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WO2022218163A1 - 一种抑制乙型肝炎病毒基因表达的rna抑制剂及其应用 - Google Patents

一种抑制乙型肝炎病毒基因表达的rna抑制剂及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2022218163A1
WO2022218163A1 PCT/CN2022/084381 CN2022084381W WO2022218163A1 WO 2022218163 A1 WO2022218163 A1 WO 2022218163A1 CN 2022084381 W CN2022084381 W CN 2022084381W WO 2022218163 A1 WO2022218163 A1 WO 2022218163A1
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mvip
acid
rna inhibitor
sense strand
strand
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PCT/CN2022/084381
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English (en)
French (fr)
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穆卓
王圣军
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厦门甘宝利生物医药有限公司
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Priority to JP2023562671A priority Critical patent/JP2024511894A/ja
Priority to CN202280028156.3A priority patent/CN117597443A/zh
Priority to KR1020237038959A priority patent/KR20240004506A/ko
Priority to EP22787390.8A priority patent/EP4324923A4/en
Priority to AU2022256594A priority patent/AU2022256594A1/en
Priority to US18/555,012 priority patent/US20240175029A1/en
Priority to PH1/2023/552838A priority patent/PH12023552838A1/en
Publication of WO2022218163A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022218163A1/zh

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Definitions

  • the invention belongs to the field of biochemistry, and in particular relates to an RNA inhibitor for inhibiting hepatitis B virus gene expression and application thereof.
  • the strands are at least 85% complementary to each other, and some or all of the 2'-OH of the nucleotide sugars are substituted by fluorine or methoxy, and the phosphate between at least 3 consecutive nucleotides at the end is replaced by sulfur generation.
  • the structure of the RNA inhibitor of the present invention also contains the structures 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP that make the RNA inhibitor have liver targeting specificity, wherein the 5'MVIP is coupled to the sense strand and/or the RNA inhibitor.
  • the 5' end of the antisense strand, the 3' MVIP is coupled to the 3' end of the antisense strand and/or the sense strand of the RNA inhibitor, and both 5' MVIP and 3' MVIP contain liver targeting specific ligand X, branched Strand L, linker B and linker strand D, 5'MVIP further comprises a transition point R 1 connected to the 5' end of the RNA inhibitor sense strand or antisense strand, and 3'MVIP also comprises a sense link to the RNA inhibitor A transition point R 2 linked to the 3' end of the strand or antisense strand, the liver targeting specific ligand X, branch L or linker B inside each of the 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP or 5'MVIP and 3''MVIPs can be the same or different.
  • RNA inhibitor provided by the invention has the efficacy that the current clinical first-line hepatitis B treatment drugs do not have, and can directly destroy the function of HBV mRNA as a translation template, and prevent the synthesis of HBV surface antigen HBsAg.
  • the RNA inhibitor of the present invention has a significant inhibitory effect on the most common types A, B, C and D of HBV; it can be used in combination with nucleoside analogs and interferon; it can continuously and efficiently increase the HBsAg of HBV mice.
  • the expression level of HBsAb is reduced, and surface antibody HBsAb is produced, which can functionally cure hepatitis B.
  • RNAi RNA interference
  • dsRNA double-stranded RNA
  • RNA inhibitors an endonuclease called "Dicer” cleaves or “dices” long strands of dsRNA. into small fragments of 21 to 25 nucleotides in length. These small fragments, called small interfering RNAs (RNA inhibitors), have the antisense strand (Guide strand) loaded onto the Argonaute protein (AGO2).
  • AGO2 loading occurs in the RISC-loading complex, a ternary complex consisting of the Argonaute protein, Dicer, and a dsRNA-binding protein (referred to as TRBP for short).
  • TRBP dsRNA-binding protein
  • AGO2 then uses the antisense strand to bind to mRNAs containing fully complementary sequences, and then catalyzes the cleavage of these mRNAs, causing mRNA cleavage to lose its role as a translation template, thereby preventing the synthesis of the associated protein. After cleavage, the cleaved mRNA is released and the RISC-loading complex loaded with the antisense strand is recycled for another round of cleavage.
  • Hepatitis B is a disease caused by persistent infection of hepatitis B virus for more than 6 months, and different degrees of inflammation and necrosis (or) fibrosis of the liver.
  • the World Health Organization estimates that there are about 2 billion people infected worldwide, of which about 4 million people are acutely infected each year, about 350-400 million people are infected with hepatitis B, and the African region and the Western Pacific account for 68%. Worldwide, about 1 million people die each year from hepatitis B infection-related diseases, of which cirrhosis accounts for 30% and primary hepatocellular carcinoma accounts for 45%.
  • the first-line clinical drugs include nucleoside (NUC) and interferon drugs, and the most important drugs are still nucleoside drugs such as lamivudine, entecavir, adefovir, telbivudine, etc.
  • NUC nucleoside
  • Tenofovir alafenamide is the latest NUC drug, but its use is limited to a certain extent because it may cause renal damage.
  • Nucleoside drugs have the advantages of high bioavailability and safer oral administration. However, although nucleoside drugs can effectively control the disease, drug resistance can occur after long-term use.
  • HBV DNA, ALT and liver histology rebound to varying degrees after drug withdrawal; and after long-term use of nucleoside drugs
  • side effects such as kidney damage, infant teratogenicity, etc.
  • the emergence of virus-resistant strains is another side effect that must be faced with the long-term use of nucleoside drugs.
  • the emergence of drug-resistant strains greatly reduces the cure rate, or is even ineffective.
  • nucleoside drugs are reversible to viral replication, if most patients want to achieve the maximum effect, the course of treatment must be more than one year, so that the drug resistance will appear, and the expected effect will not be achieved.
  • Nucleoside (NUC) drugs need to be taken every day, and patients have poor medication compliance.
  • Hepatitis B surface antigen is the coat protein of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) and serves as a marker for the first detectable virus.
  • HBsAg positive is the gold standard for judging HBV infection.
  • AASLD American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases
  • APASL Asia-Pacific Association for the Study of the Liver
  • EASL European Association for the Study of the Liver
  • antigen induce immune tolerance, and reduction of antigenic HBsAg levels can restore immunological control of HBV infection.
  • clinical first-line drugs including nucleosides (NUC) and interferon drugs do not have the effect of reducing the level of antigenic HBsAg, let alone clearing HBsAg.
  • hepatitis B The treatment of hepatitis B remains a global health challenge. Therefore, there is an urgent need in the field to develop anti-HBV drugs with new therapeutic mechanisms. By efficiently and persistently reducing the level of antigenic HBsAg, hepatitis B patients can regenerate HBsAb antibodies, which can eventually be functionally cured.
  • the present invention relates to an RNA inhibitor for inhibiting the expression of hepatitis B virus gene and application thereof.
  • the structure of the RNA inhibitor of the present invention also contains 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP, so that the RNA inhibitor has a liver-targeted specific structure, wherein 5'MVIP is coupled to the sense of the RNA inhibitor Strand and/or antisense strand 5'end, 3'MVIP is coupled to the RNA inhibitor antisense strand and/or sense strand 3'end, 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP both contain liver targeting specific ligands.
  • Body X, branch L, linker B and linker D the 5'MVIP further comprises a transition point R 1 connected to the 5' end of the sense or antisense strand of the RNA inhibitor, and the 3'MVIP also comprises a link to the RNA inhibitor.
  • the 'MVIP and the 3' MVIP may be the same or different.
  • the RNA inhibitor provided by the invention has the efficacy that the current clinical first-line hepatitis B treatment drugs do not have, can directly destroy the function of HBV mRNA as a translation template, and prevent the formation of HBV surface antigen HBsAg.
  • the RNA inhibitor of the present invention has a significant inhibitory effect on the most common types A, B, C and D of HBV, and can be used in combination with nucleoside analogs and interferon; it can continuously and efficiently increase the HBsAg of HBV mice. The expression level is reduced, and surface antibody HBsAb is produced, which can functionally cure hepatitis B.
  • the main feature of the RNA inhibitor of the present invention is that it can produce surface antibody HBsAb in vivo, stimulate the body to regenerate immunity to HBV, and achieve functional cure of hepatitis B.
  • the present invention provides an RNA inhibitor for inhibiting the expression of hepatitis B virus gene or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof, wherein,
  • the RNA inhibitor is formed by base pairing of a sense strand and an antisense strand with a chain length of 15-30, wherein the chain length is preferably 19-23.
  • the end of the sense strand or the antisense strand has at least three phosphate bonds between adjacent nucleotides that can be thio-substituted.
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO.1 shown below or a sequence that differs from SEQ ID NO.1 by one, two or three nucleotides
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO.1 shown below ID NO.58 or a sequence that differs from SEQ ID NO.58 by one, two or three nucleotides:
  • Antisense strand 5'uugucaacgagaaaaacccuu 3' SEQ ID NO.:58
  • g guanylic acid
  • a adenylic acid
  • u uridylic acid
  • c cytidylic acid
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO.140 shown below or a sequence that differs from SEQ ID NO.140 by one, two or three nucleotides
  • the antisense strand is shown below SEQ ID NO.141 of or a sequence that differs from SEQ ID NO.141 by one, two or three nucleotides:
  • Antisense strand 5'uugucaacaagaaaaacccuu 3' SEQ ID NO.:141
  • g guanylic acid
  • a adenylic acid
  • u uridylic acid
  • c cytidylic acid
  • the sense and antisense strands of the above RNA inhibitors can be modified without affecting their activity or even enhancing their activity, and the nucleotides may have modified groups
  • the group can be modified in whole or in part.
  • the modified sense strand of the RNA inhibitor is SEQ ID NO.2 as shown below or a sequence that differs from SEQ ID NO.2 by one, two or three nucleotides, which The modified antisense strand is SEQ ID NO.59 as shown below or a sequence that differs from SEQ ID NO.59 by one, two or three nucleotides:
  • Antisense strand 5'Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U 3' SEQ ID NO.:59
  • the modified sense strand of the RNA inhibitor is SEQ ID NO.142 as shown below or a sequence that differs from SEQ ID NO.142 by one, two or three nucleotides
  • Its modified antisense strand is SEQ ID NO.143 as shown below or a sequence that differs from SEQ ID NO.143 by one, two or three nucleotides:
  • Antisense strand 5'Us Us G U C A fA C A A G fA A fA A A C C Cs Us U 3' SEQ ID NO.:143
  • the RNA inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof also contains a combination of 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP, wherein,
  • the 5' MVIP and 3' MVIP are ligand structures with liver targeting specific ligand X, which also comprise branched chain L, linker B and connecting chain D;
  • the 5' MVIP is coupled at the 5' end of the sense strand and/or the antisense strand, which further comprises a transition point R 1 connected to the 5' end of the sense strand or antisense strand;
  • the 3' MVIP is coupled at the 3' end of the antisense strand and/or the sense strand, which comprises a transition point R 2 connected to the 3' end of the sense or antisense strand;
  • the structure of the 5' MVIP is shown in the general formula I, and the 3' MVIP structure is shown in the general formula II,
  • the transition point R 1 and R 2 have -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom in the structure, generally there is at least one -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom in the structure, R 1 and R 2 pass through -NH in the structure -, a sulfur atom or an oxygen atom is attached to the linker D of the 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP, and the 5' and 3' ends of the sense and/or antisense strands, respectively, thereby introducing the liver-targeting specific ligand X, so
  • the transition points R 1 and R 2 can be straight chains; straight chains with branched chains or various cyclic structures, such as saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carbocyclic groups, or containing sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen Atomic five- or six-membered heterocyclic group or aromatic hydrocarbon group, etc.;
  • R 1 is preferably -NH(CH 2 ) x CH 2 O-, wherein x is an integer of 3-12, preferably an integer of 4-6;
  • R 2 is preferably -NH(CH 2 ) x1 CH(OH)(CH 2 ) x2 CH 2 O-, wherein x1 is an integer of 1-4, and x2 is an integer of 0-4;
  • the liver targeting specific ligand X is selected from galactose, galactosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine and derivatives thereof, preferably selected from N-acetylgalactosamine and derivatives thereof, and the liver target
  • the specific ligand X may be the same or different within each of 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP or between 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP;
  • the linker B is selected from the following structures:
  • a 1 and A 2 are each independently C, O, S, -NH-, carbonyl, amido, phosphoryl or thiophosphoryl, r is an integer from 0 to 4, and the linker B is at 5' MVIP and 3'MVIP can be the same or different;
  • the C3-C18 straight chain of a membered or six-membered heterocyclic group or a combination of these groups, the C3-C18 straight chain can also carry methyl alcohol, methyl tert-butyl, methyl phenol, C5-C6 aliphatic
  • the structure of the MVIP may be:
  • the structure of the MVIP may be:
  • the structure of the MVIP may be:
  • the structure of the MVIP may be:
  • the structure of the MVIP may be:
  • the n refers to the sum of n in the 5' MVIP placed at the 5' end of both the sense and antisense strands of the RNA inhibitor
  • the m refers to the RNA placed at the same time Sum of m in the 3' MVIP at the 3' end of the inhibitor's sense and antisense strands.
  • the liver targeting specific ligand X is selected from structures for enhancing the uptake of RNA inhibitors by hepatocytes, and can be lipids, steroids, vitamins, sugars, proteins, peptides, polyamines and peptidomimetic structures.
  • the liver targeting specific ligand X introduced into the end of the sense strand or antisense strand of the RNA inhibitor may be the same or different, for example, some may be enhanced
  • some may be structures that modulate the pharmacokinetics of the RNA inhibitor in vivo, and some may be structures that have lytic activity in vivo.
  • the liver targeting specific ligand X is selected from one or more monosaccharides of the following structures and derivatives thereof.
  • the monosaccharide is selected from one or more of the following structures: mannose, galactose, D-arabinose, glucose, fructose, xylose, glucosamine, ribose.
  • Mannose is selected from one or more of the following structures: D-mannose, L-mannose, ⁇ -D-mannose, ⁇ -D-mannose, ⁇ -D-pyran Mannose, ⁇ -D-mannose.
  • Galactose is selected from one or more of the following structures: L-galactose, D-galactose, ⁇ -D-galactopyranosyl, ⁇ -D-galactopyranosyl, ⁇ -D-galactofuranosyl, ⁇ -D-galactofuranosyl.
  • Glucose is selected from one or more of the following structures: D-glucose, L-glucose, ⁇ -D-glucopyranose, ⁇ -D-glucopyranose, ⁇ -D-glucofuranose, ⁇ -D-glucofuranose .
  • the fructose is selected from one or more of the following structures: ⁇ -D-fructofuranose, ⁇ -D-fructopyranose.
  • Xylose is selected from one or more of the following structures: D-xylofuranose, L-xylofuranose.
  • Ribose is selected from one or more of the following structures: ribose, D-ribose, L-ribose.
  • the monosaccharide derivatives are selected from mannose derivatives, galactose derivatives, glucose derivatives, ribose derivatives and other derivatives.
  • the galactose derivative is selected from ⁇ -D-galactosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine, 4-thio- ⁇ -D-galactopyranosine.
  • the glucose derivative may be selected from 2-amino-3-O-[(R)-1-carboxyethyl]-2-deoxy- ⁇ -D-glucopyranose, 2-deoxy-2-methylamino-L- glucopyranose, 2-deoxy-2-sulfoamino-D-glucopyranose, 5-thio- ⁇ -D-glucopyranose, 2,3,4-tri-O-acetyl-1-thio- 6-O-Trityl- ⁇ -D-glucopyranoside methyl ester.
  • the ribose derivative is selected from one or more of D-4-thioribose and L-4-thioribose.
  • the liver targeting specific ligand X is selected from galactose, galactosamine, N-acetylgalactosamine and derivatives thereof, and its general structural formula is as follows:
  • W 1 is a hydrogen or hydroxyl protecting group, which can be the same or different;
  • W is -OH, -NHCOOH or -NHCO(CH 2 ) q CH 3 , wherein q is an integer of 0-4;
  • W 2 is -NH- , O, S, or C.
  • the liver targeting specific ligand X is preferably selected from one or more of the following structures:
  • W is selected from one or both of -OH, -NHCOOH or -NHCO(CH 2 ) q CH 3 , wherein q is an integer of 0-4.
  • the liver targeting specific ligands X may be the same or different in the same 5'MVIP or 3'MVIP structure.
  • the X's of the 5'MVIP and the 3'MVIP can be the same or different from each other.
  • the straight chain of C18, the straight chain can have a side chain of ethyl alcohol or carboxylic acid
  • the branched chain L is preferably a C7-C18 straight chain containing an amide group or a six-membered aliphatic carbocyclic group, and its length is short Or the structure will affect the activity of the RNA inhibitor of the present invention.
  • the branch L may be the same or different in the same 5'MVIP or 3'MVIP structure.
  • the branch L between the 5'MVIP and the 3'MVIP may be the same or different.
  • the branched chain L can be selected from one or more of the following structures:
  • r1 is a positive integer of 1-12
  • r2 is an integer of 0-20
  • Z is H or an alkyl group or an amide group, such as a C1-C5 alkyl group, a C1-C5 amide group, such as formamide, etc.
  • the structure of the linker B is related to the number of specific ligands X that can be introduced.
  • the linker B contains -NH-, C, O, S, amido, phosphoryl, and phosphorothioate, when n or m is 1 , it is a straight chain, and when n or m is 2, 3 or 4, the number of bifurcations is 2, 3 or 4, respectively.
  • the linker B can be selected from the following structural formula:
  • a 1 and A 2 are each independently C, O, S, -NH-, carbonyl, amido, phosphoryl or phosphorothiol, and r is an integer of 0-4.
  • the linker B is selected from the following structural formula:
  • r is an integer from 0 to 4.
  • the linker B is selected from the following structural formula:
  • the linker B is preferably selected from one or more of the following structures:
  • the C3-C18 straight chain of a membered or six-membered heterocyclic group or a combination of these groups, the C3-C18 straight chain can also carry methyl alcohol, methyl tert-butyl, methyl phenol, C5-C6 aliphatic
  • the linking chain D is selected from one or more of the following structures:
  • each n is a positive integer of 1-20, and each n is the same or different integer; s is an integer of 2-13; Z 1 and Z 2 are the same or different substituent groups, such as C3- C10 alkyl.
  • the linker D is preferably selected from one of the following structures:
  • the linking chain D is preferably selected from one or more of the following structures:
  • the (XL) n -BD- in the 5'MVIP structure and the (XL) m -BD- in the 3'MVIP structure are selected from one or more of the following structures:
  • (XL) n -B -D- in the 5'MVIP structure is selected from the structures shown in Table 1:
  • the 5' MVIP may also be absent, in which case m may be an integer of 2-4.
  • the (XL) m -BD- in the 3'MVIP structure is selected from the structures shown in Table 2:
  • the 5'MVIP further comprises a transition point R 1 connected or coupled to the 5' end of the sense strand or antisense strand, and the transition point R 1 has a band in the structure.
  • There is -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom and there is at least one -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom in the general structure.
  • R 1 is linked to the linking chain D of 5'MVIP and the 5' end of the sense or antisense chain through -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom in its structure, thereby introducing the liver targeting specific ligand X.
  • the transition point R 1 can be straight chain; straight chain with amide group, carboxyl group, alkyl branch chain or various cyclic structures, cyclic structures such as saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carbocyclic groups, or A five- or six-membered heterocyclic group or an aromatic hydrocarbon group containing sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen atoms and the like.
  • R 1 is -B 1 (CH 2 ) x CH 2 B 2 -, wherein x is an integer of 3-10, preferably an integer of 4-6, and the groups B 1 and B 2 can be respectively -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom.
  • R 1 is -B 1 (CH 2 ) x CH(B 3 CH 3 )B 2 -, wherein x is an integer from 3 to 10, and B 1 and B 2 can be -NH-, sulfur, respectively atom or oxygen atom, the group B 3 is a functional group containing nitrogen, sulfur, oxygen or a carboxyl or methyl-based alkyl group.
  • R 1 is -NH(CH 2 ) x CH 2 O-, wherein x is an integer of 3-10, preferably an integer of 4-6, which can be obtained by the following two phosphoramidite monomers Introduce:
  • One of the oxygen atoms or sulfur atoms is used for the synthesis of the R 1 phosphoramidite monomer, and is connected to the 5' end of the single strand of the RNA inhibitor by means of solid-phase synthesis.
  • the -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom in the structure is used to link with the linker D in the 5' MVIP, thereby introducing the liver targeting specific ligand X at the 5' end of the RNA inhibitor.
  • An exemplary structure of the monomer introduced into the 5' end of the RNA inhibitor is as follows:
  • the -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom in the R 1 structure is first connected to the linking chain D, and another -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom is used for the synthesis of the 5'MVIP phosphoramidite monomer with the phosphoramidite Examples of ester-forming, sense or antisense 5' MVIP phosphoramidite monomer structures are shown below:
  • R 1 is a heterocyclic or carbocyclic structure containing nitrogen, sulfur or oxygen atoms:
  • the sense or antisense 5' MVIP phosphoramidite monomer preferably has the following structure:
  • n in the general formula is 1-4
  • the above-mentioned monomers in the linker B part are branched 1 to 4 times respectively to obtain the corresponding monomeric compounds, with the aid of the above-mentioned monomeric compounds, the liver targeting specific ligand X Introduced at the 5' end of the sense or antisense strand by solid phase synthesis.
  • the transition point R 1 is preferably -NH(CH 2 ) x CH 2 O-, where x can be an integer from 3 to 10, preferably an integer from 4 to 6, 5'MVIP phosphoramidite
  • the monomer structure is selected from the following structures:
  • the 3'MVIP further comprises a transition point R 2 connected or coupled to the 3' end of the sense strand or antisense strand, and the transition point R 2 has a band in its structure.
  • There is -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom and there is at least one -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom in the general structure.
  • R 2 is connected to the linking chain D of 3'MVIP and the 3' end of the sense or antisense chain through -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom in the structure, thereby introducing the liver targeting specific ligand X.
  • the transition point R 2 can be a straight chain; a branched straight chain with an amide group, a carboxyl group or an alkyl group or various cyclic structures, cyclic structures such as saturated or unsaturated aliphatic carbocyclic groups, or Such as five- or six-membered heterocyclic groups or aromatic hydrocarbon groups containing sulfur, oxygen or nitrogen atoms and the like.
  • the transition point R of a heterocyclic structure such as a piperidinyl, pyrrolyl, thiazolyl or benzene ring has the following structure:
  • the R 2 of the present invention is coupled with -NH- in the blank Solid Support through succinic anhydride and -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom in the R 2 structure to form an ester or amide to form a 3'MVIP solid spport, and then by phosphoramidite solid-phase synthesis, 3'MVIP was introduced into the 3'end of the sense or antisense strand.
  • the heterocyclic ring in the R structure is a pyrrole ring or a piperidine ring, which is connected to the linking chain D of 3'MVIP through a nitrogen heteroatom in the ring, and an exemplary structure of 3'MVIP solid spport is as follows:
  • the linker B part in the above-mentioned monomer is branched 1 to 4 times respectively to obtain the corresponding Solid Support.
  • R 2 is -B 4 (CH 2 ) x1 CH(OH)(CH 2 ) x 2 CH 2 B 5 -, wherein x1 is an integer from 1 to 4, x2 is an integer from 0 to 4, and B 4 and B 5 are -NH-, sulfur atom or oxygen atom, respectively.
  • the linker B part in the above-mentioned monomer is branched 1 to 4 times respectively to obtain the corresponding Solid Support.
  • R 2 is -NHCH 2 CH(OH)CH 2 O-.
  • the linker B part in the above-mentioned monomer is branched 1 to 4 times respectively to obtain the corresponding Solid Support.
  • the 3' MVIP solid support structure is as follows:
  • the combination of (XL) n - BD- and R1 in the 5'MVIP ligand structure is shown in Table 3.
  • the 3' MVIP may be absent, in which case n may be 2-4.
  • the (XL) m -BD- in the 3'MVIP ligand structure is combined with R as shown in Table 4 .
  • the lengths of the sense strand and the antisense strand in the RNA inhibitor structure provided by the present invention are 15-30, preferably 19-23, and are at least 85% complementary to each other.
  • the sense and antisense strands of RNA inhibitors can be modified without affecting the activity or even enhancing the activity. The entire chain or part of it is modified, preferably all of it.
  • the modification is a technique that is easily understood by researchers in the field, and can be selected from any one or more of the following in the sugar moiety: deoxyribonucleotides, nucleotide mimics, abasic nucleotides, 2 '-modified nucleotides, 3' to 3' linked (inverted) nucleotides, nucleotides containing unnatural bases, bridging nucleotides, peptide nucleic acids (PNA), unlocked nucleobase analogs, locked Nucleotides, 3'-O-methoxy (2' internucleoside linkage) nucleotides, 2'-F-arabinose nucleotides, 5'-Me/2'-Fluoroband nucleotides, Linonucleotides, vinylphosphonate deoxyribonucleotides, vinylphosphonate-containing nucleotides, and cyclopropylphosphonate-containing nucleotides.
  • 2'-modified nucleotides include but are not limited to: 2'-O-methyl nucleotides, 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoronucleotides, 2'-deoxynucleotides, 2'-methyl nucleotides Oxyethyl nucleotides, 2'-amino nucleotides and 2'-alkyl nucleotides.
  • RNA inhibitor provided by the present invention, neither the sense strand nor the antisense strand of the RNA inhibitor need to be uniformly modified, and more than one modification can be incorporated into a single nucleotide of the RNA inhibitor.
  • the modified nucleobases include synthetic and natural nucleobases such as 5-substituted pyrimidines, 6-azapyrimidines and N-2/N-6 and O-6 Substituted purine, 5-methylcytosine, 5-hydroxymethylcytosine, xanthine, hypoxanthine, 2-aminoadenine, 6-alkyl of adenine and guanine, 2- of adenine and guanine Alkyl and other alkyl derivatives, 2-thiouracil, 2-thiothymine, 2-thiocytosine, 5-halouracil, cytosine, 5-propynyluracil, 5- Propynylcytosine, 6-azouracil, 6-azocytosine, 6-azothymine, 5-uracil, 4-thiouracil, 8-halogen, 8-amino, 8-mercapto, 8-thioalkyl, 8-hydroxy and other 8-substituted aden
  • the sense strand and antisense strand of the RNA inhibitor of the present invention are 2'-O-methyl nucleotides and/or 2'-deoxy-2'-fluoronucleotides, and at least two consecutive A phosphorothioate bond exists between the nucleotides at the 5' end of the sense strand and the 3' end of the antisense strand, preferably the phosphorothioate bond between the 3 consecutive nucleotides at the end is thio-substituted.
  • RNA inhibitor when one single strand has 3'MVIP, the other single strand complementary to this single strand has 5'MVIP or 3'MVIP or no corresponding;
  • the other complementary single strand has 3'MVIP or 5'MVIP or none.
  • 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP can also be connected to the corresponding ends of the sense strand or antisense strand at the same time, that is, when the 5' end of the sense strand has 5'MVIP, the 3' end of the sense strand can also have 3'MVIP; When there is a 5' MVIP at the 5' end, the 3' end may also have a 3' MVIP.
  • 5'MVIP is placed at the 5'end of both the sense and antisense strands.
  • 3'MVIP is placed at the 3'end of both the sense and antisense strands.
  • different 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP combinations in Table 5 below are preferably inserted into different positions of the sense and/or antisense strand of the RNA inhibitor to investigate the effect on HBsAg levels of HBV.
  • RNA inhibitors of the present invention or pharmaceutically acceptable salts thereof are preferably prepared or synthesized in the form of carboxylate, sodium, triethylamine or other pharmaceutically acceptable salts.
  • the RNA inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof is more preferably its sodium salt or triethylamine salt.
  • the sense strand of the RNA inhibitor is selected from Table 6 below:
  • the sense strands of the RNA inhibitors described herein differ from each of the sequences in Table 6 by one, two, or three nucleotides.
  • the antisense strand of the RNA inhibitor is selected from Table 7 below:
  • the antisense strands of the RNA inhibitors described herein differ from each of the sequences in Table 7 by one, two, or three nucleotides.
  • the sense strand or antisense strand of the RNA inhibitor is selected from the following table 8:
  • the sense or antisense strands of the RNA inhibitors described herein differ from each of the sequences in Table 8 by one, two, or three nucleotides.
  • cell line HepG2.2.15 is used to assess the results obtained by placing the 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP at the corresponding ends of the sense strand (SEQ ID NO:2) and/or the antisense strand (SEQ ID NO:59).
  • SEQ ID NO:2 the sense strand
  • SEQ ID NO:59 the antisense strand
  • the combination 5'MVIP01/3'MVIP01, 5'MVIP01/3'MVIP17, 5'MVIP09/3'MVIP09 be placed at the 5' end of the sense strand and the 3' end of the antisense strand.
  • 5'MVIP01/3'MVIP09, 5'MVIP09/3'MVIP01 be placed at the 5' and 3' ends of the sense strand.
  • the present invention also provides an application of the above RNA inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof in the preparation of a medicament for the treatment of liver-derived diseases, wherein the liver-derived diseases include but are not limited to Hepatitis, liver tumor, liver cirrhosis, jaundice, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver, blood coagulation diseases, blood albumin and globulin related diseases, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, essential hypertension.
  • liver-derived diseases include but are not limited to Hepatitis, liver tumor, liver cirrhosis, jaundice, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver, blood coagulation diseases, blood albumin and globulin related diseases, hyperlipidemia, atherosclerosis, essential hypertension.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above-mentioned RNA inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient, the dosage form of which is oral, intravenous or subcutaneous or Intramuscular injection, preferably subcutaneous injection.
  • the present invention provides a pharmaceutical composition
  • a pharmaceutical composition comprising the above RNA inhibitor or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof and other drugs for treating hepatitis B.
  • Other drugs for the treatment of hepatitis B including but not limited to nucleoside analogs or interferons that have been clinically used, also include some candidate hepatitis B therapeutic drugs under investigation, such as immunomodulators.
  • the inhibitory effect of the RNA inhibitor of the present invention and the current first-line drug tenofovir used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B on HBV HBsAg was compared. The test results confirmed that the anti-hepatitis B drug nucleoside analog has no inhibitory effect on HBV HBsAg, and when used in combination, it does not affect the inhibitory effect of the RNA inhibitor of the present invention on HBsAg.
  • the RNA inhibitor of the present invention is used in combination with the current first-line drug entecavir or interferon used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B to investigate the inhibitory effect on HBV and whether there is mutual interference.
  • the experiment evaluated the inhibitory effect of the RNA inhibitor of the present invention in combination with different concentrations of entecavir or interferon on HBV in the widely used HepG2.2.15 cell line.
  • the sense strand is SEQ ID NO.: 146
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO.: 147
  • the RNA inhibitors of the present invention are used to investigate 4 common HBV subtypes A and B. , C and D types of inhibition.
  • differences in X, L, B, D, R1 and R2 in the 5'MVIP and/or 3'MVIP structure were examined using the cell line HepG2.2.15 for the RNA inhibitor sense strand (SEQ ID NO: 2), the corresponding end of the antisense strand (SEQ ID NO: 59), and evaluate the effect of the obtained RNA inhibitor on the HBsAg level reduction effect of HBV, when one of X, L, B, D, R 1 and R 2 is different , and other parts of the corresponding 5'MVIP and/or 3'MVIP are the same as those of 5'MVIP09/3'MVIP09.
  • cell line HepG2.2.15 was used to examine the effect of different liver-targeting specific ligands X on the effect of the RNA inhibitor on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV:
  • cell line HepG2.2.15 was used to investigate the effect of different branched chain L on the effect of the RNA inhibitor:
  • RNA inhibitors marked with * indicate that they are in the same 5'MVIP or 3'MVIP structure or the L structures of 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP are different from each other.
  • the effect of linker B on the effect of the RNA inhibitor on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV was investigated using the cell line HepG2.2.15:
  • RNA inhibitors marked with * indicate that the linker B structure between 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP is different from each other.
  • linker D the effect of linker D on the effect of the RNA inhibitor on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV was investigated using the cell line HepG2.2.15:
  • RNA inhibitors marked with * indicate that the D structures of the connecting strands between 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP are different.
  • cell line HepG2.2.15 was used to examine the effect of different transition points R 1 on the effect of the RNA inhibitor on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV:
  • R 1 code RNA inhibitor code R1 structure
  • cell line HepG2.2.15 was used to examine the effect of different transition points R 2 on the effect of the RNA inhibitor on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV:
  • the sequence of the RNA inhibitor Ky-22 of the present invention has been further optimized and adjusted, including the number of mers in the sequence, the number of allowed nucleotide differences, and the number of fluorine and terminal sulfur. , the effects of these adjustments on the effect of the RNA inhibitor in reducing the level of HBsAg and the persistence of the effect, the sequence is shown in Table 16.
  • the results of the embodiment show that, compared with Ky-22, Ky-2201 with a sense strand length of 21-mer does not significantly improve the level of HBsAg and the persistence of the effect, and even slightly reduces it. Therefore, the RNA inhibitor provided by the present invention
  • the length of the sense chain of the agent is most preferably 19-mer; compared with Ky-22, Ky-2203, which has a nucleotide change in each of the sense and antisense chains, has no significant effect on reducing the level of HBsAg and the persistence of the effect; On the basis of the design of Ky-2203, there is no significant difference in the effect of Ky-2204 with a sense chain length of 21-mer and Ky-2203; on the basis of Ky-2203, the number of fluorine substitutions is adjusted, and the number of fluorine substitutions is relatively small.
  • the effect of Ky-2208 is slightly better than that of Ky-2203; the RNA inhibitor Ky-2205 obtained by changing the two overhanging nucleotides at the 3' end of the sense strand of Ky-2204 and the two RNA inhibitors obtained by changing the 3' end of the antisense strand of Ky-22
  • the RNA inhibitor Ky-2206 obtained from 1 nucleotides and the RNA inhibitor Ky-2202 obtained by changing the two overhanging nucleotides at the 3' end of the sense strand of Ky-2201 have no significant difference with the effect before the transformation, indicating that the effect of the present invention RNA inhibitors allow for a difference of 1 to 3 nucleotides in each of the sense or antisense strands.
  • the chain length of the sense strand is 19-mer
  • the chain length of the antisense strand is 21-mer, and a difference of 1 to 3 nucleotides is allowed.
  • the RNA inhibitor Ky-2208 and the nucleoside analog tenofovir (TDF) were used in a transgenic mouse model to conduct a study on the comparison of the anti-hepatitis B virus efficacy and their combination.
  • the results show that tenofovir (TDF) does not have the effect of reducing HBsAg, and Ky-2208 can effectively reduce the level of HBsAg, the highest can be reduced by 99.98%, when used in combination with tenofovir (TDF), the RNA inhibitor of the present invention is effective. The effect is not affected.
  • the RNA inhibitor Ky-2208 provided by the present invention can reduce the level of HBsAg by 98.2-99.6% in AAV-HBV mice for about 140 days, and make it produce surface antibody HBsAb in vivo, showing functional Possibility of a cure for hepatitis B.
  • Fig. 1 is the high-resolution mass spectrum of ERCd-01-c2 synthesized in Example 1 1.1.5;
  • Fig. 2 is the high-resolution mass spectrum of 3' MVIP17-c1 synthesized in embodiment one 1.2.6;
  • Fig. 3 is the high-resolution mass spectrum of 5' MVIP09-ERCd-PFP-c2 synthesized in embodiment one 2.1.2;
  • Figure 4 is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of Ky-00 to Ky-26 in Example 2 and Example 1 on the level of HBsAg in cell line HepG2.2.15;
  • Figure 5 is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of Ky-27 to Ky-44 in Example 2, Example 2, on the level of HBsAg in cell line HepG2.2.15;
  • Fig. 6 is the influence of different X/L/D in embodiment 2 embodiment 3, 4 and 6 on the effect of RNA inhibitor to reduce the HBsAg level of HBV;
  • Example 7 is a graph showing the effect of linker B on the effect of RNA inhibitor on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV in Example 2 and Example 5;
  • Figure 8 is a graph showing the effect of different transition points R1/R2 on the effect of RNA inhibitors on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV in Example 2, Examples 7 and 8;
  • Figure 9 is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of Ky-22 in combination with entecavir or interferon on HBsAg in HepG2.2.15 cells in Example 2 and Example 9;
  • Figure 10 is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of Ky-22 in combination with entecavir or interferon on HBeAg in HepG2.2.15 cells in Example 2 and Example 9;
  • Figure 11 is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of Ky-22 in combination with entecavir or interferon on HBV DNA in HepG2.2.15 cells in Example 2 and Example 9;
  • Figure 12 is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of Ky-22 on 4 different genotypes (A, B, C, D) HBV cell lines in Example 2 and Example 10;
  • Figure 13 is a graph showing the effect of RNA inhibitors in Example 3, Example 1, on HBsAg inhibition in a HBV transgenic mouse model;
  • Figure 14 is a graph showing the inhibitory effect of Ky-22 sequence adjustment in Example 3 and Example 2 on HBsAg in HBV transgenic mice;
  • Figure 15 is a graph showing the results of the dose-efficiency investigation of Ky-2208 in Example 3, Example 3, on the AAV-HBV mouse model;
  • Figure 16 is a histogram of the HBsAb produced by Ky-2208 in Example 3, Example 3, on the AAV-HBV mouse model;
  • Figure 17 is a graph showing the results of the comparison and combination study of Ky-2208 and TDF in Example 3 and Example 4 in HBV-Tg mice.
  • RNA inhibitors with specific homogeneous or similar chemical structures are used for the treatment of different liver-derived diseases.
  • DMSO dimethyl sulfoxide
  • the Chinese name of DMF is N,N-dimethylformamide
  • HOBt 1-hydroxybenzotriazole
  • HBTU O-benzotriazole-tetramethylurea hexafluorophosphate
  • DIPEA N,N-diisopropylethylamine
  • the Chinese name of DCM is dichloromethane
  • the Chinese name of DMAP is 4-dimethylaminopyridine
  • DMT-CL 4,4'-dimethoxytriphenylchloromethane
  • the Chinese name of MEOH is methanol
  • the Chinese name of TBTU is O-benzotriazole-N,N,N',N'-tetramethylurea tetrafluoroboric acid;
  • solid phase carrier such as macroporous aminomethyl resin (Resin).
  • the RNA inhibitor of the present invention is obtained by the solid-phase phosphoramidite method to obtain the respective sense strand and antisense strand, and the sense strand and the corresponding antisense strand are annealed complementary to obtain the final product.
  • the basic steps of the solid-phase phosphoramidite method include: 1) Deprotection: remove the starting monomer Solid Support hydroxyl protecting group (DMTr); 2) Coupling: add the first phosphoramidite monomer, through the 3' to Coupling reaction occurs in the 5' direction; 3) Oxidation: the resulting nucleoside phosphite is oxidized to a more stable nucleoside phosphate (ie, trivalent phosphorus is oxidized to pentavalent phosphorus); 4) Blocking: the unreacted front In one step, the 5'-OH of the nucleotide monomer is blocked by adding a cap to prevent it from further participating in the reaction; the above steps are repeated until the access of the last phosphoramidite mono
  • Annealing accurately determines the concentration of the reconstituted solution of the sense strand and antisense strand. After mixing according to the equimolar concentration, add 1/20 volume of the 1M PBS solution to mix again, and heat the mixed system to 95 ° C for 5 minutes, then When the temperature was naturally cooled to 40°C or room temperature for 3 hours, HPLC was performed to detect the reaction. If the single-chain residue was less than 5%, the reaction was considered complete.
  • the solid support of 3' MVIP is used as the starting monomer for solid-phase synthesis, and the general formula of the solid spport of 3' MVIP is as follows:
  • the obtained Solid Support serves as the starting monomer for the solid-phase synthesis of the antisense strand of RNA inhibitor Ky-26 and the sense strand of Ky-39; when m is 2, the obtained Solid Support serves as an RNA inhibitor The solid-phase synthesis starting monomer of the sense strand of Ky-37 and the antisense strand of Ky-22 and Ky-2208; when m is 3, the resulting Solid Support serves as a solid-phase solid support for the antisense strand of the RNA inhibitor Ky-19 Phase synthesis of the starting monomers.
  • the 5'MVIP phosphoramidite monomer is the last phosphoramidite monomer synthesized as the sense strand or antisense strand in solid phase. body.
  • the general formula of 5'MVIP phosphoramidite monomer is as follows:
  • n is 1-4
  • the B part of the general formula is branched 1 to 4 times, respectively, to obtain the corresponding 5' MVIP phosphoramidite monomer.
  • the resulting 5'MVIP phosphoramidite monomer serves as the last monomer in the solid-phase synthesis of the sense strands of RNA inhibitors Ky-19, Ky-26 and Ky-37; when n is equal to 2, the resulting The 5' MVIP phosphoramidite monomer of Ky-39, Ky-22, and Ky-2208 was used as the last monomer in the solid-phase synthesis of the sense strands.
  • the sense strands and antisense strands of the RNA inhibitors described in the present invention need to be chemically synthesized before the phosphoramidite solid-phase synthesis of the corresponding 3'MVIP Solid Support and 5'MVIP phosphoramidite monomers.
  • the chemical synthesis process is described as follows:
  • ERCd-01-c1 (3.24 g, 2.6 mmol) was dissolved in methanol (60 mL), 10% palladium on carbon (0.3 g), and acetic acid (2.0 mL) were added. Then hydrogenation was added under normal pressure, and the reaction was carried out overnight. The reaction solution was filtered with celite, and the filtrate was evaporated to dryness under reduced pressure to obtain 22.9 g of an oily substance ERCd-01-c, the high-resolution mass spectrum of which is shown in Figure 1 .
  • 3'MVIP09-c1 (1.62 g, 1 ⁇ mol) and 10 mL of DCM were sequentially added to the reaction flask, and the mixture was stirred and dissolved at room temperature. Then DMAP (0.366 g) and succinic anhydride (0.2 g, 3 ⁇ mol) were added in sequence, and the reaction was stirred at room temperature. TLC Analysis, the reaction was qualified and concentrated to remove DCM, add water, extract with DCM, the organic phase was washed with saturated brine, the organic phase was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, concentrated, and finally purified by silica gel column to obtain 1.55g of product.
  • the synthesis steps refer to the synthesis of 1.1.6.3' MVIP09-c1 in Example 1, and the high-resolution mass spectrum of the synthesized 3' MVIP17-c1 is shown in Figure 2.
  • the synthesis steps refer to the synthesis of 1.1.7.3' MVIP09-c2 in Example 1.
  • Synthesis steps refer to the Solid Support synthesis of 1.1.8 3' MVIP09 in Example 1.
  • the synthesis steps refer to the synthesis of 1.1.6.3' MVIP09-c1 in Example 1.
  • the synthesis steps refer to the synthesis of 1.1.7.3' MVIP09-c2 in Example 1.
  • Synthesis steps refer to the Solid Support synthesis of 1.1.8.3' MVIP09 in Example 1.
  • ERCd-01-c2 (2.18g, 2.0mmol) and dissolve it in DMF (50mL), add glutaric acid monobenzyl ester (0.53g, 2.4mmol), DIPEA (0.78g) and TBTU (0.84g), stir at room temperature Overnight, quenched with water (50 mL), extracted with DCM (30 mL*3), washed with 10% citric acid (50 mL*3), saturated sodium bicarbonate 50 mL and pyridine 100 mL, dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtered, rotary evaporated, and passed through column Purified product 5'MVIP09-ERCd-PFP-c1 (2.15g).
  • the phosphoramidite monomer of 5'MVIP01 was weighed YICd-01-c2 (1.12 g, 2.0 mmol), and the remaining operations were referred to 2.1.1. ⁇ 2.1.5.
  • Example 1 Using cell line HepG2.2.15 to evaluate the effect of RNA inhibitors obtained by coupling 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP to different ends of the sense and antisense strands in reducing HBV HBsAg levels.
  • RNA inhibitors Ky-00-Ky-26 prepare the corresponding RNA inhibitors Ky-00-Ky-26 according to the method described in Example 1, and prepare DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • the medium containing 0.05, 0.5, 5 nM RNA inhibitor samples was prepared with the culture medium.
  • HepG2.2.15 cells were seeded at a density of 10 5 cells, 10% fetal bovine serum DMEM medium, 37°C, 5% CO 2 . After culturing for 24 hours, the above RNA inhibitor samples at different concentrations were added to intervene. After 72 hours of incubation, the supernatant was taken.
  • HBsAg detection kit (Shanghai Kehua, ELISA method) was used to compare the supernatant of HepG2.2.15 cells without intervention, and the relative percentage of HBsAg in the intervention group was calibrated.
  • Example 2 Evaluation of simultaneous placement of 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP on both ends of the sense or antisense strand of RNA inhibitor or simultaneous placement of 5'MVIP or 3'MVIP on the antisense strand using cell line HepG2.2.15 The same end as the sense strand, such as the 3' end or the 5' end, was examined for the effect of the resulting RNA inhibitor on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV.
  • RNA inhibitors Ky-27-Ky-44 Prepare the corresponding RNA inhibitors Ky-27-Ky-44 according to the method described in Example 1, and prepare DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • the medium containing 0.05, 0.5, 5 nM RNA inhibitor samples was prepared with the culture medium.
  • HepG2.2.15 cells were seeded at a density of 10 5 cells, 10% fetal bovine serum DMEM medium, 37°C, 5% CO 2 . After culturing for 24 hours, the above RNA inhibitor samples at different concentrations were added to intervene. After 72 hours of incubation, the supernatant was taken.
  • HBsAg detection kit (Shanghai Kehua, ELISA method) was used to compare the supernatant of HepG2.2.15 cells without intervention, and the relative percentage of HBsAg in the intervention group was calibrated. The obtained test data are shown in Figure 5.
  • Example 3 Using the cell line HepG2.2.15 to evaluate the effect of different liver-targeting specific ligands X on the effect of RNA inhibitors on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV
  • RNA inhibitors The effects of different liver-targeting specific ligands X on the effect of RNA inhibitors on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV were investigated.
  • the sense strand in the RNA inhibitor involved in the test is SEQ ID NO: 2
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 59
  • the 5' end of the sense strand is coupled with 5' MVIP
  • the 3' end of the antisense strand is coupled with 3' MVIP .
  • RNA inhibitor Prepare the corresponding RNA inhibitor according to the method described in Example 1, and prepare DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • the medium containing 10 nM RNA inhibitor samples was prepared with the culture medium.
  • HepG2.2.15 cells were inoculated at a density of 10 5 cells, 10% fetal bovine serum DMEM medium, 37°C, 5% CO 2 , after culturing for 24 h, drug intervention was added, and after 72 h of incubation, the supernatant was taken, and the HBsAg detection kit ( Shanghai Kehua, ELISA method), compared with the supernatant of untreated HepG2.2.15 cells, the relative percentage of HBsAg in the intervention group was calibrated.
  • RNA inhibitor is preferably N-acetylgalactosamine and its derivatives as ligands.
  • Example 4 Using cell line HepG2.2.15 to evaluate the effect of different branched chain L on the effect of RNA inhibitors on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV
  • the sense strand in the RNA inhibitor involved in the test is SEQ ID NO: 2
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 59
  • the 5' end of the sense strand is coupled with 5' MVIP
  • the 3' end of the antisense strand is coupled with 3' MVIP .
  • RNA inhibitor Prepare the corresponding RNA inhibitor according to the method described in Example 1, and prepare DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • the medium containing 10 nM RNA inhibitor samples was prepared with the culture medium.
  • HepG2.2.15 cells were inoculated at a density of 10 5 cells, 10% fetal bovine serum DMEM medium, 37°C, 5% CO 2 , after culturing for 24 h, drug intervention was added, and after 72 h of incubation, the supernatant was taken, and the HBsAg detection kit ( Shanghai Kehua, ELISA method), compared with the supernatant of untreated HepG2.2.15 cells, the relative percentage of HBsAg in the intervention group was calibrated.
  • the obtained test data are shown in Figure 6.
  • the results show that the length of L has a great influence on the effect of RNA inhibitors, and the L chain should not be too short or too long; Acyl groups, aliphatic carbocyclic groups such as cyclohexane or a combination of these groups, or in the same 5'MVIP, 3'MVIP structure or 5'MVIP and 3'MVIP are different from each other in L structure, and the chain length is C7 In the range of -C18, the RNA inhibitors obtained have little difference in reducing the HBsAg level of HBV.
  • Example 5 Using the cell line HepG2.2.15 to evaluate the effect of linker B on the effect of RNA inhibitors on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV
  • RNA inhibitors Ky-22, Ky-22-B2 ⁇ Ky-22-B7, Ky-19, Ky-19-B2 ⁇ Ky-19 -B12, Ky-26, Ky-26-B2 ⁇ Ky-26-B7, Ky-37, Ky-37-B2 ⁇ Ky-37-B6, Ky-39, Ky-39-B2 ⁇ Ky-39-B6 , X, L, D, and R 1 /R 2 were identical to those in the combination 5'MVIP09/3'MVIP09, except for the structural changes in B.
  • the sense strand in the RNA inhibitor involved in the test is SEQ ID NO: 2
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 59
  • the 5' end of the sense strand is coupled with 5' MVIP
  • the 3' end of the antisense strand is coupled with 3' MVIP .
  • RNA inhibitor Prepare the corresponding RNA inhibitor according to the method described in Example 1, and prepare DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • the medium containing 10 nM RNA inhibitor samples was prepared with the culture medium.
  • HepG2.2.15 cells were inoculated at a density of 10 5 cells, 10% fetal bovine serum DMEM medium, 37°C, 5% CO 2 , after culturing for 24 h, drug intervention was added, and after 72 h of incubation, the supernatant was taken, and the HBsAg detection kit ( Shanghai Kehua, ELISA method), compared with the supernatant of untreated HepG2.2.15 cells, the relative percentage of HBsAg in the intervention group was calibrated.
  • Example 6 Using the cell line HepG2.2.15 to evaluate the effect of linker D on the effect of RNA inhibitors on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV
  • RNA inhibitors Ky-22, Ky-22-D2 ⁇ Ky-22-D5 except for the structural changes of D, X, L, B and R 1 /R 2 is consistent with that in the most preferred MVIP combination 5'MVIP09/3' MVIP09.
  • the sense strand in the RNA inhibitor involved in the test is SEQ ID NO: 2
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 59
  • the 5' end of the sense strand is coupled with 5' MVIP
  • the 3' end of the antisense strand is coupled with 3' MVIP .
  • RNA inhibitor Prepare the corresponding RNA inhibitor according to the method described in Example 1, and prepare DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • the medium containing 10 nM RNA inhibitor samples was prepared with the culture medium.
  • HepG2.2.15 cells were inoculated at a density of 10 5 cells, 10% fetal bovine serum DMEM medium, 37°C, 5% CO 2 , after culturing for 24 h, drug intervention was added, and after 72 h of incubation, the supernatant was taken, and the HBsAg detection kit ( Shanghai Kehua, ELISA method), compared with the supernatant of untreated HepG2.2.15 cells, the relative percentage of HBsAg in the intervention group was calibrated.
  • Example 7 Using the cell line HepG2.2.15 to evaluate the effect of different R 1 on the effect of RNA inhibitors on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV
  • RNA inhibitors Ky-22, Ky-22-R1-1 ⁇ Ky-22-R1-5 except for the structural changes of R 1 , X, L, B, D and R2 are identical to those in the most preferred MVIP combination 5'MVIP09/3'MVIP09.
  • the sense strand in the RNA inhibitor involved in the test is SEQ ID NO: 2
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 59
  • the 5' end of the sense strand is coupled with 5' MVIP
  • the 3' end of the antisense strand is coupled with 3' MVIP .
  • RNA inhibitor Prepare the corresponding RNA inhibitor according to the method described in Example 1, and prepare DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • the medium containing 10 nM RNA inhibitor samples was prepared with the culture medium.
  • HepG2.2.15 cells were inoculated at a density of 10 5 cells, 10% fetal bovine serum DMEM medium, 37°C, 5% CO 2 , after culturing for 24 h, drug intervention was added, and after 72 h of incubation, the supernatant was taken, and the HBsAg detection kit ( Shanghai Kehua, ELISA method), compared with the supernatant of untreated HepG2.2.15 cells, the relative percentage of HBsAg in the intervention group was calibrated.
  • Example 8 Using the cell line HepG2.2.15 to evaluate the effect of different R2 on the effect of RNA inhibitors on reducing the HBsAg level of HBV
  • RNA inhibitors Ky-22, Ky-22-R2-1 ⁇ Ky-22-R2-11 except for the change of R 2 structure, X, L, B, D and R1 are identical to those in the most preferred MVIP combination 5'MVIP09/3'MVIP09.
  • the corresponding RNA inhibitor was prepared according to the method described in Example 1.
  • the sense strand in the RNA inhibitor involved in the test is SEQ ID NO: 2
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 59
  • the 5' end of the sense strand is coupled with 5' MVIP
  • the 3' end of the antisense strand is coupled with 3' MVIP .
  • RNA inhibitor Prepare the corresponding RNA inhibitor according to the method described in Example 1, and prepare DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • the medium containing 10 nM RNA inhibitor samples was prepared with the culture medium.
  • HepG2.2.15 cells were inoculated at a density of 10 5 cells, 10% fetal bovine serum DMEM medium, 37°C, 5% CO 2 , after culturing for 24 h, drug intervention was added, and after 72 h of incubation, the supernatant was taken, and the HBsAg detection kit ( Shanghai Kehua, ELISA method), compared with the supernatant of untreated HepG2.2.15 cells, the relative percentage of HBsAg in the intervention group was calibrated.
  • Example 9 Ky-22 is used in combination with the current first-line drug entecavir or interferon used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B to investigate whether there is mutual interference on the inhibitory effect of HBV
  • ETV entecavir
  • IFN-a interferon
  • the sense strand in the RNA inhibitor Ky-22 involved in the test is SEQ ID NO: 2
  • the antisense strand is SEQ ID NO: 59
  • the 5' end of the sense strand is coupled to 5' MVIP
  • the 3' end of the antisense strand is coupled 3' MVIP.
  • DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum was prepared.
  • the medium containing 10 nM RNA inhibitor Ky-22 samples was prepared with the culture medium.
  • HepG2.2.15 cells were inoculated at a density of 10 5 cells, 10% fetal bovine serum DMEM medium, 37°C, 5% CO 2 , after culturing for 24 hours, drug intervention was added, and after 72 hours of incubation, the supernatant was collected to detect HBsAg, HBeAg, and HBV DNA , compared with the supernatant of unintervention HepG2.2.15 cells, the relative percentages of HBsAg, HBeAg and HBV DNA in the intervention group were calibrated.
  • the dosing concentration is:
  • ETV 10 ⁇ M, 1 ⁇ M, 0.1 ⁇ M
  • IFN-a 1000IU/mL, 100IU/mL, 10IU/mL;
  • ETV+Ky-22 10 ⁇ M+0.125 ⁇ g/mL, 1 ⁇ M+0.125 ⁇ g/mL, 0.1 ⁇ M+0.125 ⁇ g/mL;
  • IFN-a+Ky-22 1000IU/mL+0.125 ⁇ g/mL, 100IU/mL+0.125 ⁇ g/mL, 10IU/mL+0.125 ⁇ g/mL
  • RNA inhibitor Ky-22 The effects of RNA inhibitor Ky-22 on HBsAg and HBeAg levels in HepG2.2.15 cells are shown in Figure 9 and Figure 10, respectively.
  • the results showed that entecavir or interferon alone had no significant inhibitory effect on HBsAg and HBeAg, while entecavir or interferon combined with Ky-22 showed significant inhibitory effect on HBsAg and HBeAg, and the degree of inhibition was not related to the concentration of entecavir or interferon. sex.
  • RNA inhibitors of the present invention can be used in combination with entecavir and interferon.
  • HBV1.3 ploidy genes of 4 different genotypes (A, B, C, D) were analyzed by Gibson Master Mix is connected to PT2/HB vector, and red fluorescent protein and puromycin resistance gene are connected at the same time, which are used as markers for cell line selection; the constructed plasmids are respectively mixed with pCMV(CAT)T7-SB100 using transfection reagent X- tremeGENE HP DNA Transfection Reagent was co-transfected into HepG2 cells.
  • the transfection method was as follows: according to the instructions, prepare a transfection system required for cell transfection in a 10cm culture dish, rest for 20 minutes, and digest HepG2 cells with a confluence of 70%. A cell suspension was formed, added to the prepared transfection system, mixed evenly, and then placed in an incubator for culture. 48h after transfection, 2 ⁇ g/mL puromycin resistance was used for screening, cells that did not express puromycin resistance, that is, cells that did not integrate HBV, died, and cells that integrated HBV were amplified and sorted by flow cytometry in red Cells with high fluorescence intensity, that is, cells with high HBV integrated copy number, obtained 4 HBV stable integrated cell lines of different genotypes.
  • Example 1 Study on the effect of RNA inhibitors on reducing HBsAg in HBV transgenic mouse model
  • RNA inhibitors Ky-08, Ky-10, Ky-13, Ky-19, Ky-21, Ky-22, Ky-23, Ky-26, Ky-27 were prepared according to the method described in Example 1 , Ky-29, Ky-37 and Ky-39, 65 HBV transgenic mice, male, weighing 25-35g, and 8-10w weeks old, were selected and raised in SPF standard animal room, humidity 16-26°C , temperature 40 ⁇ 70%, cycle light (light and dark for 12 hours), free food and water.
  • mice were tested for HBV HBsAg before grouping, randomly grouped according to the expression of HBV HBsAg, and the average level of HBV HBsAg in each group was kept as consistent as possible.
  • the mice were divided into 13 groups, 5 mice in each group, control group (physiological saline), administration group 1-administration group 12. The doses were all 3 mg/kg, single administration, and the day of administration was set as d0.
  • the mice in each group were subcutaneously injected with the corresponding test solution at 0.04 mL/10 g. Animals were observed for 4-6 weeks, and the blood collection time points were d0, d7, d14, d21, d28, d35 and d42.
  • Whole blood was collected from the orbital venous plexus of mice in each group at each blood collection time, centrifuged at 3000 ⁇ g for 5 min, and the supernatant was collected to detect the expression of HBV HBsAg.
  • HBsAg levels of animals in each administration group were normalized to the pre-administration and control groups, and the experimental data are shown in Figure 13 .
  • RNA inhibitor of the present invention shows a significant reduction effect on the level of HBV HBsAg in the first three weeks, and the best reduction rate can reach 99.8%. Due to the different coupling positions with 5'MVIP and or 3'MVIP, the duration of the HBsAg-reducing effect of each RNA inhibitor was inconsistent, among which Ky-19, Ky-22, Ky-26, Ky-29, Ky-37 And Ky-39 still maintained the effect of reducing HBV HBsAg level by more than 93% on d28, and Ky-22 had the best continuous effect, and maintained the effect of reducing HBV HBsAg level by more than 91% on d35.
  • RNA inhibitors Ky-22, Ky-2201 ⁇ Ky-2208 were prepared according to the method described in Example 1, and 50 HBV transgenic mice, male, weighing 25-35g, and 8-13w were selected, The animals were reared in an animal room conforming to the SPF standard, with a humidity of 16 to 26° C., a temperature of 40 to 70%, a cycle of light (12 hours in light and dark), and free access to food and water.
  • mice were tested for HBV HBsAg before grouping, randomly grouped according to the expression of HBV HBsAg, and the average level of HBV HBsAg in each group was kept as consistent as possible.
  • the mice were divided into 10 groups, 5 mice in each group, the control group (physiological saline) and the administration group (9 groups).
  • the administration dose was 3 mg/kg, single administration, and the day of administration was set as d0.
  • the mice in each group were subcutaneously injected with the corresponding test liquid at 0.04 mL/10 g on d0.
  • the animals were observed for 6 weeks, and the blood collection time points were d0, d7, d14, d21, d28, d35 and d42.
  • Whole blood was collected from the orbital venous plexus of mice in each group at each blood collection time, centrifuged at 3000 ⁇ g for 5 min, and the supernatant was collected to detect the expression of HBV HBsAg.
  • the HBsAg levels of animals in each administration group were normalized to pre-dose and control groups.
  • the experimental data is shown in Figure 14.
  • the implementation results show that compared with Ky-22, Ky-2201 with a sense chain length of 21-mer does not significantly improve the level of HBsAg and the persistence of the effect, and even slightly reduces it.
  • the length of the sense chain of the RNA inhibitor provided by the invention is most preferably 19-mer; compared with Ky-22, Ky-2203 with one nucleotide change in each of the sense and antisense chains reduces the level of HBsAg and the effect is persistent
  • Ky-2203 there is no significant difference in the effect of Ky-2204 and Ky-2203 with a sense chain length of 21-mer;
  • the effect of Ky-2208 with a relatively small number of generations is slightly better than that of Ky-2203;
  • the RNA inhibitors Ky-2205 and Ky-2206 obtained by changing the two overhanging nucleotides at the 3' end of the sense strand or antisense strand are similar to the change There is no significant difference in the pro-action effect; it shows that the RNA inhibitor of the
  • the chain length of the sense strand is 19-mer
  • the chain length of the antisense strand is 21-mer, and a difference of 1 to 3 nucleotides is allowed.
  • Example 3 In the AAV-HBV mouse model, the dose-response of Ky-2208, the reducing effect of single-dose repeated administration on HBsAg and whether it can produce surface antibody HBsAb were investigated
  • mice of the appropriate age were taken and raised in a barrier facility for about 7 days. The experiment was carried out after daily observation and no obvious abnormality.
  • the HBV virus was first thawed at 4°C, and rAAV8-1.3HBV (Wujiahe Company, ayw, virus batch number: A2020051801) was injected into the tail vein of mice with an insulin syringe, and each mouse was injected with 1 ⁇ 10 11 vg. Blood collection, centrifugation and serum collection of animals were performed on the 4th week after modeling and the HBsAg index was detected. 6 weeks after modeling, blood was collected to detect HBsAg in serum.
  • mice were randomly divided into 5 groups, and the average level of HBsAg in each group was kept as consistent as possible.
  • the administration started in the second week after grouping, and blood was collected to detect HBsAg on the day of administration, which was set as day d0.
  • the dosing information and blood collection points of each group are as follows:
  • HBsAg levels of animals in each administration group were normalized to those before administration and those in the control group, and the obtained experimental data for HBsAg and HBsAb are shown in Figure 15 and Figure 16, respectively.
  • Example 4 Comparative study and combined use of Ky-2208 and tenofovir (TDF), the current first-line drug used in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B, to investigate the HBsAg inhibitory effect on HBV and whether there is interference in the HBV transgenic mouse model
  • HBV-Tg male mice weighing 25-35g, aged 8-13w, were raised in an animal room meeting the SPF standard, humidity 16-26°C, temperature 40-70%, and cyclic light (bright and dark). 12 hours each) with free access to food and water.
  • the solvent for compound preparation is physiological saline, and the working solution concentration is 0.75 mg/mL.
  • HBV HBsAg was detected before animal grouping, and 48 male mice were randomly divided into 6 groups according to the expression of HBV HBsAg, with 8 mice in each group, and the average level of HBV HBsAg in each group was kept as consistent as possible.
  • the experiment consisted of 6 groups, divided into 1 control group (0.9% normal saline) and 5 administration groups.
  • mice in each group were given the corresponding test solution by subcutaneous injection of 0.04mL/10g on d0.
  • Whole blood was collected through the orbital venous plexus of mice on d0 before administration, d7, d14, d21, and d28 after administration, respectively, centrifuged at 3000 ⁇ g for 5 min, and the supernatant was collected, and samples were sent to detect HBV on d0, d7, d14, d21, and d28.
  • HBsAg HBsAg.
  • sc is for subcutaneous injection, and po is for gavage.
  • the experimental data obtained are shown in Figure 17.
  • the test results confirmed that the nucleoside analog anti-hepatitis B drug TDF has no inhibitory effect on HBV HBsAg, and when used in combination, it does not affect the inhibitory effect of the RNA inhibitor of the present invention on HBsAg.
  • Using Ky-2208 alone or Ky-2208 in combination with TDF can reduce the level of HBsAg by 99.95% and 99.98%, respectively.

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Abstract

提供了一种抑制乙型肝炎病毒基因表达的RNA抑制剂及其应用，该RNA抑制剂由正义链和反义链通过碱基配对形成，正义链和反义链彼此之间至少85％碱基互补，且部分或全部核苷酸糖基2'位的-OH被氟或甲氧基取代，末端至少有连续3个核苷酸之间的磷酸酯被硫代。该RNA抑制剂的结构中还含有5'MVIP和3'MVIP，使所述RNA抑制剂具有特异性的肝靶向。该RNA抑制剂可持续抑制HBV表面抗原HBsAg的合成，并有表面抗体HBsAb产生，对HBV最常见的A、B、C和D型都具有抑制作用，与核苷类似物或干扰素联合使用可功能性治愈乙型肝炎。

Description

一种抑制乙型肝炎病毒基因表达的RNA抑制剂及其应用 技术领域
本发明属于生物化学领域，具体涉及一种抑制乙型肝炎病毒基因表达的RNA抑制剂及其应用，所述的RNA抑制剂由正义链和反义链通过碱基配对形成，正义链和反义链彼此之间至少85％碱基互补，且部分或全部核苷酸糖基2’位的-OH被氟或甲氧基取代，末端至少有连续3个核苷酸之间的磷酸酯被硫代。本发明的RNA抑制剂的结构中还含有使所述RNA抑制剂具有肝靶向特异性的结构5’MVIP和3'MVIP，其中5’MVIP偶联在所述RNA抑制剂正义链和/或反义链5’末端，3’MVIP偶联在所述RNA抑制剂反义链和/或正义链3’末端，5’MVIP和3’MVIP都包含有肝靶向特异性配体X、支链L、接头B和连接链D，5’MVIP还包含与所述RNA抑制剂正义链或反义链5’末端连接的转接点R 1，3’MVIP还包含与所述RNA抑制剂正义链或反义链3’末端连接的转接点R 2，所述肝靶向特异性配体X、支链L或接头B在5’MVIP与3’MVIP各自的内部或5’MVIP与3’MVIP之间可以相同，也可以不同。本发明提供的RNA抑制剂具有当前临床一线乙型肝炎治疗药物所不具有的功效，可以直接破坏HBV mRNA作为翻译模板的功能，阻止HBV表面抗原HBsAg的合成。另外，本发明的RNA抑制剂对HBV最常见的A、B、C和D型都有显著的抑制作用；可以与核苷类似物及干扰素联合使用；可以持续高效地使HBV小鼠的HBsAg的表达水平减少，并产生表面抗体HBsAb，可以功能性治愈乙型肝炎。
背景技术
RNAi
RNAi(RNA干扰)于1998年由安德鲁·法厄(Andrew Z.Fire)等在秀丽隐杆线虫中进行反义RNA抑制实验时发现，并将这一过程称为RNAi。这一发现被《Science》杂志评为2001年的十大科学进展之一，并名列2002年十大科学进展之首。自此以后，以RNAi为作用机理的RNA抑制剂作为潜在的基因治疗药物得到人们广泛的关注，2006年，安德鲁·法厄与克雷格·梅洛(Craig C.Mello)由于在RNAi机制研究中的贡献获得了诺贝尔生理或医学奖。RNAi在许多生物(包括动物、植物和真菌)中都可由双链RNA(dsRNA)触发，在RNAi过程中，一种称为“Dicer”的核酸内切酶将长链dsRNA切割或“切丁”成21～25个核苷酸长的小片段。这些小片段，被称为小干扰RNA(RNA抑制剂)，其中的反义链(Guide strand)被加载到Argonaute蛋白(AGO2)上。AGO2加载发生在RISC-loading复合物中，这是一个三元复合物，由Argonaute蛋白、Dicer和dsRNA结合蛋白(简称为TRBP)组成。在装载过程中，正义链(Passenger strand)链被AGO2裂解并排出。然后，AGO2使用反义链与包含完全互补序列的mRNA结合，然后催化这些mRNA的切割，致使mRNA分裂丧失翻译模板的作用，进而阻止相关蛋白质的合成。切割后，被切割的mRNA被释放，加载着反义链的RISC-loading复合物被循环用于另一轮的切割。
乙型肝炎是由乙型肝炎病毒持续感染超过6个月以上，肝脏发生不同程度炎症坏死(或)纤维化的疾病。据世界卫生组织估计全世界已大约有20亿人感染，其中每年约4百万人急性感染，约3.5-4亿乙型肝炎感染者，非洲区和西太平洋占68％。全球每年约有1百万人死于乙型肝炎感染相关疾病，其中肝硬化占30％，原发性肝细胞癌占45％。我国肝硬化和原发性肝细胞癌患者中，由乙型肝炎病毒所致者分别为77％和84％。目前临床一线用药包括核苷类(NUC)和干扰素类药物，最主要药物仍是核苷类药物如拉米夫定、恩替卡韦、阿德福韦、替比夫定等。丙酚替诺福韦是最新上市的一款新的NUC类药物但因有可能造成肾功能损害，所以一定程度上限制了它的使用。核苷类药物具有生物利用度高、口服较安全的优势。然而，核苷类药物虽然能有效地控制病情，但长期使用均可出现耐药性，另外停药后出现HBVDNA、ALT及肝组织学的不同程度的反弹；且在长期使用核苷类药物后出现的较为明显的副作用，例如肾脏损伤、婴儿致畸等。病毒耐药株的出现是长期使用核苷类药物必须要面对的另一个副作用，耐药株的出现大大降低治愈率，甚至无效。因为核苷类药物对病毒复制是可逆的，所以对大部分患者若欲达到最大疗效，疗程必须在一年以上，如此其耐药性随之出现， 就达不到预期之效果。核苷类(NUC)药物需要天天服用，患者用药依从性差。
乙肝表面抗原(HBsAg)是乙肝病毒(HBV)的外壳蛋白，是作为第一可检测病毒的标志物。HBsAg阳性是判断HBV感染的金标准。对于乙肝患者，如在肝硬化前获HBsAg清除，则其肝硬化和肝细胞癌发生率将降低60倍。美国肝病研究协会AASLD、亚太肝脏研究协会APASL和欧洲肝脏研究协会EASL的指南中均将HBsAg血清清除作为治疗终点判定标准之一。另外，高水平抗原诱导免疫耐受，抗原HBsAg水平的减少可以恢复HBV感染的免疫学控制。目前，临床一线用药包括核苷类(NUC)和干扰素类药物都不具有降低抗原HBsAg水平效果，更谈不上清除HBsAg。
乙型肝炎的治疗目前仍然是个全球性的健康挑战。因此，本领域急需开发出新的治疗机理的抗HBV药物，通过高效持久降低抗原HBsAg水平，使乙型肝炎患者重新产生HBsAb抗体，最终可以被功能性治愈。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种抑制乙型肝炎病毒基因表达的RNA抑制剂及其应用，所述的RNA抑制剂由正义链和反义链通过碱基配对形成，正义链和反义链彼此之间至少85％碱基互补，且部分或全部核苷酸糖基2’位的-OH被氟或甲氧基取代，末端至少有连续3个核苷酸之间的磷酸酯被硫代，以增强其在体内的稳定性。本发明所述的RNA抑制剂的结构中还含有的5’MVIP和3'MVIP，使所述RNA抑制剂具有肝靶向特异性的结构，其中5’MVIP偶联在所述RNA抑制剂正义链和/或反义链5’末端，3’MVIP偶联在所述RNA抑制剂反义链和/或正义链3’末端，5’MVIP和3’MVIP都包含有肝靶向特异性配体X、支链L、接头B和连接链D，5’MVIP还包含与所述RNA抑制剂正义链或反义链5’末端连接的转接点R 1，3’MVIP还包含与所述RNA抑制剂正义链或反义链3’末端连接的转接点R 2，所述肝靶向特异性配体X、支链L或接头B在5’MVIP与3’MVIP各自的内部或5’MVIP与3’MVIP之间可以相同，也可以不同。本发明提供的RNA抑制剂具有当前临床一线乙型肝炎治疗药物所不具有的功效，可以直接破坏HBVmRNA作为翻译模板的功能，阻止HBV表面抗原HBsAg的形成。另外，本发明的RNA抑制剂对HBV最常见的A、B、C和D型都有显著的抑制作用，可以与核苷类似物及干扰素联合使用；可以持续高效使HBV小鼠的HBsAg的表达水平减少，并产生表面抗体HBsAb，可以功能性治愈乙型肝炎。与已有公开的同类技术相比较，本发明所述的RNA抑制剂最主要的特征是在体内可以产生表面抗体HBsAb，激发体内重新对HBV产生免疫力，实现功能性治愈乙型肝炎。
一方面，本发明提供了一种抑制乙型肝炎病毒基因表达的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，
所述RNA抑制剂由链长为15-30的正义链和反义链通过碱基配对形成，其中链长优选为19-23。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述正义链和反义链之间至少有85％的碱基互补；
所述正义链或反义链的部分或全部核苷酸糖基2’位的-OH可以被取代，其中，所述取代基团为氟或甲氧基；
且所述正义链或反义链的末端至少有3个相邻核苷酸之间的磷酸酯键可以硫代。
更优选地，所述正义链为如下所示的SEQ ID NO.1或与SEQ ID NO.1相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列，所述反义链为如下所示的SEQ ID NO.58或与SEQ ID NO.58相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列：
正义链：5'ggguuuuucucguugacaa 3'    SEQ ID NO.:1
反义链：5'uugucaacgagaaaaacccuu 3'   SEQ ID NO.:58
其中，g＝鸟苷酸，a＝腺苷酸，u＝尿苷酸，c＝胞苷酸。
或者，更优选地，所述正义链为如下所示的SEQ ID NO.140或与SEQ ID NO.140相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列，所述反义链为如下所示的SEQ ID NO.141或与SEQ ID NO.141相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列：
正义链：5'ggguuuuucuuguugacaa 3'     SEQ ID NO.:140
反义链：5'uugucaacaagaaaaacccuu 3'    SEQ ID NO.:141
其中，g＝鸟苷酸，a＝腺苷酸，u＝尿苷酸，c＝胞苷酸。
为了增强上述RNA抑制剂在体内的稳定性，在不影响其活性甚至增强其活性的情况下，可以对上述RNA抑制剂的正义链和反义链进行修饰，其中的核苷酸可以有修饰基团，可以整条链或者部分修饰。
在一个优选的技术方案中，所述RNA抑制剂修饰后的正义链为如下所示的SEQ ID NO.2或与SEQ ID NO.2相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列，其修饰后的反义链为如下所示的SEQ ID NO.59或与SEQ ID NO.59相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列：
正义链：5'Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A 3'    SEQ ID NO.:2
反义链：5'Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U 3'   SEQ ID NO.:59
其中，G＝2'-O-甲基鸟苷酸，A＝2'-O-甲基腺苷酸，U＝2'-O-甲基尿苷酸，C＝2'-O-甲基胞苷酸；Gs＝2'-O-甲基-3’-硫代鸟苷酸，As＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代腺苷酸，Us＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代尿苷酸，Cs＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代胞苷酸；fG＝2'-氟鸟苷酸，fA＝2'-氟腺苷酸，fU＝2'-氟尿苷酸，fC＝2'-氟胞苷酸；fGs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代鸟苷酸，fAs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代腺苷酸，fUs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代尿苷酸，fCs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代胞苷酸。
在另一个优选的技术方案中，所述RNA抑制剂修饰后的正义链为如下所示的SEQ ID NO.142或与SEQ ID NO.142相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列，其修饰后的反义链为如下所示的SEQ ID NO.143或与SEQ ID NO.143相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列：
正义链：5'Gs Gs G U fU U fU fU fC U U G U U G A Cs As A 3'    SEQ ID NO.:142
反义链：5'Us Us G U C A fA C A A G fA A fA A A C C Cs Us U 3'   SEQ ID NO.:143
其中，G＝2'-O-甲基鸟苷酸，A＝2'-O-甲基腺苷酸，U＝2'-O-甲基尿苷酸，C＝2'-O-甲基胞苷酸；Gs＝2'-O-甲基-3’-硫代鸟苷酸，As＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代腺苷酸，Us＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代尿苷酸，Cs＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代胞苷酸；fG＝2'-氟鸟苷酸，fA＝2'-氟腺苷酸，fU＝2'-氟尿苷酸，fC＝2'-氟胞苷酸；fGs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代鸟苷酸，fAs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代腺苷酸，fUs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代尿苷酸，fCs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代胞苷酸。
在上述技术方案中，优选地，所述RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐还含有5’MVIP和3’MVIP的组合，其中，
所述5’MVIP和3’MVIP为带有肝靶向特异性配体X的配体结构，其还包含支链L、接头B和连接链D；
所述5’MVIP偶联在所述正义链和/或反义链5’末端，其还包含与所述正义链或反义链5’末端连接的转接点R 1；
所述3’MVIP偶联在所述反义链和/或正义链3’末端，其包含与所述正义链或反义链3’末端连接的转接点R 2；
所述5’MVIP的结构如通式I所示，所述3’MVIP结构如通式II所示，
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000001
其中，
n和m分别为0-4的整数，优选为1-3的整数，且n+m＝2-6的整数，优选n+m＝2、3或4；
所述转接点R 1和R 2结构中带有-NH-、硫原子或氧原子，一般结构中至少有一个-NH-、硫原子或氧原子，R 1和R 2通过结构中-NH-、硫原子或氧原子分别与5'MVIP和3'MVIP的连接链D以及正义链和/或反义链5’末端和3'末端相连，从而引入肝靶向特异性配体X，所述转接点R 1和R 2可以是直链；带有支链的直链或者各种环状结构，环状结构如饱和或不饱和的脂肪族碳环基，或者含有硫、氧或氮原子的五元或六元杂环基或芳香烃基等等；
R 1优选为-NH(CH 2) xCH 2O-，其中x为3-12的整数，优选为4-6的整数；
R 2优选为-NH(CH 2) x1CH(OH)(CH 2) x2CH 2O-，其中x1为1-4的整数，x2为0-4的整数；
所述肝靶向特异性配体X，选自半乳糖、半乳糖胺、N-乙酰半乳糖胺及其衍生物，优选选自N-乙酰半乳糖胺及其衍生物，并且所述肝靶向特异性配体X在5’MVIP与3’MVIP各自的内部或5’MVIP与3’MVIP之间可以相同，也可以不同；
所述支链L是含有-NH-、C＝O、O、S、酰胺基、磷酰基、硫代磷酰基、C4-C10脂肪族碳环基、苯基或者这些基团的组合的C4-C18直链，所述直链可以带有乙基醇或羧酸类的侧链，所述支链L优选为含酰胺基或六元脂肪族碳环基的C7-C18直链，并且所述支链L在5’MVIP与3’MVIP各自的内部或5’MVIP与3’MVIP之间可以相同，也可以不同；
所述接头B选自以下结构：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000002
其中，A 1和A 2各自独立地是C、O、S、-NH-、羰基、酰胺基、磷酰基或硫代磷酰基，r为0-4的整数，并且所述接头B在5’MVIP与3’MVIP之间可以相同，也可以不同；
所述连接链D是含有-NH-、C＝O、O、S、酰胺基、磷酰基、硫代磷酰基、芳香烃基、C4-C10脂肪族碳环基、含1-3个氮的五元或六元杂环基或者这些基团的组合的C3-C18直链，所述C3-C18直链也可以带有甲基醇、甲基叔丁基、甲基苯酚基、C5-C6脂肪环基的侧链，所述连接链D优选为含两个C＝O、六元脂肪族碳环基或苯基的C3-C10直链。
具体地，在一些实施方案中，当n＝0(即不存在5’MVIP)时，所述MVIP的结构可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000003
在一些实施方案中，当n＝1时，所述MVIP的结构可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000004
在一些实施方案中，当n＝2时，所述MVIP的结构可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000005
在一些实施方案中，当n＝3时，所述MVIP的结构可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000006
在一些实施方案中，当n＝4时，所述MVIP的结构可以为：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000007
在一些实施方案中，所述的n是指同时放在所述RNA抑制剂的正义链和反义链5’末端5'MVIP中n之和，所述的m是指同时放在所述RNA抑制剂的正义链和反义链3’末端3'MVIP中m之和。
所述肝靶向特异性配体X选自用于增强肝细胞对RNA抑制剂的摄取的结构，可以是脂质、类固醇、维生素、糖、蛋白质、肽、多胺及肽模拟结构。在本发明提供的RNA抑制剂中，引入所述RNA抑制剂正义链或反义链末端的肝靶向特异性配体配体X可以相同，也可以不同，例如在特性上，有些可以是增强肝靶向性，有些可以是所述RNA抑制剂在体内药代动力学的调节结构，有些可以是具有体内溶解活性的结构。在一些实施方案中，所述肝靶向特异性配体X选自以下结构中的一种或多种单糖及其衍生物。
所述单糖选自以下结构中的一种或多种：甘露糖、半乳糖、D-阿拉伯糖、葡萄糖、果糖、木糖、葡糖胺、核糖。甘露糖选自以下结构中的一种或多种：D-吡喃甘露糖、L-吡喃甘露糖、α-D-呋喃甘露糖、β-D-呋喃甘露糖、α-D-吡喃甘露糖、β-D-吡喃甘露糖。半乳糖选自以下结构中的一种或多种：L-半乳糖、D-半乳糖、α-D-吡喃半乳糖、β-D-吡喃半乳糖、α-D-呋喃半乳糖、β-D-呋喃半乳糖。葡萄糖选自以下结构中的一种或多种：D-葡萄糖、L-葡萄糖、α-D-吡喃葡萄糖、β-D-吡喃葡萄糖、α-D-呋喃葡萄糖、β-D-呋喃葡萄糖。果糖选自以下结构中的一种或多种：α-D-呋喃果糖、α-D-吡喃果糖。木糖选自以下结构中的一种或多种：D-呋喃木糖、L-呋喃木糖。核糖选自以下结构中的一种或多种：核糖、D-核糖、L-核糖。单糖衍生物选自甘露糖衍生物、半乳糖衍生物、葡萄糖衍生物、核糖衍生物以及其他衍生物。半乳糖衍生物选自α-D-半乳糖胺、N-乙酰基半乳糖胺、4-硫代-β-D-吡喃半乳糖。葡萄糖衍生物可以选自2-氨基-3-O-[(R)-1-羧乙基]-2-脱氧-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖、2-脱氧-2-甲基氨基-L-吡喃葡萄糖、2-脱氧-2-磺氨基-D-吡喃葡萄糖、5-硫代-β-D-吡喃葡萄糖、2,3,4-三-O-乙酰基-1-硫代-6-O-三苯甲基-α-D-吡喃葡萄糖苷甲酯。核糖衍生物选自D-4-硫代核糖、L-4-硫代核糖的一种或多种。
在一些优选实施方案中，所述肝靶向特异性配体X选自半乳糖、半乳糖胺、N-乙酰半乳糖胺及其衍生物，其结构通式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000008
其中，W 1为氢或羟基保护基，可以相同也可以不同；W为-OH、-NHCOOH或-NHCO(CH 2) qCH 3，其中q为0-4的整数；W 2为-NH-、O、S或C。
在一些实施方案中，所述肝靶向特异性配体X优先选自以下结构中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000009
其中，W选自-OH、-NHCOOH或-NHCO(CH 2) qCH 3中的一种或两种，其中q为0-4的整数。
在一些实施方案中，所述肝靶向特异性配体X在同一个5'MVIP或3'MVIP结构中可以相同，也可以不同。
在一些实施方案中，5'MVIP与3'MVIP彼此之间的X可以相同，也可以不同。
所述支链L是含有-NH-、C＝O、O、S、酰胺基、磷酰基、硫代磷酰基、C4-C10脂肪族碳环基、苯基或者这些基团的组合的C4-C18的直链，所述直链可以带有乙基醇或羧酸类的侧链，所述支链L优选为含酰胺基或六元脂肪族碳环基的C7-C18直链，其长短或结构会影响到本发明所述的RNA抑制剂的活性。
在一些实施方案中，所述支链L在同一个5'MVIP或3'MVIP结构中可以相同，也可以不同。
在一些实施方案中，5'MVIP与3'MVIP彼此之间的支链L可以相同，也可以不同。
在一些实施方案中，所述支链L可以选自如下结构中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000010
其中，r1是1-12的正整数，r2为0-20的整数，Z为H或烷基或酰胺基，如C1-C5烷基、C1-C5的酰胺基，如甲酰胺等。
所述接头B的结构与能引入的特异性配体X的数量有关，接头B中含-NH-、C、O、S、酰胺基、磷酰基、硫代磷酰基，当n或m为1时，其为一条直链，当n或m为2、3或4时，其分叉的次数分别为2、3或4。所述接头B可以选自以下结构式：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000011
其中，A 1和A 2各自独立地是C、O、S、-NH-、羰基、酰胺基、磷酰基或硫代磷酰基，r为0-4的整数。
在一些实施方案中，当n或m为1、2、3或4时，所述接头B选自以下结构式：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000012
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000013
其中，r为0-4的整数。
在一些实施方案中，当n或m为1、2、3或4时，所述接头B选自以下结构式：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000014
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000015
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000016
在一些实施例中，所述接头B优先选自以下结构中的一种或几种：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000017
所述连接链D是含有-NH-、C＝O、O、S、酰胺基、磷酰基、硫代磷酰基、芳香烃基、C4-C10脂肪族碳环基、含1-3个氮的五元或六元杂环基或者这些基团的组合的C3-C18直链，所述C3-C18直链也可以带有甲基醇、甲基叔丁基、甲基苯酚基、C5-C6脂肪环基的侧链，所述连接链D优选为含两个C＝O、六元脂肪族碳环基或苯基的C3-C10直链。
在一些实施方案中，所述连接链D选自以下结构中的一种或几种：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000018
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000019
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000020
其中，每个n为1-20的正整数，且每个n为相同或不同的整数；；s为2-13的整数；Z 1和Z 2为相同或者不同的取代基团，如C3-C10烷基。
在一些实施方案中，所述连接链D优先选自以下结构中的一种：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000021
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000022
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000023
在一些实施方案中，所述连接链D优先选自以下结构中的一种或几种：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000024
在一些最优选实施方案中，所述连接链D为含两个C＝O的C3-C10直链。
在一些实施方案中，所述5’MVIP结构中的(X-L) n-B-D-和3’MVIP结构中的(X-L) m-B-D-选自以下结构中的一种或多种：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000025
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000026
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000027
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000028
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000029
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000031
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000032
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000033
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000034
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000035
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000036
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000037
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000038
在一些优选实施方案中，所述5’MVIP结构中的(X-L) n-B- D-选自表1中所示的结构：
表1：5’MVIP的(X-L) n-B-D-结构
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000039
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000040
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000041
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000042
在一些实施方案中，5’MVIP也可以不存在，这时候m可以为2-4的整数。
在一些优选实施方案中，所述3’MVIP结构中的(X-L) m-B-D-选自表2中所示的结构：
表2：3’MVIP的(X-L) m-B-D-结构
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000043
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000044
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000045
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000046
在本发明提供的RNA抑制剂中，所述5’MVIP还包含与所述正义链或反义链5’末端连接或偶联的转接点R 1，所述转接点R 1结构中带有-NH-、硫原子或氧原子，一般结构中至少有一个-NH-、硫原子或氧原子。R 1通过其结构中-NH-、硫原子或氧原子与5'MVIP的连接链D及正义链或反义链5’末端相连，从而引入肝靶向特异性配体X。所述转接点R 1可以是直链；带有酰胺基、羧基、烷基支链的直链或者各种环状结构，环状结构如饱和或不饱和的脂肪族碳环基，或者如含有硫、氧或氮原子的五元或六元杂环基或芳香烃基等等。
在一些实施方案中，R 1为-B 1(CH 2) xCH 2B 2-，其中x为3-10的整数，优选为4-6的整数，基团B 1和B 2可以分别为-NH-、硫原子或氧原子。
在一些实施方案中，R 1为-B 1(CH 2) xCH(B 3CH 3)B 2-，其中x为3-10的整数，B 1和B 2可以分别为-NH-、硫原子或氧原子，基团B 3为含氮、硫、氧或羧基或甲基类烷基的官能团。
在一些优选的实施方案中，R 1为-NH(CH 2) xCH 2O-，其中x为3-10的整数，优选为4-6的整数，可以通过以下两种亚磷酰胺单体引入：
i.其中的一个氧原子或硫原子用于R 1亚磷酰胺单体的合成，通过固相合成的方法接入RNA抑制剂单链的5’端。结构中-NH-、硫原子或氧原子用于与5'MVIP中的连接链D连接，从而在RNA抑制剂的5’端引入肝靶向特异性配体X。引入到RNA抑制剂5’端的单体示例性结构如下：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000047
在一些实施方案中，优选以下结构：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000048
ii.R 1结构中-NH-、硫原子或氧原子先与连接链D连接，另外一个-NH-、硫原子或氧原子用于5'MVIP亚磷酰胺单体的合成中与亚磷酰胺成酯，正义链或反义链5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体结构示例如下：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000049
在一些实施方案中，R 1为含有氮、硫或氧原子的杂环或碳环结构：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000050
在一些优选实施方案中，正义链或反义链5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体优选以下结构：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000051
当通式中n为1-4时，上述的单体中接头B部分分别支化1至4次，以获得对应的单体化合物，借助上述的单体化合物，肝靶向特异性配体X通过固相合成被引入到正义链或反义链5’末端。
在一些优选实施方案中，转接点R 1优选为-NH(CH 2) xCH 2O-，其中x可以是3-10的整数，优选为4-6的整数，5'MVIP亚磷酰胺单体结构选自如下结构中：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000052
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000053
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000054
在本发明提供的RNA抑制剂中，所述3’MVIP还包含与所述正义链或反义链3’末端连接或偶联的转接点R 2，所述转接点R 2结构中带有-NH-、硫原子或氧原子，一般结构中至少有一个-NH-、硫原子或氧原子。R 2通过结构中-NH-、硫原子或氧原子与3'MVIP的连接链D及正义链或反义链3’末端相连，从而引入肝靶向特异性配体X。所述转接点R 2可以是直链；带有酰胺基、羧基或烷基的支链的直链或各种环状结构，环状结构如饱和或不饱和的脂肪族碳环基，或者如含有硫、氧或氮原子的五元或六元杂环基或芳香烃基等等。
在一些实施方案中，含杂环结构如哌啶基、吡咯基、噻唑基或者苯环的转接点R 2结构如下：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000055
本发明所述的R 2是通过丁二酸酐与R 2结构中-NH-、硫原子或氧原子成酯或酰胺的同时，又与空白Solid Support中-NH-进行偶联，形成3'MVIP solid spport，再通过亚磷酰胺固相合成法，将3’MVIP引入到正义链或反义链的3’末端。
在一些实施方案中，R 2结构中的杂环为吡咯环或哌啶环，其通过环中的氮杂原子与3'MVIP的连接链D连接，3'MVIP solid spport示例性结构如下：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000056
当通式中m为1-4时，上述的单体中接头B部分分别支化1至4次，以获得对应的Solid Support。
在一些实施方案中，R 2为-B 4(CH 2) x1CH(OH)(CH 2) x2CH 2B 5-，其中x1为1-4的整数，x2为0-4的整数，B 4和B 5分别为-NH-、硫原子或氧原子。
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000057
当通式中m为1-4时，上述的单体中接头B部分分别支化1至4次，以获得对应的Solid Support。
在一些优选实施方案中，R 2为-NHCH 2CH(OH)CH 2O-。引入3’MVIP solid spport示例性结构如下：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000058
当通式中m为1-4时，上述的单体中接头B部分分别支化1至4次，以获得对应的Solid Support。
在一些实施方案中，3’MVIP solid support结构如下：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000059
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000060
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000061
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000062
在一些优选实施方案中，5’MVIP配体结构中的(X-L) n-B-D-与R 1的组合如表3所示。
表3：5’MVIP中(X-L) n-B-D-与R 1的组合
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000063
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000064
在一些实施方案中，3’MVIP可以不存在，这时候n可以是2-4。
在一些实施方案中，3’MVIP配体结构中的(X-L) m-B-D-与R 2组合如表4所示。
表4：3’MVIP的(X-L) m-B-D-与R 2组合
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000065
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000066
本发明提供的RNA抑制剂结构中的正义链和反义链链长为15-30，优选19-23，彼此之间至少85％碱基互补。为了增强正义链和反义链在体内的稳定性，RNA抑制剂的正义链和反义链可以在没有影响活性甚至增强活性的情况下进行修饰，其中的核苷酸可以有修饰基团，可以整条链或者部分修饰，优选全部修饰。所述修饰为本领域的研究者易于理解的技术，可以在糖基部分，选至如下任一种或多种：脱氧核糖核苷酸、核苷酸模拟物、脱碱基核苷酸、2’-修饰核苷酸、3’至3’连接(倒置)核苷酸、含非天然碱基的核苷酸、桥接核苷酸、肽核酸(PNA)、解锁的核碱基类似物、锁定核苷酸、3’-O-甲氧基(2’核苷间连接)核苷酸、2’-F-阿拉伯糖核苷酸、5’-Me/2’-氟带核苷酸、吗啉代核苷酸、乙烯基膦酸酯脱氧核糖核苷酸、含乙烯基膦酸酯的核苷酸和含环丙基膦酸酯的核苷酸。其中，2’-修饰核苷酸包括但不限于：2’-O-甲基核苷酸、2’-脱氧-2’-氟核苷酸、2’-脱氧核苷酸、2’-甲氧基乙基核苷酸、2’-氨基核苷酸和2’-烷基核苷酸。在本发明提供的RNA抑制剂中，所述RNA抑制剂的正义链和反义链均不需要均匀修饰，可在其单个核苷酸中掺入一种以上的修饰。所述的修饰也可在碱基部分发生，经修饰的核碱基包括合成和天然的核碱基，诸如5-取代嘧啶，6-氮杂嘧啶和N-2/N-6和O-6取代嘌呤，5-甲基胞嘧啶，5-羟甲基胞嘧啶，黄嘌呤，次黄嘌呤，2-氨基腺嘌呤，腺嘌 呤和鸟嘌呤的6-烷基，腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤的2-烷基和其他烷基衍生物，2-硫代尿嘧啶，2-硫代胸腺嘧啶，2-硫代胞嘧啶，5-卤代尿嘧啶，胞嘧啶，5-丙炔基尿嘧啶，5-丙炔基胞嘧啶，6-偶氮尿嘧啶，6-偶氮胞嘧啶，6-偶氮胸腺嘧啶，5-尿嘧啶，4-硫尿嘧啶，8-卤素、8-氨基、8-巯基、8-硫代烷基、8-羟基和其他8-取代的腺嘌呤和鸟嘌呤，5-卤、5-三氟甲基和其他5-取代的尿嘧啶和胞嘧啶，7-甲基鸟嘌呤和7-甲基腺嘌呤，8-氮鸟嘌呤和8-氮杂腺嘌呤，7-脱氮鸟嘌呤，7-脱氮腺嘌呤，3-脱氮鸟嘌呤和3-脱氮腺嘌呤。
本发明所述的RNA抑制剂的正义链和反义链的部分或全部是2’-O-甲基核苷酸和/或2’-脱氧-2’-氟核苷酸，且至少连续两个硫代磷酸酯键存在其正义链5’端和反义链3’端的核苷酸之间，优选末端3个连续的核苷酸之间磷酸酯键被硫代。
在本发明提供的RNA抑制剂中，当其一条单链上有3’MVIP时，与这条单链相互补的另外一条单链相应的有5’MVIP或3’MVIP或者没有；当所述RNA抑制剂的一条单链上有5’MVIP时，与其相互补的另外一条单链相应的有3’MVIP或5’MVIP或者没有。5’MVIP和3’MVIP也可以同时连接在正义链或反义链的对应末端，即正义链的5’末端有5’MVIP时，其3'末端也可以有3'MVIP；反义链的5’末端有5’MVIP时，其3'末端也可以有3'MVIP。或者，5’MVIP同时放在正义链和反义链的5’末端。或者，3’MVIP同时放在正义链和反义链的3’末端。
在一些实施方案中，优选下表5中不同5'MVIP和3'MVIP组合接入RNA抑制剂的正义链和或反义链的不同位置，考察对HBV的HBsAg水平的影响。
表5：5'MVIP与3'MVIP的组合
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000067
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000068
在一些实施方案中，本发明所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐优选以羧酸盐、钠盐、三乙胺盐或其它可药用盐的形式制备或合成。
在一些实施方案中，所述RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐更优选为其钠盐或三乙胺盐。
在一些实施方案中，所述RNA抑制剂的正义链选自下表6：
表6：RNA抑制剂的正义链
SEQ ID NO. 单链代码 正义链序列5'→3'(19mer)
1 Ky-S ggguuuuucucguugacaa
2 Ky-S0 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
3 Ky-S1 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP17
4 Ky-S2 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP01
5 Ky-S3 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP09
6 Ky-S4 5'MVIP17-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
7 Ky-S5 5'MVIP01-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
8 Ky-S6 5'MVIP09-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
9 Ky-S7 5'MVIP01-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP01
10 Ky-S8 5'MVIP09-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP09
11 Ky-S9 5'MVIP17-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP17
12 Ky-S10 5'MVIP01-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP17
13 Ky-S11 5'MVIP17-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP01
14 Ky-S12 5'MVIP01-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP09
15 Ky-S13 5'MVIP09-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP01
16 Ky-S14 5'MVIP09-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP17
17 Ky-S15 5'MVIP17-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP09
18 Ky-S16 5'MVIP12-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
19 Ky-S17 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP19
20 Ky-S18 5'MVIP16-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP16
21 Ky-S19 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP17
22 Ky-S20 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP18
23 Ky-S21 5'MVIP03-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
24 Ky-S22 5'MVIP08-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
25 Ky-S23 5'MVIP16-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
26 Ky-S24 5'MVIP13-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP06
27 Ky-S25 5'MVIP04-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP06
28 Ky-S26 5'MVIP11-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
29 Ky-S27 5'MVIP11-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP14
30 Ky-S28 5'MVIP15-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
31 Ky-S29 5'MVIP02-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
32 Ky-S30 5'MVIP05-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
33 Ky-S31 5'MVIP06-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
34 Ky-S32 5'MVIP07-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
35 Ky-S33 5'MVIP10-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
36 Ky-S34 5'MVIP14-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
37 Ky-S35 5'MVIP18-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A
38 Ky-S36 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP02
39 Ky-S37 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP03
SEQ ID NO. 单链代码 正义链序列5'→3'(19mer)
40 Ky-S38 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP04
41 Ky-S39 5'MVIP04-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP04
42 Ky-S40 5'MVIP03-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP19
43 Ky-S41 5'MVIP18-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP18
44 Ky-S42 5'MVIP08-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP18
45 Ky-S43 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP05
46 Ky-S44 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP07
47 Ky-S45 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP10
48 Ky-S46 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP11
49 Ky-S47 5'MVIP11-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP11
50 Ky-S48 5'MVIP15-Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP15
51 Ky-S49 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP06
52 Ky-S50 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP08
53 Ky-S51 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP12
54 Ky-S52 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP13
55 Ky-S53 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP14
56 Ky-S54 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP15
57 Ky-S55 Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A-3'MVIP16
在一些实施方案中，本发明所述的RNA抑制剂的正义链与表6中的各序列相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸。
在一些实施方案中，所述RNA抑制剂的反义链选自下表7：
表7：RNA抑制剂的反义链
SEQ ID NO. 单链代码 反义链序列5'→3'(21mer)
58 Ky-AS uugucaacgagaaaaacccuu
59 Ky-AS0 5'Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U 3'
60 Ky-AS1 5'MVIP01-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
61 Ky-AS2 5'MVIP09-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
62 Ky-AS3 5'MVIP17-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
63 Ky-AS4 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP01
64 Ky-AS5 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP09
65 Ky-AS6 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP17
66 Ky-AS7 5'MVIP01-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP01
67 Ky-AS8 5'MVIP09-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP09
68 Ky-AS9 5'MVIP17-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP17
69 Ky-AS10 5'MVIP01-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP17
70 Ky-AS11 5'MVIP17-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP01
71 Ky-AS12 5'MVIP01-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP09
72 Ky-AS13 5'MVIP09-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP01
73 Ky-AS14 5'MVIP09-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP17
74 Ky-AS15 5'MVIP17-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP09
75 Ky-AS16 5'MVIP12-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
76 Ky-AS17 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP19
77 Ky-AS18 5'MVIP16-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP16
78 Ky-AS19 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP17
79 Ky-AS20 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP18
80 Ky-AS21 5'MVIP03-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
81 Ky-AS22 5'MVIP08-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
82 Ky-AS23 5'MVIP16-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
83 Ky-AS24 5'MVIP13-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP06
84 Ky-AS25 5'MVIP04-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP06
85 Ky-AS26 5'MVIP11-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
86 Ky-AS27 5'MVIP11-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP14
87 Ky-AS28 5'MVIP15-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
88 Ky-AS29 5'MVIP02-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
89 Ky-AS30 5'MVIP05-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
90 Ky-AS31 5'MVIP06-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
91 Ky-AS32 5'MVIP07-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
92 Ky-AS33 5'MVIP10-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
93 Ky-AS34 5'MVIP14-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
94 Ky-AS35 5'MVIP18-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U
95 Ky-AS36 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP02
96 Ky-AS37 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP03
97 Ky-AS38 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP04
98 Ky-AS39 5'MVIP04-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP04
99 Ky-AS40 5'MVIP03-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP19
100 Ky-AS41 5'MVIP18-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP18
101 Ky-AS42 5'MVIP08-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP18
102 Ky-AS43 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP05
103 Ky-AS44 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP07
104 Ky-AS45 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP10
105 Ky-AS46 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP11
106 Ky-AS47 5'MVIP11-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP11
107 Ky-AS48 5'MVIP15-Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP15
108 Ky-AS49 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP06
109 Ky-AS50 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP08
110 Ky-AS51 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP12
111 Ky-AS52 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP13
112 Ky-AS53 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP14
113 Ky-AS54 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP15
114 Ky-AS55 Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U-3'MVIP16
在一些实施方案中，本发明所述的RNA抑制剂的反义链与表7中的各序列相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸。
在一些体内外效果考察实施方案中，所述RNA抑制剂的正义链或反义链选自下表8：
表8：RNA抑制剂的正义链或反义链
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000069
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000070
在一些实施方案中，本发明所述的RNA抑制剂的正义链或反义链与表8中的各序列相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸。
在一些实施方案中，使用细胞株HepG2.2.15评估将5'MVIP和3'MVIP放在正义链(SEQ ID NO:2)和/或反义链(SEQ ID NO:59)对应末端，评估所得RNA抑制剂对HBV的HBsAg水平降低效果影响。RNA抑制剂代码、所含的单链及SEQ ID NO.如下表9：
表9
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000071
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000072
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000073
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000074
在一些实施方案中，优选出组合5’MVIP01/3'MVIP01、5’MVIP01/3'MVIP17、5’MVIP09/3'MVIP09放在正义链的5’末端和反义链的3’末端。
在一些实施方案中，优选出5’MVIP01/3'MVIP09、5’MVIP09/3'MVIP01放在正义链的5’末端和3’末端。
另一方面，本发明还提供了一种上述RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗肝源性疾病的药物中的应用，其中，所述肝源性疾病包括但不限于肝炎、肝肿瘤、肝硬化、黄疸、二型糖尿病、脂肪肝、血液系统的凝血性疾病、血液白蛋白及球蛋白相关的疾病、高血脂、动脉粥样硬化、原发性高血压。
再一方面，本发明提供了一种药物组合物，该药物组合物包括上述RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的辅料，其剂型为口服剂、静脉注射剂或者皮下或肌内注射剂，优选为皮下注射剂。
又一方面，本发明提供了一种药物组合物，该药物组合物包含上述RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐和其他治疗乙型肝炎的药物。其他治疗乙型肝炎药物，包括但不限于已在临床上使用的核苷类似物或干扰素类，也包括在研当中的一些候选乙肝治疗药物，如免疫调节剂在一个实施方案中，在转基因小鼠模型上比对了本发明所述的RNA抑制剂与当前慢性乙肝治疗所用的一线用药替诺福韦对HBV的HBsAg的抑制效果。试验结果证实了，抗乙肝药物核苷类似物对HBV HBsAg没有抑制效果，联合使用时，也不影响本发明所述的RNA抑制剂对HBsAg的抑制效果。
在一些实施方案中，本发明所述的RNA抑制剂与当前慢性乙肝治疗所用的一线用药恩替卡韦或干扰素进行联合使用，考察对HBV的抑制效果及是否有相互干扰作用。试验在广 泛使用的HepG2.2.15细胞株中评估了本发明所述的RNA抑制剂与不同浓度的恩替卡韦或干扰素联合用给药对HBV的抑制效果。
在一些实施方案中，使用阴性对照siRNA，正义链为SEQ ID NO.:146，反义链为SEQ ID NO.:147，考察本发明的RNA抑制剂对HBV 4种常见的亚型A、B、C和D型的抑制效果。
在一些实施方案中，使用细胞株HepG2.2.15考察了5'MVIP和/或3'MVIP结构中X、L、B、D、R 1和R 2不同对所述RNA抑制剂正义链(SEQ ID NO:2)、反义链(SEQ ID NO:59)对应末端，评估所得RNA抑制剂对HBV的HBsAg水平降低效果影响，当X、L、B、D、R 1和R 2之一不同时，相应的5'MVIP和/或3'MVIP中其它部分与5’MVIP09/3’MVIP09的相同。
在一些实施方案中，使用细胞株HepG2.2.15考察了不同肝靶向特异性配体X对所述的RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响：
表10
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000075
在一些实施方案中，使用细胞株HepG2.2.15考察了不同支链L对所述的RNA抑制剂作用效果的影响：
表11
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000076
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000077
备注：标有*的RNA抑制剂，表示在同一个5'MVIP或3'MVIP结构中或5'MVIP与3'MVIP彼此L结构不同。
在一些实施方案中，使用细胞株HepG2.2.15考察了接头B对所述的RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响：
表12
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000078
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000079
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000080
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000081
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000082
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000083
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000084
备注：标有*的RNA抑制剂，表示5'MVIP与3'MVIP彼此之间的接头B结构不同。
在一些实施方案中，使用细胞株HepG2.2.15考察了连接链D对所述的RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响：
表13
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000085
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000086
备注：标有*的RNA抑制剂，表示5'MVIP与3'MVIP彼此之间的连接链D结构不同。
在一些实施方案中，使用细胞株HepG2.2.15考察了不同转接点R 1对所述的RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响：
表14
R 1代码 RNA抑制剂代码 R 1结构
R1-1 Ky-22 -NH(CH 2) 6O-
R1-2 Ky-22-R1-1 -O(CH 2) 6O-
R1-3 Ky-22-R1-2 -S(CH 2) 6O-
R1-4 Ky-22-R1-3 -NH(CH 2) 8O-
R1-5 Ky-22-R1-4 -NH(CH 2) 5CH(CH 2CH 3)O-
R1-6 Ky-22-R1-5 -S(CH 2) 4CH(CH 3)O-
在一些实施方案中，使用细胞株HepG2.2.15考察了不同转接点R 2对所述的RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响：
表15
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000087
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000088
在一些实施方案中，对本发明所述的RNA抑制剂Ky-22的序列进行了进一步优化调整，包括序列mer数、容许的核苷酸可相差个数、氟代及末端硫代个数的考察，这些调整对所述的RNA抑制剂在降低HBsAg水平效果及效果持续性的影响，序列见表16。
表16：Ky-22的序列调整表
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000089
实施方案结果显示，与Ky-22相比较，正义链长度为21-mer的Ky-2201在降低HBsAg水平及效果持续性上并没有显著提高，甚至稍微降低了一些，所以本发明提供的RNA抑制剂正义链长最优选19-mer；与Ky-22相比较，正义链和反义链中各有一个核苷酸变化的Ky-2203，其降低HBsAg水平及效果持续性上并没有明显影响；在Ky-2203设计的基础上，正义链长度为21-mer的Ky-2204与Ky-2203的作用效果无显著差异；在Ky-2203基础上调整氟代个数，氟代个数相对少的Ky-2208的作用效果稍稍优于Ky-2203；改变Ky-2204正义链3'末端的两个悬垂核苷酸得到的RNA抑制剂Ky-2205和改变Ky-22反义链3'末端的两个核苷酸得到的RNA抑制剂Ky-2206以及改变Ky-2201正义链3'末端的两个悬垂核苷酸得到的 RNA抑制剂Ky-2202与变换前作用效果无显著差异，说明本发明的RNA抑制剂容许正义链或反义链各出现1至3个的核苷酸的相差。与Ky-22相比较，正义链的5'末端和反义链3'末端的连续三个核苷酸之间的磷酸酯键的硫代被取消所得的Ky-2207在降低HBsAg水平效果及效果持续时间上影响显著。
本发明优选正义链的链长为19-mer、反义链的链长为21-mer的序列，允许其中有1至3个核苷酸的差异。
在一些实施方案中，将所述的RNA抑制剂Ky-2208与核苷类似物替诺福韦(TDF)在转基因小鼠模型中进行了抗乙肝病毒药效比对及联合用药的研究，实施结果显示替诺福韦(TDF)不具有减少HBsAg的功效，Ky-2208可以高效地降低HBsAg的水平，最高可以降低99.98％，与替诺福韦(TDF)合用，本发明的RNA抑制剂的效果不受影响。
在一些实施方案中，考察了本发明提供的RNA抑制剂中的Ky-08、Ky-10、Ky-19、Ky-13、Ky-21、Ky-22、Ky-23、Ky-26、Ky-27、Ky-29、Ky-37及Ky-39对HBV转基因小鼠模型的HBsAg的抑制效果。实施结果显示，其中RNA抑制剂Ky-19、Ky-26、Ky-37和Ky-39在HBV转基因小鼠体内可以至少连续4周使HBsAg的表达水平减少93.0％-99.5％以上。
在一些实施方案中，本发明所提供的RNA抑制剂Ky-2208在AAV-HBV小鼠体内可以持续140天左右使HBsAg水平减少98.2-99.6％，并使其体内产生表面抗体HBsAb，显示功能性治愈乙型肝炎的可能。
附图说明
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案和有益效果更加清楚，本发明提供如下附图：
图1为实施例一1.1.5中合成的ERCd-01-c2的高分辨质谱图；
图2为实施例一1.2.6中合成的3’MVIP17-c1的高分辨质谱图；
图3为实施例一2.1.2中合成的5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP-c2的高分辨质谱图；
图4为实施例二实施例1中的Ky-00～Ky-26对细胞株HepG2.2.15中HBsAg水平抑制效果图；
图5为实施例二实施例2中的Ky-27～Ky-44对细胞株HepG2.2.15中HBsAg水平抑制效果图；
图6为实施例二实施例3、4和6中不同X/L/D对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响；
图7为实施例二实施例5中接头B对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响图；
图8为实施例二实施例7和8中不同转接点R1/R2对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响图；
图9为实施例二实施例9中Ky-22与恩替卡韦或干扰素联用对HepG2.2.15细胞中HBsAg的抑制效果图；
图10为实施例二实施例9中Ky-22与恩替卡韦或干扰素联用对HepG2.2.15细胞中HBeAg的抑制效果图；
图11为实施例二实施例9中Ky-22与恩替卡韦或干扰素联用对HepG2.2.15细胞中HBV DNA抑制效果图；
图12为实施例二实施例10中Ky-22对4种不同基因型(A、B、C、D)HBV细胞株的抑制效果图；
图13为实施例三实施例1中的RNA抑制剂对HBV转基因小鼠模型的HBsAg抑制效果图；
图14为实施例三实施例2中的Ky-22序列调整对HBV转基因小鼠HBsAg的抑制效果图；
图15为实施例三实施例3中的Ky-2208在AAV-HBV小鼠模型上的剂效考察的结果图；
图16为实施例三实施例3中的Ky-2208在AAV-HBV小鼠模型上产生的HBsAb柱状图；
图17为实施例三实施例4中的Ky-2208与TDF在HBV-Tg小鼠上比对及联合用药研究的结果图。
具体实施方式
以下实施例说明了本发明公开的一些实施方案，但并不局限于这些。此外，在提供具体实施方案时，本发明人预期了那些具体实施方案的应用。例如具有具体同类或类似化学结构的RNA抑制剂，用于不同的肝源性疾病的治疗。
说明：
DMSO的中文名称为二甲基亚砜；
DMF的中文名称为N,N-二甲基甲酰胺；
HOBt的中文名称为1-羟基苯并三氮唑；
HBTU的中文名称为O-苯并三氮唑-四甲基脲六氟磷酸酯；
DIPEA(DIEA)的中文名称为N,N-二异丙基乙胺；
DCM的中文名称为二氯甲烷；
DMAP的中文名称为4-二甲氨基吡啶；
DMT-CL的中文名称为4,4'-二甲氧基三苯基氯甲烷；
MEOH的中文名称为甲醇；
TBTU的中文名称为O-苯并三氮唑-N,N,N',N'-四甲基脲四氟硼酸；
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000090
的名称为固相载体，如大孔氨甲基树脂(Resin)。
实施例一、RNA抑制剂Ky-19、Ky-22、Ky-2208、Ky-26、Ky-37和Ky-39的合成
本发明所述的RNA抑制剂是通过固相亚磷酰胺法得到各自的正义链和反义链，正义链与对应的反义链互补退火得到终产品。固相亚磷酰胺法基本步骤包括：1)脱保护：脱掉起始单体Solid Support羟基保护基(DMTr)；2)偶联：加上第一个亚磷酰胺单体，通过3’至5’方向发生偶联反应；3)氧化：将所得的核苷亚磷酸酯氧化成更稳定的核苷磷酸酯(即三价磷氧化成五价磷)；4)封闭：将没有反应的前一步核苷酸单体5’-OH加冒封死，使其不再进一步参与反应；重复上述步骤，直至最后一个亚磷酰胺单体的接入。然后用甲胺水溶液和氨水裂解Solid Support与起始单体之间酯键，并将所得寡聚核苷酸上的各个碱基与磷酸上的保护基氰乙基(P)、苯甲酰基(mA、fA)、乙酰基(mC)脱掉。经HPLC分离纯化后，过滤除菌，冻干得到相应的正义链或反义链。
退火精确测定正义链和反义链复溶溶液的浓度，按等摩尔浓度进行混合后，加入该体积1/20体积的1M PBS溶液再次混匀，将混合体系加热至95℃，持续5min，然后自然降温3h至40℃或者室温时，进行HPLC检测，若单链残余＜5％即可认为反应完成。
当本发明的RNA抑制剂的正义链或反义链的3'端有3'MVIP时，3'MVIP的solid support作为固相合成的起始单体，3’MVIP的solid spport通式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000091
m为1-4时，通式中接头B部分分别支化1至4次，以获得对应的3’MVIP的Solid Support。
当m为1时，所得的Solid Support作为RNA抑制剂Ky-26的反义链和Ky-39正义链固相合成的起始单体；当m为2时，所得的Solid Support作为RNA抑制剂Ky-37的正义链和 Ky-22和Ky-2208的反义链的固相合成起始单体；当m为3时，所得的Solid Support作为RNA抑制剂Ky-19的反义链的固相合成起始单体。
当本发明的RNA抑制剂的正义链或反义链的5'端有5’MVIP时，5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体是作为正义链或反义链固相合成的最后一个亚磷酰胺单体。5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体通式如下：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000092
n为1-4时，通式中接头B部分分别支化1至4次，以获得对应的5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体。
当n为1时，所得的5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体作为RNA抑制剂Ky-19、Ky-26和Ky-37的正义链固相合成的最后一个单体；当n等于2时，所得的5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体作为Ky-39、Ky-22和Ky-2208的正义链固相合成的最后一个单体。
本发明所述的这些RNA抑制剂的正义链和反义链在进行亚磷酰胺固相合成之前，需要先化学合成相应的3’MVIP的Solid Support和5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体。化学合成过程叙述如下：
1. 3’MVIP的Solid Support的合成
1.1 RNA抑制剂Ky-37的正义链、Ky-22和Ky-2208的反义链的3'MVIP09的Solid Support的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000093
3'MVIP09的Solid Support
合成过程描述：
1.1.1.ERC-01-c1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000094
称取2-氨基-1,3-丙二醇(5.0g，54.9mmol)加入DMSO 50mL，氢氧化钠溶液(1g/mL)5mL，降温到0℃，滴加丙烯酸叔丁酯(20mL，137.8mol)2小时加完，室温反应48h，加石油醚(100mL)，饱和食盐水洗2次，有机层干燥。过层析柱(洗脱液：乙酸乙酯:石油醚＝25％-75％)，上柱加0.05％的三乙胺，得无色油状物6.2g。
1.1.2.ERC-01-c2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000095
称取ERC-01-c1(6.2g，17.9mmol)，加二氯甲烷50mL，碳酸钠溶液(25％)23mL，室温滴加氯甲酸苄酯(8.2mL，57.4mmol)，2小时滴加完，室温反应过夜，饱和食盐水洗涤3次，无水硫酸钠干燥，蒸干溶剂，过层析柱(乙酸乙酯:石油醚＝5％-30％)得油状物 4.0g。
1.1.3.ERC-01-c3的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000096
取ERC-01-c2(4.0g，8.3mmol)加甲酸12mL，室温反应过夜，减压蒸干溶剂，得产品2.8g。
1.1.4.ERCd-01-c1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000097
将化合物ERC-01-c3(1.11g，3.0mmol)和dlSANC-c4(3.6g，8.04mmol)加到DMF(60mL)中，然后加入HOBt(2.24g)和HBTU(3.36g)，然后缓慢加入DIEA(4.16mL)。反应液室温下搅拌反应3小时。然后加入水，水层用二氯甲烷萃取(2x10mL)。合并有机层，然后依次用饱和碳酸氢钠(80mL)、水(2x60mL)、饱和食盐水(60mL)洗。用无水硫酸钠干燥，减压蒸干，用硅胶柱层析纯化(洗脱液：3-15％MeOH in DCM)。得淡黄色固3.24g。
1.1.5.ERCd-01-c2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000098
ERCd-01-c1(3.24g，2.6mmol)用甲醇(60mL)溶解，加入10％钯碳(0.3g)，乙酸(2.0mL)。然后常压下加氢，反应过夜。反应液用硅藻土过滤，滤液减压蒸干，得油状物ERCd-01-c22.9g，其高分辨质谱图见图1。
1.1.6.3’MVIP09-c1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000099
向反应瓶内依次加入SANCd-01-c0(0.824g，1.5mmol)和ERCd-01-c2(1.09g，1.0mmol)，再加入10mL的DCM，搅拌溶解，再依次加入TBTU(0.963g)和DIPEA(0.517g)，反应过夜，加水，用DCM萃取，有机相再用饱和食盐水洗涤，干燥、过滤、浓缩，最后过硅胶柱进行纯化，得产品1.3g。
1.1.7. 3’MVIP09-c2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000100
向反应瓶内依次加入3’MVIP09-c1(1.62g，1μmol)和10mL的DCM，室温搅拌溶解，再依次加入DMAP(0.366g)和丁二酸酐(0.2g，3μmol)，室温搅拌反应，TLC分析，反应合格浓缩掉DCM，加水，用DCM萃取，有机相再用饱和食盐水洗涤，有机相经无水硫酸钠干燥、过滤、浓缩，最后过硅胶柱进行纯化，得到产品为1.55g。
1.1.8. 3’MVIP09的Solid Support合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000101
向反应瓶内依次加入3’MVIP09-c2(0.86g，0.5μmol)和10mL DMF，溶解，再依次加入HBTU(0.19g)、DIPEA(0.194g)和大孔氨甲基树脂(2.0g)，摇床24h，过滤，树脂用10％甲醇/DCM洗涤，再用25％醋酸/吡啶进行封端，取代度150μmol/g。
1.2 RNA抑制剂Ky-19的反义链的3'MVIP17的Solid Support的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000102
3'MVIP17 Solid Support
1.2.1.SANC-01-c1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000103
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.1.ERC-01-c1的合成。
1.2.2.SANC-01-c2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000104
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.2.ERC-01-c2的合成。
1.2.3.SANC-01-c3的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000105
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.3.ERC-01-c3的合成。
1.2.4.SANCd-01-c1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000106
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.4.ERCd-01-c1的合成。
1.2.5.SANCd-01-c2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000107
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.5.ERCd-01-c2的合成。
1.2.6. 3’MVIP17-c1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000108
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.6.3’MVIP09-c1的合成，合成所得3’MVIP17-c1的高分辨质谱图见图2。
1.2.7. 3’MVIP17-c2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000109
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.7.3’MVIP09-c2的合成。
1.2.8. 3’MVIP17的Solid Support合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000110
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.8 3’MVIP09的Solid Support合成。
1.3 RNA抑制剂Ky-26的反义链和Ky-39正义链的3'MVIP01的Solid Support的合成：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000111
3'MVIP01 Solid Support
合成过程描述：
1.3.1. 3’MVIP01-c1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000112
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.6.3’MVIP09-c1的合成。
1.3.2. 3’MVIP01-c2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000113
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.7.3’MVIP09-c2的合成。
1.3.3. 3’MVIP01的Solid Support合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000114
合成步骤参照实施例1中1.1.8.3’MVIP09的Solid Support合成。
2. 5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体的合成
2.1当n为2时，所得的5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体作为Ky-22、Ky-2208、Ky-39正义链固相合成的最后一个单体5’MVIP09亚磷酰胺单体的合成：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000115
5'MVIP09亚磷酰胺单体
2.1.1. 5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP-c1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000116
称量ERCd-01-c2(2.18g，2.0mmol)溶于DMF(50mL)，加戊二酸单苄酯(0.53g，2.4mmol)、DIPEA(0.78g)与TBTU(0.84g)，室温搅拌过夜，加水淬灭(50mL)，DCM(30mL*3)萃取，10％柠檬酸(50mL*3)、饱和碳酸氢钠50mL和吡啶100mL洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，旋蒸，过柱纯化得产品5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP-c1(2.15g)。
2.1.2. 5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP-c2的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000117
称量5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP-c1(2.15g，1.66mmol)和10％钯碳(0.21g)，加甲醇(50mL)，室温搅拌加氢过夜，反应结束后硅藻土过滤钯碳，旋蒸得5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP-c2粗品(1.9g)，其高分辨率质谱图如图3所示。
2.1.3. 5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000118
称量5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP-c2粗品(1.9g，1.58mmol)溶于DCM(60mL)，加DIPEA(1.33g)，冷却，加三氟乙酸五氟苯酚酯(2.21g，7.9mmol)，室温搅拌反应2h后旋蒸， 再溶于DCM(60mL)，饱和碳酸氢钠(30mL*3)、10％柠檬酸(30mL*1)、饱和食盐水(50mL*1)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤，旋蒸得5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP粗品(2.35g)，抽干后无纯化直接用于下一步反应。
2.1.4. 5’MVIP09亚磷酰胺单体-c1的合成
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000119
5’MVIP09-ERCd-PFP粗品(2.35g，1.58mmol)溶于DCM(60mL)，加DIPEA(0.82g，6.32mmol)、6-氨基-1-己醇(0.37g，3.16mmol)，室温搅拌反应过夜。加10％柠檬酸(30mL)，DCM(30mL*3)萃取，饱和食盐水(50mL)洗涤，无水硫酸钠干燥，过滤、旋蒸，过柱纯化得产品5’MVIP09单体-c1(1.73g)。
2.1.5. 5’MVIP09亚磷酰胺单体
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000120
称量5’MVIP09亚磷酰胺单体-c1(1.3g、1.0mmol)溶于乙腈(30mL)，加入二异丙胺三氮唑(0.22g)，冰浴下滴加双-(二异丙基氨基)(2-氰基乙氧基)膦(0.36g，1.2mmol)，室温反应4h，HPLC中控，反应合格后，浓缩过柱纯化得到产品5’MVIP09单体(1.2g)。
2.2当n为1时，所得的5’MVIP亚磷酰胺单体作为Ky-19、Ky-26、Ky-37的正义链固相合成的最后一个单体5'MVIP01的亚磷酰胺单体的合成：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000121
5'MVIP01亚磷酰胺单体
5'MVIP01的亚磷酰胺单体称量YICd-01-c2(1.12g，2.0mmol)，剩余操作参照2.1.1.～2.1.5.。
实施例二：体外试验
实施例1：使用细胞株HepG2.2.15评估5'MVIP和3'MVIP与正义链和反义链不同末端偶联所得的RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果。
试验过程描述：按实施例一所述的方法制备相应的RNA抑制剂Ky-00～Ky-26，配制含10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。用培养液配制含0.05、0.5、5nM RNA抑制剂样品的培养基。以10 5细胞密度接种HepG2.2.15细胞，10％胎牛血清DMEM培养基，37℃，5％CO 2，培养24h后，加不同浓度的上述RNA抑制剂样品干预，孵育72h后，取上清，用HBsAg检测试剂盒(上海科华，ELISA法)，与未干预HepG2.2.15细胞上清对比，标定样品干预组的HBsAg相对百分率。
所得试验数据见图4。如图4所示，其中Ky-19、Ky-22和Ky-26对HBsAg的抑制效果优于其它化合物。
实施例2：使用细胞株HepG2.2.15评估5'MVIP和3'MVIP同时放在RNA抑制剂的正义链或反义链的两个末端上或5'MVIP或3'MVIP同时放在反义链和正义链的同一个末端，如3’末端或5’末端，考察所得的RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果。
试验过程描述：按实施例一所述的方法制备相应的RNA抑制剂Ky-27～Ky-44，配制含10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。用培养液配制含0.05、0.5、5nM RNA抑制剂样品的培养基。以10 5细胞密度接种HepG2.2.15细胞，10％胎牛血清DMEM培养基，37℃，5％CO 2，培养24h后，加不同浓度的上述RNA抑制剂样品干预，孵育72h后，取上清，用HBsAg检测试剂盒(上海科华，ELISA法)，与未干预HepG2.2.15细胞上清对比，标定样品干预组的HBsAg相对百分率。所得试验数据见图5。
如图5所示，其中Ky-37和Ky-39对HBsAg的抑制效果优于其它化合物。
实施例3使用细胞株HepG2.2.15评估不同肝靶向特异性配体X对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响
考察不同肝靶向特异性配体X对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响，所得的RNA抑制剂中Ky-22、Ky-22-X2～Ky-22-X6除X结构改变外，L、B、D及R 1/R 2与组合5’MVIP09/3’MVIP09中的一致。
试验所涉及的RNA抑制剂中的正义链为SEQ ID NO:2，反义链为SEQ ID NO:59，正义链5'末端偶联5'MVIP，反义链3'末端偶联3'MVIP。
试验过程描述：按实施例一所述的方法制备相应的RNA抑制剂，配制含10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。用培养液配制含10nM RNA抑制剂样品的培养基。以10 5细胞密度接种HepG2.2.15细胞，10％胎牛血清DMEM培养基，37℃，5％CO 2，培养24h后，加药干预，孵育72h后，取上清，用HBsAg检测试剂盒(上海科华，ELISA法)，与未干预HepG2.2.15细胞上清对比，标定样品干预组的HBsAg相对百分率。
所得试验数据见图6。结果表明，当X分别为半乳糖、半乳糖胺、N-乙酰半乳糖胺及其衍生物时，所得RNA抑制剂优选N-乙酰半乳糖胺及其衍生物作为配体。
实施例4使用细胞株HepG2.2.15评估不同支链L对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响
考察不同支链L对RNA抑制剂降低HBV HBsAg水平效果的影响，所得RNA抑制剂中Ky-22、Ky-22-L2～Ky-22-L14除L结构改变外，X、B、D及R 1/R 2与组合5’MVIP09/3’MVIP09中的一致。
试验所涉及的RNA抑制剂中的正义链为SEQ ID NO:2，反义链为SEQ ID NO:59，正义链5'末端偶联5'MVIP，反义链3'末端偶联3'MVIP。
试验过程描述：按实施例一所述的方法制备相应的RNA抑制剂，配制含10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。用培养液配制含10nM RNA抑制剂样品的培养基。以10 5细胞密度接种HepG2.2.15细胞，10％胎牛血清DMEM培养基，37℃，5％CO 2，培养24h后，加药干预，孵育72h后，取上清，用HBsAg检测试剂盒(上海科华，ELISA法)，与未干预HepG2.2.15细胞上清对比，标定样品干预组的HBsAg相对百分率。
所得试验数据见图6。结果表明，L的长短对RNA抑制剂的作用效果影响较大，L链不能太短也不能太长；当含有-NH-、C＝O、O、S、酰胺基、磷酰基、硫代磷酰基、脂肪族碳环基如环己烷或者这些基团的组合时，或者在同一个5'MVIP、3'MVIP结构中或5'MVIP与3'MVIP彼此L结构不同、在链长为C7-C18这个范围，所得RNA抑制剂对HBV的HBsAg水平降低效果相差不大。
实施例5使用细胞株HepG2.2.15评估接头B对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响
考察不同接头B对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响，所得RNA抑制剂Ky-22、Ky-22-B2～Ky-22-B7、Ky-19、Ky-19-B2～Ky-19-B12、Ky-26、Ky-26-B2～Ky-26-B7、Ky-37、Ky-37-B2～Ky-37-B6、Ky-39、Ky-39-B2～Ky-39-B6，除B结构改变外，X、L、D及R 1/R 2与组合5’MVIP09/3’MVIP09中的一致。
试验所涉及的RNA抑制剂中的正义链为SEQ ID NO:2，反义链为SEQ ID NO:59，正义链5'末端偶联5'MVIP，反义链3'末端偶联3'MVIP。
试验过程描述：按实施例一所述的方法制备相应的RNA抑制剂，配制含10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。用培养液配制含10nM RNA抑制剂样品的培养基。以10 5细胞密度接种HepG2.2.15细胞，10％胎牛血清DMEM培养基，37℃，5％CO 2，培养24h后，加药干预，孵育72h后，取上清，用HBsAg检测试剂盒(上海科华，ELISA法)，与未干预HepG2.2.15细胞上清对比，标定样品干预组的HBsAg相对百分率。
所得试验数据见图7。结果表明，除接头B结构改变外，而X、L、D及R 1/R 2与组合5’MVIP09/3’MVIP09中的一致时，接头B中通式中的A 1和A 2各自独立地是C、O、S、-NH-、羰基、酰胺基、磷酰基或硫代磷酰基，r为0-4的整数，并且接头B在5’MVIP与3’MVIP之间相同或不同时，对HBsAg水平降低效果相差不大。
实施例6使用细胞株HepG2.2.15评估连接链D对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响
考察不同连接链D对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响，所得RNA抑制剂Ky-22、Ky-22-D2～Ky-22-D5除D结构改变外，X、L、B及R 1/R 2与最优选MVIP组合5’MVIP09/3’MVIP09中的一致。
试验所涉及的RNA抑制剂中的正义链为SEQ ID NO:2，反义链为SEQ ID NO:59，正义链5'末端偶联5'MVIP，反义链3'末端偶联3'MVIP。
试验过程描述：按实施例一所述的方法制备相应的RNA抑制剂，配制含10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。用培养液配制含10nM RNA抑制剂样品的培养基。以10 5细胞密度接种HepG2.2.15细胞，10％胎牛血清DMEM培养基，37℃，5％CO 2，培养24h后，加药干预，孵育72h后，取上清，用HBsAg检测试剂盒(上海科华，ELISA法)，与未干预HepG2.2.15细胞上清对比，标定样品干预组的HBsAg相对百分率。
所得试验数据见图6。结果表明，在MVIP结构及RNA抑制剂相同的情况下，不同的连接链D会对RNA抑制剂抑制HBsAg的效果有影响，其中D1、D2、D4的效果接近且优于D3。
实施例7：使用细胞株HepG2.2.15评估不同R 1对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响
考察不同转接点R 1对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响，所得RNA抑制剂Ky-22、Ky-22-R1-1～Ky-22-R1-5除R 1结构改变外，X、L、B、D及R 2与最优选MVIP组合5’MVIP09/3’MVIP09中的一致。
试验所涉及的RNA抑制剂中的正义链为SEQ ID NO:2，反义链为SEQ ID NO:59，正义链5'末端偶联5'MVIP，反义链3'末端偶联3'MVIP。
试验过程描述：按实施例一所述的方法制备相应的RNA抑制剂，配制含10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。用培养液配制含10nM RNA抑制剂样品的培养基。以10 5细胞密度接种HepG2.2.15细胞，10％胎牛血清DMEM培养基，37℃，5％CO 2，培养24h后，加药干预，孵育72h后，取上清，用HBsAg检测试剂盒(上海科华，ELISA法)，与未干预HepG2.2.15细胞上清对比，标定样品干预组的HBsAg相对百分率。
所得试验数据见图8。结果表明，不同的转接点R 1会对RNA抑制剂抑制HBsAg的效果有影响，其中R1-1作为转接点的降低HBsAg水平效果最佳。
实施例8：使用细胞株HepG2.2.15评估不同R 2对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响
考察不同转接点R 2对RNA抑制剂降低HBV的HBsAg水平效果的影响，所得RNA抑制剂Ky-22、Ky-22-R2-1～Ky-22-R2-11除R 2结构改变外，X、L、B、D及R 1与最优选MVIP组合5’MVIP09/3’MVIP09中的一致。按实施例一所述的方法制备得到相应的RNA抑制剂。
试验所涉及的RNA抑制剂中的正义链为SEQ ID NO:2，反义链为SEQ ID NO:59，正义链5'末端偶联5'MVIP，反义链3'末端偶联3'MVIP。
试验过程描述：按实施例一所述的方法制备相应的RNA抑制剂，配制含10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。用培养液配制含10nM RNA抑制剂样品的培养基。以10 5细胞密度接种HepG2.2.15细胞，10％胎牛血清DMEM培养基，37℃，5％CO 2，培养24h后，加药干预，孵育72h后，取上清，用HBsAg检测试剂盒(上海科华，ELISA法)，与未干预HepG2.2.15细胞上清对比，标定样品干预组的HBsAg相对百分率。
所得试验数据见图8。结果表明，不同的转接点R 2会对RNA抑制剂降低HBsAg水平的效果有影响，其中R2-1作为转接点时的降低HBsAg水平效果最佳。
实施例9 Ky-22与当前慢性乙肝治疗所用的一线用药恩替卡韦或干扰素联合使用，考察对HBV的抑制效果是否有相互干扰作用
试验在广泛使用的HepG2.2.15细胞株中评估了本发明所述的RNA与不同浓度的恩替卡韦(ETV)或干扰素(IFN-a)联合用给药对HBV的抑制效果。
试验所涉及的RNA抑制剂Ky-22中的正义链为SEQ ID NO:2，反义链为SEQ ID NO:59，正义链5'末端偶联5'MVIP，反义链3'末端偶联3'MVIP。
试验过程描述：配制含10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基。用培养液配制含10nM RNA抑制剂Ky-22样品的培养基。以10 5细胞密度接种HepG2.2.15细胞，10％胎牛血清DMEM培养基，37℃，5％CO 2，培养24h后，加药干预，孵育72h后，取上清检测HBsAg、HBeAg、HBV DNA，与未干预HepG2.2.15细胞上清对比，标定样品干预组的HBsAg、HBeAg、HBV DNA相对百分率。
加药浓度为：
ETV：10μM、1μM、0.1μM；
IFN-a：1000IU/mL、100IU/mL、10IU/mL；
Ky-22：0.125μg/mL；
ETV+Ky-22：10μM+0.125μg/mL、1μM+0.125μg/mL、0.1μM+0.125μg/mL；
IFN-a+Ky-22：1000IU/mL+0.125μg/mL、100IU/mL+0.125μg/mL、10IU/mL+0.125μg/mL
RNA抑制剂Ky-22对HepG2.2.15细胞中HBsAg和HBeAg水平的影响分别如图9和图10所示。结果表明，单独使用恩替卡韦或干扰素对HBsAg和HBeAg无显著抑制效果，恩替卡韦或干扰素联合使用Ky-22则对HBsAg和HBeAg表现出显著抑制效果，且抑制程度与恩替卡韦或干扰素的浓度没有相关性。恩替卡韦或干扰素不会影响本发明的RNA抑制剂的对HBsAg和HBeAg的效果；RNA抑制剂Ky-22与恩替卡韦或干扰素联合使用，也不影响恩替卡韦或干扰素对HBV DNA的抑制效果，甚至会强化干扰素对HBV DNA的作用效果，数据结果见图11。本发明的RNA抑制剂可以和恩替卡韦和干扰素联合使用。
实施例10 Ky-22对4种不同基因型(A、B、C、D)HBV细胞株的抑制效果研究
试验过程描述：
细胞株构建：选择在HepG2细胞的基础上，用sleeping beauty的转座子系统进行HBV基因的整合；细胞培养条件：DMEM+10％FBS，37℃、5％CO 2。4种不同基因型(A、B、C、D)的HBV1.3倍体基因通过Gibson
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000122
Master Mix连接到PT2/HB载体上，同时连接红色荧光蛋白和嘌呤霉素抗性基因，作为细胞株筛选时的标记；构建好的质粒分别与pCMV(CAT)T7-SB100用转染试剂X-tremeGENE HP DNA Transfection Reagent共转染到HepG2细胞中，转染方法为：按说明书配制好一块10cm培养皿的细胞转染所需的转染体系，静止20min，将汇合度达到70％的HepG2细胞消化成细胞悬液，加入配制好的转染体系， 混合均匀后放入培养箱培养。转染后48h用2μg/mL嘌呤霉素抗性进行筛选，不表达嘌呤霉素抗性的细胞即不整合HBV的细胞死亡，扩增整合HBV的细胞，并通过流式细胞仪分选出红色荧光强度高的细胞，即HBV整合拷贝数高的细胞，获得4种不同基因型的HBV稳定整合细胞株。
将对数生长期的A、B、C、D 4种基因型的HBV稳定整合细胞消化成细胞悬液，加入48孔板中(300μl/孔)，每孔约300000个细胞，待细胞汇合度达到70％(约铺板24h后)，加入以下浓度的Ky-22或者阴性对照siRNA(正义链SEQ ID NO.:146，反义链为SEQ ID NO.:147)：
4.1μg/mL、2.2μg/mL、1.1μg/mL、0.6μg/mL、0.3μg/mL、0.15μg/mL、0.0725μg/mL、0.03625μg/mL、0.018125μg/mL、0.0090625μg/mL、0.00453125μg/mL、0.00226563μg/mL、0.00113281μg/mL、0.000566406μg/mL、0.000283203μg/mL
或不加药，分别于24h，48h，72h将上清收集后保存至-20℃，并更换新鲜不加药的培养基。检测细胞上清中HBsAg的含量。
试验数据见图12。结果有显示与阴性对照siRNA处理组(Control)相比，Ky-22对于A、B、C和D基因型的HBV均具有显著的抑制效果，EC50(ng/mL)分别为22.72、25.45、29.06和23.35。
实施例三 体内药效研究
实施例1：RNA抑制剂对HBV转基因小鼠模型的HBsAg的降低效果研究
按实施例一所述的方法制备得到相应的RNA抑制剂Ky-08、Ky-10、Ky-13、Ky-19、Ky-21、Ky-22、Ky-23、Ky-26、Ky-27、Ky-29、Ky-37及Ky-39，选取65只、雄性、体重25～35g、周龄为8-10w的HBV转基因小鼠，饲养于符合SPF级标准动物房，湿度16～26℃，温度40～70％，循环光照(明暗各12小时)，自由摄食饮水。
动物分组前检测HBV HBsAg，按HBV HBsAg表达量进行随机分组，尽量保持各组HBV HBsAg的平均水平一致。将小鼠分为13组，每组5只，对照组(生理盐水)、给药组1-给药组12。给药剂量均为3mg/kg，单次给药，给药当天设置为d0，各组小鼠d0按0.04mL/10g皮下注射给予相应受试品液。动物观察时间4-6周不等，采血时间点d0、d7、d14、d21、d28、d35和d42。各组各采血时间通过小鼠眼眶静脉丛采集全血，3000×g离心5min，取上清，检测HBV HBsAg表达量。
将各给药组动物的HBsAg水平归一至给药前和对照组，试验数据如图13所示。
研究结果显示，本发明所述的RNA抑制剂在前三周均呈现出对HBV HBsAg水平显著的减少效果，其中最佳的降低率可达99.8％。因与5'MVIP和或3'MVIP偶联的位置不同，各RNA抑制剂对HBsAg的降低效果的持续时间不一致，其中Ky-19、Ky-22、Ky-26、Ky-29、Ky-37及Ky-39在d28仍维持在HBV HBsAg水平减少93％以上的效果，且Ky-22效果的持续性最好，在d35还维持在HBV HBsAg水平减少91％以上的效果。
实施例2：考察Ky-22序列调整对HBV转基因小鼠HBsAg抑制效果影响
按实施例一所述的方法制备得到相应的RNA抑制剂Ky-22、Ky-2201～Ky-2208，选取50只、雄性、体重25～35g、周龄为8-13w的HBV转基因小鼠，饲养于符合SPF级标准动物房，湿度16～26℃，温度40～70％，循环光照(明暗各12小时)，自由摄食饮水。
动物分组前检测HBV HBsAg，按HBV HBsAg表达量进行随机分组，尽量保持各组HBV HBsAg的平均水平一致。将小鼠分为10组，每组5只，对照组(生理盐水)、给药组(9组)。给药剂量均为3mg/kg，单次给药，给药当天设为d0，各组小鼠d0按0.04mL/10g皮下注射给予相应受试品液。动物观察时间6周，采血时间点d0、d7、d14、d21、d28、d35和d42。各组各采血时间通过小鼠眼眶静脉丛采集全血，3000×g离心5min，取上清，检测HBV HBsAg表达量。
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000123
将各给药组动物的HBsAg水平归一至给药前和对照组。
试验数据见图14，实施结果显示，与Ky-22相比较，正义链长度为21-mer的Ky-2201在降低HBsAg水平及效果持续性上并没有显著提高，甚至稍微降低了一些，所以本发明提供的RNA抑制剂正义链长最优选19-mer；与Ky-22相比较，正义链和反义链中各有一个核苷酸变化的Ky-2203的，其降低HBsAg水平及效果持续性上并没有明显影响；在Ky-2203设计的基础上，正义链长度为21-mer的Ky-2204与Ky-2203的作用效果无显著差异；在Ky-2203基础上调整氟代个数，氟代个数相对少的Ky-2208的作用效果稍稍优于Ky-2203；变换正义链或反义链3'末端的两个悬垂核苷酸得到的RNA抑制剂Ky-2205和Ky-2206与变换前作用效果无显著差异；说明本发明的RNA抑制剂容许正义链和反义链各出现1至3个的核苷酸的相差。与Ky-22相比较，正义链的5'末端和反义链3'末端的连续三个核苷酸之间的磷酸酯键的硫代被取消所得的Ky-2207在降低HBsAg水平效果及效果持续时间上影响显著。
本发明优选正义链的链长为19-mer、反义链的链长为21-mer的序列，允许其中有1至3个核苷酸的差异。
实施例3：AAV-HBV小鼠模型中，考察Ky-2208的剂效响应、单剂量重复给药对HBsAg的降低效果及是否能产生表面抗体HBsAb
试验过程描述：取36只适龄小鼠，屏障设施内饲养约7天，日常观察，无明显异常后进行实验。先将HBV病毒4℃依次解冻，用胰岛素注射器在小鼠尾静脉注射rAAV8-1.3HBV(五加和公司，ayw，病毒批号：A2020051801)，每只小鼠注射1×10 11v.g.。在造模后于第4周对动物进行采血、离心和收集血清并检测HBsAg指标。造模后第6周采血检测血清中HBsAg，根据HBsAg的检测结果，挑选30只小鼠随机分5组，尽量保持各组HBsAg的平均水平一致。分组后的第2周开始给药，给药当天采血检测HBsAg，设为d0天。各组给药信息和采血点如下表：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000124
将各给药组动物的HBsAg水平归一至给药前和对照组，所得试验数据HBsAg和HBsAb分别见图15和图16。
试验结果显示，在整个140天的考察期内，Ky-2208的9mg/kg组可以使AAV-HBV小鼠模型体内HBsAg水平降低范围在93.1％-99.6％，重复给药组考察至112天，抑制效果仍保持在95％以上；至98天，单剂量已在HBV模型鼠体内测出表面抗体HBsAb，使小鼠体内产生新的抗HBV免疫力。
实施例4：Ky-2208与当前慢性乙肝治疗所用的一线用药替诺福韦(TDF)比对研究和联合使用，在HBV转基因小鼠模型中考察对HBV的HBsAg抑制效果及是否有干扰作用
试验过程描述：HBV-Tg雄性小鼠，48只，体重25～35g，周龄8-13w，饲养于符合SPF级标准动物房，湿度16～26℃，温度40～70％，循环光照(明暗各12小时)，自由摄食饮水。化合物配制的溶剂为生理盐水，工作液浓度为0.75mg/mL。动物分组前检测HBV HBsAg，按HBV HBsAg表达量将48只雄性小鼠随机分为6组，每组8只，尽量保持各组HBV HBsAg的平均水平一致。实验共设6个组，分为1个对照组(0.9％生理盐水)和5个给药组。d0天单次给药，各组小鼠d0按0.04mL/10g皮下注射给予相应受试品液。分别在给药前d0，给药后d7、d14、d21、d28通过小鼠眼眶静脉丛采集全血，3000×g离心5min，取上清，d0、d7、d14、d21、d28送样检测HBV HBsAg。
具体给药方案见下表：
Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-000125
备注：sc为皮下注射，po为灌胃。
所得试验数据见图17。试验结果证实了核苷类似物抗乙肝药物TDF对HBV HBsAg没有抑制效果，联合使用时，也不影响本发明所述的RNA抑制剂对HBsAg的抑制效果。单用Ky-2208或Ky-2208与TDF联合使用，最高分别可以使HBsAg的水平降低99.95％和99.98％。

Claims (12)

  1. 一种抑制乙型肝炎病毒基因表达的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，
    所述RNA抑制剂由链长为15-30的正义链和反义链通过碱基配对形成，其中链长优选为19-23。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，
    所述正义链和反义链之间至少有85％的碱基互补；
    所述正义链或反义链的部分或全部核苷酸糖基2’位的-OH可以被取代，其中，所述取代基团为氟或甲氧基；
    且所述正义链或反义链的末端至少有3个相邻核苷酸之间的磷酸酯键可以硫代。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，所述正义链为SEQ ID NO.1或与其相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列；所述反义链为SEQ ID NO.58或与其相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列：
    正义链：5'ggguuuuucucguugacaa 3'   SEQ ID NO.:1
    反义链：5'uugucaacgagaaaaacccuu 3'   SEQ ID NO.:58
    其中，g＝鸟苷酸，a＝腺苷酸，u＝尿苷酸，c＝胞苷酸。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，所述正义链为SEQ ID NO.2或与其相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列；所述反义链为SEQ ID NO.59或与其相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列：
    正义链：5'Gs fGs G U fU U fU fU fC U C G U U G A Cs As A 3'    SEQ ID NO.:2
    反义链：5'Us Us G U C A fA C G A G fA A fA fA A C C Cs Us U 3'   SEQ ID NO.:59
    其中，G＝2'-O-甲基鸟苷酸，A＝2'-O-甲基腺苷酸，U＝2'-O-甲基尿苷酸，C＝2'-O-甲基胞苷酸；Gs＝2'-O-甲基-3’-硫代鸟苷酸，As＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代腺苷酸，Us＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代尿苷酸，Cs＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代胞苷酸；fG＝2'-氟鸟苷酸，fA＝2'-氟腺苷酸，fU＝2'-氟尿苷酸，fC＝2'-氟胞苷酸；fGs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代鸟苷酸，fAs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代腺苷酸，fUs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代尿苷酸，fCs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代胞苷酸。
  5. 根据权利要求2或3所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，所述正义链为SEQ ID NO.140或与其相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列；所述反义链为SEQ ID NO.141或与其相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列：
    正义链：5'ggguuuuucuuguugacaa 3'     SEQ ID NO.:140
    反义链：5'uugucaacaagaaaaacccuu 3'    SEQ ID NO.:141
    其中，g＝鸟苷酸，a＝腺苷酸，u＝尿苷酸，c＝胞苷酸。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，所述正义链为SEQ ID NO.142或与其相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列；所述反义链为SEQ ID NO.143或与其相差一个、两个或三个核苷酸的序列：
    正义链：5'Gs Gs G U fU U fU fU fC U U G U U G A Cs As A 3'    SEQ ID NO.:142
    反义链：5'Us Us G U C A fA C A A G fA A fA A A C C Cs Us U 3'   SEQ ID NO.:143
    其中，G＝2'-O-甲基鸟苷酸，A＝2'-O-甲基腺苷酸，U＝2'-O-甲基尿苷酸，C＝2'-O-甲基胞苷酸；Gs＝2'-O-甲基-3’-硫代鸟苷酸，As＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代腺苷酸，Us＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代尿苷酸，Cs＝2'-O-甲基-3'-硫代胞苷酸；fG＝2'-氟鸟苷酸，fA＝2'-氟腺苷酸，fU＝2'-氟尿苷酸，fC＝2'-氟胞苷酸；fGs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代鸟苷酸，fAs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代腺苷酸，fUs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代尿苷 酸，fCs＝2'-氟-3'-硫代胞苷酸。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，所述RNA抑制剂还含有5’MVIP和3’MVIP的组合，其中，
    所述5’MVIP和3’MVIP为带有肝靶向特异性配体X的配体结构，其还包含支链L、接头B和连接链D；
    所述5’MVIP偶联在所述正义链和/或反义链5’末端，其还包含与所述正义链或反义链5’末端连接的转接点R 1；
    所述3’MVIP偶联在所述反义链和/或正义链3’末端，其包含与所述正义链或反义链3’末端连接的转接点R 2；
    所述5’MVIP的结构如通式I所示，所述3’MVIP结构如通式II所示，
    Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-100001
    其中，
    n和m分别为0-4的整数，优选为1-3的整数，且n+m＝2-6的整数，优选n+m＝2、3或4，更优选为4；
    所述转接点R 1和R 2结构中带有-NH-、硫原子或氧原子，一般结构中至少有一个-NH-、硫原子或氧原子，R 1和R 2通过结构中-NH-、硫原子或氧原子分别与5'MVIP和3'MVIP的连接链D以及正义链和/或反义链5’末端和3'末端相连，所述转接点R 1和R 2可以是直链；带有酰胺基、羧基或烷基类支链的直链或者各种环状结构，环状结构如饱和或不饱和的脂肪族碳环基，或者含有硫、氧或氮原子的五元或六元杂环基或芳香烃基；
    R 1优选为-NH(CH 2) xCH 2O-，其中x为3-12的整数，优选为4-6的整数；
    R 2优选为-NH(CH 2) x1CH(OH)(CH 2) x2CH 2O-，其中x1为1-4的整数，x2为0-4的整数；
    所述肝靶向特异性配体X选自半乳糖、半乳糖胺、N-乙酰半乳糖胺及其衍生物，优先选自N-乙酰半乳糖胺及其衍生物，并且所述肝靶向特异性配体X在5’MVIP与3’MVIP各自的内部或5’MVIP与3’MVIP之间可以相同，也可以不同；
    所述支链L是含有-NH-、C＝O、O、S、酰胺基、磷酰基、硫代磷酰基、C4-C10脂肪族碳环基、苯基或者这些基团的组合的C4-C18直链，所述C4-C18直链可以带有乙基醇或羧酸类的侧链，所述支链L优选为含酰胺基或六元脂肪族碳环基的C7-C18直链，并且所述支链L在5’MVIP与3’MVIP各自的内部或5’MVIP与3’MVIP之间可以相同，也可以不同；
    所述接头B选自以下结构：
    Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-100002
    其中，A 1和A 2各自独立地是C、O、S、-NH-、羰基、酰胺基、磷酰基或硫代磷酰基，r为0-4的整数，并且所述接头B在5’MVIP与3’MVIP之间可以相同，也可以不同；
    所述连接链D是含有-NH-、C＝O、O、S、酰胺基、磷酰基、硫代磷酰基、芳香烃基、C4-C10脂肪族碳环基、含1-3个氮的五元或六元杂环基或者这些基团的组合的C3-C18直链，所述C3-C18直链可以带有甲基醇、甲基叔丁基、甲基苯酚基、C5-C6脂肪环基的侧链，所述连接链D优选为含两个C＝O、六元脂肪族碳环基或苯基的C3-C10直链，最优选含两个C＝O的C3-C10直链。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，所述5’MVIP为如下所示的5’MVIP01或5’MVIP09，所述3’MVIP为如下所示的3’MVIP01、3’MVIP09或3’MVIP17：
    Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-100003
    Figure PCTCN2022084381-appb-100004
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐，其中，所述正义链5’MVIP和反义链3’MVIP的组合为5’MVIP01/3’MVIP01、5’MVIP01/3’MVIP17或5’MVIP09/3’MVIP09，或者所述正义链5’MVIP和正义链3’MVIP的组合为5’MVIP01/3'MVIP09或5’MVIP09/3'MVIP01。
  10. 如权利要求1-9中任一项所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐在制备用于治疗肝源性疾病的药物中的应用，其中，所述肝源性疾病包括但不限于肝炎、肝肿瘤、肝硬化、黄疸、二型糖尿病、脂肪肝、血液系统的凝血性疾病、血液白蛋白及球蛋白相关的疾病、高血脂、动脉粥样硬化、原发性高血压。
  11. 一种药物组合物，该药物组合物包括权利要求1-9中任一项所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐和药学上可接受的辅料，其剂型为口服剂、静脉注射剂或者皮下或肌内注射剂，优选为皮下注射剂。
  12. 一种药物组合物，该药物组合物包含权利要求1-9中任一项所述的RNA抑制剂或其药学上可接受的盐和治疗慢性乙型肝炎的药物核苷类似物或干扰素。
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