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WO2023050849A1 - 一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器 - Google Patents

一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023050849A1
WO2023050849A1 PCT/CN2022/095977 CN2022095977W WO2023050849A1 WO 2023050849 A1 WO2023050849 A1 WO 2023050849A1 CN 2022095977 W CN2022095977 W CN 2022095977W WO 2023050849 A1 WO2023050849 A1 WO 2023050849A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
rod
fixedly connected
negative pressure
fixedly installed
stomatology
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2022/095977
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
赵志宇
李轶杰
赵丽莉
刘鹏
郭兰
赵彦铭
Original Assignee
华北理工大学
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华北理工大学 filed Critical 华北理工大学
Publication of WO2023050849A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023050849A1/zh
Priority to ZA2023/05962A priority Critical patent/ZA202305962B/en

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C19/00—Dental auxiliary appliances
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61G—TRANSPORT, PERSONAL CONVEYANCES, OR ACCOMMODATION SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PATIENTS OR DISABLED PERSONS; OPERATING TABLES OR CHAIRS; CHAIRS FOR DENTISTRY; FUNERAL DEVICES
    • A61G15/00—Operating chairs; Dental chairs; Accessories specially adapted therefor, e.g. work stands
    • A61G15/10—Parts, details or accessories
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
    • B01D53/04—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography with stationary adsorbents
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08—CLEANING
    • B08B—CLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B15/00—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area
    • B08B15/04—Preventing escape of dirt or fumes from the area where they are produced; Collecting or removing dirt or fumes from that area from a small area, e.g. a tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
    • B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
    • B01D2253/102—Carbon

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the technical field of medical appliances, in particular to a negative pressure mouthpiece for preventing the spread of aerosol in the department of stomatology.
  • Aerosol is a colloidal dispersion system formed by dispersing solid or liquid small particles and suspending them in a gas medium, also known as a gas dispersion system. Its dispersed phase is solid or liquid small particles, its size is 0.001-100 microns, and its dispersion medium is gas. Many diseases can be transmitted through aerosols or aerosols. During clinical operations in the Department of Stomatology, high-speed turbines are used. During the process of instruments and equipment such as ultrasonic dental cleaners, a large amount of aerosols and aerosols will be generated. The existing mouth gags can only simply open the patient's mouth, and cannot collect the aerosol exhaled by the patient to prevent the spread of aerosols. , so that medical staff are in an environment that is highly susceptible to infection. If the protection is not in place, it will cause medical staff to be infected.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a negative pressure gag for stomatology to prevent the spread of aerosol, aiming at the existing gag that can only simply open the mouth of the patient and cannot collect the aerosol exhaled by the patient Preventing the spread of aerosols puts medical staff in a highly susceptible environment.
  • a negative pressure opener for stomatology to prevent the spread of aerosols including a fixed base, a support column is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed base, and one side of the support column
  • a seat is fixedly installed
  • a lifting mechanism is fixedly installed inside the support column
  • a beam is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting mechanism
  • an adjustment mechanism is fixedly installed on the surface of the beam
  • an adjustment mechanism is fixedly installed on one side of the adjustment mechanism.
  • a guide rod, the bottom of the surface of the guide rod is fixedly equipped with a supporting mechanism, and the middle part of the surface of the guide rod is provided with a collection mechanism.
  • the lifting mechanism includes a stepping motor fixedly installed inside the support column, the output end of the stepping motor is fixedly connected with a screw rod, and the surface of the screw rod is threadedly connected with a lifting block , the middle part of the surface of the support column is provided with a travel groove, both sides of the lifting block are fixedly connected with limit rods, the limit rods are interspersed and connected inside the stroke groove, and the top of the lifting block is fixedly connected with a lifting rod,
  • the elevating rod is interspersed and connected inside the support column, the top end of the elevating rod is fixedly connected with a connecting plate, and the crossbeam is fixedly connected on the surface of the connecting plate.
  • the adjustment mechanism includes an electric cylinder fixedly connected to the surface of the beam, the inner piston of the electric cylinder is connected with a telescopic rod, and the end of the telescopic rod is fixedly connected with a connecting block , one side of the beam is fixedly connected with a slide rail, the surface of the slide rail is slidably connected with a slider, the connecting block is fixedly connected with the slider, the guide rod is fixedly connected with the surface of the slider, and the guide The middle part of the surface of the rod is fixedly connected with an installation seat.
  • the opening mechanism includes a sliding bar fixedly installed at the bottom of the surface of the guide rod, the surface of the sliding bar is slidably connected with a sliding seat, and the surface of the sliding seat is fixedly installed with a fixing plate,
  • the two sides of the surface of the fixed plate are provided with limiting grooves, the inside of the limiting groove is slidingly connected with a rack, and the middle part of the surface of the fixed plate is rotatably equipped with a gear, and the gear is meshed with two racks.
  • the middle part of the gear is fixedly equipped with an adjusting wheel.
  • one end of the rack is fixedly connected with a support rod, one end of the support rod is provided with an opener, and the surface cover of the fixed plate is provided with a protective cover.
  • the collection mechanism includes a filter box fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting base, one side of the filter box is fixedly connected with an electric air pump, and one side of the electric air pump is fixedly installed with an exhaust Trachea, the inside of the filter box is fixedly installed with a coarse filter core, a HEPA high-efficiency filter element and a composite activated carbon filter element in sequence from top to bottom, and the top of the filter box is fixedly connected with a suction pipe, and one end of the suction pipe is fixed With collection hood.
  • the surface of the guide rod is provided with a through hole, the air extraction pipe is inserted and connected inside the through hole, the bottom of the seat is fixedly equipped with a connecting rod, and the top end of the connecting rod is fixed A support pad is installed, and the support pad is made of sponge material.
  • the opener is arranged at the front end of the support pad, the opener is detachably connected to the support rod, and the collection cover is arranged obliquely above the opener.
  • a plurality of movable wheels are fixedly installed on the bottom of the fixed base, and brake pads are fixedly installed on the top of the movable wheels.
  • the surface of the support column is fixedly equipped with an operation panel, the surface of the operation panel is provided with a number of adjustment buttons, and the stepper motor, electric pressure cylinder and electric air pump are all connected with the adjustment buttons Electrically connected, the adjustment button is electrically connected with the operation panel.
  • the negative pressure mouther provided by the present invention to prevent the spread of aerosols has the following beneficial effects:
  • the stepping motor is controlled to rotate according to the height of the patient.
  • the rotation of the stepping motor drives the screw to follow the rotation, and the rotation of the screw drives the lifting block connected by the thread on the surface.
  • the lifting block moves up and down along the stroke slot opened on the surface of the support column.
  • the lifting block lifts and drives the lifting rod connected to the top to follow up and down, thereby driving the beam connected to the surface of the connecting plate to follow up and down, thereby driving the opener Decline to match the use of patients with different heights;
  • the electric suction pump sucks the air to form a negative pressure inside the suction pipe
  • the collection cover sucks the aerosol in the air
  • enters the filter box through the suction pipe After being filtered by the coarse filter element, HEPA high-efficiency filter element and composite activated carbon filter element, it is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe, which effectively reduces the spread of aerosols.
  • Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention
  • Fig. 2 is the side view structure schematic diagram of the present invention
  • Fig. 3 is the structure schematic diagram of lifting mechanism of the present invention.
  • Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the adjustment mechanism of the present invention.
  • Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the opening mechanism of the present invention.
  • Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of the collecting mechanism of the present invention.
  • a negative pressure opener for stomatology to prevent the spread of aerosols including a fixed base 1, a support column 2 is fixedly installed on the top of the fixed base 1, and the support column 2
  • a seat 3 is fixedly installed on one side
  • a lifting mechanism 4 is fixedly installed inside the support column 2
  • a beam 5 is fixedly installed on the top of the lifting mechanism 4
  • an adjustment mechanism 6 is fixedly installed on the surface of the beam 5, and one side of the adjustment mechanism 6 is fixed.
  • a guide rod 7 is installed, and the bottom of the surface of the guide rod 7 is fixedly equipped with a support mechanism 8 , and the middle part of the surface of the guide rod 7 is provided with a collection mechanism 9 .
  • the lifting mechanism 4 includes a stepping motor 41 fixedly installed inside the support column 2, the output end of the stepping motor 41 is fixedly connected with a screw rod 42, and the surface of the screw rod 42 is threadedly connected with a lifting block 43 to support
  • the middle part of the surface of the column 2 is provided with a stroke groove 44, and both sides of the lifting block 43 are fixedly connected with a limit rod 45, and the limit rod 45 is interspersed and connected inside the stroke groove 44, and the top of the lift block 43 is fixedly connected with a lifting rod 46.
  • 46 is interspersed and connected inside the supporting column 2
  • the top of the elevating rod 46 is fixedly connected with a connecting plate 47
  • the crossbeam 5 is fixedly connected on the surface of the connecting plate 47 .
  • the stepper motor 41 is controlled to rotate according to the height of the patient, and the stepper motor 41 rotates to drive the screw rod 42 to follow the rotation, and the screw rod 42 rotates to drive the lifting block 43 that is threaded on the surface.
  • the lifting block 43 is lifted and moved along the stroke groove 44 provided on the surface of the support column 2.
  • the lifting block 43 lifts and drives the lifting rod 46 connected to the top to follow the lift so as to drive the beam connected to the surface of the connecting plate 47. 5 follow the lift, thereby driving the gag 89 to descend to match the use of patients with different heights.
  • the adjustment mechanism 6 includes an electric cylinder 61 fixedly connected to the surface of the crossbeam 5, the inner piston of the electric cylinder 61 is connected with a telescopic rod 62, and the end of the telescopic rod 62 is fixedly connected with a connection block 63, and the crossbeam One side of 5 is fixedly connected with slide rail 64, and the surface of slide rail 64 is slidably connected with slide block 65, and connecting block 63 is fixedly connected with slide block 65, and guide bar 7 is fixedly connected with the surface of slide block 65, and the surface of guide bar 7 The middle part is fixedly connected with a mounting base 71 .
  • the electric cylinder 61 is controlled to work to drive the telescopic rod 62 connected to the internal piston to shrink, and the telescopic rod 62 shrinks to drive the slider 65 fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting block 63 on the side of the beam 5
  • the connected slide rail 64 slides on the surface, and the guide rod 7 installed on one side of the slide block 65 drives the surface-mounted opener 89 to approach the patient's mouth to facilitate opening the mouth. Adjustment is made according to patients of different heights, and the applicability is improved.
  • the opening mechanism 8 includes a slide bar 81 fixedly installed on the bottom surface of the guide bar 7, the surface of the slide bar 81 is slidably connected with a slide seat 82, and the surface of the slide seat 82 is fixedly installed with a fixed plate 83, the fixed plate
  • the surface both sides of 83 offer limit groove 84, and the inside of limit groove 84 is slidingly connected with tooth bar 85, and the middle part of surface of fixed plate 83 is rotated and is equipped with gear 86, and gear 86 is meshed with two tooth bars 85 and is connected, and the gear 86
  • the middle part is fixedly equipped with adjusting wheel 87, and one end of rack 85 is fixedly connected with support rod 88, and one end of support rod 88 is provided with opener 89, and the surface cover of fixed plate 83 is provided with protective cover 831.
  • the height of the gag 89 is consistent with the height of the patient's mouth by adjusting the position height of the slide seat 82 on the surface of the slide bar 81, and the gag 89 is placed on both sides of the patient's mouth, and then according to the Turn the adjustment wheel 87 according to the size of the mouth shape, and the adjustment wheel 87 rotates to drive the gear 86 to mesh with the rack 85 slidingly connected to the inside of the limit groove 84, so that the drive rack 85 is adjusted inside the limit groove 84 to drive the gear rack 85 to connect at one end
  • the support rod 88 follows the movement, so that the gag 89 is driven by the support rod 88 to merge or spread apart, which is suitable for patients with different mouth sizes.
  • the protective cover 831 installed on the surface of the fixed plate 83 serves to cover the structure of the rack 85 and the gear 86. effect.
  • the collection mechanism 9 includes a filter box 91 fixedly installed on the surface of the mounting base 71, one side of the filter box 91 is fixedly connected with an electric air pump 92, and one side of the electric air pump 92 is fixedly installed with an exhaust pipe 93
  • the inside of the filter box 91 is fixedly installed with a coarse filter element 94, a HEPA high-efficiency filter element 95 and a composite activated carbon filter element 96 sequentially from top to bottom.
  • Collection hood 98 .
  • the aerosol exhaled in the patient's oral cavity spreads in the air, and the electric air pump 92 is controlled to work, and the electric air pump 92 sucks the air so that a negative pressure is formed inside the air suction pipe 97, and the collection cover 98 absorbs the aerosol in the air.
  • Aerosol suction enters the inside of the filter box 91 through the suction pipe 97.
  • the aerosol is first filtered by the coarse filter core 94, so that large particles such as droplets and aerosols are initially filtered, and the gas enters the HEPA.
  • the surface of the high-efficiency filter element 95 intercepts small particles, and the gas finally passes through the surface of the composite activated carbon filter element 96 to absorb aerosol and other peculiar smells again, and finally is discharged through the exhaust pipe 93, so that the transmission of aerosols is effectively reduced.
  • the surface of the guide rod 7 is provided with a through hole 72, and the air extraction pipe 97 is connected to the inside of the through hole 72.
  • the bottom of the seat 3 is fixedly equipped with a connecting rod 31, and the top of the connecting rod 31 is fixedly installed with a support pad. 32, the supporting pad 32 is made of sponge material.
  • the through hole 72 provided on the surface of the guide rod 7 facilitates the installation and fixing of the air extraction pipe 97, and the connecting rod 31 connected to the bottom of the seat 3 is used for fixing the mounting pad 32, and the pad 32 of the sponge material provides a comfortable feeling for the patient.
  • the opener 89 is arranged at the front end of the support pad 32 , the opener 89 is detachably connected to the support rod 88 , and the collection cover 98 is arranged at a position obliquely above the opener 89 .
  • the connecting rod 31 extends to the bottom of the gag 89, so that the gag 89 is set at the top of the top of the connecting rod 31 and the top of the pad 32, which is convenient for corresponding to the oral cavity, and it is convenient to adjust the gag 89 and open the oral cavity.
  • the collection cover 98 is arranged obliquely above the opening 89, which is convenient for sucking the aerosol close to the oral cavity, and prevents the aerosol from spreading and contacting with medical personnel.
  • the bottom end of the fixed base 1 is fixedly installed with several movable wheels 10
  • the top of the movable wheels 10 is fixedly installed with brake pads.
  • the movable wheel 10 installed at the bottom of the fixed base 1 is convenient for moving the overall equipment
  • the brake pad installed at the bottom of the movable wheel 10 is convenient for fixing the movable wheel 10, so as to prevent the equipment from shaking during treatment and causing injury to the patient.
  • the surface of the support column 2 is fixedly equipped with an operation panel 11, and the surface of the operation panel 11 is provided with several adjustment buttons, and the stepper motor 41, the electric pressure cylinder 61 and the electric air pump 92 are all electrically connected to the adjustment buttons , the adjustment button is electrically connected with the operation panel 11 .
  • the adjustment button is energized to facilitate the operation and control of equipment such as the stepper motor 41, the electric pressure cylinder 61 and the electric air pump 92, and when the operation panel 11 is disconnected from the external power supply , the device power supply is disconnected to stop running.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Dentistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)
  • Filtering Of Dispersed Particles In Gases (AREA)

Abstract

一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，包括固定底座（1），固定底座（1）的顶部固定安装有支撑柱（2），支撑柱（2）的一侧固定安装有座椅（3），支撑柱（2）的内部固定安装有升降机构（4），升降机构（4）的顶端固定安装有横梁（5），横梁（5）的表面固定安装有调节机构（6），调节机构（6）的一侧固定安装有引导杆（7），引导杆（7）的表面底部固定安装有撑口机构（8），引导杆（8）的表面中部设有收集机构（9）。通过设有收集机构（9），控制电动抽气泵（92）工作，带动抽气泵（92）将空气抽吸使得抽气管（97）内部形成负压，收集罩（98）将空气中的气溶胶抽吸，通过抽气管（97）进入到过滤箱（91）内部，经过粗滤网芯（94）、HEPA高效滤芯（95）和复合型活性炭滤芯（96）过滤，最后经排气管（93）排出，使得有效降低气溶胶传播。

Description

一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器 技术领域
本发明涉及医疗器具技术领域，具体为一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器。
背景技术
气溶胶由固体或液体小质点分散并悬浮在气体介质中形成的胶体分散体系，又称气体分散体系。其分散相为固体或液体小质点，其大小为0.001～100微米，分散介质为气体，有很多疾病是可以通过气溶胶或气溶胶传播的，口腔科在临床操作过程中，在使用高速涡轮手机、超声洁牙器等仪器设备过程中，会产生大量气溶胶和气溶胶，现有的开口器只能简单的对患者口部进行撑开，无法对患者呼出的气溶胶进行收集防止气溶胶扩散传播，使得医务人员身处在极易感染的环境中，如若防护不到位会造成医务人员感染风险。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，旨针对目前的有的开口器只能简单的对患者口部进行撑开，无法对患者呼出的气溶胶进行收集防止气溶胶扩散传播，使得医务人员身处在极易感染的环境中的问题。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供如下技术方案：一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，包括固定底座，所述固定底座的顶部固定安装有支撑柱，所述支撑柱的一侧固定安装有座椅，所述支撑柱的内部固定安装有升降机构，所述升降机构的顶端固定安装有横梁， 所述横梁的表面固定安装有调节机构，所述调节机构的一侧固定安装有引导杆，所述引导杆的表面底部固定安装有撑口机构，所述引导杆的表面中部设有收集机构。
作为本发明的一种优选方案：所述升降机构包括固定安装在支撑柱内部的步进电机，所述步进电机的输出端固定连接有丝杆，所述丝杆的表面螺纹连接有升降块，所述支撑柱的表面中部开设有行程槽，所述升降块的两侧固定连接有限位杆，所述限位杆穿插连接在行程槽内部，所述升降块的顶部固定连接有升降杆，所述升降杆穿插连接在支撑柱内部，所述升降杆顶端固定连接有连接板，所述横梁固定连接在连接板表面。
作为本发明的一种优选方案：所述调节机构包括固定连接在横梁表面的电动压缸，所述电动压缸的内部活塞连接有伸缩杆，所述伸缩杆的端头处固定连接有连接块，所述横梁的一侧固定连接有滑轨，所述滑轨的表面滑动连接有滑块，所述连接块与滑块固定连接，所述引导杆固定连接在滑块的表面，所述引导杆的表面中部固定连接有安装座。
作为本发明的一种优选方案：所述撑口机构包括固定安装在引导杆表面底部的滑条，所述滑条的表面滑动连接有滑座，所述滑座的表面固定安装有固定板，所述固定板的表面两侧开设有限位槽，所述限位槽的内部滑动连接有齿条，所述固定板的表面中部转动安装有齿轮，所述齿轮与两根齿条啮合连接，所述齿轮的中部固定安装有调节轮。
作为本发明的一种优选方案：所述齿条的一端固定连接有支撑杆，所述支撑杆的一端设有开口器，所述固定板的表面罩设有防护罩。
作为本发明的一种优选方案：所述收集机构包括固定安装在安装座表面的过滤箱，所述过滤箱的一侧固定连接有电动抽气泵，所述电动抽气泵的一侧固定安装有排气管，所述过滤箱内部从上到下依次固定安装有粗滤网芯、HEPA高效滤芯和复合型活性炭滤芯，所述过滤箱的顶端固定连接有抽气管，所述抽气管的一端固定连接有收集罩。
作为本发明的一种优选方案：所述引导杆的表面开设有通孔，所述抽气管穿插连接在通孔内部，所述座椅的底部固定安装有连杆，所述连杆的顶端固定安装有托垫，所述托垫为海绵材质制作。
作为本发明的一种优选方案：所述开口器设置在托垫的前端位置处，所述开口器与支撑杆为可拆卸式连接，所述收集罩设置在开口器的斜上方位置处。
作为本发明的一种优选方案：所述固定底座的底端固定安装有若干活动轮，所述活动轮的顶部固定安装有刹车片。
作为本发明的一种优选方案：所述支撑柱的表面固定安装有操作面板，所述操作面板的表面设有若干调节按钮，所述步进电机、电动压缸和电动抽气泵均与调节按钮电性连接，所述调节按钮与操作面板电性连接。
与现有技术相比，本发明提供的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的 负压开口器具备以下有益效果：
1、通过设有的升降机构，当患者坐在座椅上后，根据患者身高不同，控制步进电机转动，步进电机转动带动丝杆跟随转动，丝杆转动带动表面螺纹连接的升降块在限位杆的限位下，使得升降块沿着支撑柱表面开设的行程槽内部升降移动，升降块升降带动顶部连接的升降杆跟随升降从而带动连接板表面连接的横梁跟随升降，从而带动开口器下降配合不同身高使用患者的使用；
2、通过设有的撑口机构，当患者嘴部张开口，通过调节滑座在滑条表面的位置高度来使得开口器与患者嘴部高度一致，将开口器放置在患者嘴部两侧，后根据患者嘴型大小来转动调节轮，调节轮转动带动齿轮与滑动连接在限位槽内部的齿条啮合，使得带动齿条在限位槽内部调节从而带动齿条一端连接的支撑杆跟随移动，使得通过支撑杆带动开口器合并或者撑开，适用不同嘴部大小的患者，固定板表面安装的防护罩起到罩设齿条和齿轮结构的作用；
3、通过设有的收集机构，控制电动抽气泵工作，电动抽气泵将空气抽吸使得抽气管内部形成负压，收集罩将空气中的气溶胶抽吸，通过抽气管进入到过滤箱内部，经过粗滤网芯、HEPA高效滤芯和复合型活性炭滤芯过滤，最后经排气管排出，使得有效降低气溶胶传播。
附图说明
附图用来提供对本发明的进一步理解，并且构成说明书的一部分，与本发明的实施例一起用于解释本发明，并不构成对本发明的 限制。在附图中：
图1为本发明整体结构示意图；
图2为本发明侧视结构示意图；
图3为本发明升降机构结构示意图；
图4为本发明调节机构结构示意图；
图5为本发明撑口机构结构示意图；
图6为本发明收集机构结构示意图。
图中：1、固定底座；2、支撑柱；3、座椅；31、连杆；32、托垫；4、升降机构；41、步进电机；42、丝杆；43、升降块；44、行程槽；45、限位杆；46、升降杆；47、连接板；5、横梁；6、调节机构；61、电动压缸；62、伸缩杆；63、连接块；64、滑轨；65、滑块；7、引导杆；71、安装座；72、通孔；8、撑口机构；81、滑条；82、滑座；83、固定板；831、防护罩；84、限位槽；85、齿条；86、齿轮；87、调节轮；88、支撑杆；89、开口器；9、收集机构；91、过滤箱；92、电动抽气泵；93、排气管；94、粗滤网芯；95、HEPA高效滤芯；96、复合型活性炭滤芯；97、抽气管；98、收集罩；10、活动轮；11、操作面板。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他 实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1
请参阅图1-6，本发明提供以下技术方案：一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，包括固定底座1，固定底座1的顶部固定安装有支撑柱2，支撑柱2的一侧固定安装有座椅3，支撑柱2的内部固定安装有升降机构4，升降机构4的顶端固定安装有横梁5，横梁5的表面固定安装有调节机构6，调节机构6的一侧固定安装有引导杆7，引导杆7的表面底部固定安装有撑口机构8，引导杆7的表面中部设有收集机构9。
在本实施例中：升降机构4包括固定安装在支撑柱2内部的步进电机41，步进电机41的输出端固定连接有丝杆42，丝杆42的表面螺纹连接有升降块43，支撑柱2的表面中部开设有行程槽44，升降块43的两侧固定连接有限位杆45，限位杆45穿插连接在行程槽44内部，升降块43的顶部固定连接有升降杆46，升降杆46穿插连接在支撑柱2内部，升降杆46顶端固定连接有连接板47，横梁5固定连接在连接板47表面。
具体的，当患者坐在座椅3上后，根据患者身高不同，控制步进电机41转动，步进电机41转动带动丝杆42跟随转动，丝杆42转动带动表面螺纹连接的升降块43在限位杆45的限位下，使得升降块43沿着支撑柱2表面开设的行程槽44内部升降移动，升降块43升降带动顶部连接的升降杆46跟随升降从而带动连接板47表面连接的横梁5跟随升降，从而带动开口器89下降配合不同身高使用 患者的使用。
在本实施例中：调节机构6包括固定连接在横梁5表面的电动压缸61，电动压缸61的内部活塞连接有伸缩杆62，伸缩杆62的端头处固定连接有连接块63，横梁5的一侧固定连接有滑轨64，滑轨64的表面滑动连接有滑块65，连接块63与滑块65固定连接，引导杆7固定连接在滑块65的表面，引导杆7的表面中部固定连接有安装座71。
具体的，当患者下巴放置在托垫32上后，控制电动压缸61工作带动内部活塞连接的伸缩杆62收缩，伸缩杆62收缩带动连接块63底部固定连接的滑块65在横梁5一侧连接的滑轨64表面滑动，滑块65一侧安装的引导杆7带动表面安装的开口器89向患者嘴部靠近方便进行撑开口腔，根据不同身高患者来进行调节，适用性提高。
在本实施例中：撑口机构8包括固定安装在引导杆7表面底部的滑条81，滑条81的表面滑动连接有滑座82，滑座82的表面固定安装有固定板83，固定板83的表面两侧开设有限位槽84，限位槽84的内部滑动连接有齿条85，固定板83的表面中部转动安装有齿轮86，齿轮86与两根齿条85啮合连接，齿轮86的中部固定安装有调节轮87，齿条85的一端固定连接有支撑杆88，支撑杆88的一端设有开口器89，固定板83的表面罩设有防护罩831。
具体的，当患者嘴部张开口，通过调节滑座82在滑条81表面的位置高度来使得开口器89与患者嘴部高度一致，将开口器89放 置在患者嘴部两侧，后根据患者嘴型大小来转动调节轮87，调节轮87转动带动齿轮86与滑动连接在限位槽84内部的齿条85啮合，使得带动齿条85在限位槽84内部调节从而带动齿条85一端连接的支撑杆88跟随移动，使得通过支撑杆88带动开口器89合并或者撑开，适用不同嘴部大小的患者，固定板83表面安装的防护罩831起到罩设齿条85和齿轮86结构的作用。
在本实施例中：收集机构9包括固定安装在安装座71表面的过滤箱91，过滤箱91的一侧固定连接有电动抽气泵92，电动抽气泵92的一侧固定安装有排气管93，过滤箱91内部从上到下依次固定安装有粗滤网芯94、HEPA高效滤芯95和复合型活性炭滤芯96，过滤箱91的顶端固定连接有抽气管97，抽气管97的一端固定连接有收集罩98。
具体的，当治疗时，患者口腔中呼出的气溶胶在空气中传播，控制电动抽气泵92工作，电动抽气泵92将空气抽吸使得抽气管97内部形成负压，收集罩98将空气中的气溶胶抽吸，通过抽气管97进入到过滤箱91内部，进入到过滤箱91内部后气溶胶首先经过粗滤网芯94的过滤，使得初步过滤飞沫、气溶胶等大颗粒物，气体进入HEPA高效滤芯95表面后拦截小颗粒物，气体最后经过复合性活性炭滤芯96表面后再次吸附气溶胶等异味，最后经排气管93排出，使得有效降低气溶胶传播。
在本实施例中：引导杆7的表面开设有通孔72，抽气管97穿插连接在通孔72内部，座椅3的底部固定安装有连杆31，连杆31的 顶端固定安装有托垫32，托垫32为海绵材质制作。
具体的，引导杆7表面开设的通孔72便于抽气管97的安装固定，座椅3底部连接的连杆31用于固定安装托垫32，海绵材质的托垫32为患者提供舒适的感受。
在本实施例中：开口器89设置在托垫32的前端位置处，开口器89与支撑杆88为可拆卸式连接，收集罩98设置在开口器89的斜上方位置处。
具体的，连杆31延伸至开口器89底部位置，使得开口器89设置在连杆31顶部托垫32顶部靠前位置处，便于与口腔处对应，方便将开口器89调节并对口腔撑开，收集罩98设置在开口器89的斜上方，便于靠近口腔处并对气溶胶进行抽吸，防止气溶胶传播扩散到与医务人员接触。
在本实施例中：固定底座1的底端固定安装有若干活动轮10，活动轮10的顶部固定安装有刹车片。
具体的，固定底座1底部安装的活动轮10便于对整体设备进行移动，同时活动轮10底部安装的刹车片便于对活动轮10进行固定，防止治疗时设备晃动对患者造成伤害。
在本实施例中：支撑柱2的表面固定安装有操作面板11，操作面板11的表面设有若干调节按钮，步进电机41、电动压缸61和电动抽气泵92均与调节按钮电性连接，调节按钮与操作面板11电性连接。
具体的，当操作面板11与外接电源接通后，调节按钮通电便于 对步进电机41、电动压缸61和电动抽气泵92等设备进行操作控制，当操作面板11与外接电源断开连接后，设备电源断开停止运行。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，包括固定底座(1)，其特征在于：所述固定底座(1)的顶部固定安装有支撑柱(2)，所述支撑柱(2)的一侧固定安装有座椅(3)，所述支撑柱(2)的内部固定安装有升降机构(4)，所述升降机构(4)的顶端固定安装有横梁(5)，所述横梁(5)的表面固定安装有调节机构(6)，所述调节机构(6)的一侧固定安装有引导杆(7)，所述引导杆(7)的表面底部固定安装有撑口机构(8)，所述引导杆(7)的表面中部设有收集机构(9)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，其特征在于：所述升降机构(4)包括固定安装在支撑柱(2)内部的步进电机(41)，所述步进电机(41)的输出端固定连接有丝杆(42)，所述丝杆(42)的表面螺纹连接有升降块(43)，所述支撑柱(2)的表面中部开设有行程槽(44)，所述升降块(43)的两侧固定连接有限位杆(45)，所述限位杆(45)穿插连接在行程槽(44)内部，所述升降块(43)的顶部固定连接有升降杆(46)，所述升降杆(46)穿插连接在支撑柱(2)内部，所述升降杆(46)顶端固定连接有连接板(47)，所述横梁(5)固定连接在连接板(47)表面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，其特征在于：所述调节机构(6)包括固定连接在横梁(5)表面的电动压缸(61)，所述电动压缸(61)的内部活塞连接有伸缩杆(62)，所述伸缩杆(62)的端头处固定连接有连接块(63)， 所述横梁(5)的一侧固定连接有滑轨(64)，所述滑轨(64)的表面滑动连接有滑块(65)，所述连接块(63)与滑块(65)固定连接，所述引导杆(7)固定连接在滑块(65)的表面，所述引导杆(7)的表面中部固定连接有安装座(71)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，其特征在于：所述撑口机构(8)包括固定安装在引导杆(7)表面底部的滑条(81)，所述滑条(81)的表面滑动连接有滑座(82)，所述滑座(82)的表面固定安装有固定板(83)，所述固定板(83)的表面两侧开设有限位槽(84)，所述限位槽(84)的内部滑动连接有齿条(85)，所述固定板(83)的表面中部转动安装有齿轮(86)，所述齿轮(86)与两根齿条(85)啮合连接，所述齿轮(86)的中部固定安装有调节轮(87)。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，其特征在于：所述齿条(85)的一端固定连接有支撑杆(88)，所述支撑杆(88)的一端设有开口器(89)，所述固定板(83)的表面罩设有防护罩(831)。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，其特征在于：所述收集机构(9)包括固定安装在安装座(71)表面的过滤箱(91)，所述过滤箱(91)的一侧固定连接有电动抽气泵(92)，所述电动抽气泵(92)的一侧固定安装有排气管(93)，所述过滤箱(91)内部从上到下依次固定安装有粗滤网芯(94)、HEPA高效滤芯(95)和复合型活性炭滤芯(96)，所述过滤箱(91) 的顶端固定连接有抽气管(97)，所述抽气管(97)的一端固定连接有收集罩(98)。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，其特征在于：所述引导杆(7)的表面开设有通孔(72)，所述抽气管(97)穿插连接在通孔(72)内部，所述座椅(3)的底部固定安装有连杆(31)，所述连杆(31)的顶端固定安装有托垫(32)，所述托垫(32)为海绵材质制作。
  8. 根据权利要求5所述的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，其特征在于：所述开口器(89)设置在托垫(32)的前端位置处，所述开口器(89)与支撑杆(88)为可拆卸式连接，所述收集罩(98)设置在开口器(89)的斜上方位置处。
  9. 根据权利要求1所述的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，其特征在于：所述固定底座(1)的底端固定安装有若干活动轮(10)，所述活动轮(10)的顶部固定安装有刹车片。
  10. 根据权利要求6所述的一种口腔科防止气溶胶播散的负压开口器，其特征在于：所述支撑柱(2)的表面固定安装有操作面板(11)，所述操作面板(11)的表面设有若干调节按钮，所述步进电机(41)、电动压缸(61)和电动抽气泵(92)均与调节按钮电性连接，所述调节按钮与操作面板(11)电性连接。
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