WO2022205655A1 - 金属3d打印装置及金属3d打印方法 - Google Patents
金属3d打印装置及金属3d打印方法 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022205655A1 WO2022205655A1 PCT/CN2021/104373 CN2021104373W WO2022205655A1 WO 2022205655 A1 WO2022205655 A1 WO 2022205655A1 CN 2021104373 W CN2021104373 W CN 2021104373W WO 2022205655 A1 WO2022205655 A1 WO 2022205655A1
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- powder
- spreading arm
- powder spreading
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- arm
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 398
- 238000003892 spreading Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 237
- 230000007480 spreading Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 236
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 107
- 238000010146 3D printing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000003749 cleanliness Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007648 laser printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/60—Planarisation devices; Compression devices
- B22F12/67—Blades
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
- B22F10/28—Powder bed fusion, e.g. selective laser melting [SLM] or electron beam melting [EBM]
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
- B22F10/30—Process control
- B22F10/36—Process control of energy beam parameters
- B22F10/366—Scanning parameters, e.g. hatch distance or scanning strategy
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/40—Radiation means
- B22F12/49—Scanners
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/50—Means for feeding of material, e.g. heads
- B22F12/55—Two or more means for feeding material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/70—Gas flow means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
- B22F12/90—Means for process control, e.g. cameras or sensors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
- B23K26/142—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor for the removal of by-products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2998/00—Supplementary information concerning processes or compositions relating to powder metallurgy
- B22F2998/10—Processes characterised by the sequence of their steps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Definitions
- the present application relates to a metal 3D printing device and a metal 3D printing method.
- the method of laying powder-printing-dropping-powder is mostly used for layer-by-layer cyclic printing.
- the laser scanning solidifies the powder in the desired position, and then the platform descends a layer of powder to make the powder-spreading arm spread another layer of powder, repeating the above process until the printing is formed.
- powder coating and laser printing cannot be performed at the same time, and each time it is necessary to wait for the powder coating to be completed before printing, which leads to the problem of low printing efficiency, especially in large-sized metal 3D printing.
- An embodiment of the present application provides a metal 3D printing device, including a forming table, a first powder spreading arm, a second powder spreading arm, a wind field mechanism, and a scanning mechanism.
- the forming table is used to carry the powder and print the formed parts.
- the first powder spreading arm is placed above the forming table.
- the second powder spreading arm is spaced apart from the first powder spreading arm, and the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm can move parallel to the forming table to spread powder to the forming table respectively.
- the wind field mechanism includes a blowing port and an air collecting port, the blowing port is arranged on the first powder spreading arm and blows air to the forming table, and the air collecting port is arranged on the second powder spreading arm and sucks air.
- the scanning mechanism is placed above the forming table, and is used for emitting laser light to the powder between the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm, so as to solidify the powder to form a product.
- the scanning mechanism emits laser light
- the second powder spreading arm moves with the first powder spreading arm, so that the wind field mechanism absorbs the smoke and dust formed by the solidification of the powder
- the forming table descends the distance of one layer of the powder
- the second powder spreading arm moves in the reverse direction to spread the powder
- the scanning mechanism emits laser light
- all the first powder spreading arm moves with the second powder spreading arm, so that the wind field mechanism absorbs the smoke and dust, and prevents the smoke and dust from interfering with the laser light path.
- the above-mentioned metal 3D printing device emits laser light through the scanning mechanism while spreading powder through the first powder spreading arm, so as to realize printing at the same time as powder spreading, and then moves with the first powder spreading arm through the second powder spreading arm so that the wind field mechanism absorbs the powder
- the smoke and dust formed by curing achieve the purpose of improving the molding quality.
- the scanning mechanism emits laser light at the same time, and the first powder spreading arm moves with the second powder spreading arm so that the wind farm mechanism continues The smoke and dust are absorbed to achieve the purpose of continuous powder coating and continuous printing, thereby improving the printing efficiency.
- the metal 3D printing device further includes a powder spreading driver, and the powder spreading driver is respectively connected to the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm, and is used for driving the first powder spreading
- the arm and the second powder spreading arm move back and forth along the powder spreading direction, and the distance between the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm can be adjusted during the printing process to adjust according to the size of the workpiece.
- the shape adjusts the print span of the laser.
- the scanning mechanism includes a scanning driver and a plurality of galvanometer units, the plurality of galvanometer units are arranged along a direction perpendicular to the powder spreading direction, and the scanning driver is used to drive the plurality of the galvanometer units Moving along the powder spreading direction, each of the galvanometer units is used for emitting laser light to solidify the powder in the corresponding lower area.
- the metal 3D printing device is provided with a molding cavity
- the galvanometer unit is located in the molding cavity
- the scanning mechanism further includes a protective mirror and a blowing part, and the protective mirror is used to seal the galvanometer.
- the mirror unit is used for blowing air around the protective mirror to form an air curtain, so as to improve the cleanliness of the galvanometer unit in the molding cavity.
- the metal 3D printing device further includes a powder supply mechanism, the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm are respectively provided with powder lowering mechanisms, and the powder supply mechanism is used to supply the powder to the The powder is provided by a powder-removing mechanism, and the powder-removing mechanism is used to control the falling of the powder and the amount of the powder.
- the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm are respectively provided with scrapers, the scrapers extend perpendicular to the powder spreading direction and are disposed toward the forming table, and the scrapers are used for scraping Remove the powder above the preset layer thickness.
- the metal 3D printing device further includes a constant temperature mechanism and an auxiliary purification mechanism, the constant temperature mechanism is used to improve the temperature constant of each device in the molding cavity, and the auxiliary purification mechanism is used to absorb the overflow to the soot in the forming cavity.
- the metal 3D printing device further includes a powder suction mechanism
- the powder suction mechanism includes a powder suction driver and a powder suction pipe
- the powder suction driver is used to drive the powder suction pipe to move
- the powder suction pipe The powder tube is used to clean the unsolidified excess powder on the forming table after the printing is completed.
- the metal 3D printing device includes a plurality of sets of the first powder coating arm, the second powder coating arm, the wind field mechanism and the scanning mechanism, so as to respectively print the shape of the forming table. multiple regions.
- An embodiment of the present application also provides a metal 3D printing method, including:
- the first powder spreading arm moves and spreads powder to the forming table, and the second powder spreading arm moves behind the first powder spreading arm;
- the scanning mechanism emits laser light to the powder between the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm, so as to solidify the powder at the preset position;
- the wind field mechanism forms a wind field between the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm to absorb the smoke and dust formed by the solidification of the powder;
- the forming table is lowered by a distance of the powder by one layer
- the second powder spreading arm moves in the opposite direction and spreads powder to the forming table, and the first powder spreading arm moves behind the second powder spreading arm;
- the scanning mechanism emits laser light to the powder between the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm, so as to solidify the powder at the preset position;
- the wind field mechanism forms a wind field between the first powder spreading arm and the second powder spreading arm to absorb the smoke and dust formed by the solidification of the powder.
- the above-mentioned metal 3D printing method also achieves the purpose of continuous powder coating and continuous printing, which improves the printing efficiency.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal 3D printing device according to an embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the metal 3D printing device in FIG. 1 .
- FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal 3D printing device in another embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a metal 3D printing device in another embodiment of the present application.
- FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the top of the metal 3D printing device in FIG. 3 .
- FIG. 6 is a schematic flowchart of a metal 3D printing method according to an embodiment of the present application.
- a component when referred to as being "fixed to” another component, it can be directly on the other component or there may also be a centered component.
- a component When a component is considered to be “connected” to another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or there may also be an intervening component.
- a component When a component is considered to be “set on” another component, it may be directly set on the other component or there may be a co-existing centered component.
- the terms “vertical,” “horizontal,” “left,” “right,” and similar expressions are used herein for illustrative purposes only.
- an embodiment of the present application provides a metal 3D printing device 100 , including a forming table 100 a , a first powder spreading arm 10 , a second powder spreading arm 20 , a wind field mechanism 30 and a scanning mechanism 40 .
- the forming table 100a is placed horizontally and can be raised and lowered, and is used for carrying metal powder and printing and forming parts.
- the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 are both placed above the forming table 100a, and are at the same distance from the forming table 100a, that is, at the same height.
- the second powder spreading arm 20 and the first powder spreading arm 10 are arranged parallel to each other along the length direction, and the two are arranged at a certain distance.
- the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 can move in a plane parallel to the forming table 100a, and drop powder during the movement to spread a layer of metal powder to the forming table 100a.
- the wind field mechanism 30 includes an air outlet 31 and an air intake 32 .
- the air outlet 31 is provided on the first powder spreading arm 10 .
- the air intake 32 is provided on the second powder spreading arm 20 .
- the blowing port 31 is used for blowing the powder on the uppermost layer of the forming table 100 a toward the direction of the second powder spreading arm 20 .
- the air intake 32 is used for absorbing the gas blown out by the blowing port 31 to form an air flow field between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20, and the airflow field is used to take away the smoke and dust generated when the powder is condensed, so as to form an air flow field between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20.
- the air outlet 31 and the air intake 32 are connected to an external gas purification system through pipes.
- the air outlet 31 and the air intake 32 can be connected to the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 through a lifting or turning mechanism, so as to realize flexible regulation or printing avoidance.
- the scanning mechanism 40 is placed above the forming table 100a, and is used to emit laser light to the powder on the forming table 100a located in the area between the two projections of the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 on the forming table 100a along the vertical direction , to solidify the powder to form the part.
- An embodiment of the metal 3D printing device 100 to print a product is as follows: the first powder spreading arm 10 moves from the left side to the right side of the forming table 100a to spread a layer of powder on the forming table 100a, and the second powder spreading arm 20 is placed on the first The left side of a powder spreading arm 10 moves with the first powder spreading arm 10, and the scanning mechanism 40 emits laser light to the powder between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20, so as to realize the simultaneous powder spreading and printing; At the same time, the wind field mechanism 30 absorbs the smoke and dust formed by the solidification of the powder; after the first powder spreading arm 10 finishes spreading the powder, that is, after the layer of powder is printed, the forming table 100a descends by a distance of one layer of powder to provide space for the next layer of powder The second powder spreading arm 20 moves to the left to lay a new layer of powder, the first powder spreading arm 10 moves to the left following the first powder spreading arm 10, and the scanning mechanism 40 simultaneously spreads the powder to the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder
- the metal 3D printing apparatus 100 further includes a powder spreading driver 50 .
- the powder spreading driver 50 is respectively connected with the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20, and is used for driving the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 to reciprocate along the powder spreading direction.
- the distance between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 may be a fixed value, that is, the printing span of the scanning mechanism 40 is a fixed value.
- the powder spreading driver 50 can adjust the distance between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 at any time during the printing process. The distance between the powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20, and then adjust the printing span of the laser and the span of the wind field to improve the printing efficiency and printing quality.
- the distance between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 is relatively large to provide a sufficient laser printing span, and the distance between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 when printing the top layer Smaller, in order to reduce the span of the wind field and improve the absorption rate of smoke and dust, thereby improving the molding quality.
- the scanning mechanism 40 includes a scanning driver 41 and a plurality of galvanometer units 42 .
- a plurality of galvanometer units 42 are arranged in a row perpendicular to the powder spreading direction.
- the scanning driver 41 is used to drive the plurality of galvanometer units 42 to move along the powder spreading direction.
- Each galvanometer unit 42 is used to emit a laser downward to cure the powder in the corresponding lower area.
- four galvanometer units 42 are arranged in an array.
- the number of galvanometer units 42 can be changed according to the width of the forming table 100a, for example, 5 to 20 galvanometer units can be integrated within 1 meter.
- Mirror unit 42 .
- the metal 3D printing device 100 is provided with a molding cavity 100b.
- the scanning mechanism 40 is disposed outside the molding cavity 100b and located on the top of the metal 3D printing device 100 , and the top of the metal 3D printing device 100 is provided with a transparent window 100c to transmit the laser light.
- the galvanometer unit 42 is located inside the molding cavity 100 b (as shown in FIG.
- the scanning mechanism 40 further includes a protective mirror and a blower (not shown in the figure), and the protective mirror is used to seal the galvanometer unit 42 , the air blowing part is used to blow air around the protective mirror to form an air curtain, so as to improve the cleanliness of the galvanometer unit 42 in the molding cavity 100b.
- the metal 3D printing apparatus 100 further includes a powder supply mechanism 60 .
- the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 are respectively provided with powder lowering mechanisms 11 and 12 .
- the two powder supply mechanisms 60 are respectively located on the left and right sides of the molding cavity 100b, and are used to provide the powder feeding mechanisms 11 and 12 of the first powder spreading arm 10 or the second powder spreading arm 20 respectively moving to both sides of the molding table 100a.
- mineral powder The powder lowering mechanisms 11 and 12 are used to control the falling of powder, and the powder lowering mechanisms 11 and 12 are designed with switches that can adjust the amount of powder to be dropped, which can control the amount of powder to be dropped each time.
- scrapers 12 and 22 are respectively provided at the bottoms of the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 .
- the scrapers 12, 22 extend perpendicular to the powder spreading direction and are disposed toward the forming table 100a, and the scrapers 12, 22 are used for scraping off the powder with a thickness higher than a preset layer thickness.
- the metal 3D printing device 100 further includes a constant temperature mechanism (not shown) and an auxiliary purification mechanism 70 .
- the constant temperature mechanism is used to ensure that the temperature of all precision components in the molding cavity 100b is constant, so as to improve the printing accuracy.
- the auxiliary purification mechanisms 70 are located on both sides of the molding cavity 100b, and are used to assist in blowing and collecting air into the molding cavity 100b, thereby assisting in absorbing the smoke and dust that escapes into the molding cavity 100b.
- the metal 3D printing apparatus 100 further includes a powder extraction mechanism 80 .
- the powder suction mechanism 80 includes a powder suction driver and a powder suction pipe (not shown).
- the powder suction driver is used to drive the powder suction pipe to move, and the powder suction pipe is used to clean the unsolidified excess powder on the forming table 100a after printing is completed.
- the powder suction driver can be a three-axis linear drive slide rail or a manipulator, which is used to perform automatic programmable automatic cleaning of excess powder after printing.
- the metal 3D printing device 100 includes a plurality of sets of the first powder spreading arm 10 , the second powder spreading arm 20 , the wind field mechanism 30 and the scanning
- the mechanism 40 is used to separately print a plurality of regions of the forming table 100a.
- each of the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 corresponds to one wind field mechanism 30 and one scanning mechanism 40 .
- an embodiment of the metal 3D printing device 100 to print a product is as follows: the powder supply mechanism 60 on the left side is directed to the powder feeding mechanism 11 of the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 . 12 provides metal powder, the powder spreading driver 50 drives the first powder spreading arm 10 to move from the left side to the right side of the forming table 100a to spread a layer of powder to the forming table 100a, and the thickness of the powder is ensured by the scraper 12, and the second spread The powder arm 20 moves with the first powder spreading arm 10 on the left side of the first powder spreading arm 10;
- the scanning driver 41 drives the plurality of galvanometer units 42 to move to the right, and the plurality of galvanometer units 42 emit laser light to the powder between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 to realize flying printing.
- the air outlet 31 and the air intake 32 absorb the smoke and dust formed by the solidification of the powder;
- the powder supply mechanism 60 on the right side supplies metal powder to the powder lowering mechanisms 11 and 12 of the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20
- the powder spreading driver 50 drives the second powder spreading arm 20 to move to the left to spread a new layer of powder, and the powder thickness is ensured by the scraper 22, and the first powder spreading arm 10 follows the first powder spreading arm 10.
- a powder spreading arm 10 moves to the left, and at the same time, the scanning driver 41 drives a plurality of galvanometer units 42 to move to the left.
- the galvanometer units 42 emit laser light to the powder between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20, and simultaneously
- the wind field mechanism 30 absorbs the smoke and dust formed by the solidification of the powder; during the entire printing process, the constant temperature mechanism and the auxiliary purification mechanism 70 continue to operate, and the above process is repeated until the printing is completed.
- the distance between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 is in the range of 100-500 mm, and can also extend to several meters or more.
- the scanning mechanism 40 includes a row of galvanometer units 42 with fixed positions, and the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 are located below the galvanometer unit 42 and their relative positions are fixed,
- the forming table 100a moves horizontally and reciprocatingly relative to the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 to realize the printing of each layer, that is, the forming table 100a can move up and down and translate, and thus can also meet the printing requirements in a large size range .
- the movement of the forming table 100a is driven by a high-precision drive unit such as a linear motor or a servo drive.
- an embodiment of the present application also provides a metal 3D printing method 200, including:
- the scanning mechanism 40 emits laser light to the powder between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 to solidify the powder at the preset position;
- the wind field mechanism 30 forms a wind field between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 to absorb the smoke and dust formed by powder solidification;
- the scanning mechanism 40 emits laser light to the powder between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 to solidify the powder at the preset position;
- the wind field mechanism 30 forms a wind field between the first powder spreading arm 10 and the second powder spreading arm 20 to absorb the smoke and dust formed by the solidification of the powder;
- the above-mentioned metal 3D printing device 100 and the above-mentioned metal 3D printing method 200 emit laser light through the scanning mechanism 40 while spreading powder through the first powder spreading arm 10, so as to realize printing at the same time as powder spreading, and then follow the first powder spreading arm 20 through the second powder spreading arm 20.
- the powder spreading arm 10 moves so that the wind field mechanism 30 absorbs the smoke and dust formed by powder solidification, so as to achieve the purpose of improving the molding quality.
- the scanning mechanism 40 emits laser light at the same time, and the first powder spreading arm 10 moves with the second powder spreading arm 20 to
- the wind field mechanism 30 can continue to absorb smoke and dust, so as to realize the purpose of continuous powder spreading and continuous printing, thereby improving the printing efficiency.
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Abstract
Description
Claims (10)
- 一种金属3D打印装置,其特征在于,包括:成型台,用于承载粉末及打印成型的制件;第一铺粉臂,置于所述成型台上方;第二铺粉臂,与所述第一铺粉臂间隔设置,所述第一铺粉臂与所述第二铺粉臂能够沿平行于所述成型台移动以分别向所述成型台铺粉;风场机构,包括吹风口及收风口,所述吹风口设于所述第一铺粉臂并向所述成型台吹气,所述收风口设于所述第二铺粉臂并吸气;和扫描机构,置于所述成型台上方,用于向所述第一铺粉臂与所述第二铺粉臂之间的所述粉末发射激光,以使所述粉末固化形成所述制件;所述第一铺粉臂铺粉的同时所述扫描机构发射激光,且所述第二铺粉臂跟随所述第一铺粉臂移动以使所述风场机构吸收所述粉末固化形成的烟尘,所述第一铺粉臂铺粉完毕后,所述成型台下降一层所述粉末的距离,所述第二铺粉臂反向移动以铺粉,同时所述扫描机构发射激光,且所述第一铺粉臂跟随所述第二铺粉臂移动以使所述风场机构吸收所述烟尘。
- 如权利要求1所述的金属3D打印装置,其特征在于:所述金属3D打印装置还包括铺粉驱动器,所述铺粉驱动器分别连接所述第一铺粉臂与所述第二铺粉臂,用于驱动所述第一铺粉臂与所述第二铺粉臂沿铺粉方向往复移动,并能够在打印过程中调节所述第一铺粉臂与所述第二铺粉臂之间的距离,以根据所述制件的形状调节激光的打印跨距。
- 如权利要求1所述的金属3D打印装置,其特征在于:所述扫描机构包括扫描驱动器及多个振镜单元,多个所述振镜单元沿垂直于铺粉方向排列设置,所述扫描驱动器用于驱动多个所述振镜单元沿铺粉方向移动,每个所述振镜单元用于发射激光以固化对应下方区域的所述粉末。
- 如权利要求3所述的金属3D打印装置,其特征在于:金属3D打印装置设有成型腔,所述振镜单元位于所述成型腔内,所述扫描机构还包括保护镜及吹气件,所述保护镜用于密封所述振镜单元,所述吹气件用于在所述保护镜周围吹气形成气帘,以提高所述振镜单元在所述成型腔内的洁净度。
- 如权利要求1所述的金属3D打印装置,其特征在于:所述金属3D打印装置还包括供粉机构,所述第一铺粉臂与所述第二铺粉臂分别设有下粉机构,所述供粉机构用于向所述下粉机构提供所述粉末,所述下粉机构用于控制所述粉末的下落及下粉量。
- 如权利要求1所述的金属3D打印装置,其特征在于:所述第一铺粉臂与所述第二铺粉臂分别设有刮刀,所述刮刀沿垂直于铺粉方向延伸并朝所述成型台设置,所述刮刀用于铺粉,并使得每层的所述粉末厚度及平整度可控。
- 如权利要求1所述的金属3D打印装置,其特征在于:所述金属3D打印装置还包括恒温机构及辅助净化机构,所述恒温机构用于提高成型腔内的各器件的温度恒定度,所述辅助净化机构用于吸收溢散到所述成型腔内的所述烟尘。
- 如权利要求1所述的金属3D打印装置,其特征在于:所述金属3D打印装置还包括抽粉机构,所述抽粉机构包括吸粉驱动器及吸粉管,所述吸粉驱动器用于驱动所述吸粉管移动,所述吸粉管用于在打印完成后清理所述成型台上未固化的多余所述粉末。
- 如权利要求1所述的金属3D打印装置,其特征在于:所述金属3D打印装置包括多组所述第一铺粉臂、所述第二铺粉臂、所述风场机构及所述扫描机构,以分别打印所述成型台的多个区域。
- 一种金属3D打印方法,其特征在于,包括:第一铺粉臂移动并向成型台铺粉,第二铺粉臂跟随所述第一铺粉臂后方移动;扫描机构向所述第一铺粉臂及所述第二铺粉臂之间的粉末发射激光,以使预设位置的所述粉末固化;风场机构在所述第一铺粉臂及所述第二铺粉臂之间形成风场,以吸收所述粉末固化过程中形成的烟尘;若成型未完毕,所述成型台下降一层所述粉末的距离;所述第二铺粉臂反向移动并向成型台铺粉,所述第一铺粉臂跟随所述第二铺粉臂后方移动;所述扫描机构向所述第一铺粉臂及所述第二铺粉臂之间的粉末发射激光,以使预设位置的所述粉末固化;所述风场机构在所述第一铺粉臂及所述第二铺粉臂之间形成风场,以吸收所述粉末固化形成的烟尘。
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