For example, when the first QoS parameter is G-5QI, it indicates that the control mode of the first QoS flow is the first control mode.
  • the first device requests QoS for the first service, and after receiving the first information, the first network element determines that the control mode of the first QoS flow is the first control mode and the corresponding first data packet group-based control mode according to the first information.
  • QoS parameters and then send the first QoS parameters to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, thereby indicating the control mode of the first QoS flow and the corresponding QoS parameters.
  • the first network element sends the G-5QI to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element can use the G-5QI to
  • the data flow performs QoS control at the granularity of the data packet group.
  • the first network element sends a 5QI with a value of 200 to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element.
  • the corresponding QoS parameter is the QoS parameter based on the data packet group), so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element can perform QoS at the granularity of the data packet group for the data flow of the first service according to the 5QI control.
  • the first network element sends a 5QI with a value of 200 to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, and the control mode corresponding to the 5QI is group, so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element According to the 5QI, the network element can perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service with the data packet group as the granularity.
  • the first device requests the first control method based on data packet group control, and the first network element determines that the control method of the first QoS flow is the first control method and the corresponding data-based control method according to the first information after receiving the first information.
  • Packet the first QoS parameter and then send the first QoS parameter to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, thereby indicating the control mode of the first QoS flow and the corresponding QoS parameter.
  • the first network element sends the G-5QI to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element can use the G-5QI to
  • the data flow performs QoS control at the granularity of the data packet group.
  • the first network element sends a 5QI with a value of 200 to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element.
  • the corresponding QoS parameter is the QoS parameter based on the data packet group), so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element can perform QoS at the granularity of the data packet group for the data flow of the first service according to the 5QI control.
  • the first network element sends a 5QI with a value of 200 to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, and the control mode corresponding to the 5QI is group, so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element According to the 5QI, the network element can perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service with the data packet group as the granularity.
  • the first device requests the second control mode based on data packet control, and after receiving the first information, the first network element may determine that the control mode of the first QoS flow is the second control mode based on data packet group control according to the characteristics of the first service.
  • a control method and the corresponding first QoS parameter based on the data packet group. For example, when the first network element determines that the first service is a media service such as XR, the control method of the first QoS flow may be determined as the first control method. In other words, the first network element may finally determine the control mode of the first QoS flow according to the characteristics of the service, and then indicate the control mode of the first QoS flow through the first QoS parameter.
  • the first network element sends the G-5QI to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element can use the G-5QI to
  • the data flow performs QoS control at the granularity of the data packet group.
  • the first network element sends a 5QI with a value of 200 to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, and the 5QI corresponds to the QoS parameter based on the data packet group (for example, the 5QI is agreed in advance through the agreement to be 200, the corresponding QoS parameter is the QoS parameter based on the data packet group), so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element can perform the data flow of the first service according to the 5QI with the data packet group as the granularity QoS control.
  • the first network element sends a 5QI with a value of 200 to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, and the control mode corresponding to the 5QI is group, so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element According to the 5QI, the network element can perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service with the data packet group as the granularity.
  • the second information includes first indication information and second QoS parameters
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow
  • the second QoS parameter is used to indicate the first QoS Flow QoS parameters.
  • the first device requests the first control mode based on data packet group control or the second control mode based on data packet control
  • the first network element determines the QoS control of the first QoS flow according to the first information after receiving the first information
  • the method is the first control method and the corresponding QoS parameters, and then sends the first indication information and the second QoS parameters to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element
  • the network element may perform QoS control at the data packet group granularity on the data flow of the first service according to the first indication information, so as to satisfy the second QoS parameter.
  • the second QoS parameter is any row in Table 4, and when the first indication information indicates data packet group-based control, the second QoS parameter can be understood as a data packet group-based QoS parameter.
  • the second QoS parameter is any row in Table 4, and when the first indication information indicates packet-based control, the second QoS parameter may be understood as a packet-based QoS parameter.
  • the second QoS parameter is a packet-based QoS parameter, but the second QoS parameter is a packet-based QoS parameter applicable to the first control method, wherein the first network element may The relationship of packets to groups of data packets and/or weighting factors of groups of data packets determine the second QoS parameter.
  • the group is the granularity to perform QoS control on the first QoS flow
  • the first network element may determine the relationship between data packets and data packet groups of the data flow of the first service and/or the weighting factor of the data packet groups according to the following methods.
  • the server of the first service may directly indicate the relationship and/or weighting factor between data packets and data packet groups of the data flow of the first service.
  • the server of the first service may indicate that the data flow of the first service includes 5 data packets, the group of 5 data packets includes 500 data packets, and the weighting factor corresponding to the group of 5 data packets is 0.5.
  • the first network element may determine the relationship and/or weighting factor between data packets and data packet groups of the data flow of the first service through the service information of the first service.
  • the service information includes coding parameters of the first service and/or weighting factors of each data packet group in the first service.
  • the encoding parameters of the first service include frame rate, resolution, code rate, and so on.
  • the first network element may calculate the relationship between the data packet and the data packet group according to the encoding parameter.
  • each frame of the first service is the same, each frame is a data packet group, the size of a data packet is 10kb, the number of transmission frames per second (frames per second, FPS) of the first service is 10, and the code rate is 10Mbps, then it can be obtained that the size of each frame of the first service is 1mb, and then the number of data packets contained in each frame is 100.
  • the encoding parameters may also include a group of video images (Group of picture, GoP), so that the number of key frames (I frame) and auxiliary frames (P frames) of the first service can be calculated, and then the key frames and the number of auxiliary frames (P frames) can be calculated.
  • Auxiliary frames correspond to different weighting factors. For example, keyframes have a weighting factor of 1 and auxiliary frames have a weighting factor of 0.3.
  • the method 400 further includes: the first network element acquires service information of the first service.
  • the first network element may acquire the service information of the first service from the first device or other network elements, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the second information includes first indication information and second QoS parameters
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow
  • the second QoS parameters include at least one packet-based QoS parameters.
  • the first device requests the first control mode based on data packet group control or the second control mode based on data packet control, and the first network element determines the QoS control of the first QoS flow according to the first information after receiving the first information
  • the mode is a first control mode and a second QoS parameter, wherein the second QoS parameter is a data packet-based QoS parameter.
  • the second QoS parameter determined by the first network element is capable of meeting the QoS requirement of the data flow of the first service at the granularity of data packets.
  • the first device, the second network element, and the access network device After receiving the first indication information and the second QoS parameter, the first device, the second network element, and the access network device can finally determine according to the relationship between the data packet and the data packet group in the data flow of the first service that the data packet group can meet the requirements.
  • QoS parameters for granular QoS control For example, the packet error rate corresponding to 5QI in the second QoS parameter determined by the first network element is 0.0001, after the first device, the second network element, and the access network device receive the first indication information and the second QoS parameter, determine the first
  • the data flow of the service includes 10000 data packets, and the 10000 data packets can form 100 data packet groups, and the first device, the second network element, and the access network device can finally determine that the group error rate is 0.01.
  • the first network element can first determine that the QoS parameters that meet the QoS control at the granularity of data packets are satisfied, and the first device, the second network element, and the access network device finally determine that the QoS parameters that meet the QoS control at the granularity of data packet groups are satisfied. QoS parameters.
  • the method 400 further includes: the first network element sends service information of the first service.
  • the first indication information is specifically used to indicate a preferred control mode of the first QoS flow, which may also be referred to as a control mode priority.
  • the first network element can indicate the preferred control mode of the first QoS flow through the first indication information, and the first device, the second network element, and the access network device will finally determine the corresponding QoS parameters according to the first indication information. For details, please refer to Described later.
  • the second information includes second indication information, a third QoS parameter, and a fourth QoS parameter, where the second indication information is used to indicate the preferred QoS control mode of the first QoS flow, and the third QoS
  • the parameters include M data packet group-based QoS parameters, M ⁇ 1 and M is a positive integer, and the fourth QoS parameter includes L data packet-based QoS parameters, L ⁇ 1 and L is a positive integer.
  • the first network element may indicate the preferred QoS control mode of the first QoS flow through the second indication information, and the first device, the second network element, and the access network device finally determine whether to use the third QoS parameter or the fourth QoS parameter according to the second indication information.
  • QoS parameters may indicate the preferred QoS control mode of the first QoS flow through the second indication information, and the first device, the second network element, and the access network device finally determine whether to use the third QoS parameter or the fourth QoS parameter according to the second indication information.
  • the second indication information indirectly indicates the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow by indicating the preferred QoS control mode of the first QoS flow, that is, the second information is used to indicate the control mode of the first QoS flow.
  • the first device performs QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the first device may perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the first device may perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service based on the granularity of the data packet group. For example, when a data packet in the first data packet group in the data flow of the first service is lost, the first device may discard other data packets in the first data packet group.
  • the first device may give priority to ensuring a data packet group with a high transmission ratio.
  • the first device may preferentially guarantee data packet groups with high importance.
  • the second information includes a first QoS parameter
  • the first QoS parameter includes N data packet group-based QoS parameters, where N ⁇ 1 and N is a positive integer.
  • the first device may determine that the control mode of the first QoS flow is the first control mode of data packet group control, and perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service based on the first QoS parameter.
  • the first QoS parameter indicating the control manner of the first QoS flow, reference may be made to the foregoing description, and details are not repeated here.
  • the second information includes first indication information and second QoS parameters
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow
  • the second QoS parameter is used to indicate the first QoS Flow QoS parameters.
  • the first device may perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the control manner indicated by the first indication information to satisfy the second QoS parameter.
  • the second QoS parameter and the first indication information For the description of the second QoS parameter and the first indication information, reference may be made to the foregoing description, and details are not repeated here.
  • the second information includes first indication information and second QoS parameters
  • the first indication information is used to indicate the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow
  • the second QoS parameters include at least one packet-based QoS parameters.
  • the first device may perform QoS control according to the QoS control mode indicated by the first indication information. For example, when the first indication information indicates the second control mode based on data packet control, the first device may perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service at the granularity of data packets to meet the second QoS parameter; when the first indication When the information indicates the first control method based on data packet group control, the first device may determine the data packet group-based is the QoS parameter controlled at the granularity, and then the first device performs QoS control on the data flow of the first service at the granularity of the data packet group to meet the determined QoS parameter.
  • the first device may determine the relationship between data packets and data packet groups of the data flow of the first service and/or the weighting factor of the data packet groups according to the following methods.
  • the server of the first service may directly indicate the relationship and/or weighting factor between data packets and data packet groups of the data flow of the first service.
  • the first device may determine the relationship and/or weighting factor between data packets and data packet groups of the data flow of the first service according to the service information of the first service.
  • the method 400 further includes: the first device acquires service information of the first service.
  • the first device may obtain service information of the first service from a network element of the core network.
  • the first indication information is specifically used to indicate a preferred control mode of the first QoS flow, which may also be referred to as a control mode priority.
  • the first device executes the QoS control mode indicated by the first indication information; when the first device does not When the QoS control mode indicated by the first indication information is supported, another control mode is executed.
  • the second QoS parameter is the QoS parameter based on data packets, and the first device supports the first control method, then the first device The relationship between the data packet and the data packet group and/or the weighting factor of the data packet group determine the QoS parameters satisfying the first control method; when the first device does not support the first control method, the first device executes the second control method,
  • the second QoS parameter is a QoS parameter that satisfies the QoS requirement.
  • the first device can flexibly select a suitable QoS control mode, which improves the flexibility of QoS management.
  • the second information includes second indication information, a third QoS parameter, and a fourth QoS parameter
  • the second indication information is used to indicate the preferred QoS control mode of the first QoS flow
  • the third QoS parameter It includes M data packet group-based QoS parameters, M ⁇ 1 and M is a positive integer
  • the fourth QoS parameter includes L data packet-based QoS parameters, L ⁇ 1 and L is a positive integer.
  • the first device After the first device receives the second indication information, when the first device supports the preferred QoS control mode indicated by the second indication information, the first device executes the QoS preferred control mode indicated by the second indication information; when the first device does not support the first When indicating the QoS preferred control mode indicated by the information, another control mode is executed.
  • the preferred QoS control method indicated by the second indication information is the first control method, and the first device supports the first control method, then the first device executes the first control method, and the third QoS parameter is the QoS parameter that meets the QoS requirement ;
  • the first device executes the second control mode, and the fourth QoS parameter is a QoS parameter that meets the QoS requirement.
  • the first device can flexibly select a suitable QoS control mode, which improves the flexibility of QoS management.
  • the access network device performs QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the second network element performs QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the method 400 further includes: the first network element determines the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow according to the first service, or the first network element determines the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow according to the Whether the first device supports the first control mode determines the QoS control mode of the first QoS flow.
  • the first network element may determine the control mode of the first QoS reservation according to the characteristics of the first service or whether the first device supports the first control mode. For example, when the first device does not support the first control mode, the first network element will not instruct the first device to execute the first control mode.
  • the first network element after the first network element receives the information requesting QoS, it can determine different QoS control methods according to the characteristics of the first service, and can provide the first service with a QoS control method based on data packet groups and corresponding QoS parameters improve the flexibility of QoS management, meet the needs of different services, improve user experience, and reduce the waste of network resources.
  • the first network element may be an SMF; (2) the second network element may be a UPF; (3) the first device may be a terminal device or an application server.
  • the following takes the first network element as an SMF, the second network element as a UPF, and the first device as a terminal device as an example, as shown in Figure 5
  • the specific example methods shown respectively describe S401-S405 in the method 400 in detail.
  • the terminal device sends first information to the SMF, where the first information is used to request QoS for the first service.
  • the terminal device sends the first information to the SMF through the AMF.
  • the terminal device sends the first information to the SMF, the terminal device has established a PDU session through the SMF, and established a connection with the application server through the PDU session, then the first information may be included in the session modification request information that requests modification of the PDU session .
  • the SMF sends second information, the second information is used to indicate the control mode and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service, and the QoS control mode includes data packet group-based The first control mode of the control.
  • the SMF sends the second information to the terminal device, the access network device, and the UPF.
  • the SMF sends the second information to the access network device through the AMF, and sends the second information to the terminal device through the AMF and the access network device.
  • the second information may be sent to the access network device in the QoS configuration (QoS profile), the second information may be sent to the terminal device in the QoS rule (QoS rule), and the second information may be included in the packet detection rule (Packet detection rule) to the UPF device.
  • QoS configuration QoS profile
  • QoS rule QoS rule
  • Packet detection rule Packet detection rule
  • the application server sends the data flow of the first service to the UPF.
  • the application server may indicate the relationship between data packets and data packet groups of the data flow of the first service in S503.
  • the data flow of the first service includes 100 data packets, and the 100 data packets may form 3 data packet groups.
  • the application server adds indication information to the packet header of the data packet of the first service.
  • the packet header of each data packet of the first service includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate which data packet group the data packet belongs to (that is, the sequence number of the data packet group it belongs to), and the data packet belongs to The position in the packet group (that is, the specific packet sequence number in the data packet group), the flag of the beginning of the data packet group to which the data packet belongs (that is, the first data packet in the data packet group) and the end flag (that is, the first data packet in the data packet group) At least one of the last data packet of the data packet), the importance of the data packet group to which the data packet belongs.
  • the indication information of the packet header of the first data packet is used to indicate that the first data packet belongs to the first data packet group, the first data packet is located at the first position of the first data packet group, and the first data packet group starts from the first A data packet ending with at least one item in the fourth data packet.
  • the header of the first data packet of each data packet group of the first service includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate which data packet group the data packet belongs to (that is, the sequence number of the data packet group to which it belongs) , the size of the data packet group to which the data packet belongs (that is, how many data packets are in total in the data packet group), the sign of the beginning of the data packet group to which the data packet belongs (that is, the first data packet in the data packet group), the data At least one of the flag of the end of the previous data packet group of the data packet group to which the packet belongs, and the importance of the data packet group to which the data packet belongs.
  • the first data packet group includes the first data packet, the second data packet, and the third data packet and the first data packet is the first data packet of the first data packet group, then in the header of the first data packet Including indication information, the indication information indicates that the first data packet belongs to the first data packet group, and the size of the first data packet group is 3 (the second data packet and the third data packet belong to the first data packet group together with the first data packet ), the first data packet is located at the first position of the first data packet group, and the first data packet group starts with the first data packet and ends with at least one item in the third data packet.
  • the headers of the first data packet and the last data packet of each data packet group of the first service include indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate which data packet group the data packet belongs to (that is, the data packet it belongs to).
  • the sequence number of the packet group), the size of the data packet group to which the data packet belongs (that is, how many data packets are in the data packet group), and the header indication information of the first data packet indicates that the data packet is the beginning sign of the data packet group to which it belongs 1.
  • the header indication information of the last data packet indicates that the data packet is an end sign of the data packet group to which it belongs.
  • the first data packet group includes a first data packet, a second data packet, and a third data packet
  • the first data packet is the first data packet of the first data packet group
  • the third data packet is the first data packet.
  • the last data packet of the packet group, then the packet headers of the first data packet and the third data packet include indication information, and the indication information indicates that the first data packet and the third data packet belong to the first data packet group, and the first data packet group
  • the size is 3 (the second data packet, the first data packet and the third data packet belong to the first data packet group), and the indication information of the header of the first data packet indicates that the first data packet is the beginning of the first data packet group.
  • the indication information of the header of the third data packet indicates that the third data packet is at least one of the end data packets of the first data packet group.
  • the first data packet header of the first service includes indication information, and the indication information is used to indicate the data packet group to which all data packets of the first service belong, the start identifier and the end identifier of each data packet group, At least one of the positions of each data packet in the data packet group to which it belongs.
  • the first data packet is the first data packet of the first service
  • the packet header of the first data includes indication information indicating that the first data packet, the second data packet, and the third data packet belong to the first data packet.
  • the data packet group and the first data packet group start from the first data packet and end at the third data packet.
  • the first data packet is located at the first position of the first data packet group
  • the second data packet is located at the first position of the first data packet group. In the second position, the third data packet is located in the third position of the first data packet group.
  • the application server may also indicate the weighting factor of each data packet group in the data flow of the first service in S503.
  • the weighting factor can correspond to different importances, that is, it can be understood as the degree of influence on users. Taking the XR service as an example, the key frames of the XR service have a greater impact on users, and the auxiliary frames have less impact on users. Therefore, the weighting factor of the key frames of the XR service is greater than that of the auxiliary frames.
  • the description of the application server indicating the weighting factor of each data packet group is similar to the description of the application server indicating the relationship between the data packets and the data packet groups of the data flow of the first service, and for the sake of brevity, details are not repeated here.
  • the application server may separately send indication information for indicating the relationship between data packet groups and data packets of the first service and/or the weighting factor of each data packet group.
  • the UPF sends the data flow of the first service to the access network device.
  • the UPF may send the data of the first service to the access network device, and perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the UPF may add tag information to the header of the data packet of the first service, such as adding it to the header of the GTP-U packet, to indicate the number of data packet groups of the first service and/or The start data packet and the end data packet of each data packet group and/or the weighting factor of each data packet and/or the number of data packets included in each data packet group.
  • the UPF may obtain the tag information through an application server instruction, that is, through step S503.
  • the UPF may obtain the tag information according to the service information of the first service.
  • the access network device sends the data flow of the first service to the terminal device.
  • the access network device may perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information. For example, the access network device may schedule data packets of the first service based on the group delay budget to ensure that delays of data packets of the same data packet group comply with the group delay budget. For another example, the access network device may schedule data packets of the first service based on the group error rate, and when a data packet in a data packet group is transmitted incorrectly, the access network device discards other data packets in the data packet group. For another example, the access network device may give priority to guaranteeing data packet groups with a large transmission completion ratio, so as to avoid invalid transmission of already transmitted data packets.
  • the terminal device performs QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the terminal device may perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information. For example, the terminal device can perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service based on the group error rate.
  • the terminal device can no longer receive other packets of the data packet group. until the terminal device receives a retransmitted data packet of a data packet that fails to be transmitted or decoded, the terminal device then receives other data packets of the data packet group.
  • the method 500 uses the transmission of downlink data as an example, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto, and the embodiment of the present application may also be used for transmitting uplink data.
  • the terminal device sends data of the first service to the access network device, and performs QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the terminal device may indicate, similarly to the application server, the relationship between the data packets of the first service and the data packet groups and/or the weighting factor of each data packet group.
  • the terminal device sends the data of the first service and performs QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information, reference may be made to the foregoing, and details are not repeated here.
  • the first network element after the first network element receives the information requesting QoS, it can determine different QoS control methods according to the characteristics of the first service, and can provide the first service with a QoS control method based on data packet groups and corresponding QoS parameters improve the flexibility of QoS management, meet the needs of different services, improve user experience, and reduce the waste of network resources.
  • the first network element as an SMF
  • the second network element as a UPF
  • the first device as an application server
  • the application server sends first information to the SMF, where the first information is used to request QoS for the first service.
  • the application server sends the first information to the SMF through the PCF.
  • the application server sends the first information to the SMF through the NEF and the PCF.
  • the application server Before the application server sends the first information to the SMF, the application server has established a connection with the application server through the PDU session, and the first information may be included in the session modification request information.
  • the SMF sends second information, the second information is used to indicate the control mode and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service, and the QoS control mode includes The first control mode of the control.
  • the application server sends the data flow of the first service to the UPF.
  • the UPF sends the data flow of the first service to the access network device.
  • the access network device sends the data flow of the first service to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device performs QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the first network element after the first network element receives the information requesting QoS, it can determine different QoS control methods according to the characteristics of the first service, and can provide the first service with a QoS control method based on data packet groups and corresponding QoS parameters improve the flexibility of QoS management, meet the needs of different services, improve user experience, and reduce the waste of network resources.
  • the terminal device has established a connection with the application server before sending the first information, or the application server has established a connection with the terminal device before sending the first information, but this application is not limited thereto.
  • the first information may be sent when the terminal device establishes a connection with the application server, so that after the terminal device establishes a connection with the application server, a corresponding QoS control manner may be executed.
  • the data flow of the first service is carried by one QoS flow as an example, but the application is not limited thereto.
  • the data flow of the first service may be carried by two QoS flows, and the two QoS flows may be Execute joint control.
  • a QoS management method for performing joint QoS control on multiple QoS flows will be introduced in detail below.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic flowchart of a QoS management method 700 provided by the present application.
  • the first device sends third information, where the third information is used to request QoS for the second service.
  • the first device sends third information to the first network element, where the third information is used to request QoS for the second service.
  • the first information includes an identifier of the first service (for example, an application identifier, etc.), a quintuple (source IP address, source port number, destination IP address, destination port number, transport layer protocol) , at least one of triplets (target IP address, target port number, transport layer protocol) and request information, where the request information is used to request QoS for the second service.
  • an identifier of the first service for example, an application identifier, etc.
  • a quintuple source IP address, source port number, destination IP address, destination port number, transport layer protocol
  • triplets target IP address, target port number, transport layer protocol
  • request information is used to request QoS for the second service.
  • the request information is also used to request a QoS flow control manner.
  • the request information may be used to request joint QoS control on the data flow of the second service.
  • Joint QoS control can be understood as performing QoS control on multiple QoS flows with an associated relationship so that the multiple QoS flows jointly satisfy corresponding QoS parameters.
  • the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow have an association relationship, wherein the data flow transmitted by the second QoS flow includes 1000 data packets, and the data flow transmitted by the second QoS flow includes 1000 data packets. If the second QoS flow and The third QoS flow performs joint QoS control so that the lost data is less than 40, and the sum of the lost data packets on the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow needs to be less than 40.
  • the request information requests joint QoS parameters. It can be understood that, when the request information requests joint QoS parameters, the QoS control mode requested by the request information is joint QoS control.
  • the joint QoS parameters provided by the embodiment of the present application will be introduced in detail below.
  • Joint QoS parameters refer to the QoS requirements of multiple QoS flows with an association relationship.
  • the QoS flow with an association relationship can be understood as the data flow transmitted by the QoS flow has an association relationship.
  • the first QoS flow has an association relationship with the second QoS flow, wherein the first QoS flow transmits the first data flow of the first service, and the second QoS flow transmits the second data flow of the first service.
  • Joint QoS parameters may include one or more of the following: joint 5G QoS identification (CorrelatedQoS flow5G QoS Identifier, CQF-5QI), joint error rate (CorrelatedQoS flow Error Rate, CQF-ER), aggregation joint error rate (CorrelatedQoS flow AggregationError Rate, CQF-AER), joint maximum loss rate (CorrelatedQoS flow Maximum Loss Rate, CQF-MLR), aggregation joint maximum loss rate (CorrelatedQoS flowMaximum AggregationLoss Rate, CQF-MALR), joint maximum bit rate (CorrelatedQoS flow Maximum Bit Rate , CQF-MBR), joint aggregation maximum bit rate (CorrelatedQoS flow Aggregation Maximum Bit Rate, CQF-AMBR), the joint QoS parameters will be introduced in detail below.
  • joint 5G QoS identification CorrelatedQoS flow5G QoS Identifier, CQF-5QI
  • joint error rate CorrelatedQ
  • the joint error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of data packet groups or data packet transmission errors in the QoS flow with an association relationship, and may also be called the upper limit of unsuccessfully transmitted data packet groups or data packet transmission errors.
  • the data packet can be judged as a transmission error, or when a QoS flow with an associated relationship transmits a wrong data packet group (for example, a data packet of the data packet group is lost) , the data packet group can be determined as a transmission error.
  • the data flow transmitted by the first QoS flow includes 1000 data packets
  • the data flow transmitted by the second QoS flow includes 1000 data packets. packets, it is necessary to ensure that the number of wrong data packets transmitted in the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow is less than 40; or the data flow transmitted by the first QoS flow includes 1000 data packet groups, and the second QoS flow transmits If the data flow includes 1000 data packet groups, it is necessary to ensure that the number of wrong data packet groups transmitted in the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow is less than 40.
  • the aggregated joint error rate is used to indicate the upper limit of data packet group or data packet transmission error in the QoS flow with associated relationship based on importance, and can also be understood as the upper limit of weighted data packet group or weighted data packet transmission error that was not successfully transmitted.
  • Data packet groups or data packets have different importance, then data packet groups and data packets of different importance can correspond to different weighting factors, and the weighting factor is counted together with the number of data packet groups or data packets with transmission errors calculate.
  • the weighting factor corresponding to the first data packet group transmitted by the associated QoS stream is 0.5, then when the first data packet group is transmitted incorrectly, it can be counted as 0.5 data packet group transmission errors, and for another example, the second The weighting factor corresponding to the data packet group is 1, and when the second data packet group is wrongly transmitted, it can be recorded as a data packet group transmission error.
  • the data flow transmitted by the first QoS flow includes 1000 data packet groups
  • the data flow transmitted by the second QoS flow includes 1000 data packet groups, in which the first QoS flow has 10 data packet group transmission errors with a weighting factor of 1, 5 data packet group transmission errors with a weighting factor of 0.4, and the second QoS flow has 5 data packet groups with a weighting factor of 1
  • 5 data packet group transmission errors with a weighting factor of 0.4 can be counted as 19 data packet group transmission errors, and the first QoS flow meets the aggregate joint error rate.
  • the QoS flow with the associated relationship transmits the data packet, reference may be made to the above description, which will not be repeated here.
  • the joint loss rate is used to indicate the upper limit of data packet group or data packet loss in the QoS flow based on the association relationship, and can also be understood as the upper limit of tolerable discarded data packet group or data packet.
  • the data packet can be determined to be lost, or when the QoS flow with the associated relationship loses a data packet group (for example, a data packet of the data packet group is lost), the data packet can be determined as lost. Packet group decision lost.
  • the data flow transmitted by the first QoS flow includes 1000 data packets
  • the data flow transmitted by the second QoS flow includes 1000 data packets packets
  • the aggregated joint loss rate is used to indicate the data packet group or the upper limit of the data packet loss in the QoS flow with the relationship based on the importance, and can also be understood as the tolerable discarded data packet group or the upper limit of the data packet.
  • Data packet groups or data packets have different importance, then data packet groups and data packets of different importance can correspond to different weighting factors, and the weighting factor and the number of lost data packet groups or data packets are included in the calculation .
  • the weighting factor corresponding to the first data packet group transmitted by the associated QoS stream is 0.5, then when the first data packet group is lost, it can be counted as 0.5 data packet group transmission error, another example, the second data packet group
  • the weighting factor corresponding to the packet group is 1, and when the second data packet group is lost, it can be recorded as a transmission error of 1 data packet group.
  • the data flow transmitted by the first QoS flow includes 1000 data packet groups
  • the data flow transmitted by the second QoS flow includes 1000 packet groups
  • the first QoS flow has 10 packet groups with a weighting factor of 1 lost
  • 5 packet groups with a weighting factor of 0.4 are lost
  • the second QoS flow has 5 packet groups with a weighting factor of 1 If 5 data packet groups with a weighting factor of 0.4 are lost, it can be counted as 19 data packet group losses, and the first QoS flow satisfies the aggregate joint loss rate.
  • the QoS flow with the associated relationship transmits the data packet, reference may be made to the above description, which will not be repeated here.
  • the joint aggregated maximum bit rate is used to indicate the aggregated bit rate of all non-GBR QoS flows in a QoS flow with a group of association relationships.
  • the joint aggregated maximum bit rate can be calculated through an average window, that is, within an average window Aggregate bit rate.
  • the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow have an association relationship, and the type of the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow is a Non-GBR QoS flow, wherein the bit rate of the first QoS flow is 50M, and the bit rate of the second QoS flow If the rate is 50M, then the joint aggregation maximum bit rate of the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow is 100M.
  • the joint maximum bit rate is used to indicate the maximum bit rate of a group of associated QoS flows.
  • the joint maximum bit rate can be calculated through an average window, that is, the aggregate bit rate of all QoS flows within an average window.
  • the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow have an association relationship
  • the type of the first QoS flow is a GBR QoS flow
  • the type of the second QoS flow is a Non-GBR QoS flow
  • the bit rate of the first QoS flow is 50M
  • the bit rate of the second QoS flow is 50M
  • the joint maximum bit rate of the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow is 100M.
  • CQF-5QI is an index value used to associate one or more joint QoS parameters. Similarly, other joint QoS parameters can be obtained through CQF-5QI.
  • CQF-MPLR CorrelatedQoS flow Maximum Packet Loss Rate
  • CQF-MMULR joint media unit maximum loss rate
  • CQF-MUER CorrelatedQoS flow Media UnitMaximum Loss Rate
  • the request information may directly request joint QoS control.
  • the request information may also request non-joint QoS control, but the first network element may determine to use joint QoS control according to characteristics of the second service. For example, if the second service is a media service such as XR, and the I frame of the second service is carried in the second QoS flow, and the P frame is carried in the third QoS flow, then the first network element can determine the difference between the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow. Flows perform joint QoS control.
  • the first network element sends fourth information, where the fourth information includes QoS parameters used to jointly control the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the first network element determines that the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow have an association relationship, that is, they both belong to the QoS flow that transmits the second service, and the first network element sends a report to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element Send fourth information, where the fourth information includes QoS parameters used to jointly control the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the fourth information includes a fifth QoS parameter, where the fifth QoS parameter includes K joint QoS parameters, where K ⁇ 1 and K is a positive integer.
  • the first network element may use the fifth QoS parameter to indicate that joint QoS control is performed on the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the fifth QoS parameter is C-5QI, it indicates that joint QoS control is performed on the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the first network element sends a C-5QI to the first device, the access network device, and the second network element, and the value of the C-5QI is 50, so that the first device, the access network device, and the second network element can
  • the C-5QI performs joint control on the first QoS flow and the second QoS flow carrying the data flow of the first service.
  • the fourth information includes third indication information and a sixth QoS parameter
  • the third indication information is used to indicate joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow
  • the sixth QoS parameter is a parameter used for joint QoS control
  • the sixth QoS includes L QoS parameters based on data packet groups, L ⁇ 1 and L is a positive integer
  • the sixth QoS parameter includes J A packet-based QoS parameter, J ⁇ 1 and J is a positive integer.
  • the first device performs joint QoS control on the data flow of the second service according to the fourth information.
  • the fourth information includes a fifth QoS parameter, where the fifth QoS parameter includes K joint QoS parameters, where K ⁇ 1 and K is a positive integer.
  • the first device may determine to perform joint control on the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow to meet the fifth QoS parameter.
  • the fourth information includes third indication information and a sixth QoS parameter
  • the third indication information is used to indicate joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow
  • the sixth QoS parameter is a parameter used for joint QoS control
  • the sixth QoS includes L QoS parameters based on data packet groups, L ⁇ 1 and L is a positive integer
  • the sixth QoS parameter includes J A packet-based QoS parameter, J ⁇ 1 and J is a positive integer.
  • the first device After receiving the third indication information and the sixth QoS parameter, the first device determines to perform joint control on the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow to meet the sixth QoS parameter according to the third indication information.
  • the sixth QoS parameter may be a QoS parameter based on a data packet group or a QoS parameter based on a data packet, and then the granularity when performing joint control may be determined.
  • the sixth QoS parameter is a QoS parameter based on a data packet group, and the joint control of the third QoS flow of the second QoS flow is performed at the granularity of a data packet group.
  • the access network device performs joint QoS control on the data flow of the second service according to the fourth information.
  • the second network element performs joint QoS control on the data flow of the second service according to the fourth information.
  • the first device when the data flow of the service is carried by multiple QoS flows, the first device can perform joint control on the multiple QoS flows, which improves the flexibility of QoS management and meets the needs of different services. Improved user experience.
  • the first network element may be an SMF; (2) the second network element may be a UPF; (3) the first device may be a terminal device or an application server.
  • the following takes the first network element as an SMF, the second network element as a UPF, and the first device as a terminal device as an example, as shown in Figure 8
  • S701-S705 in the method 700 will be described in detail respectively.
  • the terminal device sends third information to the SMF, where the first information is used to request QoS for the first service.
  • the terminal device sends the first information to the SMF through the AMF.
  • the terminal device before the terminal device sends the first information to the SMF, the terminal device has established a connection with the application server through the PDU session, and the first information may be included in the session modification request information.
  • the SMF sends fourth information, where the fourth information is used to indicate joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow and QoS parameters used for joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow are used to transmit the data flow of the second service.
  • the SMF sends the fourth information to the terminal device, the access network device, and the UPF.
  • the SMF sends the fourth information to the access network device through the AMF, and sends the fourth information to the terminal device through the AMF and the access network device.
  • the fourth information may be sent to the access network device in the QoS configuration (QoS profile), and the fourth information may be sent to the terminal device in the QoS rule (QoS rule).
  • the fourth information may be sent to the UPF device in a packet detection rule (Packet detection rule).
  • the application server sends the data flow of the first service to the UPF.
  • the application server may indicate the relationship between data packets and data packet groups of the data flow of the second service in S803.
  • the data flow of the second service includes 100 data packets, and the 100 data packets may form 3 data packet groups.
  • the application server adds indication information to the packet header of the data packet of the first service.
  • the application server may also indicate the weighting factor of each data packet group in the data flow of the first service in S803.
  • the weighting factor can correspond to different importances, that is, it can be understood as the degree of influence on users. Taking the XR service as an example, the key frames of the XR service have a greater impact on users, and the auxiliary frames have less impact on users. Therefore, the weighting factor of the key frames of the XR service is greater than that of the auxiliary frames.
  • the UPF sends the data flow of the second service to the access network device.
  • the UPF transmits the data flow of the second service through the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow, and performs joint QoS control on the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow according to the fourth information.
  • the UPF may add tag information to the header of the data packet of the second service, which is used to indicate the number of data packet groups of the second service and/or the starting data of each data packet group Packet and termination data packets and/or the weighting factor of each data packet and/or the number of data packets included in each data packet group, so that the access network device and the terminal device can base on the data packet group as the granularity for the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow perform joint QoS control.
  • the UPF may obtain the tag information through an application server instruction, that is, obtain through step S803.
  • the UPF may obtain the tag information according to the service information of the second service.
  • the access network device sends the data flow of the second service to the terminal device.
  • the access network device receives the data of the second service sent by the UPF, and the access network device performs QoS control on the data flow of the second service according to the second information. For example, the access network device can schedule the data packets of the second service based on the joint error rate, and the access network device needs to ensure that the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow transmit the wrong data packets (or data packet groups) with the total data packets ( or the total packet group) is less than the joint error rate.
  • the terminal device performs QoS control on the data flow of the second service according to the second information.
  • the method 800 uses the transmission of downlink data as an example, but the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto, and the embodiment of the present application may also be used for transmitting uplink data.
  • the terminal device can schedule the data packets of the second service based on the joint error rate, and the terminal device needs to ensure that the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow transmit the wrong data packets (or data packet groups) with the total data packets (or total data packets) group) is less than the joint error rate.
  • the terminal device may indicate, similarly to the application server, the relationship between the data packets of the second service and the data packet groups and/or the weighting factor of each data packet group.
  • the QoS management method implemented in this application when the data flow of the service is carried by multiple QoS flows, can perform joint control on the multiple QoS flows, which improves the flexibility of QoS management, meets the needs of different services, and improves the user experience. experience.
  • FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 are schematic block diagrams of possible QoS management devices provided by the embodiments of the present application. These apparatuses can realize the functions of the terminal equipment or any network element in the above method embodiments, and therefore can also realize the beneficial effects of the above method embodiments.
  • the device may be a terminal device, or a first network element, or a second network element, or an access network device, or it may be a terminal device, a first network element, or a second network element.
  • Network elements such as chips).
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for QoS management provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • the apparatus 900 includes a transceiver unit 901 and, optionally, a processing unit 902 .
  • the transceiver unit 901 is used to send first information, and the first information is used to request QoS for the first service; the transceiver unit 901 also It is used to receive second information, where the second information is used to indicate the control mode and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, where the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service.
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the transceiver unit 901 is used to receive first information from the first device, and the first information is used to request QoS for the first service ;
  • the transceiver unit 901 is also used to send second information, the second information is used to indicate the control mode and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow, where the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service.
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to determine the control mode and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow.
  • the transceiver unit 901 is used to receive second information, and the second information is used to indicate the control mode and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow , wherein the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service.
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the transceiver unit 901 is used to receive second information, and the second information is used to indicate the control mode and QoS parameters of the first QoS flow , wherein the first QoS flow is used to transmit the data flow of the first service.
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the second information.
  • the transceiver unit 901 is used to send third information, and the third information is used to request QoS for the second service; the transceiver unit 901 also For receiving fourth information, the fourth information is used to indicate joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow and QoS parameters for joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow, wherein the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow
  • the three QoS flows are used to transmit the data flows of the second service.
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the fourth information.
  • the transceiver unit 901 is used to receive third information from the first device, and the third information is used to request QoS for the second service
  • the transceiver unit 901 is also used to send fourth information, the fourth information is used to indicate the joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow and the QoS parameters used to jointly control the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow, wherein The second QoS flow and the third QoS flow are used to transmit the data flow of the second service.
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to determine QoS parameters for joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the transceiver unit 901 is used to receive fourth information, and the fourth information is used to indicate joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the fourth information.
  • the transceiver unit 901 is used to receive the second information
  • the fourth information is used to indicate joint control of the second QoS flow and the third QoS flow.
  • the processing unit 902 is configured to perform QoS control on the data flow of the first service according to the fourth information.
  • transceiver unit 901 For a more detailed description of the transceiver unit 901 and the processing unit 902, reference may be made to the relevant descriptions in the method embodiment 400 to the method 800 above, and no further description is given here.
  • Fig. 10 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 1000 applying the embodiment of the present application. Any network element involved in any one of the foregoing methods 400 to 800 may be implemented by the apparatus shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the apparatus 1000 may be a physical device, or a component of the physical device (for example, an integrated circuit, a chip, etc.), or a functional module in the physical device.
  • the apparatus 1000 includes: one or more processors 1001 .
  • the processor 1001 may store execution instructions for executing the method of the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 1001 may call an interface to implement receiving and sending functions.
  • the interface may be a logical interface or a physical interface, which is not limited.
  • the interface may be a transceiver circuit, or an interface circuit.
  • the transceiver circuits or interface circuits for realizing the functions of receiving and sending can be separated or integrated together.
  • the above-mentioned transceiver circuit or interface circuit can be used for reading and writing code/data, or the above-mentioned transceiver circuit or interface circuit can be used for signal transmission or transfer.
  • the interface can be implemented through a transceiver.
  • the apparatus 1000 may further include a transceiver 1003 .
  • the transceiver 1003 may be called a transceiver unit, a transceiver, a transceiver circuit, or a transceiver, etc., and is used to implement a transceiver function.
  • the apparatus 1000 may further include a memory 1002 .
  • the embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit the specific deployment location of the memory 1002, and the memory may be integrated in the processor, or may be independent of the processor.
  • the device 1000 does not include a memory, it is sufficient that the device 1000 has a processing function, and the memory can be deployed in other locations (eg, a cloud system).
  • the processor 1001, the memory 1002 and the transceiver 1003 communicate with each other through internal connection paths, and transmit control and/or data signals.
  • the device 1000 may also include other devices, such as an input device, an output device, a battery, and the like.
  • the memory 1002 may store execution instructions for executing the method in the embodiment of the present application.
  • the processor 1001 can execute the instructions stored in the memory 1002 in conjunction with other hardware (such as the transceiver 703 ) to complete the steps of the method shown below.
  • other hardware such as the transceiver 703
  • the method disclosed in the embodiment of the present application may be applied to the processor 1001, or may be implemented by the processor 1001.
  • the processor 1001 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities.
  • each step of the method can be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in a processor or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the above-mentioned processor can be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (digital signal processor, DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (application specific integrated circuit, ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (field programmable gate array, FPGA) or other available Program logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA field programmable gate array
  • a general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor, or the processor may be any conventional processor, or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in connection with the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by a hardware decoding processor, or implemented by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in random access memory (random access memory, RAM), flash memory, read-only memory (read-only memory, ROM), programmable read-only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, etc. in the storage medium.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory, and the processor reads the instructions in the memory, and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • memory 1002 can be either volatile memory or nonvolatile memory, or can include both volatile and nonvolatile memory.
  • the non-volatile memory can be read-only memory ROM, programmable read-only memory (programmable ROM, PROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (erasable PROM, EPROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (electrically EPROM, EEPROM) or flash memory.
  • Volatile memory can be random access memory RAM, which acts as external cache memory.
  • RAM random access memory
  • SRAM static random access memory
  • DRAM dynamic random access memory
  • DRAM synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SDRAM double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • ESDRAM enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory
  • SLDRAM direct memory bus random access memory
  • direct rambus RAM direct rambus RAM
  • the apparatus 900 is presented in the form of functional modules.
  • the "module” here may refer to an application-specific integrated circuit ASIC, a circuit, a processor and memory executing one or more software or firmware programs, an integrated logic circuit, and/or other devices that can provide the above-mentioned functions.
  • the apparatus 900 may take the form shown in FIG. 9 .
  • the processing unit 901 may be implemented by the processor 1001 shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the processing unit 902 may be implemented by a processor 1001 and the memory 1002 .
  • the transceiver unit 901 may be implemented by the transceiver 1003 shown in FIG. 10 .
  • the transceiver 1003 includes a receiving function and a sending function.
  • the processor is implemented by executing computer programs stored in the memory.
  • the function and/or implementation process of the transceiver unit 1001 may also be implemented through pins or circuits.
  • the memory may be a storage unit in the chip, such as a register, a cache, etc., and the storage unit may also be a storage unit located outside the chip in the computer device, as shown in FIG. 10
  • the memory 1002 alternatively, may also be a storage unit deployed in other systems or devices, not in the computer device.
  • Computer-readable media may include, but are not limited to: magnetic storage devices (e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or tapes, etc.), optical disks (e.g., compact discs (compact discs, CDs), digital versatile discs (digital versatile discs, DVDs), etc.), smart cards and flash memory devices (for example, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), card, stick or key drive, etc.).
  • magnetic storage devices e.g., hard disks, floppy disks, or tapes, etc.
  • optical disks e.g., compact discs (compact discs, CDs), digital versatile discs (digital versatile discs, DVDs), etc.
  • smart cards and flash memory devices for example, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), card, stick or key drive, etc.
  • various storage media described herein can represent one or more devices and/or other machine-readable media for storing information.
  • the term "machine-readable medium” may include, but is not limited to, wireless channels and various other media capable of storing, containing and/or carrying instructions and/or data.
  • the present application also provides a computer-readable medium on which a computer program is stored, and when the computer program is executed by a computer, the functions of any one of the above method embodiments are realized.
  • the present application also provides a computer program product, which implements the functions of any one of the above method embodiments when executed by a computer.
  • all or part of them may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof.
  • When implemented using software it may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer instructions are loaded and executed on the computer, the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application will be generated in whole or in part.
  • the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices.
  • the computer instructions may be stored in or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions may be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center Transmission to another website site, computer, server or data center by wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer, or a data storage device such as a server or a data center integrated with one or more available media.
  • the available medium may be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (for example, a high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)), or a semiconductor medium (for example, a solid state disk (solid state disk, SSD)) etc.
  • a magnetic medium for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape
  • an optical medium for example, a high-density digital video disc (digital video disc, DVD)
  • a semiconductor medium for example, a solid state disk (solid state disk, SSD)
  • references to "an embodiment” throughout this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic related to the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the various embodiments throughout the specification are not necessarily referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. It should be understood that, in various embodiments of the present application, the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes do not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of the processes should be determined by their functions and internal logic, and should not be used in the embodiments of the present application. The implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • system and “network” are often used herein interchangeably.
  • the term “and/or” in this article is just an association relationship describing associated objects, which means that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and there exists alone B these three situations.
  • the term "at least one of” or “at least one of” means all or any combination of the listed items, for example, “at least one of A, B and C", It can be expressed: A exists alone, B exists alone, C exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, B and C exist simultaneously, and A, B, and C exist simultaneously.
  • B corresponding to A means that B is associated with A, and B can be determined according to A.
  • determining B according to A does not mean determining B only according to A, and B may also be determined according to A and/or other information.
  • the disclosed systems, devices and methods may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods.
  • multiple units or components can be combined or May be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored, or not implemented.
  • the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or may be distributed to multiple network units. Part or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of this embodiment.
  • each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, each unit may exist separately physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.
  • the functions described above are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the technical solution of the present application is essentially or the part that contributes to the prior art or the part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product, and the computer software product is stored in a storage medium, including Several instructions are used to make a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in the various embodiments of the present application.
  • the aforementioned storage media include: U disk, mobile hard disk, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM), random access memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), magnetic disk or optical disc and other media that can store program codes. .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Data Exchanges In Wide-Area Networks (AREA)
  • Mobile Radio Communication Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供了服务质量QoS管理方法，该方法包括：第一设备发送第一信息，第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS；第一设备接收第二信息，第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的QoS控制方式和QoS参数，其中第一QoS流用于传输所述第一业务的数据流，QoS控制方式包括基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式；第一设备根据所述第二信息对所述第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。通过本申请，第一设备可以以数据包组为粒度对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制，提高了QoS管理的灵活性，满足了不同业务的需求，提高了用户体验，降低了网络资源的浪费。

Description

一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置
本申请要求于2021年11月19日提交中国专利局、申请号为202111373321.2、申请名称为“一种QoS流管理的方法”的中国专利申请以及于2022年1月29日提交中国专利局，申请号为202210112669.4、申请名称为“一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信领域，并且更具体地，涉及一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置。
背景技术
随着通信技术的不断发展，一些具备高速率、低时延传输需求的业务越来越普及。例如扩展现实(extended reality，XR)技术不断的发展和完善。XR技术包括：虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)和混合现实(mixed reality，MR)。上述业务具有高速率、低时延传输的需求，现有的服务质量QoS机制无法适配上述业务的需求，例如可能造成XR业务产生卡顿、花屏等问题。
发明内容
本申请提供一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置，可以以数据包组为粒度对业务的数据流执行QoS控制以及对多个QoS流执行联合QoS控制，提高了QoS控制的灵活性，对于不同的业务有着更好的适配性。
第一方面，提供了一种QoS管理方法，该方法包括：第一设备发送第一信息，该第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS；该第一设备接收第二信息，该第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的QoS控制方式和QoS参数，其中该第一QoS流用于传输该第一业务的数据流，该QoS控制方式包括基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式；该第一设备根据该第二信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
本申请实施的QoS管理方法，第一设备可以请求基于数据包组控制的QoS控制方式，丰富了QoS管理的灵活性，可以满足了不同业务的需求，提高了用户体验，降低了网络资源的浪费。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该QoS控制方式还包括基于数据包控制的第二控制方式。
基于上述技术方案，第一设备可以请求不同的QoS控制方式，从而适配不同的业务。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第二信息包括第一QoS参数，该第一QoS参数包括N个基于数据包组的QoS参数，N≥1且N为正整数。
基于上述技术方案，本申请实施例定义了基于数据包组的QoS参数，当第一设备接收到基于数据包组的QoS参数时，则以数据包组为粒度对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控 制。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第二信息包括第一指示信息和第二QoS参数，该第一指示信息用于指示该第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，该第二QoS参数用于指示该第一QoS流的QoS参数。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，当该第一指示信息指示该第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第一控制方式时，该第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包组的QoS参数；或当该第二指示信息指示该第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第二控制方式时，该第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
基于上述方案，本申请实施例复用了基于数据包的QoS参数，并通过指示信息指示QoS控制方式，从而第一设备根据指示信息确定QoS控制方式，并使用基于数据包的QoS参数保障QoS流的QoS需求。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，其特征在于，该第一指示信息具体用于指示该第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该第一设备接收该第一业务的业务信息，该业务信息用于确定该第一QoS流对应的QoS参数。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该业务信息包括该第一业务的编码参数和/或该第一业务中每一个数据包组的加权因子。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该终端设备根据该第二信息和该业务信息确定该第一QoS流的QoS参数。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第二信息包括第二指示信息、第三QoS参数和第四QoS参数，该第二指示信息用于指示该第一QoS流的优先QoS控制方式，该第三QoS参数包括M个基于数据包组的QoS参数，M≥1且M为正整数，该第四QoS参数包括L个基于数据包的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该第一QoS参数包括组优先级、组延迟预算、组错误率、聚合组错误率、最大组丢失率和最大聚合组丢失率中的至少一种。
结合第一方面，在第一方面的某些实现方式中，该组优先级用于指示该第一QoS流中不同数据包组调度的优先级；
该组延迟预算用于指示该第一QoS流中数据包组在该第一设备与第二网元之间的时延上限，其中第二网元为用户面网元UPF；该组错误率用于指示该第一QoS流中未成功传送的数据包组的上限；该聚合组错误率用于指示该第一QoS流中未成功传送的加权数据包组的上限；该最大组丢失率用于指示该第一QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的数据包组的上限；该最大聚合组丢失率用于指示该第一QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的加权数据包组的上限。
第二方面，提供了一种QoS管理方法，该方法包括：第一网元接收第一设备发送的第一信息，该第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS；该第一网元发送第二信息，该第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的QoS控制方式和QoS参数，其中该第一QoS流用于传输该第一业务的数据流，该QoS控制方式包括基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式。
本申请实施的QoS管理方法，第一网元可以根据第一设备的请求指示第一设备以数 据包组为粒度执行QoS控制，丰富了QoS管理的灵活性，可以满足了不同业务的需求，提高了用户体验，降低了网络资源的浪费。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该QoS控制方式还包括基于数据包控制的第二控制方式。
基于上述技术方案，本申请实施例中包括多种不同的QoS控制方式，从而可以适配不同的业务。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二信息包括第一QoS参数，该第一QoS参数包括N个基于数据包组的QoS参数，N≥1且N为正整数。
基于上述技术方案，本申请实施例定义了基于数据包组的QoS参数，当第一设备接收到基于数据包组的QoS参数时，则以数据包组为粒度对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二信息包括第一指示信息和第二QoS参数，该第一指示信息用于指示该第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，该第二QoS参数用于指示该第一QoS流的QoS参数。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，当该第一指示信息指示该第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第一控制方式时，该第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包组的QoS参数；或，
当该第二指示信息指示该第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第二控制方式时，该第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一指示信息具体用于指示该第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该第一网元获取该第一业务的业务信息，该业务信息用于确定该第一QoS流对应的QoS参数。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该业务信息包括该第一业务的编码参数和/或该第一业务中每一个数据包组的加权因子。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该方法还包括：该第一网元发送该业务信息。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第二信息包括第二指示信息、第三QoS参数和第四QoS参数，该第二指示信息用于指示该第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式，该第三QoS参数包括M个基于数据包组的QoS参数，M≥1且M为正整数，该第四QoS参数包括L个基于数据包的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一网元发送该第二信息之前，该方法还包括：
该第一网元根据该第一业务确定该第一QoS流的QoS控制方式。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一网元发送该第二信息之前，该方法还包括：该第一网元根据该第一设备是否支持第一控制方式确定该第一QoS流的QoS控制方式。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该第一QoS参数包括组优先级、组延迟预算、组错误率、聚合组错误率、最大组丢失率和最大聚合组丢失率中的至少一种。
结合第二方面，在第二方面的某些实现方式中，该组优先级用于指示该第一QoS流中不同数据包组调度的优先级；
该组延迟预算用于指示该第一QoS流中数据包组在该第一设备与第二网元之间的时延上限，其中第二网元为用户面网元UPF；该组错误率用于指示该第一QoS流中未成功传送的数据包组的上限；该聚合组错误率用于指示该第一QoS流中未成功传送的加权数据包组的上限；该最大组丢失率用于指示该第一QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的数据包组的上限；该最大聚合组丢失率用于指示该第一QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的加权数据包组的上限。
第三方面，提供了一种QoS管理方法，该方法包括：第一设备发送第三信息，该第三信息用于为第二业务请求QoS；该第一设备接收第四信息，该第四信息包括用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数，其中该第二QoS流和第三QoS流用于传输该第二业务的数据流；该第一设备根据该第四信息对该第二业务的数据流执行联合QoS控制。
本申请实施的QoS管理方法，当第二业务的数据流承载于多个QoS流时，第一设备可以对该多个QoS流执行联合控制，提高了QoS管理的灵活性，满足了不同业务的需求，提高了用户体验。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第四信息包括第五QoS参数，该第五QoS参数包括K个联合QoS参数，K≥1且K为正整数。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第四信息包括第三指示信息和第六QoS参数，该第三指示信息用于指示联合控制该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流，该第六QoS参数为用于联合QoS控制的参数，该第六QoS包括L个基于数据包组的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数；或该第六QoS参数包括J个基于数据包的QoS参数，J≥1且J为正整数。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该第五QoS参数包括：联合错误率、聚合联合错误率、联合最大丢失率、聚合联合最大丢失率、联合最大比特速率中的至少一种。
结合第三方面，在第三方面的某些实现方式中，该联合错误率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流中未成功传送的数据包组或数据包的上限；
该聚合联合错误率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流中未成功传送的加权数据包组或数据包的上限；该联合最大丢失率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的数据包组或数据包的上限；该聚合联合组最大丢失率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的加权数据包组或加权数据包的上限；该联合最大比特速率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流的最大聚合比特速率的上限。
第四方面，提供了一种QoS管理方法，该方法包括：第一网元接收第一设备发送的第三信息，该第三信息用于为第二业务请求QoS；该第一网元发送第四信息，该第四信息包括用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数，其中该第二QoS流和第三QoS流用于传输该第二业务的数据流。
本申请实施的QoS管理方法，当业务的数据流承载于多个QoS流时，第一网元可以指示第一设备对该多个QoS流执行联合控制，提高了QoS管理的灵活性，满足了不同业 务的需求，提高了用户体验。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第四信息包括第五QoS参数，该第五QoS参数包括K个联合QoS参数，K≥1且K为正整数。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第四信息包括第三指示信息和第六QoS参数，该第三指示信息用于指示联合控制该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流，该第六QoS参数为用于联合QoS控制的参数，该第六QoS包括L个基于数据包组的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数；或该第六QoS参数包括J个基于数据包的QoS参数，J≥1且J为正整数。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该第五QoS参数包括：联合错误率、聚合联合错误率、联合最大丢失率、聚合联合最大丢失率、联合最大比特速率中的至少一种。
结合第四方面，在第四方面的某些实现方式中，该联合错误率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流中未成功传送的数据包组或数据包的上限；该聚合联合错误率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流中未成功传送的加权数据包组或数据包的上限；该联合最大丢失率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的数据包组或数据包的上限；该聚合联合最大组丢失率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的加权数据包组或加权数据包的上限；该联合最大比特速率用于指示该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流的最大聚合比特速率的上限。
第五方面，提供一种通信的装置，该装置用于执行上述第一方面至第四方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。具体地，该装置可以包括用于执行第一方面至第四方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法的单元和/或模块，如处理单元和/或通信单元。在一种实现方式中，该装置为通信设备(如终端设备，又如网络设备)。当该装置为通信设备时，通信单元可以是收发器，或，输入/输出接口；处理单元可以是至少一个处理器。可选地，收发器可以为收发电路。可选地，输入/输出接口可以为输入/输出电路。在另一种实现方式中，该装置为用于通信设备(如终端设备，又如网络设备)的芯片、芯片系统或电路。当该装置为用于通信设备的芯片、芯片系统或电路时，通信单元可以是该芯片、芯片系统或电路上的输入/输出接口、接口电路、输出电路、输入电路、管脚或相关电路等；处理单元可以是至少一个处理器、处理电路或逻辑电路等。
第六方面，提供一种通信的装置，该装置包括：至少一个处理器，用于执行存储器存储的计算机程序或指令，以执行上述第一方面至第四方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
可选地，该装置还包括存储器，用于存储的计算机程序或指令。可选地，该装置还包括通信接口，处理器通过通信接口读取存储器存储的计算机程序或指令。
在一种实现方式中，该装置为通信设备(如终端设备，又如网络设备)。
在另一种实现方式中，该装置为用于通信设备(如终端设备，又如网络设备)的芯片、芯片系统或电路。
第七方面，本申请提供一种处理器，用于执行上述第一方面至第四方面提供的方法。对于处理器所涉及的发送和获取/接收等操作，如果没有特殊说明，或者，如果未与其在相关描述中的实际作用或者内在逻辑相抵触，则可以理解为处理器输出和接收、输入等操作，也可以理解为由射频电路和天线所进行的发送和接收操作，本申请对此不做限定。
第八方面，提供一种计算机可读存储介质，该计算机可读介质存储用于设备执行的程 序代码，该程序代码包括用于执行上述第一方面至第四方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第九方面，提供一种包含指令的计算机程序产品，当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面至第四方面任一种可能实现方式中的方法。
第十方面，提供一种通信系统，包括前述的终端设备和网络设备。
其中，第五方面至第十方面的有益效果，请参见第一方面至第四方面的有益效果，不重复赘述。
附图说明
图1是5G移动通信系统架构示意图。
图2是数据包与数据包组的示意图。
图3PDU会话中QoS流的示意图。
图4是本申请提供的一种QoS管理方法的示意性流程图。
图5是本申请提供的一种QoS管理方法的示意性流程图。
图6是本申请提供的一种QoS管理方法的示意性流程图。
图7是本申请提供的一种QoS管理方法的示意性流程图。
图8是本申请提供的一种QoS管理方法的示意性流程图。
图9本申请提供的一种装置的示意性框图。
图10本申请提供的一种装置的示意性框图。
具体实施方式
下面将结合附图，对本申请中的技术方案进行描述。
本申请实施例的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统，例如：全球移动通讯(Global System of Mobile communication，GSM)系统、码分多址(Code Division Multiple Access，CDMA)系统、宽带码分多址(Wideband Code Division Multiple Access，WCDMA)系统、通用分组无线业务(General Packet Radio Service，GPRS)、长期演进(Long Term Evolution，LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(Frequency Division Duplex，FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(Time Division Duplex，TDD)、通用移动通信系统(Universal Mobile Telecommunication System，UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access，WiMAX)通信系统、第五代(5th Generation，5G)系统或新无线(New Radio，NR)，以及未来演进的通信系统等。
图1示出了本申请实施例适用的一种通信系统的网络架构示意图，该网络架构中包括终端设备、接入网设备、接入管理网元、会话管理网元、用户面网元、策略控制网元、网络切片选择网元、网络仓库功能网元、网络数据分析网元、统一数据管理网元、统一数据存储网元、认证服务功能网元、网络能力开放网元、应用功能网元，以及连接运营商网络的数据网络(data network，DN)。终端设备可通过接入网设备、用户面网元向数据网络发送业务数据，以及从数据网络接收业务数据。
其中，终端设备是一种具有无线收发功能的设备，可以部署在陆地上，包括室内或室外、手持、穿戴或车载；也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)；还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等。所述终端设备可以经无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)与 核心网进行通信，与RAN交换语音和/或数据。所述终端设备可以是手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑(Pad)、带无线收发功能的电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device，MID)、可穿戴设备、虚拟现实(virtual reality，VR)终端设备、增强现实(augmented reality，AR)终端设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、无人驾驶(self driving)中的无线终端、远程医疗(remote medical)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端、智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、无人机、无人机控制器等等。本申请的实施例对应用场景不做限定。终端设备有时也可以称为用户设备(user equipment，UE)、移动台和远方站等，本申请的实施例对终端设备所采用的具体技术、设备形态以及名称不做限定。
接入网设备，是网络中用于将终端设备接入到无线网络的设备。所述接入网设备可以为无线接入网中的节点，又可以称为基站，还可以称为无线接入网(radio access network，RAN)节点(或设备)。网络设备可以包括长期演进(long term evolution，LTE)系统或演进的LTE系统(LTE-Advanced，LTE-A)中的演进型基站(NodeB或eNB或e-NodeB，evolutional Node B)，如传统的宏基站eNB和异构网络场景下的微基站eNB，或者也可以包括第五代移动通信技术(5th generation，5G)新无线(new radio，NR)系统中的下一代节点B(next generation node B，gNB)，或者还可以包括无线网络控制器(radio network controller，RNC)、节点B(Node B，NB)、基站控制器(base station controller，BSC)、基站收发台(base transceiver station，BTS)、传输接收点(transmission reception point，TRP)、家庭基站(例如，home evolved NodeB，或home Node B，HNB)、基带单元(base band unit，BBU)、基带池BBU pool，或WiFi接入点(access point，AP)等，再或者还可以包括云接入网(cloud radio access network，CloudRAN)系统中的集中式单元(centralized unit，CU)和分布式单元(distributed unit，DU)，本申请实施例并不限定。在接入网设备包括CU和DU的分离部署场景中，CU支持无线资源控制(radio resource control，RRC)、分组数据汇聚协议(packet data convergence protocol，PDCP)、业务数据适配协议(service data adaptation protocol，SDAP)等协议；DU主要支持无线链路控制层(radio link control，RLC)、媒体接入控制层(media access control，MAC)和物理层协议。
接入管理网元，主要用于移动网络中的终端的附着、移动性管理、跟踪区更新流程，接入管理网元终结了非接入层(non access stratum，NAS)消息、完成注册管理、连接管理以及可达性管理、分配跟踪区域列表(track area list，TA list)以及移动性管理等，并且透明路由会话管理(session management，SM)消息到会话管理网元。在第五代(5th generation，5G)通信系统中，接入管理网元可以是接入与移动性管理功能(access and mobility management function，AMF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，移动性管理网元可以仍是AMF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
会话管理网元，主要用于移动网络中的会话管理，如会话建立、修改、释放。具体功能如为终端分配互联网协议(internet protocol，IP)地址、选择提供报文转发功能的用户面网元等。在5G通信系统中，会话管理网元可以是会话管理功能(session management function，SMF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，会话管理网元可以仍是SMF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
用户面网元，主要用于对用户报文进行处理，如转发、计费、合法监听等。用户面网元也可以称为协议数据单元(protocol data unit，PDU)会话锚点(PDU session anchor，PSA)。在5G通信系统中，用户面网元可以是用户面功能(user plane function，UPF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，用户面网元可以仍是UPF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
策略控制网元，包含用户签约数据管理功能、策略控制功能、计费策略控制功能、服务质量(quality of service，QoS)控制等。在5G通信系统中，策略控制网元可以是策略控制功能(policy control function，PCF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，策略控制网元可以仍是PCF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
网络切片选择功能网元，主要用于为终端设备的业务选择合适的网络切片。在5G通信系统中，网络切片选择网元可以是网络切片选择功能(network slice selection function，NSSF)网元，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，网络切片选择网元可以仍是NSSF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
网络仓库功能网元，主要用于提供网元或网元所提供服务的注册和发现功能。在5G通信系统中，网络仓库功能网元可以是网络仓库功能(network repository function，NRF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，网络仓库功能网元可以仍是NRF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
网络数据分析网元，可以从各个网络功能(network function，NF)，例如策略控制网元、会话管理网元、用户面网元、接入管理网元、应用功能网元(通过网络能力开放功能网元)收集数据，并进行分析和预测。在5G通信系统中，网络数据分析网元可以是网络数据分析功能(network data analytics function，NWDAF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，网络数据分析网元可以仍是NWDAF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
统一数据管理网元，主要用于管理终端设备的签约信息。在5G通信系统中，统一数据管理网元可以是统一数据管理(unified data management，UDM)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，统一数据管理网元可以仍是UDM网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
统一数据存储网元，主要用于存储结构化的数据信息，其中包括签约信息、策略信息，以及有标准格式定义的网络数据或业务数据。在5G通信系统中，统一数据存储网元可以是统一数据存储(unified data repository，UDR)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，统一数据存储网元可以仍是UDR网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
认证服务功能网元，主要用于对终端设备进行安全认证。在5G通信系统中，认证服务功能网元可以是认证服务器功能(authentication server function，AUSF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，认证服务功能网元可以仍是AUSF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
网络能力开放网元，可以将网络的部分功能有控制地暴露给应用。在5G通信系统中，网络能力开放网元可以是网络能力开放功能(network exposure function，NEF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，网络能力开放网元可以仍是NEF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
应用功能网元，可以向运营商的通信网络的控制面网元提供各类应用的服务数据，或者从通信网络的控制面网元获得网络的数据信息和控制信息。在5G通信系统中，应用功能网元可以是应用功能(application function，AF)，在未来的通信系统(如6G通信系统)中，应用功能网元可以仍是AF网元，或者也可以具有其它名称，本申请并不限定。
数据网络，主要用于为终端设备提供数据传输服务。数据网络可以是私有网络，如局域网，也可以是公用数据网(public data network，PDN)网络，如因特网(Internet)，还可以是运营商共同部署的专有网络，如配置的IP多媒体网络子系统(IP multimedia core network subsystem，IMS)服务。
应理解，上述网元或者功能既可以是硬件设备中的网络元件，也可以是在专用硬件上运行的软件功能，或者是平台(例如，云平台)上实例化的虚拟化功能。可选的，上述网元或者功能可以由一个设备实现，也可以由多个设备共同实现，还可以是一个设备内的一个功能模块，本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
以下，为便于理解本申请提出的技术方案，对本申请实施例中涉及的应用中的相关技术概念进行说明。
1、XR技术是指通过计算机技术和可穿戴设备产生的一个真实与虚拟组合、可人机交互的环境。XR技术具有多视角、交互性强等优点，能够为用户提供了一种全新的体验，具有极大的应用价值和商业潜力。XR包含VR、AR和MR等技术，能够广泛应用于娱乐、游戏、医疗、广告、工业、在线教育、以及工程等诸多领域。VR技术主要是指对视觉和音频场景的渲染以尽可能地模拟现实世界中的视觉和音频对用户的感官刺激，VR技术通常要求用户佩戴XR终端(例如头戴式设备)进而向用户模拟视觉和/或听觉。VR技术还可以对用户进行动作跟踪，从而及时更新模拟的视觉和/或听觉内容。AR技术主要是指在用户感知的现实环境中提供视觉和/或听觉的附加信息或人工生成内容，其中，用户对现实环境的获取可以是直接的(例如不进行感测、处理和渲染)，也可以是间接的(例如通过传感器等方式进行传递)，并进行进一步的增强处理。MR技术是将一些虚拟元素插入到物理场景中，目的是为用户提供一种这些元素是真实场景一部分的沉浸体验。网络设备可以对XR业务产生的数据(可称为XR数据)进行处理和传输，例如云端的网络设备可以对XR的源数据进行渲染和编码(比如信源编码)，借助核心网和/或接入网的网络设备将XR数据传输到XR终端。XR终端通过对XR数据的处理为用户提供多样化的XR体验(例如沉浸体验、视觉体验、交互体验或设备体验等)。XR体验有多种不同的评价维度，例如包括以下评价维度中的一种或多种：画面清晰度、画面流畅度、画面畸变、画面立体感、画面黑边、画面拖影、音质、音效、视场角、卡顿感、花屏感、眩晕感、音视频同步、交互自由度、交互操作响应速度、交互操作精准度、交互内容加载速度等。
对于XR等媒体类的业务，在执行媒体编码时，(例如H.263,H.264，MPEG4等)，其业务数据流通常由一系列的媒体单元(media unit，MU)组成，每个媒体单元代表了应用层的一个完整的数据单元，包括一个或多个数据包(packet)如IP包，这些数据包之间具有强相关性，具有完整性的传输需求，当其中一个或多个数据包传输失败时，接收端可能无法解码整个媒体单元。在一些实施例中，媒体单元也可以被称为数据包组、帧(例如关键帧I帧、前向差别帧P帧、双向差别帧B帧等)、数据分片、应用层数据单元、数据单元等。例如，如图2所示，第一数据包组包括第一数据包、第二数据包、第三数据包、 第四数据包，构成一个媒体单元。当上述数据包中的一个或多个数据包传输失败时，接收端可能无法解码第一数据包组，从而影响XR业务的体验。
进一步地，XR业务的多个数据包组之间可能存在关联，当一个数据包组解码失败时，可能会造成其他数据包组也解码失败，例如I帧解码失败，可能会导致后续的几个P帧、B帧均解码失败。
2、服务质量(Quality of Service，QoS)是指用来解决网络延迟和阻塞等问题的一种技术。当网络发生拥塞的时候，数据有可能被丢弃，为满足用户对不同应用不同QoS的要求，就需要网络能根据用户的要求分配和调度资源，对不同的数据提供不同的QoS。在5G系统中，采用了基于流的QoS模型。映射到相同QoS流的数据会受到相同的转发处理。如图3所示，UE和UPF之间建立有PDU会话，UE和NB之间的为无线承载，NB和UPF之间为核心网隧道，PDU会话中包括多个QoS流，该多个QoS流包括第一QoS流、第二QoS流等。该多个QoS流可以用于传输不同业务的数据流，也可以用于传输同一个业务的数据流。例如，第一QoS流用于传输第一业务的数据流，第二QoS流用于传输第二业务的数据流，或第一QoS流用于传输第一业务的第一数据流，第二QoS流用于传输第一业务的第二数据流。
3、QoS参数是指QoS关联的QoS需求，包括但不限于QoS参数(QoS parameters)、QoS特性(QoScharacteristics)等。QoS参数也可以称为QoS流级别QoS参数(QoS Flowlevel QoS parameters)、QoS参考(QoS reference)、QoS流描述(QoS flow descriptions)、QoS信息(QoS Information)等。换句话说，通过QoS参数可以量化体现QoS需求。本申请实施例中，QoS参数不仅包括基于数据包的QoS参数还新定义了基于数据包组的QoS参数、联合QoS参数、混合QoS参数。
基于数据包的QoS参数可能包括下述中的一个或多个：5G QoS标识(5G QoS Identifier，5QI)、分配保持优先级(allocation and retention priority，ARP)、反射QoS属性(Reflective QoS Attribute，RQA)、通知控制(Notification control)、流比特率(Flow Bit Rates，FBR)、聚合比特率(Aggregate Bit Rates,ABR)、默认值(Default values)、最大包丢失率(Maximum Packet Loss Rate,MPLR)、资源类型(Resource Type)、优先级(Priority Level,PL)、包延迟预算(Packet Delay Budget,PDB)、包错误率(Packet Error Rate,PER)、平均窗口(Averaging Window)、最大数据突发量(Maximum Data Burst Volume,MDBV)等，其中资源类型包括保证流比特(Guaranteed Bit Rate，GBR)和非保证流比特(NonGuaranteed Bit Rate，Non-GBR)。基于数据包的QoS参数为目前使用的QoS参数，在此不再详细介绍。
基于数据包组的QoS参数、联合QoS参数、混合QoS参数的详细介绍请参见后文、目前，由于是以数据包为粒度控制QoS流承载的数据，无法满足一些需要高速率、低时延传输需求的业务。以XR业务为例，例如XR业务产生的数据包括3个数据包组，该3个数据包组分别为第一数据包组、第二数据包组、第三数据包组，每一个数据包组包括100个数据包，且第一数据包组和第二数据包组之间存在关联，第一数据包组和第三数据包组之间存在关联，即当第一数据包组无法解码时，第二数据包组、第三数据包组也无法解码。第一QoS流用于传输该XR业务，且该第一QoS流对应的QoS参数包括数据包错误率(packet error rate，PER)。假设PER为0.03，则可以理解为第一QoS流在传输该 XR业务时传输错误的数据包的上限为9个，换句话说，仅需要保证第一QoS流在传输该XR业务时传输错误的数据包低于9个就可以满足第一QoS流的QoS需求。但是，由于第一数据包组和第二数据包组之间存在关联，第一数据包组和第三数据包组之间存在关联，假设第一数据包组中的数据包发送传输错误，则接收端无法解码第一数据包组，即使在第一QoS流传输错误的数据包的个数低于9个，在接收端还是无法解码上述三个数据包组，从而造成了网络资源的浪费，影响用户体验。
综上所述，目前基于数据包为粒度控制QoS流承载的数据的方法无法满足一些具备高速率、低时延传输需求的业务。基于此，本申请提出了一种QoS管理方法，可以以数据包组为粒度控制QoS流，可以避免网络资源的浪费，提升用户体验。
图4示出了本申请提供的一种QoS管理方法400的示意性流程图。
S401，第一设备向第一网元发送第一信息，该第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS。
相应的，第一网元接收第一设备发送的第一信息。
具体地，第一设备向第一网元发送第一信息，该第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS。
一种可能的实现方式，该第一信息包括第一业务的标识(例如，应用程序标识等)、五元组(源IP地址、源端口号、目标IP地址、目标端口号、传输层协议)、三元组(目标IP地址、目标端口号、传输层协议)中的至少一个以及请求信息，该请求信息用于为第一业务请求QoS。
可选的，在另一种可能的实现方式中，该请求信息还用于请求QoS流的控制方式。QoS流的控制方式包括基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式和基于数据包控制的第二控制方式。基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式可以理解为以数据包组为粒度执行QoS控制。例如，QoS流传输有100个数据包，该100个数据包前50个数据包为第一数据包组，后50个数据包为第二数据包组，当需要丢弃数据时，若执行的是第一控制方式，则会以数据包组为粒度丢弃第一数据包组和/或第二数据包组，若执行的是第二控制方式，则会以数据包为粒度丢弃该100个数据包中的一个或多个数据包。为了便于说明，下文中以第一控制方式为基于数据包组控制，第二控制方式为基于数据包控制进行介绍。
该请求信息可以直接请求QoS流的控制方式或间接请求QoS流的控制方式。
在一些实施例中，该请求信息可以间接请求QoS流的控制方式。例如，该请求信息请求的是QoS参数。可以理解的是，当该请求信息请求的是基于数据包组的QoS参数，则该请求信息请求的QoS控制方式为第一控制方式。类似地，当该请求信息请求的是基于数据包的QoS参数，则该请求信息请的QoS控制方式为第二控制方式。当该请求信息请求的是混合QoS参数，则可以根据该请求信息请求的混合QoS参数确定QoS控制方式(例如通过混合QoS参数的5QI取值等，具体请参见后文说明)。
应理解，基于数据包组的QoS参数和混合QoS参数为本申请实施例提出的2种新的QoS参数，下面将详细介绍本申请实施例提供的基于数据包组的QoS参数和混合QoS参数。
基于数据包组的QoS参数可能包括下述中的一个或多个：组5G QoS标识(Group-5G QoS Identifier，G-5QI)、组优先级(Group Priority Level，GPL)、组延迟预算(Group Delay Budget，GDB)、组错误率(Group Error Rate，GER)、聚合组错误率(Aggregation Group Error Rate，AGER)、最大组丢失率(Maximum Group Loss Rate，MGLR)、最大聚合组 丢失率(Maximum Aggregation Group Loss Rate，MAGLR)、平均窗口(Averaging Window)、最大数据突发量(Maximum Data Burst Volume)。
应理解，上述基于数据包组的QoS参数的名称仅为示例，但并不限定于此。例如，组5G QoS标识还可以称为媒体单元5G QoS标识(Media Unit5G QoS Identifier，MU-5QI)，组优先级还可以称为媒体单元优先级(Media UnitPriority Level，MUPL)，组延迟预算还可以称为媒体单元延迟预算(Media UnitDelay Budget，MUDB)、组错误率还可以称为媒体单元错误率(Media UnitError Rate，MUER)、聚合组错误率还可以称为聚合媒体单元错误率(Aggregation Media UnitError Rate，AMUER)、最大组丢失率还可以称为最大媒体单元丢失率(Maximum Media UnitLoss Rate，MMULR)、最大聚合组丢失率还可以称为最大聚合媒体单元丢失率(Aggregation Maximum Media UnitLoss Rate，MAMULR)。
组优先级用于指示数据包组的优先级，同一业务的数据流的不同数据包组可以有不同的优先级。例如，应用服务器可以定义不同数据包组的重要性，则不同重要性的数据包组可以对应不同的GPL。类似地，媒体单元优先级用于指示媒体单元的优先级，同一业务的不同媒体单元可以有不同的优先级。
组延迟预算用于指示数据包组在终端设备和锚点UPF之间延迟的上限。组延迟预算可以理解为将数据组中的所有数据包作为一个整体保障时延，即数据组中的每一个数据包的时延为GDB与数据包组的最后一个数据包的到达时间之和。例如，第一数据包组的第一个数据包在1ms到达，最后一个数据包在2ms到达，组延迟预算为10ms，则第一数据包组中的所有数据包需要在12ms前发送到接收端。类似地，媒体单元延迟预算用于指示媒体单元在终端设备和锚点UPF之间延迟的上限，即媒体单元中的每一个数据包的时延为媒体单元延迟预算与媒体单元的最后一个数据包的到达时间之和。
组错误率用于指示数据包组传输错误的上限，也可以理解为未成功传送的数据包组的上限。当数据包组中的一个或多个数据包出现传输错误使得该数据包组无法解码时，可以该数据包组判定为传输错误，计入组错误率。以组错误率为0.02为例，假设第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，则需要保障该第一QoS流中传输错误的数据包组的个数在20个以下。类似地，媒体单元错误率用于指示媒体单元传输错误的上限，也可以理解为未成功传送的媒体单元的上限。
聚合组错误率用于指示基于重要性的数据包组传输错误的上限，也可以理解为未成功传送的加权数据包组的上限。数据包组有着不同的重要性，则不同重要性的数据包组可以对应不同的加权因子，将该加权因子和传输错误的数据包组的个数一起计入计算。例如，第一数据包组对应的加权因子为0.5，则当第一数据包组传输错误时，则可以计为0.5个数据包组传输错误，再例如，第二数据包组对应的加权因子为1，则当第二数据包组传输错误时，则可以记为1个数据包组传输错误。以AGER为0.02为例，假设第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，其中有15个加权因子为1的数据包组传输错误，10个加权因子为0.4的数据包组传输错误，则可以计为19个数据包组传输错误，则该第一QoS流满足聚合组错误率。类似地，聚合媒体单元错误率用于指示基于重要性的媒体单元传输错误的上限，也可以理解为未成功传送的加权媒体单元的上限。
最大组丢失率用于指示数据包组丢失的上限，也可以理解为可容忍的丢弃的数据包组的上限。当数据包组中的一个或多个数据包出现丢失使得该数据包组无法解码时，可以该 数据包组判定为丢失，计入最大组丢失率。以最大组丢失率为0.02为例，假设第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，则需要保障该第一QoS流中丢失的数据包组的个数在20个以下。类似的，最大媒体单元丢失率用于指示媒体单元丢失的上限，也可以理解为可容忍的丢弃的媒体单元的上限。
在本申请的一些实施例中，当QoS流的类型为保证比特速率(Guaranteed Bit Rate，GBR)QoS流时，可以使用组丢失率。
最大聚合组丢失率用于指示基于重要性的数据包组传输丢失的上限，也可以理解为可容忍的丢弃的加权数据包组的上限。数据包组有着不同的重要性，则不同重要性的数据包组可以对应不同的加权因子，将该加权因子和传输丢失的数据包组的个数一起计入计算。例如，第一数据包组对应的加权因子为0.5，则当第一数据包组传输丢失时，则可以计为0.5个数据包组传输丢失，再例如，第二数据包组对应的加权因子为1，则当第二数据包组传输丢失时，则可以记为1个数据包组传输丢失。以最大聚合组丢失率为0.02为例，假设第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，其中有15个加权因子为1的数据包组传输丢失，10个加权因子为0.4的数据包组传输丢失，则可以计为19个数据包组传输丢失，则该第一QoS流满足聚合最大组丢失率。类似地，最大聚合媒体单元丢失率用于指示基于重要性的媒体单元传输丢失的上限，也可以理解为可容忍的丢弃的加权媒体单元的上限。
应理解，针对媒体单元的描述可以参见针对数据包组的描述，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
G-5QI是一个索引值，用于关联一个或多个基于数据包组的QoS参数。示例性地，表1所示为基于数据包组的QoS参数。如表1所示，当G-5QI＝100时，QoS流的类型为Non-GBR、组优先级为68、组延迟预算为20ms、聚合组错误率或组错误率为0.01。当G-5QI＝101时，QoS流的类型为GBR、组优先级为25、组延迟预算为20ms、聚合组错误率或组错误率为0.01。
在一些实施例中，在可以确定数据包组的加权因子的情况下，可以使用聚合组错误率，在不能确定数据包组的加权因子的情况下，可以使用组错误率。类似地，在可以确定数据包组的加权因子的情况下，可以使用聚合最大组丢失率，在不能确定数据包组的加权因子的情况下，可以使用最大组丢失率。
表1基于数据包组的QoS参数。
Figure PCTCN2022130993-appb-000001
替代性的，本申请还提出了一种混合QoS参数，混合QoS参数是指包括基于数据包的QoS参数和基于数据包组的QoS参数。混合QoS参数可能包括下述中的一个或多个：5G QoS标识(5G QoS Identifier，5QI)、分配保持优先级(allocation and retention priority，ARP)、反射QoS属性(Reflective QoS Attribute，RQA)、通知控制(Notification control)、流比特率(Flow Bit Rates)、聚合比特率(Aggregate Bit Rates)、默认值(Default values)、 最大丢失率(Maximum Loss Rate,MLR)、资源类型(Resource Type)、优先级(Priority Level,PL)、延迟预算(Delay Budget,DB)、错误率(Error Rate,ER)、平均窗口(Averaging Window)、最大数据突发量(Maximum Data Burst Volume)等。
一种可能的实现方式，可以通过5QI的取值判断QoS参数的类型。表2所示为一种混合QoS参数的形式。例如，5QI取值为1-100时，5QI关联的QoS参数为基于数据包的QoS参数。例如，5QI取值为1时，错误率实质上等同于包错误率。5QI取值为200-300时，5QI关联的QoS参数为基于数据包组的QoS参数。例如，5QI取值为200时，错误率实质上等同于组错误率。换句话说，可以通过5QI的取值指示QoS流的控制方式。例如，当网络设备或终端设备接收到5QI的值为1时，网络设备或终端设备可以以数据包为粒度控制QoS流，该QoS流的QoS需求为5QI＝1对应的QoS参数；当网络设备或终端设备接收到5QI的值为200时，接入网设备可以以数据包组为粒度控制QoS流，该QoS流的QoS需求为5QI＝200对应的QoS参数。
可以理解的是，当请求信息请求5QI＝200的QoS参数时，可以理解为该请求信息请求的是QoS控制方式为第一控制方式。
需要说明的的是，上述5QI取值为1-100时，5QI关联的QoS参数为基于数据包的QoS参数，5QI取值为200-300时，5QI关联的QoS参数为基于数据包组的QoS参数仅为示例，本申请实施例对此并不限定。
表2一种混合QoS参数
Figure PCTCN2022130993-appb-000002
一种可能的实现方式，混合QoS参数还可以包括控制模式(controlmode)。控制模式用于指示QoS流控制方式。表3所示为一种混合QoS参数的形式。例如，5QI取值为1时，control mode为packet，即表示QoS流的控制方式为基于数据包控制，则对应的QoS参数为基于数据包的QoS参数。再例如，5QI取值为200时，control mode为group(或mediaunit)，即表示QoS流的控制方式为基于数据包组控制，则对应的QoS参数为基于数据包组的QoS参数。换句话说，可以通过5QI指示QoS流的控制方式。例如，当网络设备或终端设备接收到5QI的值为1时，网络设备或终端设备可以以数据包为粒度控制QoS流；当网络设备或终端设备接收到5QI的值为200时，网络设备或终端设备可以以数据包组为粒度控制QoS流。
可以理解的是，当请求信息请求QoS参数对应的控制模式为group时，可以理解为该请求信息请求的是QoS控制方式为第一控制方式。
表3一种混合QoS参数
Figure PCTCN2022130993-appb-000003
一种可能的实现方式，可以通过指示信息指示混合QoS参数的类型。表4所示为一种混合QoS参数的形式。例如，以5QI＝1为例，当指示信息指示QoS流的控制方式为基于数据包控制，则5QI＝1对应的QoS参数可以理解为基于数据包的QoS参数，当指示信息指示QoS流的控制方式为基于数据包组控制，则5QI＝1对应的QoS参数可以理解为基于数据包组的QoS参数。
表4一种混合QoS参数
Figure PCTCN2022130993-appb-000004
需要说明的是，本申请实施例中，可以以混合QoS参数替代基于数据包组的QoS参数和基于数据包的QoS参数，因此混合QoS参数也可以称为QoS参数。
在另一些实施例中，该请求信息可以直接请求QoS控制方式。示例性的，该请求信息中包括第一参数，该第一参数可以为1个比特或几个比特，该第一参数用于指示请求的QoS控制方式。例如，该请求信息中包括第一参数，该第一参数为1个比特，其中0表示请求第一控制方式，1表示请求第二控制方式。
S402，第一网元发送第二信息，该第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的控制方式和QoS参数，该第一QoS流用于传输该第一业务的数据流，该QoS控制方式包括基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式。
具体地，第一网元接收第一信息后，可以根据第一信息请求确定第一QoS流的控制 方式和QoS参数，然后向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送一个或多个参数(即第二信息)，以使第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元根据第二信息对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。第二信息可以是一个参数，该参数即为第一QoS流的QoS参数；第二信息还可以是多个参数，例如2个参数，其中一个参数用于指示第一QoS流的控制方式，另一个参数为第一QoS流的QoS参数。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第二信息包括第一QoS参数，该第一QoS参数包括N个基于数据包组的QoS参数，N≥1且N为正整数。可以理解的是，第一网元可以通过该第一QoS参数指示第一QoS流的控制方式。例如，第一QoS参数为G-5QI时指示了第一QoS流的控制方式为第一控制方式。
示例性的，第一设备为第一业务请求QoS，第一网元接收第一信息后根据第一信息确定第一QoS流的控制方式为第一控制方式和对应的基于数据包组的第一QoS参数，然后向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送第一QoS参数，从而指示了第一QoS流的控制方式以及对应的QoS参数。例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送G-5QI，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该G-5QI对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制。再例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送取值为200的5QI，该5QI对应的是基于数据包组的QoS参数(例如通过协议事先约定5QI为200时，对应的QoS参数为基于数据包组的QoS参数)，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该5QI对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制。再例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送取值为200的5QI，该5QI对应的控制模式为group，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该5QI对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制。
示例性的，第一设备请求基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式，第一网元接收第一信息后根据第一信息确定第一QoS流的控制方式为第一控制方式和对应的基于数据包组的第一QoS参数，然后向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送第一QoS参数，从而指示了第一QoS流的控制方式以及对应的QoS参数。例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送G-5QI，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该G-5QI对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制。再例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送取值为200的5QI，该5QI对应的是基于数据包组的QoS参数(例如通过协议事先约定5QI为200时，对应的QoS参数为基于数据包组的QoS参数)，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该5QI对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制。再例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送取值为200的5QI，该5QI对应的控制模式为group，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该5QI对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制。
示例性的，第一设备请求基于数据包控制的第二控制方式，第一网元接收第一信息后可以根据第一业务的特点确定第一QoS流的控制方式为基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式和对应的基于数据包组的第一QoS参数，例如，第一网元确定第一业务为XR等媒体类业务时，则可以确定第一QoS流的控制方法为第一控制方式。换句话说，第一网元可以根据业务的特点最终确定第一QoS流的控制方式，然后通过第一QoS参数指示第一QoS流的控制方式。例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送G-5QI，从而第 一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该G-5QI对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制。再例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送取值为200的5QI，该5QI对应的是基于数据包组的QoS参数(例如，通过协议事先约定5QI为200时，对应的QoS参数为基于数据包组的QoS参数)，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该5QI对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制。再例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送取值为200的5QI，该5QI对应的控制模式为group，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该5QI对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第二信息包括第一指示信息和第二QoS参数，第一指示信息用于指示第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，第二QoS参数用于指示第一QoS流的QoS参数。
示例性的，第一设备请求基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式或基于数据包控制的第二控制方式，第一网元接收第一信息后根据第一信息确定第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第一控制方式和对应的QoS参数，然后向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送第一指示信息和第二QoS参数，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该第一指示信息对第一业务的数据流执行以数据包组为粒度的QoS控制，以满足第二QoS参数。例如，第二QoS参数为表4中的任意一行，当第一指示信息指示基于数据包组控制时，第二QoS参数可以理解为基于数据包组的QoS参数。再例如，第二QoS参数为表4中的任意一行，当第一指示信息指示基于数据包控制时，第二QoS参数可以理解为基于数据包的QoS参数。再例如，第二QoS参数为基于数据包的QoS参数，但第二QoS参数是适用于第一控制方式的基于数据包的QoS参数，其中第一网元可以根据第一业务的数据流中数据包和数据包组的关系和/或数据包组的加权因子确定第二QoS参数。例如当以数据包为粒度对第一QoS流执行QoS控制时QoS参数为5QI＝5，第一网元可以根据数据包和数据包组的换算关系确定5QI＝100的QoS参数适用于以数据包组为粒度对第一QoS流执行QoS控制，则该5QI＝100的QoS参数为第二QoS参数。
需要说明的是，第一网元可以根据以下几种方式确定第一业务的数据流的数据包与数据包组的关系和/或数据包组的加权因子。
方式一：第一业务的服务器可以直接指示第一业务的数据流的数据包与数据包组的关系和/或加权因子。例如，第一业务的服务器可以指示第一业务的数据流包括5个数据包，该5个数据包组包括500个数据包，该5个数据包组对应的加权因子为0.5。
方式二：第一网元可以通过第一业务的业务信息确定第一业务的数据流的数据包与数据包组的关系和/或加权因子。其中，业务信息包括第一业务的编码参数和/或第一业务中每一个数据包组的加权因子。第一业务的编码参数包括帧率、分辨率、码率等。第一网元可以根据编码参数计算得到数据包与数据包组的关系。例如，假设第一业务的每一帧的大小相同，每一帧为一个数据包组，一个数据包的大小为10kb，第一业务的每秒传输帧数(framespersecond，FPS)为10，码率为10Mbps，则可以得到第一业务每一帧的大小为1mb，则每一帧包含的数据包的个数为100个。
进一步的，编码参数还可以包括视频图像组(Group of picture，GoP)，从而可以计算出第一业务的关键帧(I帧)和辅助帧(P帧)的个数，进而可以将关键帧和辅助帧对 应不同的加权因子。例如，关键帧的加权因子为1，辅助帧的加权因子为0.3。
针对方式二，方法400还包括：第一网元获取第一业务的业务信息。第一网元可以从第一设备或其他网元获取第一业务的业务信息，本申请实施例对比不作限定。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第二信息包括第一指示信息和第二QoS参数，第一指示信息用于指示第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
示例性的，第一设备请求基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式或基于数据包控制的第二控制方式，第一网元接收第一信息后根据第一信息确定第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第一控制方式和第二QoS参数，其中，第二QoS参数为基于数据包的QoS参数。需要说明的是，第一网元确定的第二QoS参数是能够满足第一业务的数据流以数据包为粒度的QoS需求。第一设备、第二网元、接入网设备接收第一指示信息和第二QoS参数后，可以根据第一业务的数据流中数据包与数据包组的关系最终确定能够满足以数据包组为粒度执行QoS控制的QoS参数。例如，第一网元确定的第二QoS参数中5QI对应的包错误率为0.0001，第一设备、第二网元、接入网设备接收第一指示信息和第二QoS参数后，确定第一业务的数据流包括10000数据包，该10000个数据包可以组成100个数据包组，则第一设备、第二网元、接入网设备可以最终确定组错误率为0.01。换句话说，第一网元可以先确定满足以数据包为粒度执行QoS控制的QoS参数，由第一设备、第二网元、接入网设备最终确定满足以数据包组为粒度执行QoS控制的QoS参数。
针对该实施例，方法400还包括：第一网元发送第一业务的业务信息。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第一指示信息具体用于指示第一QoS流的优选控制方式，也可以称为控制方式优先级。
第一网元可以通过第一指示信息指示第一QoS流的优选控制方式，由第一设备、第二网元、接入网设备根据第一指示信息最终确定对应的QoS参数，具体描述请参加后文描述。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第二信息包括第二指示信息、第三QoS参数和第四QoS参数，其中第二指示信息用于指示第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式，第三QoS参数包括M个基于数据包组的QoS参数，M≥1且M为正整数，第四QoS参数包括L个基于数据包的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数。
第一网元可以通过第二指示信息指示第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式，由第一设备、第二网元、接入网设备根据第二指示信息最终确定采用第三QoS参数还是第四QoS参数。
应理解，第二指示信息通过指示第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式间接指示了第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，也即第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的控制方式。
S403，第一设备根据第二信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
具体的，第一设备接收第二信息后可以根据第二信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。第一设备可以基于数据包组为粒度对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。例如，当第一业务的数据流中的第一数据包组中的一个数据包发生丢失时，第一设备可以丢弃第一数据包组中的其他数据包。再例如，第一设备可以优先保障传输比例高的数据包组。再例如，第一设备可以优先保障重要性高的数据包组。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第二信息包括第一QoS参数，该第一QoS参数包括N个 基于数据包组的QoS参数，N≥1且N为正整数。
第一设备接收第一QoS参数后可以确定第一QoS流的控制方式为以数据包组控制的第一控制方式，并基于第一QoS参数对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。针对第一QoS参数指示第一QoS流的控制方式的描述可以参见前文描述，在此不再赘述。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第二信息包括第一指示信息和第二QoS参数，第一指示信息用于指示第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，第二QoS参数用于指示第一QoS流的QoS参数。
第一设备接收第一指示信息和第二QoS参数后，可以根据第一指示信息指示的控制方式对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制以满足第二QoS参数。针对第二QoS参数和第一指示信息的描述可以参见前文描述，在此不再赘述。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第二信息包括第一指示信息和第二QoS参数，第一指示信息用于指示第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
第一设备接收第一指示信息和第二QoS参数后，可以根据第一指示信息指示的QoS控制方式执行QoS控制。例如，当第一指示信息指示基于数据包控制的第二控制方式时，第一设备可以以数据包为粒度对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制以满足第二QoS参数；当第一指示信息指示基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式时，第一设备可以根据第一业务的数据流中数据包和数据包组的关系和/或数据包组的加权因子确定适用于以数据包组为粒度控制的QoS参数，然后第一设备以数据包组为粒度对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制以满足确定的QoS参数。
需要说明的是，第一设备可以根据以下几种方式确定第一业务的数据流的数据包与数据包组的关系和/或数据包组的加权因子。
方式一：第一业务的服务器可以直接指示第一业务的数据流的数据包与数据包组的关系和/或加权因子。
方式二：第一设备可以通过第一业务的业务信息确定第一业务的数据流的数据包与数据包组的关系和/或加权因子。
针对方式二，方法400还包括：第一设备获取第一业务的业务信息。第一设备可以从核心网网元获取第一业务的业务信息。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第一指示信息具体用于指示第一QoS流的优选控制方式，也可以称为控制方式优先级。
示例性的，第一设备接收第一指示信息后，当第一设备支持第一指示信息指示的优选QoS控制方式时，第一设备执行第一指示信息指示的QoS控制方式，当第一设备不支持第一指示信息指示的QoS控制方式时，执行另一种控制方式。例如，第一指示信息指示的优选QoS控制方式为第一控制方式，第二QoS参数为基于数据包的QoS参数，且第一设备支持第一控制方式，则第一设备根据第一业务的数据流的数据包与数据包组的关系和/或数据包组的加权因子确定满足第一控制方式的QoS参数；当第一设备不支持第一控制方式时，第一设备执行第二控制方式，第二QoS参数即为满足QoS需求的QoS参数。
通过上述技术方案，第一设备可以灵活的选择适合的QoS控制方式，提高了QoS管理的灵活性。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第二信息包括第二指示信息、第三QoS参数和第四QoS参数，第二指示信息用于指示第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式，第三QoS参数包括M个基于数据包组的QoS参数，M≥1且M为正整数，第四QoS参数包括L个基于数据包的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数。
第一设备接收第二指示信息后，当第一设备支持第二指示信息指示的优选QoS控制方式时，第一设备执行第二指示信息指示的QoS优选控制方式，当第一设备不支持第一指示信息指示的QoS优选控制方式时，执行另一种控制方式。例如，第二指示信息指示的优选QoS控制方式为第一控制方式，且第一设备支持第一控制方式，则第一设备执行第一控制方式，第三QoS参数即为满足QoS需求的QoS参数；当第一设备不支持第一控制方式时，则第一设备执行第二控制方式，第四QoS参数即为满足QoS需求的QoS参数。
通过上述技术方案，第一设备可以灵活的选择适合的QoS控制方式，提高了QoS管理的灵活性。
S404，接入网设备根据第二信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
S405，第二网元根据第二信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
可以理解的是，针对接入网设备和第二网元根据第二信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制的描述可以参见S403，在此不再赘述。
可选的，在第一网元发送第二信息之前，方法400还包括：第一网元根据所述第一业务确定所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，或第一网元根据所述第一设备是否支持第一控制方式确定所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式。
第一网元可以根据第一业务的特点或第一设备是否支持第一控制方式确定第一QoS留的额控制方式。例如，当第一设备不支持第一控制方式时，则第一网元不会指示第一设备执行第一控制方式。
本申请实施的QoS管理方法，第一网元接收请求QoS的信息后，可以根据第一业务的特点确定不同的QoS控制方式，可以为第一业务提供基于数据包组的QoS控制方式以及对应的QoS参数，提高了QoS管理的灵活性，满足了不同业务的需求，提高了用户体验，降低了网络资源的浪费。
应理解，在上述步骤S401-S405中，(1)第一网元可以为SMF；(2)第二网元可以为UPF；(3)第一设备可以是终端设备或应用服务器。为了便于理解本申请提供的一种QoS管理的方法，以下，作为示例而非限定，以第一网元为SMF，第二网元为UPF，第一设备为终端设备为例，参考如图5所示的具体示例方法，分别对方法400中的S401-S405进行详细说明。
需要说明的是，下面提到的某些步骤与上述方法400相同，此处对于相关细节不再赘述，具体过程可参考方法400相关步骤。方法500以下行数据为例进行说明。
S501，终端设备向SMF发送第一信息，该第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS。
在一种可能的实现方式，终端设备通过AMF向SMF发送第一信息。
应理解，终端设备向SMF发送第一信息之前，终端设备已经通过SMF建立PDU会话，并通过PDU会话与应用服务器建立连接，则第一信息可以包括在对PDU会话请求修改的会话修改请求信息中。
S502，SMF发送第二信息，该第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的控制方式和QoS参数， 该第一QoS流用于传输该第一业务的数据流，该QoS控制方式包括基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式。
具体的，SMF向终端设备、接入网设备、UPF发送第二信息。
一种可能的实现方式中，SMF通过AMF向接入网设备发送第二信息，通过AMF和接入网设备向终端设备发送第二信息。第二信息可以包括在QoS配置(QoS profile)中向接入网设备发送，第二信息可以包括在QoS规则(QoS rule)中向终端设备发送，第二信息可以包括在包检测规则(Packet detection rule)中向UPF设备发送。
S503，应用服务器向UPF发送第一业务的数据流。
可选的，在一些实施例中，应用服务器可以在S503中指示第一业务的数据流的数据包和数据包组的关系。例如，第一业务的数据流包括100个数据包，该100个数据包可以组成3个数据包组。
一种可能的实现方式，应用服务器在第一业务的数据包的包头增加指示信息。
示例性的，第一业务的每一个数据包的包头中包括指示信息，该指示信息用于指示该数据包属于哪一个数据包组(即所属数据包组的序号)、该数据包在所属数据包组中的位置(即数据包组中具体的包序号)，该数据包所属数据包组开始的标志(即数据包组中的第一个数据包)和结束的标志(即数据包组中的最后一个数据包)、该数据包所属数据包组的重要性中的至少一项。例如，第一数据包的包头的指示信息用于指示第一数据包属于第一数据包组，第一数据包位于第一数据包组的第一位置，第一数据包组起始于第一数据包，结束于第四数据包中的至少一项。
示例性的，第一业务的每一个数据包组的第一个数据包的包头中包括指示信息，该指示信息用于指示该数据包属于哪一个数据包组(即所属数据包组的序号)、该数据包所属数据包组的大小(即所述数据包组共有多少个数据包)、该数据包所属数据包组开始的标志(即数据包组中的第一个数据包)、该数据包所属数据包组的上一个数据包组结束的标志、该数据包所属数据包组的重要性中的至少一项。例如，第一数据包组包括第一数据包、第二数据包、第三数据包且第一数据包为该第一数据包组的第一个数据包，则该第一数据包的包头中包括指示信息，该指示信息指示第一数据包属于第一数据包组，第一数据包组的大小为3(第二数据包和第三数据包与第一数据包同属于第一数据包组)，第一数据包位于第一数据包组的第一位置，第一数据包组起始于第一数据包，结束于第三数据包中的至少一项。
示例性的，第一业务的每一个数据包组的第一个数据包和最后一个数据包的包头中包括指示信息，该指示信息用于指示该数据包属于哪一个数据包组(即所属数据包组的序号)、该数据包所属数据包组的大小(即所述数据包组共有多少个数据包)、第一个数据包的包头指示信息指示该数据包为所属数据包组开始的标志、最后一个数据包的包头指示信息指示该数据包为所属数据包组结束的标志。例如，第一数据包组包括第一数据包、第二数据包、第三数据包且第一数据包为该第一数据包组的第一个数据包，第三数据包为该第一数据包组的最后一个数据包，则第一数据包和第三数据包的包头中包括指示信息，该指示信息指示第一数据包及第三数据包属于第一数据包组，第一数据包组的大小为3(第二数据包与第一数据包与第三数据包同属于第一数据包组)，第一数据包的包头的指示信息指示第一数据包为第一数据包组的起始数据包，第三数据包的包头的指示信息指示第三数据包 为第一数据包组的结束数据包中的至少一项。
示例性的，第一业务的第一个数据包头包括指示信息，该指示信息用于指示该第一业务的所有数据包所属的数据包组、每一个数据包组开始的标识和结束的标识、每一个数据包在所属数据包组中的位置中的至少一项。例如，第一数据包为该第一业务的第一个数据包，该第一数据的包头包括指示信息，该指示信息指示第一数据包、第二数据包、第三数据包为属于第一数据包组、第一数据包组起始于第一数据包，结束于第三数据包，第一数据包位于第一数据包组的第一位置，第二数据包位于第一数据包组的第二位置，第三数据包位于第一数据包组的第三位置。
可选的，在一些实施例中，应用服务器还可以在S503中指示第一业务的数据流中每一个数据包组的加权因子。加权因子可以对应不同的重要性，即可以理解为对于用户影响的程度。以XR业务为例，XR业务的关键帧对于用户的影响程度大，辅助帧对应用户的影响程度小，因此XR业务的关键帧的加权因子大于辅助帧的加权因子。
针对应用服务器指示每一个数据包组的加权因子的描述类似于应用服务器指示第一业务的数据流的数据包和数据包组的关系的描述，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
一种可能的实现方式，应用服务器可以单独发送一个指示信息用于指示第一业务的数据包组与数据包的关系和/或每一个数据包组的加权因子。
S504，UPF向接入网设备发送第一业务的数据流。
具体的，UPF可以向接入网设备发送第一业务的数据，并根据第二信息对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
可选的，在一些实施例中，UPF可以在第一业务的数据包的包头中增加标记信息，例如添加在GTP-U包头中，用于指示第一业务的数据包组的数量和/或每一个数据包组的起始数据包和终止数据包和/或每一个数据包的加权因子和/或每一个数据包组包括的数据包的数量。
一种可能的实现方式，UPF可以通过应用服务器指示得到该标记信息，即通过S503步骤获取。
一种可能的实现方式，UPF可以根据第一业务的业务信息得到该标记信息。
S505，接入网设备向终端设备发送第一业务的数据流。
具体的，接入网设备接收到UPF发送的第一业务的数据流后，可以根据第二信息对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。例如，接入网设备可以基于组延迟预算调度第一业务的数据包，保证同一个数据包组的数据包的延迟符合组延迟预算。再例如，接入网设备可以基于组错误率调度第一业务的数据包，当一个数据包组中的一个数据包传输错误时，接入网设备丢弃该数据包组的其他数据包。再例如，接入网设备可以优先保障传输完成比例大的数据包组，以免造成已经传输的数据包的无效传输。
S506，终端设备根据第二信息对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
具体的，终端设备可以根据第二信息对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。例如，终端设备可以基于组错误率对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制，当一个数据包组的一个数据包传输错误或终端设备解码失败时，终端设备可以不再接收该数据包组的其他数据包，直至终端设备接收到传输失败或解码失败的数据包的重传数据包时，终端设备再接收该数据包组的其他数据包。
应理解，方法500中以传输下行数据为例，但本申请实施例并不限定于此，本申请实施例还可以用于传输上行数据。例如，终端设备向接入网设备发送第一业务的数据，并根据第二信息对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
应理解，当传输上行数据时，终端设备可以类似于应用服务器指示第一业务的数据包与数据包组的关系和/或每一个数据包组的加权因子。
还应理解，针对终端设备发送第一业务的数据，并根据第二信息对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制的描述，可以参见前文，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施的QoS管理方法，第一网元接收请求QoS的信息后，可以根据第一业务的特点确定不同的QoS控制方式，可以为第一业务提供基于数据包组的QoS控制方式以及对应的QoS参数，提高了QoS管理的灵活性，满足了不同业务的需求，提高了用户体验，降低了网络资源的浪费。
以下，作为示例而非限定，以第一网元为SMF，第二网元为UPF，第一设备为应用服务器为例，参考如图6所示的具体示例方法，分别对方法400中的S401-S405进行详细说明。
S601，应用服务器向SMF发送第一信息，该第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS。
在一种可能的实现方式，应用服务器通过PCF向SMF发送第一信息。
在一种可能的实现方式中，应用服务器通过NEF和PCF向SMF发送第一信息。
应理解，应用服务器向SMF发送第一信息之前，应用服务器已经通过PDU会话与应用服务器建立连接，则第一信息可以包括在会话修改请求信息中。
S602，SMF发送第二信息，该第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的控制方式和QoS参数，该第一QoS流用于传输该第一业务的数据流，该QoS控制方式包括基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式。
S603，应用服务器向UPF发送第一业务的数据流。
S604，UPF向接入网设备发送第一业务的数据流。
S605，接入网设备向终端设备发送第一业务的数据流。
S606，终端设备根据第二信息对第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
应理解，针对步骤S602-S606的描述，可以参见前文描述，为了简洁，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施的QoS管理方法，第一网元接收请求QoS的信息后，可以根据第一业务的特点确定不同的QoS控制方式，可以为第一业务提供基于数据包组的QoS控制方式以及对应的QoS参数，提高了QoS管理的灵活性，满足了不同业务的需求，提高了用户体验，降低了网络资源的浪费。
需要说明的是，上述方法400-600中，终端设备发送第一信息之前已经与应用服务器建立连接，或应用服务器发送第一信息之前已经与终端设备建立连接，但本申请并不限定于此，例如，终端设备与应用服务器建立连接时可以发送第一信息，从而当终端设备与应用服务器建立连接后，可以执行相应的QoS控制方式。
上述方法以第一业务的数据流由一个QoS流承载为例，但本申请并不限定于此，例如，第一业务的数据流可以由两个QoS流承载，并可以对该两个QoS流执行联合控制。下面将详细介绍对多个QoS流执行联合QoS控制的QoS管理方法。
图7所示为本申请提供的一种QoS管理方法700的示意性流程图。
S701，第一设备发送第三信息，该第三信息用于为第二业务请求QoS。
具体地，第一设备向第一网元发送第三信息，该第三信息用于为第二业务请求QoS。
一种可能的实现方式，该第一信息包括第一业务的标识(例如，应用程序标识等)、五元组(源IP地址、源端口号、目标IP地址、目标端口号、传输层协议)、三元组(目标IP地址、目标端口号、传输层协议)中的至少一个以及请求信息，该请求信息用于为第二业务请求QoS。
可选的，在另一种可能的实现方式中，该请求信息还用于请求QoS流的控制方式。例如，该请求信息可以用于请求对第二业务的数据流执行联合QoS控制。联合QoS控制可以理解为对多个具有关联关系的QoS流执行QoS控制以使该多个QoS流共同满足对应的QoS参数。假设第二QoS流和第三QoS流具有关联关系，其中第二QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包，第二QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包，如果对第二QoS流和第三QoS流执行联合QoS控制以使丢失的数据小于40个，则需要第二QoS流和第三QoS流上丢失的数据包的之和小于40。
在一些实施例中，该请求信息请求的是联合QoS参数。可以理解的是，当该请求信息请求的联合QoS参数，则该请求信息请求的QoS控制方式为联合QoS控制。下面将详细介绍本申请实施例提供的联合QoS参数。
联合QoS参数是指具有关联关系的多个QoS流的QoS需求。具有关联关系的QoS流可以理解为QoS流传输的数据流具有关联关系。例如，第一QoS流与第二QoS流具有关联关系，其中第一QoS流传输第一业务的第一数据流，第二QoS流传输第一业务的第二数据流。
联合QoS参数可能包括下述中的一个或多个：联合5G QoS标识(CorrelatedQoS flow5G QoS Identifier，CQF-5QI)、联合错误率(CorrelatedQoS flow Error Rate，CQF-ER)、聚合联合错误率(CorrelatedQoS flow AggregationError Rate，CQF-AER)、联合最大丢失率(CorrelatedQoS flow Maximum Loss Rate，CQF-MLR)、聚合联合最大丢失率(CorrelatedQoS flowMaximum AggregationLoss Rate，CQF-MALR)、联合最大比特速率(CorrelatedQoS flow Maximum Bit Rate，CQF-MBR)、联合聚合最大比特速率(CorrelatedQoS flow Aggregation Maximum Bit Rate，CQF-AMBR)，下面将对联合QoS参数进行详细介绍。
联合错误率用于指示具有关联关系的QoS流中数据包组或数据包传输错误的上限，也可以称为未成功传送的数据包组或数据包传输错误的上限。当具有关联关系的QoS流传输错误一个数据包，可以将该数据包判定为传输错误，或当具有关联关系的QoS流传输错误一个数据包组(例如，丢失该数据包组的一个数据包)，可以将该数据包组判定为传输错误。以联合错误率为0.02为例，假设第一QoS流和第二QoS流具有关联关系，其中第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包，第二QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包，则需要保证第一QoS流和第二QoS流中传输错误的数据包的错误个数在40个以下；或第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，第二QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，则需要保证第一QoS流和第二QoS流中传输错误的数据包组的错误个数在40个以下。
聚合联合错误率用于指示基于重要性的具有关联关系的QoS流中数据包组或数据包 传输错误的上限，也可以理解为未成功传送的加权数据包组或加权数据包传输错误的上限。数据包组或数据包有着不同的重要性，则不同重要性的数据包组和数据包可以对应不同的加权因子，将该加权因子和传输错误的数据包组或数据包的个数一起计入计算。例如，具有关联关系的QoS流传输的第一数据包组对应的加权因子为0.5，则当第一数据包组传输错误时，则可以计为0.5个数据包组传输错误，再例如，第二数据包组对应的加权因子为1，则当第二数据包组传输错误时，则可以记为1个数据包组传输错误。以聚合联合错误率为0.02为例，假设第一QoS流和第二QoS流具有关联关系，其中第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，第二QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，其中第一QoS流有10个加权因子为1的数据包组传输错误，5个加权因子为0.4的数据包组传输错误，第二QoS流有5个加权因子为1的数据包组传输错误，5个加权因子为0.4的数据包组传输错误，则可以计为19个数据包组传输错误，则该第一QoS流满足聚合联合错误率。类似地，当具有关联关系的QoS流传输数据包时，可以参考上述描述，在此不再赘述。
联合丢失率用于指示基于关联关系的QoS流中数据包组或数据包丢失的上限，也可以理解为可容忍的丢弃的数据包组或数据包的上限。当具有关联关系的QoS流丢失一个数据包，可以将该数据包判定丢失，或当具有关联关系的QoS流丢失一个数据包组(例如，丢失该数据包组的一个数据包)，可以将该数据包组判定丢失。以联合丢失率为0.02为例，假设第一QoS流和第二QoS流具有关联关系，其中第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包，第二QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包，则需要保证第一QoS流和第二QoS流中丢失的数据包的个数在40个以下；或第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，第二QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，则需要保证第一QoS流和第二QoS流中丢失的数据包组的错误个数在40个以下。
聚合联合丢失率用于指示基于重要性的具有关联关系的QoS流中数据包组或数据包丢失的上限，也可以理解为可容忍的丢弃的数据包组或数据包的上限。数据包组或数据包有着不同的重要性，则不同重要性的数据包组和数据包可以对应不同的加权因子，将该加权因子和丢失的数据包组或数据包的个数一起计入计算。例如，具有关联关系的QoS流传输的第一数据包组对应的加权因子为0.5，则当第一数据包组丢失时，则可以计为0.5个数据包组传输错误，再例如，第二数据包组对应的加权因子为1，则当第二数据包组丢失时，则可以记为1个数据包组传输错误。以聚合联合丢失率为0.02为例，假设第一QoS流和第二QoS流具有关联关系，其中第一QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，第二QoS流传输的数据流包括1000个数据包组，其中第一QoS流有10个加权因子为1的数据包组丢失，5个加权因子为0.4的数据包组丢失，第二QoS流有5个加权因子为1的数据包组丢失，5个加权因子为0.4的数据包组丢失，则可以计为19个数据包组丢失，则该第一QoS流满足聚合联合丢失率。类似地，当具有关联关系的QoS流传输数据包时，可以参考上述描述，在此不再赘述。
联合聚合最大比特速率用于指示具有一组关联关系的QoS流中所有类型为Non-GBR的QoS流的聚合比特速率，联合聚合最大比特速率可以通过一个平均窗口计算，即在一个平均窗口内的聚合比特速率。例如，第一QoS流和第二QoS流具有关联关系，第一QoS流和第二QoS流的类型为Non-GBR QoS流，其中第一QoS流的比特速率为50M，第二QoS流的比特速率为50M，则第一QoS流和第二QoS流的联合聚合最大比特速率为100M。
联合最大比特速率用于指示具一组有关联关系的QoS流的最大比特速率。联合最大比特速率可以通过一个平均窗口计算，即在一个平均窗口内的所有QoS流的聚合比特速率。例如，第一QoS流和第二QoS流具有关联关系，第一QoS流的类型为GBR QoS流，第二QoS流的类型为Non-GBR QoS流，其中第一QoS流的比特速率为50M，第二QoS流的比特速率为50M，则第一QoS流和第二QoS流的联合最大比特速率为100M。
CQF-5QI是一个索引值，用于关联一个或多个联合QoS参数。类似地，通过CQF-5QI可以得到其他联合QoS参数。
应理解，上述联合QoS参数的名称仅为示例，并不限定于此。
还应理解，上述联合QoS参数可以分别基于数据包和基于数据包组(或媒体单元)进一步划分不同的QoS参数。例如，联合包最大丢失率(CorrelatedQoS flow Maximum Packet Loss Rate，CQF-MPLR)和联合媒体单元最大丢失率(CorrelatedQoS flow Media UnitMaximum Loss Rate，CQF-MMULR)分别用于指示一组具有关联关系的QoS流中可以丢失的数据包和媒体单元的上限；联合包错误率(CorrelatedQoS flow Packet Error Rate，CQF-PER)和联合媒体单元错误率(CorrelatedQoS flow Media Unit Error Rate，CQF-MUER)分别用于指示一组具有关联关系的QoS流中可以传输错误的数据包和媒体单元的上限；聚合联合包错误率(CorrelatedQoS flow PacketAggregation Error Rate，CQF-APER)和聚合联合媒体单元错误率(CorrelatedQoS flow Media UnitAggregation Error Rate，CQF-AMUER)分别用于指示一组具有关联关系的QoS流中可以传输错误的加权数据包和加权媒体单元的上限；聚合联合最大包丢失率(CorrelatedQoS flow MaximumAggregation Packet Loss Rate，CQF-MAPLR)和聚合联合最大媒体单元丢失率(CorrelatedQoS flowMaximumAggregation Media Unit Loss Rate，CQF-MAMULR)分别用于指示一组具有关联关系的QoS流中可以丢失的加权数据包和加权媒体单元的上限。
在另一些实施例中，该请求信息可以直接请求联合QoS控制。
替代性的，该请求信息还可以请求的是非联合QoS控制，但是第一网元可以根据第二业务的特点确定使用联合QoS控制。例如，第二业务为XR等媒体类业务，第二业务的I帧承载于第二QoS流，P帧承载于第三QoS流，则第一网元可以确定对第二QoS流和第三QoS流执行联合QoS控制。
S702，第一网元发送第四信息，该第四信息包括用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数。
具体的，第一网元确定第二QoS流和第三QoS流具有关联关系，即都属于传输第二业务的QoS流，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送第四信息，第四信息包括用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第四信息包括第五QoS参数，该第五QoS参数包括K个联合QoS参数，K≥1且K为正整数。可以理解的是，第一网元可以通过该第五QoS参数指示对第二QoS流和第三QoS流执行联合QoS控制。例如，第五QoS参数为C-5QI时指示了对第二QoS流和第三QoS流执行联合QoS控制。
例如，第一网元向第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元发送C-5QI，该C-5QI的值为50，从而第一设备、接入网设备、第二网元可以根据该C-5QI对承载第一业务的数据流的第一QoS流和第二QoS流执行联合控制。
可选的，在一些实施例中，所述第四信息包括第三指示信息和第六QoS参数，所述第三指示信息用于指示联合控制所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流，所述第六QoS参数为用于联合QoS控制的参数，所述第六QoS包括L个基于数据包组的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数；或所述第六QoS参数包括J个基于数据包的QoS参数，J≥1且J为正整数。
S703，第一设备根据第四信息对该第二业务的数据流执行联合QoS控制。
具体的，第一设备接收第四信息后可以根据第四信息对该第二业务的数据流执行QoS控制。例如，第二QoS流承载的是加权因子＝1的数据包或数据包组，第三QoS流承载的是加权因子＝0.5的数据包或数据包组，则第一设备可以优先保障第二QoS流的传输。
可选的，在一些实施例中，第四信息包括第五QoS参数，该第五QoS参数包括K个联合QoS参数，K≥1且K为正整数。
第一设备接收第五QoS参数后可以确定对第二QoS流和第三QoS流执行联合控制以满足第五QoS参数。
可选的，在一些实施例中，所述第四信息包括第三指示信息和第六QoS参数，所述第三指示信息用于指示联合控制所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流，所述第六QoS参数为用于联合QoS控制的参数，所述第六QoS包括L个基于数据包组的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数；或所述第六QoS参数包括J个基于数据包的QoS参数，J≥1且J为正整数。
第一设备接收第三指示信息和第六QoS参数后，根据第三指示信息确定对第二QoS流和第三QoS流执行联合控制以满足第六QoS参数。应理解，第六QoS参数可以为基于数据包组的QoS参数或基于数据包的QoS参数，进而可以确定在执行联合控制时的粒度。例如，第六QoS参数为基于数据包组的QoS参数，则在对第二QoS流的第三QoS流执行联合控制时是以数据包组为粒度的。
S704，接入网设备根据第四信息对该第二业务的数据流执行联合QoS控制。
S705，第二网元根据第四信息对该第二业务的数据流执行联合QoS控制。
可以理解的是，针对接入网设备和第二网元根据第四信息对该第二业务的数据流执行QoS控制的描述可以参见S703，在此不再赘述。
本申请实施的QoS管理方法，当业务的数据流承载于多个QoS流时，第一设备可以对该多个QoS流执行联合控制，提高了QoS管理的灵活性，满足了不同业务的需求，提高了用户体验。
应理解，在上述步骤S701-S705中，(1)第一网元可以为SMF；(2)第二网元可以为UPF；(3)第一设备可以是终端设备或应用服务器。为了便于理解本申请提供的一种QoS管理的方法，以下，作为示例而非限定，以第一网元为SMF，第二网元为UPF，第一设备为终端设备为例，参考如图8所示的具体示例方法，分别对方法700中的S701-S705进行详细说明。
需要说明的是，下面提到的某些步骤与上述方法700相同，此处对于相关细节不再赘述，具体过程可参考方法700相关步骤。方法800以下行数据为例进行说明。
S801，终端设备向SMF发送第三信息，该第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS。
在一种可能的实现方式，终端设备通过AMF向SMF发送第一信息。
应理解，终端设备向SMF发送第一信息之前，终端设备已经通过PDU会话与应用服务器建立连接，则第一信息可以包括在会话修改请求信息中。
S802，SMF发送第四信息，该第四信息用于指示联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流以及用于联合控制该第二QoS流和该第三QoS流的QoS参数。第二QoS流和第三QoS流用于传输第二业务的数据流。
具体的，SMF向终端设备、接入网设备、UPF发送第四信息。
一种可能的实现方式中，SMF通过AMF向接入网设备发送第四信息，通过AMF和接入网设备向终端设备发送第四信息。第四信息可以包括在QoS配置(QoS profile)中向接入网设备发送，第四信息可以包括在QoS规则(QoS rule)中向终端设备发送。第四信息可以包括在包检测规则(Packet detection rule)中向UPF设备发送。
S803，应用服务器向UPF发送第一业务的数据流。
可选的，在一些实施例中，应用服务器可以在S803中指示第二业务的数据流的数据包和数据包组的关系。例如，第二业务的数据流包括100个数据包，该100个数据包可以组成3个数据包组。
一种可能的实现方式，应用服务器在第一业务的数据包的包头增加指示信息。
可选的，在一些实施例中，应用服务器还可以在S803中指示第一业务的数据流中每一个数据包组的加权因子。加权因子可以对应不同的重要性，即可以理解为对于用户影响的程度。以XR业务为例，XR业务的关键帧对于用户的影响程度大，辅助帧对应用户的影响程度小，因此XR业务的关键帧的加权因子大于辅助帧的加权因子。
应理解，针对S803的描述可以参见S503的描述，在此不再赘述。
S804，UPF向接入网设备发送第二业务的数据流。
具体的，UPF通过第二QoS流和第三QoS流传输第二业务的数据流，并根据第四信息对第二QoS流和第三QoS流执行联合QoS控制。
可选的，在一些实施例中，UPF可以在第二业务的数据包的包头中增加标记信息，用于指示第二业务的数据包组的数量和/或每一个数据包组的起始数据包和终止数据包和/或每一个数据包的加权因子和/或每一个数据包组包括的数据包的数量，以使接入网设备和终端设备可以基于数据包组为粒度对第二QoS流和第三QoS流执行联合QoS控制。
一种可能的实现方式，UPF可以通过应用服务器指示得到该标记信息，即通过S803步骤获取。
一种可能的实现方式，UPF可以根据第二业务的业务信息得到该标记信息。
S805，接入网设备向终端设备发送第二业务的数据流。
具体的，接入网设备接收UPF发送第二业务的数据，接入网设备根据第二信息对第二业务的数据流执行QoS控制。例如，接入网设备可以基于联合错误率调度第二业务的数据包，接入网设备需要保证第二QoS流和第三QoS流传输错误的数据包(或数据包组)与总数据包(或总数据包组)的比率小于联合错误率。
S806，终端设备根据第二信息对第二业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
应理解，方法800中以传输下行数据为例，但本申请实施例并不限定于此，本申请实施例还可以用于传输上行数据。例如，终端设备可以基于联合错误率调度第二业务的数据包，终端设备需要保证第二QoS流和第三QoS流传输错误的数据包(或数据包组)与总 数据包(或总数据包组)的比率小于联合错误率。
应理解，当传输上行数据时，终端设备可以类似于应用服务器指示第二业务的数据包与数据包组的关系和/或每一个数据包组的加权因子。
本申请实施的QoS管理方法，当业务的数据流承载于多个QoS流时，可以对该多个QoS流执行联合控制，提高了QoS管理的灵活性，满足了不同业务的需求，提高了用户体验。
图9和图10为本申请的实施例提供的可能的QoS管理的装置的示意性框图。这些装置可以实现上述方法实施例中终端设备或任一网元的功能，因此也能实现上述方法实施例所具备的有益效果。在本申请实施例中，该装置可以是终端设备，也可以是第一网元，也可以是第二网元、接入网设备，还可以是应用于终端设备、第一网元、第二网元(如芯片)。
图9是本申请实施例提供的一种QoS管理的装置的示意性框图，该装置900包括收发单元901，可选的，还可以包括处理单元902。
当装置900用于实现图4所述方法实施例中第一设备的功能时，该收发单元901用于发送第一信息，该第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS；该收发单元901还用于接收第二信息，该第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的控制方式和QoS参数，其中第一QoS流用于传输第一业务的数据流。处理单元902用于根据第二信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
当装置900用于实现图4所述方法实施例中第一网元的功能时，该收发单元901用于接收来自第一设备的第一信息，该第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS；该收发单元901还用于发送第二信息，该第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的控制方式和QoS参数，其中第一QoS流用于传输第一业务的数据流。处理单元902用于确定第一QoS流的控制方式和QoS参数。
当装置900用于实现图4所述方法实施例中第二网元的功能时，该收发单元901用于接收第二信息，该第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的控制方式和QoS参数，其中第一QoS流用于传输第一业务的数据流。处理单元902用于根据第二信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
当装置900用于实现图4所述方法实施例中接入网设备的功能时，该收发单元901用于接收第二信息，该第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的控制方式和QoS参数，其中第一QoS流用于传输第一业务的数据流。处理单元902用于根据第二信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
当装置900用于实现图7所述方法实施例中第一设备的功能时，该收发单元901用于发送第三信息，该第三信息用于为第二业务请求QoS；该收发单元901还用于接收第四信息，该第四信息用于指示联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流以及用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数，其中第二QoS流和第三QoS流用于传输所述第二业务的数据流。处理单元902用于根据第四信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
当装置900用于实现图7所述方法实施例中第一网元的功能时，该收发单元901用于接收来自第一设备的第三信息，该第三信息用于为第二业务请求QoS；该收发单元901还用于发送第四信息，该第四信息用于指示联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流以及用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数，其中第二QoS流和第三QoS流用于传输 所述第二业务的数据流。处理单元902用于确定用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数。
当装置900用于实现图7所述方法实施例中第二网元的功能时，该收发单元901用于接收第四信息，该第四信息用于指示联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流以及用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数，其中第二QoS流和第三QoS流用于传输所述第二业务的数据流。处理单元902用于根据第四信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
当装置900用于实现图7所述方法实施例中接入网设备的功能时，该收发单元901用于接收第二信息，该第四信息用于指示联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流以及用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数，其中第二QoS流和第三QoS流用于传输所述第二业务的数据流。处理单元902用于根据第四信息对该第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
关于上述收发单元901和处理单元902更详细的描述，可参考上述方法实施例400至方法800中的相关描述，在此不再说明。
图10示出了应用本申请实施例的装置1000的示意性框图。上述方法400至方法800中任一方法所涉及的任一网元，都可以由图10所示的装置来实现。
应理解，装置1000可以是实体设备，也可以是实体设备的部件(例如，集成电路，芯片等等)，还可以是实体设备中的功能模块。
如图10所示，该装置1000包括：一个或多个处理器1001。处理器1001可以存储用于执行本申请实施例的方法的执行指令。可选地，处理器1001中可以调用接口实现接收和发送功能。所述接口可以是逻辑接口或物理接口，对此不作限定。例如，接口可以是收发电路，或是接口电路。用于实现接收和发送功能的收发电路、或接口电路可以是分开的，也可以集成在一起。上述收发电路或接口电路可以用于代码/数据的读写，或者，上述收发电路或接口电路可以用于信号的传输或传递。
可选地，接口可以通过收发器实现。可选地，该装置1000还可以包括收发器1003。所述收发器1003可以称为收发单元、收发机、收发电路或者收发器等，用于实现收发功能。
可选地，该装置1000还可以包括存储器1002。本申请实施例对存储器1002的具体部署位置不作具体限定，该存储器可以集成于处理器中，也可以是独立于处理器之外。对于该装置1000不包括存储器的情形，该装置1000具备处理功能即可，存储器可以部署在其他位置(如，云系统)。
处理器1001、存储器1002和收发器1003之间通过内部连接通路互相通信，传递控制和/或数据信号。
可以理解的是，尽管并未示出，装置1000还可以包括其他装置，例如输入装置、输出装置、电池等。
可选的，在一些实施例中，存储器1002可以存储用于执行本申请实施例的方法的执行指令。处理器1001可以执行存储器1002中存储的指令结合其他硬件(例如收发器703)完成下文所示方法执行的步骤，具体工作过程和有益效果可以参见下文方法实施例中的描述。
本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器1001中，或者由处理器1001实现。处理器1001可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，方法的各步骤可以通过处理器中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(digital signal processor，DSP)、专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuit，ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(field programmable gate array，FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存取存储器(random access memory，RAM)、闪存、只读存储器(read-only memory，ROM)、可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器，处理器读取存储器中的指令，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可以理解，存储器1002可以是易失性存储器或非易失性存储器，或可包括易失性和非易失性存储器两者。其中，非易失性存储器可以是只读存储器ROM、可编程只读存储器(programmable ROM，PROM)、可擦除可编程只读存储器(erasable PROM，EPROM)、电可擦除可编程只读存储器(electrically EPROM，EEPROM)或闪存。易失性存储器可以是随机存取存储器RAM，其用作外部高速缓存。通过示例性但不是限制性说明，许多形式的RAM可用，例如静态随机存取存储器(static RAM，SRAM)、动态随机存取存储器(dynamic RAM，DRAM)、同步动态随机存取存储器(synchronous DRAM，SDRAM)、双倍数据速率同步动态随机存取存储器(double data rate SDRAM，DDR SDRAM)、增强型同步动态随机存取存储器(enhanced SDRAM，ESDRAM)、同步连接动态随机存取存储器(synchlink DRAM，SLDRAM)和直接内存总线随机存取存储器(direct rambus RAM，DR RAM)。应注意，本文描述的系统和方法的存储器旨在包括但不限于这些和任意其它适合类型的存储器。
另外，在本申请中，装置900是以功能模块的形式来呈现。这里的“模块”可以指特定应用集成电路ASIC、电路、执行一个或多个软件或固件程序的处理器和存储器、集成逻辑电路，和/或其他可以提供上述功能的器件。在一个简单的实施例中，本领域的技术人员可以想到装置900可以采用图9所示的形式。处理单元901可以通过图10所示的处理器1001来实现。可选地，如果图10所示的计算机设备包括存储器1002，处理单元902可以通过处理器1001和存储器1002来实现。收发单元901可以通过图10所示的收发器1003来实现。所述收发器1003包括接收功能和发送功能。具体的，处理器通过执行存储器中存储的计算机程序来实现。可选地，当所述装置900是芯片时，那么收发单元1001的功能和/或实现过程还可以通过管脚或电路等来实现。可选地，所述存储器可以为所述芯片内的存储单元，比如寄存器、缓存等，所述存储单元还可以是所述计算机设备内的位于所述芯片外部的存储单元，如图10所的存储器1002，或者，也可以是部署在其他系统或设备中的存储单元，不在所述计算机设备内。本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的 特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请的各个方面或特征可以实现成方法、装置或使用标准编程和/或工程技术的制品。本申请中使用的术语“制品”涵盖可从任何计算机可读器件、载体或介质访问的计算机程序。例如，计算机可读介质可以包括，但不限于:磁存储器件(例如，硬盘、软盘或磁带等)，光盘(例如，压缩盘(compact disc，CD)、数字通用盘(digital versatile disc，DVD)等)，智能卡和闪存器件(例如，可擦写可编程只读存储器(erasable programmable read-only memory，EPROM)、卡、棒或钥匙驱动器等)。另外，本文描述的各种存储介质可代表用于存储信息的一个或多个设备和/或其它机器可读介质。术语“机器可读介质”可包括但不限于，无线信道和能够存储、包含和/或承载指令和/或数据的各种其它介质。
本申请还提供了一种计算机可读介质，其上存储有计算机程序，该计算机程序被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。
本申请还提供了一种计算机程序产品，该计算机程序产品被计算机执行时实现上述任一方法实施例的功能。在上述实施例中，可以全部或部分地通过软件、硬件、固件或者其任意组合来实现。当使用软件实现时，可以全部或部分地以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一个计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(digital subscriber line，DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存取的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，高密度数字视频光盘(digital video disc，DVD))、或者半导体介质(例如，固态硬盘(solid state disk，SSD))等。
应理解，说明书通篇中提到的“实施例”意味着与实施例有关的特定特征、结构或特性包括在本申请的至少一个实施例中。因此，在整个说明书各个实施例未必一定指相同的实施例。此外，这些特定的特征、结构或特性可以任意适合的方式结合在一个或多个实施例中。应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
还应理解，在本申请中，“当…时”、“若”以及“如果”均指在某种客观情况下UE或者基站会做出相应的处理，并非是限定时间，且也不要求UE或基站实现时一定要有判断的动作，也不意味着存在其它限定。
另外，本文中术语“系统”和“网络”在本文中常被可互换使用。本文中术语“和/或”，仅仅是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。
本文中术语“……中的至少一个”或“……中的至少一种”，表示所列出的各项的全 部或任意组合，例如，“A、B和C中的至少一种”，可以表示：单独存在A，单独存在B，单独存在C，同时存在A和B，同时存在B和C，同时存在A、B和C这六种情况。
本申请中，若无特殊说明，“至少一个”指一个或多个，“多个”指两个或大于两个。
应理解，在本申请各实施例中，“与A相应的B”表示B与A相关联，根据A可以确定B。但还应理解，根据A确定B并不意味着仅仅根据A确定B，还可以根据A和/或其它信息确定B。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、装置和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的装置实施例仅仅是示意性的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，装置或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。
所述功能如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时，可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解，本申请的技术方案本质上或者说对现有技术做出贡献的部分或者该技术方案的部分可以以软件产品的形式体现出来，该计算机软件产品存储在一个存储介质中，包括若干指令用以使得一台计算机设备(可以是个人计算机，服务器，或者网络设备等)执行本申请各个实施例所述方法的全部或部分步骤。而前述的存储介质包括：U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器(Read-Only Memory，ROM)、随机存取存储器(Random Access Memory，RAM)、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本申请揭露的技术范围内，可轻易想到变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (43)

  1. 一种QoS管理方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一设备发送第一信息，所述第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS；
    所述第一设备接收第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的QoS控制方式和QoS参数，其中所述第一QoS流用于传输所述第一业务的数据流，所述QoS控制方式包括基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式；
    所述第一设备根据所述第二信息对所述第一业务的数据流执行QoS控制。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述QoS控制方式还包括基于数据包控制的第二控制方式。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括第一QoS参数，所述第一QoS参数包括N个基于数据包组的QoS参数，N≥1且N为正整数。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括第一指示信息和第二QoS参数，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，所述第二QoS参数用于指示所述第一QoS流的QoS参数。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一指示信息指示所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第一控制方式时，所述第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包组的QoS参数；或，
    当所述第二指示信息指示所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第二控制方式时，所述第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
  6. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
  7. 根据权利要求4至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式。
  8. 根据权利要求1至7中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述第一设备接收所述第一业务的业务信息，所述业务信息用于确定所述第一QoS流对应的QoS参数。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述业务信息包括所述第一业务的编码参数和/或所述第一业务中每一个数据包组的加权因子。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一设备根据所述第二信息和所述业务信息确定所述第一QoS流的QoS参数。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括第二指示信息、第三QoS参数和第四QoS参数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式，所述第三QoS参数包括M个基于数据包组的QoS参数，M≥1且M为正整数，所述第四QoS参数包括L个基于数据包的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数。
  12. 根据权利要求3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS参数包括组优先级、组延迟预算、组错误率、聚合组错误率、最大组丢失率和最大聚合组丢失率中的至少一种。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的方法，其特征在于，所述组优先级用于指示所述第一QoS 流中不同数据包组调度的优先级；
    所述组延迟预算用于指示所述第一QoS流中数据包组在所述第一设备与第二网元之间的时延上限，其中第二网元为用户面网元UPF；
    所述组错误率用于指示所述第一QoS流中未成功传送的数据包组的上限；
    所述聚合组错误率用于指示所述第一QoS流中未成功传送的加权数据包组的上限；
    所述最大组丢失率用于指示所述第一QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的数据包组的上限；
    所述最大聚合组丢失率用于指示所述第一QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的加权数据包组的上限。
  14. 一种QoS管理方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一网元接收第一设备发送的第一信息，所述第一信息用于为第一业务请求QoS；
    所述第一网元发送第二信息，所述第二信息用于指示第一QoS流的QoS控制方式和QoS参数，其中所述第一QoS流用于传输所述第一业务的数据流，所述QoS控制方式包括基于数据包组控制的第一控制方式。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述QoS控制方式还包括基于数据包控制的第二控制方式。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括第一QoS参数，所述第一QoS参数包括N个基于数据包组的QoS参数，N≥1且N为正整数。
  17. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括第一指示信息和第二QoS参数，所述第一指示信息用于指示所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式，所述第二QoS参数用于指示所述第一QoS流的QoS参数。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，当所述第一指示信息指示所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第一控制方式时，所述第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包组的QoS参数；或，
    当所述第二指示信息指示所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式为第二控制方式时，所述第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
  19. 根据权利要求17所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二QoS参数包括至少一个基于数据包的QoS参数。
  20. 根据权利要求17至19中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一指示信息具体用于指示所述第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式。
  21. 根据权利要求14至20中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述第一网元获取所述第一业务的业务信息，所述业务信息用于确定所述第一QoS流对应的QoS参数。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的方法，其特征在于，所述业务信息包括所述第一业务的编码参数和/或所述第一业务中每一个数据包组的加权因子。
  23. 根据权利要求21或22所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网元发送所述业务信息。
  24. 根据权利要求14所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第二信息包括第二指示信息、第三QoS参数和第四QoS参数，所述第二指示信息用于指示所述第一QoS流的优选QoS控制方式，所述第三QoS参数包括M个基于数据包组的QoS参数，M≥1且M为正整数， 所述第四QoS参数包括L个基于数据包的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数。
  25. 根据权利要求14至24中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网元发送所述第二信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网元根据所述第一业务确定所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式。
  26. 根据权利要求14至24中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一网元发送所述第二信息之前，所述方法还包括：
    所述第一网元根据所述第一设备是否支持第一控制方式确定所述第一QoS流的QoS控制方式。
  27. 根据权利要求16所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一QoS参数包括组优先级、组延迟预算、组错误率、聚合组错误率、最大组丢失率和最大聚合组丢失率中的至少一种。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的方法，其特征在于，所述组优先级用于指示所述第一QoS流中不同数据包组调度的优先级；
    所述组延迟预算用于指示所述第一QoS流中数据包组在所述第一设备与第二网元之间的时延上限，其中第二网元为用户面网元UPF；
    所述组错误率用于指示所述第一QoS流中未成功传送的数据包组的上限；
    所述聚合组错误率用于指示所述第一QoS流中未成功传送的加权数据包组的上限；
    所述最大组丢失率用于指示所述第一QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的数据包组的上限；
    所述最大聚合组丢失率用于指示所述第一QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的加权数据包组的上限。
  29. 一种QoS管理方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一设备发送第三信息，所述第三信息用于为第二业务请求QoS；
    所述第一设备接收第四信息，所述第四信息包括用于联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数，其中所述第二QoS流和第三QoS流用于传输所述第二业务的数据流；
    所述第一设备根据所述第四信息对所述第二业务的数据流执行联合QoS控制。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第四信息包括第五QoS参数，所述第五QoS参数包括K个联合QoS参数，K≥1且K为正整数。
  31. 根据权利要求29所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第四信息包括第三指示信息和第六QoS参数，所述第三指示信息用于指示联合控制所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流，所述第六QoS参数为用于联合QoS控制的参数，所述第六QoS包括L个基于数据包组的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数；或所述第六QoS参数包括J个基于数据包的QoS参数，J≥1且J为正整数。
  32. 根据权利要求30所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第五QoS参数包括：联合错误率、聚合联合错误率、联合最大丢失率、聚合联合最大丢失率、联合最大比特速率中的至少一种。
  33. 根据权利要求32所述的方法，其特征在于，所述联合错误率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流中未成功传送的数据包组或数据包的上限；
    所述聚合联合错误率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流中未成功传送的加权数据包组或数据包的上限；
    所述联合最大丢失率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的 数据包组或数据包的上限；
    所述聚合联合最大组丢失率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的加权数据包组或加权数据包的上限；
    所述联合最大比特速率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流的最大聚合比特速率的上限。
  34. 一种QoS管理方法，其特征在于，所述方法包括：
    第一网元接收第一设备发送的第三信息，所述第三信息用于为第二业务请求QoS；
    所述第一网元发送第四信息，所述第四信息包括联合控制第二QoS流和第三QoS流的QoS参数，其中所述第二QoS流和第三QoS流用于传输所述第二业务的数据流。
  35. 根据权利要求34所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第四信息包括第五QoS参数，所述第五QoS参数包括K个联合QoS参数，K≥1且K为正整数。
  36. 根据权利要求34所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第四信息包括第三指示信息和第六QoS参数，所述第三指示信息用于指示联合控制所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流，所述第六QoS参数为用于联合QoS控制的参数，所述第六QoS包括L个基于数据包组的QoS参数，L≥1且L为正整数；或所述第六QoS参数包括J个基于数据包的QoS参数，J≥1且J为正整数。
  37. 根据权利要求35所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第五QoS参数包括：联合错误率、聚合联合错误率、联合最大丢失率、聚合联合最大丢失率、联合最大比特速率中的至少一种。
  38. 根据权利要求37所述的方法，其特征在于，所述联合错误率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流中未成功传送的数据包组或数据包的上限；
    所述聚合联合错误率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流中未成功传送的加权数据包组或数据包的上限；
    所述联合最大丢失率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的数据包组或数据包的上限；
    所述聚合联合最大组丢失率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流中可容忍的丢弃的加权数据包组或加权数据包的上限；
    所述联合最大比特速率用于指示所述第二QoS流和所述第三QoS流的最大聚合比特速率的上限。
  39. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括用于执行权利要求1至38中任一项所述的方法的模块或单元。
  40. 一种装置，其特征在于，包括处理器，所述处理器，用于执行存储器中存储的计算机程序或指令，以使得所述装置执行权利要求1至38中任一项所述的方法。
  41. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，所述计算机可读存储介质上存储有计算机程序或指令，当所述计算机程序或指令在计算机上运行时，使得所述计算机执行如权利要求1至38中任一项所述的方法。
  42. 一种计算机程序产品，其特征在于，所述计算机程序产品包括用于执行如权利要求1至38中任一项所述的方法的计算机程序或指令。
  43. 一种芯片，其特征在于，所述芯片与存储器耦合，用于读取并执行所述存储器中 存储的程序指令，以实现如权利要求1至38中任一项所述的方法。
PCT/CN2022/130993 2021-11-19 2022-11-10 一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置 WO2023088155A1 (zh)

Priority Applications (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2024529673A JP2024541093A (ja) 2021-11-19 2022-11-10 サービス品質ｑｏｓ管理方法および装置
EP22894692.7A EP4422269A1 (en) 2021-11-19 2022-11-10 Quality-of-service (qos) management method and apparatus
US18/667,627 US20240305574A1 (en) 2021-11-19 2024-05-17 Quality of service qos management method and apparatus

Applications Claiming Priority (4)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202111373321.2 2021-11-19
CN202111373321 2021-11-19
CN202210112669.4 2022-01-29
CN202210112669.4A CN116156576A (zh) 2021-11-19 2022-01-29 一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置

Related Child Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
US18/667,627 Continuation US20240305574A1 (en) 2021-11-19 2024-05-17 Quality of service qos management method and apparatus

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2023088155A1 true WO2023088155A1 (zh) 2023-05-25

Family

ID=86354968

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2022/130993 WO2023088155A1 (zh) 2021-11-19 2022-11-10 一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US20240305574A1 (zh)
EP (1) EP4422269A1 (zh)
JP (1) JP2024541093A (zh)
CN (1) CN116156576A (zh)
WO (1) WO2023088155A1 (zh)

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018201822A1 (zh) * 2017-05-04 2018-11-08 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 数据传输配置及数据传输方法和装置、计算机存储介质
WO2019158219A1 (en) * 2018-02-19 2019-08-22 Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf Gmbh Ran device and core network device for network slicing
WO2021136636A1 (en) * 2020-01-03 2021-07-08 Nokia Technologies Oy Grouping qos flow for user equipment to user equipment communications
WO2021209034A1 (zh) * 2020-04-16 2021-10-21 华为技术有限公司 一种数据传输的方法及通信装置

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2018201822A1 (zh) * 2017-05-04 2018-11-08 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 数据传输配置及数据传输方法和装置、计算机存储介质
WO2019158219A1 (en) * 2018-02-19 2019-08-22 Huawei Technologies Duesseldorf Gmbh Ran device and core network device for network slicing
WO2021136636A1 (en) * 2020-01-03 2021-07-08 Nokia Technologies Oy Grouping qos flow for user equipment to user equipment communications
WO2021209034A1 (zh) * 2020-04-16 2021-10-21 华为技术有限公司 一种数据传输的方法及通信装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP4422269A1 (en) 2024-08-28
US20240305574A1 (en) 2024-09-12
JP2024541093A (ja) 2024-11-06
CN116156576A (zh) 2023-05-23

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
WO2017201677A1 (zh) 数据传输的方法及装置
WO2021032131A1 (zh) 一种用户面信息上报方法及装置
WO2014063568A1 (zh) 缓存状态报告发送与接收方法、用户设备和基站
US20220368782A1 (en) Baseband chip and method for layer 2 downlink data processing
EP4391639A1 (en) Communication method and apparatus
WO2022188143A1 (zh) 数据传输方法及装置
WO2022036870A1 (zh) 数据传输方法及装置
WO2022022471A1 (zh) 一种媒体流切换方法及装置
WO2021213000A1 (zh) 媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统
CN115250537A (zh) 一种通信方法及设备
CN116746264A (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
WO2022188634A1 (zh) 一种通信方法及装置
WO2023088155A1 (zh) 一种服务质量QoS管理方法以及装置
WO2022151492A1 (zh) 一种调度传输方法及装置
WO2022063187A1 (zh) 一种通信方法和装置
TW202347999A (zh) 用於基於應用資料單元（ａｄｕ）的排程的層２（ｌ２）程序
WO2022126437A1 (zh) 通信方法及装置
CN116782307A (zh) 业务速率调整方法及通信装置
CN115551019A (zh) 数据流的传输方法和传输装置
EP4030689A1 (en) Data transmission method and apparatus, system, and storage medium
WO2024179407A1 (zh) 信息传输的方法和装置
US20240114384A1 (en) Information transmission method and apparatus, communication device, and storage medium
WO2021212999A1 (zh) 媒体报文的传输方法、装置及系统
US20250016628A1 (en) Communication method and apparatus
WO2022161162A1 (zh) 视频传输方法、装置和存储介质

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 22894692

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 202427037101

Country of ref document: IN

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2024529673

Country of ref document: JP

Kind code of ref document: A

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 2022894692

Country of ref document: EP

REG Reference to national code

Ref country code: BR

Ref legal event code: B01A

Ref document number: 112024009791

Country of ref document: BR

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 2022894692

Country of ref document: EP

Effective date: 20240523

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

WWE Wipo information: entry into national phase

Ref document number: 11202403329V

Country of ref document: SG

ENP Entry into the national phase

Ref document number: 112024009791

Country of ref document: BR

Kind code of ref document: A2

Effective date: 20240516