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WO2022252113A1 - 电桥驱动系统 - Google Patents

电桥驱动系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022252113A1
WO2022252113A1 PCT/CN2021/097655 CN2021097655W WO2022252113A1 WO 2022252113 A1 WO2022252113 A1 WO 2022252113A1 CN 2021097655 W CN2021097655 W CN 2021097655W WO 2022252113 A1 WO2022252113 A1 WO 2022252113A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
oil
shaft
space
oil inlet
passage
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2021/097655
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘磊
宋志强
欧阳鹏
黄波
Original Assignee
舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
刘磊
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司, 刘磊 filed Critical 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司
Priority to PCT/CN2021/097655 priority Critical patent/WO2022252113A1/zh
Priority to EP21943485.9A priority patent/EP4350175A1/de
Priority to US18/566,165 priority patent/US20240250581A1/en
Priority to CN202180097764.5A priority patent/CN117242281A/zh
Publication of WO2022252113A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022252113A1/zh

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K11/00—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units
    • B60K11/02—Arrangement in connection with cooling of propulsion units with liquid cooling
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/042—Guidance of lubricant
    • F16H57/043—Guidance of lubricant within rotary parts, e.g. axial channels or radial openings in shafts
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H57/00—General details of gearing
    • F16H57/04—Features relating to lubrication or cooling or heating
    • F16H57/0467—Elements of gearings to be lubricated, cooled or heated
    • F16H57/0476—Electric machines and gearing, i.e. joint lubrication or cooling or heating thereof
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
    • H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
    • H02K1/32—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit with channels or ducts for flow of cooling medium
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K7/00—Arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with dynamo-electric machines, e.g. structural association with mechanical driving motors or auxiliary dynamo-electric machines
    • H02K7/10—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters
    • H02K7/116—Structural association with clutches, brakes, gears, pulleys or mechanical starters with gears
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
    • H02K9/00—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating
    • H02K9/19—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil
    • H02K9/197—Arrangements for cooling or ventilating for machines with closed casing and closed-circuit cooling using a liquid cooling medium, e.g. oil in which the rotor or stator space is fluid-tight, e.g. to provide for different cooling media for rotor and stator
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Y—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS CROSS-CUTTING VEHICLE TECHNOLOGY
    • B60Y2200/00—Type of vehicle
    • B60Y2200/90—Vehicles comprising electric prime movers
    • B60Y2200/91—Electric vehicles

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of power systems of vehicles, in particular to an electric bridge drive system for vehicles.
  • the motor In pure electric vehicles, the motor is used as the power source, and the so-called bridge drive system is composed of the motor and the reduction mechanism.
  • the shaft of the motor 10 is integrated with the input shaft of the reduction mechanism 20 to form a rotating shaft 30 .
  • the rotating shaft 30 In order to reduce the weight of the rotating shaft 30, the rotating shaft 30 is formed with blind holes on both the motor side and the reduction mechanism side. A partition wall 30w is formed between the two blind holes, so the oil stored in the housing corresponding to the reduction mechanism 20 cannot flow to the position where the rotor of the motor 10 is located via the rotating shaft 30 .
  • the motor 10 can only be cooled by the cooling jacket and air, and the cooling performance is poor, which will limit the performance of the motor 10 and require higher heat resistance requirements for each component. Since the inner diameter of the blind hole on the side where the reduction mechanism 20 is located in the rotating shaft 30 is smaller than the inner diameter of the blind hole on the side where the motor 10 is located in the rotating shaft 30, if the partition wall 30w is moved toward the side where the motor 10 is located, so that the corresponding The oil stored in the casing can flow to the position where the rotor of the motor 10 is located via the rotating shaft 30 , which will cause the wall thickness of the part of the rotating shaft 30 on the side where the motor 10 is located to be too thick.
  • An object of the present invention is to provide a novel bridge drive system, which can deliver the oil stored in the housing corresponding to the reduction mechanism to the position where the rotor of the motor is located, thereby improving the cooling performance of the motor.
  • the present invention provides an electric bridge drive system, which includes a casing, a motor, a reduction mechanism and a shaft assembly, the casing includes a first space and a second space separated from each other, and in the axial direction of the shaft assembly Above, the second space is located on one axial side relative to the first space, the motor is accommodated in the first space, the reduction mechanism is accommodated in the second space, and the shaft assembly includes a shaft extending from said first space to said second space, said shaft being rotationally connected to the rotor of said electric machine and also serving as an input shaft of said reduction mechanism,
  • the shaft assembly is formed with an oil inlet and an oil outlet both located in the second space, and the inside of the shaft assembly is formed with a The oil passage of the oil outlet enables the oil from the second space to flow into the oil passage from the oil inlet to cool the rotor and then return to the second space from the oil outlet.
  • the interior of the shaft is formed with an inner cavity passing through the shaft along the axial direction, and the shaft assembly further includes:
  • the oil collecting part is fixed to the housing and the oil collecting part and the shaft are spaced apart from each other, the oil inlet is formed in the oil collecting part, and the oil collecting part is inserted into the A part of the inner cavity is formed with a first oil inlet passage communicating with the oil inlet, and the oil collecting member can collect the oil in the second space to the first oil inlet through the oil inlet. on the way;
  • An oil guide the oil guide is fixed to the shaft and is located in the inner cavity as a whole, and a second oil inlet passage is formed inside the oil guide to communicate with the first oil inlet passage, so An oil discharge passage is formed between the oil guide member and the shaft, and the oil discharge passage communicates with the second oil inlet passage and the oil outlet formed on the shaft.
  • the oil from the first oil inlet passage can flow through the second oil inlet passage and the oil discharge passage in sequence, and then return to the second space from the oil outlet .
  • the oil collecting member includes:
  • An oil collection cylinder part the oil collection cylinder part is located in the inner cavity, the oil inlet is formed at one axial end of the oil collection cylinder part, and the first oil inlet passage is along the shaft penetrating through the oil collecting cylinder;
  • the flange portion is located outside the shaft, the flange portion extends from one axial end of the oil collecting tube portion toward the radially outer side, at least a part of the flange portion faces toward the radial direction Extending outward and obliquely toward the other side of the axial direction, the oil in the second space is collected into the oil inlet.
  • the cross-sectional area of the lumen of the oil collecting cylinder portion for forming the first oil inlet passage gradually increases from one axial side to the other axial side.
  • the oil collecting member further includes a stop portion protruding radially outward from the outer periphery of the flange portion, and the stop portion is clipped to the housing.
  • the oil guide includes:
  • the oil guiding cylinder is spaced apart from the inner wall of the shaft, and the second oil inlet passage passes through the oil guiding cylinder along the axial direction;
  • the first end edge portion is located at one axial end of the oil guiding cylinder portion and is fixed to the shaft;
  • the second end edge portion is located at the other axial end of the oil guide cylinder portion and is fixed to the shaft, and the second end edge portion is formed to allow the second oil inlet A communication port through which the passage communicates with the oil discharge passage.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the oil guiding cylinder for forming the second oil inlet passage gradually increases from one axial side to the other axial side.
  • the inner wall of the oil guide cylinder is formed with vanes protruding toward the second oil inlet passage, so as to guide the oil in the oil when the oil guide member rotates with the shaft. flow in the channel.
  • the shaft assembly further includes an oil plug located in the lumen of the shaft and fixed inside the shaft,
  • the lumen includes a large-diameter portion and a small-diameter portion communicating with each other, the diameter of the large-diameter portion is larger than the diameter of the small-diameter portion, and the small-diameter portion is located on one side of the axial direction relative to the large-diameter portion, so that the The interior of the shaft is formed with a stepped structure,
  • the oil guide is located between the oil plug and the stepped structure, one axial end of the oil guide abuts against the stepped structure, and the other axial end of the oil guide abut against the oil plug.
  • the second end edge of the oil guiding member is formed with a notch opening toward the oil plug, and the second end abuts against the oil plug, so that the notch is formed A communication port for communicating the second oil inlet passage with the oil discharge passage.
  • the present invention provides a novel bridge drive system.
  • the bridge drive system includes a housing, a motor, a reduction mechanism and a shaft assembly.
  • the housing includes first and second spaces separated from each other.
  • the motor is accommodated in the first space
  • the reduction mechanism is accommodated in the second space.
  • the shaft assembly includes a shaft extending from the first space to the second space.
  • the shaft assembly is formed with an oil inlet and an oil outlet both located in the second space, and the inside of the shaft assembly is formed with an oil passage extending from the oil inlet to the first space and then returning to the oil outlet, so that oil from the second space
  • the oil inside can flow into the oil passage from the oil inlet to cool the rotor, and then return to the second space from the oil outlet.
  • the shaft assembly is formed with a cooling mechanism that transfers the oil stored in the reduction mechanism to the position where the rotor of the motor is located, thereby improving the cooling performance of the motor, thereby enabling the performance of the motor to be improved and the heat resistance requirements of various components to be reduced.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a conventional bridge driving system.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a bridge driving system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram showing the bridge driving system in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view showing an oil collecting member of the bridge driving system in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic perspective view showing the oil guiding member of the bridge driving system in FIG. 2 .
  • FIG. 5B is another schematic perspective view showing the oil guiding member of the bridge driving system in FIG. 2 .
  • shaft assembly 41 shaft 41o oil outlet 41s step structure 42 oil collecting part 42o oil inlet 421 oil collecting barrel 422 flange 423 stopper 43 oil guiding part 431 oil guiding barrel 431b blade 432 first end edge 433 second end edge 433c notch 44 oil plug
  • axial, radial and circumferential refer to the axial, radial and circumferential directions of the shaft in the shaft assembly respectively; “one side of the axial direction” refers to On the right side in Figure 2 and Figure 3, “the other axial side” refers to the left side in Figure 2 and Figure 3; “radially outside” refers to the side away from the central axis of the shaft in the radial direction, Inwardly” means the side radially closer to the central axis of the shaft.
  • the electric bridge drive system includes a housing 1 , a motor 2 , a reduction mechanism 3 and a shaft assembly 4 assembled together.
  • An installation space is formed inside the casing 1, and the motor 2, the reduction mechanism 3 and the shaft assembly 4 are all located in the installation space.
  • the housing 1 includes a first space S1 and a second space S2 separated from each other.
  • the first space S1 and the second space S2 are aligned in the axial direction A, and the second space S2 is located on one side of the axial direction relative to the first space S1.
  • the motor 2 is accommodated in the first space S1, and the reduction mechanism 3 is accommodated in the second space S2.
  • the motor 2 includes a stator 21 fixed relative to the housing 1 and a rotor 22 rotatable relative to the stator 21 .
  • the rotor 22 is located at the radial inner side of the stator 21 and is connected to the shaft 41 of the shaft assembly 4 in a rotationally fixed manner, so that the shaft 41 can rotate together with the rotor 22 to output torque.
  • the reduction mechanism 3 includes a transmission mechanism constituted by a plurality of gears, and the shaft 41 of the shaft assembly 4 is also used as an input shaft of the reduction mechanism 3 to transmit the torque from the rotor 22 of the motor 2 to the reduction mechanism 3 .
  • the shaft assembly 4 not only includes the shaft 41 extending from the first space S1 to the second space S2 , but also includes an oil collector 42 , an oil guide 43 and an oil plug 44 .
  • the shaft assembly 4 is formed with an oil inlet 42o and an oil outlet 41o which are both located in the second space S2, and the inside of the shaft assembly 4 is formed with an oil inlet 42o extending from the oil inlet 42o to the first space S1 and then turning back.
  • the oil passage of the oil outlet 41o makes the shaft assembly 4 form a cooling mechanism for the oil in the second space S2 to flow into the oil passage from the oil inlet 42o to cool the rotor 22 and then return to the second space S2 from the oil outlet 41o.
  • the shaft 41 is on the one hand connected in a rotationally fixed manner to the rotor 22 of the electric machine 2 and on the other hand the shaft 41 is used as the input shaft 41 of the reduction mechanism 3 . In this way, the torque from the rotor 22 of the motor 2 can be transmitted to the reduction mechanism 3 via the shaft 41 .
  • the inner cavity includes a large-diameter part and a small-diameter part communicating with each other.
  • the diameter of the large-diameter part is larger than the diameter of the small-diameter part.
  • the part of the shaft 41 located in the second space S2 is also formed with a plurality of oil outlets 41o passing through the shaft 41 in the radial direction R, through which the second space S2 and the inner cavity of the shaft 41 are connected.
  • the large diameter part is connected.
  • the oil collecting member 42 includes an oil collecting cylinder portion 421 , a flange portion 422 and a stop portion 423 which are integrally formed.
  • the oil collecting cylinder portion 421 has a cylindrical shape.
  • the oil collecting tube part 421 is inserted into the small diameter part of the inner cavity of the shaft 41, the oil collecting tube part 421 is spaced apart from the shaft 41 in the radial direction R, and the axial dimension of the oil collecting tube part 421 is the same as that of the small diameter part of the inner cavity of the shaft 41.
  • the axial dimensions are approximately the same.
  • the oil inlet 42o of the cooling mechanism is formed at one axial end of the oil collecting tube 421, and is always open toward the second space S2.
  • a first oil inlet passage P1 penetrating through the oil collecting tube 421 along the axial direction A is formed inside the oil collecting tube 421 .
  • the first oil inlet passage P1 communicates with the second space S2 via the oil inlet 42o.
  • the cross-sectional area of the first oil inlet passage P1 gradually increases from one axial side toward the other axial side, thereby preventing the oil in the first oil inlet passage P1 from returning to the oil inlet 42o.
  • the flange portion 422 has a disk shape and is located outside the shaft 41 .
  • the flange portion 422 extends radially outward from one axial end of the oil collecting tube portion 421 , and a radially outer portion of the flange portion 422 extends radially outward while obliquely extending toward the other axial side.
  • the flange portion 422 can gather the oil in the second space S2 to the oil inlet 42o, and then the oil collecting member 42 can drain the oil through the oil inlet 42o. Oil in the second space S2 is collected into the first oil inlet passage P1.
  • the stop portion 423 protrudes a certain length radially outward from the outer periphery of the flange portion 422 , and the stop portion 423 is engaged with the housing 1 so that the oil collector 42 is fixed relative to the housing 1 .
  • the oil guiding member 43 is fixed on the shaft 41 and is entirely located in the large diameter portion of the inner cavity of the shaft 41 . As shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B , the oil guide 43 has a cylindrical shape as a whole.
  • the oil guiding member 43 includes an oil guiding cylinder portion 431 , a first end edge portion 432 and a second end edge portion 433 which are integrally formed.
  • the oil guide cylinder portion 431 is spaced apart from the inner wall of the shaft 41 in the radial direction R.
  • a second oil inlet passage P2 communicating with the first oil inlet passage P1 is formed inside the oil guide cylinder portion 431 , and the second oil inlet passage P2 penetrates the oil guide cylinder portion 431 along the axial direction A. As shown in FIG.
  • the cross-sectional area of the inner cavity of the second oil inlet passage P2 gradually increases from one axial side to the other axial side, so as to prevent the oil entering the second oil inlet passage P2 from returning to the first oil inlet passage P1 on the one hand, On the other hand, it is beneficial to guide the oil in the second oil inlet passage P2 from one axial side to the other axial side when the oil guiding member 43 rotates with the shaft 41 .
  • An oil discharge passage P3 is formed between the outer wall of the oil guiding cylinder 431 and the inner wall of the shaft 41 , and the oil discharge passage P3 communicates with the second oil inlet passage P2 and the oil outlet 41 o formed on the shaft 41 .
  • vanes 431 b protruding toward the second oil inlet passage P2 are formed on the inner wall of the oil guiding cylinder 431 , and these vanes 431 b extend helically along the axial direction A. As shown in FIG. In this way, when the oil guide 43 rotates with the shaft 41, a negative pressure can be formed in the second oil inlet passage P2, thereby facilitating the oil in the first oil inlet passage P1 to enter the second inlet toward the other side of the axial direction. The oil passage P2 further flows toward the other side in the axial direction. This is beneficial to accelerate oil circulation in the oil passage of the cooling mechanism.
  • the first end edge portion 432 is located at one axial end of the oil guiding cylinder portion 431 and extends radially outward from the oil guiding cylinder portion 431 .
  • the first end edge portion 432 and the shaft 41 are fixed together by interference fit, and the first end edge portion 432 abuts against the stepped structure 41 s of the shaft 41 from the other side in the axial direction.
  • the second end edge portion 433 is located at the other axial end of the oil guiding cylinder portion 431 and extends radially outward from the oil guiding cylinder portion 431 .
  • the second end edge portion 433 and the shaft 41 are fixed to the shaft 41 through interference fit, and the second end edge portion 433 abuts against the oil plug 44 from one side in the axial direction.
  • the second edge portion 433 of the oil guide 43 is formed with a notch 433c opening toward the oil plug 44, and the notch 433c forms a communication port for communicating the second oil inlet passage P2 and the oil discharge passage P3.
  • the oil plug 44 is located in the large diameter portion of the inner cavity of the shaft 41 and is fixed to the shaft 41 through interference fit, the oil guide 43 is located between the oil plug 44 and the stepped structure 41s, and the oil guide One end in the axial direction of 43 abuts against the stepped structure 41 s , and the other end in the axial direction of the oil guide 43 abuts against the oil plug 44 .
  • the rotor 22 of the motor 2 drives the shaft 41 to rotate, and the shaft 41 drives the gear of the reduction mechanism 3 to rotate.
  • the oil in the second space S2 is thrown to the inner wall of the casing 1 .
  • the oil on the inner wall of the housing 1 is collected to the oil inlet 42o and enters the first oil inlet passage of the oil collecting member 42 P1.
  • the negative pressure is formed in the second oil inlet passage P2 during the rotation of the oil guiding member 43 along with the shaft 41, the negative pressure is increased by the vane 431b of the oil guiding member 43, and the first oil collecting member 42
  • the oil in the oil inlet passage P1 flows into the second oil inlet passage P2 of the oil guide 43 and continues to flow toward the other side in the axial direction.
  • the oil in the second oil inlet passage P2 of the oil guide 43 flows into the oil discharge passage P3 between the outer wall of the oil guide 43 and the inner wall of the shaft 41.
  • the oil in the passage P3 cools the rotor 22 of the motor 2 and flows toward one side in the axial direction.
  • the shape of the first oil inlet passage P1 and the second oil inlet passage P2 can be such that the cross-sectional area is from one axial side to the other axial side A frustoconical shape that gradually grows larger.
  • both the first oil inlet passage P1 and the second oil inlet passage P2 are formed with a cone angle, the cone angle of the first oil inlet passage P1 makes the first oil inlet passage P1 expand toward the other side of the axial direction, and the second oil inlet passage P1 The taper angle of the passage P2 makes the second oil inlet passage P2 expand toward the other side in the axial direction.
  • the bridge drive system of the present invention is not limited to use in pure electric vehicles, but can also be used in hybrid vehicles as part of a hybrid system.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • General Details Of Gearings (AREA)
  • Motor Or Generator Cooling System (AREA)

Abstract

一种电桥驱动系统，其包括壳体(1)、电机(2)、减速机构(3)和轴组件(4)。壳体(1)包括彼此分隔开的第一空间(S1)和第二空间(S2)，电机(2)收纳于第一空间(S1)内，减速机构(3)收纳于第二空间(S2)内。轴组件(4)形成有均位于第二空间(S2)内的进油口(42o)和出油口(41o)。轴组件(4)的内部形成有从进油口(42o)延伸到第一空间(S1)内再折返回出油口(41o)的油通路，使得来自第二空间(S2)内的油能够从进油口(42o)流入油通路以冷却转子(22)之后再从出油口(41o)返回第二空间(S2)。这样，改善了电机的冷却性能，从而能够提高电机的性能并且降低各部件的耐热性要求。

Description

电桥驱动系统 技术领域
本发明涉及车辆的动力系统领域，特别地涉及一种用于车辆的电桥驱动系统。
背景技术
在纯电动车辆中，采用电机作为动力源，由电机和减速机构构成所谓的电桥驱动系统。如图1所示，在一种现有的电桥驱动系统的设计中，电机10的轴与减速机构20的输入轴形成为一体，以构成一根转轴30。为了降低上述转轴30的重量，该转轴30在电机侧和减速机构侧均形成盲孔。在这两个盲孔之间形成分隔壁30w，因此减速机构20对应的壳体内存储的油不能经由转轴30流到电机10的转子所在的位置。
由此，电机10只能够通过冷却套和空气进行冷却，冷却性能较差，这将限制电机10的性能并且需要提高各部件的耐热性要求。由于转轴30内的位于减速机构20所在侧的盲孔的内径小于转轴30内的位于电机10所在侧的盲孔的内径，如果将分隔壁30w朝向电机10所在侧移动，以使得减速机构对应的壳体内存储的油能够经由转轴30流到电机10的转子所在的位置，则将导致转轴30的位于电机10所在侧的部分的壁厚过厚。
发明内容
基于上述现有技术的缺陷而做出了本发明。本发明的一个目的在于提供一种新型的电桥驱动系统，该电桥驱动系统能够将减速机构对应的壳体内存储的油输送到电机的转子所在的位置，从而改善电机的冷却性能。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明采用如下的技术方案。
本发明提供了一种电桥驱动系统，其包括壳体、电机、减速机构和轴组件，所述壳体包括彼此分隔开的第一空间和第二空间，在所述轴组件的轴向上，所述第二空间相对于所述第一空间位于轴向一侧，所述电机收纳于所述第一空间内，所述减速机构收纳于所述第二空间内，所述轴组件包括从所述第一空间延伸到所述第二空间的轴，所述轴与所述电机的转子抗扭地连接，并且所述轴还用作所述减速机构的输入轴，
所述轴组件形成有均位于所述第二空间内的进油口和出油口，所述轴组件的内部形成有从所述进油口延伸到所述第一空间内再折返回所述出油口的油通路，使得来自所述第二空间内的油能够从所述进油口流入所述油通路以冷却所述转子之后再从所述出油口返回所述第二空间。
优选地，所述轴的内部形成有沿着所述轴向贯通所述轴的内腔，所述轴组件还包括：
集油件，所述集油件固定于所述壳体且所述集油件与所述轴彼此间隔开，所述进油口形成于所述集油件，所述集油件的插入所述内腔的部分形成有与所述进油口连通的第一进油通路，所述集油件能够经由所述进油口将所述第二空间内的油收集到所述第一进油通路中；以及
导油件，所述导油件固定于所述轴且整体位于所述内腔内，所述导油件的内部形成有与所述第一进油通路导通的第二进油通路，所述导油件与所述轴之间形成排油通路，所述排油通路与所述第二进油通路和形成于所述轴的所述出油口连通，所述导油件在随着所述轴转动的过程中能够使来自所述第一进油通路中的油顺次流经所述第二进油通路和所述排油通路再从所述出油口返回所述第二空间。
更优选地，所述集油件包括：
集油筒部，所述集油筒部位于所述内腔中，所述进油口形成于所述集油 筒部的轴向一侧端，所述第一进油通路沿着所述轴向贯通所述集油筒部；以及
凸缘部，所述凸缘部位于所述轴的外部，所述凸缘部从所述集油筒部的轴向一侧端朝向径向外侧延伸，所述凸缘部的至少一部分朝向径向外侧延伸的同时朝向轴向另一侧倾斜地延伸，以用于将所述第二空间内的油汇聚到所述进油口。
更优选地，所述集油筒部的用于形成所述第一进油通路的内腔的横截面积从轴向一侧朝向轴向另一侧逐渐变大。
更优选地，所述集油件还包括从所述凸缘部的外周朝向径向外侧凸出的止动部，所述止动部卡接于所述壳体。
更优选地，所述导油件包括：
导油筒部，所述导油筒部与所述轴的内壁间隔开，所述第二进油通路沿着所述轴向贯通所述导油筒部；
第一端缘部，所述第一端缘部位于所述导油筒部的轴向一侧端并且固定于所述轴；以及
第二端缘部，所述第二端缘部位于所述导油筒部的轴向另一侧端并且固定于所述轴，所述第二端缘部形成有使所述第二进油通路和所述排油通路连通的连通口。
更优选地，所述导油筒部的用于形成所述第二进油通路的内腔的横截面积从轴向一侧朝向轴向另一侧逐渐变大。
更优选地，所述导油筒部的内壁形成有朝向所述第二进油通路内凸出的叶片，以在所述导油件随着所述轴转动的过程中引导油在所述油通路中流动。
更优选地，所述轴组件还包括位于所述轴的内腔中且固定于所述轴的内 部的油塞件，
所述内腔包括彼此连通的大径部和小径部，所述大径部的直径大于所述小径部的直径，所述小径部相对于所述大径部位于轴向一侧，使得所述轴的内部形成有台阶结构，
所述导油件位于所述油塞件和所述台阶结构之间，所述导油件的轴向一侧端抵接于所述台阶结构，所述导油件的轴向另一侧端抵接于所述油塞件。
更优选地，所述导油件的第二端缘部形成有朝向所述油塞件开口的缺口部，所述第二端缘部抵接于所述油塞件，使得所述缺口部形成用于使所述第二进油通路和所述排油通路连通的连通口。
通过采用上述技术方案，本发明提供了一种新型的电桥驱动系统。该电桥驱动系统包括壳体、电机、减速机构和轴组件。壳体包括彼此分隔开的第一空间和第二空间。电机收纳于第一空间内，减速机构收纳于第二空间内。轴组件包括从第一空间延伸到第二空间的轴。轴组件形成有均位于第二空间内的进油口和出油口，轴组件的内部形成有从进油口延伸到第一空间内再折返回出油口的油通路，使得来自第二空间内的油能够从进油口流入油通路以冷却转子之后再从出油口返回第二空间。
因此，轴组件形成有将减速机构内存储的油输送到电机的转子所在的位置的冷却机构，因而改善了电机的冷却性能，从而能够提高电机的性能并且降低各部件的耐热性要求。
附图说明
图1是示出了一种现有的电桥驱动系统的剖视示意图。
图2是示出了根据本发明的一实施方式的电桥驱动系统的剖视示意图。
图3是示出了图2中的电桥驱动系统的局部放大示意图。
图4是示出了图2中的电桥驱动系统的集油件的立体示意图。
图5A是示出了图2中的电桥驱动系统的导油件的一立体示意图。
图5B是示出了图2中的电桥驱动系统的导油件的另一立体示意图。
附图标记说明
10电机 20减速机构 30转轴 30w分隔壁
1壳体 S1第一空间 S2第二空间
2电机 21定子 22转子
3减速机构
4轴组件 41轴 41o出油口 41s台阶结构 42集油件 42o进油口 421集油筒部 422凸缘部 423止动部 43导油件 431导油筒部 431b叶片 432第一端缘部 433第二端缘部 433c缺口部 44油塞件
P1第一进油通路 P2第二进油通路 P3排油通路
A轴向 R径向。
具体实施方式
下面参照附图描述本发明的示例性实施方式。应当理解，这些具体的说明仅用于示教本领域技术人员如何实施本发明，而不用于穷举本发明的所有可行的方式，也不用于限制本发明的范围。
在本发明中，如无特殊说明，“轴向”、“径向”和“周向”分别是指轴组件中的轴的轴向、径向和周向；“轴向一侧”是指图2和图3中的右侧，“轴向另一侧”是指图2和图3中的左侧；“径向外侧”是指在径向上远离轴的中心轴线的那侧，“径向内侧”是指在径向上接近轴的中心轴线的那侧。
将结合说明书附图说明根据本发明的一实施方式的电桥驱动系统的结构。
如图2和图3所示，根据本发明的一实施方式的电桥驱动系统包括组装在一起的壳体1、电机2、减速机构3和轴组件4。壳体1的内部形成有安装空间，电机2、减速机构3和轴组件4均位于安装空间内。
在本实施方式中，壳体1包括彼此分隔开的第一空间S1和第二空间S2。第一空间S1和第二空间S2在轴向A上排列，第二空间S2相对于第一空间S1位于轴向一侧的位置。电机2收纳于第一空间S1内，减速机构3收纳于第二空间S2内。
在本实施方式中，电机2包括相对于壳体1固定的定子21和能够相对于定子21转动的转子22。转子22位于定子21的径向内侧，并且与轴组件4的轴41抗扭地连接，使得轴41能够随着转子22一起转动从而输出扭矩。
在本实施方式中，减速机构3包括利用多个齿轮构成的传动机构，轴组件4的轴41还用作减速机构3的输入轴，以将来自电机2的转子22的扭矩传递到减速机构3。
在本实施方式中，轴组件4不仅包括从第一空间S1延伸到第二空间S2的轴41，而且还包括集油件42、导油件43和油塞件44。通过这些组成部件，轴组件4形成有均位于第二空间S2内的进油口42o和出油口41o，轴组件4的内部形成有从进油口42o延伸到第一空间S1内再折返回出油口41o的油通路，使得轴组件4形成了使第二空间S2内的油从进油口42o流入油通路以冷却转子22之后再从出油口41o返回第二空间S2的冷却机构。
如上所述，在本实施方式中，一方面轴41与电机2的转子22抗扭地连接，另一方面轴41用作减速机构3的输入轴41。这样，来自电机2的转子22的扭矩能够经由轴41传递到减速机构3。
轴41的内部形成有沿着轴向A贯通整个轴41的内腔。内腔包括彼此连通的大径部和小径部，大径部的直径大于小径部的直径，小径部相对于大径部 位于轴向一侧，使得轴41的位于第二空间S2内的部分形成有台阶结构41s。这样，与背景技术中说明的转轴30相比，轴41的位于台阶结构41s的轴向另一侧的壁厚未增大。
另外，轴41的位于第二空间S2内的部分还形成有在径向R上贯通轴41的多个出油口41o，经由多个出油口41o使第二空间S2与轴41的内腔的大径部连通。
在本实施方式中，集油件42的一部分插入轴41的内腔内，集油件42的另一部分位于轴41和壳体1之间。集油件42固定于壳体1，集油件42与轴41彼此间隔开。集油件42用于收集减速机构3的齿轮甩出的油。如图4所示，集油件42包括形成为一体的集油筒部421、凸缘部422和止动部423。
集油筒部421具有圆筒形状。集油筒部421插入轴41的内腔的小径部内，集油筒部421在径向R上与轴41间隔开，集油筒部421的轴向尺寸与轴41的内腔的小径部的轴向尺寸大致相同。上述冷却机构的进油口42o形成于集油筒部421的轴向一侧端，并且始终朝向第二空间S2开放。集油筒部421的内部形成沿着轴向A贯通集油筒部421的第一进油通路P1。这样，第一进油通路P1经由进油口42o与第二空间S2连通。另外，第一进油通路P1的横截面积从轴向一侧朝向轴向另一侧逐渐变大，从而防止第一进油通路P1中的油返回进油口42o。
凸缘部422具有圆盘形状且位于轴41的外部。凸缘部422从集油筒部421的轴向一侧端朝向径向外侧延伸，凸缘部422的径向外侧部分朝向径向外侧延伸的同时朝向轴向另一侧倾斜地延伸。这样，与壳体1的内壁的用于引导油的结构相配合，凸缘部422能够将第二空间S2内的油汇聚到进油口42o，进而集油件42能够经由进油口42o将第二空间S2内的油收集到第一进油通路P1中。
止动部423从凸缘部422的外周朝向径向外侧凸出一定的长度，止动部423卡接于壳体1，使得集油件42相对于壳体1固定。
在本实施方式中，导油件43固定于轴41且整体位于轴41的内腔的大径部内。如图5A和图5B所示，导油件43整体具有圆筒形状。导油件43包括形成为一体的导油筒部431、第一端缘部432和第二端缘部433。
导油筒部431在径向R上与轴41的内壁间隔开。导油筒部431的内部形成有与第一进油通路P1连通的第二进油通路P2，第二进油通路P2沿着轴向A贯通导油筒部431。第二进油通路P2的内腔的横截面积从轴向一侧朝向轴向另一侧逐渐变大，从而一方面防止进入第二进油通路P2中的油返回第一进油通路P1，另一方面有利于在导油件43随着轴41转动的过程中从轴向一侧朝向轴向另一侧引导第二进油通路P2内的油。导油筒部431的外壁与轴41的内壁之间形成排油通路P3，排油通路P3与第二进油通路P2和形成于轴41的出油口41o连通。另外，导油筒部431的内壁形成有朝向第二进油通路P2内凸出的叶片431b，这些叶片431b沿着轴向A螺旋状地延伸。这样，当导油件43随着轴41转动的过程中，在第二进油通路P2中能够形成负压，从而有利于第一进油通路P1的油朝向轴向另一侧进入第二进油通路P2，进一步朝向轴向另一侧流动。这有利于加速油在冷却机构的油通路中循环。
第一端缘部432位于导油筒部431的轴向一侧端并且从导油筒部431朝向径向外侧延伸。第一端缘部432与轴41通过过盈配合固定在一起，并且第一端缘部432从轴向另一侧抵接于轴41的台阶结构41s。
第二端缘部433位于导油筒部431的轴向另一侧端并且从导油筒部431朝向径向外侧延伸。第二端缘部433与轴41通过过盈配合固定于轴41，并且第二端缘部433从轴向一侧抵接于油塞件44。导油件43的第二端缘部433形成有朝向油塞件44开口的缺口部433c，缺口部433c形成用于使第二进油通路P2和 排油通路P3连通的连通口。
在本实施方式中，油塞件44位于轴41的内腔的大径部中且通过过盈配合固定于轴41，导油件43位于油塞件44和台阶结构41s之间，导油件43的轴向一侧端抵接于台阶结构41s，导油件43的轴向另一侧端抵接于油塞件44。
以下说明根据本发明的电桥驱动系统的冷却机构的工作过程。
当电机2处于工作状态时，电机2的转子22驱动轴41转动，轴41驱动减速机构3的齿轮转动。在齿轮转动的过程中将第二空间S2内的油甩到壳体1的内壁。
进一步地，通过壳体1的内壁的集油结构以及轴组件4的集油件42，将壳体1的内壁上的油收集到进油口42o并进入集油件42的第一进油通路P1。
进一步地，由于在导油件43随着轴41转动的过程中在第二进油通路P2中形成负压，通过导油件43的叶片431b增大了负压，集油件42的第一进油通路P1中的油流入导油件43的第二进油通路P2并朝向轴向另一侧持续流动。
进一步地，经由导油件43的连通口，导油件43的第二进油通路P2中的油流入到导油件43的外壁和轴41的内壁之间的排油通路P3，在排油通路P3中的油对电机2的转子22进行冷却并朝向轴向一侧流动。
最后，排油通路P3中的油经由出油口41o返回第二空间S2内，从而完成循环过程。
当电桥驱动系统处于工作状态时，上述循环过程持续进行，从而利用第二空间S2内的油对电机2的转子22进行持续冷却，进而改善电机2的冷却性能。
本发明不限于上述实施方式，本领域技术人员在本发明的教导下可以对本发明的上述实施方式做出各种变型，而不脱离本发明的范围。另外，还需进行以下说明。
(i)虽然在以上的具体实施方式中没有具体说明，但是可以理解，如果从不增加成本的角度考虑，轴41的内腔的大径部的横截面在轴向A上可以是相同的；如果从在轴41的转动过程中有利于油在排油通路P3内朝向出油口41o流动的角度考虑，大径部的横截面也可以是朝向出油口41o逐渐变大。
(ii)虽然在以上的具体实施方式中没有具体说明，但是可以理解，在将集油件42和导油件43插入轴41的内腔的安装过程中，将集油件42从轴向一侧插入轴41的内腔的小径部，将导油件43从轴向另一侧插入轴41的内腔的大径部。
(iii)虽然在以上的具体实施方式中没有具体说明，但是可以理解，第一进油通路P1和第二进油通路P2的形状可以为横截面面积从轴向一侧朝向轴向另一侧逐渐变大的圆台形状。优选地，第一进油通路P1和第二进油通路P2都形成有锥角，第一进油通路P1的锥角使得第一进油通路P1朝向轴向另一侧扩张，第二进油通路P2的锥角使得第二进油通路P2朝向轴向另一侧扩张。
(iv)本发明的电桥驱动系统不限于用于纯电动车辆，也可以作为混合动力系统的一部分而用于混合动力车辆。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种电桥驱动系统，其包括壳体(1)、电机(2)、减速机构(3)和轴组件(4)，所述壳体(1)包括彼此分隔开的第一空间(S1)和第二空间(S2)，在所述轴组件(4)的轴向(A)上，所述第二空间(S2)相对于所述第一空间(S1)位于轴向一侧，所述电机(2)收纳于所述第一空间(S1)内，所述减速机构(3)收纳于所述第二空间(S2)内，所述轴组件(4)包括从所述第一空间(S1)延伸到所述第二空间(S2)的轴(41)，所述轴(41)与所述电机(2)的转子(22)抗扭地连接，并且所述轴(41)还用作所述减速机构(3)的输入轴，
    所述轴组件(4)形成有均位于所述第二空间(S2)内的进油口(42o)和出油口(41o)，所述轴组件(4)的内部形成有从所述进油口(42o)延伸到所述第一空间(S1)内再折返回所述出油口(41o)的油通路，使得来自所述第二空间(S2)内的油能够从所述进油口(42o)流入所述油通路以冷却所述转子(22)之后再从所述出油口(41o)返回所述第二空间(S2)。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述轴(41)的内部形成有沿着所述轴向(A)贯通所述轴(41)的内腔，所述轴组件(4)还包括：
    集油件(42)，所述集油件(42)固定于所述壳体(1)且所述集油件(42)与所述轴(41)彼此间隔开，所述进油口(42o)形成于所述集油件(42)，所述集油件(42)的插入所述内腔的部分形成有与所述进油口(42o)连通的第一进油通路(P1)，所述集油件(42)能够经由所述进油口(42o)将所述第二空间(S2)内的油收集到所述第一进油通路(P1)中；以及
    导油件(43)，所述导油件(43)固定于所述轴(41)且整体位于所述内腔内，所述导油件(43)的内部形成有与所述第一进油通路(P1)导通的第二进油通路(P2)，所述导油件(43)与所述轴(41)之间形成排油通路 (P3)，所述排油通路(P3)与所述第二进油通路(P2)和形成于所述轴(41)的所述出油口(41o)连通，所述导油件(43)在随着所述轴(41)转动的过程中能够使来自所述第一进油通路(P1)中的油顺次流经所述第二进油通路(P2)和所述排油通路(P3)再从所述出油口(41o)返回所述第二空间(S2)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述集油件(42)包括：
    集油筒部(421)，所述集油筒部(421)位于所述内腔中，所述进油口(42o)形成于所述集油筒部(421)的轴向一侧端，所述第一进油通路(P1)沿着所述轴向(A)贯通所述集油筒部(421)；以及
    凸缘部(422)，所述凸缘部(422)位于所述轴(41)的外部，所述凸缘部(422)从所述集油筒部(421)的轴向一侧端朝向径向外侧延伸，所述凸缘部(422)的至少一部分朝向径向外侧延伸的同时朝向轴向另一侧倾斜地延伸，以用于将所述第二空间(S2)内的油汇聚到所述进油口(42o)。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述集油筒部(421)的用于形成所述第一进油通路(P1)的内腔的横截面积从轴向一侧朝向轴向另一侧逐渐变大。
  5. 根据权利要求3或4所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述集油件(42)还包括从所述凸缘部(422)的外周朝向径向外侧凸出的止动部(423)，所述止动部(423)卡接于所述壳体(1)。
  6. 根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述导油件(43)包括：
    导油筒部(431)，所述导油筒部(431)与所述轴(41)的内壁间隔开，所述第二进油通路(P2)沿着所述轴向(A)贯通所述导油筒部(431)；
    第一端缘部(432)，所述第一端缘部(432)位于所述导油筒部(431)的轴向一侧端并且固定于所述轴(41)；以及
    第二端缘部(433)，所述第二端缘部(433)位于所述导油筒部(431)的轴向另一侧端并且固定于所述轴(41)，所述第二端缘部(433)形成有使所述第二进油通路(P2)和所述排油通路(P3)连通的连通口。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述导油筒部(431)的用于形成所述第二进油通路(P2)的内腔的横截面积从轴向一侧朝向轴向另一侧逐渐变大。
  8. 根据权利要求6或7所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述导油筒部(431)的内壁形成有朝向所述第二进油通路(P2)内凸出的叶片(431b)，以在所述导油件(43)随着所述轴(41)转动的过程中引导油在所述油通路中流动。
  9. 根据权利要求2至8中任一项所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述轴组件(4)还包括位于所述轴(41)的内腔中且固定于所述轴(41)的内部的油塞件(44)，
    所述内腔包括彼此连通的大径部和小径部，所述大径部的直径大于所述小径部的直径，所述小径部相对于所述大径部位于轴向一侧，使得所述轴(41)的内部形成有台阶结构(41s)，
    所述导油件(43)位于所述油塞件(44)和所述台阶结构(41s)之间，所述导油件(43)的轴向一侧端抵接于所述台阶结构(41s)，所述导油件(43)的轴向另一侧端抵接于所述油塞件(44)。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的电桥驱动系统，其特征在于，所述导油件(43)的第二端缘部(433)形成有朝向所述油塞件(44)开口的缺口部(433c)，所述第二端缘部(433)抵接于所述油塞件(44)，使得所述缺口部(433c) 形成用于使所述第二进油通路(P2)和所述排油通路(P3)连通的连通口。
PCT/CN2021/097655 2021-06-01 2021-06-01 电桥驱动系统 WO2022252113A1 (zh)

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