WO2022190479A1 - 物品搬送ロボットシステムおよび物品載置棚 - Google Patents
物品搬送ロボットシステムおよび物品載置棚 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2022190479A1 WO2022190479A1 PCT/JP2021/043761 JP2021043761W WO2022190479A1 WO 2022190479 A1 WO2022190479 A1 WO 2022190479A1 JP 2021043761 W JP2021043761 W JP 2021043761W WO 2022190479 A1 WO2022190479 A1 WO 2022190479A1
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- article
- shelf
- robot hand
- box
- plate
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- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 210000000078 claw Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J13/00—Controls for manipulators
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25J—MANIPULATORS; CHAMBERS PROVIDED WITH MANIPULATION DEVICES
- B25J19/00—Accessories fitted to manipulators, e.g. for monitoring, for viewing; Safety devices combined with or specially adapted for use in connection with manipulators
Definitions
- the present invention relates to an article transport robot system and an article placement shelf.
- banknote storage containers are manually placed at the entrance of the system after being placed on a mobile shelf with wheels and delivered to the system installation location by hand. Since the banknote storage container in which banknotes are stored usually weighs 3 to 4 kg, the operation of removing the banknote storage container from the movable shelf is relatively severe. In addition, at present, the operation of reloading empty banknote storage containers onto the above-mentioned mobile shelf is also performed manually, and this operation is also relatively severe. For this reason, recently, there have been requests for automation of such loading and unloading operations by using robots.
- An object of the present invention is to provide an article transport robot system that can automatically perform at least one of the work of unloading articles such as boxes placed on a shelf and the work of loading articles such as boxes onto a shelf. is to provide
- An article transport robot system comprises a robot hand and an article placement shelf.
- the term "system” used herein means a set of devices used for transporting articles (robot arms with robot hands, etc.) and shelves (article placement shelves, etc.). Further, the robot hand is attached to a transport device such as a robot arm, and is movable in a three-dimensional space by such a transport device.
- a robot hand has a grasping part. The gripper grips an article.
- the article placement shelf is for placing articles. The article is placed (stored) on the article placement shelf manually or by a robot hand, or pulled out or pushed out by the robot hand while placed on the article placement shelf.
- the robot hand is linearly movable with respect to the article placement shelf.
- this robot hand is configured to linearly move to pull out or push out an article from an article mounting shelf, or to linearly move to store an article in the article mounting shelf.
- the article placement shelf has shelf boards and guide walls. Articles are placed on the shelf board. The guide wall guides the robot hand during linear motion.
- this article transport robot system it is possible to automatically and smoothly perform the work of unloading an article placed on an article placing shelf or the work of loading an article onto a shelf.
- An article transport robot system includes an extrusion section and an article placement shelf.
- the term "system” used herein means a set of devices used for transporting articles (eg, a robot arm with a pushing section) and shelves (eg, article placement shelves).
- the extrusion part is attached to a transport device such as a robot arm, and is movable in a three-dimensional space by such a transport device.
- the pusher pushes out the article.
- the article placement shelf is for placing articles. The article is placed (accommodated) on the article placement shelf manually or by the pushing section, or pushed out by the pushing section while placed on the article placing shelf.
- the pushing section is linearly movable with respect to the article placement shelf.
- the pushing section is configured to linearly move to push out an article from the article mounting shelf or to linearly move to store the article in the article mounting shelf.
- the article placement shelf has shelf boards and guide walls. Articles are placed on the shelf board.
- the guide wall guides the extruder in linear motion.
- this article transport robot system it is possible to automatically and smoothly perform the work of unloading an article placed on an article placing shelf or the work of loading an article onto a shelf.
- An article placing shelf places an article to be carried by a carrying device comprising a robot hand having a gripping part that can move linearly, and a moving mechanism for moving the robot hand. It is an article placing shelf.
- This article placement shelf has shelf plates and guide walls. A plurality of guide walls extend upward from the upper surface of the shelf or extend downward from the lower surface of the shelf. These guide walls are arranged parallel to each other.
- this article placement shelf allows the robot hand to smoothly load and unload articles.
- the article placement shelf according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the article placement shelf according to the third aspect, wherein the article has a protrusion extending in the width direction. Also, the guide walls are installed at intervals that do not come into contact with the protrusions.
- this article placement shelf allows the robot hand to smoothly load and unload articles even if they have protrusions.
- FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a robot hand of a box-conveying robot system according to an embodiment of the present invention, as viewed diagonally from the upper left on the front side;
- FIG. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the robot hand of the box-conveying robot system according to the embodiment of the present invention when viewed obliquely from the upper right on the back side;
- FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a robot hand of the box-conveying robot system according to the embodiment of the present invention when viewed obliquely from the lower right side of the front side;
- FIG. 4 is a left side view of a robot hand of the box-conveying robot system according to the embodiment of the present invention
- 1 is a front view of a robot hand of a box-conveying robot system according to an embodiment of the present invention
- FIG. FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line II of FIG. 5
- FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. 5
- FIG. 4 is a left side view of the robot hand of the box-conveying robot system according to the embodiment of the present invention, showing a state in which the articulated telescopic link mechanism is extended;
- FIG. 4 is a left side view of the robot hand of the box-conveying robot system according to the embodiment of the present invention, in which the articulated telescopic link mechanism is fully extended;
- FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a detachable spiral spring unit of a robot hand of the box-conveying robot system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
- 1 is a front view of a mobile rack of a box-conveying robot system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
- FIG. FIG. 4 is a right side view of the mobile shelf of the box-conveying robot system according to the embodiment of the present invention;
- 12 is an enlarged view of the enclosing portion X of FIG. 11;
- FIG. 11 is an image diagram showing the overall configuration of a box-conveying robot system according to a modified example (L);
- FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a robot arm and a pushing section of a box-conveying robot system according to a modified example (L);
- the box body transport robot system is used for unloading the box bodies Bx with handles placed on the mobile shelf 200 or for loading the box bodies Bx with handles onto the mobile shelf 200. It is mainly composed of a robot hand 100, a robot arm RA, a controller and a mobile shelf 200. These constituent elements are described in detail below.
- Robot Hand 100 As shown in FIGS. It consists of a plate 170 and a distance sensor 180 . These constituent elements are described in detail below.
- the electric motor 110 is an electric motor capable of forward and reverse rotation, and is attached to the ball screw 115 so that its rotation axis coincides with the rotation axis of the ball screw 115 . That is, the ball screw 115 can switch the sliding direction of a horizontal slider (described later) SH by switching the rotating direction of the electric motor 110 .
- a load detection device (not shown) is connected to the electric motor 110 in this embodiment, and the load of the electric motor 110 is detected by the load detection device.
- the frame 120 mainly consists of a top plate 121, a bottom plate 122, a rear plate 123, a rear side plate 124 and a front side L-shaped plate 125, as shown in FIGS. These constituent elements are described in detail below.
- the top plate 121 is a substantially rectangular plate member and covers the upper side of the robot hand 100 as shown in FIG.
- the electric motor 110 is fixed to the lower front portion of the top plate 121 so that the rotating shaft extends toward the rear end.
- a metal fitting 128 for attaching a robot arm is mounted slightly behind the central position of the top plate 121 in the longitudinal direction.
- a ball screw 115 is arranged on the back side (lower surface side) of the top plate 121 .
- the bottom plate 122 is a substantially rectangular plate member and covers the lower side of the robot hand 100 as shown in FIG.
- a front portion 122A (see FIGS. 1 and 3) of the bottom plate 122 functions as a table for placing articles.
- a rectangular opening OP is formed in the approximate center of the bottom plate 122 .
- This opening OP is sized so that the detachable mainspring unit 150 can be attached.
- support claws 122B are provided at the edges on both sides of the opening OP of the bottom plate 122.
- the support claw 122B detachably supports the shaft 153 of the detachable spiral spring unit 150.
- a pair of left and right legs LG are attached to the front and rear ends of the back side of the bottom plate 122, respectively, and a sensor mounting plate 170 is attached to the back side of the bottom plate 122 slightly behind the opening OP.
- the back plate 123 is a substantially rectangular plate member as shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, and covers the back side of the robot hand 100.
- a rear vertical rail RVr and a rear support protrusion 123A are formed on the front surface of the rear plate 123.
- a rear vertical slider SVr is attached to the rear vertical rail RVr so as to be vertically slidable.
- the rear support protrusion 123A is a protrusion extending forward from the front surface of the rear plate 123.
- the second joint K2 is rotatably attached to the rear support protrusion 123A at the proximal end thereof by means of the fourth link pin P4.
- the rear side plates 124 function as supports for supporting the top plate 121 and the bottom plate 122, and are provided in a left and right pair behind the rear plate 123 as shown in FIGS.
- the front side L-shaped plate 125 is a plate member having a substantially L shape when viewed from the side, and covers the side surface of the front end of the robot hand 100 as shown in FIGS.
- the front side L-shaped plate 125 is mainly formed of a vertical side wall portion 125A and a horizontal side wall portion 125B.
- the vertical side wall portion 125A like the rear side plate 124, functions as a support for supporting the top plate 121 and the bottom plate 122.
- the horizontal side wall portion 125B is a side wall of the front portion 122A of the bottom plate 122 as shown in FIG. 1 etc., and functions as a guide wall that guides the suction head unit 140 forward.
- the guide roller 145 of the suction head unit 140 contacts the inner surface of the horizontal side wall portion 125B and guides the suction head unit 140 forward while rolling. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 and the like, the front portion of the horizontal side wall portion 125B opens slightly outward in the width direction. This is to make it easier for the suction head unit 140 to receive the article that is drawn.
- the link mechanism 130 is, for example, an extendable rage tongue type link mechanism used for magic hands, etc.
- the link mechanism 130 is, for example, an extendable rage tongue type link mechanism used for magic hands, etc.
- FIGS. Link consists of K1-14, 21 link pins P1-23, rear vertical slider SVr and horizontal slider SH. These constituent elements are described in detail below.
- the joints (links) K1-14 are plate-bar-shaped members, and the link pins P1-23 are members that form the link mechanism 130 by pivotally supporting the base ends, central parts, and tip ends of the joints K1-14.
- the structure composed only of the joints (links) K1-14 and the link pins P1-23 may be referred to as a telescopic structure. Also, in this figure, this telescopic structure is indicated by the symbol KP.
- the first joint K1 is rotatably attached to the rear vertical slider SVr at the proximal end by the first link pin P1 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.).
- the first joint K1 is rotatably attached to the center of the second joint K2 by the second link pin P2, and is attached to the fourth joint K4 by the third link pin P3.
- the horizontal slider SH is connected to the third link pin P3.
- the second joint K2 is rotatably attached to the rear side support protrusion 123A at the proximal end by the fourth link pin P4 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.).
- the second joint K2 is rotatably attached to the central portion of the first joint K1 by a second link pin P2, and is attached to the third joint K3 by a fifth link pin P5. is rotatably attached to the proximal end of the (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.).
- the third joint K3 is rotatably attached at its proximal end to the distal end of the second joint K2 by means of a fifth link pin P5, and is attached centrally to the fourth joint K4 by means of a sixth link pin P6. , and is rotatably attached to the base end of the sixth joint K6 at the distal end by the seventh link pin P7 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the fourth joint K4 is rotatably attached at its proximal end to the distal end of the first joint K1 by means of a third link pin P3, and is attached to the center of the third joint K3 by means of a sixth link pin P6. and is rotatably attached to the base end of the fifth joint K5 at the distal end by the eighth link pin P8 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the fifth joint K5 is rotatably attached to the distal end of the fourth joint K4 at its proximal end by an eighth link pin P8, and is attached to the center of the sixth joint K6 by a ninth link pin P9. and is rotatably attached to the base end of the eighth joint K8 at the distal end by a tenth link pin P10 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the sixth joint K6 is rotatably attached at its proximal end to the distal end of the third joint K3 by means of a seventh link pin P7, and is attached centrally to the fifth joint K5 by means of a ninth link pin P9. and is rotatably attached to the base end of the seventh joint K7 at the distal end by the eleventh link pin P11 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the seventh joint K7 is rotatably attached at its proximal end to the distal end of the sixth joint K6 by means of the eleventh link pin P11, and is attached centrally to the eighth joint K8 by means of the twelfth link pin P12. , and is rotatably attached to the base end of the tenth joint K10 at the distal end by the thirteenth link pin P13 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the eighth joint K8 is rotatably attached at its proximal end to the distal end of the fifth joint K5 by a tenth link pin P10, and is attached centrally to the seventh joint K7 by a twelfth link pin P12. and is rotatably attached to the proximal end of the ninth joint K9 at the distal end by the fourteenth link pin P14 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the ninth joint K9 is rotatably attached at its proximal end to the distal end of the eighth joint K8 by means of a 14th link pin P14, and is attached centrally to the tenth joint K10 by means of a 15th link pin P15. is rotatably attached to the part, and is rotatably attached to the proximal end of the 12th joint K12 at the distal end by the 16th link pin P16 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the tenth joint K10 is rotatably attached at its proximal end to the distal end of the seventh joint K7 by means of a thirteenth link pin P13, and is attached centrally to the ninth joint K9 by means of a fifteenth link pin P15. is rotatably attached to the part, and is rotatably attached to the base end of the 11th joint K11 at the distal end by the 17th link pin P17 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the 11th joint K11 is rotatably attached to the distal end of the 10th joint K10 at its proximal end by a 17th link pin P17, and is attached centrally to the 12th joint K12 by an 18th link pin P18. is rotatably attached to the part, and is rotatably attached to the base end of the 14th joint K14 at the distal end by the 19th link pin P19 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the 12th joint K12 is rotatably attached to the distal end of the 9th joint K9 at its proximal end by a 16th link pin P16, and is attached centrally to the 11th joint K11 by an 18th link pin P18. is rotatably attached to the part, and is rotatably attached to the base end of the 13th joint K13 at the distal end by the 20th link pin P20 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.). .
- the 13th joint K13 is rotatably attached at its proximal end to the distal end of the 12th joint K12 by means of a 20th link pin P20, and is attached to the center of the 14th joint K14 by means of a 21st link pin P21. It is attached so as to be rotatable with respect to the part (see FIGS. 6 and 7, etc.). Also, the 13th joint K13 is rotatably attached to the front side support protrusion 146 of the suction head unit 140 at the tip by the 22nd link pin P22 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.).
- the 14th joint K14 is rotatably attached at its proximal end to the distal end of the 11th joint K11 by means of a 19th link pin P19, and is attached centrally to the 13th joint K13 by means of a 21st link pin P21. It is attached so as to be rotatable with respect to the part (see FIGS. 6 and 7, etc.). Also, the 14th joint K14 is rotatably attached to the front vertical slider SVf of the suction head unit 140 at its tip by means of the 23rd link pin P23 (see FIGS. 6 to 9, etc.).
- the 14 nodes K1 to 14 are arranged on a virtual vertical plane Fp (see FIG. 5.
- the vertical plane Fp is a plane that overlaps the II cross section of FIG. ) will move along a virtual plane parallel to
- the rear vertical slider SVr can slide vertically on the rear vertical rail RVr of the back plate 123 (see FIGS. 6 and 7, etc.).
- the rear vertical slider SVr rises as the horizontal slider SH advances and descends as the horizontal slider SH retreats.
- the horizontal slider SH meshes with the ball screw 115, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, and moves forward when the ball screw 115 rotates forward, and retreats when the ball screw 115 rotates backward. Further, this horizontal slider SH is connected to the third link pin P3 as shown in FIGS. That is, the expansion/contraction structure KP expands/contracts as the horizontal slider SH moves back and forth.
- the suction head unit 140 mainly includes a front panel 141, a support plate 142, a suction pad unit 143, wheels 144, guide rollers 145, and a front vertical rail RVf. , a front vertical slider SVf and a front support protrusion 146. As shown in FIG. These constituent elements are described in detail below.
- the front panel 141 is a plate member having an inverted convex shape when viewed from the front, and is mainly composed of a main plate portion 141a and a lower projection portion 141b.
- the main plate portion 141a is a substantially rectangular plate portion when viewed from the front as shown in FIG.
- three suction pads 143b are fixed to the left and right ends of the lower portion of the main plate portion 141a when viewed from the front.
- the distance between the left and right suction pads 143b is such that the handle TO of the box Bx with the handle does not overlap with the handle TO when the handle TO is oriented in the vertical direction.
- a front support projection 146 extends rearward from the upper portion of the back side surface of the main plate portion 141a. Further, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, support plates 142 extend rearward from both ends in the width direction of the rear side surface of the main plate portion 141a. Further, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a front vertical rail RVf is arranged along the vertical direction on the rear side surface of the main plate portion 141a. As shown in FIG. 5, the lower projecting portion 141b is a substantially square plate portion when viewed from the front, and extends downward from the center of the lower side of the main plate portion 141a. A fastening block 154 of the detachable spiral spring unit 150 is screwed to the lower protrusion 141b. The screw used at this time is a detachable screw.
- the support plate 142 is a plate member for supporting the piping unit 143a of the suction pad unit 143 as shown in FIGS. It extends rearward from both ends of the direction.
- a pair of wheels 144 are pivotally supported on the front lower portion of the support plate 142 .
- the suction pad unit 143 is mainly composed of a piping unit 143a, a suction pad 143b and an elastic connecting pipe 143c.
- the piping unit 143a is composed of one main pipe MP and three branch pipes BP.
- the main pipe MP communicates with all three branch pipes BP.
- a flexible tube 160 is joined to the main pipe MP on the proximal end side, and an elastic connecting pipe 143c is joined to each branch pipe BP.
- a suction pad 143b is joined to the tip side of each elastic connecting pipe 143c.
- An elastic portion such as a coil spring is provided in the elastic connecting pipe 143c. The elastic portion urges the distal end portion of the elastic connecting tube 143c forward.
- the suction pad 143b is urged forward through the tip of the elastic connecting tube 143c. Therefore, when the suction pad 143b comes into contact with an article and a load is applied to the suction pad 143b, the distal end portion of the elastic connecting pipe 143c and the suction pad 143b are slightly retracted against the elastic force of the elastic portion, and the load is applied. When the force is no longer applied, it returns to its original position due to the elastic force of the elastic portion.
- the suction pad 143b is a stretchable member made of a flexible material.
- the wheels 144 are pivotally supported on the lower front side of the support plate 142 as described above. That is, the rotation axis of this wheel 144 is along the direction parallel to the width direction.
- the wheel 144 rolls on the upper surface of the front portion 122A of the bottom plate 122 of the frame 120, and rolls on the shelf plate 220 of the movable shelf 200 after passing the front end of the front portion 122A of the bottom plate 122 of the frame 120.
- the guide roller 145 is a columnar rotating body whose rotation axis is in the vertical direction. lead to Further, the guide roller 145 guides the suction head unit 140 forward while rolling in contact with the inner surface of the guide plate Wv of the movable shelf 200 .
- the front vertical rail RVf extends vertically along the back side of the front panel 141, as shown in FIGS.
- a front vertical slider SVf is attached to the front vertical rail RVf so as to be vertically slidable (see FIGS. 6 and 7).
- the front vertical slider SVf can slide vertically on the front vertical rail RVf.
- the front vertical slider SVf rises as the horizontal slider SH advances and descends as the horizontal slider SH retreats. Further, as described above, the front vertical slider SVf has the 14th joint K14 rotatably attached to the front end by the 23rd link pin P23.
- the front support protrusion 146 is a protrusion extending rearward from the back surface of the front panel 141 . As described above, the 13th joint K13 is rotatably attached to the front end support projection 146 by the 22nd link pin P22.
- the detachable mainspring unit 150 mainly consists of a mainspring 151, a holder 152, a shaft 153 and a fastening block 154, as shown in FIG.
- the spiral spring 151 has existed from before and is biased so as to wind around the holder 152 . That is, after the spiral spring 151 is extended by the human hand, the spiral spring 151 winds around the holder 152 due to its urging force when the human hand is released.
- the holder 152 is a cylindrical holding member (bobbin) that holds one end of the spiral spring 151 .
- the shaft 153 extends in both directions of the holder 152 along the axial direction of the holder 152 as shown in FIG.
- the shaft 153 is detachably supported by the support claws 122B shown in FIG. 3, as described above.
- the fastening block 154 is a member for fixing the other end of the spiral spring 151 to the lower projection 141b of the front panel 141 of the suction head unit 140. It is screwed to the side protrusion 141b.
- the flexible tube 160 is joined to the outlet side of the original pipe SP as shown in FIGS. attached to the side. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a pipe port MS is joined to the inlet of the original pipe SP, and the pipe port MS is provided at the rear end of the top plate 121 of the frame 120. . 8 and 9, the flexible tube 160 has a sufficient length to accommodate even the link mechanism 130 in its most extended state.
- the sensor mounting plate 170 is mounted on the back side slightly behind the opening OP of the bottom plate 122 of the frame 120, and holds the distance sensors 180 on both ends thereof.
- the distance sensor 180 is a sensor that detects the distance to an object positioned on the front side, and is held on both end sides of the sensor mounting plate 170 as described above.
- Robot Arm RA is not particularly limited, but is, for example, an existing six-axis robot arm or the like (see FIGS. 14 and 15).
- Control Device is connected to the robot hand 100 and the robot arm RA for communication, sends control signals to the robot hand 100 and the robot arm RA, and receives various signals from the robot hand 100 and the robot arm RA. ing.
- this control device is connected to the electric motor 110 of the robot hand 100 and the decompression pump, and controls the rotation direction of the electric motor 110 and the start/stop of the decompression pump.
- the mobile shelf 200 is for storing the box body Bx with a handle, and as shown in Figs. 220, a guide plate Wv and wheels Tr. These constituent elements are described in detail below.
- the bottom wall 210 and the top wall 230 are rectangular plate members having the same dimensions, as shown in FIGS.
- a box Bx with a handle can be placed on the bottom wall 210 .
- the struts 240 are for supporting the ceiling wall 230 and extend from the four corners of the upper surface of the bottom wall 210 to the four corners of the lower surface of the ceiling wall 230, as shown in FIGS.
- the partition wall 250 is a wall for dividing the space surrounded by the bottom wall 210, the top wall 230 and the struts 240 into two in the width direction. It extends from the widthwise central portion to the widthwise central portion of the top wall 230 .
- the shelf board 220 is for placing the box body Bx with a handle, and as shown in FIGS. It is a rectangular plate member having a width dimension about half that of the ceiling wall 230 . As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the shelf board 220 divides each of the two spaces surrounded by the bottom wall 210, the top wall 230, the support 240 and the partition wall 250 into six in the height direction. In other words, five shelves 220 are arranged in two spaces surrounded by the bottom wall 210, the top wall 230, the support 240 and the partition wall 250, as shown in FIGS.
- the guide plate Wv guides the suction head unit 140 of the robot hand 100 to the back and front of the movable shelf 200. As shown in FIG. Each of the 12 spaces surrounded by the partition wall 250 and the shelf board 220 has 6 of them. 11 to 13, the guide plate Wv is composed of a front guide plate Wv1 and a rear guide plate Wv2. As shown in FIGS. 11 to 13, the front guide plate Wv1 is a substantially rectangular wall member extending vertically upward from the front portions of the top surfaces of the bottom wall 210 and the shelf plate 220. The guide plate Wv1 and the front guide plate Wv1 are arranged along the depth direction so as to be parallel to each other. As shown in FIG.
- the rear guide plate Wv2 is a substantially rectangular wall member extending vertically upward from the rear portion of the upper surface of the bottom wall 210 and the shelf plate 220. Wv2 and the rear guide plate Wv2 are arranged along the depth direction so as to be parallel to each other. As shown in FIG. 12, the front guide plate Wv1 and the rear guide plate Wv2 are spaced apart by a constant distance so that a gap Wv3 is formed between the front guide plate Wv1 and the rear guide plate Wv2. .
- the guide plates Wv are arranged at intervals so as not to come into contact with projections Pr (described later) formed on the box body Bx with handles. That is, as shown in FIGS. 11 and 13, the width dimension between the adjacent guide plates Wv is designed to be larger than the width dimension of the handle-equipped box body Bx including the protrusion Pr. It is
- the wheels Tr are conventional casters or the like, and are attached to the four corners of the lower surface of the bottom wall 210 as shown in FIGS. 11 and 12 .
- This movable rack 200 is movable by wheels Tr.
- this movable shelf 200 is not provided with a front wall and a back wall. Therefore, in this mobile shelf 200, the box bodies Bx with handles can be placed on the bottom wall 210 and the shelf board 220 not only from the front side but also from the rear side.
- the handle-equipped box body Bx has a substantially rectangular parallelepiped shape and is formed of a bottom wall, a top wall, a front wall, a back wall, a right side wall and a left side wall.
- the bottom wall and top wall are rectangular plate members having the same dimensions.
- the front wall is a portion forming the front surface of the box Bx with a handle, and extends from the front end of the bottom wall to the front end of the top wall.
- a handle TO is attached to the front wall.
- the back wall is a portion forming the back of the box Bx with a handle, and extends from the rear end of the bottom wall to the rear end of the top wall.
- the right wall is a rectangular part forming the right side of the box Bx with a handle, and extends from the right end of the bottom wall to the right end of the top wall.
- the left side wall is a rectangular portion forming the left side of the box Bx with a handle, and extends from the left end of the bottom wall to the left end of the top wall.
- the handle-equipped box body Bx is formed with protrusions Pr extending outward (in the width direction) from the right side wall and the left side wall. The lower end of the protrusion Pr is positioned below the upper end of the guide plate Wv of the movable shelf 200 as shown in FIGS. , so as to overlap the guide plate Wv).
- Example of control of robot hand, robot arm, and control device when pulling out a box with a handle from a mobile shelf First, the user of the box body transfer robot system fixes the mobile shelf 200 at a specified position in a specified orientation. After that, the robot hand 100, the robot arm RA and the controller are operated. When the robot hand 100, the robot arm RA, and the control device start to operate, the robot hand 100 waiting at the initial position is lifted to a prescribed height position and moved to a width direction position by the robot arm RA. While being moved, the front of the robot hand 100 is controlled to face the front of the movable shelf 200 and the configuration plane (virtual vertical plane Fp) of the telescopic structure KP is parallel to the vertical direction.
- the configuration plane (virtual vertical plane Fp) of the telescopic structure KP is parallel to the vertical direction.
- the pair of distance sensors 180 provided in the robot hand 100 detect the adjacent guide plates Wv and Wv (adjacent front guide plate Wv1 and front guide plate Wv1, or adjacent rear guide plate Wv2 and rear guide plate Wv2). It faces the guide plate Wv2).
- the posture of the robot hand 100 is controlled by the robot arm RA so that the difference between the detected distances of the pair of distance sensors 180 falls within the allowable range (ideally, the difference between the detected distances becomes 0) ( At this time, the robot hand 100 is almost facing the adjacent guide plates Wv.).
- the electric motor 110 of the robot hand 100 starts operating, and the link mechanism 130 extends.
- the guide rollers 145 move the suction head unit 140 along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200 while contacting the adjacent guide plates Wv. It leads to the depths of the shelf 200 .
- the wheels 144 roll on the bottom wall 210 of the movable shelf 200 or the shelf plate 220 . Then, when the load of the electric motor 110 detected by the load detection device exceeds the threshold value, the electric motor 110 is temporarily stopped and the decompression pump is operated to suck the handle-equipped box body Bx with the suction pad 143b.
- the robot hand 100 is finally returned to the initial state (contracted state).
- the handle-equipped box Bx is placed on the front portion 122A of the bottom plate 122 of the robot hand 100 (that is, the handle-equipped box Bx is pulled out from the movable shelf 200).
- the robot arm RA moves the robot hand 100 to the transfer destination (for example, the starting position of the belt conveyor).
- the transfer destination for example, the starting position of the belt conveyor.
- the front face of the robot hand 100 faces the front wall of the box Bx with the handle placed at the receiver of the box
- the front portion 122A of the bottom plate 122 of the robot hand 100 has the handle.
- the robot hand 100 is moved by the robot arm RA so that the front portion 122A of the bottom plate 122 of the robot hand 100 and the bottom wall of the handle-equipped box Bx come into contact with each other when the box Bx is placed.
- the electric motor 110 of the robot hand 100 starts to operate, and the link mechanism 130 extends.
- the electric motor 110 is temporarily stopped and the decompression pump is operated so that the handle-equipped box Bx is adsorbed by the suction pad 143b. After that, the electric motor 110 is reversed to contract the link mechanism 130 and return it to the initial state (contracted state). At this time, the handle-equipped box Bx is placed on the front portion 122A of the bottom plate 122 of the robot hand 100 . In this state, the robot arm RA moves the robot hand 100 to the movable rack 200. As shown in FIG.
- the front face of the robot hand 100 faces the front face of the movable shelf 200, and the telescopic structure is provided. Attitude control is performed so that the configuration plane (virtual vertical plane Fp) of the body KP is parallel to the vertical direction.
- the pair of distance sensors 180 provided in the robot hand 100 detect the adjacent guide plates Wv and Wv (adjacent front guide plate Wv1 and front guide plate Wv1, or adjacent rear guide plate Wv2 and rear guide plate Wv2). It faces the guide plate Wv2).
- the posture of the robot hand 100 is controlled by the robot arm RA so that the difference between the detected distances of the pair of distance sensors 180 falls within the allowable range (ideally, the difference between the detected distances becomes 0) ( At this time, the robot hand 100 is almost facing the adjacent guide plates Wv.).
- the electric motor 110 of the robot hand 100 starts operating, and the link mechanism 130 extends.
- the guide roller 145 moves along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200 while being in contact with the adjacent guide plates Wv and Wv.
- the suction head unit 140 and the handle-equipped box body Bx are guided to the back of the movable shelf 200 .
- the wheels 144 roll on the bottom wall 210 of the movable shelf 200 or the shelf board 220 .
- the electric motor 110 is temporarily stopped and the decompression pump is stopped to release the box Bx with the handle from the suction pad 143b.
- the handle-equipped box body Bx can be accommodated in the movable shelf 200.
- the guide roller 145 moves along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200 while contacting the adjacent guide plates Wv and Wv. to the front of the mobile shelf 200.
- the robot hand 100 is returned to the initial state (contracted state), and the robot hand 100 is moved to the initial position by the robot arm RA.
- All the operations of the robot arm RA and the robot hand 100 described above are realized by a control device that is communicatively connected to the robot arm RA and the robot hand 100.
- the mobile shelf 200 includes a bottom wall 210 and a shelf board 220 for placing the box Bx with a handle, and a suction head unit 140 of the robot hand 100. It has a guide plate Wv for leading to the back and front of the.
- the guide plate Wv extends vertically upward from the upper surfaces of the bottom wall 210 and the shelf plate 220, and is arranged along the depth direction so that adjacent guide plates Wv are parallel to each other.
- the robot hand 100 sucks the handle-equipped box body Bx placed on the movable shelf 200 with the suction pad 143b
- the robot hand 100 rotates the electric motor 110 in the reverse direction to contract the link mechanism 130, thereby moving the adjacent guide plate Wv and the guide plate Wv.
- the suction head unit 140 can be guided in front of the movable shelf 200 along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200, and the box body Bx with the handle can be pulled out from the movable shelf 200.
- the robot hand 100 operates the electric motor 110 to extend the link mechanism 130 with the handle-equipped box body Bx placed on the front portion 122A of the bottom plate 122 of the robot hand 100, thereby guiding the adjacent guide plate Wv. While the guide roller 145 is in contact with the plate Wv, the suction head unit 140 and the handle-equipped box body Bx are guided to the depth of the movable shelf 200 along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200, and the handle-equipped box body Bx is guided from the suction pad 143b. can be released to store the box body Bx with the handle on the movable shelf 200.
- the guide plates Wv of the mobile shelf 200 are arranged at such intervals that they do not come into contact with the projections Pr of the boxes with handles Bx. Therefore, by using this box-conveying robot system, it is possible to allow the robot hand 100 to smoothly load and unload the box Bx with the handle, even if the box Bx has the protrusion Pr. can.
- the robot hand 100 was connected to the robot arm RA in the box-conveying robot system according to the previous embodiment, the robot hand 100 may be connected to a frame-type movement mechanism. Further, the robot hand 100 may be attached so that the configuration plane (virtual vertical plane Fp) of the telescopic structure KP is always parallel to the vertical direction.
- the configuration plane virtual vertical plane Fp
- the robot hand 100 of the box-conveying robot system employs an electric motor 110 as a drive source and a mechanism comprising a ball screw 115 and a horizontal slider SH as a mechanism for realizing expansion and contraction of the telescopic structure KP.
- an air cylinder, a hydraulic cylinder, or the like may be employed as the drive source and expansion mechanism, or
- an electric motor may be employed as the drive source and a rack may be employed as a mechanism for realizing expansion and contraction of the expansion structure KP.
- Zip Chain Actuator registered trademark manufactured by Tsubakimoto Chain Co., Ltd.
- an electric motor may be employed as a drive source, and a ROLLBEAM manufactured by SERAPID may be employed as a mechanism for realizing expansion and contraction of the expansion structure KP.
- the detachable mainspring unit 150 is provided for the purpose of returning the stretched telescopic structure KP to the initial contracted state.
- a coil spring may be employed, or
- a mechanism consisting of an electric motor, wires, a clutch, or the like may be employed as other means for achieving the above. In such a case, the wire is let out when the telescopic structure KP is extended, and the wire is wound by the electric motor when the telescopic structure KP is contracted.
- the suction pad unit 143 is adopted as a gripping means for the article.
- a chuck unit or the like may be employed.
- the electric motor 110, the front-side support protrusion 146, and the rear-side support protrusion 123A were arranged on the upper side, but the electric motor 110 and the front-side support protrusion 146 And the rear support protrusion 123A may be arranged on the lower side (for example, the lower side of the bottom plate 122, etc.).
- the initial positions of the front vertical slider SVf and the rear vertical slider SVr are the upper end positions of the front vertical rail RVf and the rear vertical rail RVr.
- the vertical slider SVr descends as the horizontal slider SH advances, and ascends as the horizontal slider SH retreats.
- the space surrounded by the bottom wall 210, the top wall 230, and the struts 240 was partitioned into two in the width direction by the partition wall 250. may not be provided. In such a case, the space surrounded by the bottom wall 210, the top wall 230 and the struts 240 is not partitioned in the width direction. Alternatively, two or more partition walls 250 may be provided. In such a case, the space surrounded by the bottom wall 210, the top wall 230 and the strut 240 is partitioned into three or more in the width direction.
- the guide plate Wv extends upward along the vertical direction from the upper surfaces of the bottom wall 210 and the shelf plate 220. and may extend vertically downward from the lower surface of the shelf 220 . In such a case, it is preferable that the upper end of the protrusion Pr of the handle-equipped box Bx is located above the lower end of the guide plate Wv.
- the guide plate Wv is formed of the front guide plate Wv1 and the rear guide plate Wv2, and between the front guide plate Wv1 and the rear guide plate Wv2 Although the front guide plate Wv1 and the rear guide plate Wv2 are separated by a certain distance so that the gap Wv3 is formed, the gap Wv3 need not be formed between the front guide plate Wv1 and the rear guide plate Wv2. . That is, the front guide plate Wv1 and the rear guide plate Wv2 may be connected.
- the handle-equipped box Bx placed on the bottom wall 210 or the shelf board 220 of the mobile shelf 200 is sucked by the suction pad 143b of the robot hand 100, and is transferred to the mobile shelf. It was drawn from 200.
- the handle-equipped box body Bx may be pushed out from the movable shelf 200 by the pusher 400 .
- a control example of the pusher 400, the robot arm RA, and the controller when pushing out the handle-equipped box body Bx to the rear side of the movable shelf 200 will be described below with reference to FIGS. 14 and 15. FIG.
- box-conveying robot system 2 In the box body transport robot system 2, as shown in FIG. A box receiving plate 270 is arranged on the front side of the shelf plate 220 . This box body receiving plate 270 is for receiving the box bodies Bx with handles pushed out from the movable shelf 200, and is attached to the movable shelf 200 or placed on a lift (not shown) or the like. .
- the pusher 400 In the box-conveying robot system 2, as shown in FIGS. 14 and 15, the pusher 400 is connected to the tip of the robot arm RA instead of the robot hand 100.
- FIG. As shown in FIG.
- the push-out portion 400 mainly includes a main body wall 410, a front vertical wall 420, a rear vertical wall 430, a cylinder mechanism 440, a box contact portion 450, a connecting portion 460, and a distance sensor (see FIG. not shown).
- the main body wall 410 is a substantially rectangular plate member, as shown in FIG.
- the front vertical wall 420 is a substantially trapezoidal plate member and extends from the front end of the main body wall 410 so as to be perpendicular to the main body wall 410 . As shown in FIG.
- the rear vertical wall 430 is a substantially trapezoidal plate member and extends from the rear end of the main body wall 410 in the same direction as the front vertical wall 420 so as to be perpendicular to the main body wall 410 . ing.
- a rod insertion hole (not shown) is formed in the rear vertical wall 430 .
- the cylinder mechanism 440 is for moving the box body contact portion 450 along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200 (for example, an air cylinder mechanism, a hydraulic cylinder mechanism, etc.), and as shown in FIG. It extends along the longitudinal direction of the body wall 410 .
- the cylinder mechanism 440 mainly consists of a rod cover portion 441 and a rod (not shown).
- the rod cover portion 441 is for housing the rod. 15, the rod cover portion 441 is arranged between the front vertical wall 420 and the rear vertical wall 430, and one end of the rod cover portion 441 is attached to the front vertical wall 420. and the other end of the rod cover portion 441 is attached to the rear vertical wall 430 .
- the rod is housed in the rod cover portion 441 through the rod insertion hole of the rear vertical wall 430 .
- the rod is movable along the longitudinal direction of the rod cover portion 441 (that is, along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200) within the range where at least part of the rod is accommodated in the rod cover portion 441.
- the cylinder mechanism 440 is communicatively connected to a control device, and the movement of the rod and the like are controlled by the control device.
- the box body contact part 450 is for pushing out the handle-equipped box body Bx from the movable shelf 200, and as shown in FIG. attached to the That is, when the rod moves along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200 , the box body contact portion 450 also moves along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200 .
- the connecting part 460 is a part that connects the pushing part 400 to the robot arm RA, and is, for example, a flange.
- a distance sensor (not shown) is a sensor that detects the distance to an object positioned on the front side, and is held on both end sides of the main body wall 410, for example. It is preferable that the guide roller 145 of the robot hand 100 according to the previous embodiment is attached to at least one of the main body wall 410 and the box contact portion 450 of the pushing portion 400 .
- the user of the box-conveying robot system fixes the movable shelf 200 at a specified position in a specified orientation, and then operates the box-conveying robot system.
- the pushing part 400 waiting at the initial position is lifted to a specified height position and moved to a width direction position of the movable shelf 200 by the robot arm RA.
- Attitude control is performed so that the box contact portion 450 of the pushing portion 400 faces the front of the movable shelf 200 while being pushed.
- the robot arm RA is movable along the width direction of the movable shelf 200 by the belt conveyor Co (see FIG. 14), and can rotate the pushing section 400 around the axis (see FIG. 15).
- the distance sensor of the push-out unit 400 detects the front guide plate Wv1 and the front guide plate Wv1 of the adjacent movable shelf 200 (when the box body Bx with handle is pushed out to the front side of the movable shelf 200, the adjacent It faces the rear side guide plate Wv2 and the rear side guide plate Wv2) of the movable shelf 200 which is located on the side.
- the robot arm RA controls the attitude of the extrusion unit 400 so that the difference in the detected distances of the distance sensors falls within the allowable range (ideally, the difference in the detected distances becomes 0) (at this time, The extruding portion 400 substantially faces the front guide plate Wv1 and the front guide plate Wv1 of the adjacent movable shelf 200.).
- the cylinder mechanism 440 of the pushing part 400 starts to operate, and the rod and box body contacting part 450 reaches the moving shelf 200 and moves to the back of the moving shelf 200 along the depth direction of the moving shelf 200. .
- the box body contact portion 450 abuts on the box body Bx with the handle placed on the bottom wall 210 or the shelf board 220 of the movable shelf 200
- the box body Bx with the handle is moved to the rear side of the movable shelf 200. can be pushed out.
- the box body receiving plate 270 receives the box body Bx with the handle pushed out from the movable shelf 200.
- the cylinder mechanism 440 of the pushing part 400 starts to operate, and the rod and box contacting part 450 moves in front of the movable shelf 200 along the depth direction of the movable shelf 200 .
- the extruding portion 400 is finally returned to the initial state (FIG. 15).
- the box-contacting portion 450 has a substantially cylindrical shape, but the shape of the box-contacting portion 450 is not limited to a substantially cylindrical shape.
- Robot hand 140 Suction head unit (grasping part) 143 suction pad unit (grasping part) 200 mobile shelf (box mounting shelf) 220 shelf plate 400 extruded portion Bx box with handle (box) Pr protrusion (protrusion) Wv guide plate (guide wall)
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Abstract
Description
本発明の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムは、移動棚200に載置された取っ手付き箱体Bxを下ろす作業、あるいは、取っ手付き箱体Bxを移動棚200に積み込む作業を行うために利用され、主に、ロボットハンド100、ロボットアームRA、制御装置および移動棚200から構成されている。以下、これらの構成要素について詳述する。
ロボットハンド100は、図1から図9に示されるように、主に、電動機110、フレーム120、リンク機構130、吸着ヘッドユニット140、着脱式ぜんまいバネユニット150、可撓チューブ160、センサ取付板170および距離センサ180から構成されている。以下、これらの構成要素について詳述する。
電動機110は、正逆回転可能な電動機であって、その回転軸がボールネジ115の回転軸と一致するようにボールネジ115に取り付けられている。すなわち、このボールネジ115は、電動機110の回転方向を切り換えることによって水平スライダ(後述)SHのスライド方向を切り換えることができる。なお、本実施の形態においてこの電動機110には負荷検出装置(図示せず)が接続されており、同負荷検出装置によって電動機110の負荷が検出される。
フレーム120は、図1から図9に示されるように、主に、天板121、底板122、背面板123、後方側面板124および前方側面L字板125から構成されている。以下、これらの構成要素について詳述する。
リンク機構130は、例えば、マジックハンド等に利用される伸縮可能なレージトング式リンク機構であって、本実施の形態では図6~図9に示されるように14本の節(リンク)K1~14、21本のリンクピンP1~23、後側垂直スライダSVrおよび水平スライダSHから構成されている。以下、これらの構成要素について詳述する。
吸着ヘッドユニット140は、図1および図5に示されるように、主に、前面パネル141、支持板142、吸着パッドユニット143、車輪144、ガイドローラ145、前側垂直レールRVf、前側垂直スライダSVfおよび前側支持突起部146から構成されている。以下、これらの構成要素について詳述する。
着脱式ぜんまいバネユニット150は、図10に示されるように、主に、ぜんまいバネ151、ホルダ152、シャフト153および締結ブロック154から構成されている。ぜんまいバネ151は、従前から存在するものであって、ホルダ152に巻き付くように付勢されている。すなわち、人の手でぜんまいバネ151が延ばされた後、人の手が離されるとぜんまいバネ151はその付勢力によってホルダ152に巻き付く。ホルダ152は、ぜんまいバネ151の片端を保持する円柱状の保持部材(ボビン)である。シャフト153は、図10に示されるようにホルダ152の軸方向に沿ってホルダ152の両方向に向かって延びている。なお、このシャフト153は、上述の通り、図3に示される支持爪122Bによって着脱自在に支持される。締結ブロック154は、ぜんまいバネ151のもう片端を吸着ヘッドユニット140の前面パネル141の下側突起部141bに固定するための部材であって、上述の通り、吸着ヘッドユニット140の前面パネル141の下側突起部141bにねじ止めされる。
可撓チューブ160は、図1および図2等に示される通り、元配管SPの出口側に接合されていると共に、上述の通り、吸着パッドユニット143の主管MPの基端側に接合されている。なお、図1および図2等に示されるように、元配管SPの入口には配管口MSが接合されており、その配管口MSはフレーム120の天板121の後端部に設けられている。また、この可撓チューブ160は、図8および図9に示されているように、リンク機構130の最伸長状態時にも対応する十分な長さとされている。
センサ取付板170は、上述の通り、フレーム120の底板122の開口OPのやや後側の裏側面に取り付けられており、その両端側に距離センサ180を保持している。
距離センサ180は、正面側に位置する物体との距離を検出するセンサであって、上述の通り、センサ取付板170の両端側に保持されている。
ロボットアームRAは、特に限定されないが、例えば、既存の六軸ロボットアーム等である(図14および図15参照)。
制御装置は、ロボットハンド100およびロボットアームRAにそれぞれ通信接続されており、ロボットハンド100やロボットアームRAに対して制御信号を送ると共に、ロボットハンド100やロボットアームRAから各種信号を受信している。なお、特に、この制御装置は、ロボットハンド100の電動機110や、減圧ポンプに通信接続されており、電動機110の回転方向や減圧ポンプの発停等を制御している。
移動棚200は、取っ手付き箱体Bxを収納するためのものであって、図11~図13に示されるように、底壁210、天壁230、支柱240、仕切り壁250、棚板220、案内板Wvおよび車輪Trから構成されている。以下、これらの構成要素について詳述する。
ここでは、移動棚200から取っ手付き箱体Bxを引き出す際のロボットハンド100、ロボットアームRAおよび制御装置の制御例、および、移動棚200に取っ手付き箱体Bxを収納する際のロボットハンド100、ロボットアームRAおよび制御装置の制御例について説明する。
先ず、箱体搬送ロボットシステムの使用者は、移動棚200を規定の位置に規定の向きで固定してからロボットハンド100、ロボットアームRAおよび制御装置を作動させる。ロボットハンド100、ロボットアームRAおよび制御装置が作動し始めると、初期位置で待機しているロボットハンド100が、ロボットアームRAによって、規定の高さ方向位置にまで持ち上げられると共に幅方向位置にまで移動させられながら、ロボットハンド100の正面が移動棚200の正面と対向し且つ伸縮構造体KPの構成面(仮想の垂直面Fp)が鉛直方向に平行になるように姿勢制御される。このとき、ロボットハンド100に設けられる一対の距離センサ180が、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wv(隣接する前側案内板Wv1と前側案内板Wv1、または、隣接する後側案内板Wv2と後側案内板Wv2)とに対向している。次に、一対の距離センサ180の検出距離の差が許容範囲に収まるように(理想的には検出距離の差が0になるように)ロボットアームRAによってロボットハンド100の姿勢が制御される(このとき、ロボットハンド100は、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wvとにほぼ正対している。)。次いで、ロボットハンド100の電動機110が作動し始め、リンク機構130が伸びていく。そして、吸着ヘッドユニット140が移動棚200にまで到達すると、ガイドローラ145が、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wvとに接触しながら、移動棚200の奥行方向に沿って吸着ヘッドユニット140を移動棚200の奥へと導く。この際、車輪144は移動棚200の底壁210または棚板220を転がっていく。そして、負荷検出装置によって検出される電動機110の負荷が閾値を超過すると、電動機110を一旦停止させると共に減圧ポンプを動作させて吸着パッド143bによって取っ手付き箱体Bxを吸着させる。その後、電動機110を逆転させて、リンク機構130を縮ませると、ガイドローラ145が、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wvとに接触しながら、移動棚200の奥行方向に沿って吸着ヘッドユニット140を移動棚200の手前へと導く。そして、最終的にロボットハンド100を初期状態(収縮状態)に戻させる。このとき、ロボットハンド100の底板122の前側部分122Aに取っ手付き箱体Bxが載置されている(すなわち、取っ手付き箱体Bxが、移動棚200から引き出されている。)。この状態で、ロボットアームRAがロボットハンド100を搬送先(例えば、ベルトコンベアの始発位置等)まで移動させる。ロボットアームRAによりロボットハンド100が搬送先に到達すると、ロボットハンド100の電動機110が作動し始め、リンク機構130が伸びていき、吸着ヘッドユニット140によって取っ手付き箱体Bxが搬送先に押し出される。
先ず、箱体搬送ロボットシステムの使用者は、移動棚200を規定の位置に規定の向きで固定してからロボットハンド100、ロボットアームRAおよび制御装置を作動させる。ロボットハンド100、ロボットアームRAおよび制御装置が作動し始めると、初期位置で待機しているロボットハンド100が、ロボットアームRAによって、取っ手付き箱体Bxが置かれた箱体受取先(例えば、ベルトコンベアの終着位置等)まで移動させられる。より詳細には、「ロボットハンド100の正面が、箱体受取先に置かれた取っ手付き箱体Bxの前壁と対向し」、且つ、「ロボットハンド100の底板122の前側部分122Aに取っ手付き箱体Bxが載置された際に、ロボットハンド100の底板122の前側部分122Aと取っ手付き箱体Bxの底壁とが接触する」ように、ロボットハンド100がロボットアームRAによって移動させられる。ロボットアームRAによりロボットハンド100が箱体受取先に到達すると、ロボットハンド100の電動機110が作動し始め、リンク機構130が伸びていく。そして、吸着ヘッドユニット140が取っ手付き箱体Bxの前壁にまで到達すると、電動機110を一旦停止させると共に減圧ポンプを動作させて吸着パッド143bによって取っ手付き箱体Bxを吸着させる。その後、電動機110を逆転させて、リンク機構130を縮ませ、初期状態(収縮状態)に戻させる。このとき、ロボットハンド100の底板122の前側部分122Aに取っ手付き箱体Bxが載置されている。この状態で、ロボットアームRAがロボットハンド100を移動棚200まで移動させる。そして、ロボットハンド100が、ロボットアームRAによって、規定の高さ方向位置にまで持ち上げられると共に幅方向位置にまで移動させられながら、ロボットハンド100の正面が移動棚200の正面と対向し且つ伸縮構造体KPの構成面(仮想の垂直面Fp)が鉛直方向に平行になるように姿勢制御される。このとき、ロボットハンド100に設けられる一対の距離センサ180が、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wv(隣接する前側案内板Wv1と前側案内板Wv1、または、隣接する後側案内板Wv2と後側案内板Wv2)とに対向している。次に、一対の距離センサ180の検出距離の差が許容範囲に収まるように(理想的には検出距離の差が0になるように)ロボットアームRAによってロボットハンド100の姿勢が制御される(このとき、ロボットハンド100は、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wvとにほぼ正対している。)。次いで、ロボットハンド100の電動機110が作動し始め、リンク機構130が伸びていく。そして、吸着ヘッドユニット140および取っ手付き箱体Bxが移動棚200にまで到達すると、ガイドローラ145が、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wvとに接触しながら、移動棚200の奥行方向に沿って吸着ヘッドユニット140および取っ手付き箱体Bxを移動棚200の奥へと導く。この際、車輪144は移動棚200の底壁210または棚板220を転がっていく。そして、負荷検出装置によって検出される電動機110の負荷が閾値を超過すると、電動機110を一旦停止させると共に減圧ポンプを停止させて、吸着パッド143bから取っ手付き箱体Bxを放させる。これにより、取っ手付き箱体Bxを移動棚200に収納することができる。その後、電動機110を逆転させて、リンク機構130を縮ませると、ガイドローラ145が、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wvとに接触しながら、移動棚200の奥行方向に沿って吸着ヘッドユニット140を移動棚200の手前へと導く。そして、最終的に、ロボットハンド100を初期状態(収縮状態)に戻させ、ロボットハンド100が、ロボットアームRAによって、初期位置まで移動させられる。
(1)
本実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムでは、移動棚200は、取っ手付き箱体Bxを載置するための底壁210および棚板220と、ロボットハンド100の吸着ヘッドユニット140を移動棚200の奥や手前へ導くための案内板Wvとを有している。案内板Wvは、底壁210および棚板220の上面から垂直方向に沿って上方に延びると共に、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wvとが平行になるように奥行方向に沿って配設されている。また、ロボットハンド100は、移動棚200に載置された取っ手付き箱体Bxを吸着パッド143bによって吸着した後、電動機110を逆転させてリンク機構130を縮ませ、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wvとにガイドローラ145を接触させながら、移動棚200の奥行方向に沿って吸着ヘッドユニット140を移動棚200の手前へと導き、取っ手付き箱体Bxを移動棚200から引き出すことができる。あるいは、ロボットハンド100の底板122の前側部分122Aに取っ手付き箱体Bxが載置された状態で、ロボットハンド100は、電動機110を作動させてリンク機構130を伸ばし、隣接する案内板Wvと案内板Wvとにガイドローラ145を接触させながら、移動棚200の奥行方向に沿って吸着ヘッドユニット140および取っ手付き箱体Bxを移動棚200の奥へと導き、吸着パッド143bから取っ手付き箱体Bxを放して取っ手付き箱体Bxを移動棚200に収納することができる。このため、この箱体搬送ロボットシステムを用いることによって、移動棚200に載置された取っ手付き箱体Bxを下ろす作業、あるいは、取っ手付き箱体Bxを移動棚200に積み込む作業を自動的且つスムースに行うことができる。
(A)
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムではロボットアームRAにロボットハンド100が連結されていたが、ロボットハンド100は、フレーム式の移動機構に連結されていてもよい。また、ロボットハンド100は、常に、伸縮構造体KPの構成面(仮想の垂直面Fp)が鉛直方向に平行になるように取り付けられてもよい。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムのロボットハンド100では駆動源として電動機110が採用されると共に伸縮構造体KPの伸縮を実現する機構としてボールネジ115および水平スライダSHから成る機構が採用されたが、(i)駆動源および伸縮機構としてエアシリンダや油圧シリンダ等が採用されてもよいし、(ii)駆動源として電動機が採用されると共に伸縮構造体KPの伸縮を実現する機構としてラック・アンド・ピニオン機構が採用されてもよいし、(iii)駆動源として電動機が採用されると共に伸縮構造体KPの伸縮を実現する機構として株式会社椿本チエイン製のジップチェーンアクチュエータ(登録商標)が採用されてもよいし、(iv)駆動源として電動機が採用されると共に伸縮構造体KPの伸縮を実現する機構としてSERAPID社製のROLLBEAMが採用されてもよい。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムのロボットハンド100では伸び切った伸縮構造体KPを初期の収縮状態に戻すことを目的として着脱式ぜんまいバネユニット150が設けられていたが、同目的を達成する他の手段として(i)コイルバネが採用されてもよいし、(ii)電動機、ワイヤおよびクラッチ等から成る機構が採用されてもよい。かかる場合、伸縮構造体KPが伸びる際にワイヤが繰り出され、伸縮構造体KPが縮む際に電動機によってワイヤが巻き取られる。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムのロボットハンド100では物品の把持手段として吸着パッドユニット143が採用されたが、これに代えて二指ハンドや五指ハンド等の指付ハンドユニットや、チャックユニット等が採用されもよい。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムのロボットハンド100では電動機110、前側支持突起部146および後側支持突起部123Aが上側に配設されていたが、電動機110、前側支持突起部146および後側支持突起部123Aは下側(例えば、底板122の下側等)に配設されてもよい。かかる場合、前側垂直スライダSVfおよび後側垂直スライダSVrの初期位置(収縮状態にあるときの位置)は、前側垂直レールRVfおよび後側垂直レールRVrの上端位置であり、前側垂直スライダSVfおよび後側垂直スライダSVrは、水平スライダSHの前進に伴って下降し、水平スライダSHの後退に伴って上昇する。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムの移動棚200では底壁210、天壁230および支柱240によって囲まれる空間を仕切り壁250が幅方向に2つに仕切っていたが、仕切り壁250は設けられなくてもよい。かかる場合、底壁210、天壁230および支柱240によって囲まれる空間が幅方向に仕切られない。または、仕切り壁250が2つ以上設けられてもよい。かかる場合、かかる場合、底壁210、天壁230および支柱240によって囲まれる空間が幅方向に3つ以上に仕切られる。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムの移動棚200では底壁210、天壁230、支柱240および仕切り壁250によって囲まれる2つの空間に棚板220がそれぞれ5つずつ配設されていたが、これらの空間に配設される棚板220の数は取っ手付き箱体Bxの高さに応じて適宜調整されてもよい。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムの移動棚200では案内板Wvが底壁210および棚板220の上面から垂直方向に沿って上方に延びていたが、案内板Wvが天壁230および棚板220の下面から垂直方向に沿って下方に延びていてもよい。かかる場合、取っ手付き箱体Bxの突起部Prの上端がこの案内板Wvの下端より上側に位置することが好ましい。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムの移動棚200では、案内板Wvは前側案内板Wv1および後側案内板Wv2から形成され、前側案内板Wv1および後側案内板Wv2との間に隙間Wv3が形成されるように前側案内板Wv1および後側案内板Wv2は一定距離離間していたが、前側案内板Wv1および後側案内板Wv2との間に隙間Wv3は形成されなくてもよい。すなわち、前側案内板Wv1および後側案内板Wv2が連結していてもよい。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムの移動棚200に載置される取っ手付き箱体Bxには右側壁および左側壁から外方に延びる突起部Prが形成されていたが、突起部Prは右側壁および左側壁のいずれか一方から外方に延びていてもよい。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムの移動棚200では底壁210、天壁230、支柱240、仕切り壁250および棚板220によって囲まれる12つの空間に、案内板Wvがそれぞれ6つずつ配設されていたが、これらの空間に配設される案内板Wvの数は取っ手付き箱体Bxの幅(突起部Prを含む)に応じて適宜調整されてもよい。
先の実施の形態に係る箱体搬送ロボットシステムでは、移動棚200の底壁210または棚板220に載置された取っ手付き箱体Bxは、ロボットハンド100の吸着パッド143bによって吸着され、移動棚200から引き出されていた。しかし、取っ手付き箱体Bxは、押出部400によって移動棚200から押し出されてもよい。以下、図14および図15を参照して、移動棚200の後側に取っ手付き箱体Bxを押し出す際の押出部400、ロボットアームRAおよび制御装置の制御例について説明する。
140 吸着ヘッドユニット(把持部)
143 吸着パッドユニット(把持部)
200 移動棚(箱体載置棚)
220 棚板
400 押出部
Bx 取っ手付き箱体(箱体)
Pr 突起部(突起)
Wv 案内板(案内壁)
Claims (4)
- 物品を把持する把持部を有するロボットハンドと、
前記ロボットハンドで把持する前記物品を載置する物品載置棚と
を備え、
前記ロボットハンドは、前記物品載置棚に対して直線運動可能であって、前物品載置棚から前記物品を直動して引き出すか押し出し、或いは前記物品載置棚に前記物品を直動して収納するように構成され、
前記物品載置棚は、前記物品を載置する棚板と、直線運動中の前記ロボットハンドを案内する案内壁とを有する、物品搬送ロボットシステム。 - 物品を押し出す押出部と、
前記押出部で押し出す前記物品を載置する物品載置棚と
を備え、
前記押出部は、前記物品載置棚に対して直線運動可能であって、前記物品載置棚から前記物品を直動して押し出し、或いは前記物品載置棚に前記物品を直動して収納するように構成され、
前記物品載置棚は、前記物品を載置する棚板と、直線運動中の前記押出部を案内する案内壁とを有する、物品搬送ロボットシステム。 - 直動可能である把持部を有するロボットハンドと、前記ロボットハンドを移動させる移動機構とを備える搬送装置の搬送対象となる物品を載置する物品載置棚であって、
棚板と、
前記棚板の上面から上方に向かって延びるか前記棚板の下面から下方に向かって延びており、互いに平行になるように配設される複数の案内壁と
を備える、物品載置棚。 - 前記物品には、幅方向に延びる突起が存在し、
前記案内壁は、前記突起に接触しない間隔で設置されている
請求項3に記載の物品載置棚。
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JP2008254900A (ja) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 部品搬送装置および方法ならびに作業ハンド |
JP6716177B1 (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-01 | トーヨーカネツ株式会社 | 物品移載装置及び物品移載システム |
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JP5675327B2 (ja) | 2010-12-24 | 2015-02-25 | 古河電気工業株式会社 | 保護管固定構造 |
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- 2021-11-30 CN CN202180093165.6A patent/CN116917091A/zh active Pending
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPS5675327A (en) * | 1979-11-15 | 1981-06-22 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Automatic feeding device for plate-shaped parts |
JP2008254900A (ja) * | 2007-04-06 | 2008-10-23 | Nissan Motor Co Ltd | 部品搬送装置および方法ならびに作業ハンド |
JP6716177B1 (ja) * | 2018-12-28 | 2020-07-01 | トーヨーカネツ株式会社 | 物品移載装置及び物品移載システム |
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JP2022138987A (ja) | 2022-09-26 |
JP7407755B2 (ja) | 2024-01-04 |
CN116917091A (zh) | 2023-10-20 |
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