WO2022210547A1 - 化合物、重合体及び防汚塗料組成物 - Google Patents
化合物、重合体及び防汚塗料組成物 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022210547A1 WO2022210547A1 PCT/JP2022/015030 JP2022015030W WO2022210547A1 WO 2022210547 A1 WO2022210547 A1 WO 2022210547A1 JP 2022015030 W JP2022015030 W JP 2022015030W WO 2022210547 A1 WO2022210547 A1 WO 2022210547A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- group
- monomer
- compound
- meth
- polymer
- Prior art date
Links
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 189
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 150
- 230000003373 anti-fouling effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 136
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 98
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 57
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 231
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 101
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 101
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 76
- 239000008199 coating composition Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 54
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000000753 cycloalkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 50
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 48
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 42
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 34
- 239000002519 antifouling agent Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 25
- YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Toluene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1 YXFVVABEGXRONW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 24
- 125000000623 heterocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000000379 polymerizing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(I) oxide Inorganic materials [Cu]O[Cu] BERDEBHAJNAUOM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cuprous oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Cu+].[Cu+] KRFJLUBVMFXRPN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940112669 cuprous oxide Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000007870 radical polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- QHNCWVQDOPICKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;1-hydroxypyridine-2-thione Chemical compound [Cu].ON1C=CC=CC1=S.ON1C=CC=CC1=S QHNCWVQDOPICKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 125000004029 hydroxymethyl group Chemical group [H]OC([H])([H])* 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical group [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- HRLIOXLXPOHXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N medetomidine Chemical compound C=1C=CC(C)=C(C)C=1C(C)C1=CN=C[N]1 HRLIOXLXPOHXTA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229960002140 medetomidine Drugs 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XNFIRYXKTXAHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N tralopyril Chemical compound BrC1=C(C(F)(F)F)NC(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)=C1C#N XNFIRYXKTXAHAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920006243 acrylic copolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000001183 hydrocarbyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 172
- -1 methacryloyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 93
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 35
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 23
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 20
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 19
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 18
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 17
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 15
- 125000001449 isopropyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 15
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 14
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 14
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 13
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- 125000005843 halogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 13
- 125000001570 methylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 13
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 13
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid group Chemical group C(C=C)(=O)O NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 125000002947 alkylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 11
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229920005992 thermoplastic resin Polymers 0.000 description 11
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000012986 chain transfer agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 10
- 125000004108 n-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 125000004123 n-propyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 10
- 239000004014 plasticizer Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 125000004051 hexyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 9
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical group 0.000 description 8
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 125000001147 pentyl group Chemical group C(CCCC)* 0.000 description 8
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 8
- RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Abietic-Saeure Natural products C12CCC(C(C)C)=CC2=CCC2C1(C)CCCC2(C)C(O)=O RSWGJHLUYNHPMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 125000005907 alkyl ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 7
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 7
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanopropan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylpropanenitrile Chemical compound N#CC(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methyl methacrylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C(C)=C VVQNEPGJFQJSBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N O-Xylene Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1C CTQNGGLPUBDAKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N Rosin Natural products O(C/C=C/c1ccccc1)[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](CO)O1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-HUOMCSJISA-N 0.000 description 6
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000000113 cyclohexyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 238000010528 free radical solution polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 125000003187 heptyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 6
- 125000000959 isobutyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007665 sagging Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 6
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-cinnamyl beta-D-glucopyranoside Natural products OC1C(O)C(O)C(CO)OC1OCC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 KHPCPRHQVVSZAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 6
- 125000003903 2-propenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000005073 adamantyl group Chemical group C12(CC3CC(CC(C1)C3)C2)* 0.000 description 5
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 125000001995 cyclobutyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 5
- 125000001559 cyclopropyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 125000003438 dodecyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 5
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 5
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 5
- DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N (+)-borneol Chemical group C1C[C@@]2(C)[C@@H](O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C DTGKSKDOIYIVQL-WEDXCCLWSA-N 0.000 description 4
- UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxybutane Chemical compound CCCCOC=C UZKWTJUDCOPSNM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O XDOFQFKRPWOURC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N AIBN Substances N#CC(C)(C)\N=N\C(C)(C)C#N OZAIFHULBGXAKX-VAWYXSNFSA-N 0.000 description 4
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyethyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCO WOBHKFSMXKNTIM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl chloride Chemical compound ClC=C BZHJMEDXRYGGRV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc monoxide Chemical compound [Zn]=O XLOMVQKBTHCTTD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000001447 alkali salts Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 125000004453 alkoxycarbonyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 125000002704 decyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monomethyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C=CC(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000001072 heteroaryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000001421 myristyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 125000001400 nonyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920002818 (Hydroxyethyl)methacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=CC=CC2=C1 LNETULKMXZVUST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- AVTLBBWTUPQRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-cyanobutan-2-yldiazenyl)-2-methylbutanenitrile Chemical compound CCC(C)(C#N)N=NC(C)(CC)C#N AVTLBBWTUPQRAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-phenylpropan-2-ylperoxy)propan-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XMNIXWIUMCBBBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical group CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N TOTP Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC=C1OP(=O)(OC=1C(=CC=CC=1)C)OC1=CC=CC=C1C YSMRWXYRXBRSND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid methyl ester Natural products COC(=O)C=C BAPJBEWLBFYGME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 3
- DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOC(C)=O DKPFZGUDAPQIHT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000000609 carbazolyl group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=2C3=CC=CC=C3NC12)* 0.000 description 3
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000004093 cyano group Chemical group *C#N 0.000 description 3
- 125000001511 cyclopentyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001747 exhibiting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000000956 methoxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])O* 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000004430 oxygen atom Chemical group O* 0.000 description 3
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 239000012188 paraffin wax Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000004076 pyridyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000004469 siloxy group Chemical group [SiH3]O* 0.000 description 3
- 125000004079 stearyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000002889 tridecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- 125000002948 undecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2-methylpropan-2-yl)oxy 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOOC(C)(C)C FVQMJJQUGGVLEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2-Divinylbenzene Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=CC=C1C=C MYRTYDVEIRVNKP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-dodecylperoxydodecane Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCOOCCCCCCCCCCCC LGJCFVYMIJLQJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)COC=C OZCMOJQQLBXBKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HZFQGYWRFABYSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxycyclohexene Chemical compound COC1=CCCCC1 HZFQGYWRFABYSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZKJNETINGMOHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-prop-1-enoxyprop-1-ene Chemical class CC=COC=CC ZKJNETINGMOHJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NXQMCAOPTPLPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-benzoyloxyethoxy)ethyl benzoate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OCCOCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 NXQMCAOPTPLPRL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(4-ethylcyclohexyl)propanoic acid 3-(3-ethylcyclopentyl)propanoic acid Chemical compound CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)C1.CCC1CCC(CCC(O)=O)CC1 HNNQYHFROJDYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4,4,4-trifluorobutan-2-one Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(F)(F)F BTXXTMOWISPQSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-Butyrolactone Chemical group O=C1CCCO1 YEJRWHAVMIAJKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical group [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 102100040409 Ameloblastin Human genes 0.000 description 2
- WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Bromine atom Chemical compound [Br] WKBOTKDWSSQWDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethoxyethane Chemical compound COCCOC XTHFKEDIFFGKHM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethylamine Chemical group CNC ROSDSFDQCJNGOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 2
- 101000891247 Homo sapiens Ameloblastin Proteins 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pentane Chemical compound CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004793 Polystyrene Substances 0.000 description 2
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyruvic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)C(O)=O LCTONWCANYUPML-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Terpinolene Chemical compound CC(C)=C1CCC(C)=CC1 MOYAFQVGZZPNRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl ether Chemical class C=COC=C QYKIQEUNHZKYBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002252 acyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000004423 acyloxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000005456 alcohol based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000004183 alkoxy alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001204 arachidyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000003710 aryl alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzothiazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC=NC2=C1 IOJUPLGTWVMSFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000001797 benzyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(C([H])=C1[H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N bromine Substances BrBr GDTBXPJZTBHREO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052794 bromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000012662 bulk polymerization Methods 0.000 description 2
- WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,4-diol Chemical compound OCCCCO WERYXYBDKMZEQL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000003917 carbamoyl group Chemical group [H]N([H])C(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 239000011203 carbon fibre reinforced carbon Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001732 carboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000003262 carboxylic acid ester group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])OC(=O)C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical group [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- CAMXOLUXKJMDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;naphthalene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 CAMXOLUXKJMDSB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000582 cycloheptyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexene Chemical compound C1CCC=CC1 HGCIXCUEYOPUTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000640 cyclooctyl group Chemical group [H]C1([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C1([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- YSEKNCXYRGKTBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 2-hydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(O)C(=O)OC YSEKNCXYRGKTBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000002147 dimethylamino group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])N(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N diphenylamine Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1NC1=CC=CC=C1 DMBHHRLKUKUOEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC=C FJKIXWOMBXYWOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004210 ether based solvent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate Natural products COCCOC(C)=O XLLIQLLCWZCATF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000816 ethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 125000005313 fatty acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- QEWYKACRFQMRMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CF QEWYKACRFQMRMB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001530 fumaric acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N fumaric acid monoethyl ester Natural products CCOC(=O)C=CC(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010440 gypsum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O IPCSVZSSVZVIGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004836 hexamethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:2])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:1] 0.000 description 2
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002960 margaryl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 125000001160 methoxycarbonyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])OC(*)=O 0.000 description 2
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-IHWYPQMZSA-N methyl hydrogen fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002808 molecular sieve Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000002950 monocyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-NSCUHMNNSA-N monomethyl fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O NKHAVTQWNUWKEO-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940005650 monomethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 125000004573 morpholin-4-yl group Chemical group N1(CCOCC1)* 0.000 description 2
- VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Hexane Chemical compound CCCCCC VLKZOEOYAKHREP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000000449 nitro group Chemical group [O-][N+](*)=O 0.000 description 2
- 125000004433 nitrogen atom Chemical group N* 0.000 description 2
- 125000001196 nonadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 239000004209 oxidized polyethylene wax Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000013873 oxidized polyethylene wax Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 125000002958 pentadecyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenolphthalein Chemical compound C1=CC(O)=CC=C1C1(C=2C=CC(O)=CC=2)C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)O1 KJFMBFZCATUALV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 2
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L phthalate(2-) Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C([O-])=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229920000233 poly(alkylene oxides) Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000003367 polycyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003505 polymerization initiator Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002223 polystyrene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 2
- FZYCEURIEDTWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-en-2-ylbenzene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1.CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 FZYCEURIEDTWNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrrolidin-2-one Chemical group O=C1CCCN1 HNJBEVLQSNELDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 125000000719 pyrrolidinyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007761 roller coating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000000467 secondary amino group Chemical group [H]N([*:1])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 description 2
- URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium aluminosilicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Al+3].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O URGAHOPLAPQHLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000454 talc Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052623 talc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000000383 tetramethylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- MZHROOGPARRVHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacetylene Chemical group C#CC#CC#C MZHROOGPARRVHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimethyl orthoformate Chemical compound COC(OC)OC PYOKUURKVVELLB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011787 zinc oxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- AMHNZOICSMBGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-L zineb Chemical compound [Zn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S AMHNZOICSMBGDH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- SMYMJHWAQXWPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N (2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl SMYMJHWAQXWPDB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NJYFRQQXXXRJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-aminophenyl) thiocyanate Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(SC#N)C=C1 NJYFRQQXXXRJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYWGNBFHIFRNEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N (4-benzoylphenyl) 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound C1=CC(OC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 RYWGNBFHIFRNEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NMYWDLBMAFTLMN-WUKNDPDISA-N (E)-4-[4-[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]butoxy]-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](CCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O)(C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 NMYWDLBMAFTLMN-WUKNDPDISA-N 0.000 description 1
- QCEMLEAFICYLBX-CCEZHUSRSA-N (E)-4-[[tert-butyl(diphenyl)silyl]methoxy]-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1[Si](COC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O)(C(C)(C)C)C1=CC=CC=C1 QCEMLEAFICYLBX-CCEZHUSRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KKMMAMLLJKUXNI-OUKQBFOZSA-N (E)-4-oxo-4-(4-tributylsilylbutoxy)but-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCC[Si](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O KKMMAMLLJKUXNI-OUKQBFOZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JJZONEUCDUQVGR-WXUKJITCSA-N (NE)-N-[(2E)-2-hydroxyimino-1,2-diphenylethylidene]hydroxylamine Chemical compound c1ccccc1\C(=N/O)\C(=N\O)\c1ccccc1 JJZONEUCDUQVGR-WXUKJITCSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UTOVMEACOLCUCK-SNAWJCMRSA-N (e)-4-butoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O UTOVMEACOLCUCK-SNAWJCMRSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ONEGZZNKSA-N (e)-4-ethoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VTWGIDKXXZRLGH-CMDGGOBGSA-N (e)-4-octoxy-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VTWGIDKXXZRLGH-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IQBLWPLYPNOTJC-FPLPWBNLSA-N (z)-4-(2-ethylhexoxy)-4-oxobut-2-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O IQBLWPLYPNOTJC-FPLPWBNLSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HDPNBNXLBDFELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,1-trimethoxyethane Chemical compound COC(C)(OC)OC HDPNBNXLBDFELL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MJYFYGVCLHNRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1,2-trifluoroethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OC(F)(F)CF MJYFYGVCLHNRKB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SKYXLDSRLNRAPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,4-trifluoro-5-methoxybenzene Chemical compound COC1=CC(F)=C(F)C=C1F SKYXLDSRLNRAPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-Diphenylbenzene Chemical group C1=CC=CC=C1C1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 YJTKZCDBKVTVBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940058015 1,3-butylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,4-Dioxane Chemical compound C1COCCO1 RYHBNJHYFVUHQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,9-Nonanediol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCO ALVZNPYWJMLXKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MLRCQIICAYVJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-but-1-enoxybut-1-ene Chemical class CCC=COC=CCC MLRCQIICAYVJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VCGVJLPFNCZECQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxycyclohexene Chemical compound CCCCOC1=CCCCC1 VCGVJLPFNCZECQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTHPNHFRFCAAPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-butoxycyclopentene Chemical compound CCCCOC1=CCCC1 JTHPNHFRFCAAPU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YVVDYBPXUWCBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-3-methylcyclohexene Chemical compound CCOC1=CC(C)CCC1 YVVDYBPXUWCBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AQTYNINXYJFSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxybut-1-ene Chemical compound CCOC=CCC AQTYNINXYJFSHD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NOKREJZAIYLIFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxycyclopentene Chemical compound CCOC1=CCCC1 NOKREJZAIYLIFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CCOCC(C)O JOLQKTGDSGKSKJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UJAXECDGHCUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxycycloheptene Chemical compound COC1=CCCCCC1 UJAXECDGHCUIDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GKIATJNLLNNGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxycyclopentene Chemical compound COC1=CCCC1 GKIATJNLLNNGJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound COCC(C)O ARXJGSRGQADJSQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLPJNCYCZORXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-morpholin-4-ylprop-2-en-1-one Chemical compound C=CC(=O)N1CCOCC1 XLPJNCYCZORXHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@H](COP([O-])(=O)OCC[N+](C)(C)C)OC(=O)CCC\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/C\C=C/CCCCC IIZPXYDJLKNOIY-JXPKJXOSSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FENFUOGYJVOCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-propoxypropan-2-ol Chemical compound CCCOCC(C)O FENFUOGYJVOCRY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- STFXXRRQKFUYEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 16-methylheptadecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C STFXXRRQKFUYEU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JKTCBAGSMQIFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,3-dihydrofuran Chemical compound C1CC=CO1 JKTCBAGSMQIFNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DPGYCJUCJYUHTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,4-trimethylpentan-2-yloxy 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOOC(C)(C)CC(C)(C)C DPGYCJUCJYUHTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003559 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxyacetic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-triallyloxy-1,3,5-triazine Chemical compound C=CCOC1=NC(OCC=C)=NC(OCC=C)=N1 BJELTSYBAHKXRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003923 2,5-pyrrolediones Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-DOMIDYPGSA-N 2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[14CH2]OC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-DOMIDYPGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethanol Chemical compound COCCOCCO SBASXUCJHJRPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYVAYAJYLWYJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-propoxypropoxy)propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCOC(C)COC(C)CO XYVAYAJYLWYJJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-phenylmethoxyphenyl)-1,3-thiazole-4-carbaldehyde Chemical compound O=CC1=CSC(C=2C=C(OCC=3C=CC=CC=3)C=CC=2)=N1 OEPOKWHJYJXUGD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BMFMTNROJASFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(furan-2-ylmethylsulfinyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CS(=O)CC1=CC=CO1 BMFMTNROJASFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-(2-hydroxypropoxy)propoxy]propan-1-ol Chemical compound CC(O)COC(C)COC(C)CO LCZVSXRMYJUNFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXHZNLCKXHJYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethoxy]ethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound COCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOCCOC(=O)C(C)=C TXHZNLCKXHJYNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NCDBYAPSWOPDRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[dichloro(fluoro)methyl]sulfanylisoindole-1,3-dione Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(=O)N(SC(Cl)(Cl)F)C(=O)C2=C1 NCDBYAPSWOPDRN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(C)=O JTXMVXSTHSMVQF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UFIOPCXETLAGLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-acetyloxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCOC(=O)C=C UFIOPCXETLAGLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PGYJSURPYAAOMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethenoxy-2-methylpropane Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OC=C PGYJSURPYAAOMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-ethoxyethanol Chemical compound CCOCCO ZNQVEEAIQZEUHB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OCCO HXDLWJWIAHWIKI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000954 2-hydroxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])O[H] 0.000 description 1
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YXYJVFYWCLAXHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound COCCOC(=O)C(C)=C YXYJVFYWCLAXHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HFCUBKYHMMPGBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methoxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound COCCOC(=O)C=C HFCUBKYHMMPGBY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IFXDUNDBQDXPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutan-2-yl 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)CC IFXDUNDBQDXPQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RCEJCSULJQNRQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylbutanenitrile Chemical compound CCC(C)C#N RCEJCSULJQNRQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UOBYKYZJUGYBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-naphthoic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 UOBYKYZJUGYBDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLAMLWHELXOEJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitrobenzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O SLAMLWHELXOEJZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTCWIPWLOOKDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-nitronaphthalene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC2=C1 OKTCWIPWLOOKDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVPQMESWKIQHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea Chemical compound CN(C)C(=O)NC1=CC=CC(Cl)=C1Cl ZVPQMESWKIQHGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,3-dimethoxyphenyl)prop-2-enal Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=CC=O)=C1OC FRIBMENBGGCKPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UZIRFBMYVLTOHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)pyrrole-2,5-dione Chemical compound ClC1=CC(Cl)=CC(Cl)=C1C1=CC(=O)NC1=O UZIRFBMYVLTOHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DSSAWHFZNWVJEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-(ethenoxymethyl)heptane Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC=C DSSAWHFZNWVJEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940099451 3-iodo-2-propynylbutylcarbamate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- WYVVKGNFXHOCQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-iodoprop-2-yn-1-yl butylcarbamate Chemical compound CCCCNC(=O)OCC#CI WYVVKGNFXHOCQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylideneoxolane-2,5-dione Chemical compound C=C1CC(=O)OC1=O OFNISBHGPNMTMS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHSXTWFYRGOBGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-methylsalicylic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1O WHSXTWFYRGOBGO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PEJTXKFLHJIZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-octoxycarbonylbut-3-enoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C(=C)CC(O)=O PEJTXKFLHJIZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoxyprop-1-ene Chemical compound C=CCOCC=C ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MUBMBUGIVIAHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-propylphthalic acid Chemical compound CCCC1=CC=CC(C(O)=O)=C1C(O)=O MUBMBUGIVIAHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BESKSSIEODQWBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-tris(trimethylsilyloxy)silylpropyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCCC[Si](O[Si](C)(C)C)(O[Si](C)(C)C)O[Si](C)(C)C BESKSSIEODQWBP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VVAAYFMMXYRORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-butoxy-2-methylidene-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O VVAAYFMMXYRORI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethenylpyridine Chemical compound C=CC1=CC=NC=C1 KFDVPJUYSDEJTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RTTAGBVNSDJDTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-ethoxy-2-methylidene-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O RTTAGBVNSDJDTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBVKVAIECGDBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-2-methylidenebutanamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C(=C)CCO SBVKVAIECGDBTC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SXIFAEWFOJETOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-hydroxy-butyl Chemical group [CH2]CCCO SXIFAEWFOJETOA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OIYTYGOUZOARSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methoxy-2-methylidene-4-oxobutanoic acid Chemical compound COC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O OIYTYGOUZOARSH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BGCWDXXJMUHZHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-2,3-dihydrofuran Chemical compound CC1=CCCO1 BGCWDXXJMUHZHE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAOABCKPVCUNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 8-methyl Nonanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCC(O)=O OAOABCKPVCUNKO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N Abietic acid Natural products CC(C)C1=CC2=CC[C@]3(C)[C@](C)(CCC[C@@]3(C)C(=O)O)[C@H]2CC1 BQACOLQNOUYJCE-FYZZASKESA-N 0.000 description 1
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acetate Chemical compound CC([O-])=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylonitrile Chemical compound C=CC#N NLHHRLWOUZZQLW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005995 Aluminium silicate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005711 Benzoic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004342 Benzoyl peroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzoylperoxide Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(=O)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 OMPJBNCRMGITSC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron trifluoride etherate Chemical compound FB(F)F.CCOCC KZMGYPLQYOPHEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SHCSNNCATVDQEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N CC(C)(C)[Si](COC(=O)C(CC(=O)O)O)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2 Chemical compound CC(C)(C)[Si](COC(=O)C(CC(=O)O)O)(C1=CC=CC=C1)C2=CC=CC=C2 SHCSNNCATVDQEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBHHDDUMNHFLAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCC(C(C(=O)O)[Si](C1=CC=CC=C1)(C2=CC=CC=C2)C(C)(C)C)(C(=O)O)O Chemical compound CCCCC(C(C(=O)O)[Si](C1=CC=CC=C1)(C2=CC=CC=C2)C(C)(C)C)(C(=O)O)O HBHHDDUMNHFLAE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HPEQTKFBCVYZPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N CCCCC(C(C(=O)O)[Si](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC)(C(=O)O)O Chemical compound CCCCC(C(C(=O)O)[Si](CCCC)(CCCC)CCCC)(C(=O)O)O HPEQTKFBCVYZPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium propionate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O BCZXFFBUYPCTSJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000004709 Chlorinated polyethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Di-n-octyl phthalate Natural products CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC MQIUGAXCHLFZKX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl decanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCCC PYGXAGIECVVIOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PDSCSYLDRHAHOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dibutyl malate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(O)C(=O)OCCCC PDSCSYLDRHAHOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VOWAEIGWURALJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dicyclohexyl phthalate Chemical compound C=1C=CC=C(C(=O)OC2CCCCC2)C=1C(=O)OC1CCCCC1 VOWAEIGWURALJQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical class S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BUDQDWGNQVEFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydropyran Chemical compound C1COC=CC1 BUDQDWGNQVEFAC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RDOFJDLLWVCMRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisobutyl adipate Chemical compound CC(C)COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OCC(C)C RDOFJDLLWVCMRU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diisodecyl phthalate Chemical compound CC(C)CCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCCCCCC(C)C ZVFDTKUVRCTHQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acrylate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C=C JIGUQPWFLRLWPJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ARJAWSKDSA-N Ethyl hydrogen fumarate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O XLYMOEINVGRTEX-ARJAWSKDSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Maleimide Chemical compound O=C1NC(=O)C=C1 PEEHTFAAVSWFBL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methoxyethane Chemical compound CCOC XOBKSJJDNFUZPF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021314 Palmitic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002845 Poly(methacrylic acid) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Sulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O PMZURENOXWZQFD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tetraethyl orthosilicate Chemical compound CCO[Si](OCC)(OCC)OCC BOTDANWDWHJENH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YYQRGCZGSFRBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triclofos Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)OCC(Cl)(Cl)Cl YYQRGCZGSFRBAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Vinyl acetate Chemical compound CC(=O)OC=C XTXRWKRVRITETP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002433 Vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MZVQCMJNVPIDEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N [CH2]CN(CC)CC Chemical group [CH2]CN(CC)CC MZVQCMJNVPIDEA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OACJJGXVESUPTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Ca].OC(=O)c1c(ccc2ccccc12)[N+]([O-])=O Chemical compound [Ca].OC(=O)c1c(ccc2ccccc12)[N+]([O-])=O OACJJGXVESUPTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WPZSJJJTNREFSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Zn].[O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1S Chemical compound [Zn].[O-][N+]1=CC=CC=C1S WPZSJJJTNREFSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L [dibutyl(dodecanoyloxy)stannyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)O[Sn](CCCC)(CCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCCCCC UKLDJPRMSDWDSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006096 absorbing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid trimethyl ester Natural products COC(C)=O KXKVLQRXCPHEJC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UMRSVAKGZBVPKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;copper Chemical compound [Cu].CC(O)=O UMRSVAKGZBVPKD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;zinc Chemical compound [Zn].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O ZOIORXHNWRGPMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003668 acetyloxy group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(=O)O[*] 0.000 description 1
- 125000004018 acid anhydride group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ATMLPEJAVWINOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acrylic acid acrylic acid Chemical class OC(=O)C=C.OC(=O)C=C ATMLPEJAVWINOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000007259 addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001338 aliphatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920000180 alkyd Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229940045714 alkyl sulfonate alkylating agent Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000008052 alkyl sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-Methylstyrene Chemical compound CC(=C)C1=CC=CC=C1 XYLMUPLGERFSHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K aluminium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[OH-].[Al+3] WNROFYMDJYEPJX-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000012211 aluminium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;potassium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[K+] DLHONNLASJQAHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052925 anhydrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003963 antioxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004945 aromatic hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011324 bead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002511 behenyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000000440 bentonite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000278 bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N bentoquatam Chemical compound O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O SVPXDRXYRYOSEX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000010233 benzoic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000019400 benzoyl peroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCC(CC)CCCC BJQHLKABXJIVAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N bis(prop-2-enyl) (z)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound C=CCOC(=O)\C=C/C(=O)OCC=C ZPOLOEWJWXZUSP-WAYWQWQTSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000019437 butane-1,3-diol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000004106 butoxy group Chemical group [*]OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])C(C([H])([H])[H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N butyl acrylate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C=C CQEYYJKEWSMYFG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O VSGNNIFQASZAOI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001639 calcium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011092 calcium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960005147 calcium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000004301 calcium benzoate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010237 calcium benzoate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004330 calcium propionate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010331 calcium propionate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940018333 calcium pyruvate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium sulfate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O OSGAYBCDTDRGGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YFPZYGHCFMOTQL-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;16-methylheptadecanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O YFPZYGHCFMOTQL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JCIJTRWLHXDLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl JCIJTRWLHXDLIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OELHGLKNIZVMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OELHGLKNIZVMAA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OLBJZJZARFENTH-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-chloroacetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CCl.[O-]C(=O)CCl OLBJZJZARFENTH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AXCOBSSBNJZTEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-fluoroacetate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)CF.[O-]C(=O)CF AXCOBSSBNJZTEY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- OAKHANKSRIPFCE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(=C)C([O-])=O.CC(=C)C([O-])=O OAKHANKSRIPFCE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GTLPLPFRWIOYMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-nitrobenzoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O GTLPLPFRWIOYMV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UZWMCCLZMHPPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;2-oxopropanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CC(=O)C([O-])=O.CC(=O)C([O-])=O UZWMCCLZMHPPKW-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HZQXCUSDXIKLGS-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;dibenzoate;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.[Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 HZQXCUSDXIKLGS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HRBZRZSCMANEHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O HRBZRZSCMANEHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- KCVBJDWRXNEWRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;naphthalene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 KCVBJDWRXNEWRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YBGHFLPNIGPGHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;octan-1-olate Chemical compound [Ca+2].CCCCCCCC[O-].CCCCCCCC[O-] YBGHFLPNIGPGHX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TXTCTCUXLQYGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C TXTCTCUXLQYGLA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GBJDNVUTIZFSJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium;quinoline-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Ca+2].C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 GBJDNVUTIZFSJP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000011088 calibration curve Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002915 carbonyl group Chemical group [*:2]C([*:1])=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012295 chemical reaction liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N chloroacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCl FOCAUTSVDIKZOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorothalonil Chemical compound ClC1=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C(Cl)C(C#N)=C1Cl CRQQGFGUEAVUIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrifluoroethylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)Cl UUAGAQFQZIEFAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018560 citraconate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N citraconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C\C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229940018557 citraconic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000004581 coalescence Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt(2+) Chemical compound [Co+2] XLJKHNWPARRRJB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZBYYWKJVSFHYJL-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+);diacetate;tetrahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.[Co+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O ZBYYWKJVSFHYJL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FWQKAPMIAMZXEP-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl FWQKAPMIAMZXEP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZJXMTQAVOYHPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl ZJXMTQAVOYHPDA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SMBIRMBGEIZAAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-chloroacetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)CCl.[O-]C(=O)CCl SMBIRMBGEIZAAD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UMDZPTZRSLRIAV-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-fluoroacetate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)CF.[O-]C(=O)CF UMDZPTZRSLRIAV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VZWHXRLOECMQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CC(=C)C([O-])=O.CC(=C)C([O-])=O VZWHXRLOECMQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SKBIZDDDGXQRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-nitrobenzoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O SKBIZDDDGXQRMJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- AVRVRPDLEPSOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;2-nitronaphthalene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC2=C1 AVRVRPDLEPSOFO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- BRYHFXHFYKQZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper;2-oxopropanoic acid Chemical compound [Cu].CC(=O)C(O)=O BRYHFXHFYKQZGZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQVVSSAWECGTRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;dithiocyanate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[S-]C#N.[S-]C#N BQVVSSAWECGTRN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GYPBUYJSHBFNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GYPBUYJSHBFNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VNZQQAVATKSIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;octanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O VNZQQAVATKSIBR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XPLSDXJBKRIVFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C XPLSDXJBKRIVFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LZJJVTQGPPWQFS-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;propanoate Chemical compound [Cu+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O LZJJVTQGPPWQFS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JLOULEJYJNBUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L copper;quinoline-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Cu+2].C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 JLOULEJYJNBUMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000007799 cork Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- NMCCNOZOBBWFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N davicil Chemical compound CS(=O)(=O)C1=C(Cl)C(Cl)=NC(Cl)=C1Cl NMCCNOZOBBWFMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N decane-1,10-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCCCCCO FOTKYAAJKYLFFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012024 dehydrating agents Substances 0.000 description 1
- LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N di-tert-butyl peroxide Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(C)(C)C LSXWFXONGKSEMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N dibutyl (e)-but-2-enedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OCCCC JBSLOWBPDRZSMB-BQYQJAHWSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OGVXYCDTRMDYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl 2-methylidenebutanedioate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(=C)C(=O)OCCCC OGVXYCDTRMDYOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N diglyme Chemical compound COCCOCCOC SBZXBUIDTXKZTM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000004852 dihydrofuranyl group Chemical group O1C(CC=C1)* 0.000 description 1
- IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dihydroxy(oxo)silane Chemical compound O[Si](O)=O IJKVHSBPTUYDLN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- HUKIJZIDGFUNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl 4-oxocyclohexane-1,2-dicarboxylate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1CCC(=O)CC1C(=O)OC HUKIJZIDGFUNMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QYMFNZIUDRQRSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl butanedioate;dimethyl hexanedioate;dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCC(=O)OC.COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC.COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC QYMFNZIUDRQRSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ONEGZZNKSA-N dimethyl fumarate Chemical compound COC(=O)\C=C\C(=O)OC LDCRTTXIJACKKU-ONEGZZNKSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960004419 dimethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl phthalate Natural products CC(=O)OC1=CC=CC=C1OC(C)=O FBSAITBEAPNWJG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229960001826 dimethylphthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HGQSXVKHVMGQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioctyltin Chemical compound CCCCCCCC[Sn]CCCCCCCC HGQSXVKHVMGQRG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012674 dispersion polymerization Methods 0.000 description 1
- WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecane-1-thiol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCS WNAHIZMDSQCWRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010556 emulsion polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007720 emulsion polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003759 ester based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethenyl propanoate Chemical compound CCC(=O)OC=C UIWXSTHGICQLQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000005448 ethoxyethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])OC([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- BQUDLWUEXZTHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl propaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCOOC(=O)CC BQUDLWUEXZTHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000706 filtrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N fluoroethene Chemical compound FC=C XUCNUKMRBVNAPB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N formic acid ethyl ester Natural products CCOC=O WBJINCZRORDGAQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000003055 glycidyl group Chemical group C(C1CO1)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000003827 glycol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexane-1,6-diol Chemical compound OCCCCCCO XXMIOPMDWAUFGU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCC(O)=O FUZZWVXGSFPDMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 230000003301 hydrolyzing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- HDHLIWCXDDZUFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N irgarol 1051 Chemical compound CC(C)(C)NC1=NC(SC)=NC(NC2CC2)=N1 HDHLIWCXDDZUFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-IHWYPQMZSA-N isocrotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C/C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-IHWYPQMZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanate group Chemical group [N-]=C=O IQPQWNKOIGAROB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002513 isocyanates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000001261 isocyanato group Chemical group *N=C=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000001972 isopentyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N kaolin Chemical compound O.O.O=[Al]O[Si](=O)O[Si](=O)O[Al]=O NLYAJNPCOHFWQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005453 ketone based solvent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011133 lead Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940057995 liquid paraffin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- PJJZFXPJNUVBMR-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium benzoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 PJJZFXPJNUVBMR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium carbonate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C([O-])=O ZLNQQNXFFQJAID-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000001095 magnesium carbonate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000021 magnesium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- CQQJGTPWCKCEOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dipropionate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O CQQJGTPWCKCEOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229940063002 magnesium palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- HPXMGAUAFPBAQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl HPXMGAUAFPBAQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- SUYHVQFAQPEJLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-chloroacetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CCl.[O-]C(=O)CCl SUYHVQFAQPEJLE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LFDKGAGSXQRVIR-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-fluoroacetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CF.[O-]C(=O)CF LFDKGAGSXQRVIR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DZBOAIYHPIPCBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC(=C)C([O-])=O.CC(=C)C([O-])=O DZBOAIYHPIPCBP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JFXCPXYIAJQLSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-nitrobenzoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O JFXCPXYIAJQLSI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CVXFRWWWQTZRBX-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;2-nitronaphthalene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Mg+2].C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC2=C1 CVXFRWWWQTZRBX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- ABSWXCXMXIZDSN-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O ABSWXCXMXIZDSN-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HPBJPFJVNDHMEG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;octanoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O HPBJPFJVNDHMEG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DWLAVVBOGOXHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C DWLAVVBOGOXHNH-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- IEXLHMWSNGVXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;quinoline-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Mg+2].C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 IEXLHMWSNGVXFY-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N maleamic acid Chemical compound NC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O FSQQTNAZHBEJLS-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YKSNLCVSTHTHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L maneb Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S YKSNLCVSTHTHJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000006224 matting agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940074369 monoethyl fumarate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-(2-methyl-4-oxopentan-2-yl)prop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(=O)CC(C)(C)NC(=O)C=C OMNKZBIFPJNNIO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Pentadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O WQEPLUUGTLDZJY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-propan-2-ylprop-2-enamide Chemical compound CC(C)NC(=O)C=C QNILTEGFHQSKFF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CAEJZMWPXYFYPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene-2-carboxylic acid zinc Chemical compound [Zn].OC(=O)c1ccc2ccccc2c1.OC(=O)c1ccc2ccccc2c1 CAEJZMWPXYFYPT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N neopentyl glycol Chemical compound OCC(C)(C)CO SLCVBVWXLSEKPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 description 1
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(O)=O WWZKQHOCKIZLMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- MADOXCFISYCULS-UHFFFAOYSA-N octyl 2-sulfanylacetate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CS MADOXCFISYCULS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002905 orthoesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaerythritol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)CO WXZMFSXDPGVJKK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N pent‐4‐en‐2‐one Natural products CC(=O)CC=C PNJWIWWMYCMZRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000019271 petrolatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZQADNTPYZIZRRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L phenyl(dipyridin-2-yl)bismuth(2+);dichloride Chemical compound C=1C=CC=NC=1[Bi](Cl)(C=1N=CC=CC=1)(Cl)C1=CC=CC=C1 ZQADNTPYZIZRRM-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000098 polyolefin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920001296 polysiloxane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001289 polyvinyl ether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylbenzene Chemical compound C=CCC1=CC=CC=C1 HJWLCRVIBGQPNF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019260 propionic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene glycol methyl ether acetate Chemical compound COCC(C)OC(C)=O LLHKCFNBLRBOGN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- WJSXSXUHWBSPEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine;triphenylborane Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1.C1=CC=CC=C1B(C=1C=CC=CC=1)C1=CC=CC=C1 WJSXSXUHWBSPEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003222 pyridines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229940107700 pyruvic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- LOAUVZALPPNFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N quinaldic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)O)=CC=C21 LOAUVZALPPNFOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N quinbolone Chemical compound O([C@H]1CC[C@H]2[C@H]3[C@@H]([C@]4(C=CC(=O)C=C4CC3)C)CC[C@@]21C)C1=CCCC1 IUVKMZGDUIUOCP-BTNSXGMBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011342 resin composition Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RSVDRWTUCMTKBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sbb057044 Chemical compound C12CC=CC2C2CC(OCCOC(=O)C=C)C1C2 RSVDRWTUCMTKBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002914 sec-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])(*)C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003377 silicon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012748 slip agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052938 sodium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011152 sodium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamide Chemical compound NS(N)(=O)=O NVBFHJWHLNUMCV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010558 suspension polymerization method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010557 suspension polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- MUTNCGKQJGXKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tamibarotene Chemical compound C=1C=C2C(C)(C)CCC(C)(C)C2=CC=1NC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)C=C1 MUTNCGKQJGXKEM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000007586 terpenes Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiabendazole Chemical compound S1C=NC(C=2NC3=CC=CC=C3N=2)=C1 WJCNZQLZVWNLKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioglycolic acid Chemical class OC(=O)CS CWERGRDVMFNCDR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiram Chemical compound CN(C)C(=S)SSC(=S)N(C)C KUAZQDVKQLNFPE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960002447 thiram Drugs 0.000 description 1
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KNNOZYMZRGTZQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)silyl 2-methylprop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)OC(=O)C(C)=C KNNOZYMZRGTZQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PQSIXYSSKXAOFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N tri(propan-2-yl)silyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CC(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)OC(=O)C=C PQSIXYSSKXAOFE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002306 tributylsilyl group Chemical group C(CCC)[Si](CCCC)(CCCC)* 0.000 description 1
- 229960001147 triclofos Drugs 0.000 description 1
- GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethyl orthoformate Chemical compound CCOC(OCC)OCC GKASDNZWUGIAMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000025 triisopropylsilyl group Chemical group C(C)(C)[Si](C(C)C)(C(C)C)* 0.000 description 1
- 125000000026 trimethylsilyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])[Si]([*])(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- JNXDCMUUZNIWPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioctyl benzene-1,2,4-tricarboxylate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)C(C(=O)OCCCCCCCC)=C1 JNXDCMUUZNIWPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005292 vacuum distillation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004246 zinc acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940012185 zinc palmitate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- MPLUJWVUQCBCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;16-methylheptadecanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CC(C)CCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O MPLUJWVUQCBCBX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- HVGUUJKMOLOBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC(Cl)=C(Cl)C=C1Cl HVGUUJKMOLOBHU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- REDQSTCNNRSGCI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-(2,4-dichlorophenoxy)acetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl.[O-]C(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl REDQSTCNNRSGCI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- YEOOSEARUBCNSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-chloroacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CCl.[O-]C(=O)CCl YEOOSEARUBCNSL-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LDHNBZQNIWUKEG-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-fluoroacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)CF.[O-]C(=O)CF LDHNBZQNIWUKEG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- FIHFSAQQCBNMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-nitrobenzoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1[N+]([O-])=O FIHFSAQQCBNMHR-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- NZBPBKKXMQWABX-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-nitronaphthalene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=CC2=C1 NZBPBKKXMQWABX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UBRKSSSORHJPQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;2-oxopropanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC(=O)C([O-])=O.CC(=O)C([O-])=O UBRKSSSORHJPQI-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- JDLYKQWJXAQNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;dibenzoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1.[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 JDLYKQWJXAQNNS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- GJAPSKMAVXDBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;hexadecanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC([O-])=O GJAPSKMAVXDBIU-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- MTYHLWRUYCUTPA-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;naphthalene-1-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1.C1=CC=C2C(C(=O)[O-])=CC=CC2=C1 MTYHLWRUYCUTPA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;octanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCCCCCCC([O-])=O.CCCCCCCC([O-])=O CHJMFFKHPHCQIJ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;prop-2-enoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]C(=O)C=C.[O-]C(=O)C=C XKMZOFXGLBYJLS-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- XDWXRAYGALQIFG-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;propanoate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CCC([O-])=O.CCC([O-])=O XDWXRAYGALQIFG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- WNZNEKPFXJXMSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc;quinoline-2-carboxylate Chemical compound [Zn+2].C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21.C1=CC=CC2=NC(C(=O)[O-])=CC=C21 WNZNEKPFXJXMSK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L ziram Chemical compound [Zn+2].CN(C)C([S-])=S.CN(C)C([S-])=S DUBNHZYBDBBJHD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/04—Polymers provided for in subclasses C08C or C08F
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F230/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F230/04—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal
- C08F230/08—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing silicon
- C08F230/085—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing silicon the monomer being a polymerisable silane, e.g. (meth)acryloyloxy trialkoxy silanes or vinyl trialkoxysilanes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F290/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups
- C08F290/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers modified by introduction of aliphatic unsaturated end or side groups on to polymers modified by introduction of unsaturated end groups
- C08F290/04—Polymers provided for in subclasses C08C or C08F
- C08F290/046—Polymers of unsaturated carboxylic acids or derivatives thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F30/00—Homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal
- C08F30/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal
- C08F30/08—Homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and containing phosphorus, selenium, tellurium or a metal containing a metal containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D133/00—Coating compositions based on homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical, or of salts, anhydrides, esters, amides, imides, or nitriles thereof; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D151/003—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving unsaturated carbon-to-carbon bonds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D201/00—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds
- C09D201/02—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups
- C09D201/10—Coating compositions based on unspecified macromolecular compounds characterised by the presence of specified groups, e.g. terminal or pendant functional groups containing hydrolysable silane groups
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/16—Antifouling paints; Underwater paints
Definitions
- the present invention relates to compounds, polymers and antifouling coating compositions.
- This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2021-061682 filed in Japan on March 31, 2021, the contents of which are incorporated herein.
- a coating film obtained from a self-polishing antifouling paint exhibits an antifouling effect over a long period of time by gradually dissolving the coating film surface in seawater and renewing the surface (self-polishing).
- Patent Document 1 ⁇ 4 As a self-polishing antifouling paint, for example, one using a polymer containing a structural unit based on a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group-containing monomer such as triisopropyl (meth)acrylate has been proposed (Patent Document 1 ⁇ 4).
- a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group is hydrolyzable.
- a coating film containing the polymer exhibits an antifouling effect due to the hydrolysis of the triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group in seawater, thereby increasing the solubility in seawater.
- JP-A-8-269390 Japanese Patent No. 6579413 WO2017/051922 WO2018/092668
- An object of the present invention is to provide a compound and a polymer capable of forming an antifouling coating composition capable of forming a coating film having excellent antifouling properties, and an antifouling coating composition capable of forming a coating film having excellent antifouling properties. do.
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- [6] The compound according to any one of [3] to [5], which has a weight average molecular weight of 2000 or more and 1000000 or less.
- [7] Any one of [3] to [6], wherein the ratio of structural units based on the monomer (M) with respect to the mass of the entire compound is 5% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less.
- Compound [8] The compound according to any one of [3] to [7], represented by the following formula (MM-1).
- X 1 to X n each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a hydroxymethyl group
- R and Y 1 to Y n each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, heterocyclic group, or triorganosilyl group, two or more of Y 1 to Y n are triorganosilyl groups, n is a natural number of 3 or more, and Z is a terminal group.
- [10] preferably contains a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group; more preferably contains a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group represented by the following formula (1); triorganosilyloxy represented by the following formula (1) a carbonyl group, wherein R 1 to R 3 each independently preferably have a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group which is a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms, [3] to [9]
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- the solid acid value is preferably 10 mgKOH/g or more and 240 mgKOH/g or less, more preferably 20 mgKOH/g or more and 180 mgKOH/g or less, and more preferably 50 mgKOH/g or more and 150 mgKOH/g or less.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) is preferably ⁇ 10° C. or higher and 90° C. or lower, more preferably 10° C. or higher and 90° C.
- the compound according to . [13] The compound according to any one of [3] to [12], wherein the weight average molecular weight (Mw) is preferably 2000 or more and 1000000 or less, more preferably 2000 or more and 100000 or less, and further preferably 2000 or more and 10000 or less.
- the molecular weight dispersity is preferably 1.0 or more and 4.0 or less, more preferably 1.0 or more and 3.5 or less, and further preferably 1.0 or more and 3.0 or less, [3] to [13]
- the solubility parameter (sp) is preferably 2.0 or more and 9.0 or less, more preferably 3.0 or more and 8.0 or less, further preferably 4.0 or more and 7.0 or less, [3]-[ 14], the compound according to any one of [16]
- the ratio of the number of triorganosilyl groups to the total number of Y 1 to Y n is preferably 5 to 100 mol%, preferably 10 to 60 mol%, more preferably 20 to 40 mol%.
- the ratio of structural units based on the monomer (M) to the mass of the entire compound is preferably 5% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, and 20% by mass or more.
- the ratio of structural units based on the monomer (M) to the total (100 mol%) of all structural units constituting the compound is preferably 5 to 100 mol%, preferably 10 to 60 mol%, The compound according to any one of [3] to [17], more preferably 20 to 40 mol%.
- a polymer comprising a structural unit based on the compound according to any one of [3] to [18].
- the solid acid value is preferably 20 mgKOH/g or more and 120 mgKOH/g or less, more preferably 25 mgKOH/g or more and 90 mgKOH/g or less, and further preferably 30 mgKOH/g or more and 60 mgKOH/g or less.
- Glass transition temperature (Tg) is preferably ⁇ 10° C. or higher and 70° C. or lower, more preferably 0° C. or higher and 50° C. or lower, further preferably 10° C. or higher and 30° C. or lower, any of [19] to [23] or the polymer according to claim 1.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of any one of [19] to [24] is preferably 2000 or more and 100000 or less, more preferably 5000 or more and 50000 or less, and further preferably 10000 or more and 20000 or less. Combined.
- the molecular weight dispersity is preferably 1.0 or more and 4.0 or less, more preferably 1.0 or more and 3.5 or less, and further preferably 1.0 or more and 3.0 or less, [19] to [25] The polymer according to any one of the above.
- the solubility parameter (sp) is preferably 2.0 or more and 10.0 or less, more preferably 3.0 or more and 9.0 or less, further preferably 4.5 or more and 8.0 or less, [19]-[ 26], the polymer according to any one of the above items.
- the ratio of structural units based on the compound to the total of all structural units constituting the polymer is preferably 5% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 55% by mass or less.
- An antifouling paint composition comprising the compound according to any one of [3] to [18].
- An antifouling coating composition comprising the polymer according to any one of [1], [2], and [19] to [28].
- the antifouling agent preferably contains a copper-based antifouling agent containing copper; preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of cuprous oxide and copper pyrithione; The antifouling paint composition described.
- the antifouling agent is cuprous oxide, medetomidine, copper pyrithione, 4-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile
- [36] A polymer-containing composition comprising the polymer according to any one of [1], [2], and [19] to [28].
- the viscosity of the polymer-containing composition measured by a Gardner foam viscometer at 25°C is Z or less, preferably W or less, more preferably B or more and W or less, even more preferably V or less, and B
- the antifouling agent preferably contains a copper-based antifouling agent containing copper; preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of cuprous oxide and copper pyrithione; A polymer-containing composition as described.
- the antifouling agent is cuprous oxide, medetomidine, copper pyrithione, 4-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile [38 ]
- the polymer-containing composition according to .
- a method for producing a polymer comprising: A method for producing a polymer, comprising polymerizing the compound according to any one of [3] to [18] and a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group (excluding the aforementioned compound).
- the monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group contains a monomer (a), and the monomer (a) is a compound represented by the following formula (a1);
- R 43 to R 47 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group, and R 48 represents an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.
- the monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated group contains a monomer (M), and the monomer (M) is a compound represented by the following formula (MM-1).
- the monomer (M) is a compound represented by the following formula (MM-1), in which the terminal group is a hydrogen atom or a group derived from a radical polymerization initiator.
- the monomer (M) is a compound represented by the following formula (MM-1), in which the triorganosilyl group is more preferably a group represented by the following formula (7) ,
- X 1 to X n each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a hydroxymethyl group
- R and Y 1 to Y n each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, heterocyclic group, or triorganosilyl group, two or more of Y 1 to Y n are triorganosilyl groups, n is a natural number of 3 or more, and Z is a terminal group.
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- this invention has the following aspects.
- [1] A compound comprising two or more structural units based on the monomer (M), having a radically polymerizable group at its terminal, and wherein the structural unit based on the monomer (M) is hydrolyzable.
- [2] The compound of [1], wherein the structural unit based on the monomer (M) contains a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group.
- [3] A compound comprising two or more structural units based on the monomer (M), having a radically polymerizable group at the terminal, and wherein the structural unit based on the monomer (M) contains a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group. .
- [4] The compound of [2] or [3], wherein the triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group is represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- X 1 to X n each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a hydroxymethyl group
- R and Y 1 to Y n each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, heterocyclic group, or triorganosilyl group, two or more of Y 1 to Y n are triorganosilyl groups, n is a natural number of 3 or more, and Z is a terminal group.
- [8] The compound according to any one of [1] to [7], which has a weight average molecular weight of 2,000 or more and 1,000,000 or less.
- the solid acid value calculated from the amount of functional groups generated after the polymer is hydrolyzed with an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution is 20 mgKOH/g or more and 120 mgKOH/g or less, or The polymer of [10].
- an antifouling coating composition capable of forming a coating film having excellent antifouling properties can be obtained, and an antifouling coating composition capable of forming a coating film having excellent antifouling properties.
- the "structural unit” is a structural unit derived from the monomer formed by polymerizing the monomer, or a part of the structural unit is converted to another structure by treating the polymer. means a building block.
- a “monomer” means a polymerizable compound (polymerizable monomer).
- (Meth)acrylic monomer” means a monomer having a (meth)acryloyl group.
- a “(meth)acryloyl group” means an acryloyl group or a methacryloyl group. The same applies to "(meth)acrylate", “(meth)acrylic acid”, and "(meth)acrylamide”.
- a compound according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a structural unit based on a monomer (M) (hereinafter also referred to as “monomer (M) unit”). It is a compound containing two or more and having a radically polymerizable group at the terminal.
- a compound (MM) is a compound that can be used as a monomer for polymerizing a polymer, and is also called a macromonomer.
- a structural unit based on a monomer other than the monomer (M) (hereinafter also referred to as "monomer (a)”) ( Hereinafter, it is also referred to as a “monomer (a) unit”).
- Monomeric (M) units are hydrolyzable.
- the monomer (M) unit “has hydrolyzability” means that a decomposition product derived from the monomer (M) is obtained by a reaction between a structural unit based on the monomer (M) and water.
- a compound according to one embodiment of the present invention containing a monomer (M) unit can be hydrolyzed by hydrolysis treatment with an aqueous potassium hydroxide solution.
- the stirring conditions are a temperature of room temperature or higher and a temperature of 100° C. or lower. Whether or not the monomer (M) unit is hydrolyzed can be confirmed by identifying a functional group (such as a carboxyl group) generated by hydrolysis.
- the monomer (M) unit preferably contains a hydrolyzable structure when the compound (MM) is subjected to the above hydrolysis treatment. Structures that can be hydrolyzed by the above hydrolysis treatment include, for example, triorganosilyloxycarbonyl groups and structures represented by any of the following formulas (2) to (6).
- the structure represented by formula (2) may also be referred to as "structure (2)", and structures represented by other formulas may also be referred to in the same manner.
- X represents -O-, -S- or -NR 11 -
- R 11 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group
- R 4 and R 5 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a
- R 6 and R 8 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group
- R 7 represents an alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 9 represents an alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms
- M represents Zn, Cu, Mg or Ca
- R 10 represents an organic acid residue other than a (meth)acryloyloxy group.
- triorganosilyloxycarbonyl groups include groups represented by the following formula (1).
- R 1 to R 3 each independently represent a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- hydrocarbon groups for R 1 to R 3 include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, pentyl group and hexyl. heptyl group, octyl group, nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group; cycloalkyl group such as cyclohexyl group; . Each of the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group and aryl group may have a substituent.
- substituents that the alkyl group may have include halogen atoms, acyl groups, nitro groups, amino groups and the like.
- substituents that the cycloalkyl group or aryl group may have include halogen atoms, alkyl groups, acyl groups, nitro groups, amino groups and the like.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group as a substituent is preferably about 1-18.
- R 1 to R 3 may be the same or different. At least one of R 1 to R 3 is preferably an isopropyl group in that a coating film showing a stable polishing rate (polishing rate) can be obtained and the antifouling performance can be stably maintained for a long period of time.
- An isopropyl group is particularly preferred.
- X may be -O- (etheric oxygen atom), -S- (sulfide sulfur atom), or -NR 11 -.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group of R 11 is preferably 1-10.
- X is preferably -O-.
- Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms for R 4 and R 5 include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group and 2-ethylhexyl group. .
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkyl group for R 4 and R 5 is preferably 1-4, more preferably 1-3, and even more preferably 1 or 2.
- Preferred combinations of R 4 and R 5 include a combination of a hydrogen atom and a methyl group, a combination of a methyl group and a methyl group, and a hydrogen atom and an alkyl group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms (hereinafter also referred to as a “long-chain alkyl group”). ), a combination of a methyl group and a long-chain alkyl group, a combination of a hydrogen atom and a hydrogen atom, a combination of a long-chain alkyl group and a long-chain alkyl group, and the like.
- a combination of a hydrogen atom and a methyl group is preferable from the viewpoint of hydrolyzability.
- alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms for R 6 include methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group, isopropyl group, butyl group, isobutyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, 2-ethylhexyl group, decyl group, dodecyl group, A tetradecyl group and the like can be mentioned.
- the cycloalkyl group is preferably a cycloalkyl group having 4 to 8 carbon atoms, such as a cyclohexyl group and a cyclopentyl group.
- the aryl group is preferably an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group.
- R 6 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a cycloalkyl group.
- Each of the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group and aryl group in R6 may have a substituent.
- the number of substituents may be one or two or more.
- substituents include cycloalkyl groups, aryl groups, alkoxy groups, alkanoyloxy groups, aralkyl groups, and acetoxy groups.
- the cycloalkyl group and aryl group are the same as the cycloalkyl group and aryl group for R6, respectively.
- Alkoxy groups include methoxy, ethoxy, propoxy, and butoxy groups.
- An ethanoyloxy group etc. are mentioned as an alkanoyloxy group.
- a benzyl group etc. are mentioned as an aralkyl group.
- X in formula (3) is the same as X in formula (2), and preferred embodiments are also the same.
- the alkylene group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms for R 7 include methylene group, ethylene group, propylene group, butylene group and hexylene group.
- the number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is preferably 2-7, more preferably 3-4.
- the alkylene group may have a substituent. When having a substituent, the number of substituents may be one or two or more. Examples of the substituent that the alkylene group may have include the same substituents as those for R 6 .
- X in formula (4) is the same as X in formula (2), and preferred embodiments are also the same.
- R 8 is the same as R 6 in formula (2), and preferred embodiments are also the same.
- Examples of the alkylene group having 2 to 10 carbon atoms for R 9 include ethylene group, propylene group, butylene group, hexylene group and the like. The number of carbon atoms in the alkylene group is preferably 2-7, more preferably 3-4.
- M is preferably Zn or Cu.
- M is preferably Zn or Cu.
- the organic acid residue of R 10 refers to the remaining portion of an organic acid after removing one proton (for example, the remaining portion after removing the proton from the carboxy group of a carboxylic acid), and ionically bonds with M in place of this proton. ing.
- the organic acid is preferably a carboxylic acid, such as monochloroacetic acid, monofluoroacetic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, octylic acid, versatic acid, isostearic acid, palmitic acid, cresotic acid, ⁇ -naphthoic acid, ⁇ -naphthoic acid, and benzoic acid.
- R 10 is preferably a fatty acid residue having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (aliphatic monocarboxylic acid residue) in terms of obtaining a highly durable coating film capable of preventing cracks and peeling over a long period of time.
- the monomer (M) at least one selected from the group consisting of a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group, structure (2), structure (3), structure (4), structure (5) and structure (6) Monomers containing structures and radically polymerizable groups are preferred.
- the monomer (M) is a monofunctional monomer having one radically polymerizable group because the viscosity of a polymer containing structural units based on the compound (MM) is low when dissolved in an organic solvent. is preferred.
- the radically polymerizable group include those similar to the radically polymerizable group possessed by the compound (MM).
- the radically polymerizable group a group containing an ethylenically unsaturated bond (polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond) is preferred.
- the monomer (M) contains an ethylenically unsaturated bond
- the monomer (M) unit has a structure in which the ethylenically unsaturated bond of the monomer (M) is cleaved to form a single bond.
- a (meth)acryloyl group is particularly preferred as the radically polymerizable group. That is, the compound (MM) is particularly preferably a (meth)acrylic monomer.
- Examples of the monomer (M) include a monomer containing a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group and a radically polymerizable group (hereinafter also referred to as “monomer (M1)”), structure (2), structure (3 ) and a monomer containing at least one structure selected from the group consisting of structure (4) and a radically polymerizable group (hereinafter also referred to as “monomer (M2)”), structure (5) and radical A monomer containing a polymerizable group (hereinafter also referred to as “monomer (M3)”) or a monomer containing structure (6) and a radically polymerizable group (hereinafter, "monomer (M4) ” is more preferable.
- the monomer (M1) is particularly preferred in that it can be used in combination with cuprous oxide and accelerates hydrolysis under weakly basic conditions.
- Examples of the monomer (M1) include monomers represented by the following formula (M1-1) and monomers represented by the following formula (M1-2). Among these, the monomer represented by formula (M1-1) is preferred.
- CH2 C( R12 )-CO-O - SiR1R2R3 ( M1-1)
- CH(COOR 13 ) C(R 12 )-CO-O-SiR 1 R 2 R 3 (M1-2)
- R 1 to R 3 are as defined above, R 12 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R 13 represents an alkyl group.
- Examples of the alkyl group for R 13 include alkyl groups having 1 to 5 carbon atoms.
- the monomer represented by formula (M1-1) include the following. trimethylsilyl (meth)acrylate, triethylsilyl (meth)acrylate, tri-n-propylsilyl (meth)acrylate, tri-n-butylsilyl (meth)acrylate, tri-n-amylsilyl (meth)acrylate, tri-n-hexylsilyl (Meth)acrylate, tri-n-octylsilyl (meth)acrylate, tri-n-dodecylsilyl (meth)acrylate, triphenylsilyl (meth)acrylate, tri-p-methylphenylsilyl (meth)acrylate, tribenzylsilyl (Meth) acrylate, triisopropylsilyl (meth) acrylate, triisobutylsilyl (meth) acrylate, tri-s-butylsilyl (meth) acrylate, tri-2-
- Specific examples of the compound represented by the formula (M1-2) include those shown below. triisopropylsilylmethylmalate, triisopropylsilylamylmalate, tri-n-butylsilyl-n-butylmalate, t-butyldiphenylsilylmethylmalate, t-butyldiphenylsilyl-n-butylmalate, triisopropylsilylmethylfumarate, triisopropylsilyl amyl fumarate, tri-n-butylsilyl-n-butyl fumarate, t-butyldiphenylsilylmethyl fumarate, t-butyldiphenylsilyl-n-butyl fumarate and the like.
- Examples of the monomer (M2) include monomers represented by the following formulas (M2-1), (M2-2) or (M2-3).
- CH 2 CH-COO- is an acryloyloxy group
- CH 2 C(CH 3 )-COO- is a methacryloyloxy group
- CH(CH 3 ) CH—COO— is a crotonoyloxy group (the ethylenically unsaturated bond is trans-type) or an isocrotonoyloxy group (the ethylenically unsaturated bond is cis-type).
- CHR X CH-COO- is a maleinoyloxy group (the ethylenically unsaturated bond is cis-type) in which the carboxy group is substituted with structure (2), structure (3), structure (4) or an alkyl ester group, or It is a fumaroyloxy group (the ethylenically unsaturated bond is a trans type).
- the alkyl ester group in R X is represented by -COOR X1 .
- R X1 represents an alkyl group.
- an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is preferable, and a methyl group is particularly preferable.
- R X in Q is the group to which Q is bonded They preferably have the same structure or are alkyl ester groups.
- R 1 X in Q is preferably structure (2) (--CR 4 R 5 --XR 6 ) or an alkyl ester group.
- RX is the same as above.
- the monomer (M3) for example, a monomer having vinyl groups bonded to both terminals of the structure (5) can be mentioned.
- the vinyl group may have a substituent.
- substituents include alkyl groups such as methyl groups.
- any one of these may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
- the monomer (M3) zinc (meth)acrylate and copper (meth)acrylate are preferable because the transparency of the polymer tends to be high and the color tone of the coating film containing this tends to be beautiful.
- the monomer (M4) for example, a monomer having a vinyl group bonded to one end (the side opposite to the R10 side) of the structure ( 6 ) can be mentioned.
- the vinyl group may have a substituent.
- substituents include alkyl groups such as methyl groups.
- monomers having a vinyl group bonded to one end of structure (6) include monomers represented by the following formula (M4-1). CH 2 ⁇ C(R 12 )—CO—OM—R 10 (M4-1) ( In the formula, M represents Zn, Cu, Mg or Ca, R12 represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and R10 represents an organic acid residue other than a (meth)acryloyloxy group.)
- Examples of the monomer (M4) include magnesium monochloroacetate (meth)acrylate, calcium monochloroacetate (meth)acrylate, zinc monochloroacetate (meth)acrylate, copper monochloroacetate (meth)acrylate; magnesium monofluoroacetate (meth)acrylate , calcium monofluoroacetate (meth)acrylate, zinc monofluoroacetate (meth)acrylate, copper monofluoroacetate (meth)acrylate; magnesium acetate (meth)acrylate, calcium acetate (meth)acrylate, zinc acetate (meth)acrylate, acetic acid Copper (meth)acrylate; magnesium propionate (meth)acrylate, calcium propionate (meth)acrylate, zinc propionate (meth)acrylate, copper propionate (meth)acrylate; magnesium octylate (meth)acrylate, calcium octylate ( meth) acrylate, zinc octoate (meth) acrylate,
- a zinc-containing monomer in which M is Zn is preferable because the transparency of the polymer tends to be high and the color tone of the coating film containing the zinc-containing monomer tends to be beautiful. Furthermore, from the viewpoint of durability of the resulting coating film, fatty acid zinc (meth)acrylate (M in formula (M6-1) is Zn and R 10 is a fatty acid residue) or fatty acid copper (meth)acrylate (In Formula ( M6-1 ), M is Cu and R10 is a fatty acid residue) is more preferred.
- Monomer (M) may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the monomer (M) may be one produced by a known method, or a commercially available one.
- the monomers (M2) to (M4) can be produced by the method described in WO2017/051922.
- the monomer (a) it is sufficient if it is copolymerizable with the monomer (M), for example, a compound having a radically polymerizable group (excluding the compound (MM) and the monomer (M)). is mentioned.
- a compound having a radically polymerizable group excluding the compound (MM) and the monomer (M)
- the radically polymerizable group possessed by the monomer (a) a group having an ethylenically unsaturated bond is preferred.
- Various monomers can be used as the monomer (a).
- a compound represented by the following formula (a1) is preferable as the monomer (a).
- CH2 CR41R42 ( a1 )
- R 41 represents a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a hydroxymethyl group
- R 42 represents OR 43 , a halogen atom, COR 44 , COOR 45 , CN, CONR 46 R 47 or R 48.
- R 43 to R 47 each independently represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, or a heterocyclic group
- R 48 represents an aryl group or a heteroaryl group.
- the alkyl group for R 43 to R 47 includes, for example, a branched or linear alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms.
- alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, i-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl and octyl groups.
- nonyl group nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, octadecyl group, nonadecyl group and icosyl group.
- Cycloalkyl groups for R 43 to R 47 may be monocyclic or polycyclic, and examples thereof include cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. Specific examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, cyclooctyl, and adamantyl groups.
- Examples of the aryl group for R 43 to R 47 include aryl groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. Specific examples of aryl groups include phenyl and naphthyl groups.
- the heterocyclic groups for R 43 to R 47 include, for example, heterocyclic groups having 5 to 18 carbon atoms. Specific examples of heterocyclic groups include oxygen atom-containing heterocyclic groups such as ⁇ -butyrolactone group and ⁇ -caprolactone group, nitrogen atom-containing heterocyclic groups such as pyridyl group, carbazolyl group, pyrrolidinyl group and pyrrolidone group, A morpholino group and the like can be mentioned.
- each of the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group and heterocyclic group may have a substituent.
- substituents that the alkyl group may have include an aryl group, —COOR 51 , cyano group, —OR 52 , —NR 53 R 54 , —CONR 55 R 56 , halogen atom, allyl group, and epoxy group. , a siloxy group, and a group exhibiting hydrophilicity or ionicity.
- cycloalkyl group, aryl group or heterocyclic group may have include, for example, an alkyl group, an aryl group, —COOR 51 , a cyano group, —OR 52 , —NR 53 R 54 , —CONR At least one selected from the group consisting of 55 R 56 , halogen atoms, allyl groups, epoxy groups, siloxy groups, and groups exhibiting hydrophilicity or ionicity.
- the alkyl group and aryl group are the same as the alkyl group and aryl group for R 43 to R 47 , respectively.
- R 51 to R 56 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group.
- Examples of the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group and aryl group for R 51 to R 56 are the same as the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group and aryl group for R, respectively.
- R 51 of —COOR 51 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- -COOR 51 is preferably a carboxy group or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- An alkoxycarbonyl group includes, for example, a methoxycarbonyl group.
- R 52 of —OR 52 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. That is, -OR 52 is preferably a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group.
- the alkoxy group includes, for example, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and a specific example thereof includes a methoxy group.
- —NR 53 R 54 includes, for example, an amino group, a monomethylamino group and a dimethylamino group.
- —CONR 55 R 56 includes, for example, a carbamoyl group (—CONH 2 ), an N-methylcarbamoyl group (—CONHCH 3 ), and an N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl group (dimethylamide group: —CON(CH 3 ) 2 ).
- Halogen atoms include, for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine atoms.
- hydrophilic or ionic groups include alkali salts of carboxy groups or alkali salts of sulfoxy groups, poly(alkylene oxide) groups such as polyethylene oxide groups and polypropylene oxide groups, and cationic substitutions such as quaternary ammonium bases. groups.
- R 43 to R 47 are preferably alkyl groups or cycloalkyl groups.
- a cycloalkyl group having no substituent or a cycloalkyl group having an alkyl group as a substituent is preferable.
- R 43 to R 47 from the standpoint of availability, methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group and An octyl group is more preferred, and a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, isobornyl group and adamantyl group are even more preferred.
- Examples of the aryl group for R 48 include the same aryl groups as those for R 43 to R 47 .
- Heteroaryl groups include, for example, pyridyl groups and carbazolyl groups.
- Each of the aryl group and the heteroaryl group may have a substituent.
- substituents include carboxylic acid groups, carboxylic acid ester groups, epoxy groups, hydroxy groups, alkoxy groups, primary amino groups, secondary amino groups, tertiary amino groups, isocyanato groups, sulfonic acid groups, halogen atoms, and allyl groups. etc.
- Examples of the carboxylic acid ester group, alkoxy group, primary amino group, secondary amino group, tertiary amino group, alkyl group, aryl group and halogen atom are the same as those described above.
- a (meth)acrylic monomer is preferable, and a compound in which R 41 in formula (a1) is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and R 42 is COOR 45 is preferable.
- R 45 is preferably an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- a cycloalkyl group having no substituent or a cycloalkyl group having an alkyl group as a substituent is preferable.
- R 45 is a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group, or octyl group, due to availability. is preferred, and a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, isobornyl group or adamantyl group is more preferred.
- the ratio of the monomer (M) unit to the mass of the entire compound (MM) is preferably 5% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, and 20% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less. is more preferable, and 30% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less is even more preferable. If the proportion of the monomer (M) unit is at least the above lower limit, the hydrolyzability of the compound (MM) is improved, and the antifouling property of the coating film tends to be more excellent. , the crack resistance of the coating film tends to be better.
- the ratio of the monomer (M1) unit to the total 100 mol% of all structural units constituting the compound (MM) is preferably 5 to 100 mol%, preferably 10 to 60 mol%, and 20 to 40 mol%. more preferred. If the ratio of the monomer (M1) unit is at least the above lower limit, the hydrolyzability of the monomer (M1) unit is improved, and the antifouling property of the coating film tends to be more excellent. If so, the crack resistance of the coating film tends to be more excellent.
- a group containing an ethylenically unsaturated bond is preferred.
- Groups containing an ethylenically unsaturated bond include, for example, CH 2 ⁇ C(COOR)—CH 2 —, (meth)acryloyl group, 2-(hydroxymethyl)acryloyl group, vinyl group and the like.
- R represents a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, a heterocyclic group, or a triorganosilyl group.
- the introduction amount of the radically polymerizable group contained in the compound (MM) is preferably 0.1 to 1.5 per one molecular chain. If it is 0.1 or more, the antifouling property will be good, and if it is 1.5 or less, the viscosity of the polymer-containing composition will be sufficiently low, and a paint composition with less VOC can be obtained.
- alkyl groups include branched or linear alkyl groups having 1 to 20 carbon atoms. Specific examples of alkyl groups include methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, i-propyl, n-butyl, t-butyl, i-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl and octyl groups.
- nonyl group nonyl group, decyl group, undecyl group, dodecyl group, tridecyl group, tetradecyl group, pentadecyl group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, octadecyl group, nonadecyl group and icosyl group.
- Cycloalkyl groups may be monocyclic or polycyclic, and include, for example, cycloalkyl groups having 3 to 20 carbon atoms. Specific examples of cycloalkyl groups include cyclopropyl, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, cyclohexyl, cycloheptyl, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptyl, cyclooctyl, and adamantyl groups. Examples of aryl groups include aryl groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms. Specific examples of aryl groups include phenyl and naphthyl groups.
- Heterocyclic groups include, for example, heterocyclic groups having 5 to 18 carbon atoms.
- Specific examples of heterocyclic groups include oxygen atom-containing heterocyclic groups such as ⁇ -butyrolactone group and ⁇ -caprolactone group, nitrogen atom-containing heterocyclic groups such as pyridyl group, carbazolyl group, pyrrolidinyl group and pyrrolidone group, A morpholino group and the like can be mentioned.
- Examples of triorganosilyl groups include groups represented by the following formula (7).
- R 1 to R 3 have the same definitions as above.
- each of the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group and heterocyclic group may have a substituent.
- Substituents include, for example, an alkyl group (except when R is an alkyl group having a substituent), an aryl group, —COOR 51 , a cyano group, —OR 52 , —NR 53 R 54 , —CONR 55 At least one selected from the group consisting of R 56 , halogen atoms, allyl groups, epoxy groups, siloxy groups, and groups exhibiting hydrophilicity or ionicity.
- R 51 to R 56 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group.
- R 51 of —COOR 51 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.
- -COOR 51 is preferably a carboxy group or an alkoxycarbonyl group.
- An alkoxycarbonyl group includes, for example, a methoxycarbonyl group.
- R 52 of —OR 52 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. That is, -OR 52 is preferably a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group.
- the alkoxy group includes, for example, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, and a specific example thereof includes a methoxy group.
- —NR 53 R 54 includes, for example, an amino group, a monomethylamino group and a dimethylamino group.
- —CONR 55 R 56 includes, for example, a carbamoyl group (—CONH 2 ), an N-methylcarbamoyl group (—CONHCH 3 ), and an N,N-dimethylcarbamoyl group (dimethylamide group: —CON(CH 3 ) 2 ).
- Halogen atoms include, for example, fluorine, chlorine, bromine and iodine atoms.
- hydrophilic or ionic groups include alkali salts of carboxy groups or alkali salts of sulfoxy groups, poly(alkylene oxide) groups such as polyethylene oxide groups and polypropylene oxide groups, and cationic substitutions such as quaternary ammonium bases. groups.
- R is preferably an alkyl group or a cycloalkyl group.
- a cycloalkyl group having no substituent or a cycloalkyl group having an alkyl group as a substituent is preferable.
- R is preferably a methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, pentyl group, hexyl group, heptyl group and octyl group due to their availability.
- methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, i-propyl group, n-butyl group, t-butyl group, cyclopropyl group, cyclobutyl group, isobornyl group and adamantyl group are more preferred.
- a main chain portion consisting of two or more monomer (M) units and one or more monomer (a) units or consisting of three or more monomer (M) units, and radically polymerizable groups attached to one end or both ends of the main chain portion.
- a radically polymerizable group is bonded to one end of the main chain portion, a terminal group other than the radically polymerizable group is bonded to the other end.
- the compound (MM) is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (MM-1) in terms of productivity and coating performance.
- X 1 to X n each independently represent a hydrogen atom, a methyl group, or a hydroxymethyl group
- R and Y 1 to Y n each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an aryl group, heterocyclic group, or triorganosilyl group, two or more of Y 1 to Y n are triorganosilyl groups, n is a natural number of 3 or more, and Z is a terminal group.
- a dotted line in formula (MM-1) represents a state in which monomer units are polymerized.
- n 3
- the methylene group located on the opposite side of the carbon atom to which X1 is bonded among the methylene groups bonded to the carbon atom to which X2 is bonded (in the formula , the right side of the carbon atom to which X2 is bonded methylene group) and the carbon atom to which Xn is bonded are directly bonded.
- n 4 or more
- the methylene group located on the side opposite to the carbon atom to which X1 is bonded and the carbon atom to which Xn is bonded are : They are bonded via one or more monomeric units (-CX i (COOY i )-CH 2 -, i represents a natural number of 3 or more and (n-1) or less).
- the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, heterocyclic group, and triorganosilyl group in R and Y 1 to Y n are each the aforementioned CH 2 ⁇ C(COOR)—CH 2
- the same groups as the alkyl group, cycloalkyl group, aryl group, heterocyclic group, and triorganosilyl group for R of - can be mentioned.
- the ratio of the number of triorganosilyl groups to the total number of Y 1 to Y n is preferably 5 to 100 mol%, preferably 10 to 60 mol%, more preferably 20 to 40 mol%. If the ratio of triorganosilyl groups is at least the above lower limit, the hydrolyzability of the compound (MM) is improved, and the antifouling property of the coating film tends to be more excellent. tend to have better crack resistance.
- n preferably takes a value such that the weight average molecular weight of the compound represented by formula (MM-1) is 2,000 or more and 1,000,000 or less. A more preferable range of the weight average molecular weight is as described later.
- Z may be the same as the terminal group of a polymer obtained by known radical polymerization, and includes, for example, a hydrogen atom, a group derived from a radical polymerization initiator, a radically polymerizable group, and the like. Among these, a hydrogen atom or a group derived from a radical polymerization initiator is preferable because side reactions do not proceed.
- the compound (MM) preferably has a solid acid value of 10 mgKOH/g or more and 240 mgKOH/g or less, calculated from the amount of functional groups generated after the compound (MM) is subjected to the above hydrolysis treatment, and preferably 20 mgKOH. /g or more and 180 mgKOH/g or less, more preferably 50 mgKOH/g or more and 150 mgKOH/g or less, and even more preferably 80 mgKOH/g or more and 120 mgKOH/g or less. If the solid acid value of the compound (MM) is at least the above lower limit, the hydrolyzability of the compound (MM) is improved, and the antifouling property of the coating film is more excellent. Better crack resistance.
- the solid acid value is measured by the method described in Examples below.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the compound (MM) is preferably ⁇ 10° C. or higher and 90° C. or lower, more preferably 10° C. or higher and 90° C. or lower, even more preferably 30° C. or higher and 90° C. or lower.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the glass transition temperature is calculated by the method described in Examples below.
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the compound (MM) is preferably 2,000 to 1,000,000, more preferably 2,000 to 100,000, even more preferably 2,000 to 10,000.
- the molecular weight dispersity of the compound (MM) is preferably 1.0 or more and 4.0 or less, more preferably 1.0 or more and 3.5 or less, and even more preferably 1.0 or more and 3.0 or less.
- the molecular weight dispersity is the ratio (Mw/Mn) of the weight average molecular weight (Mw) to the number average molecular weight (Mn).
- the weight average molecular weight and number average molecular weight are measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) using polystyrene as a standard.
- the solubility parameter (sp) of the compound (MM) is preferably 2.0 or more and 9.0 or less, more preferably 3.0 or more and 8.0 or less, and even more preferably 4.0 or more and 7.0 or less.
- the solubility parameter of the compound (MM) is at least the above lower limit, the coating film solubility is more excellent, and when it is at most the above upper limit, the water resistance is more excellent.
- the solubility parameter is a measure of solubility, and a higher value of the solubility parameter indicates a higher polarity, and a lower value indicates a lower polarity.
- Examples of the method for producing the compound (MM) include (i) a method of polymerizing a monomer mixture containing the monomer (M) using a cobalt chain transfer agent; a method of polymerizing a monomer mixture containing a monomer mixture using an ⁇ -substituted unsaturated compound such as ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer as a chain transfer agent; (iv) a method of polymerizing a monomer mixture containing the monomer (M) and thermally decomposing the obtained polymer; be done.
- the method (i) is preferable as the method for producing the compound (MM), since the number of production steps is small and a catalyst with a high chain transfer constant is used.
- the compound (MM) produced using a cobalt chain transfer agent has a structure represented by the above formula (MM-1).
- examples of the method for polymerizing the monomer mixture include bulk polymerization, solution polymerization, and aqueous dispersion polymerization such as suspension polymerization and emulsion polymerization.
- the solution polymerization method is preferable because purification is unnecessary.
- the halogen group of the polymer having a halogen group is replaced with a radically polymerizable carbon-carbon double bond.
- the monomer (M) is the monomer (M2)
- a monomer containing a carboxy group and a radically polymerizable group The compound (MM) can also be produced by a method of using the monomer (m2) and converting the carboxy group of the resulting polymer into structure (2), (3) or (4) after polymerization.
- Examples of the monomer (m2) include (meth)acrylic acid, crotonic acid, isocrotonic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, itaconic acid, monomethyl maleate, and monomethyl fumarate.
- a method for converting the carboxy group of the polymer to structure (2), (3) or (4) for example, a polymer, a compound represented by the following formula (12), or a compound represented by the following formula (13) and at least one alkenyl compound selected from the group consisting of compounds represented by the following formula (14) (addition reaction).
- R 14 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms
- R 15 represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms
- R 16 and R 18 each independently represents an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group or an aryl group
- R 17 represents a single bond or an alkylene group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms
- R 19 represents a carbon represents an alkylene group of numbers 1 to 9.
- Examples of compounds represented by formula (12) include alkyl vinyl ethers (eg, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, isobutyl vinyl ether, t-butyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether), cycloalkyl vinyl ethers (eg, cyclohexyl vinyl ether).
- alkyl vinyl ethers eg, ethyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, isobutyl vinyl ether, t-butyl vinyl ether, 2-ethylhexyl vinyl ether
- cycloalkyl vinyl ethers eg, cyclohexyl vinyl ether
- 1-propenyl ethers such as ethyl-1-propenyl ether
- 1-butenyl ethers such as ethyl-1-butenyl ether
- vinyl ethers and 1-propenyl ethers are preferred.
- R 7 in formula (3) is CH 2 —R 17
- R 7 in formula (3) is CH 2 —R 17
- the alkylene group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms in R 17 is the same as R 7 except that the number of carbon atoms is 9 or less.
- Examples of compounds represented by formula (13) include dihydrofurans such as 2,3-dihydrofuran and 5-methyl-2,3-dihydrofuran; 3,4-dihydro-2H-pyran, 5,6 - dihydropyrans such as dihydro-4-methoxy-2H-pyran;
- Examples of compounds represented by formula (14) include 1-methoxy-1-cyclopentene, 1-methoxy-1-cyclohexene, 1-methoxy-1-cycloheptene, 1-ethoxy-1-cyclopentene, 1-ethoxy- 1-alkoxy-1-cycloalkylenes such as 1-cyclohexene, 1-butoxy-1-cyclopentene, 1-butoxy-1-cyclohexene; substituent-containing 1-alkoxy such as 1-ethoxy-3-methyl-1-cyclohexene -1-cycloalkylenes; and the like.
- the reaction between the polymer and the alkenyl compound proceeds under relatively mild conditions.
- the desired product can be obtained by reacting for 5 to 10 hours at a reaction temperature of 40 to 100° C. in the presence or absence of an acidic catalyst such as hydrochloric acid, sulfuric acid or phosphoric acid. After completion of the reaction, vacuum distillation can be performed under predetermined conditions to recover the desired polymer.
- the compound (MM) is obtained by polymerizing the compound (MM) alone or with other monomers (monomer (a), monomer (M)) to form a polymer containing compound (MM) units. be done.
- a coating film containing this polymer exhibits an antifouling effect by hydrolyzing the compound (MM) unit in seawater or the like, thereby increasing the solubility in seawater or the like.
- this coating film has excellent initial solubility as compared with the case where the monomer (M) is used instead of the compound (MM).
- the hydrolysis reaction is rate-determining until the first hydrolysis is initiated, especially when steric hindrance near the hydrolysis reaction site is large, such as a triorganosilyloxycarbonyl group.
- the polymer obtained by polymerizing the compound (MM) does not contain the monomer (M) unit as a structural unit constituting the main chain of the polymer, or the monomer among the structural units constituting the main chain of the polymer.
- Two or more monomeric (M) units are present in the side chain moieties of the compound (MM) units even if the proportion of the monomeric (M) units is small. Therefore, it is thought that the density of hydrolysis reaction sites locally increases in the coating film, which promotes the initial hydrolysis and improves the initial solubility. If the monomer (M) unit is not included as a constituent unit constituting the main chain of the polymer, or the ratio of the monomer (M) unit among the constituent units constituting the main chain of the polymer is small, The crack resistance of the coating film is improved.
- the compound (MM) may be polymerized in advance and blended into the antifouling coating composition as a polymer, or the compound (MM) may be blended directly into the antifouling coating composition.
- the use of the compound (MM) is not limited to the antifouling coating composition, but can be used for other uses such as an antifogging coating composition.
- polymer (A) The polymer according to one aspect of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as “polymer (A)”) is a structural unit (hereinafter also referred to as “compound (MM) unit”) based on the compound (MM) described above. It is a polymer containing
- the polymer (A) may further contain monomer (a) units in addition to compound (MM) units.
- Polymer (A) may further contain monomer (M) units in addition to compound (MM) units, or in addition to compound (MM) units and monomer (a) units.
- the ratio of the compound (MM) unit to the total of all structural units constituting the polymer (A) is preferably 5% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or more and 55% by mass or less, and more preferably 15% by mass or more. 50% by mass or less is more preferable, and 20% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less is even more preferable. If the ratio of the compound (MM) unit is at least the above lower limit, the initial solubility of the coating film containing the polymer (A) is more excellent, and from the initial stage of immersing the coating film in seawater or the like, marine organisms, etc. Anti-adhesion effect is likely to appear. If the ratio of the compound (MM) unit is equal to or less than the above upper limit, the crack resistance of the coating film will be more excellent.
- the ratio of the monomer (a) unit to the total of all structural units constituting the polymer (A) is preferably 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, more preferably 50% by mass or more and 85% by mass or less. % by mass or more and 80 mass % or less is more preferable. If the proportion of the monomer (a) unit is at least the above lower limit, the crack resistance of the coating film is more excellent, and if it is at most the above upper limit, the proportion of the compound (MM) unit can be made sufficiently high.
- the ratio of the monomer (M) unit to the total of all structural units constituting the polymer (A) is preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably 45% by mass or less, further preferably 30% by mass or less, and 0 % by mass.
- the monomer (M) unit here is a monomer (M) unit other than the monomer (M) unit contained in the compound (MM) unit. If the ratio of the monomer (M) unit is equal to or less than the above upper limit, the crack resistance of the coating film containing the polymer (A) will be more excellent.
- the polymer (A) is preferably a (meth)acrylic polymer from the viewpoint of hydrolyzability and crack resistance.
- “(Meth)acrylic polymer” means that at least some of the structural units constituting the polymer are structural units based on (meth)acrylic monomers (hereinafter also referred to as "(meth)acrylic monomer units” ) means a polymer that is The (meth)acrylic polymer may further contain a structural unit based on a monomer other than the (meth)acrylic monomer (for example, a vinyl monomer such as styrene).
- a monomer other than the (meth)acrylic monomer for example, a vinyl monomer such as styrene.
- the polymer (A) consists of compound (MM) units and monomer (a) units
- at least part of the compound (MM) units and monomer (a) units are (meth)acrylic monomers
- the polymer (A) consists of compound (MM) units, monomer (a) units and monomer (M) units
- compound (MM) units, monomer (a) units and monomer ( At least part of the M) units is preferably a (meth)acrylic monomer.
- the ratio of the (meth)acrylic monomer unit to the total of all structural units constituting the polymer (A) is preferably 70% by mass or more, more preferably 80% by mass or more, and even more preferably 90% by mass or more. , 100% by weight. That is, it is particularly preferred that all structural units constituting the polymer (A) are (meth)acrylic monomer units.
- the polymer (A) preferably has a solid acid value of 20 mgKOH/g or more and 120 mgKOH/g or less calculated from the amount of functional groups generated after the hydrolysis treatment of the polymer (A). , more preferably 25 mgKOH/g or more and 90 mgKOH/g or less, and more preferably 30 mgKOH/g or more and 60 mgKOH/g or less.
- the solid acid value of the polymer (A) is at least the above lower limit, the coating film solubility is more excellent, and when it is at most the above upper limit, the crack resistance of the coating film is more excellent.
- the glass transition temperature (Tg) of the polymer (A) is preferably -10°C or higher and 70°C or lower, more preferably 0°C or higher and 50°C or lower, and even more preferably 10°C or higher and 30°C or lower.
- Tg glass transition temperature
- the weight average molecular weight (Mw) of the polymer (A) is preferably 2,000 to 100,000, more preferably 5,000 to 50,000, even more preferably 10,000 to 20,000.
- the molecular weight dispersity of the polymer (A) is preferably 1.0 or more and 4.0 or less, more preferably 1.0 or more and 3.5 or less, and still more preferably 1.0 or more and 3.0 or less.
- the solubility parameter (sp) of the polymer (A) is preferably 2.0 or more and 10.0 or less, more preferably 3.0 or more and 9.0 or less, and even more preferably 4.5 or more and 8.0 or less.
- the solubility parameter of the polymer (A) is at least the above lower limit, the solubility of the coating film is more excellent, and when it is at most the above upper limit, the water resistance is more excellent.
- Examples of the method for producing the polymer (A) include a method of polymerizing a monomer mixture containing the compound (MM).
- the monomer mixture may further contain monomer (a).
- the monomer mixture may further contain a monomer (M).
- composition of the monomer mixture i.e., the type of monomers constituting the monomer mixture and the ratio (mass%) of each monomer to the total weight of the monomer mixture
- composition of the polymer (A) i.e. It is the same as the type of each monomer unit composing the polymer (A) and the ratio (% by mass) of each monomer unit to the total of all the structural units composing the polymer (A).
- polymerization method of the monomer mixture for example, known polymerization methods such as solution polymerization method, suspension polymerization method, bulk polymerization method and emulsion polymerization method can be applied.
- a solution polymerization method is preferable in terms of productivity and coating film performance.
- Solvents used in solution polymerization are not particularly limited, and general organic solvents can be used.
- Polymerization may be carried out by a known method using a known polymerization initiator. For example, a method of reacting a monomer mixture in the presence of a radical polymerization initiator at a reaction temperature of 60 to 180° C. (further 60 to 120° C.) for 4 to 14 hours (further 5 to 10 hours) can be mentioned.
- a chain transfer agent may be used during the polymerization, if desired.
- radical polymerization initiator known ones can be used. methyl butyronitrile); organic compounds such as lauryl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, lauryl peroxide, di-t-butyl peroxide, t-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate; peroxide; and the like.
- the content of the polymerization initiator is not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate. Typically, it is about 0.1 to 20 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer.
- chain transfer agents can be used, and examples thereof include mercaptans such as n-dodecylmercaptan, thioglycolic acid esters such as octyl thioglycolate, ⁇ -methylstyrene dimer, and terpinolene.
- the content of the chain transfer agent is not particularly limited and can be set as appropriate. Typically, it is about 0.0001 to 10 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of the polymerizable monomer.
- Polymer (A) is used, for example, in antifouling paint compositions.
- the coating film of the antifouling coating composition containing the polymer (A) exhibits an antifouling effect due to hydrolysis of the compound (MM) unit in seawater or the like, thereby increasing the solubility in seawater or the like.
- this coating film has excellent initial solubility as compared with the case where the monomer (M) is used instead of the compound (MM).
- the ratio of the monomer (M) unit to the total of all structural units constituting the polymer (A) is 30% by mass or less, the crack resistance of the coating film is also excellent.
- the use of the polymer (A) is not limited to the antifouling coating composition, but can be used for other uses such as an antifogging coating composition.
- An antifouling coating composition according to one aspect of the present invention (hereinafter also referred to as “antifouling coating composition (1)”) contains the polymer (A) described above.
- the antifouling paint composition (1) may further contain an organic solvent.
- the antifouling paint composition (1) may further contain an antifouling agent.
- the antifouling paint composition (1) may further contain other components.
- organic solvents include monohydric alcohol solvents such as methyl alcohol, ethyl alcohol and isopropyl alcohol; polyhydric alcohol solvents such as ethylene glycol and 1,2-propylene glycol; Ketone-based solvents; ether-based solvents such as methyl ethyl ether and dioxane; ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monoethyl ether, propylene glycol mono-n-propyl ether, ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol dimethyl ether , Glycol ether solvents such as dipropylene glycol monopropyl ether; Glycol acetate solvents such as ethylene glycol monoacetate, ethylene glycol diacetate, ethylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate, propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; n-butyl acetate, ethyl ether solvents such as
- antifouling agent examples include inorganic antifouling agents, organic antifouling agents, and the like, and one or more of them can be appropriately selected and used according to the required performance.
- antifouling agents include cuprous oxide, copper thiocyanate, copper-based antifouling agents such as copper powder, compounds of other metals (lead, zinc, nickel, etc.), amine derivatives such as diphenylamine, nitrile compounds, and benzothiazole. compounds, maleimide compounds, pyridine compounds, and the like. These antifouling agents may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- antifouling agents more specifically, 4-bromo-2-(4-chlorophenyl)-5-(trifluoromethyl)-1H-pyrrole-3-carbonitrile, manganese ethylenebisdithiocarbamate, zinc dimethyldithio carbamate, 2-methylthio-4-t-butylamino-6-cyclopropylamino-s-triazine, 2,4,5,6-tetrachloroisophthalonitrile, N,N-dimethyldichlorophenylurea, zinc ethylenebisdithiocarbamate , rhodan copper, 4,5-dichloro-2-noctyl-3(2H)isothiazolone, N-(fluorodichloromethylthio)phthalimide, N,N'-dimethyl-N'-phenyl-(N-fluorodichloromethylthio)sulfamide , 2-pyridinethiol-1-oxide zinc salt, tetramethylthiuram
- the antifouling agent preferably contains cuprous oxide and copper pyrithione.
- the content of the antifouling agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 parts by mass, more preferably 50 to 150 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the polymer (A).
- the content of the antifouling agent is at least the above lower limit value, the antifouling effect of the coating film formed is more excellent, and when it is at most the above upper limit value, the self-polishing property is more excellent.
- the antifouling coating composition (1) may contain a polymer other than the polymer (A).
- examples of other polymers include thermoplastic resins (thermoplastic polymers) other than the polymer (A).
- the antifouling paint composition (1) preferably contains another thermoplastic resin. When the antifouling paint composition (1) contains another thermoplastic resin, the physical properties of the coating film, such as crack resistance and water resistance, are improved.
- thermoplastic resins include, for example, chlorinated paraffin; chlorinated rubber, chlorinated polyethylene, chlorinated polyolefins such as chlorinated polypropylene; polyvinyl ether; polypropylene sebacate; partially hydrogenated terphenyl; polyvinyl acetate; Methyl acrylate copolymer, ethyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, propyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, butyl (meth)acrylate copolymer, cyclohexyl (meth)acrylate copolymer poly(meth)acrylic acid alkyl esters such as coalescence; polyether polyols; alkyd resins; polyester resins; vinyl chloride-vinyl acetate copolymers, vinyl chloride-vinyl propionate copolymers, vinyl chloride-isobutyl vinyl ether copolymers, Vinyl chloride resins such as vinyl chloride-isopropyl vinyl ether copoly
- thermoplastic resins may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Chlorinated paraffin is preferable because it functions as a plasticizer and can improve the crack resistance and peeling resistance of the coating film. Organic waxes such as semi-synthetic waxes and synthetic waxes are preferable in that they function as anti-settling agents and anti-sagging agents and can improve the storage stability and pigment dispersibility of the antifouling coating composition. Oxidized polyethylene wax and polyamide wax are more preferred.
- the content of the other thermoplastic resin is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.1 to 50 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 10 parts by mass, relative to 100 parts by mass of the polymer (A).
- the content of the other thermoplastic resin is at least the above lower limit value, the physical properties of the coating film such as crack resistance and water resistance are more excellent, and when it is at most the above upper limit value, the hydrolyzability is more excellent.
- the antifouling coating composition (1) comprises a polymer (A) containing compound (MM) units containing at least one structure selected from the group consisting of structure (2), structure (3) and structure (4).
- the antifouling paint composition (1) is selected from the group consisting of the compound represented by the formula (12), the compound represented by the formula (13), and the compound represented by the formula (14) It preferably contains at least one selected alkenyl compound.
- the alkenyl compound vinyl ethers such as butyl vinyl ether, isobutyl vinyl ether and the like are preferable because they are more effective in improving storage stability.
- the content of the alkenyl compound is preferably 20 mol% or more, more preferably 30 to 1000 mol%, relative to the total 100 mol% of structure (2), structure (3) and structure (4) in the polymer (A). Preferably, 40 to 800 mol % is more preferable. If the content of the alkenyl compound is within the above range, the storage stability will be more excellent.
- the antifouling coating composition (1) contains silicon compounds such as dimethylpolysiloxane and silicone oil, fluorine-containing compounds such as fluorinated hydrocarbons, etc., for the purpose of imparting lubricity to the coating film surface and preventing adhesion of organisms. may contain
- the antifouling paint composition (1) contains various pigments, dehydrating agents, antifoaming agents, leveling agents, pigment dispersants (e.g., anti-settling agents), anti-sagging agents, matting agents, ultraviolet absorbers, antioxidants, Heat resistance improvers, slip agents, preservatives, plasticizers, viscosity control agents and the like may also be included.
- Pigments include zinc oxide, talc, silica, barium sulfate, potassium feldspar, aluminum hydroxide, magnesium carbonate, mica, carbon black, red iron oxide, titanium oxide, phthalocyanine blue, kaolin, and gypsum. Zinc oxide and talc are particularly preferred.
- dehydrating agents examples include silicate-based, isocyanate-based, orthoester-based, and inorganic-based agents. More specific examples include methyl orthoformate, ethyl orthoformate, methyl orthoacetate, orthoboron ester, tetraethyl orthosilicate, anhydrite, gypsum of Paris, synthetic zeolite (molecular sieve), and the like. Molecular sieves are particularly preferred. By incorporating a dehydrating agent into the antifouling coating composition, it is possible to supplement moisture and improve storage stability.
- Anti-settling agents and anti-sagging agents other than thermoplastic resins include bentonite-based agents, finely divided silica-based agents, stearate salts, lecithin salts, alkylsulfonates, and the like.
- plasticizers other than thermoplastic resins include phthalate plasticizers such as dioctyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, dicyclohexyl phthalate, and diisodecyl phthalate; aliphatic dibasic ester plasticizers such as isobutyl adipate and dibutyl sebacate.
- Glycol ester plasticizers such as diethylene glycol dibenzoate and pentaerythritol alkyl esters; Phosphate ester plasticizers such as tricresyl phosphate (TCP), triaryl phosphate, and trichloroethyl phosphate; organic tin plasticizers such as dioctyltin laurylate and dibutyltin laurate; trioctyl trimellitate, triacetylene and the like.
- TCP is preferable.
- the antifouling paint composition (1) may or may not contain water.
- the water content of the antifouling coating composition (1) is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, and may be 0% by mass.
- the water content is the ratio of water to the total mass of the antifouling paint composition (1). If the water content is equal to or less than the above upper limit, the coating film formed from the antifouling coating composition (1) is more excellent in water resistance and drying property.
- the solid content of the antifouling paint composition (1) is preferably 40 to 90% by weight, more preferably 50 to 80% by weight, and 60 to 70% by weight, based on the total weight of the antifouling paint composition (1). More preferred.
- the B-type viscosity of the antifouling coating composition (1) measured with a B-type viscometer at 25° C. is preferably less than 5,000 mPa s, more preferably less than 4,000 mPa s, and 3,000 mPa. ⁇ Less than s is more preferable, and less than 2,000 mPa ⁇ s is particularly preferable. If the B-type viscosity of the antifouling coating composition is equal to or less than the above upper limit, it is easy to apply. The lower limit of the B-type viscosity at 25° C.
- the antifouling paint composition is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of suppressing paint sagging during coating, it is preferably 100 mPa s or more, more preferably 200 mPa s or more, and 300 mPa s or more. More preferably, 1,000 mPa ⁇ s or more is particularly preferable.
- the antifouling paint composition (1) can be prepared by preparing the polymer (A) and, if necessary, mixing it with an organic solvent, an antifouling agent, and other components.
- the antifouling paint composition (1) is used to form a coating film (antifouling coating film) on the surface of substrates such as ships, various fishing nets, harbor facilities, oil fences, bridges, underwater structures such as submarine bases. Available.
- a coating film using the antifouling coating composition (1) can be formed on the substrate surface directly or through an undercoating film.
- the undercoating film can be formed using a wash primer, a chlorinated rubber-based or epoxy-based primer, an intermediate coating, or the like. Formation of a coating film can be performed by a well-known method.
- the antifouling coating composition (1) is applied to the substrate surface or the base coating film on the substrate by brush coating, spray coating, roller coating, dip coating, or the like, followed by drying.
- a coating film can be formed.
- the coating amount of the antifouling coating composition (1) can generally be set so that the thickness of the dry coating film is 10 to 400 ⁇ m. Drying of the coating film can be usually performed at room temperature, and if necessary, drying by heating
- An antifouling coating composition according to another aspect of the present invention contains the compound (MM) described above.
- the antifouling paint composition (2) may further contain a monomer (a).
- the antifouling paint composition (2) may further contain a monomer (M).
- the antifouling coating composition (2) may further contain a radical polymerization initiator.
- the antifouling coating composition (2) may further contain an organic solvent.
- the antifouling paint composition (2) may further contain an antifouling agent.
- the antifouling paint composition (2) may further contain other components.
- the monomer (a), monomer (M), radical polymerization initiator, organic solvent, antifouling agent, and other components are the same as those described above.
- the ratio of the compound (MM) to the total of the compound (MM), the monomer (a) and the monomer (M) is preferably 5% by mass or more and 60% by mass or less, and is preferably 10% by mass or more and 55% by mass or less. It is more preferably 15% by mass or more and 50% by mass or less, and even more preferably 20% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less. If the proportion of the compound (MM) is at least the above lower limit, the initial solubility of the coating film is more excellent, and the effect of preventing adhesion of marine organisms and the like is likely to appear from the initial stage of immersing the coating film in seawater or the like. If the ratio of the compound (MM) is equal to or less than the above upper limit, the crack resistance of the coating film will be more excellent.
- the ratio of the monomer (a) to the total of the compound (MM), the monomer (a) and the monomer (M) is preferably 40% by mass or more and 90% by mass or less, and 50% by mass or more and 85% by mass. The following are more preferable, and 60% by mass or more and 80% by mass or less are even more preferable. If the proportion of the monomer (a) is at least the above lower limit, the crack resistance of the coating film is more excellent, and if it is at most the above upper limit, the proportion of the compound (MM) can be made sufficiently high.
- the ratio of the monomer (M) to the total of the compound (MM), the monomer (a) and the monomer (M) is preferably 60% by mass or less, more preferably 45% by mass or less, and 30% by mass. The following are more preferable, and may be 0% by mass. If the ratio of the monomer (M) is equal to or less than the above upper limit, the crack resistance of the coating film will be more excellent.
- the content of the antifouling agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10 to 200 parts by mass, and 50 to 150 parts by mass is more preferable.
- the content of the antifouling agent is at least the above lower limit value, the antifouling effect of the coating film formed is more excellent, and when it is at most the above upper limit value, the self-polishing property is more excellent.
- the content of other thermoplastic resins among other components is not particularly limited, but is 0.1 with respect to a total of 100 parts by mass of the compound (MM), the monomer (a) and the monomer (M). 50 parts by mass is preferable, and 0.1 to 10 parts by mass is more preferable.
- the content of the other thermoplastic resin is at least the above lower limit value, the physical properties of the coating film such as crack resistance and water resistance are more excellent, and when it is at most the above upper limit value, the hydrolyzability is more excellent.
- the content of the alkenyl compound is the sum of structure (2), structure (3) and structure (4) in compound (MM) 20 mol % or more is preferable, 30 to 1000 mol % is more preferable, and 40 to 800 mol % is even more preferable with respect to 100 mol %. If the content of the alkenyl compound is within the above range, the storage stability will be more excellent.
- the water content of the antifouling paint composition (2) is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less.
- the lower limit is not particularly limited, and may be 0% by mass.
- the coating film formed from the antifouling coating composition (2) is more excellent in water resistance and drying property.
- the solid content of the antifouling paint composition (2) is preferably 40 to 90% by mass, more preferably 50 to 80% by mass, more preferably 60 to 70% by mass, relative to the total mass of the antifouling paint composition (2). More preferred.
- the B-type viscosity of the antifouling coating composition (2) measured with a B-type viscometer at 25° C. is preferably less than 5,000 mPa s, more preferably less than 4,000 mPa s, and 3,000 mPa. ⁇ Less than s is more preferable, and less than 2,000 mPa ⁇ s is particularly preferable. If the B-type viscosity of the antifouling coating composition is equal to or less than the above upper limit, it is easy to apply. The lower limit of the B-type viscosity at 25° C.
- the antifouling paint composition is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of suppressing paint sagging during coating, it is preferably 100 mPa s or more, more preferably 200 mPa s or more, and 300 mPa s or more. More preferably, 1,000 mPa ⁇ s or more is particularly preferable.
- the antifouling paint composition (2) is prepared by preparing a compound (MM) and mixing it with a monomer (a), a monomer (M), an organic solvent, an antifouling agent, and other components as necessary. can be prepared by
- the antifouling paint composition (2) can be applied to the surface of substrates such as ships, various fishing nets, harbor facilities, oil fences, bridges, underwater structures such as submarine bases, and the like. It can be used to form a film (antifouling coating film).
- a coating film using the antifouling coating composition (2) can be formed on the substrate surface directly or through an undercoating film.
- the undercoating film can be formed using a wash primer, a chlorinated rubber-based or epoxy-based primer, an intermediate coating, or the like. Formation of a coating film can be performed by a well-known method.
- the antifouling coating composition (2) is applied to the substrate surface or the base coating film on the substrate by brush coating, spray coating, roller coating, dip coating, or the like, followed by drying.
- a coating film can be formed.
- the amount of the antifouling coating composition to be applied can generally be set so that the thickness of the dry coating film is 10 to 400 ⁇ m. Drying of the coating film can be usually performed at room temperature, and if necessary, drying by heating may be performed.
- wi represents the mass fraction of monomer i constituting the macromonomer or polymer
- Tg i represents the glass transition temperature of the homopolymer of monomer i constituting the macromonomer or polymer.
- Tg and Tg i in the above formula are values expressed in absolute temperature (K).
- Tg i is a value described in "POLYMER HANDBOOK Fourth Edition".
- Weight average molecular weight (Mw), number average molecular weight (Mn) The weight average molecular weight (Mw) and number average molecular weight (Mn) of the macromonomer or polymer were measured using gel permeation chromatography (GPC) (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, HLC-8220).
- the columns used were TSKgel ⁇ -M (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, 7.8 mm ⁇ 30 cm) and TSKguard column ⁇ (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, 6.0 mm ⁇ 4 cm).
- a calibration curve was prepared using F288/F1/28/F80/F40/F20/F2/A1000 (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation, standard polystyrene) and styrene monomers.
- viscosity tube A dry Gardner bubble viscosity tube (hereinafter also simply referred to as "viscosity tube”) was filled with the sample up to the indication line of the viscosity tube and plugged with a cork stopper.
- the viscosity tube from which the sample was taken is vertically immersed in a constant temperature water bath adjusted to a specified temperature (25.0 ⁇ 0.1 ° C) for at least 2 hours to make the sample constant temperature, and the viscosity tube to be the reference tube and the sample
- the viscosity tubes were simultaneously rotated 180° and the viscosity (Gardner viscosity) was determined by comparing the rate of foam rise of the sample with that of the reference tube.
- the viscosity of the polymer-containing composition measured with a Gardner bubble viscometer at 25° C. is Z or less, preferably W or less, and more preferably V or less. If the viscosity (B type viscosity or Gardner viscosity) of the polymer-containing composition is equal to or less than the above upper limit, an antifouling agent or the like can be blended without further adding an organic solvent for dilution to the polymer-containing composition. and can be applied to a coating composition with a low VOC content.
- the polymer-containing composition preferably has a viscosity at a solids content of at least 45% by mass that is equal to or less than the above preferred upper limit.
- the lower limit of the viscosity of the resin composition is not particularly limited.
- the Gardner viscosity at 25° C. is preferably B or higher from the viewpoint of suppressing paint sagging during coating.
- the antifouling coating composition was applied with a brush to a sandblasted steel plate that had been coated with an antirust coating in advance so that the dry film thickness was 200 to 300 ⁇ m, and dried to form a coating film to obtain a test plate. . After this test plate was allowed to stand in Mikawa Bay for 6 months, the ratio of the area to which marine organisms adhered to the total area of the coating film (adhesion area of marine organisms) was examined. evaluated.
- ⁇ The adhesion area of marine organisms is more than 10% and 20% or less.
- ⁇ The adhesion area of marine organisms is more than 20% and 40% or less.
- x The adhesion area of marine organisms exceeds 40%.
- the antifouling coating composition was applied to a hard vinyl chloride plate of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 2 mm with an applicator so as to give a dry film thickness of 120 ⁇ m, dried to form a coating film, and a test plate was obtained.
- This test plate was attached to a rotating drum placed in seawater and rotated at a peripheral speed of 7.7 m/s (15 knots). This state was maintained for 3 months, and the film thickness ( ⁇ m) of the coating film after 3 months was measured, and the film thickness consumed per month was defined as the degree of wear ( ⁇ m/M).
- the antifouling coating composition was applied to a hard vinyl chloride plate of 50 mm ⁇ 50 mm ⁇ 2 mm with an applicator so as to give a dry film thickness of 120 ⁇ m, dried to form a coating film, and a test plate was obtained.
- This test plate was attached to a rotating drum placed in seawater and rotated at a peripheral speed of 7.7 m/s (15 knots). This state was maintained for 3 months, the coating film surface was observed after 3 months, and the crack resistance was evaluated according to the following criteria.
- ⁇ Cracks are partially observed.
- ⁇ Some cracks and peeling are observed.
- x Cracks and peeling are observed over the entire surface.
- TIPSMA triisopropylsilyl methacrylate.
- TIPX triisopropylsilyl acrylate.
- MMA methyl methacrylate.
- EA ethyl acrylate.
- BA n-butyl acrylate.
- MA methyl acrylate.
- FM-0711 trade name "Silaplane FM-0711", JNC Co., Ltd. polysiloxane block-containing polymerizable monomer).
- MTMA 2-methoxyethyl methacrylate.
- MTA 2-methoxyethyl acrylate.
- HEA 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate.
- Luperox 575 t-amylperoxy-2-ethylhexanoate (trade name, “Luperox (registered trademark) 575” manufactured by Arkema Yoshitomi Co., Ltd.).
- Perocta O 1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutylperoxy 2-ethylhexanoate ("Perocta O (registered trademark)” manufactured by NOF Corporation).
- Perbutyl O t-butyl peroxy-2-ethylhexanoate (“Perbutyl O (registered trademark)” manufactured by NOF Corporation).
- AIBN 2,2'-azobisisobutyronitrile.
- AMBN 2,2'-azobis(2-methylbutyronitrile).
- Additive (1) chlorinated paraffin ("Toyoparax (registered trademark) 150” manufactured by Tosoh Corporation).
- Additive (2) Oxidized polyethylene wax (“Disparon (registered trademark) 4200-20” manufactured by Kusumoto Kasei Co., Ltd.).
- 50% rosin 50w% xylene diluted product of rosin (“Chugoku Rosin (registered trademark)” manufactured by Arakawa Chemical Industries, Ltd.).
- This aqueous suspension was filtered through a nylon filter cloth with an opening of 45 ⁇ m, and the filtrate was washed with deionized water, dehydrated, and dried at 40° C. for 16 hours to obtain a macromonomer (MM4).
- MM4 macromonomer
- Table 1 shows the solid content of the obtained solution (solution polymerization product of macromonomer), Tg, solid acid value, Mw, and Mn of the compounds (MM1 to MM4) in each solution.
- the amount of compound (MM) is the amount in terms of solid content.
- Tables 2 to 4 show the solid content of the obtained polymer-containing compositions (A-1 to A-17), the Tg of the polymer contained in each polymer-containing composition, the solid acid value, Mw, and Mn. show.
- the coating films of the antifouling coating compositions of Examples 1 to 16 using the compound (MM) (macromonomer) containing the monomer M unit were excellent in stationary antifouling property. In addition, it had an appropriate degree of consumption.
- the coating film of the antifouling paint composition was also excellent in crack resistance.
- the coating film of the antifouling coating composition of Comparative Example 1 using the macromonomer containing no monomer M unit was inferior in static antifouling property. Also, the degree of consumption was small.
- the coating film of the antifouling coating composition of Comparative Example 2, which did not use the macromonomer was inferior in static antifouling property.
- an antifouling coating composition capable of forming a coating film having excellent antifouling properties can be obtained, and an antifouling coating composition capable of forming a coating film having excellent antifouling properties.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
Abstract
Description
本願は、2021年3月31日に、日本に出願された特願2021-061682号に基づき優先権を主張し、その内容をここに援用する。
防汚塗料として、自己研磨型の防汚塗料が知られている。自己研磨型の防汚塗料から得られる塗膜は、塗膜表面が徐々に海水に溶解して表面更新(自己研磨)されることにより、長期にわたって防汚効果を発揮する。
特許文献1~4の防汚塗料組成物は、初期の塗膜溶解性はある程度向上しているものの、防汚効果が充分ではないことがある。
[1]加水分解性を有する構成単位を2以上含み、
末端にラジカル重合性基を有し、
重量平均分子量が10000以下であり、
固形酸価が、10mgKOH/g以上である化合物を共重合して得られる、重合体であって、前記固形酸価は、トルエン/エタノール/水=49.5/47/3.5の混合液中に化合物を溶解させ撹拌後、KOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール溶液にて滴定し、KOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール滴定後の溶液の指示薬のうすい紅色が60分間続くまで使用したKOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール溶液の量から算出される、重合体。
[2]前記重合体全体の質量に対する前記化合物に基づく構成単位の割合が5質量%以上である、[1]に記載の重合体。
[3]単量体(M)に基づく構成単位を2以上含み、
末端にラジカル重合性基を有し、
前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位が、シリコン原子含有基を含み、
前記化合物全体の質量に対する前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位の割合が、5質量%以上である化合物。
[4]前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位が、トリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基を含む、[3]に記載の化合物。
[5]前記トリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基が、下記式(1)で表される、[4]に記載の化合物。
[6]重量平均分子量が、2000以上1000000以下である、[3]~[5]のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
[7]前記化合物全体の質量に対する前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位の割合が、5質量%以上100質量%以下である、[3]~[6]のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
[8]下記式(MM-1)で表される、[3]~[7]のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
[9]前記末端基が、水素原子、又はラジカル重合開始剤に由来する基である、[8]に記載の化合物。
[10]トリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基を含むことが好ましく;下記式(1)で表されるトリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基を含むことがより好ましく;下記式(1)で表されるトリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基であって、式中、R1~R3は、それぞれ独立に炭素数1~5の炭化水素基であるトリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基を有することがさらに好ましい、[3]~[9]のいずれかに記載の化合物。
[11]固形酸価が、10mgKOH/g以上240mgKOH/g以下であることが好ましく、20mgKOH/g以上180mgKOH/g以下であることがより好ましく、50mgKOH/g以上150mgKOH/g以下であることがより好ましく、80mgKOH/g以上120mgKOH/g以下であることがさらに好ましい、[3]~[10]のいずれかに記載の化合物。
[12]ガラス転移温度(Tg)が、-10℃以上90℃以下が好ましく、10℃以上90℃以下がより好ましく、30℃以上90℃以下がさらに好ましい、[3]~[11]のいずれかに記載の化合物。
[13]重量平均分子量(Mw)が、2000以上1000000以下が好ましく、2000以上100000以下がより好ましく、2000以上10000以下がさらに好ましい、[3]~[12]のいずれかに記載の化合物。
[14]分子量分散度が、1.0以上4.0以下が好ましく、1.0以上3.5以下がより好ましく、1.0以上3.0以下がさらに好ましい、[3]~[13]のいずれかに記載の化合物。
[15]溶解度パラメータ(sp)が、2.0以上9.0以下が好ましく、3.0以上8.0以下がより好ましく、4.0以上7.0以下がさらに好ましい、[3]~[14]のいずれかに記載の化合物。
[16]Y1~Ynの総数に対するトリオルガノシリル基の数の割合は、5~100モル%が好ましく、10~60モル%が好ましく、20~40モル%がより好ましい、[8]~[15]のいずれかに記載の化合物。
[17]化合物全体の質量に対する前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位の割合は、5質量%以上100質量%以下が好ましく、10質量%以上90質量%以下がより好ましく、20質量%以上60質量%以下がより好ましく、30質量%以上50質量%以下がさらに好ましい、[3]~[16]のいずれかに記載の化合物。
[18]化合物を構成する全ての構成単位の合計(100モル%に)対する単量体(M)に基づく構成単位の割合は、5~100モル%が好ましく、10~60モル%が好ましく、20~40モル%がより好ましい、[3]~[17]のいずれかに記載の化合物。
[20]前記重合体を構成する全ての構成単位の合計に対する前記化合物に基づく構成単位の割合が、60質量%以下である、[19]に記載の重合体。
[21]前記重合体に対してトルエン/エタノール/水=49.5/47/3.5の混合液中に化合物を溶解させ撹拌後、KOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール溶液にて滴定し、KOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール滴定後の溶液の指示薬のうすい紅色が60分間続くまで使用したKOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール溶液の量から算出された固形酸価が、20mgKOH/g以上120mgKOH/g以下である、[19]又は[20]に記載の重合体。
[22](メタ)アクリル系重合体である、[19]~[21]のいずれか1項に記載の重合体。
[23]固形酸価が、20mgKOH/g以上120mgKOH/g以下であることが好ましく、25mgKOH/g以上90mgKOH/g以下であることがより好ましく、30mgKOH/g以上60mgKOH/g以下であることがさらに好ましい、[19]~[22]のいずれか1項に記載の重合体。
[24]ガラス転移温度(Tg)が、-10℃以上70℃以下が好ましく、0℃以上50℃以下がより好ましく、10℃以上30℃以下がさらに好ましい、[19]~[23]のいずれか1項に記載の重合体。
[25]重量平均分子量(Mw)が、2000以上100000以下が好ましく、5000以上50000以下がより好ましく、10000以上20000以下がさらに好ましい、[19]~[24]のいずれか1項に記載の重合体。
[26]分子量分散度は、1.0以上4.0以下が好ましく、1.0以上3.5以下がより好ましく、1.0以上3.0以下がさらに好ましい、[19]~[25]のいずれか1項に記載の重合体。
[27]溶解度パラメータ(sp)が、2.0以上10.0以下が好ましく、3.0以上9.0以下がより好ましく、4.5以上8.0以下がさらに好ましい、[19]~[26]のいずれか1項に記載の重合体。
[28]重合体を構成する全ての構成単位の合計に対する、前記化合物に基づく構成単位の割合は、5質量%以上60質量%以下が好ましく、10質量%以上55質量%以下がより好ましく、15質量%以上50質量%以下がより好ましく、20質量%以上40質量%以下がさらに好ましい、[19]~[27]のいずれか1項に記載の重合体。
[30][1]、[2]、及び[19]~[28]のいずれか1項に記載の重合体を含む、防汚塗料組成物。
[31]さらに防汚剤を含む、[29]又は[30]に記載の防汚塗料組成物。
[32]前記防汚剤が、銅を含む銅系防汚剤を含むことが好ましく;亜酸化銅、及び銅ピリチオンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含むことが好ましい、[31]に記載の防汚塗料組成物。
[33]前記防汚剤が、亜酸化銅、メデトミジン、銅ピリチオン、4-ブロモ-2-(4-クロロフェニル)-5-(トリフルオロメチル)-1H-ピロール-3-カルボニトリルである[31]に記載の防汚塗料組成物。
[34]前記防汚塗料組成物の25℃にてB型粘度計により測定されるB型粘度が5000mPa・s以下であることが好ましい、[29]~[33]のいずれか一項に記載の防汚塗料組成物。
[35][29]~[34]のいずれか1項に記載の防汚塗料組成物から形成される、防汚塗膜。
[36][1]、[2]、及び[19]~[28]のいずれか1項に記載の重合体を含む、重合体含有組成物。
[37]前記重合体含有組成物の25℃にてガードナー気泡粘度計により測定される粘度が、Z以下であり、W以下が好ましく、B以上W以下がより好ましく、V以下がさらに好ましく、B以上V以下が特に好ましい、[36]に記載の重合体含有組成物。
[38]さらに防汚剤を含む、[36]又は[37]に記載の重合体含有組成物。
[39]前記防汚剤が、銅を含む銅系防汚剤を含むことが好ましく;亜酸化銅、及び銅ピリチオンからなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含むことが好ましい、[38]に記載の重合体含有組成物。
[40]前記防汚剤が、亜酸化銅、メデトミジン、銅ピリチオン、4-ブロモ-2-(4-クロロフェニル)-5-(トリフルオロメチル)-1H-ピロール-3-カルボニトリルである[38]に記載の重合体含有組成物。
[41][36]~[40]のいずれか一項に記載の重合体含有組成物の、防汚塗膜の形成のための使用。
[42]ラジカル重合性単量体(M)に基づく構成単位2以上を含み、
末端にラジカル重合性基を有し、
前記ラジカル重合性単量体(M)に基づく構成単位が、シリコン原子含有基を含み、
前記ラジカル重合性単量体が5質量%以上である化合物と、
エチレン性不飽和基を有する単量体(ただし前記化合物は除く。)とを重合する、
(メタ)アクリル系共重合体の製造方法。
[43]重合体の製造方法であって、
[3]~[18]のいずれか1項に記載の化合物と、エチレン性不飽和基を有する単量体(ただし前記化合物は除く。)とを重合することを含む、重合体の製造方法。
[44]前記エチレン性不飽和基を有する単量体が、単量体(a)を含み、前記単量体(a)が、下記式(a1)で示される化合物であることが好ましく;下記式(a1)で示される化合物であって、式(a1)中のR41が水素原子又はメチル基であり、R42がCOOR45であり、R45が炭素数1~5のアルキル基、炭素数3~5のアルコキシアルキル基、又は炭素数3~6のシクロアルキル基である化合物がさらに好ましく;下記式(a1)で示される化合物であって、式(a1)中のR41が水素原子又はメチル基であり、R42がCOOR45であり、R45が炭素数1~3のアルキル基、又は炭素数3~5のアルコキシアルキル基である化合物が特に好ましい、[42]又は[43]に記載の製造方法。
CH2=CR41R42 (a1)
(式中、R41は水素原子、メチル基又はヒドロキシメチル基を示し、R42はOR43、ハロゲン原子、COR44、COOR45、CN、CONR46R47又はR48を示す。R43~R47は、それぞれ独立に水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、又は複素環式基を示し、R48は、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基を示す。)
[45]前記エチレン性不飽和基を有する単量体が、単量体(M)を含み、前記単量体(M)が、下記式(MM-1)で表される化合物であることが好ましく;前記単量体(M)が、下記式(MM-1)で表される化合物であり、式中、末端基が、水素原子、又はラジカル重合開始剤に由来する基であることがより好ましく;前記単量体(M)が、下記式(MM-1)で表される化合物であり、式中、トリオルガノシリル基が下記式(7)で表される基であることがさらに好ましい、[42]~[44]のいずれか一項に記載の製造方法。
[1]単量体(M)に基づく構成単位を2以上含み、末端にラジカル重合性基を有し、前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位が加水分解性を有する、化合物。
[2]前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位が、トリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基を含む前記[1]の化合物。
[3]単量体(M)に基づく構成単位を2以上含み、末端にラジカル重合性基を有し、前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位がトリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基を含む、化合物。
[4]前記トリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基が、下記式(1)で表される前記[2]又は[3]の化合物。
[5]前記化合物全体の質量に対する前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位の割合が、5質量%以上100質量%以下である前記[1]~[4]のいずれかの化合物。
[6]下記式(MM-1)で表される、化合物。
[7]前記末端基が、水素原子、又はラジカル重合開始剤に由来する基である、前記[6]の化合物。
[8]重量平均分子量が、2000以上1000000以下である前記[1]~[7]のいずれかの化合物。
[9]前記[1]~[8]のいずれかの化合物に基づく構成単位を含む、重合体。
[10]前記重合体を構成する全ての構成単位の合計に対する前記化合物に基づく構成単位の割合が、1質量%以上60質量%以下である前記[9]の重合体。
[11]前記重合体に対して水酸化カリウム水溶液で加水分解処理を行った後に生成する官能基量から算出される固形酸価が、20mgKOH/g以上120mgKOH/g以下である前記[9]又は[10]の重合体。
[12](メタ)アクリル系重合体である前記[9]~[11]のいずれかの重合体。
[13]前記[1]~[8]のいずれかの化合物を含む、防汚塗料組成物。
[14]前記[9]~[12]のいずれかの重合体を含む、防汚塗料組成物。
「単量体」は、重合性を有する化合物(重合性単量体)を意味する。
「(メタ)アクリル系単量体」は、(メタ)アクリロイル基を有する単量体を意味する。
「(メタ)アクリロイル基」は、アクリロイル基又はメタクリロイル基を意味する。「(メタ)アクリレート」、「(メタ)アクリル酸」、「(メタ)アクリルアミド」も同様である。
本発明の一態様に係る化合物(以下、「化合物(MM)」とも記す。)は、単量体(M)に基づく構成単位(以下、「単量体(M)単位」とも記す。)を2以上含み、末端にラジカル重合性基を有する化合物である。化合物(MM)は、重合体を重合するための単量体として用いることができる化合物であり、マクロモノマーとも呼ばれる。
化合物(MM)は、単量体(M)に基づく構成単位に加え、単量体(M)以外の単量体(以下、「単量体(a)」とも記す。)に基づく構成単位(以下、「単量体(a)単位」とも記す。)をさらに含むことが好ましい。
単量体(M)単位は、加水分解性を有する。
単量体(M)単位が「加水分解性を有する」とは、単量体(M)に基づく構成単位と水との反応により、単量体(M)由来の分解生成物が得られることを意味する。例えば、単量体(M)単位を含む本発明の一態様に係る化合物は、水酸化カリウム水溶液で加水分解処理を行うことで加水分解可能である。加水分解処理とは、トルエン/エタノール/水=49.5/47/3.5の混合液中に化合物を溶解させ撹拌後、KOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール溶液にて滴定する方法がある。撹拌条件は、室温以上の温度で100℃以下の温度である。単量体(M)単位が加水分解したかどうかは、加水分解により生成する官能基(カルボキシ基等)の同定により確認できる。
単量体(M)単位は、化合物(MM)に対して上記加水分解処理を行ったときに加水分解可能な構造を含むことが好ましい。上記加水分解処理を行ったときに加水分解可能な構造としては、例えば、トリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基、下記式(2)~(6)のいずれかで表される構造が挙げられる。以下、式(2)で表される構造を「構造(2)」とも記し、他の式で表される構造も同様に記すことがある。これらの構造は、上記加水分解処理を行ったときに加水分解してカルボキシ基を生成する。
上記のうち、亜酸化銅と併用可能で、弱塩基条件下で加水分解が加速される点では、トリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基が好ましい。
-COO-M-R10 (6)
(式中、Xは-O-、-S-又は-NR11-を示し、R11は水素原子又はアルキル基を示し、R4及びR5は、それぞれ独立に水素原子又は炭素数1~10のアルキル基を示し、R6及びR8は、それぞれ独立に炭素数1~20のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基又はアリール基を示し、R7は炭素数1~10のアルキレン基を示し、R9は炭素数2~10のアルキレン基を示し、Mは、Zn、Cu、Mg又はCaを示し、R10は、(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ基以外の有機酸残基を示す。)
アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基はそれぞれ、置換基を有していてもよい。
アルキル基が有していてもよい置換基としては、例えばハロゲン原子、アシル基、ニトロ基、アミノ基等が挙げられる。シクロアルキル基又はアリール基が有していてもよい置換基としては、例えばハロゲン原子、アルキル基、アシル基、ニトロ基、アミノ基等が挙げられる。置換基としてのアルキル基の炭素数は、1~18程度が好ましい。
R1~R3は互いに同一でもよく異なっていてもよい。
安定したポリッシングレート(研磨速度)を示す塗膜が得られ、防汚性能を長期間安定して維持できる点で、R1~R3のうち少なくとも1つがイソプロピル基であることが好ましく、全てがイソプロピル基であることが特に好ましい。
R4及びR5におけるアルキル基の炭素数は、1~4が好ましく、1~3がより好ましく、1又は2がさらに好ましい。
シクロアルキル基としては、炭素数4~8のシクロアルキル基が好ましく、例えばシクロヘキシル基、シクロペンチル基等が挙げられる。
アリール基としては、炭素数6~20のアリール基が好ましく、例えばフェニル基、ナフチル基等が挙げられる。
R6としては、炭素数1~10のアルキル基、シクロアルキル基が好ましい。
置換基のうち、シクロアルキル基、アリール基はそれぞれ、R6におけるシクロアルキル基、アリール基と同様のものが挙げられる。アルコキシ基としては、メトキシ基、エトキシ基、プロポキシ基、ブトキシ基等が挙げられる。アルカノイルオキシ基としては、エタノイルオキシ基等が挙げられる。アラルキル基としては、ベンジル基等が挙げられる。
R7における炭素数1~10のアルキレン基としては、例えばメチレン基、エチレン基、プロピレン基、ブチレン基、ヘキシレン基等が挙げられる。アルキレン基の炭素数は、2~7が好ましく、3~4がより好ましい。
アルキレン基は置換基を有していてもよい。置換基を有する場合、置換基の数は1つでもよく2つ以上でもよい。アルキレン基が有していてもよい置換基としては、R6における置換基と同様のものが挙げられる。
R8は、式(2)中のR6と同様であり、好ましい態様も同様である。
R9における炭素数2~10のアルキレン基としては、例えばエチレン基、プロピレン基、ブチレン基、ヘキシレン基等が挙げられる。アルキレン基の炭素数は、2~7が好ましく、3~4がより好ましい。
R10の有機酸残基は、有機酸からプロトン1つを除いた残りの部分(例えばカルボン酸のカルボキシ基からプロトンを除いた残りの部分)をいい、このプロトンの代わりにMとイオン結合している。
有機酸としては、カルボン酸が好ましく、例えばモノクロル酢酸、モノフルオロ酢酸、酢酸、プロピオン酸、オクチル酸、バーサチック酸、イソステアリン酸、パルミチン酸、クレソチン酸、α-ナフトエ酸、β-ナフトエ酸、安息香酸、2,4,5-トリクロロフェノキシ酢酸、2,4-ジクロロフェノキシ酢酸、キノリンカルボン酸、ニトロ安息香酸、ニトロナフタレンカルボン酸、ピルビン酸、ナフテン酸、アビエチン酸、水添アビエチン酸等のモノカルボン酸等が挙げられる。
R10としては、長期にわたりクラックや剥離を防止できる耐久性の高い塗膜が得られる点で、炭素数1~20の脂肪酸残基(脂肪族モノカルボン酸残基)が好ましい。
単量体(M)は、化合物(MM)に基づく構成単位を含む重合体を有機溶剤に溶解したときの粘度が低くなる点から、ラジカル重合性基を1つ有する単官能単量体であることが好ましい。
ラジカル重合性基としては、化合物(MM)が有するラジカル重合性基と同様のものが挙げられる。
ラジカル重合性基としては、エチレン性不飽和結合(重合性炭素-炭素二重結合)を含む基が好ましい。単量体(M)がエチレン性不飽和結合を含む場合、単量体(M)単位は、単量体(M)のエチレン性不飽和結合が開裂して単結合となった構造を有する。
ラジカル重合性基としては、(メタ)アクリロイル基が特に好ましい。すなわち、化合物(MM)は、(メタ)アクリル系単量体であることが特に好ましい。
これらのうち、亜酸化銅と併用可能で、弱塩基条件下で加水分解が加速される点では、単量体(M1)が特に好ましい。
CH2=C(R12)-CO-O-SiR1R2R3 (M1-1)
CH(COOR13)=C(R12)-CO-O-SiR1R2R3 (M1-2)
(式中、R1~R3は前記と同義であり、R12は水素原子又はメチル基を示し、R13はアルキル基を示す。)
R13におけるアルキル基としては、例えば炭素数1~5のアルキル基が挙げられる。
トリメチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリエチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-n-プロピルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-n-ブチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-n-アミルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-n-ヘキシルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-n-オクチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-n-ドデシルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリフェニルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-p-メチルフェニルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリベンジルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリイソプロピルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリイソブチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-s-ブチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-2-メチルイソプロピルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリ-t-ブチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、エチルジメチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、n-ブチルジメチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、ジイソプロピル-n-ブチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、n-オクチルジ-n-ブチルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、ジイソプロピルステアリルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、ジシクロヘキシルフェニルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、t-ブチルジフェニルシリル(メタ)アクリレート、ラウリルジフェニルシリル(メタ)アクリレート等。
トリイソプロピルシリルメチルマレート、トリイソプロピルシリルアミルマレート、トリ-n-ブチルシリル-n-ブチルマレート、t-ブチルジフェニルシリルメチルマレート、t-ブチルジフェニルシリル-n-ブチルマレート、トリイソプロピルシリルメチルフマレート、トリイソプロピルシリルアミルフマレート、トリ-n-ブチルシリル-n-ブチルフマレート、t-ブチルジフェニルシリルメチルフマレート、t-ブチルジフェニルシリル-n-ブチルフマレート等。
CH(CH3)=CH-COO-は、クロトノイルオキシ基(エチレン性不飽和結合がトランス型)又はイソクロトノイルオキシ基(エチレン性不飽和結合がシス型)である。
CHRX=CH-COO-は、カルボキシ基が構造(2)、構造(3)、構造(4)又はアルキルエステル基に置換された、マレイノイルオキシ基(エチレン性不飽和結合がシス型)又はフマロイルオキシ基(エチレン性不飽和結合がトランス型)である。
RXにおけるアルキルエステル基は、-COORX1で表される。RX1はアルキル基を示す。RX1のアルキル基としては、炭素数1~6のアルキル基が好ましく、メチル基が特に好ましい。
QがCHRX=CH-COO-、CH2=C(CH2RX)-COO-又はCH2=CRX-CH2COO-である場合、QにおけるRXは、Qが結合した基と同じ構造であるか、又はアルキルエステル基であることが好ましい。例えば式(M2-1)で表される化合物の場合、QにおけるRXは、構造(2)(-CR4R5-XR6)又はアルキルエステル基であることが好ましい。
CH2=C(CH2RX)-COO-又はCH2=CRX-CH2COO-は、カルボキシ基が構造(2)、構造(3)、構造(4)又はアルキルエステル基に置換されたイタコノイルオキシ基である。RXは前記と同様である。
Qとしては、CH2=CH-COO-又はCH(CH3)=CH-COO-が好ましい。
構造(5)の両末端にビニル基が結合した単量体として、例えば下記式(M3-1)で表される単量体が挙げられる。
(CH2=C(R12)-CO-O)2M (M3-1)
(式中、MはZn、Cu、Mg又はCaを示し、R12は水素原子又はメチル基を示す。)
単量体(M3)としては、重合体の透明性が高くなり、これを含む塗膜の色調が美しくなる傾向にある点から、(メタ)アクリル酸亜鉛、(メタ)アクリル酸銅が好ましい。
構造(6)の片末端にビニル基が結合した単量体として、例えば下記式(M4-1)で表される単量体が挙げられる。
CH2=C(R12)-CO-O-M-R10 (M4-1)
(式中、MはZn、Cu、Mg又はCaを示し、R12は水素原子又はメチル基を示し、R10は(メタ)アクリロイルオキシ基以外の有機酸残基を示す。)
中でも、重合体の透明性が高くなり、これを含む塗膜の色調が美しくなる傾向にある点から、MがZnである亜鉛含有モノマーが好ましい。さらに、得られる塗膜の耐久性の点から、脂肪酸亜鉛(メタ)アクリレート(式(M6-1)中のMがZn、R10が脂肪酸残基であるもの)、又は脂肪酸銅(メタ)アクリレート(式(M6-1)中のMがCu、R10が脂肪酸残基であるもの)がより好ましい。
単量体(M)は、公知の方法により製造したものを用いてもよく、市販のものを用いてもよい。例えば単量体(M2)~(M4)は、国際公開第2017/051922号に記載の方法により製造できる。
単量体(a)としては、単量体(M)と共重合可能であればよく、例えばラジカル重合性基を有する化合物(ただし、化合物(MM)及び単量体(M)を除く。)が挙げられる。単量体(a)が有するラジカル重合性基としては、エチレン性不飽和結合を有する基が好ましい。
単量体(a)としては、種々のものが用いられ得るが、例えば、
(メタ)アクリル酸メチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エチル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-プロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸t-ブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソアミル、(メタ)アクリル酸ヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-エチルヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸オクチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ラウリル、(メタ)アクリル酸ステアリル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソステアリル、(メタ)アクリル酸ヘキサデシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ノニル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソノニル、(メタ)アクリル酸フェニル、(メタ)アクリル酸ベンジル、(メタ)アクリル酸シクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸テトラヒドロフルフリル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソボルニル、(メタ)アクリル酸3,5,5-トリメチルシクロヘキシル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジシクロペンタニル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジシクロペンテニル、(メタ)アクリル酸ジシクロペンテニルオキシエチル、テルペンアクリレートやその誘導体、水添ロジンアクリレートやその誘導体、(メタ)アクリル酸ドコシル等の炭化水素基含有(メタ)アクリル酸エステル;
(メタ)アクリル酸2-ヒドロキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-ヒドロキシプロピル、(メタ)アクリル酸2-ヒドロキシブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸3-ヒドロキシブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸4-ヒドロキシブチル、グリセロール(メタ)アクリレート等の水酸基含有(メタ)アクリル酸エステル;
(メタ)アクリル酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルヘキサヒドロフタル酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピルヘキサヒドロフタル酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルフタル酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピルフタル酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルマレイン酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピルマレイン酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシエチルコハク酸、2-(メタ)アクリロイルオキシプロピルコハク酸、クロトン酸、フマル酸、マレイン酸、イタコン酸、シトラコン酸、マレイン酸モノメチル、マレイン酸モノエチル、マレイン酸モノオクチル、イタコン酸モノメチル、イタコン酸モノエチル、イタコン酸モノブチル、イタコン酸モノオクチル、フマル酸モノメチル、フマル酸モノエチル、フマル酸モノブチル、フマル酸モノオクチル、シトラコン酸モノエチル等のカルボキシル基含有ビニル系単量体;
無水マレイン酸、無水イタコン酸等の酸無水物基含有ビニル系単量体;
ジメチルマレート、ジブチルマレート、ジメチルフマレート、ジブチルフマレート、ジブチルイタコネート、ジパーフルオロシクロヘキシルフマレート等の不飽和ジカルボン酸ジエステル単量体;
(メタ)アクリル酸グリシジル、α-エチルアクリル酸グリシジル、(メタ)アクリル酸3,4-エポキシブチル等のエポキシ基含有ビニル系単量体;
ジメチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチルアミノエチル(メタ)アクリレート等のアミノ基含有ビニル系単量体;
(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-t-ブチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-メチロール(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-イソプロピルアクリルアミド、ヒドロキシエチルアクリルアミド、N-メトキシメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、N-ブトキシメチル(メタ)アクリルアミド、ダイアセトンアクリルアミド、マレイン酸アミド、マレイミド等のアミド基含有ビニル系単量体;
スチレン、α-メチルスチレン、ビニルトルエン、(メタ)アクリロニトリル、酢酸ビニル、プロピオン酸ビニル等のビニル系単量体;
ジビニルベンゼン、エチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,3-ブチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,4-ブタンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,6-ヘキサンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ジエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、テトラエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ポリエチレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,9-ノナンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、1,10-デカンジオールジ(メタ)アクリレート、トリメチロールプロパントリ(メタ)アクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラ(メタ)アクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサ(メタ)アクリレート、アリル(メタ)アクリレート、トリアリルシアヌレート、マレイン酸ジアリル、ポリプロピレングリコールジアリルエーテル、N,N’-メチレンビス(メタ)アクリルアミド等の多官能性ビニル系単量体;
アクリロイルモルホリン、(メタ)アクリル酸ポリエチレングリコール、(メタ)アクリル酸ポリプロピレングリコール、(メタ)アクリル酸メトキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エトキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸n-ブトキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸イソブトキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸t-ブトキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸エトキシエトキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸フェノキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸ノニルフェノキシエチル、(メタ)アクリル酸3-メトキシブチル、(メタ)アクリル酸アセトキシエチル、「プラクセルFM」(ダイセル化学(株)製カプロラクトン付加モノマー、商品名)、「ブレンマーPME-100」(日油(株)製メトキシポリエチレングリコールメタクリレート(エチレングリコールの連鎖が2であるもの)、商品名)、「ブレンマーPME-200」(日油(株)製メトキシポリエチレングリコールメタクリレート(エチレングリコールの連鎖が4であるもの)、商品名)、「ブレンマーPME-400」(日油(株)製メトキシポリエチレングリコールメタクリレート(エチレングリコールの連鎖が9であるもの)、商品名)、「ブレンマー50POEP-800B」(日油(株)製オクトキシポリエチレングリコール-ポリプロピレングリコール-メタクリレート(エチレングリコールの連鎖が8であり、プロピレングリコールの連鎖が6であるもの)、商品名)及び「ブレンマー20ANEP-600」(日油(株)製ノニルフェノキシ(エチレングリコール-ポリプロピレングリコール)モノアクリレート、商品名)、「ブレンマーAME-100」(日油(株)製、商品名)、「ブレンマーAME-200」(日油(株)製、商品名)及び「ブレンマー50AOEP-800B」(日油(株)製、商品名)、サイラプレーンFM-0711(JNC(株)製、商品名)、サイラプレーンFM-0721(JNC(株)製、商品名)、サイラプレーンFM-0725(JNC(株)製、商品名)、サイラプレーンTM-0701(JNC(株)製、商品名)、サイラプレーンTM-0701T(JNC(株)製、商品名)、X-22-174DX(信越化学工業(株)製、商品名)、X-22-2426(信越化学工業(株)製、商品名)、X-22-2475(信越化学工業(株)製、商品名)等の側基にエーテル基又はエステル基を含有する(メタ)アクリル酸エステル(ただし、単量体(M)を除く。);
塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、フッ化ビニル、フッ化ビニリデン、クロロトリフルオロエチレン等のハロゲン化オレフィン;
(メタ)アクリル酸2-イソシアナトエチル2,2,2-トリフルオロエチル(メタ)アクリレート、2,2,3,3,3-ペンタフルオロフェニル(メタ)アクリレート、2-(パーフルオロブチル)エチル(メタ)アクリレート、3-(パーフルオロブチル)-2-ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、2-(パーフルオロヘキシル)エチル(メタ)アクリレート、3-パーフルオロヘキシル-2-ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、3-(パーフルオロ-3-メチルブチル)-2-ヒドロキシプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、2,2,3,3-テトラフルオロプロピル(メタ)アクリレート、1H,1H,5H-オクタフルオロペンチル(メタ)アクリレート、1H,1H,5H-オクタフルオロペンチル(メタ)メタクリレート、1H,1H,2H,2H-トリデカフルオロオクチル(メタ)アクリレート、1H-1-(トリフルオロメチル)トリフルオロエチル(メタ)アクリレート、1H,1H,3H-ヘキサフルオロブチル(メタ)アクリレート、1,2,2,2-テトラフルオロー1-(トリフルオロメチル)エチル(メタ)アクリレート等のフッ素含有モノマー(ただしハロゲン化オレフィンを除く。);
4-メタクリロイルオキシベンゾフェノン、(メタ)アクリル酸-2-イソシアナトエチル等が挙げられる。これらの単量体は1種を単独で用いてもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。
単量体(a)の少なくとも一部は(メタ)アクリル系単量体であることが好ましい。
CH2=CR41R42 (a1)
(式中、R41は水素原子、メチル基又はヒドロキシメチル基を示し、R42はOR43、ハロゲン原子、COR44、COOR45、CN、CONR46R47又はR48を示す。R43~R47は、それぞれ独立に水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、又は複素環式基を示し、R48は、アリール基又はヘテロアリール基を示す。)
R43~R47における複素環式基としては、例えば、炭素数5~18の複素環式基が挙げられる。複素環式基の具体例としては、γ-ブチロラクトン基及びε-カプロラクトン基等の酸素原子含有複素環式基、ピリジル基、カルバゾリル基、ピロリジニル基、ピロリドン基等の窒素原子含有複素環式基、モルホリノ基等が挙げられる。
アルキル基が有していてもよい置換基としては、例えば、アリール基、-COOR51、シアノ基、-OR52、-NR53R54、-CONR55R56、ハロゲン原子、アリル基、エポキシ基、シロキシ基、及び親水性又はイオン性を示す基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種が挙げられる。
シクロアルキル基、アリール基又は複素環式基が有していてもよい置換基としては、例えば、アルキル基、アリール基、-COOR51、シアノ基、-OR52、-NR53R54、-CONR55R56、ハロゲン原子、アリル基、エポキシ基、シロキシ基、及び親水性又はイオン性を示す基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種が挙げられる。
-COOR51、-OR52、-NR53R54、-CONR55R56において、R51~R56はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基又はアリール基を示す。R51~R56におけるアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基はそれぞれ、Rにおけるアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基と同様のものが挙げられる。
-COOR51のR51としては、水素原子又はアルキル基が好ましい。すなわち、-COOR51は、カルボキシ基又はアルコキシカルボニル基が好ましい。アルコキシカルボニル基としては、例えば、メトキシカルボニル基が挙げられる。
-OR52のR52としては、水素原子又はアルキル基が好ましい。すなわち、-OR52は、ヒドロキシ基又はアルコキシ基が好ましい。アルコキシ基としては、例えば、炭素数1~12のアルコキシ基が挙げられ、具体例としては、メトキシ基が挙げられる。
-NR53R54としては、例えばアミノ基、モノメチルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基が挙げられる。
-CONR55R56としては、例えば、カルバモイル基(-CONH2)、N-メチルカルバモイル基(-CONHCH3)、N,N-ジメチルカルバモイル基(ジメチルアミド基:-CON(CH3)2)が挙げられる。
ハロゲン原子としては、例えば、ふっ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、よう素原子が挙げられる。
親水性又はイオン性を示す基としては、例えば、カルボキシ基のアルカリ塩又はスルホキシ基のアルカリ塩、ポリエチレンオキシド基、ポリプロピレンオキシド基等のポリ(アルキレンオキシド)基及び四級アンモニウム塩基等のカチオン性置換基が挙げられる。
R43~R47としては、入手のし易さから、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基及びオクチル基がより好ましく、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、イソボルニル基及びアダマンチル基がさらに好ましい。
ヘテロアリール基としては、例えば、ピリジル基、カルバゾリル基が挙げられる。
アリール基、ヘテロアリール基はそれぞれ置換基を有していてもよい。置換基としては、カルボン酸基、カルボン酸エステル基、エポキシ基、ヒドロキシ基、アルコキシ基、1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基、3級アミノ基、イソシアナト基、スルホン酸基、ハロゲン原子、アリル基等が挙げられる。
カルボン酸エステル基、アルコキシ基、1級アミノ基、2級アミノ基、3級アミノ基、アルキル基、アリール基及びハロゲン原子はそれぞれ前記と同様のものが挙げられる。
R45としては、アルキル基又はシクロアルキル基が好ましい。シクロアルキル基としては、置換基を有さないシクロアルキル基、又は置換基としてアルキル基を有するシクロアルキル基が好ましい。
R45としては、入手のし易さから、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基、又はオクチル基が好ましく、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、イソボルニル基、又はアダマンチル基がより好ましい。
化合物(MM)全体の質量に対する単量体(M)単位の割合は、5質量%以上100質量%以下が好ましく、10質量%以上90質量%以下がより好ましく、20質量%以上60質量%以下がより好ましく、30質量%以上50質量%以下がさらに好ましい。単量体(M)単位の割合が上記下限値以上であれば、化合物(MM)の加水分解性が向上し、塗膜の防汚性がより優れる傾向があり、上記上限値以下であれば、塗膜の耐クラック性がより優れる傾向がある。
ラジカル重合性基としては、エチレン性不飽和結合を含む基が好ましい。エチレン性不飽和結合を含む基としては、例えば、CH2=C(COOR)-CH2-、(メタ)アクリロイル基、2-(ヒドロキシメチル)アクリロイル基、ビニル基等が挙げられる。
CH2=C(COOR)-CH2-において、Rは水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基、複素環式基、又はトリオルガノシリル基を示す。
アリール基としては、例えば、炭素数6~18のアリール基が挙げられる。アリール基の具体例としては、フェニル基及びナフチル基が挙げられる。
トリオルガノシリル基としては、例えば、下記式(7)で表される基が挙げられる。
置換基としては、例えば、アルキル基(ただしRが置換基を有するアルキル基である場合を除く。)、アリール基、-COOR51、シアノ基、-OR52、-NR53R54、-CONR55R56、ハロゲン原子、アリル基、エポキシ基、シロキシ基、及び親水性又はイオン性を示す基からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種が挙げられる。
-COOR51、-OR52、-NR53R54、-CONR55R56において、R51~R56はそれぞれ独立に、水素原子、アルキル基、シクロアルキル基又はアリール基を示す。R51~R56におけるアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基はそれぞれ、Rにおけるアルキル基、シクロアルキル基、アリール基と同様のものが挙げられる。
-COOR51のR51としては、水素原子又はアルキル基が好ましい。すなわち、-COOR51は、カルボキシ基又はアルコキシカルボニル基が好ましい。アルコキシカルボニル基としては、例えば、メトキシカルボニル基が挙げられる。
-OR52のR52としては、水素原子又はアルキル基が好ましい。すなわち、-OR52は、ヒドロキシ基又はアルコキシ基が好ましい。アルコキシ基としては、例えば、炭素数1~12のアルコキシ基が挙げられ、具体例としては、メトキシ基が挙げられる。
-NR53R54としては、例えばアミノ基、モノメチルアミノ基、ジメチルアミノ基が挙げられる。
-CONR55R56としては、例えば、カルバモイル基(-CONH2)、N-メチルカルバモイル基(-CONHCH3)、N,N-ジメチルカルバモイル基(ジメチルアミド基:-CON(CH3)2)が挙げられる。
ハロゲン原子としては、例えば、ふっ素原子、塩素原子、臭素原子、よう素原子が挙げられる。
親水性又はイオン性を示す基としては、例えば、カルボキシ基のアルカリ塩又はスルホキシ基のアルカリ塩、ポリエチレンオキシド基、ポリプロピレンオキシド基等のポリ(アルキレンオキシド)基及び四級アンモニウム塩基等のカチオン性置換基が挙げられる。
Rとしては、入手のし易さから、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、ペンチル基、ヘキシル基、ヘプチル基及びオクチル基が好ましく、メチル基、エチル基、n-プロピル基、i-プロピル基、n-ブチル基、t-ブチル基、シクロプロピル基、シクロブチル基、イソボルニル基及びアダマンチル基がより好ましい。
Zとしては、公知のラジカル重合で得られるポリマーの末端基と同様であってよく、例えば、水素原子、ラジカル重合開始剤に由来する基、ラジカル重合性基等が挙げられる。これらの中でも、副反応が進行しない点から、水素原子、又はラジカル重合開始剤に由来する基が好ましい。
固形酸価は、後述する実施例に記載の方法により測定される。
ガラス転移温度は、後述する実施例に記載の方法により算出される。
化合物(MM)の分子量分散度は、1.0以上4.0以下が好ましく、1.0以上3.5以下がより好ましく、1.0以上3.0以下がさらに好ましい。分子量分散度は、数平均分子量(Mn)に対する重量平均分子量(Mw)の比(Mw/Mn)である。
重量平均分子量及び数平均分子量は、ゲルろ過クロマトグラフィー(GPC)により、ポリスチレンを基準物質として測定される。
δ(sp)=(ΣEcoh/ΣV)1/2
式中、ΣEcohは凝集エネルギー(cal/mol)を、ΣVはモル分子容積(cm3/mol)を示す。
ΣEcoh及びΣVは、公知の値、例えば、Robert F.FEDORS,「POLYMER ENGINEERING AND SCIENCE」,February,1974,Vol.14,No.2,147~154頁に記載の値を用いることができる。
化合物(MM)の製造方法としては、例えば、(i)単量体(M)を含む単量体混合物を、コバルト連鎖移動剤を用いて重合する方法、(ii)単量体(M)を含む単量体混合物を、連鎖移動剤としてα-メチルスチレンダイマー等のα置換不飽和化合物を用いて重合する方法、(iii)単量体(M)単位を含む単量体混合物を重合し、得られた重合体にラジカル重合性基を化学的に結合させる方法、(iv)単量体(M)を含む単量体混合物を重合し、得られた重合体を熱分解する方法等が挙げられる。
これらの中で、化合物(MM)の製造方法としては、製造工程数が少なく、連鎖移動定数の高い触媒を使用する点で、(i)の方法が好ましい。なお、コバルト連鎖移動剤を用いて製造した場合の化合物(MM)は、前記式(MM-1)で表される構造を有する。
上記(iii)の方法において、重合体にラジカル重合性基を化学的に結合させる方法としては、例えば、ハロゲン基を有する重合体のハロゲン基を、ラジカル重合性の炭素-炭素二重結合を有する化合物で置換することにより製造する方法、酸基を有するビニル系単量体とエポキシ基を有するビニル系重合体とを反応させる方法、エポキシ基を有するビニル系重合体と酸基を有するビニル系単量体とを反応させる方法、水酸基を有するビニル系重合体とジイソシアネート化合物とを反応させ、イソシアネート基を有するビニル系重合体を得て、このビニル系重合体と水酸基を有するビニル系単量体とを反応させる方法等が挙げられ、いずれの方法によって製造されても構わない。
重合体のカルボキシ基を構造(2)、(3)又は(4)に変換する方法としては、例えば、重合体と、下記式(12)で表される化合物、下記式(13)で表される化合物、及び下記式(14)で表される化合物からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種のアルケニル化合物とを反応(付加反応)させる方法が挙げられる。
式(12)中、R14における炭素数1~9のアルキル基は、炭素数が9以下である以外は、R4における炭素数1~10のアルキル基と同様である。R15、R16はそれぞれR5、R6と同様である。
式(12)で表される化合物としては、例えば、アルキルビニルエーテル(例えば、エチルビニルエーテル、ブチルビニルエーテル、イソブチルビニルエーテル、t-ブチルビニルエーテル、2-エチルヘキシルビニルエーテル)、シクロアルキルビニルエーテル(例えば、シクロへキシルビニルエーテル)等のビニルエーテル類;エチル-1-プロペニルエーテル等の1-プロペニルエーテル類;エチル-1-ブテニルエーテル等の1-ブテニルエーテル類;等が挙げられる。これらのなかでは、ビニルエーテル類、1-プロペニルエーテル類が好ましい。
式(13)中、R17における炭素数1~9のアルキレン基は、炭素数が9以下である以外は、R7と同様である。
式(13)で表される化合物としては、例えば、2,3-ジヒドロフラン、5-メチル-2,3-ジヒドロフラン等のジヒドロフラン類;3,4-ジヒドロ-2H-ピラン、5,6-ジヒドロ-4-メトキシ-2H-ピラン等のジヒドロピラン類;等が挙げられる。
式(14)中、R18は、R8と同様である。R19は、炭素数が9以下である以外は、R9と同様である。
式(14)で表される化合物としては、例えば、1-メトキシ-1-シクロペンテン、1-メトキシ-1-シクロヘキセン、1-メトキシ-1-シクロヘプテン、1-エトキシ-1-シクロペンテン、1-エトキシ-1-シクロヘキセン、1-ブトキシ-1-シクロペンテン、1-ブトキシ-1-シクロヘキセン等の1-アルコキシ-1-シクロアルキレン類;1-エトキシ-3-メチル-1-シクロヘキセン等の置換基含有1-アルコキシ-1-シクロアルキレン類;等が挙げられる。
上記効果を奏する理由としては、以下のことが考えられる。
一般に、加水分解反応は、特にトリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基のように加水分解反応点付近の立体障害が大きい場合、最初の加水分解が開始されるまでが律速となる。
化合物(MM)を重合した重合体は、重合体の主鎖を構成する構成単位として単量体(M)単位を含まないか、又は重合体の主鎖を構成する構成単位のうちの単量体(M)単位の割合が少なくても、化合物(MM)単位の側鎖部分に2以上の単量体(M)単位が存在する。そのため、塗膜中で局所的に加水分解反応点の密度が高くなり、これによって最初の加水分解が促進され、初期の溶解性が向上すると考えられる。
重合体の主鎖を構成する構成単位として単量体(M)単位を含まないか、又は重合体の主鎖を構成する構成単位のうちの単量体(M)単位の割合が少なければ、塗膜の耐クラック性が向上する。
化合物(MM)の用途は防汚塗料組成物に限定されるものではなく、他の用途、例えば防曇塗料組成物等に用いることができる。
本発明の一態様に係る重合体(以下、「重合体(A)」とも記す。)は、前記した化合物(MM)に基づく構成単位(以下、「化合物(MM)単位」とも記す。)を含む重合体である。
重合体(A)は、化合物(MM)単位に加えて、単量体(a)単位をさらに含んでいてもよい。
重合体(A)は、化合物(MM)単位に加えて、又は化合物(MM)単位及び単量体(a)単位に加えて、単量体(M)単位をさらに含んでいてもよい。
ここでの単量体(M)単位は、化合物(MM)単位に含まれる単量体(M)単位以外の単量体(M)単位である。単量体(M)単位の割合が上記上限値以下であれば、重合体(A)を含む塗膜の耐クラック性がより優れる。
「(メタ)アクリル系重合体」は、重合体を構成する構成単位の少なくとも一部が(メタ)アクリル系単量体に基づく構成単位(以下、「(メタ)アクリル系単量体単位」とも記す。)である重合体を意味する。(メタ)アクリル系重合体は、(メタ)アクリル系単量体以外の単量体(例えばスチレン等のビニル系単量体)に基づく構成単位をさらに含んでいてもよい。
重合体(A)が化合物(MM)単位のみからなる場合、化合物(MM)単位の少なくとも一部は(メタ)アクリル系単量体単位であることが好ましい。重合体(A)が化合物(MM)単位と単量体(a)単位とからなる場合、化合物(MM)単位及び単量体(a)単位の少なくとも一部が(メタ)アクリル系単量体であることが好ましい。重合体(A)が化合物(MM)単位と単量体(a)単位と単量体(M)単位とからなる場合、化合物(MM)単位、単量体(a)単位及び単量体(M)単位の少なくとも一部が(メタ)アクリル系単量体であることが好ましい。
重合体(A)を構成する全ての構成単位の合計に対する(メタ)アクリル系単量体単位の割合は、70質量%以上が好ましく、80質量%以上がより好ましく、90質量%以上がさらに好ましく、100質量%であることが特に好ましい。すなわち、重合体(A)を構成する構成単位が全て(メタ)アクリル系単量体単位であることが特に好ましい。
重合体(A)の分子量分散度は、1.0以上4.0以下が好ましく、1.0以上3.5以下がより好ましく、1.0以上3.0以下がさらに好ましい。
重合体(A)の製造方法としては、例えば、化合物(MM)を含む単量体混合物を重合する方法が挙げられる。
単量体混合物は、単量体(a)をさらに含んでいてもよい。
単量体混合物は、単量体(M)をさらに含んでいてもよい。
重合は、公知の重合開始剤を用いて、公知の方法で行えばよい。例えば、単量体混合物をラジカル重合開始剤の存在下に60~180℃(さらには60~120℃)の反応温度で4~14時間(さらには5~10時間)反応させる方法が挙げられる。重合の際、必要に応じて、連鎖移動剤を用いてもよい。
重合開始剤の含有量は、特に限定されず、適宜設定することができる。典型的には、重合性単量体100質量部に対して0.1~20質量部程度である。
連鎖移動剤の含有量は、特に限定されず、適宜設定することができる。典型的には、重合性単量体100質量部に対して0.0001~10質量部程度である。
特に、重合体(A)を構成する全ての構成単位の合計に対する単量体(M)単位の割合が、30質量%以下であれば、塗膜の耐クラック性にも優れる。
本発明の一態様に係る防汚塗料組成物(以下、「防汚塗料組成物(1)」とも記す。)は、前記した重合体(A)を含む。
防汚塗料組成物(1)は、有機溶剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。
防汚塗料組成物(1)は、防汚剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。
防汚塗料組成物(1)は、他の成分をさらに含んでいてもよい。
有機溶剤としては、例えばメチルアルコール、エチルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール等の一価アルコール系溶剤;エチレングリコール、1,2-プロピレングリコール等の多価アルコール系溶剤;アセトン、メチルエチルケトン、アセチルアセトン、メチルイソブチルケトン等のケトン系溶剤;メチルエチルエーテル、ジオキサン等のエーテル系溶剤;エチレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノエチルエーテル、プロピレングリコールモノn-プロピルエーテル、エチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、ジエチレングリコールジメチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノプロピルエーテル等のグリコールエーテル系溶剤;エチレングリコールモノアセテート、エチレングリコールジアセテート、エチレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート、プロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテルアセテート等のグリコールアセテート系溶剤;酢酸n-ブチル、エチル3-エトキシプロピオネート等の他のエステル系溶剤;n-ペンタン、n-ヘキサン等の脂肪族系炭化水素系溶剤;トルエン、キシレン、ソルベントナフサ等の芳香族系炭化水素系溶剤;等が挙げられる。これらの有機溶剤は1種を単独で用いてもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。
有機溶剤としては、重合体(A)を溶解可能なものが好ましい。
有機溶剤の含有量は、防汚塗料組成物の固形分に応じて設定される。
防汚剤としては、無機防汚剤、有機防汚剤等が挙げられ、要求性能に応じて1種又は2種以上を適宜選択して使用することができる。
防汚剤としては、例えば、亜酸化銅、チオシアン銅、銅粉末等の銅系防汚剤、他の金属(鉛、亜鉛、ニッケル等)の化合物、ジフェニルアミン等のアミン誘導体、ニトリル化合物、ベンゾチアゾール系化合物、マレイミド系化合物、ピリジン系化合物等が挙げられる。これらの防汚剤は1種を単独で用いてもよく2種以上を併用してもよい。
防汚剤が亜酸化銅及び銅ピリチオンを含む場合、それらの質量比は、亜酸化銅/銅ピリチオン=80/20~99/1が好ましく、90/10~99/1がより好ましい。
防汚塗料組成物(1)は、重合体(A)以外の他の重合体を含んでいてもよい。
他の重合体としては、例えば重合体(A)以外の他の熱可塑性樹脂(熱可塑性重合体)等が挙げられる。
防汚塗料組成物(1)は、他の熱可塑性樹脂を含むことが好ましい。防汚塗料組成物(1)が他の熱可塑性樹脂を含むと、耐クラック性や耐水性等の塗膜物性が向上する。
可塑剤として機能し、塗膜の耐クラック性や耐剥離性の向上効果が得られる点では、塩素化パラフィンが好ましい。
沈降防止剤やたれ防止剤として機能し、防汚塗料組成物の貯蔵安定性や顔料分散性の向上効果が得られる点では、半合成ワックス、合成ワックス等の有機系ワックスが好ましく、ポリエチレンワックス、酸化ポリエチレンワックス、ポリアマイドワックスがより好ましい。
アルケニル化合物としては、貯蔵安定性の向上効果がより優れる点で、ブチルビニルエーテル、イソブチルビニルエーテル等のビニルエーテル類が好ましい。
顔料としては、酸化亜鉛、タルク、シリカ、硫酸バリウム、カリ長石、水酸化アルミニウム、炭酸マグネシウム、マイカ、カーボンブラック、弁柄、酸化チタン、フタロシアニンブルー、カオリン、石膏等が挙げられる。特に、酸化亜鉛やタルクが好ましい。
脱水剤としては、シリケート系、イソシアネート系、オルソエステル系、無機系等が挙げられる。より具体的には、オルトギ酸メチル、オルトギ酸エチル、オルト酢酸メチル、オルトホウ素エステル、オルト珪酸テトラエチル、無水石膏、焼石膏、合成ゼオライト(モレキュラーシーブ)等が挙げられる。特に、モレキュラーシーブが好ましい。防汚塗料組成物に脱水剤を含有させることによって水分を補足し、貯蔵安定性を向上させることができる。
熱可塑性樹脂以外の沈降防止剤やたれ防止剤としては、ベントナイト系、微粉シリカ系、ステアレート塩、レシチン塩、アルキルスルホン酸塩等が挙げられる。
熱可塑性樹脂以外の可塑剤としては、例えば、ジオクチルフタレート、ジメチルフタレート、ジシクロヘキシルフタレート、ジイソデシルフタレート等のフタル酸エステル系可塑剤;アジピン酸イソブチル、セバシン酸ジブチル等の脂肪族二塩基酸エステル系可塑剤;ジエチレングリコールジベンゾエート、ペンタエリスリトールアルキルエステル等のグリコールエステル系可塑剤;トリクレジルホスフェート(TCP)、トリアリールホスフェート、トリクロロエチルホスフェート等のリン酸エステル系可塑剤;エポキシ大豆油、エポキシステアリン酸オクチル等のエポキシ系可塑剤;ジオクチルすずラウリレート、ジブチルすずラウリレート等の有機すず系可塑剤;トリメリット酸トリオクチル、トリアセチレン等が挙げられる。防汚塗料組成物に可塑剤を含有させることによって塗膜の耐クラック性や耐剥離性を高めることができる。可塑剤としては、上記の中でも、TCPが好ましい。
防汚塗料組成物(1)の水分含有量は、15質量%以下が好ましく、10質量%以下がより好ましい。下限は特に限定されず、0質量%であってもよい。水分含有量は、防汚塗料組成物(1)の総質量に対する水の割合である。水分含有量が前記上限値以下であれば、防汚塗料組成物(1)から形成される塗膜の耐水性、乾燥性がより優れる。
防汚塗料組成物の25℃におけるB型粘度の下限は特に限定されないが、塗装時の塗料タレ抑制の点では、100mPa・s以上が好ましく、200mPa・s以上がより好ましく、300mPa・s以上がさらに好ましく、1,000mPa・s以上が特に好ましい。
防汚塗料組成物(1)を用いた塗膜は、基材表面に、直接に、又は下地塗膜を介して形成できる。下地塗膜は、ウオッシュプライマー、塩化ゴム系やエポキシ系等のプライマー、中塗り塗料等を用いて形成できる。
塗膜の形成は、公知の方法により行うことができる。例えば、基材表面又は基材上の下地塗膜の上に、防汚塗料組成物(1)を、刷毛塗り、吹き付け塗り、ローラー塗り、沈漬塗り等の手段で塗布し、乾燥することにより塗膜を形成できる。
防汚塗料組成物(1)の塗布量は、一般的には乾燥塗膜として10~400μmの厚さになる量に設定できる。
塗膜の乾燥は、通常、室温で行うことができ、必要に応じて加熱乾燥を行ってもよい。
本発明の他の一態様に係る防汚塗料組成物(以下、「防汚塗料組成物(2)」とも記す。)は、前記した化合物(MM)を含む。
防汚塗料組成物(2)は、単量体(a)をさらに含んでいてもよい。
防汚塗料組成物(2)は、単量体(M)をさらに含んでいてもよい。
防汚塗料組成物(2)は、ラジカル重合開始剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。
防汚塗料組成物(2)は、有機溶剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。
防汚塗料組成物(2)は、防汚剤をさらに含んでいてもよい。
防汚塗料組成物(2)は、他の成分をさらに含んでいてもよい。
防汚塗料組成物の25℃におけるB型粘度の下限は特に限定されないが、塗装時の塗料タレ抑制の点では、100mPa・s以上が好ましく、200mPa・s以上がより好ましく、300mPa・s以上がさらに好ましく、1,000mPa・s以上が特に好ましい。
防汚塗料組成物(2)を用いた塗膜は、基材表面に、直接に、又は下地塗膜を介して形成できる。下地塗膜は、ウオッシュプライマー、塩化ゴム系やエポキシ系等のプライマー、中塗り塗料等を用いて形成できる。
塗膜の形成は、公知の方法により行うことができる。例えば、基材表面又は基材上の下地塗膜の上に、防汚塗料組成物(2)を、刷毛塗り、吹き付け塗り、ローラー塗り、沈漬塗り等の手段で塗布し、乾燥することにより塗膜を形成できる。
防汚塗料組成物の塗布量は、一般的には乾燥塗膜として10~400μmの厚さになる量に設定できる。
塗膜の乾燥は、通常、室温で行うことができ、必要に応じて加熱乾燥を行ってもよい。
実施例中の評価は、以下に示す方法で行った。
測定試料(マクロモノマーの溶液重合品又は重合体含有組成物)0.50gをアルミニウム製の皿に測りとり(測定質量(g))、トルエン3mLをスポイトで加えて皿の底に一様に広げ、70~80℃の水浴上で測定試料を加熱溶解させ、蒸発乾固させた。その後、105℃の熱風乾燥機で2時間の乾燥を行った。測定試料の質量(測定質量(g))と、乾燥後の質量(乾燥後質量(g))とから、以下の式により固形分(加熱残分)を求めた。
固形分(質量%)=乾燥後質量(g)/測定質量(g)×100
マクロモノマー又は重合体のガラス転移温度(Tg)は、下記式より算出される絶対温度(K)を摂氏(℃)に換算した値である。
1/Tg=Σ(wi/Tgi)
上記式において、wiは、マクロモノマー又は重合体を構成する単量体iの質量分率を示し、Tgiは、マクロモノマー又は重合体を構成する単量体iのホモポリマーのガラス転移温度を示す。
上記式中のTg及びTgiは、絶対温度(K)で表した値である。また、Tgiは、「ポリマーハンドブック第4版(POLYMER HANDBOOK FOURTH EDITION)」に記載されている値である。
試料(マクロモノマーの溶液重合品又は重合体含有組成物)約2.5mmolをビーカーに精秤し(A(g))、極微量のフェノールフタレインと水1mL、トルエン/95%エタノール溶液=50/50混合溶液50mLを加えた。密閉容器で5分間撹拌させた後、キシダ化学製の20℃でのファクター(f)が1.003である0.5mol/L水酸化カリウム溶液(エタノール溶液)で中和滴定を行い、指示薬のうすい紅色が60分間続いたときを終点とした。(滴定量=B(mL)、KOH溶液の力価=f)。以下の式に従って固形酸価を算出した。
固形酸価(mgKOH/g)={B×0.5×56.11×f}/(A×樹脂固形分)
マクロモノマー又は重合体の重量平均分子量(Mw)及び数平均分子量(Mn)は、ゲル透過クロマトグラフィー(GPC)(東ソー(株)製、HLC-8220)を用いて測定した。カラムはTSKgelα-M(東ソー(株)製、7.8mm×30cm)、TSKguardcolumnα(東ソー(株)製、6.0mm×4cm)を使用した。検量線は、F288/F1/28/F80/F40/F20/F2/A1000(東ソー(株)製、標準ポリスチレン)、及びスチレン単量体を使用して作成した。
乾燥したガードナー気泡粘度管(以下、単に「粘度管」ともいう。)に試料を粘度管の指示線まで入れコルク栓で栓をした。試料を採取した粘度管を、規定の温度(25.0±0.1℃)に調節した恒温水槽中に少なくとも2時間垂直に浸漬して試料を恒温にし、基準管となる粘度管と試料を入れた粘度管を同時に180°回転させ、試料のアワ上昇速度を基準管と比較することで粘度(ガードナー粘度)を決定した。
重合体含有組成物の25℃にてガードナー気泡粘度計により測定される粘度(以下、「ガードナー粘度」ともいう。)は、Z以下であり、W以下が好ましく、V以下がより好ましい。
重合体含有組成物の粘度(B型粘度又はガードナー粘度)が前記上限値以下であれば、重合体含有組成物に希釈のための有機溶剤をさらに加えなくても、防汚剤等を配合したり塗装したりすることができ、VOC含有量の少ない塗料組成物が得られる。
重合体含有組成物は、固形分が少なくとも45質量%での粘度が上記の好ましい上限値以下であることが好ましい。
樹脂組成物の粘度の下限は特に限定されない。塗装時の塗料タレ抑制の点では、25℃でのガードナー粘度がB以上であることが好ましい。
防汚塗料組成物を、予め防錆塗料を塗布してあるサンドブラスト鋼板に、乾燥膜厚が200~300μmになるように刷毛で塗布し、乾燥して塗膜を形成し、試験板を得た。この試験板を、三河湾内で6ヶ月間静置した後、塗膜の全面積に対する海中生物が付着した面積の割合(海中生物の付着面積)を調べ、以下の基準で静置防汚性を評価した。
◎:海水生物の付着面積が10%以下。
○:海水生物の付着面積が10%超20%以下。
△:海水生物の付着面積が20%超40%以下。
×:海水生物の付着面積が40%超。
防汚塗料組成物を、50mm×50mm×2mmの硬質塩化ビニル板に、乾燥膜厚120μmになるようにアプリケーターで塗布し、乾燥して塗膜を形成し、試験板を得た。この試験板を、海水中に設置した回転ドラムに取り付け、周速7.7m/s(15ノット)で回転させた。その状態を3カ月間維持し、3カ月後の塗膜の膜厚(μm)を測定し、1ヵ月あたりの消耗膜厚を消耗度(μm/M)とした。
防汚塗料組成物を、50mm×50mm×2mmの硬質塩化ビニル板に、乾燥膜厚120μmになるようにアプリケーターで塗布し、乾燥して塗膜を形成し、試験板を得た。この試験板を、海水中に設置した回転ドラムに取り付け、周速7.7m/s(15ノット)で回転させた。その状態を3カ月間維持し、3カ月後の塗膜表面を観察し、以下の基準で耐クラック性を評価した。
◎:クラック及び剥離が全く観察されない。
○:クラックが部分的に観察される。
△:一部にクラック、剥離が観察される。
×:クラック、剥離が全面に観察される。
TIPSMA:トリイソプロピルシリルメタクリレート。
TIPX:トリイソプロピルシリルアクリレート。
MMA:メチルメタクリレート。
EA:エチルアクリレート。
BA:n-ブチルアクリレート。
MA:メチルアクリレート。
FM-0711:商品名「サイラプレーンFM-0711」、JNC(株)製ポリシロキサンブロック含有重合性単量体)。
MTMA:2-メトキシエチルメタクリレート。
MTA:2-メトキシエチルアクリレート。
HEA:2-ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート。
ルペロックス575:t-アミルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(商品名、アルケマ吉富(株)製「ルペロックス(登録商標)575」)。
パーオクタO:1,1,3,3-テトラメチルブチルパーオキシ2-エチルヘキサノエート(日油(株)製「パーオクタO(登録商標)」)。
パーブチルO:t-ブチルパーオキシ-2-エチルヘキサノエート(日油(株)製「パーブチルO(登録商標)」)。
AIBN:2,2’-アゾビスイソブチロニトリル。
AMBN:2,2’-アゾビス(2-メチルブチロニトリル)。
添加剤(1):塩素化パラフィン(東ソー(株)製「トヨパラックス(登録商標)150」)。
添加剤(2):酸化ポリエチレンワックス(楠本化成(株)製「ディスパロン(登録商標)4200-20」)。
50%ロジン:ロジン(荒川化学工業(株)製「中国ロジン(登録商標)」)の50w%キシレン希釈品。
撹拌装置を備えた合成装置中に、窒素雰囲気下で、酢酸コバルト(II)四水和物の1.00g及びジフェニルグリオキシムの1.93g、あらかじめ窒素バブリングにより脱酸素したジエチルエーテルの80mLを入れ、室温で30分間攪拌した。ついで、三フッ化ホウ素ジエチルエーテル錯体の10mLを加え、さらに6時間攪拌した。混合物をろ過し、固体をジエチルエーテルで洗浄し、15時間真空乾燥して、赤褐色固体である連鎖移動剤1(bis[(difluoroboryl)diphenylglyoximato]cobalt(II))を2.12g得た。
(製造例1)
撹拌機、冷却管、温度計を備えた重合装置中に、キシレンの50部とMMAの10部、TIPSMAの10部、連鎖移動剤1の0.0105部を入れて撹拌し、窒素雰囲気下で90℃まで昇温した。次に、この溶液へTIPSMAの40部、MMAの40部、HEAの0.1部、ルペロックス575の0.94部、パーオクタOの0.94部、AIBNの0.94部、AMBNの1.94部をからなる混合物を3時間かけて等速滴下した。さらに1時間90℃で加熱撹拌した。滴下終了30分後、キシレンの16.6部とパーオクタOの0.94部を30分間かけて等速滴下し、90℃で90分間保持した。その後、反応液を40℃に冷却して、化合物(MM1)の溶液を得た。
単量体、開始剤及び連鎖移動剤の仕込み量(部)を表1に示すようにしたこと以外は製造例1と同様にして、化合物(MM2、MM3)の溶液を得た。
撹拌機、冷却管、温度計を備えた重合装置中に、脱イオン水145部、硫酸ナトリウム0.1部及び分散剤1(固形分10質量%)0.25部を入れて撹拌し、均一な水溶液とした。次に、MMAを100部、連鎖移動剤1を0.0035部及びパーオクタO0.5部を加え、水性懸濁液とした。
次に、重合装置内を窒素置換し、80℃に昇温して1時間反応し、さらに重合率を上げるため、90℃に昇温して1時間保持した。その後、反応液を40℃に冷却して、ポリマーを含む水性懸濁液を得た。この水性懸濁液を目開き45μmのナイロン製濾過布で濾過し、濾過物を脱イオン水で洗浄し、脱水し、40℃で16時間乾燥することにより、マクロモノマー(MM4)を得た。
(製造例5)
撹拌機、温度調整機、滴下ロートを備えた反応容器に、キシレンの48.3部を仕込み、窒素雰囲気下で、撹拌しながら90℃に昇温した。続いて、滴下ロートから、製造例1で得たMM1の溶液を固形分換算で26部、MMAの7部、MTMAの15部、EAの52部、AIBNの0.6部からなる混合物を3時間かけて等速滴下した。滴下終了30分間後、キシレンの9部と酢酸ブチルの2.1部、パーブチルOの混合物を30分間かけて等速滴下し、90℃で90分間保持した。その後、反応液を40℃に冷却して、溶液状の重合体含有組成物A-1を得た。
単量体及び開始剤のAIBNの仕込み量(部)を表2~4に示すようにしたこと以外は製造例4と同様にして、溶液状の重合体含有組成物A-2~A-17を製造した。
表2~4に、得られた重合体含有組成物(A-1~A-17)の固形分、各重合体含有組成物に含まれる重合体のTg、固形酸価、Mw、及びMnを示す。
表5~7に示す組成に従い、各材料を金属缶に仕込んだ後、ガラスビーズ70gを添加し、撹拌棒にて混合し、さらにロッキングシェーカーにより分散させることで、防汚塗料組成物を得た。
表5~7中、組成の欄に記載される数値は、配合量(部)を示す。重合体含有組成物の配合量は、重合体含有組成物全体の量である。
表5~7に、得られた防汚塗料組成物の理論固形分、評価結果(静置防汚性、塗膜消耗度、耐クラック性)を示す。理論固形分は、防汚塗料組成物に配合された各材料の固形分から算出された値である。
一方、単量体M単位を含まないマクロモノマーを用いた比較例1の防汚塗料組成物の塗膜は、静置防汚性に劣っていた。また、消耗度が小さかった。
マクロモノマーを用いなかった比較例2の防汚塗料組成物組成物の塗膜は、静置防汚性に劣っていた。
Claims (19)
- 加水分解性を有する構成単位を2以上含み、
末端にラジカル重合性基を有し、
重量平均分子量が10000以下であり、
固形酸価が、10mgKOH/g以上である化合物を共重合して得られる、重合体であって、
前記固形酸価は、トルエン/エタノール/水=49.5/47/3.5の混合液中に化合物を溶解させ撹拌後、KOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール溶液にて滴定し、KOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール滴定後の溶液の指示薬のうすい紅色が60分間続くまで使用したKOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール溶液の量から算出される、重合体。 - 前記重合体全体の質量に対する前記化合物に基づく構成単位の割合が5質量%以上である、請求項1に記載の重合体。
- 単量体(M)に基づく構成単位を2以上含み、
末端にラジカル重合性基を有し、
前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位が、シリコン原子含有基を含み、
前記化合物全体の質量に対する前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位の割合が、5質量%以上である化合物。 - 前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位が、トリオルガノシリルオキシカルボニル基を含む、請求項3に記載の化合物。
- 重量平均分子量が、2000以上1000000以下である、請求項3~5のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 前記化合物全体の質量に対する前記単量体(M)に基づく構成単位の割合が、5質量%以上100質量%以下である、請求項3~6のいずれか1項に記載の化合物。
- 前記末端基が、水素原子、又はラジカル重合開始剤に由来する基である、請求項8に記載の化合物。
- 請求項3~9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物に基づく構成単位を含む、重合体。
- 前記重合体を構成する全ての構成単位の合計に対する前記化合物に基づく構成単位の割合が、60質量%以下である、請求項10に記載の重合体。
- 前記重合体に対してトルエン/エタノール/水=49.5/47/3.5の混合液中に化合物を溶解させ撹拌後、KOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール溶液にて滴定し、KOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール滴定後の溶液の指示薬のうすい紅色が60分間続くまで使用したKOHの0.5mol/Lエタノール溶液の量から算出された固形酸価が、20mgKOH/g以上120mgKOH/g以下である、請求項10又は11に記載の重合体。
- (メタ)アクリル系重合体である、請求項10~12のいずれか1項に記載の重合体。
- 請求項3~9のいずれか1項に記載の化合物を含む、防汚塗料組成物。
- 請求項1、2、及び10~13のいずれか1項に記載の重合体を含む、防汚塗料組成物。
- さらに防汚剤を含む、請求項14又は15に記載の防汚塗料組成物。
- 前記防汚剤が、亜酸化銅、メデトミジン、銅ピリチオン、4-ブロモ-2-(4-クロロフェニル)-5-(トリフルオロメチル)-1H-ピロール-3-カルボニトリルである請求項16に記載の防汚塗料組成物。
- 請求項14~16のいずれか1項に記載の防汚塗料組成物から形成される、防汚塗膜。
- ラジカル重合性単量体(M)に基づく構成単位2以上を含み、
末端にラジカル重合性基を有し、
前記ラジカル重合性単量体(M)に基づく構成単位が、シリコン原子含有基を含み、
前記ラジカル重合性単量体が5質量%以上である化合物と、
エチレン性不飽和基を有する単量体(ただし前記化合物は除く。)とを重合する、
(メタ)アクリル系共重合体の製造方法。
Priority Applications (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
KR1020237025246A KR20230161937A (ko) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-28 | 화합물, 중합체 및 방오 도료 조성물 |
CN202280008378.9A CN116635488A (zh) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-28 | 化合物、聚合物和防污涂料组合物 |
JP2023511268A JPWO2022210547A1 (ja) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-28 |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP2021-061682 | 2021-03-31 | ||
JP2021061682 | 2021-03-31 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2022210547A1 true WO2022210547A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
Family
ID=83456319
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/JP2022/015030 WO2022210547A1 (ja) | 2021-03-31 | 2022-03-28 | 化合物、重合体及び防汚塗料組成物 |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JPWO2022210547A1 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR20230161937A (ja) |
CN (1) | CN116635488A (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2022210547A1 (ja) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008108167A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-12 | Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co., Ltd. | 共重合体およびその使用 |
JP2012005934A (ja) * | 2010-06-23 | 2012-01-12 | Nippon Paint Marine Kk | 防汚塗膜の形成方法 |
WO2017051922A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | (メタ)アクリル系共重合体、重合体溶液、重合体含有組成物、防汚塗料組成物及び(メタ)アクリル系共重合体の製造方法 |
WO2018181668A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | (メタ)アクリル系共重合体、その製造方法、樹脂組成物及び防汚塗料組成物 |
Family Cites Families (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
JP3474673B2 (ja) | 1995-03-30 | 2003-12-08 | 日本油脂Basfコーティングス株式会社 | 塗料組成物 |
JP6954649B2 (ja) | 2016-11-17 | 2021-10-27 | 日東化成株式会社 | 防汚塗料組成物、該組成物を用いて形成される防汚塗膜を表面に有する塗装物 |
ES2928802T3 (es) | 2018-04-20 | 2022-11-22 | Nitto Kasei Co Ltd | Composición de recubrimiento antiincrustante |
-
2022
- 2022-03-28 WO PCT/JP2022/015030 patent/WO2022210547A1/ja active Application Filing
- 2022-03-28 CN CN202280008378.9A patent/CN116635488A/zh active Pending
- 2022-03-28 KR KR1020237025246A patent/KR20230161937A/ko active Search and Examination
- 2022-03-28 JP JP2023511268A patent/JPWO2022210547A1/ja active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2008108167A1 (ja) * | 2007-03-06 | 2008-09-12 | Dainichiseika Color & Chemicals Mfg. Co., Ltd. | 共重合体およびその使用 |
JP2012005934A (ja) * | 2010-06-23 | 2012-01-12 | Nippon Paint Marine Kk | 防汚塗膜の形成方法 |
WO2017051922A1 (ja) * | 2015-09-25 | 2017-03-30 | 三菱レイヨン株式会社 | (メタ)アクリル系共重合体、重合体溶液、重合体含有組成物、防汚塗料組成物及び(メタ)アクリル系共重合体の製造方法 |
WO2018181668A1 (ja) * | 2017-03-29 | 2018-10-04 | 三菱ケミカル株式会社 | (メタ)アクリル系共重合体、その製造方法、樹脂組成物及び防汚塗料組成物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
KR20230161937A (ko) | 2023-11-28 |
CN116635488A (zh) | 2023-08-22 |
JPWO2022210547A1 (ja) | 2022-10-06 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
JP7001117B2 (ja) | 重合体含有組成物、防汚塗料組成物及び重合体含有組成物の製造方法 | |
JP7327605B2 (ja) | (メタ)アクリル系共重合体、その製造方法、樹脂組成物及び防汚塗料組成物 | |
JP7056648B2 (ja) | 樹脂組成物、その製造方法及び防汚塗料組成物 | |
JP6760061B2 (ja) | 防汚塗料組成物 | |
WO2017065172A1 (ja) | (メタ)アクリル系共重合体、樹脂組成物、防汚塗料組成物及び(メタ)アクリル系共重合体の製造方法 | |
JP6809231B2 (ja) | 重合体含有組成物および防汚塗料組成物 | |
JP6866603B2 (ja) | 樹脂組成物、防汚塗料組成物および樹脂組成物の製造方法 | |
WO2022210547A1 (ja) | 化合物、重合体及び防汚塗料組成物 | |
JP6922349B2 (ja) | 防汚塗料組成物および防汚塗料組成物の製造方法 | |
WO2022210521A1 (ja) | 化合物、重合体及び防汚塗料組成物 | |
JPWO2019230675A1 (ja) | 防汚塗料組成物 |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
121 | Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application |
Ref document number: 22780758 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |
|
ENP | Entry into the national phase |
Ref document number: 2023511268 Country of ref document: JP Kind code of ref document: A |
|
WWE | Wipo information: entry into national phase |
Ref document number: 202280008378.9 Country of ref document: CN |
|
NENP | Non-entry into the national phase |
Ref country code: DE |
|
122 | Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase |
Ref document number: 22780758 Country of ref document: EP Kind code of ref document: A1 |