WO2022190888A1 - 吸着システム - Google Patents
吸着システム Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2022190888A1 WO2022190888A1 PCT/JP2022/007667 JP2022007667W WO2022190888A1 WO 2022190888 A1 WO2022190888 A1 WO 2022190888A1 JP 2022007667 W JP2022007667 W JP 2022007667W WO 2022190888 A1 WO2022190888 A1 WO 2022190888A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- adsorbent
- air
- heat exchanger
- adsorption
- adsorption system
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 143
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 73
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000013076 target substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000003463 adsorbent Substances 0.000 claims description 111
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000012621 metal-organic framework Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002841 Lewis acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000007517 lewis acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009877 rendering Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 36
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 30
- 238000007791 dehumidification Methods 0.000 description 25
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 22
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012855 volatile organic compound Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 206010022000 influenza Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000012267 brine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydron Chemical compound [H+] GPRLSGONYQIRFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013110 organic ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005372 silanol group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;chloride;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na+].[Cl-] HPALAKNZSZLMCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000712461 unidentified influenza virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/26—Drying gases or vapours
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
- B01J20/26—Synthetic macromolecular compounds
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
- B01J20/34—Regenerating or reactivating
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
- F24F1/0358—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing with dehumidification means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/02—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing
- F24F1/037—Self-contained room units for air-conditioning, i.e. with all apparatus for treatment installed in a common casing with humidification means
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/20—Casings or covers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F13/00—Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
- F24F13/22—Means for preventing condensation or evacuating condensate
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F3/00—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems
- F24F3/12—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling
- F24F3/14—Air-conditioning systems in which conditioned primary air is supplied from one or more central stations to distributing units in the rooms or spaces where it may receive secondary treatment; Apparatus specially designed for such systems characterised by the treatment of the air otherwise than by heating and cooling by humidification; by dehumidification
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F6/00—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification
- F24F6/02—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air
- F24F6/08—Air-humidification, e.g. cooling by humidification by evaporation of water in the air using heated wet elements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A50/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE in human health protection, e.g. against extreme weather
- Y02A50/20—Air quality improvement or preservation, e.g. vehicle emission control or emission reduction by using catalytic converters
Definitions
- the present disclosure relates to adsorption systems.
- the adsorption system described in Patent Document 1 is applied to a humidity control device.
- the humidity control device performs a dehumidification operation and a humidification operation.
- moisture contained in the air is adsorbed by the adsorbent.
- the dehydrated air is supplied to the target space.
- moisture desorbed from the adsorbent is released into the air.
- Moisturized air is supplied to the target space.
- Microorganisms such as mold and fungi breed on the surface of the adsorbent.
- the microorganisms themselves or the malodor emitted from the microorganisms are supplied to the target space.
- the comfort and sanitary conditions of the target space are impaired.
- the purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an adsorption system that can suppress the growth of bacteria on the adsorbent.
- a first aspect includes an adsorption section (51, 52) having an adsorbent (57) that adsorbs a target substance, and a generating section (56) that generates water on the surface of the adsorbent (57),
- the adsorbent (57) is an adsorption system that has the property of acidifying or alkaline water on its surface.
- the generating section (56) when the generating section (56) generates water on the surface of the adsorbent (57), the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) becomes acidic or alkaline. Acidic or alkaline water can suppress the growth of microorganisms on the surface of the adsorbent (57).
- a second aspect is the adsorption system of the first aspect, wherein the generating section includes a cooling section (56) that cools air so as to generate condensed water.
- a third aspect is the adsorption system of the second aspect, wherein the adsorption section has a heat exchanger (56) provided with the adsorbent (57), and the cooling section functions as an evaporator.
- a fourth aspect is the adsorption system of the third aspect, in which a first operation using the heat exchanger (56) as an evaporator and a second operation using the heat exchanger (56) as a radiator are alternately performed. wherein said heat exchanger (56) cools said air to produce said condensed water during said first operation.
- the control device (95) alternately executes the first operation and the second operation.
- the controller (95) causes the heat exchanger (56) to function as an evaporator. This allows the adsorbent (57) to adsorb moisture in the air.
- the control device (95) causes the heat exchanger (56) to function as a radiator. As a result, the moisture adsorbed by the adsorbent (57) can be desorbed into the air.
- the air is cooled by the heat exchanger (56) functioning as an evaporator to generate condensed water.
- the heat exchanger (56) functioning as an evaporator to generate condensed water.
- acidic or alkaline water can be generated on the surface of the adsorbent (57). This makes it possible to suppress the growth of microorganisms while alternately adsorbing and desorbing moisture.
- a fifth aspect is the adsorption system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the adsorbent (57) has a property of acidifying water on its surface with a Lewis acid.
- water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) is made acidic or alkaline by Lewis acid generated from the adsorbent (57).
- a sixth aspect is the adsorption system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the adsorbent (57) contains a metal organic structure.
- water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) can be acidified by the metal organic structure contained in the adsorbent (57).
- a seventh aspect is the adsorption system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the adsorbent (57) contains silica gel.
- the silica gel contained in the adsorbent (57) can acidify water on the surface of the adsorbent (57).
- An eighth aspect is the adsorption system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the adsorbent (57) contains sodium polyacrylate.
- the sodium polyacrylate contained in the adsorbent (57) can make the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) alkaline.
- a ninth aspect is the adsorption system according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, wherein the adsorbent (57) has a property of making the pH of water on its surface 5 or less, or 9 or more. is.
- the pH of the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) is in a state in which the propagation of microorganisms can be further suppressed.
- the adsorbent (57) has the property of making the pH of water on its surface within the range of 2 or more and 4 or less.
- the pH of the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) is in a state where the propagation of microorganisms can be further suppressed.
- the adsorbent (57) has a property of making its surface pH less than 2.
- the pH of the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) is in a state in which the propagation of microorganisms can be further suppressed.
- FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a humidity control apparatus according to an embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is a piping system diagram of a refrigerant circuit of the humidity control apparatus according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the connection relationship between the controller and other element parts according to the embodiment.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1, showing the air flow in the first dehumidifying operation.
- FIG. 5 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1, showing the air flow in the second dehumidification operation.
- FIG. 6 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1, showing the air flow in the first humidification operation.
- FIG. 7 is a diagram corresponding to FIG. 1, showing the flow of air in the second humidification operation.
- FIG. 8 is a timing chart of dehumidification operation.
- FIG. 9 is a timing chart of humidification operation.
- FIG. 10 is a table showing types of microorganisms and pH ranges for their growth.
- the adsorption system according to the present invention is applied to a humidity control device (10).
- a humidity control device (10) adjusts the humidity of the air in the target space.
- the target space is the indoor space.
- the humidity control device (10) switches between a dehumidifying operation for dehumidifying air and a humidifying operation for humidifying air.
- the target substance of the humidity control device (10) is moisture in the air.
- the humidity control device (10) adjusts the humidity of the air in the indoor space and ventilates the indoor space.
- the humidity control apparatus (10) includes a humidity control unit (U), a refrigerant circuit (50), and a controller (100).
- the humidity control unit (U) will be described in detail with reference to FIG. Unless otherwise specified, the terms “top”, “bottom”, “left”, “right”, “front”, “back”, “front”, and “back” used in the following explanations are when the humidity control unit (U) is viewed from the front. It means the direction of the case.
- the humidity control unit (U) has a casing (11).
- a refrigerant circuit (50) is accommodated in the casing (11).
- the refrigerant circuit (50) includes a first adsorption heat exchanger (51), a second adsorption heat exchanger (52), a compressor (53), a four-way switching valve (54), and an electric expansion valve (55). It is connected. Details of the refrigerant circuit (50) will be described later.
- the casing (11) is formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape that is somewhat flat and relatively low.
- the casing (11) is formed with an outside air intake port (24), an inside air intake port (23), an air supply port (22), and an exhaust port (21).
- the outside air intake (24) communicates with the outdoor space via the first duct.
- the inside air intake port (23) communicates with the interior space via the second duct.
- the air supply port (22) communicates with the interior space through the third duct.
- the exhaust port (21) communicates with the outdoor space through the fourth duct.
- the outside air intake (24) and the inside air intake (23) are provided in the back panel (13) of the casing (11).
- the outside air intake port (24) is provided in the lower portion of the rear panel portion (13).
- the inside air intake port (23) is provided in the upper portion of the rear panel portion (13).
- the air supply port (22) is provided in the first side panel portion (14) of the casing (11). In the first side panel portion (14), the air supply port (22) is arranged near the end of the casing (11) on the front panel portion (12) side.
- the exhaust port (21) is provided in the second side panel portion (15) of the casing (11). In the second side panel portion (15), the exhaust port (21) is arranged near the end on the front panel portion (12) side.
- An upstream partition plate (71), a downstream partition plate (72), and a central partition plate (73) are provided in the internal space of the casing (11).
- Each of these partition plates (71 to 73) is installed in an upright state on the bottom plate of the casing (11), and divides the internal space of the casing (11) from the bottom plate to the top plate of the casing (11). is doing.
- the upstream partition plate (71) and the downstream partition plate (72) are arranged parallel to the front panel section (12) and the rear panel section (13) with a predetermined space in the longitudinal direction of the casing (11). are placed.
- the upstream partition plate (71) is arranged near the back panel portion (13).
- the downstream partition plate (72) is arranged near the front panel portion (12). Arrangement of the central partition plate (73) will be described later.
- the space between the upstream partition plate (71) and the rear panel portion (13) is divided into upper and lower spaces, and the upper space constitutes the inside air passageway (32). , the lower space constitutes the outside air passage (34).
- the inside air passage (32) communicates with the inside air inlet (23), and the outside air passage (34) communicates with the outside air inlet (24).
- An inside air filter (27), an inside air temperature sensor (91), and an inside air humidity sensor (92) are installed in the inside air passage (32).
- the inside air temperature sensor (91) measures the temperature of the room air flowing through the inside air passageway (32).
- the inside air humidity sensor (92) measures the relative humidity of the room air flowing through the inside air passageway (32).
- the outside air passageway (34) is provided with an outside air filter (28), an outside air temperature sensor (93), and an outside air humidity sensor (94).
- the outdoor air temperature sensor (93) measures the temperature of outdoor air flowing through the outdoor air passageway (34).
- the outdoor air humidity sensor (94) measures the relative humidity of outdoor air flowing through the outdoor air passageway (34). 4 to 7, illustration of the inside air temperature sensor (91), the inside air humidity sensor (92), the outside air temperature sensor (93), and the outside air humidity sensor (94) is omitted.
- the space between the upstream partition plate (71) and the downstream partition plate (72) in the casing (11) is partitioned left and right by the central partition plate (73).
- the space constitutes the first heat exchanger chamber (37), and the space on the left side of the central partition (73) constitutes the second heat exchanger chamber (38).
- the first heat exchanger chamber (37) houses a first adsorption heat exchanger (51).
- the second heat exchanger chamber (38) houses a second adsorption heat exchanger (52).
- the electric expansion valve (55) of the refrigerant circuit (50) is accommodated in the first heat exchanger chamber (37).
- Each adsorption heat exchanger (51, 52) is an adsorption part that adsorbs a target substance. As shown in FIG. 2, each adsorption heat exchanger (51, 52) has a heat exchanger (56) and an adsorbent (57) provided on the surface of the heat exchanger (56).
- the heat exchanger (56) is a so-called cross-fin type fin-and-tube heat exchanger.
- the adsorbent (57) is carried on the surface of the heat exchanger (56). Details of the adsorbent (57) will be described later.
- Each adsorption heat exchanger (51, 52) is formed in the shape of a rectangular thick plate or a flat rectangular parallelepiped as a whole. Each adsorption heat exchanger (51, 52) is placed in the heat exchanger chamber (37, 38) with its front and rear faces parallel to the upstream partition plate (71) and the downstream partition plate (72). Installed in an upright position.
- the space along the front surface of the downstream partition plate (72) is vertically partitioned. 31), and the lower portion constitutes the exhaust side passage (33).
- the upstream partition plate (71) is provided with four openable dampers (41) to (44). Each of the dampers (41) to (44) is formed in a substantially oblong rectangular shape. Specifically, the first inside air damper (41) is attached to the right side of the center partition (73) in the portion (upper portion) of the upstream partition (71) facing the inside air passage (32). A second inside air side damper (42) is attached to the left of the center partition (73). A first outside air damper (43) is attached to the right side of the center partition (73) in the portion (lower portion) of the upstream partition (71) facing the outside air passageway (34), A second outside air side damper (44) is attached to the left of the center partition (73).
- the downstream partition plate (72) is provided with four openable dampers (45) to (48). Each of the dampers (45) to (48) is formed in a substantially oblong rectangular shape. Specifically, in the portion (upper portion) of the downstream partition plate (72) facing the air supply side passageway (31), the first air supply side damper (45) is located to the right of the central partition plate (73). is attached, and the second intake side damper (46) is attached to the left of the center partition (73). A first exhaust damper (47) is attached to the right side of the central partition (73) in the portion (lower portion) of the downstream partition (72) facing the exhaust passage (33), A second exhaust side damper (48) is attached to the left of the central partition (73).
- the eight dampers (41) to (48) constitute a switching mechanism (40) that switches air circulation paths.
- the space between the air supply side passageway (31) and the exhaust side passageway (33) and the front panel portion (12) is partitioned left and right by a partition plate (77).
- the space on the right side of (77) constitutes the supply fan chamber (36), and the space on the left side of the partition plate (77) constitutes the exhaust fan chamber (35).
- An air supply fan (26) is housed in the air supply fan room (36).
- An exhaust fan (25) is accommodated in the exhaust fan chamber (35). Both the air supply fan (26) and the exhaust fan (25) are centrifugal multi-blade fans (so-called sirocco fans).
- the air supply fan (26) blows out the air sucked from the downstream partition plate (72) to the air supply port (22).
- the exhaust fan (25) blows out the air sucked from the downstream partition plate (72) to the exhaust port (21).
- the air supply fan chamber (36) accommodates the compressor (53) of the refrigerant circuit (50) and the four-way switching valve (54).
- the compressor (53) and the four-way switching valve (54) are arranged between the air supply fan (26) and the partition plate (77) in the air supply fan chamber (36).
- the refrigerant circuit (50) includes a first adsorption heat exchanger (51), a second adsorption heat exchanger (52), a compressor (53), a four-way switching valve (54), and an electric It is a closed circuit provided with an expansion valve (55).
- the refrigerant circuit (50) performs a vapor compression refrigeration cycle by circulating the filled refrigerant.
- the refrigerant circuit (50) is equipped with a plurality of temperature sensors and pressure sensors.
- the compressor (53) has a discharge pipe connected to a first port of the four-way switching valve (54) and a suction pipe connected to a second port of the four-way switching valve (54). ing.
- the first adsorption heat exchanger (51), the electric expansion valve (55), and the 2 adsorption heat exchangers (52) are arranged.
- the four-way switching valve (54) has a first state (a state shown in FIG. 2A) in which the first port and the third port are in communication and the second port and the fourth port are in communication; It is possible to switch to a second state (state shown in FIG. 2B) in which the first port communicates with the fourth port and the second port communicates with the third port.
- the compressor (53) is a fully enclosed compressor in which a compression mechanism and an electric motor for driving the compression mechanism are housed in one casing. Alternating current is supplied to the electric motor of the compressor (53) through an inverter. When the output frequency of the inverter (that is, the operating frequency of the compressor (53)) is changed, the rotation speed of the electric motor and the compression mechanism driven thereby changes, and the operating capacity of the compressor (53) changes. Increasing the rotation speed of the compression mechanism increases the operating capacity of the compressor (53), and decreasing the rotation speed of the compression mechanism decreases the operating capacity of the compressor (53).
- the controller (95) shown in FIG. 3 is a control device that controls the humidity control unit (U) and the refrigerant circuit (50).
- the controller (95) is wired or wirelessly connected to the compressor (53), the electric expansion valve (55), the four-way switching valve (54), and the switching mechanism (40).
- the controller (95) is wired or wirelessly connected to the inside air humidity sensor (92), the inside air temperature sensor (91), the outside air humidity sensor (94), and the outside air temperature sensor (93).
- the controller (95) has a receiver that receives the measured values of the inside air humidity sensor (92), the inside air temperature sensor (91), the outside air humidity sensor (94), and the outside air temperature sensor (93).
- the controller (95) controls the compressor (53), the electric expansion valve (55), the four-way switching valve (54), and the switching mechanism (40).
- the controller (95) controls the humidity control unit (U) and the refrigerant circuit (50) to switch between various operations.
- the humidity control apparatus (10) of this embodiment performs a dehumidifying operation, a humidifying operation, a cooling operation, a heating operation, and a simple ventilation operation.
- the dehumidification operation and the humidification operation are humidity control operations aimed at adjusting the absolute humidity of the outdoor air supplied to the indoor space. That is, the dehumidification operation and the humidification operation are operations for mainly processing the latent heat load (dehumidification load or humidification load) of the indoor space.
- the cooling operation and the heating operation are sensible heat treatment operations for the purpose of adjusting the temperature of the outdoor air supplied to the indoor space. That is, the cooling operation and the heating operation are operations for mainly processing the sensible heat load (cooling load or heating load) of the indoor space.
- the simple ventilation operation is an operation for only ventilating the indoor space.
- the air supply fan (26) and the exhaust fan (25) operate in each of the dehumidification operation, humidification operation, cooling operation, heating operation, and simple ventilation operation.
- the humidity control device (10) supplies the sucked outdoor air (OA) to the indoor space as supply air (SA), and discharges the sucked indoor air (RA) to the outdoor space (201) as exhaust air (EA). .
- the dehumidifying operation and humidifying operation performed by the humidity control device (10) will be described in detail below.
- ⁇ Dehumidification operation> In the humidity control device (10) during dehumidification operation, the outdoor air is sucked into the casing (11) from the outdoor air inlet (24) as primary air, and the indoor air is drawn from the indoor air inlet (23) into the casing (11). sucked as secondary air into the In the refrigerant circuit (50), the compressor (53) operates to adjust the opening of the electric expansion valve (55).
- the humidity control apparatus (10) alternately and repeatedly performs a first dehumidification operation and a second dehumidification operation, which will be described later, for several minutes.
- the execution time of the first dehumidification operation is set to several minutes.
- the execution time of the second dehumidifying operation is set to several minutes.
- the switching mechanism (40) sets the air circulation path to the second path. Specifically, the first inside air side damper (41), the second outside air side damper (44), the second intake side damper (46), and the first exhaust side damper (47) are opened to open the second inside air side damper (44). The side damper (42), the first outside air side damper (43), the first intake side damper (45), and the second exhaust side damper (48) are closed.
- the four-way switching valve (54) is set to the first state (the state shown in (A) of FIG. 2).
- a refrigeration cycle is performed in the refrigerant circuit (50), the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) functions as a radiator, and the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) functions as an evaporator.
- the first air that has flowed into the outside air passageway (34) passes through the second outside air side damper (44), flows into the second heat exchanger chamber (38), and then flows through the second adsorption heat exchanger (52). pass.
- the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) moisture in the first air is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and the heat of adsorption generated at that time is absorbed by the refrigerant.
- the temperature of the primary air drops somewhat in the second adsorption heat exchanger (52).
- the first air dehumidified in the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) flows through the second air supply side damper (46) into the air supply side passageway (31) and passes through the air supply fan chamber (36). Afterwards, the air is supplied to the indoor space through the air supply port (22).
- the second air that has flowed into the inside air side passageway (32) passes through the first inside air side damper (41), flows into the first heat exchanger chamber (37), and then flows through the first adsorption heat exchanger (51). pass.
- the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) moisture is desorbed from the adsorbent heated by the refrigerant, and the desorbed moisture is applied to the secondary air.
- the second air to which moisture has been added in the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) flows through the first exhaust side damper (47) into the exhaust side passageway (33), and after passing through the exhaust fan chamber (35) It is discharged to the outdoor space (201) through the exhaust port (21).
- the switching mechanism (40) sets the air circulation path to the first path. Specifically, the second inside air side damper (42), the first outside air side damper (43), the first intake side damper (45), and the second exhaust side damper (48) are opened to open the first inside air side damper (43). The side damper (41), the second outside air side damper (44), the second intake side damper (46), and the first exhaust side damper (47) are closed.
- the four-way switching valve (54) is set to the second state (the state shown in (B) of FIG. 2).
- a refrigeration cycle is performed in the refrigerant circuit (50), the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) functions as a condenser (radiator), and the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) functions as an evaporator.
- the first air that has flowed into the outside air passageway (34) passes through the first outside air side damper (43), flows into the first heat exchanger chamber (37), and then flows through the first adsorption heat exchanger (51). pass.
- the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) moisture in the first air is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and the heat of adsorption generated at that time is absorbed by the refrigerant.
- the temperature of the first air drops somewhat.
- the first air dehumidified in the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) flows through the first air supply side damper (45) into the air supply side passageway (31) and passes through the air supply fan chamber (36). Afterwards, the air is supplied to the indoor space through the air supply port (22).
- the second air that has flowed into the inside air side passageway (32) passes through the second inside air side damper (42), flows into the second heat exchanger chamber (38), and then flows through the second adsorption heat exchanger (52). pass.
- the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) moisture is desorbed from the adsorbent heated by the refrigerant, and the desorbed moisture is applied to the secondary air.
- the second air added with moisture in the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) flows through the second exhaust side damper (48) into the exhaust side passageway (33), and after passing through the exhaust fan chamber (35) It is discharged to the outdoor space (201) through the exhaust port (21).
- ⁇ Humidification operation> In the humidity control device (10) during humidification operation, outdoor air is sucked into the casing (11) from the outside air intake port (24) as secondary air, and room air is drawn into the casing (11) from the inside air intake port (23). sucked as the primary air into the Further, in the refrigerant circuit (50), the compressor (53) operates to adjust the opening of the electric expansion valve (55).
- the humidity control apparatus (10) during the humidifying operation alternately and repeatedly performs a first humidifying operation and a second humidifying operation, which will be described later. That is, in the humidification operation, the execution time of the first humidification operation is set to several minutes. The execution time of the second humidification operation is set to several minutes.
- the switching mechanism (40) sets the air circulation path to the first path. Specifically, the second inside air side damper (42), the first outside air side damper (43), the first intake side damper (45), and the second exhaust side damper (48) are opened, and the first The inside air side damper (41), the second outside air side damper (44), the second intake side damper (46), and the first exhaust side damper (47) are closed.
- the four-way switching valve (54) is set to the first state (the state shown in (A) of FIG. 2).
- a refrigeration cycle is performed in the refrigerant circuit (50), the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) functions as a condenser (radiator), and the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) functions as an evaporator.
- the first air that has flowed into the inside air side passageway (32) passes through the second inside air side damper (42), flows into the second heat exchanger chamber (38), and then flows through the second adsorption heat exchanger (52). pass.
- the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) moisture in the first air is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and the heat of adsorption generated at that time is absorbed by the refrigerant.
- the first air dehydrated in the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) passes through the second exhaust side damper (48), flows into the exhaust side passageway (33), and passes through the exhaust fan chamber (35). It is discharged to the outdoor space (201) through the exhaust port (21).
- the second air that has flowed into the outside air passageway (34) passes through the first outside air side damper (43), flows into the first heat exchanger chamber (37), and then flows through the first adsorption heat exchanger (51). pass.
- the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) moisture is desorbed from the adsorbent heated by the refrigerant, and the desorbed moisture is applied to the secondary air.
- the temperature of the secondary air rises somewhat in the first adsorption heat exchanger (51).
- the second air humidified in the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) flows through the first air supply side damper (45) into the air supply side passageway (31) and passes through the air supply fan chamber (36). Afterwards, the air is supplied to the indoor space through the air supply port (22).
- the switching mechanism (40) sets the air circulation path to the second path. Specifically, the first inside air side damper (41), the second outside air side damper (44), the second intake side damper (46), and the first exhaust side damper (47) are opened, and the second The inside air side damper (42), the first outside air side damper (43), the first intake side damper (45), and the second exhaust side damper (48) are closed.
- the four-way switching valve (54) is set to the second state (the state shown in (B) of FIG. 2).
- a refrigeration cycle is performed in the refrigerant circuit (50), the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) functions as a condenser (radiator), and the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) functions as an evaporator.
- the first air that has flowed into the inside air side passageway (32) passes through the first inside air side damper (41), flows into the first heat exchanger chamber (37), and then flows through the first adsorption heat exchanger (51). pass.
- the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) moisture in the first air is adsorbed by the adsorbent, and the heat of adsorption generated at that time is absorbed by the refrigerant.
- the first air dehydrated in the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) flows through the first exhaust side damper (47) into the exhaust side passageway (33), and after passing through the exhaust fan chamber (35) It is discharged to the outdoor space (201) through the exhaust port (21).
- the second air that has flowed into the outside air passageway (34) passes through the second outside air side damper (44), flows into the second heat exchanger chamber (38), and then flows through the second adsorption heat exchanger (52). pass.
- the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) moisture is desorbed from the adsorbent heated by the refrigerant, and the desorbed moisture is applied to the secondary air.
- the temperature of the secondary air rises somewhat in the second adsorption heat exchanger (52).
- the second air humidified in the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) flows through the second air supply side damper (46) into the air supply side passageway (31) and passes through the air supply fan chamber (36). Afterwards, the air is supplied to the indoor space through the air supply port (22).
- the heat exchanger (56) carries the adsorbent (57).
- the adsorbent (57) of the present embodiment includes a metal organic framework (hereinafter referred to as flexible MOF) having structural flexibility.
- Flexible MOFs can be manufactured by redesigning the combination of metal ions and organic ligands (for example, those with hydrophilic groups in the ligands), the MOF structure suitable for the target molecule size, the pore size, etc. composed of materials suitable for adsorption of
- the target substance of the flexible MOF of this embodiment is moisture in the air.
- the adsorbent (57) of this embodiment has the property of acidifying water on its surface.
- the hydroxyl groups of the water molecules represented by formula (1) in chemical formula 1 react with the metal ions (M) of the flexible MOF as represented by formula (2).
- (M) is Al or Zn, for example.
- the metal ion (M) functions as a Lewis acid. Due to the reaction of formula (2), the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) has a higher hydrogen ion concentration and a lower pH. As a result, the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) becomes acidic with a relatively low pH.
- the pH of the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) made of flexible MOF was 3.3.
- the generation section of the present embodiment is configured by a heat exchanger (56).
- the heat exchanger (56) is a cooling section that cools air to produce condensed water.
- the heat exchanger (56) functions as an evaporator to cool the air to the dew point temperature or lower.
- the condensed water adheres to the surface of the adsorbent (57).
- water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) becomes acidic as described above.
- the controller (95) causes the heat exchanger (56) to generate dew condensation water from the air (hereinafter referred to as generation operation).
- the controller (95) controls the first The operation and the second operation using the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) as a radiator are alternately performed.
- the controller (95) performs a second operation using the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) as a radiator and a second operation using the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) as an evaporator. and the first operation are alternately executed.
- the controller (95) causes the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) to perform the second operation and the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) to perform the first operation.
- the controller (95) causes the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) to perform the first operation and the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) to perform the second operation.
- the controller (95) causes the production operation to be performed during the respective first operation of each adsorption heat exchanger (56). Specifically, the controller (95) causes the generation operation to be performed during the first operation of the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) in the first dehumidification operation. The controller (95) causes the generating operation to be performed during the first operation of the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) in the second dehumidifying operation.
- the controller (95) executes the generation operation from time t1 to time t2 in the first operation.
- Time t1 corresponds to the end of the first action.
- Time t1 corresponds to time ⁇ T1 before time t2.
- the execution time ( ⁇ T1) of the operation for generating the dehumidifying operation is set to a value obtained by multiplying the execution time of the first operation by ⁇ %.
- ⁇ is determined according to the characteristics (adsorption isotherm) of the adsorbent (57), the operating conditions of the dehumidifying operation, and the like.
- the controller (95) controls the first The operation and the second operation using the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) as a radiator are alternately performed.
- the controller (95) controls the second operation using the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) as a radiator and the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) as an evaporator. and the first operation are alternately executed.
- the controller (95) causes the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) to perform the second operation and the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) to perform the first operation.
- the controller (95) causes the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) to perform the first operation and the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) to perform the second operation.
- the controller (95) causes the production operation to be performed during the respective first operation of each adsorption heat exchanger (56). Specifically, the controller (95) causes the generation operation to be performed during the first operation of the second adsorption heat exchanger (52) in the first humidification operation. The controller (95) causes the generation operation to be performed during the first operation of the first adsorption heat exchanger (51) in the second humidification operation.
- the controller (95) executes the generation operation from time t3 to time t4 in the first operation.
- Time t4 corresponds to the end of the first operation.
- Time t4 corresponds to time ⁇ T2 before time t3.
- the execution time ( ⁇ T2) of the operation for generating the humidification operation is set to a value obtained by multiplying the execution time of the first operation by ⁇ %.
- ⁇ is determined according to the characteristics (adsorption isotherm) of the adsorbent (57), operating conditions for humidification operation, and the like.
- the controller (95) adjusts the temperature of the air flowing through the adsorption heat exchanger (56) to a predetermined temperature higher than the dew point temperature. , controls the evaporation temperature of the adsorption heat exchanger (56) (heat exchanger (57)). The controller (95) controls the evaporation temperature of the heat exchanger (56) by adjusting the rotation speed of the compressor (53).
- the dew point temperature of the air flowing through the adsorption heat exchanger (56) can be obtained from the measured values of the temperature sensor and humidity sensor. Specifically, when outdoor air (OA) is sent to the adsorption heat exchanger (56), the controller (95) outputs the measured value of the outdoor temperature sensor (93) and the measured value of the outdoor humidity sensor (94). Determine the dew point temperature of outdoor air (OA) based on When room air (RA) is sent to the adsorption heat exchanger (56), the controller (95) determines the room air based on the readings of the room air temperature sensor (91) and the room air humidity sensor (92). Find the dew point temperature of (RA).
- the adsorbent (57) adsorbs moisture in the air until the generation operation is performed.
- the controller (95) controls the evaporation temperature of the heat exchanger (57) so that the temperature of the air flowing through the adsorption heat exchanger (56) is below the dew point temperature.
- condensed water is generated from the air.
- the generated condensed water adheres to the surface of the adsorbent (57).
- the adsorbent (57) has the property of acidifying the water on its surface. Therefore, water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) can be acidified, and propagation of microorganisms on the adsorbent (57) can be suppressed.
- FIG. 10 shows the types of microorganisms and the range of pH for growth of those microorganisms.
- the “optimal growth range” is the pH range suitable for the growth of microorganisms. A pH within this range promotes microbial growth.
- a “growth limit range” is a pH range in which microorganisms can grow. Microorganisms cannot survive if the pH is outside this range.
- the adsorbent (57) preferably has the property of making the pH of water on its surface 5 or less. This effectively suppresses the propagation of general bacteria on the surface of the adsorbent (57).
- the adsorbent (57) preferably has the property of making the pH of water on its surface within the range of 2 or more and 4 or less. This effectively suppresses the propagation of mold, yeast, general bacteria, and Spanish flu virus on the surface of the adsorbent (57).
- the adsorbent (57) preferably has the property of making the pH of water on its surface less than 2. As a result, it is possible to suppress the generation of mold, yeast, general bacteria, and Spanish influenza virus on the surface of the adsorbent (57).
- the adsorbent (57) has a property of acidifying water on its surface. Therefore, the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) can be acidified, and propagation of microorganisms can be suppressed. There is no need to provide another device for sterilizing the adsorbent (57), and the adsorption system can be simplified.
- the generating section is the cooling section (heat exchanger (56)) that generates condensed water in the air. Therefore, water can be generated on the surface of the adsorbent (57) without providing a device for supplying water to the adsorbent (57).
- the heat exchanger (56) produces condensed water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) each time the first operation is performed. Therefore, the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) can be maintained acidic, and the propagation of microorganisms can be reliably suppressed.
- the controller (95) executes the generating action immediately before the end of the first action. Therefore, in the first operation, the adsorbent (57) can adsorb sufficient moisture until the generation operation is performed.
- the adsorption part of the embodiment is of a type in which the heat exchanger (56) is provided with the adsorbent (57).
- the adsorption part may be of a rotor type in which the adsorbent (57) is provided on the surface of a rotatable rotor, or in which the adsorbent (57) is provided on the surface of a substrate through which air can pass.
- An adsorption element type may be used.
- a cooling unit for cooling air is arranged upstream of the rotor type or adsorption element type adsorption unit. Water can adhere to the surface of the adsorbent (57) by cooling the air to the dew point temperature or lower by the cooling unit.
- the cooling section does not have to be the heat exchanger (56) that functions as an evaporator.
- the cooling unit may be a heat exchanger through which cold water or brine flows, or may be a thermoelectric element such as a Peltier element.
- the generator may be means for supplying water to the adsorbent (57).
- the generator may have a water pipe and a sprayer for spraying the water flowing through the water pipe onto the adsorbent (57).
- the adsorbent (57) may contain materials other than the metal-organic framework.
- the adsorbent (57) may contain silica gel.
- Silica gel has the property of generating hydrogen ions from silanol groups (--SiOH) as shown in Formula (3) of Chemical Formula 2 in the presence of water around it. Therefore, when water adheres to the surface of the adsorbent (57), this water becomes acidic. Thereby, propagation of microorganisms on the surface of the adsorbent (57) can be suppressed.
- the adsorbent (57) may contain sodium polyacrylate.
- the hydrogen ions of the water molecules represented by formula (4) in chemical formula 3 react with the sodium salt of the carboxyl group (--COONa) as represented by formula (5).
- the hydroxide ion concentration increases.
- the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) becomes alkaline with a relatively high pH.
- fungi, yeast, common bacteria, Spanish cold flu virus, etc. have an optimal pH range for growth and a limit range for growth on the acidic side. Therefore, by making the pH of the water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) alkaline, propagation of microorganisms can be suppressed.
- the adsorbent (57) preferably has the property of making the pH of water on its surface 9 or higher. This can further suppress the propagation of microorganisms on the surface of the adsorbent (57).
- the timing of the generation operation for generating water on the surface of the adsorbent (57) does not necessarily have to be immediately before the end of the first operation.
- the controller (95) may perform the generation operation, for example, at the end of the operation including the dehumidification operation and the humidification operation of the humidity control device (10).
- the controller (95) may perform the generation operation, for example, at the start of the operation including the dehumidification operation and humidification operation of the humidity control device (10).
- the target substance of the adsorbent (57) may be other than water in the air, and may be, for example, carbon dioxide, volatile organic compounds (VOC: Volatile Organic Compounds), or other malodorous substances.
- VOC volatile Organic Compounds
- the present disclosure is useful for adsorption systems.
- Humidity control device (adsorption system) 51 first adsorption heat exchanger (adsorption part) 52 second adsorption heat exchanger (adsorption part) 56 heat exchanger (cooling section, generating section) 57 adsorbent 95 controller (control device)
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Abstract
Description
本発明に係る吸着システムは、調湿装置(10)に適用される。調湿装置(10)は、対象空間の空気の湿度を調節する。対象空間は室内空間である。調湿装置(10)は、空気を除湿する除湿運転と、空気を加湿する加湿運転とを切り換えて行う。調湿装置(10)の対象物質は空気中の水分である。調湿装置(10)は、室内空間の空気の湿度を調節するとともに室内空間の換気を行う。調湿装置(10)は、調湿ユニット(U)と、冷媒回路(50)と、コントローラ(100)とを備える。
調湿ユニット(U)について、図1を参照しながら詳細に説明する。なお、以下の説明で用いる「上」「下」「左」「右」「前」「後」「手前」「奥」は、特にことわらない限り、調湿ユニット(U)を前面側から見た場合の方向を意味している。
図2に示すように、冷媒回路(50)は、第1吸着熱交換器(51)、第2吸着熱交換器(52)、圧縮機(53)、四方切換弁(54)、及び、電動膨張弁(55)が設けられた閉回路である。この冷媒回路(50)は、充填された冷媒を循環させることによって、蒸気圧縮冷凍サイクルを行う。図示しないが、冷媒回路(50)には、複数の温度センサ及び圧力センサが取り付けられている。
図3に示すコントローラ(95)は、調湿ユニット(U)および冷媒回路(50)を制御する制御装置である。コントローラ(95)は、圧縮機(53)、電動膨張弁(55)、四方切換弁(54)、および切換機構(40)と有線または無線で接続される。コントローラ(95)は、内気湿度センサ(92)、内気温度センサ(91)、外気湿度センサ(94)、及び外気温度センサ(93)と有線または無線で接続される。
本実施形態の調湿装置(10)は、除湿運転と、加湿運転と、冷却運転と、加熱運転と、単純換気運転とを行う。除湿運転及び加湿運転は、室内空間へ供給される室外空気の絶対湿度の調節を目的とした調湿運転である。つまり、除湿運転及び加湿運転は、主に室内空間の潜熱負荷(除湿負荷又は加湿負荷)を処理するための運転である。冷却運転及び加熱運転は、室内空間へ供給される室外空気の温度の調節を目的とした顕熱処理運転である。つまり、冷却運転及び加熱運転は、主に室内空間の顕熱負荷(冷房負荷又は暖房負荷)を処理するための運転である。単純換気運転は、室内空間の換気だけを行うための運転である。
除湿運転中の調湿装置(10)では、室外空気が外気吸込口(24)からケーシング(11)内へ第1空気として吸い込まれ、室内空気が内気吸込口(23)からケーシング(11)内へ第2空気として吸い込まれる。冷媒回路(50)では、圧縮機(53)が作動し、電動膨張弁(55)の開度が調節される。除湿運転中の調湿装置(10)は、後述する第1除湿動作と第2除湿動作とを数分間ずつ交互に繰り返し行う。除湿運転では、第1除湿動作の実行時間が数分に設定される。第2除湿動作の実行時間が数分に設定される。
加湿運転中の調湿装置(10)では、室外空気が外気吸込口(24)からケーシング(11)内へ第2空気として吸い込まれ、室内空気が内気吸込口(23)からケーシング(11)内へ第1空気として吸い込まれる。また、冷媒回路(50)では、圧縮機(53)が作動し、電動膨張弁(55)の開度が調節される。そして、加湿運転中の調湿装置(10)は、後述する第1加湿動作と第2加湿動作とを交互に繰り返し行う。つまり、加湿運転では、第1加湿動作の実行時間が数分に設定される。第2加湿動作の実行時間が数分に設定される。
実施形態の特徴について詳細に説明する。
吸着部である吸着熱交換器(51,52)では、熱交換器(56)に吸着材(57)が担持される。本実施形態の吸着材(57)は、構造柔軟性を有する金属有機構造体(以下、フレキシブルMOFという)を含む。フレキシブルMOFは、金属イオンと有機配位子(例えば、配位子に親水基を持つもの)との組み合わせ、対象分子サイズに適するMOF構造、細孔のサイズなどを再デザインすることにより、対象物質の吸着に適した材料に構成される。本実施形態のフレキシブルMOFの対象物質は、空気中の水分である。
本実施形態の生成部は、熱交換器(56)によって構成される。熱交換器(56)は、結露水を生成するように空気を冷却する冷却部である。具体的には、熱交換器(56)は、蒸発器として機能することで、空気を露点温度以下まで冷却する。熱交換器(56)の周囲において結露水が生成すると、結露水が吸着材(57)の表面に付着する。これにより、上述のようにして吸着材(57)の表面の水が酸性になる。
コントローラ(95)は、熱交換器(56)によって空気中から結露水を生成させる動作(以下、生成動作という)を実行させる。
図8に示す調湿装置(10)の除湿運転では、コントローラ(95)は、第2吸着熱交換器(52)を蒸発器とする第1動作と、第2吸着熱交換器(52)を放熱器とする第2動作とを交互に実行させる。調湿装置(10)の除湿運転では、コントローラ(95)は、第1吸着熱交換器(51)を放熱器とする第2動作と、第1吸着熱交換器(51)を蒸発器とする第1動作とを交互に実行させる。言い換えると、第1除湿動作において、コントローラ(95)は、第1吸着熱交換器(51)で第2動作を実行させると同時に第2吸着熱交換器(52)で第1動作を実行させる。第2除湿動作において、コントローラ(95)は、第1吸着熱交換器(51)で第1動作を実行させると同時に第2吸着熱交換器(52)で第2動作を実行させる。
図9に示す調湿装置(10)の加湿運転では、コントローラ(95)は、第2吸着熱交換器(52)を蒸発器とする第1動作と、第2吸着熱交換器(52)を放熱器とする第2動作とを交互に実行させる。調湿装置(10)の加湿運転では、コントローラ(95)は、第1吸着熱交換器(51)を放熱器とする第2動作と、第1吸着熱交換器(51)を蒸発器とする第1動作とを交互に実行させる。言い換えると、第1加湿動作において、コントローラ(95)は、第1吸着熱交換器(51)で第2動作を実行させると同時に第2吸着熱交換器(52)で第1動作を実行させる。第2加湿動作において、コントローラ(95)は、第1吸着熱交換器(51)で第1動作を実行させると同時に第2吸着熱交換器(52)で第2動作を実行させる。
第1動作が開始されると、コントローラ(95)は、吸着熱交換器(56)を流れる空気の温度が露点温度より高い所定温度になるように、吸着熱交換器(56)(熱交換器(57))の蒸発温度を制御する。コントローラ(95)は、圧縮機(53)の回転数を調節することにより、熱交換器(56)の蒸発温度を制御する。
図10は、微生物の種類と、それらの微生物の生育のためのpHの範囲を表している。「生育最適範囲」は、微生物の生育に適したpHの範囲である。pHがこの範囲内にあれば微生物の増殖が促される。「生育限界範囲」は微生物が生育可能なpHの範囲である。pHがこの範囲外にあると、微生物は生存できなくなる。
吸着材(57)は、その表面に水を酸性とする性質を有する。このため、吸着材(57)の表面の水を酸性とすることができ、微生物の繁殖を抑制できる。吸着材(57)を除菌するために他の装置を設ける必要がなく、吸着システムの簡素化を図ることができる。
上述した実施形態は、以下のような変形例の構成であってもよい。
実施形態の吸着部は、熱交換器(56)に吸着材(57)が設けられた方式である。しかし、吸着部は、回転可能なロータの表面に吸着材(57)が設けられたロータ式であってもよいし、空気が通過可能な基材の表面に吸着材(57)が設けられた吸着素子式であってもよい。これらの実施形態では、ロータ式や吸着素子式の吸着部の上流側に、空気を冷却する冷却部を配置する。冷却部によって空気を露点温度以下まで冷却することで、吸着材(57)の表面に水を付着させることができる。
冷却部は、蒸発器として機能する熱交換器(56)でなくてもよい。冷却部は、冷水やブラインなどが流れる熱交換器であってもよいし、ペルチェ素子などの熱電素子であってもよい。
生成部は、吸着材(57)に水を供給する手段であってもよい。例えば生成部は、水配管と、該水配管を流れた水を吸着材(57)に水を噴霧する噴霧器とを有してもよい。
吸着材(57)は、金属有機構造体以外の材料を含んでいてもよい。
吸着材(57)は、シリカゲルを含んでいてもよい。シリカゲルは、周囲に水が存在する状態において化学式2の(3)式に示すように、シラノール基(-SiOH)から水素イオンを生成する性質を有する。このため、吸着材(57)の表面に水が付着すると、この水が酸性となる。これにより、吸着材(57)の表面での微生物の繁殖を抑制できる。
吸着材(57)は、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムを含んでいてもよい。吸着材(57)の表面に水が付着すると、化学式3の(4)式で示す水分子の水素イオンが、(5)式に示すように、カルボキシル基のナトリウム塩(-COONa)と反応し、水酸化物イオン濃度が高くなる。その結果、吸着材(57)の表面の水はpHが比較的高いアルカリ性となる。
吸着材(57)の表面で水を生成する生成動作のタイミングは、必ずしも第1動作中の終了直前でなくてもよい。コントローラ(95)は、例えば調湿装置(10)の除湿運転や加湿運転を含む運転の終了時において、生成動作を実行してもよい。コントローラ(95)は、例えば調湿装置(10)の除湿運転や加湿運転を含む運転の開始時において、生成動作を実行してもよい。
吸着材(57)の対象物質は、空気中の水以外であってもよく、例えば二酸化炭素や揮発性有機化合物(VOC:Volatile Organic Compounds)や他の悪臭物質であってもよい。
51 第1吸着熱交換器(吸着部)
52 第2吸着熱交換器(吸着部)
56 熱交換器(冷却部、生成部)
57 吸着材
95 コントローラ(制御装置)
Claims (11)
- 対象物質を吸着する吸着材(57)を有する吸着部(51,52)と、
前記吸着材(57)の表面に水を生成する生成部(56)とを備え、
前記吸着材(57)は、その表面の水を酸性またはアルカリ性とする性質を有する吸着システム。 - 請求項1の吸着システムにおいて、
前記生成部は、結露水を生成するように空気を冷却する冷却部(56)を含む吸着システム。 - 請求項2の吸着システムにおいて、
前記吸着部(51,52)は、前記吸着材(57)が設けられた熱交換器(56)を有し、
前記冷却部は、蒸発器として機能する前記熱交換器(56)である吸着システム。 - 請求項3の吸着システムにおいて、
前記熱交換器(56)を蒸発器とする第1動作と、前記熱交換器(56)を放熱器とする第2動作とを交互に実行させる制御装置(95)を備え、
前記熱交換器(56)は、前記第1動作中において、前記結露水を生成するように前記空気を冷却する吸着システム。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1つの吸着システムにおいて、
前記吸着材(57)は、ルイス酸によりその表面の水を酸性とする性質を有する吸着システム。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1つの吸着システムにおいて、
前記吸着材(57)は、金属有機構造体を含む吸着システム。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1つの吸着システムにおいて、
前記吸着材(57)は、シリカゲルを含む吸着システム。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1つの吸着システムにおいて、
前記吸着材(57)は、ポリアクリル酸ナトリウムを含む吸着システム。 - 請求項1~4のいずれか1つの吸着システムにおいて、
前記吸着材(57)は、その表面の水のpHを5以下、または9以上とする性質を有する吸着システム。 - 請求項9において、
前記吸着材(57)は、その表面の水のpHを2以上4以下の範囲とする性質を有する吸着システム。 - 請求項9において、
前記吸着材(57)は、その表面のpHを2未満とする性質を有する吸着システム。
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JPH0411948A (ja) * | 1990-04-27 | 1992-01-16 | Hagiwara Giken:Kk | 抗菌性吸水性成形体 |
JP2005283053A (ja) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-13 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 調湿装置 |
JP2008513206A (ja) * | 2004-09-21 | 2008-05-01 | イーストマン コダック カンパニー | ルイス酸有機金属乾燥剤 |
JP2013076476A (ja) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-25 | Daikin Industries Ltd | 調湿装置 |
WO2019187893A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 調湿素子、及びその使用方法 |
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JPH0411948A (ja) * | 1990-04-27 | 1992-01-16 | Hagiwara Giken:Kk | 抗菌性吸水性成形体 |
JP2005283053A (ja) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-13 | Daikin Ind Ltd | 調湿装置 |
JP2008513206A (ja) * | 2004-09-21 | 2008-05-01 | イーストマン コダック カンパニー | ルイス酸有機金属乾燥剤 |
JP2013076476A (ja) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-25 | Daikin Industries Ltd | 調湿装置 |
WO2019187893A1 (ja) * | 2018-03-29 | 2019-10-03 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | 調湿素子、及びその使用方法 |
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