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WO2022000294A1 - 一种用户设备间的信号同步方法及装置 - Google Patents

一种用户设备间的信号同步方法及装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2022000294A1
WO2022000294A1 PCT/CN2020/099374 CN2020099374W WO2022000294A1 WO 2022000294 A1 WO2022000294 A1 WO 2022000294A1 CN 2020099374 W CN2020099374 W CN 2020099374W WO 2022000294 A1 WO2022000294 A1 WO 2022000294A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
communication protocol
synchronization
communication
synchronization information
information
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PCT/CN2020/099374
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
杨志武
张东风
欧阳国威
刘凯
陈莹莹
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
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Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/099374 priority Critical patent/WO2022000294A1/zh
Priority to CN202080007593.8A priority patent/CN114175535B/zh
Publication of WO2022000294A1 publication Critical patent/WO2022000294A1/zh

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04JMULTIPLEX COMMUNICATION
    • H04J3/00Time-division multiplex systems
    • H04J3/02Details
    • H04J3/06Synchronising arrangements
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04WWIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W56/00Synchronisation arrangements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the technical field of Internet of Vehicles, and in particular, to a method and apparatus for signal synchronization between user equipments.
  • V2X Vehicle to everything
  • UE user equipment
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • V2P vehicle to pedestrian
  • V2I vehicle to infrastructure
  • V2N vehicle to network
  • the V2X communication protocol (also referred to as a technical standard) mainly includes the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol and the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol.
  • the underlying technologies of the two communication protocols are based on the 3GPP protocol, and UEs using the two communication protocols can successfully resolve synchronization signals with each other.
  • V2X resource allocation methods can generally include two types: the first, scheduling mode, that is, the base station allocates sidelink resources for V2X communication to the UE; the second, autonomous selection mode, that is, the UE selects from the pre-configured It autonomously selects sidelink resources for V2X communication from the resource pool of .
  • the multiple UEs can use the following One of the ways to achieve signal synchronization: UE1 and UE2 are synchronized to the global navigation satellite system (GNSS), UE1 and UE2 are synchronized to the cell, UE1 is synchronized to GNSS or cell, UE2 is synchronized to UE1 , UE1 self-synchronizes and UE2 synchronizes to UE1.
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • UE1 is in the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol and UE2 is in the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol: if UE1 is under GNSS coverage and UE2 is not under GNSS or cell coverage, UE2 can receive the synchronization signal of UE1, but due to If the positions of the synchronization signal and data transmission and reception subframes are different, UE2 still cannot synchronize to UE1; if both UE1 and UE2 are not under the coverage of GNSS or cell, and both UE1 and UE2 use the autonomous selection mode to determine the sidelink resources, Then UE1 and UE2 use different transceiving subframe configurations, so that UE1 and UE2 cannot achieve synchronization.
  • the present application provides a method and apparatus for signal synchronization between user equipments, which are used to solve the problem in the prior art that two UEs in different V2X communication protocols cannot achieve signal synchronization.
  • a method for signal synchronization between user equipments includes: a first user equipment UE obtains synchronization information of at least one UE, and the at least one UE includes a second UE; the first UE obtains synchronization information of the second UE according to the synchronization information of the second UE Determine that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, and the second V2X communication protocol is different from the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE.
  • the first V2X communication protocol is the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol
  • the second V2X communication protocol is The communication protocol is the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the underlying technologies of both are 3GPP technologies
  • the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, for example, the first UE configures relevant parameters for V2X communication as the second V2X communication Parameters in the protocol
  • the first UE realizes signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the first UE acquires the synchronization information of at least one UE, if it is determined according to the synchronization information that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE of the at least one UE is the second V2X communication protocol and is the same as the first UE's first V2X communication protocol.
  • the V2X communication protocol is different, it can switch to the second V2X communication protocol and achieve signal synchronization with the second UE, thereby solving the problem that two UEs in different V2X communication protocols cannot achieve signal synchronization in the prior art.
  • the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol includes: when the first UE does not receive synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period , the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, and the first duration can be set in advance.
  • the first UE can switch the second V2X communication protocol when not receiving the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol, so as to realize the signal with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol. Synchronize.
  • the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, further comprising: when the first UE periodically receives the synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period, the first UE When a UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the first duration can be set in advance.
  • the first UE when it can stably receive the synchronization information of the UE in the second V2X communication protocol, it can switch the second V2X communication protocol, so as to communicate with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol. achieve signal synchronization.
  • the method before the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the method further includes: the first UE acquires handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate that the first UE is allowed to be handed over.
  • V2X communication protocol the authority to allow switching of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE may be configured by the system or may be set by the user.
  • the first UE is switched to the second V2X communication protocol, thereby ensuring the security of the handover.
  • the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, including: the first UE waits for a third period of time after Switch to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the second UE is the only UE in the second V2X communication protocol, by waiting for a third time period before switching, it can be avoided that both the first UE and the second UE switch the V2X communication protocol, thereby causing the first UE to switch the V2X communication protocol.
  • the problem that the UE still cannot be in the same V2X communication protocol with the second UE after the handover.
  • the at least one UE includes multiple UEs, and the V2X communication protocols of the at least multiple UEs are different from the first V2X communication protocol.
  • the UE with the highest priority among the multiple UEs is selected as the second UE.
  • the priorities of the multiple UEs may be sorted according to one or more ways of signal energy, coverage, synchronization level, and priorities indicated by related protocols.
  • the first UE selects the UE with the highest priority as the second UE, so that the reliability of signal transmission can be improved when performing signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol subsequently.
  • the synchronization information of the second UE includes at least one of the following: a direct link synchronization signal SLSS identifier of the second UE, and a master information block of the second UE; wherein the master information The block includes the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located; correspondingly, the first UE determines according to the synchronization information of the second UE that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, including: the first UE according to The frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located determines that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol.
  • a simple and effective manner of determining the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is provided.
  • the at least one UE further includes a third UE, and the method further includes: the first UE determines that the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol; the first UE keeps the first V2X communication protocol A V2X communication protocol. Further, the method further includes: the first UE realizes signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol. In the above possible implementation manner, the first UE maintains the first V2X communication protocol and realizes signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol, which can prevent the first UE from being unable to stably receive the synchronization information of the second UE, thereby causing communication problems. problem of failure.
  • one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol; or, the first V2X communication protocol
  • One of the communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol.
  • a signal synchronization apparatus As a first user equipment UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, the apparatus includes: an acquisition unit configured to acquire synchronization information of at least one UE, where the at least one UE includes a second UE; a determining unit, configured to determine, according to the synchronization information of the second UE, that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, and the second V2X communication protocol is different from the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE; the switching unit is configured to switch to the second V2X communication protocol; a synchronization unit configured to realize signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the switching unit is further configured to: switch to the second V2X communication when the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period protocol.
  • the switching unit is further configured to: switch to the second V2X communication protocol when the first UE periodically receives the synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period.
  • the obtaining unit is further configured to: obtain handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate a V2X communication protocol that allows handover of the first UE.
  • the switching unit is further configured to switch to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.
  • the at least one UE includes multiple UEs, the V2X communication protocols of the at least multiple UEs are all different from the first V2X communication protocol, and the determining unit is further configured to: select from the multiple UEs according to the priority Among the UEs, the UE with the highest priority is selected as the second UE.
  • the synchronization information of the second UE includes at least one of the following: a direct link synchronization signal SLSS identifier of the second UE, and a master information block of the second UE; wherein the master information The block includes the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located; correspondingly, the determining unit is further configured to: determine, according to the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located, that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the first Two V2X communication protocols.
  • the at least one UE further includes a third UE; the determining unit is further configured to determine that the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol; the switching unit is further configured to maintain The first V2X communication protocol. Further, the synchronization unit is further configured to: realize signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol.
  • one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol; or, the first V2X communication protocol
  • One of the communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol.
  • a signal synchronization apparatus As a first user equipment UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, the apparatus includes a processor and a memory connected to the processor, and the memory is used for storing instructions. When the instruction is executed by the processor, it causes the apparatus to perform the following steps: acquiring synchronization information of at least one UE, at least one UE including the second UE; determining, according to the synchronization information of the second UE, that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, the second V2X communication protocol is different from the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE; switch to the second V2X communication protocol; realize signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the apparatus further performs the following step: when the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period, switching to the second V2X letter of agreement.
  • the apparatus further performs the following step: when the first UE periodically receives synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period, switching to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the apparatus further performs the following steps: acquiring handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate that the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is allowed to be handed over.
  • the switching unit is further configured to switch to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.
  • the at least one UE includes multiple UEs, and the V2X communication protocols of the at least multiple UEs are different from the first V2X communication protocol.
  • the UE with the highest priority is selected as the second UE.
  • the synchronization information of the second UE includes at least one of the following: a direct link synchronization signal SLSS identifier of the second UE, and a master information block of the second UE; wherein the master information The block includes the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located; correspondingly, the device also performs the following steps: according to the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the second UE is located, determine that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is The second V2X communication protocol.
  • the at least one UE further includes a third UE, and the apparatus further performs the following steps: determining that the V2X communication protocol of the third UE is the first V2X communication protocol; maintaining the first V2X communication protocol . Further, the apparatus further performs the following steps: realizing signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol.
  • one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol; or, the first V2X communication protocol
  • One of the communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol.
  • a readable storage medium is provided, and instructions are stored in the readable storage medium, and when the readable storage medium runs on a device, the device causes the device to perform the first aspect or any one of the first aspects.
  • Another aspect of the present application provides a computer program product, which when the computer program product runs on a computer, causes the computer to execute the method provided by the first aspect or any possible implementation manner of the first aspect.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a V2X communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a signal synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic flowchart of another signal synchronization method provided by an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 5 is a structural block diagram of a first UE according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a first UE according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of another first UE according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • At least one means one or more
  • plural means two or more.
  • And/or which describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicates that there can be three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can indicate: the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A, B can be singular or plural.
  • the character “/” generally indicates that the associated objects are an “or” relationship.
  • At least one item(s) below” or similar expressions thereof refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single item(s) or plural items(s).
  • At least one item (a) of a, b, or c may represent: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c may be single or multiple .
  • words such as “first” and “second” are used to distinguish the same items or similar items with basically the same functions and functions.
  • the first threshold and the second threshold are only used to distinguish different thresholds, and the sequence of the first threshold is not limited. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as “first” and “second” do not limit the quantity and execution order.
  • V2X communication can also be referred to as information exchange between vehicles and the outside world.
  • V2X communication can include vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V), vehicle-to-pedestrian (V2P), vehicle and infrastructure Facility (vehicle to infrastructure, V2I), and communication between vehicle and network (V2N), etc.
  • V2V vehicle-to-vehicle
  • V2P vehicle-to-pedestrian
  • V2I vehicle and infrastructure Facility
  • V2N vehicle and network
  • the V2X communication protocol may refer to a communication protocol or technical standard applied to V2X, and the V2X communication protocol may also be referred to as a V2X technical standard.
  • the V2X communication protocol may include the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol and the CCSA LTE communication protocol whose underlying technology is the 3rd generation partnership project (3GPP) technology.
  • 3GPP 3rd generation partnership project
  • -V2X communication protocol may include the WAVE V2X communication protocol and the CCSA WAVE-V2X communication protocol, whose underlying technologies are both wireless access for vehicular environments (WAVE) technology.
  • the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol can be a V2X communication protocol developed in Europe based on 3GPP technology and applied to the LTE system; the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol is a China Communications Standards Association (CCSA) based on 3GPP technology.
  • WAVE-V2X communication protocol is a V2X communication protocol based on WAVE technology developed by the United States;
  • CCSA WAVE-V2X communication protocol is a V2X communication protocol developed by CCSA based on WAVE technology.
  • V2X when communicating between two user equipment (UE) in V2X, signal synchronization needs to be performed first, and signal synchronization needs to be based on the same V2X communication protocol, that is, the two UEs need to be in the same V2X communication protocol.
  • two UEs in different V2X communication protocols with the same underlying technology can successfully parse each other's synchronization information.
  • the two UEs can successfully parse each other's synchronization information; two UEs in different V2X communication protocols with different underlying technologies cannot parse the synchronization information of the opposite end.
  • one of the two UEs is in the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other If one is in the WAVE-V2X communication protocol, the two UEs cannot resolve each other's synchronization information.
  • Signal synchronization between UEs may refer to enabling multiple UEs that need to communicate to have the same time reference signal.
  • the signal synchronization between the two UEs under the same V2X communication protocol may include the following methods: First, both UE1 and UE2 are synchronized to the GNSS ( global navigation satellite system, GNSS), that is, UE1 and UE2 are both in the coverage of GNSS, GNSS sends synchronization information to UE1 and UE2, and UE1 and UE2 are both based on the synchronization information sent by GNSS.
  • GNSS global navigation satellite system
  • the second type, UE1 and UE2 are both synchronized to the cell, that is, both UE1 and UE2 are in the coverage of the cell, and the cell sends synchronization information to both UE1 and UE2, and UE1 and UE2 are based on the synchronization sent by the cell.
  • the information is synchronized to the signal to realize the signal synchronization of the two UEs;
  • the third, UE1 is synchronized to GNSS or a cell, and UE2 is synchronized to UE1, that is, UE1 is in the coverage of GNSS or the coverage of a cell, and UE2 is not in GNSS.
  • GNSS or cell sends synchronization information to UE1, UE1 performs signal synchronization based on the synchronization information sent by GNSS or cell, and UE1 sends synchronization information to UE2, and UE2 performs synchronization based on the synchronization information sent by UE1.
  • LTE long-term evolution
  • FDD frequency division duplex
  • TDD time division duplex
  • UMTS universal mobile telecommunication system
  • WiMAX worldwide interoperability for microwave access
  • PLMN public land mobile network
  • future 5G communication system etc.
  • the technical solution of the present application may include various application scenarios, for example, machine to machine (M2M), device to machine (device to machine, D2M), device to device (device to device, D2D), macro-micro communication , Enhanced Mobile Broadband (eMBB), Ultra Reliable & Low Latency Communication (uRLLC), and Massive Machine Type Communication (mMTC) and other scenarios.
  • M2M machine to machine
  • D2M device to machine
  • D2D device to device
  • macro-micro communication eMBB
  • eMBB Enhanced Mobile Broadband
  • uRLLC Ultra Reliable & Low Latency Communication
  • mMTC Massive Machine Type Communication
  • the network architecture and service scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of illustrating the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application more clearly, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the evolution of the architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a Vehicle To Everything (V2X) communication system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the V2X communication system may include multiple UEs, and each UE in the multiple UEs may communicate with other UEs. Synchronization information is sent, and after information synchronization with other UEs is achieved, information transmission can be performed with other UEs.
  • the multiple UEs in FIG. 1 may be in different V2X communication protocols, and the underlying technologies of the different V2X communication protocols where the multiple UEs are located may be the same, so that each UE in the multiple UEs receives the When the synchronization information is from other UEs, the synchronization information of other UEs can be successfully parsed.
  • the V2X communication protocol where the multiple UEs are located may include the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol and the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol; or, the V2X communication protocol where the multiple UEs are located may include the WAVE V2X communication protocol and the CCSA WAVE-V2X communication protocol.
  • the multiple UEs may include four UEs and are denoted as UE1, UE2, UE3 and UE4 respectively, UE1 may send synchronization information 1 to other UEs, and UE2 may send synchronization information 2 to other UEs , UE3 can send synchronization information 3 to other UEs, and UE4 can send synchronization information 4 to other UEs.
  • the V2X communication protocol where UE1 is located may be different from the V2X communication protocol where UE2 to UE4 are located.
  • UE1 is in 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol
  • UE2 to UE4 are in CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol.
  • the multiple UEs may include two UEs and are represented as UE1 and UE2 respectively, UE1 may send synchronization information 1 to UE2, and UE2 may send synchronization information 2 to UE1.
  • the V2X communication protocol where UE1 is located may be different from the V2X communication protocol where UE2 is located.
  • UE1 is in 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol
  • UE2 is in CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol.
  • the UE in this application may be a device with a wireless communication function, which may be deployed on land, including indoor or outdoor, handheld or vehicle-mounted. It can also be deployed on water (such as ships, etc.). It can also be deployed in the air (eg on airplanes, balloons, satellites, etc.).
  • the UE is also called a terminal, a mobile station (mobile station, MS), a mobile terminal (mobile terminal, MT), a terminal device, etc., and is a device that provides voice and/or data connectivity to a user.
  • the UE may be: a mobile phone (mobile phone), a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a palmtop computer, a mobile internet device (MID), a wearable device (such as a smart watch, a smart bracelet, a pedometer, etc.), In-vehicle equipment (for example, cars, bicycles, electric vehicles, airplanes, ships, trains, high-speed rails, etc.), virtual reality (VR) equipment, augmented reality (AR) equipment, industrial control (industrial control) Wireless terminals, smart home equipment (for example, refrigerators, TVs, air conditioners, electricity meters, etc.), intelligent robots, workshop equipment, wireless terminals in self-driving, wireless terminals in remote medical surgery, A wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, or a wireless terminal in a smart home, flying equipment (for example, Intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc.
  • MID mobile internet device
  • a wearable device such as a smart watch
  • the UE is a vehicle-mounted device that often works on the ground.
  • a chip deployed in the above-mentioned device such as a system-on-a-chip (SOC), a baseband chip, etc., or other chips with communication functions may also be referred to as UE.
  • the V2X communication system may further include an access network device, and the access network device is configured to provide services for the cell, and the multiple UEs may be wholly or partially within the coverage of the cell of the access network device.
  • the access network device may be an access point (Access Point, AP) in a WLAN, an evolved base station (evolved Node B, eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, a relay station or an access point, a future 5G network Network equipment or access network equipment in a future evolved PLMN network, etc.
  • the cell may be a cell corresponding to an access network device (such as a base station), and the cell may belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell.
  • the small cell here may include: a metro cell. , micro cell (micro cell), pico cell (Pico cell), femto cell (femto cell), etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.
  • FIG. 2 is a functional block diagram of a vehicle 200 with an automatic driving function provided by an embodiment of the present application, where the vehicle 200 is an example of a UE.
  • the vehicle 200 is configured in a fully or partially autonomous driving mode.
  • the vehicle 200 may control itself while in an autonomous driving mode, and may determine the current state of the vehicle and its surrounding environment through human manipulation, determine the likely behavior of at least one other vehicle in the surrounding environment, and determine the other vehicle's
  • the vehicle 200 is controlled based on the determined information with a confidence level corresponding to the likelihood of performing the possible behavior.
  • the vehicle 200 may be placed to operate without human interaction.
  • Vehicle 200 may include various subsystems, such as travel system 210 , sensor system 220 , control system 230 , one or more peripherals 240 and power supply 250 , computer system 260 , and user interface 270 .
  • vehicle 200 may include more or fewer subsystems, and each subsystem may include multiple elements. Additionally, each of the subsystems and elements of the vehicle 200 may be interconnected by wire or wirelessly.
  • Travel system 210 may include components that provide powered motion for vehicle 200 .
  • travel system 210 may include engine 211 , transmission 212 , energy source 213 , and wheels/tires 214 .
  • the engine 211 may be an internal combustion engine, an electric motor, an air compression engine, or other types of engine combinations, such as a hybrid engine composed of an air-oil engine and an electric motor, and a hybrid engine composed of an internal combustion engine and an air compression engine.
  • Engine 211 converts energy source 213 into mechanical energy.
  • Examples of energy sources 213 include gasoline, diesel, other petroleum-based fuels, propane, other compressed gas-based fuels, ethanol, solar panels, batteries, and other sources of electricity.
  • the energy source 213 may also provide energy to other systems of the vehicle 200 .
  • Transmission 212 may transmit mechanical power from engine 211 to wheels/tires 214 .
  • Transmission 212 may include a gearbox, a differential, and a driveshaft.
  • transmission 212 may also include other devices, such as clutches.
  • the drive shafts may include one or more shafts that may be coupled to one or more wheels/tires 214 .
  • the sensor system 220 may include several sensors that sense information about the environment surrounding the vehicle 200 .
  • the sensor system 220 may include a positioning system 221 (the positioning system may be a global positioning system (GPS) system, a Beidou system or other positioning systems), an inertial measurement unit (inertial measurement unit, IMU) 222, Radar 223 , laser rangefinder 224 and camera 225 .
  • the sensor system 220 may also include sensors of the internal systems of the vehicle 200 being monitored (eg, an in-vehicle air quality monitor, a fuel gauge, an oil temperature gauge, etc.). Sensor data from one or more of these sensors can be used to detect objects and their corresponding characteristics (position, shape, orientation, velocity, etc.). This detection and identification is a critical function for the safe operation of autonomous vehicle 200 .
  • the positioning system 221 may be used to estimate the geographic location of the vehicle 200 .
  • the inertial measurement unit 222 is used to sense position and orientation changes of the vehicle 200 based on inertial acceleration.
  • the inertial measurement unit 222 may be a combination of an accelerometer and a gyroscope.
  • Radar 223 may utilize radio signals to sense objects within the surrounding environment of vehicle 200 .
  • radar 223 may be used to sense the speed and/or heading of objects.
  • the laser rangefinder 224 may utilize laser light to sense objects in the environment in which the vehicle 200 is located.
  • laser rangefinder 224 may include one or more laser sources, laser scanners, and one or more detectors, among other system components.
  • Camera 225 may be used to capture multiple images of the surrounding environment of vehicle 200 .
  • Camera 225 may be a still camera or a video camera.
  • Control system 230 controls the operation of the vehicle 200 and its components.
  • Control system 230 may include various elements, including steering system 231 , throttle 232 , braking unit 233 , sensor fusion algorithms 234 , computer vision system 235 , route control system 236 , and obstacle avoidance system 237 .
  • the steering system 231 is operable to adjust the heading of the vehicle 200 .
  • it may be a steering wheel system.
  • the throttle 232 is used to control the operating speed of the engine 211 and thus the speed of the vehicle 200 .
  • the braking unit 233 is used to control the deceleration of the vehicle 200 .
  • the braking unit 233 may use friction to slow the wheels/tires 214 .
  • the braking unit 233 may convert the kinetic energy of the wheels/tires 214 into electrical current.
  • the braking unit 233 may also take other forms to slow the wheels/tires 214 to control the speed of the vehicle 200 .
  • Computer vision system 235 is operable to process and analyze images captured by camera 225 in order to identify objects and/or features in the environment surrounding vehicle 200 .
  • the objects and/or features may include traffic signals, road boundaries and obstacles.
  • Computer vision system 235 may use object recognition algorithms, structure from motion (SFM) algorithms, video tracking, and other computer vision techniques. In some embodiments, the computer vision system 235 may be used to map the environment, track objects, estimate the speed of objects, and the like.
  • the route control system 236 is used to determine the route of travel of the vehicle 200 .
  • route control system 236 may combine data from sensor system 220 , positioning system 221 , and one or more predetermined maps to determine a driving route for vehicle 200 .
  • Obstacle avoidance system 237 is used to identify, evaluate and avoid or otherwise traverse potential obstacles in the environment of vehicle 200 .
  • control system 230 may additionally or alternatively include components other than those shown and described. Alternatively, some of the components shown above may be reduced.
  • Peripherals 240 may include a wireless communication system 241 , an onboard computer 242 , a microphone 243 and/or a speaker 244 .
  • peripherals 240 provide a means for a user of vehicle 200 to interact with user interface 270 .
  • the onboard computer 242 may provide information to the user of the vehicle 200 .
  • the user interface 270 may also operate the onboard computer 242 to receive user input.
  • the on-board computer 242 can be operated through a touch screen.
  • peripheral device 240 may provide a means for vehicle 200 to communicate with other devices located within the vehicle.
  • microphone 243 may receive audio (eg, voice commands or other audio input) from a user of vehicle 200 .
  • speakers 244 may output audio to a user of vehicle 200 .
  • Wireless communication system 241 may wirelessly communicate with one or more devices, either directly or via a communication network.
  • wireless communication system 241 may use 3G cellular communication such as code division multiple access (CDMA), EVDO, global system for mobile communications (GSM)/general packet radio service technology (general packet radio service, GPRS), or 4G cellular communications, such as long term evolution (LTE), or 5G cellular communications.
  • the wireless communication system 241 may communicate with a wireless local area network (WLAN) using WiFi.
  • the wireless communication system 241 may communicate directly with the device using an infrared link, Bluetooth, or ZigBee.
  • Other wireless protocols, such as various vehicle communication systems, for example, wireless communication system 241 may include one or more dedicated short range communications (DSRC) devices, which may include communication between vehicles and/or roadside stations public and/or private data communications.
  • DSRC dedicated short range communications
  • Power supply 250 may provide power to various components of vehicle 200 .
  • the power source 250 may be a rechargeable lithium-ion or lead-acid battery.
  • One or more battery packs of such batteries may be configured as a power source to provide power to various components of the vehicle 200 .
  • power source 250 and energy source 213 may be implemented together, such as in some all-electric vehicles.
  • Computer system 260 may include at least one processor 261 that executes instructions 263 stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as memory 262 .
  • Computer system 260 may also be multiple computing devices that control individual components or subsystems of vehicle 200 in a distributed fashion.
  • the processor 261 may be any conventional processor, such as a commercially available central processing unit (CPU). Alternatively, the processor may be a dedicated device such as application specific integrated circuits (ASIC) or other hardware-based processors.
  • FIG. 2 functionally illustrates a processor, memory, and other elements of the computer system 260 in the same blocks, one of ordinary skill in the art will understand that the processor, computer, or memory may actually include a processor, a computer, or a memory that may or may not Multiple processors, computers, or memories that are not stored within the same physical enclosure.
  • the memory may be a hard drive or other storage medium located within an enclosure other than computer system 260 .
  • processors or computers will be understood to include reference to a collection of processors or computers or memories that may or may not operate in parallel.
  • some components such as the steering and deceleration components may each have their own processor that only performs computations related to component-specific functions .
  • a processor may be located remotely from the vehicle and in wireless communication with the vehicle. In other aspects, some of the processes described herein are performed on a processor disposed within the vehicle while others are performed by a remote processor, including taking steps necessary to perform a single maneuver.
  • memory 262 may include instructions 263 (eg, program logic) executable by processor 261 to perform various functions of vehicle 200, including those described above.
  • Memory 262 may also contain additional instructions, including instructions to send data to, receive data from, interact with, and/or control one or more of travel system 210 , sensor system 220 , control system 230 , and peripherals 240 . instruction.
  • memory 262 may store data such as road maps, route information, vehicle location, direction, speed, and other such vehicle data, among other information. Such information may be used by the vehicle 200 and the computer system 260 during operation of the vehicle 200 in autonomous, semi-autonomous and/or manual modes.
  • User interface 270 for providing information to or receiving information from a user of vehicle 200 .
  • user interface 270 may include one or more input/output devices within the set of peripheral devices 240 , such as wireless communication system 241 , onboard computer 242 , microphone 243 and speaker 244 .
  • Computer system 260 may control functions of vehicle 200 based on input received from various subsystems (eg, travel system 210 , sensor system 220 , and control system 230 ) and from user interface 270 .
  • computer system 260 may utilize input from control system 230 in order to control steering system 231 to avoid obstacles detected by sensor system 220 and obstacle avoidance system 237 .
  • computer system 260 is operable to provide control of various aspects of vehicle 200 and its subsystems.
  • one or more of these components described above may be installed or associated with the vehicle 200 separately.
  • memory 262 may exist partially or completely separate from vehicle 200 .
  • the above-described components may be communicatively coupled together in a wired and/or wireless manner.
  • the above component is just an example.
  • components in each of the above modules may be added or deleted according to actual needs, and FIG. 2 should not be construed as a limitation on the embodiments of the present application.
  • a self-driving car traveling on a road can recognize objects in its surroundings to determine an adjustment to the current speed.
  • the objects may be other vehicles, traffic control equipment, or other types of objects.
  • each identified object may be considered independently, and based on the object's respective characteristics, such as its current speed, acceleration, distance from the vehicle, etc., may be used to determine the speed at which the autonomous vehicle is to adjust.
  • the autonomous vehicle vehicle 200 or a computing device associated with the autonomous vehicle 200 may be based on the characteristics of the identified objects and the state of the surrounding environment. (eg, traffic, rain, ice on the road, etc.) to predict the behavior of the identified object.
  • each identified object is dependent on the behavior of the other, so it is also possible to predict the behavior of a single identified object by considering all identified objects together.
  • the vehicle 200 can adjust its speed based on the predicted behavior of the identified object.
  • the self-driving car can determine what steady state the vehicle will need to adjust to (eg, accelerate, decelerate, or stop) based on the predicted behavior of the object.
  • other factors may also be considered to determine the speed of the vehicle 200, such as the lateral position of the vehicle 200 in the road being traveled, the curvature of the road, the proximity of static and dynamic objects, and the like.
  • the computing device may also provide instructions to modify the steering angle of the vehicle 200 so that the self-driving car follows a given trajectory and/or maintains contact with objects in the vicinity of the self-driving car (eg, , cars in adjacent lanes on the road) safe lateral and longitudinal distances.
  • objects in the vicinity of the self-driving car eg, , cars in adjacent lanes on the road
  • the above-mentioned vehicle 200 can be a car, a truck, a motorcycle, a bus, a boat, an airplane, a helicopter, a lawn mower, a recreational vehicle, a playground vehicle, construction equipment, a tram, a golf cart, a train, a cart, etc.
  • the application examples are not particularly limited.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic flowchart of a method for synchronizing signals between user equipments according to an embodiment of the present application. The method can be applied to the V2X communication system shown in FIG. 1 , and the method includes the following steps.
  • the first UE acquires synchronization information of at least one UE, and the at least one UE includes the second UE.
  • the V2X communication system may include multiple UEs, the multiple UEs may be in different V2X communication protocols, and the underlying technologies of the V2X communication protocols where the multiple UEs are located may be the same.
  • the first UE may be any UE among the plurality of UEs, and the at least one UE may be one or more UEs among other UEs except the first UE among the plurality of UEs.
  • the at least one UE may be a UE around the first UE or a UE adjacent to the first UE, and the first UE may detect or receive the information sent by the at least one UE.
  • each of the at least one UE may send out synchronization information, and the synchronization information may be used to achieve signal synchronization between the UE and other UEs.
  • the synchronization information of a UE may include a sidelink synchronization signal (sidelink synchronization signal, SLSS) identity of the UE and a master information block (master information block, MIB) of the UE.
  • the SLSS identifier can be used to indicate the SLSS group to which the UE belongs, and specifically may include a first identifier NID1 and a second identifier NID2, the first identifier NID1 may be the identifier of the UE in the SLSS group, and the second identifier NID2 may be the identifier of the UE in the SLSS group.
  • the main information block may include the frame number and subframe number where the synchronization information of the UE is located.
  • each of the at least one UE may send synchronization information to the outside, and the first UE may detect the synchronization information sent by the at least one UE, and parse the detected synchronization information.
  • the underlying technology of the V2X communication protocol is the same, so that the first UE can successfully parse the synchronization information of the at least one UE, and then obtain the synchronization information of the at least one UE.
  • the first UE detects and parses the synchronization information of the second UE, and can obtain the SLSS identifier of the second UE and the MIB of the second UE.
  • the SLSS identifier may include the first identifier NID1 and the second identifier NID2, and the MIB may include Frame number and subframe number.
  • the first UE may detect and analyze synchronization information sent by at least one UE in real time, or periodically detect and analyze synchronization information sent by at least one UE, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first UE determines that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol according to the synchronization information of the second UE, and the second V2X communication protocol is different from the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE.
  • the V2X communication protocol of a UE may refer to the V2X communication protocol used by the UE, or may refer to the V2X communication protocol where the UE is located.
  • the V2X communication protocols in which the multiple UEs included in the V2X communication system are located may include at least two V2X communication protocols, and the first V2X communication protocol of the first UE may be any one of the at least two V2X communication protocols.
  • the first UE may determine the V2X communication protocol of the second UE according to the frame number and the subframe number in the MIB of the synchronization information. Specifically, the first UE can first determine whether the synchronization offset indication type (synchronization offset indication type) corresponding to the second UE belongs to the first V2X communication protocol according to the frame number and the subframe number, and if so, the first UE can It is determined that the V2X protocol of the second UE is the first V2X communication protocol. If not, the first UE can further determine whether the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE belongs to the second V2X communication protocol. If so, the first UE can determine whether The V2X protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the synchronization offset indication type synchronization offset indication type
  • one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is a 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and the other is a CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol.
  • one of the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol is the WAVE V2X communication protocol, and the other is the CCSA WAVE V2X communication protocol.
  • the several V2X communication protocols listed above are only exemplary. In practical applications, the first V2X communication protocol and the second V2X communication protocol may also be other V2X communication protocols, for example, applied to the NR system. different V2X communication protocols, etc., which are not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the first UE determines the second UE according to the frame number f and the subframe number s.
  • the V2X communication protocol can specifically include:
  • the first UE determines whether the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE belongs to the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol according to the frame number f and the subframe number s through the type calculation formula (1) corresponding to the first V2X communication protocol. .
  • three synchronization offset indication types (denoted as type 11, type 12 and type 13) are defined in the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol, and these three types correspond to three preset offset values (denoted as offset value 11, offset value 12 and offset value 13), the transmission period of synchronization information in the 3GPP LTE-V2X communication protocol is 160ms.
  • % represents the remainder.
  • the first UE can determine that the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE belongs to the first UE.
  • the V2X communication protocol, and the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE is the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the offset value equal to that.
  • the first UE determines whether the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the second UE belongs to CCSA through the type calculation formula (II) to formula (V) corresponding to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • LTE-V2X communication protocol LTE-V2X communication protocol.
  • three synchronization offset indication types (denoted as type 21, type 22 and type 23) are defined in the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol, and these three types correspond to three preset offset values (denoted as offset value 21, offset value 22 and offset value 23), the transmission period of synchronization information in the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol is 256ms.
  • m represents the cycle index and the corresponding value range can be from 0 to 39
  • l represents the serial number of the bit that is 0 in the bitmap and the corresponding value range can be from 0 to 99
  • f The value range can be 0 to 1023.
  • the synchronization offset indication type corresponding to the UE belongs to the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol, that is, the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the CCSA LTE-V2X communication protocol.
  • the first UE may also use the calculation formulas corresponding to the types of other V2X communication protocols to continue to follow the above similar manner.
  • the communication protocol of the second UE is determined by means of the method, and the embodiment of the present application only takes two V2X communication protocols as an example for description, and does not limit the embodiment of the present application.
  • the second UE may be selected by the first UE from the multiple UEs according to the priority UE with the highest priority.
  • the multiple UEs may be UEs under the same V2X communication protocol, for example, the multiple UEs are all under the second V2X communication protocol; or the multiple UEs are UEs under different V2X communication protocols, for example, the multiple UEs are under different V2X communication protocols.
  • Each UE includes two UEs, one UE is in the second V2X communication protocol, and the other UE is in the third V2X communication protocol.
  • the third V2X communication protocol may refer to the same underlying technology as the first V2X communication protocol or the second V2X communication protocol. Different V2X communication protocols.
  • the multiple UEs include UE1 to UE3, and UE1 to UE3 are all in the second V2X communication protocol, if the priority of UE1 is lower than that of UE2 and the priority of UE2 is lower than that of UE3, then the first The UE may determine UE3 as the second UE.
  • the priorities of the multiple UEs may be sorted according to one or more of the signal energy, coverage, synchronization level, and priorities indicated by related protocols, and the embodiments of the present application are for this No specific description is given.
  • the first UE when the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the first UE may terminate the current service, and reconfigure the first UE according to the parameters or calculation formulas corresponding to the second V2X communication protocol, so as to switch the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the second V2X communication protocol when the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the first UE may terminate the current service, and reconfigure the first UE according to the parameters or calculation formulas corresponding to the second V2X communication protocol, so as to switch the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the second V2X communication protocol when the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the first UE may terminate the current service, and reconfigure the first UE according to the parameters or calculation formulas corresponding to the second V2X communication protocol, so as to switch the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the second V2X communication protocol when the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol may specifically be: when the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period, the first UE The UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol may specifically be: when the first UE periodically receives the synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period, the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol may specifically be: when the first UE does not receive the synchronization information of the UE in the first V2X communication protocol within the first time period, and When periodically receiving the synchronization information of the second UE within the second time period, the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the switching of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol may further include: the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.
  • the second UE is the only UE in the second V2X communication protocol, or the UEs in the second V2X communication protocol include only the second UE, and the first UE can switch to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.
  • both the first UE and the second UE switch the V2X communication protocol, so that the first UE still cannot be in the same V2X communication protocol with the second UE after the switching.
  • the first UE can also switch to the second V2X communication protocol after waiting for a third time period.
  • first duration and the second duration can be set in advance, and the first duration and the second duration can be equal or unequal
  • the third duration can also be set in advance, and the third duration can be set to a random duration It can also be set as a fixed duration, and the specific values of the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration are not limited in this embodiment of the present application.
  • the method may further include: S300.
  • the first UE acquires handover authorization information, where the handover authorization information is used to indicate a V2X communication protocol that allows the first UE to be handed over.
  • the authority to allow switching of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE may be configured by the system or may be set by the user.
  • the system may automatically configure the switching authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE as authorization.
  • the permission is set by the user, the user may set the switching permission of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to authorized in advance, or set the switching permission of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to unauthorized.
  • the first UE may also display switching prompt information to the user to prompt the user to set the switching authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to authorized.
  • the first UE when the handover authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is authorized, the first UE can directly obtain handover authorization information according to the handover authority, that is, the first UE can directly determine that the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is allowed to be handed over.
  • the handover authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE is unauthorized, the first UE may send an authorization request to prompt the user to set the handover authority of the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to authorize, so that when the user sets the authority to authorize When , the first UE can obtain the handover authorization information.
  • S304 The first UE realizes signal synchronization with the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.
  • both the first UE and the second UE are in the second V2X communication protocol, so that the first UE and the second UE can achieve signal synchronization, thereby solving the problem of different situations in the prior art.
  • the two UEs of the V2X communication protocol cannot achieve signal synchronization between the two UEs according to the prior art.
  • the first UE when the first UE is within the coverage of the GNSS or the cell and the second UE is not within the coverage of the GNSS or the cell, after the first UE switches to the second V2X communication protocol, the first UE can synchronize to the GNSS or the cell, and send a synchronization signal to the second UE to synchronize the second UE to the first UE, so as to realize signal synchronization between the first UE and the second UE based on the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the first UE synchronizes itself first, and sends a synchronization signal to the UE to synchronize the second UE to the first UE, thereby implementing the first UE.
  • the UE and the second UE are synchronized based on the signals of the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the at least one UE further includes a third UE.
  • the method may further include: S303a-S304a.
  • the first UE may obtain the synchronization information of the third UE, and determine the third UE according to the synchronization information of the third UE according to the methods described in S1 to S3 above.
  • the V2X communication protocol of the UE is the first V2X communication protocol.
  • at least one UE around the first UE includes a second UE in the second V2X communication protocol and a third UE in the first V2X communication protocol, so that the first UE can maintain the first V2X communication protocol, that is, the first The UE may not switch the V2X communication protocol and is still in the first V2X communication protocol.
  • the first UE inhibits the first UE from switching to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • S304a The first UE realizes signal synchronization with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol.
  • both the first UE and the third UE are in the first V2X communication protocol, so that the first UE and the third UE can realize signal synchronization based on the first V2X communication protocol, and then the signal synchronization After that, data transmission is performed to realize information transmission between the first UE and the third UE.
  • the first UE may include: a communication protocol management unit 501 , an authorization management unit 502 , a synchronization state management unit 503 , a synchronization state detection unit 504 , a signal synchronization unit 505 and a signal transceiving unit 506 .
  • the communication protocol management unit 501 is mainly used to control the V2X communication protocol of the first UE, for example, select the default V2X communication protocol when the first UE is powered on, and determine whether the V2X communication protocol needs to be switched during the operation of the first UE.
  • the authorization request is triggered when the V2X communication protocol needs to be switched, and the V2X communication protocol is controlled to be switched after the authorization is confirmed.
  • the authorization management unit 502 is mainly used to store or manage authorization information, for example, when the user sets in advance to allow switching of the V2X communication protocol, store the authorization information, or prompt the user whether to switch the V2X communication protocol when the user does not have prior authorization.
  • the synchronization state management unit 503 is mainly used to cache synchronization information of at least one UE detected by the synchronization state detection unit 504, determine the V2X communication protocol of each UE, and control the signal synchronization unit 505 to realize signal synchronization.
  • the synchronization state detection unit 504 is mainly used for analyzing and classifying the detected synchronization signal of the at least one UE, and for prioritizing the at least one UE.
  • the signal synchronization unit 505 is mainly used for realizing signal synchronization between the first UE and other UEs, for example, for realizing signal synchronization between the first UE and the second UE or the third UE.
  • the signal transceiving unit 506 is mainly used for sending synchronization information of the first UE, detecting or receiving synchronization information of other UEs, and performing information transmission after signal synchronization with other UEs.
  • the synchronization state detecting unit 504 may parse the synchronization information of the at least one UE, and prioritize the at least one UE. Then send the relevant information to the synchronization state management unit 503, for example, the synchronization state detection unit 504 parses the synchronization information of the second UE to obtain the SLSS identity of the second UE and the main information block of the second UE, and sends them to the synchronization state Management unit 503.
  • the synchronization state management unit 503 buffers the received relevant information, and determines the V2X communication protocol of each UE according to the relevant information, for example, determines that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE is the second V2X communication protocol, and determines the V2X communication protocol of the third UE The communication protocol is the first V2X communication protocol. Afterwards, the synchronization state management unit 503 may send each UE and relevant information of the V2X communication protocol in which the UE is located to the communication protocol management unit 501, and the communication protocol management unit 501 determines whether the V2X communication protocol needs to be switched. If it is determined that switching is required, the communication protocol management unit 501 can apply to the authorization management unit 502 for authorization.
  • the authorization management unit 502 can directly reply to the communication protocol management unit 501 that the authorization is successful. If the user has not authorized in advance, the authorization management unit 502 prompts the user to reply to the communication protocol management unit 501 that the authorization is successful after obtaining the authorization. After the communication protocol management unit 501 receives the successful authorization information, the communication protocol management unit 501 can switch the V2X communication protocol. For example, the communication protocol management unit 501 switches the V2X communication protocol of the first UE to the second V2X communication protocol.
  • the UE when the first UE acquires the synchronization information of at least one UE, if it is determined according to the synchronization information that the V2X communication protocol of the second UE of the at least one UE is the second V2X communication protocol and is the same as the first V2X communication protocol
  • the UE can switch to the second V2X communication protocol and achieve signal synchronization with the second UE, thereby solving the problem that two UEs in different V2X communication protocols cannot achieve signal synchronization in the prior art.
  • the first UE maintains the first V2X communication protocol and implements a signal with the third UE based on the first V2X communication protocol. synchronization, thereby avoiding the problem that the first UE cannot stably receive the synchronization information of the second UE, and the signal synchronization between the first UE and the second UE cannot be realized, thereby causing communication failure.
  • each network element such as the first UE and the second UE.
  • each network element such as the first UE and the second UE.
  • it includes corresponding hardware structures and/or software modules for executing each function.
  • the present application can be implemented in hardware or a combination of hardware and computer software with the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein. Whether a function is performed by hardware or computer software driving hardware depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Skilled artisans may implement the described functionality using different methods for each particular application, but such implementations should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.
  • the first UE may be divided into functional modules according to the foregoing method examples.
  • each functional module may be divided corresponding to each function, or two or more functions may be integrated into one module.
  • the above-mentioned integrated modules can be implemented in the form of hardware, and can also be implemented in the form of software function modules. It should be noted that, the division of modules in the embodiments of the present application is schematic, and is only a logical function division, and there may be other division manners in actual implementation. The following is an example of dividing each function module corresponding to each function to illustrate:
  • FIG. 6 shows a possible schematic structural diagram of the signal synchronization apparatus involved in the above embodiment.
  • the apparatus may be the first UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, and the apparatus includes: an acquiring unit 601 , a determining unit 602 , a switching unit 603 and a synchronization unit 604 .
  • the acquisition unit 601 may correspond to the signal transceiving unit 506 and the authorization management unit 502 in FIG.
  • the determining unit 602 may correspond to the synchronization state management unit 503 and the synchronization state detection unit 504 in FIG. 5
  • the switching unit 603 may correspond to the
  • the communication protocol management unit 501 and the synchronization unit 604 may correspond to the signal synchronization unit 505 in FIG. 5 .
  • the determining unit 602 and the switching unit 603 in this application may be part of the functions of the processor of the device, and the acquiring unit 601 and the synchronization unit 604 may be part of the functions of the transceiver and processor of the device
  • the transceiver may generally include a transmitter and a receiver, and a specific transceiver may also be referred to as a communication interface.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a possible logical structure of the signal synchronization apparatus involved in the above embodiments provided by the embodiments of the present application.
  • the apparatus may be the first UE or a built-in chip of the first UE, and the apparatus includes: a processor 702 and a communication interface 703 .
  • the processor 702 is used to control and manage the actions of the device.
  • the processor 702 can be used to support the device to perform S301 to S304a in the above embodiments through the communication interface 703, and/or other techniques used in the techniques described herein. process.
  • the device can also include a memory 701 and a bus 704, the processor 702, the communication interface 703 and the memory 701 are connected to each other through the bus 704; the communication interface 703 is used to support the device to communicate; the memory 701 is used to store the program code of the device and data.
  • the processor 702 may be a central processing unit, a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array, or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof. It may implement or execute the various exemplary logical blocks, modules and circuits described in connection with this disclosure.
  • the processor may also be a combination that performs computing functions, such as a combination comprising one or more microprocessors, a combination of a digital signal processor and a microprocessor, and the like.
  • the bus 704 may be a peripheral component interconnect (PCI) bus or an Extended industry standard architecture (EISA) bus or the like.
  • PCI peripheral component interconnect
  • EISA Extended industry standard architecture
  • a readable storage medium is also provided, where computer execution instructions are stored in the readable storage medium. Steps of the first UE in the provided signal synchronization method.
  • the aforementioned readable storage medium may include: U disk, removable hard disk, read-only memory, random access memory, magnetic disk or optical disk and other media that can store program codes.
  • a computer program product in another embodiment, includes computer-executable instructions, and the computer-executable instructions are stored in a computer-readable storage medium; at least one processor of the device can be obtained from a computer-readable storage medium.
  • the computer-executable instruction is read by reading the storage medium, and at least one processor executes the computer-executable instruction to cause the device to perform steps of the first UE in the signal synchronization method provided by the above method embodiments.

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Abstract

一种用户设备间的信号同步方法及装置,涉及车联网V2X、智能汽车、自动驾驶和智能网联汽车等技术领域,用于解决处于不同V2X通信协议的两个UE无法实现信号同步的问题。信号同步方法包括:第一UE获取至少一个UE的同步信息,至少一个UE包括第二UE;第一UE根据第二UE的同步信息确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,第二V2X通信协议与第一UE的第一V2X通信协议不同;第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议;第一UE基于第二V2X通信协议与第二UE实现信号同步。

Description

一种用户设备间的信号同步方法及装置 技术领域
本申请涉及车联网技术领域,尤其涉及一种用户设备间的信号同步方法及装置。
背景技术
车联网(vehicle to everything,V2X)是指通过装载在车辆上的用户设备(user equipment,UE)提供车辆信息,并通过各种通信技术实现车辆与车辆(vehicle to vehicle,V2V)、车辆与行人(vehicle to pedestrian,V2P)、车辆与基础设施(vehicle to infrastructure,V2I)、以及车辆与网络(vehicle to network,V2N)等之间的通信。
其中,对于长期演进(long term evolution,LTE)系统,V2X通信协议(也可以称为技术标准)主要包括3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议和CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议。这两个通信协议的底层技术都基于3GPP协议,采用这两个通信协议的UE之间可以互相成功解析同步信号。
另外,V2X的资源分配方式通常可以包括两种:第一种、调度模式,即由基站为UE分配用于V2X通信的侧行链路资源;第二种、自主选择模式,即UE从预配置的资源池中自主地选择用于V2X通信的侧行链路资源。
现有技术中,对于同一V2X通信协议内的多个UE(比如,UE1和UE2),无论这多个UE采用的资源分配方式为调度模式,还是自主选择模式,这多个UE均可以通过以下方式中的一种来实现信号同步:UE1和UE2都同步到全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS),UE1和UE2都同步到蜂窝小区,UE1同步到GNSS或蜂窝小区、UE2同步到UE1,UE1自同步、UE2同步到UE1。
但是,对于处于不同V2X通信协议的多个UE,存在着这多个UE之间无法根据上述现有技术的方式实现信号同步的问题。具体的,假设UE1处于3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议、UE2处于CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议:若UE1在GNSS覆盖下、UE2没在GNSS或者蜂窝小区覆盖下,UE2可以接收到UE1的同步信号,但是由于同步信号和数据的收发子帧的位置不同,UE2仍无法同步到UE1;若UE1和UE2均没在GNSS或蜂窝小区的覆盖下,且UE1和UE2均使用自主选择模式确定侧行链路资源,则UE1和UE2使用不同的收发子帧配置,从而UE1和UE2无法实现同步。
发明内容
本申请提供一种用户设备间的信号同步方法及装置,用于解决现有技术中处于不同V2X通信协议的两个UE无法实现信号同步的问题。
为达到上述目的,本申请采用如下技术方案:
第一方面,提供一种用户设备间的信号同步方法,该方法包括:第一用户设备UE获取至少一个UE的同步信息,至少一个UE包括第二UE;第一UE根据第二UE的同步信息确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,第二V2X通信协议与第一UE的第一V2X通信协议不同,比如,第一V2X通信协议为3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议,第二V2X通信协议为CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议,二者的底层技术都是3GPP 技术;第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议,比如,第一UE将用于V2X通信的相关参数配置为第二V2X通信协议中的参数;第一UE基于第二V2X通信协议与第二UE实现信号同步。
上述技术方案中,第一UE在获取到至少一个UE的同步信息时,若根据该同步信息确定至少一个UE的第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议且与第一UE的第一V2X通信协议不同时,可以切换至第二V2X通信协议并与第二UE实现信号同步,从而解决了现有技术中处于不同V2X通信协议的两个UE无法实现信号同步的问题。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议,包括:当第一UE在第一时长内未接收到处于第一V2X通信协议的UE的同步信息时,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议,第一时长可以事先进行设置。上述可能的实现方式中,可以使第一UE在未接收到处于第一V2X通信协议的UE的同步信息时,通过切换第二V2X通信协议,从而基于第二V2X通信协议与第二UE实现信号同步。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议,还包括:当第一UE在第二时长内周期性地接收到第二UE的同步信息时,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议,第一时长可以事先进行设置。上述可能的实现方式中,可以使第一UE在能够稳定地接收到处于第二V2X通信协议的UE的同步信息时,通过切换第二V2X通信协议,从而基于第二V2X通信协议与第二UE实现信号同步。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议之前,该方法还包括:第一UE获取切换授权信息,切换授权信息用于指示允许切换第一UE的V2X通信协议。其中,是否允许切换第一UE的V2X通信协议的权限可以由系统进行配置,也可以由用户进行设置。上述可能的实现方式中,通过在确定允许切换第一UE的V2X通信协议后,将第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议,从而可以保证切换的安全性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中,当处于第二V2X通信协议的UE仅包括第二UE时,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议,包括:第一UE等待第三时长后切换至第二V2X通信协议。上述可能的实现方式中,当第二UE为处于第二V2X通信协议中的唯一UE时,通过等待第三时长后切换可以避免第一UE和第二UE都切换V2X通信协议,从而导致第一UE切换后仍无法与第二UE处于同一V2X通信协议的问题。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中,至少一个UE包括多个UE,至少多个UE的V2X通信协议均与第一V2X通信协议不同,该方法还包括:第一UE根据优先级从多个UE中选择优先级最高的UE作为第二UE。可选的,这多个UE的优先级可以是根据信号能量、覆盖范围、同步级别、以及相关协议指示的优先级中的一种或者多种方式进行排序得到的。上述可能的实现方式中,第一UE通过选择优先级最高的UE作为第二UE,从而后续基于第二V2X通信协议与第二UE实现信号同步时可以提高信号传输的可靠性。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中,第二UE的同步信息包括以下至少一项:第二UE的直通链路同步信号SLSS标识,第二UE的主信息块;其中,该主信息块包括第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和子帧号;相应的,第一UE根据第二UE的同步信 息确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,包括:第一UE根据第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和子帧号,确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议。上述可能的实现方式中,提供了一种简单有效的确定第二UE的V2X通信协议的方式。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中,至少一个UE还包括第三UE,该方法还包括:第一UE确定第三UE的V2X通信协议为第一V2X通信协议;第一UE保持第一V2X通信协议。进一步的,该方法还包括:第一UE基于第一V2X通信协议与第三UE实现信号同步。上述可能的实现方式中,第一UE保持第一V2X通信协议并与第三UE基于第一V2X通信协议实现信号同步,可以避免第一UE无法稳定接收到第二UE的同步信息,进而造成通信故障的问题。
在第一方面的一种可能的实现方式中,第一V2X通信协议和第二V2X通信协议中的一个为3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议;或者,第一V2X通信协议和第二V2X通信协议中的一个为WAVE V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSA WAVE V2X通信协议。
第二方面,提供一种信号同步装置,该装置作为第一用户设备UE或者第一UE内置的芯片,包括:获取单元,用于获取至少一个UE的同步信息,至少一个UE包括第二UE;确定单元,用于根据第二UE的同步信息确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,第二V2X通信协议与第一UE的第一V2X通信协议不同;切换单元,用于切换至第二V2X通信协议;同步单元,用于基于第二V2X通信协议与第二UE实现信号同步。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中,切换单元还用于:当第一UE在第一时长内未接收到处于第一V2X通信协议的UE的同步信息时,切换至第二V2X通信协议。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中,切换单元还用于:当第一UE在第二时长内周期性地接收到第二UE的同步信息时,切换至第二V2X通信协议。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中,获取单元还用于:获取切换授权信息,切换授权信息用于指示允许切换第一UE的V2X通信协议。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中,当处于第二V2X通信协议的UE仅包括第二UE时,切换单元还用于:等待第三时长后切换至第二V2X通信协议。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中,至少一个UE包括多个UE,至少多个UE的V2X通信协议均与第一V2X通信协议不同,确定单元还用于:根据优先级从多个UE中选择优先级最高的UE作为第二UE。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中,第二UE的同步信息包括以下至少一项:第二UE的直通链路同步信号SLSS标识,第二UE的主信息块;其中,该主信息块包括第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和子帧号;相应的,确定单元还用于:根据第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和子帧号,确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中,至少一个UE还包括第三UE;确定单元,还用于确定第三UE的V2X通信协议为第一V2X通信协议;切换单元,还用于保持第一V2X通信协议。进一步的,同步单元还用于:基于第一V2X通信协议与第三UE 实现信号同步。
在第二方面的一种可能的实现方式中,第一V2X通信协议和第二V2X通信协议中的一个为3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议;或者,第一V2X通信协议和第二V2X通信协议中的一个为WAVE V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSA WAVE V2X通信协议。
第三方面,提供一种信号同步装置,该装置作为第一用户设备UE或者第一UE内置的芯片,该装置包括处理器、以及与处理器连接的存储器,该存储器用于存储指令,当该指令被处理器执行时,使得该装置执行以下步骤:获取至少一个UE的同步信息,至少一个UE包括第二UE;根据第二UE的同步信息确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,第二V2X通信协议与第一UE的第一V2X通信协议不同;切换至第二V2X通信协议;基于第二V2X通信协议与第二UE实现信号同步。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中,该装置还执行以下步骤:当第一UE在第一时长内未接收到处于第一V2X通信协议的UE的同步信息时,切换至第二V2X通信协议。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中,该装置还执行以下步骤:当第一UE在第二时长内周期性地接收到第二UE的同步信息时,切换至第二V2X通信协议。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中,该装置还执行以下步骤:获取切换授权信息,切换授权信息用于指示允许切换第一UE的V2X通信协议。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中,当处于第二V2X通信协议的UE仅包括第二UE时,切换单元还用于:等待第三时长后切换至第二V2X通信协议。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中,至少一个UE包括多个UE,至少多个UE的V2X通信协议均与第一V2X通信协议不同,该装置还执行以下步骤:根据优先级从多个UE中选择优先级最高的UE作为第二UE。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中,第二UE的同步信息包括以下至少一项:第二UE的直通链路同步信号SLSS标识,第二UE的主信息块;其中,该主信息块包括第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和子帧号;相应的,该装置还执行以下步骤:根据第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和子帧号,确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中,至少一个UE还包括第三UE,该装置还执行以下步骤:确定第三UE的V2X通信协议为第一V2X通信协议;保持第一V2X通信协议。进一步的,该装置还执行以下步骤:基于第一V2X通信协议与第三UE实现信号同步。
在第三方面的一种可能的实现方式中,第一V2X通信协议和第二V2X通信协议中的一个为3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议;或者,第一V2X通信协议和第二V2X通信协议中的一个为WAVE V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSA WAVE V2X通信协议。
本申请的又一方面,提供一种可读存储介质,该可读存储介质中存储有指令,当可读存储介质在设备上运行时,使得该设备执行第一方面或者第一方面的任一项可能的实现方式所提供的方法。
本申请的又一方面,提供一种计算机程序产品,当该计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时,使得该计算机执行第一方面或者第一方面的任一项可能的实现方式所提供的方法。
可以理解地,上述提供的任一种用户设备间的信号同步方法的装置、计算机存储介质或者计算机程序产品均用于执行上文所提供的对应的方法,因此,其所能达到的有益效果可参考上文所提供的对应的方法中的有益效果,此处不再赘述。
附图说明
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种V2X通信系统的结构示意图;
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种车辆的结构示意图;
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种信号同步方法的流程示意图;
图4为本申请实施例提供的另一种信号同步方法的流程示意图;
图5为本申请实施例提供的一种第一UE的结构框图;
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种第一UE的结构示意图;
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种第一UE的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请中,“至少一个”是指一个或者多个,“多个”是指两个或两个以上。“和/或”,描述关联对象的关联关系,表示可以存在三种关系,例如,A和/或B,可以表示:单独存在A,同时存在A和B,单独存在B的情况,其中A,B可以是单数或者复数。字符“/”一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。“以下至少一项(个)”或其类似表达,是指的这些项中的任意组合,包括单项(个)或复数项(个)的任意组合。例如,a,b,或c中的至少一项(个),可以表示:a,b,c,a-b,a-c,b-c,或a-b-c,其中a,b,c可以是单个,也可以是多个。另外,本申请实施例采用了“第一”、“第二”等字样对功能和作用基本相同的相同项或相似项进行区分。例如,第一阈值和第二阈值仅仅是为了区分不同的阈值,并不对其先后顺序进行限定。本领域技术人员可以理解“第一”、“第二”等字样并不对数量和执行次序进行限定。
需要说明的是,本申请中,“示例性的”或者“例如”等词用于表示作例子、例证或说明。本申请中被描述为“示例性的”或者“例如”的任何实施例或设计方案不应被解释为比其他实施例或设计方案更优选或更具优势。确切而言,使用“示例性的”或者“例如”等词旨在以具体方式呈现相关概念。
在介绍本申请的技术方案之前,首先对本申请实施例所涉及的相关技术和概念进行介绍说明。
车联网(vehicle to everything,V2X)通信也可以称为车与外界的信息交换,V2X通信可以包括车辆与车辆(vehicle to vehicle,V2V)、车辆与行人(vehicle to pedestrian,V2P)、车辆与基础设施(vehicle to infrastructure,V2I)、以及车辆与网络(vehicle to network,V2N)等之间的通信。
V2X通信协议可以是指一种应用于V2X的通信协议或者技术标准,V2X通信协议也可以称为V2X技术标准。比如,在长期演进(long term evolution,LTE)系统中,V2X通信协议可以包括底层技术都为第三代合作伙伴计划(the 3rd generation partnership project,3GPP)技术的3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议和CCSA LTE-V2X通信协 议。再比如,V2X通信协议可以包括底层技术均为车载环境的无线接入(wireless access for vehicular environments,WAVE)技术的WAVE V2X通信协议和CCSA WAVE-V2X通信协议。3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议可以是一种欧洲基于3GPP技术的制定的应用于LTE系统的V2X通信协议;CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议是一种中国通信标准化协会(china communications standards association,CCSA)基于3GPP技术制定的应用于LTE系统的V2X通信协议。WAVE-V2X通信协议是一种美国制定的基于WAVE技术的V2X通信协议;CCSA WAVE-V2X通信协议是一种CCSA基于WAVE技术制定的V2X通信协议。
其中,V2X中的两个用户设备(user equipment,UE)之间在进行通信时,需要先进行信号同步,而信号同步需要基于相同的V2X通信协议,即这两个UE需要处于相同的V2X通信协议。另外,处于底层技术相同的不同V2X通信协议的两个UE可以成功解析对方的同步信息,比如,两个UE中的一个处于3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议,另一个处于CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议,则这两个UE可以相互成功解析对方的同步信息;处于底层技术不同的不同V2X通信协议的两个UE无法解析对端的同步信息,比如,两个UE中的一个处于3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议,另一个处于WAVE-V2X通信协议,则这两个UE无法相互解析对方的同步信息。
UE间的信号同步可以是指使需要通信的多个UE具有相同的时间参考信号。以两个UE(比如,UE1和UE2)为例,处于同一V2X通信协议的两个UE之间的信号同步可以包括以下几种方式:第一种、UE1和UE2都同步到全球导航卫星系统(global navigation satellite system,GNSS),即UE1和UE2都处于GNSS的覆盖范围,由GNSS向UE1和UE2发送同步信息,UE1和UE2均基于GNSS发送的同步信息进行信号同步,以实现这两个UE的信号同步;第二种、UE1和UE2都同步到蜂窝小区,即UE1和UE2都处于蜂窝小区的覆盖范围,由蜂窝小区向UE1和UE2都发送同步信息,UE1和UE2均基于蜂窝小区发送的同步信息进行信号同步,以实现这两个UE的信号同步;第三种、UE1同步到GNSS或蜂窝小区、UE2同步到UE1,即UE1处于GNSS的覆盖范围或蜂窝小区的覆盖范围、UE2不在GNSS的覆盖范围或蜂窝小区的覆盖范围,由GNSS或蜂窝小区向UE1发送同步信息,UE1基于GNSS或蜂窝小区发送的同步信息进行信号同步,此外UE1向UE2发送同步信息,UE2基于UE1发送的同步信息进行信号同步,以实现这两个UE的信号同步;第四种、UE1自同步、UE2同步到UE1,即UE1在本地确定同步信号,并向UE2发送同步信息,UE2基于UE1发送的同步信息进行信号同步,以实现这两个UE的信号同步。
本申请的技术方案可以应用于各种通信系统,例如:长期演进(long time evolution,LTE)系统、LTE频分双工(frequency division duplex,FDD)系统、LTE时分双工(time division duplex,TDD)系统、通用移动通信系统(universal mobile telecommunication system,UMTS)、全球互联微波接入(worldwide interoperability for microwave access,WiMAX)通信系统、公共陆地移动网络(public land mobile network,PLMN)系统、以及未来的5G通信系统等。本申请的技术方案可以包括多种应用场景,例如,机器对机器(machine to machine,M2M)、设备对机器(device to machine,D2M)、设备对设备(device to device,D2D)、宏微通信、增强型移动互联网(enhance mobile  broadband,eMBB)、超高可靠性与超低时延通信(ultra reliable&low latency communication,uRLLC)以及海量物联网通信(massive machine type communication,mMTC)等场景。
本申请实施例描述的网络架构以及业务场景是为了更加清楚的说明本申请实施例的技术方案,并不构成对于本申请实施例提供的技术方案的限定,本领域普通技术人员可知,随着网络架构的演变和新业务场景的出现,本申请实施例提供的技术方案对于类似的技术问题,同样适用。
图1为本申请实施例提供的一种车联网(Vehicle To Everything,V2X)通信系统的结构示意图,该V2X通信系统中可以包括多个UE,这多个UE中的每个UE可以向其他UE发送同步信息,并在与其他UE实现信息同步后,可与其他UE进行信息传输。其中,图1中的多个UE可以处于不同的V2X通信协议,这多个UE所处的不同的V2X通信协议的底层技术可以是相同的,从而这多个UE中的每个UE在接收到来自其他UE的同步信息时,可以成功解析其他UE的同步信息。示例性的,这多个UE所处的V2X通信协议可以包括3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议和CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议;或者,这多个UE所处的V2X通信协议可以包括WAVE V2X通信协议和CCSA WAVE-V2X通信协议。
在图1中的(a)中,这多个UE可以包括四个UE且分别表示为UE1、UE2、UE3和UE4,UE1可以向其他UE发送同步信息1,UE2可以向其他UE发送同步信息2,UE3可以向其他UE发送同步信息3,UE4可以向其他UE发送同步信息4。其中,UE1所处的V2X通信协议可以与UE2至UE4所处的V2X通信协议不同,比如,UE1处于3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议,UE2至UE4处于CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议。
在图1中的(b)中,这多个UE可以包括两个UE且分别表示为UE1和UE2,UE1可以向UE2发送同步信息1,UE2可以向UE1发送同步信息2。其中,UE1所处的V2X通信协议可以与UE2所处的V2X通信协议不同,比如,UE1处于3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议,UE2处于CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议。
其中,本申请中的UE可以是一种具有无线通信功能的设备,可以部署在陆地上,包括室内或室外、手持或车载。也可以部署在水面上(如轮船等)。还可以部署在空中(例如飞机、气球和卫星上等)。UE又称之为终端、移动台(mobile station,MS)、移动终端(mobile terminal,MT)以及终端设备等,是一种向用户提供语音和/或数据连通性的设备。例如,UE可以是:手机(mobile phone)、平板电脑、笔记本电脑、掌上电脑、移动互联网设备(mobile internet device,MID)、可穿戴设备(例如智能手表、智能手环、计步器等)、车载设备(例如,汽车、自行车、电动车、飞机、船舶、火车、高铁等)、虚拟现实(virtual reality,VR)设备、增强现实(augmented reality,AR)设备、工业控制(industrial control)中的无线终端、智能家居设备(例如,冰箱、电视、空调、电表等)、智能机器人、车间设备、无人驾驶(self-driving)中的无线终端、远程手术(remote medical surgery)中的无线终端、智能电网(smart grid)中的无线终端、运输安全(transportation safety)中的无线终端、智慧城市(smart city)中的无线终端,或智慧家庭(smart home)中的无线终端、飞行设备(例如,智能机器人、热气球、无人机、飞机)等。本申请一种可能的应用的场景中该UE为经常工 作在地面的车载设备。在本申请中,为了便于叙述,部署在上述设备中的芯片,例如片上系统(system-on-a-chip,SOC)、基带芯片等,或者其他具备通信功能的芯片也可以称为UE。
进一步的,该V2X通信系统还可以包括接入网设备,该接入网设备用于为小区提供服务,这多个UE可以全部或者部分地处于该接入网设备的小区的覆盖范围中。其中,该接入网设备可以为WLAN中的接入点(Access Point,AP),LTE系统中的演进型基站(evolved Node B,eNB或eNodeB),中继站或接入点,未来5G网络中的网络设备或者未来演进的PLMN网络中的接入网设备等。另外,该小区可以是接入网设备(例如基站)对应的小区,小区可以属于宏基站,也可以属于小小区(small cell)对应的基站,这里的小小区可以包括:城市小区(metro cell)、微小区(micro cell)、微微小区(Pico cell)、毫微微小区(femto cell)等,这些小小区具有覆盖范围小和发射功率低的特点,适用于提供高速率的数据传输服务。
图2是本申请实施例提供的具有自动驾驶功能的车辆200的功能框图,该车辆200为一种UE的示例。在一个实施例中,将车辆200配置为完全或部分地自动驾驶模式。例如,车辆200可以在处于自动驾驶模式中的同时控制自身,并且可通过人为操作来确定车辆及其周边环境的当前状态,确定周边环境中的至少一个其他车辆的可能行为,并确定该其他车辆执行可能行为的可能性相对应的置信水平,基于所确定的信息来控制车辆200。在车辆200处于自动驾驶模式中时,可以将车辆200置为在没有和人交互的情况下操作。
车辆200可包括各种子系统,例如行进系统210、传感器系统220、控制系统230、一个或多个外围设备240以及电源250、计算机系统260和用户接口270。可选地,车辆200可包括更多或更少的子系统,并且每个子系统可包括多个元件。另外,车辆200的每个子系统和元件可以通过有线或者无线互连。
行进系统210可包括为车辆200提供动力运动的组件。在一个实施例中,行进系统210可包括引擎211、传动装置212、能量源213和车轮/轮胎214。引擎211可以是内燃引擎、电动机、空气压缩引擎或其他类型的引擎组合,例如气油发动机和电动机组成的混动引擎,内燃引擎和空气压缩引擎组成的混动引擎。引擎211将能量源213转换成机械能量。
能量源213的示例包括汽油、柴油、其他基于石油的燃料、丙烷、其他基于压缩气体的燃料、乙醇、太阳能电池板、电池和其他电力来源。能量源213也可以为车辆200的其他系统提供能量。
传动装置212可以将来自引擎211的机械动力传送到车轮/轮胎214。传动装置212可包括变速箱、差速器和驱动轴。在一个实施例中,传动装置212还可以包括其他器件,比如离合器。其中,驱动轴可包括可耦合到一个或多个车轮/轮胎214的一个或多个轴。
传感器系统220可包括感测关于车辆200周边的环境的信息的若干个传感器。例如,传感器系统220可包括定位系统221(定位系统可以是全球定位系统(global positioning system,GPS)系统,也可以是北斗系统或者其他定位系统)、惯性测量单元(inertial measurement unit,IMU)222、雷达223、激光测距仪224以及相机225。 传感器系统220还可包括被监视车辆200的内部系统的传感器(例如,车内空气质量监测器、燃油量表、机油温度表等)。来自这些传感器中的一个或多个的传感器数据可用于检测对象及其相应特性(位置、形状、方向、速度等)。这种检测和识别是自主车辆200的安全操作的关键功能。
定位系统221可用于估计车辆200的地理位置。惯性测量单元222用于基于惯性加速度来感测车辆200的位置和朝向变化。在一个实施例中,惯性测量单元222可以是加速度计和陀螺仪的组合。
雷达223可利用无线电信号来感测车辆200的周边环境内的物体。在一些实施例中,除了感测物体以外,雷达223还可用于感测物体的速度和/或前进方向。
激光测距仪224可利用激光来感测车辆200所位于的环境中的物体。在一些实施例中,激光测距仪224可包括一个或多个激光源、激光扫描器以及一个或多个检测器,以及其他系统组件。
相机225可用于捕捉车辆200的周边环境的多个图像。相机225可以是静态相机或视频相机。
控制系统230为控制车辆200及其组件的操作。控制系统230可包括各种元件,其中包括转向系统231、油门232、制动单元233、传感器融合算法234、计算机视觉系统235、路线控制系统236以及障碍规避系统237。
转向系统231可操作来调整车辆200的前进方向。例如在一个实施例中可以为方向盘系统。
油门232用于控制引擎211的操作速度并进而控制车辆200的速度。
制动单元233用于控制车辆200减速。制动单元233可使用摩擦力来减慢车轮/轮胎214。在其他实施例中,制动单元233可将车轮/轮胎214的动能转换为电流。制动单元233也可采取其他形式来减慢车轮/轮胎214转速从而控制车辆200的速度。
计算机视觉系统235可以操作来处理和分析由相机225捕捉的图像以便识别车辆200周边环境中的物体和/或特征。所述物体和/或特征可包括交通信号、道路边界和障碍物。计算机视觉系统235可使用物体识别算法、运动中恢复结构(structure from motion,SFM)算法、视频跟踪和其他计算机视觉技术。在一些实施例中,计算机视觉系统235可用于为环境绘制地图、跟踪物体、估计物体的速度等等。
路线控制系统236用于确定车辆200的行驶路线。在一些实施例中,路线控制系统236可结合来自传感器系统220、定位系统221和一个或多个预定地图的数据以为车辆200确定行驶路线。
障碍规避系统237用于识别、评估和避免或者以其他方式越过车辆200的环境中的潜在障碍物。
当然,在一个实例中,控制系统230可以增加或替换地包括除了所示出和描述的那些以外的组件。或者也可以减少一部分上述示出的组件。
车辆200通过外围设备240与外部传感器、其他车辆、其他计算机系统或用户之间进行交互。外围设备240可包括无线通信系统241、车载电脑242、麦克风243和/或扬声器244。
在一些实施例中,外围设备240提供车辆200的用户与用户接口270交互的手段。 例如,车载电脑242可向车辆200的用户提供信息。用户接口270还可操作车载电脑242来接收用户的输入。车载电脑242可以通过触摸屏进行操作。在其他情况中,外围设备240可提供用于车辆200与位于车内的其它设备通信的手段。例如,麦克风243可从车辆200的用户接收音频(例如,语音命令或其他音频输入)。类似地,扬声器244可向车辆200的用户输出音频。
无线通信系统241可以直接地或者经由通信网络来与一个或多个设备无线通信。例如,无线通信系统241可使用3G蜂窝通信,例如码分多址(code division multiple access,CDMA)、EVD0、全球移动通信系统(global system for mobile communications,GSM)/是通用分组无线服务技术(general packet radio service,GPRS),或者4G蜂窝通信,例如长期演进(long term evolution,LTE),或者5G蜂窝通信。无线通信系统241可利用WiFi与无线局域网(wireless local area network,WLAN)通信。在一些实施例中,无线通信系统241可利用红外链路、蓝牙或ZigBee与设备直接通信。其他无线协议,例如各种车辆通信系统,例如,无线通信系统241可包括一个或多个专用短程通信(dedicated short range communications,DSRC)设备,这些设备可包括车辆和/或路边台站之间的公共和/或私有数据通信。
电源250可向车辆200的各种组件提供电力。在一个实施例中,电源250可以为可再充电锂离子或铅酸电池。这种电池的一个或多个电池组可被配置为电源为车辆200的各种组件提供电力。在一些实施例中,电源250和能量源213可一起实现,例如一些全电动车中那样。
车辆200的部分或所有功能受计算机系统260控制。计算机系统260可包括至少一个处理器261,处理器261执行存储在例如存储器262这样的非暂态计算机可读介质中的指令263。计算机系统260还可以是采用分布式方式控制车辆200的个体组件或子系统的多个计算设备。
处理器261可以是任何常规的处理器,诸如商业可获得的中央处理器(central processing unit,CPU)。替选地,该处理器可以是诸如专用集成电路(application specific integrated circuits,ASIC)或其它基于硬件的处理器的专用设备。尽管图2功能性地图示了处理器、存储器、和在相同块中的计算机系统260的其它元件,但是本领域的普通技术人员应该理解该处理器、计算机、或存储器实际上可以包括可以或者可以不存储在相同的物理外壳内的多个处理器、计算机、或存储器。例如,存储器可以是硬盘驱动器或位于不同于计算机系统260的外壳内的其它存储介质。因此,对处理器或计算机的引用将被理解为包括对可以或者可以不并行操作的处理器或计算机或存储器的集合的引用。不同于使用单一的处理器来执行此处所描述的步骤,诸如转向组件和减速组件的一些组件每个都可以具有其自己的处理器,所述处理器只执行与特定于组件的功能相关的计算。
在此处所描述的各个方面中,处理器可以位于远离该车辆并且与该车辆进行无线通信。在其它方面中,此处所描述的过程中的一些在布置于车辆内的处理器上执行而其它则由远程处理器执行,包括采取执行单一操纵的必要步骤。
在一些实施例中,存储器262可包含指令263(例如,程序逻辑),指令263可被处理器261执行来执行车辆200的各种功能,包括以上描述的那些功能。存储器262 也可包含额外的指令,包括向行进系统210、传感器系统220、控制系统230和外围设备240中的一个或多个发送数据、从其接收数据、与其交互和/或对其进行控制的指令。
除了指令263以外,存储器262还可存储数据,例如道路地图、路线信息,车辆的位置、方向、速度以及其它这样的车辆数据,以及其他信息。这种信息可在车辆200在自主、半自主和/或手动模式中操作期间被车辆200和计算机系统260使用。
用户接口270,用于向车辆200的用户提供信息或从其接收信息。可选地,用户接口270可包括在外围设备240的集合内的一个或多个输入/输出设备,例如无线通信系统241、车载电脑242、麦克风243和扬声器244。
计算机系统260可基于从各种子系统(例如,行进系统210、传感器系统220和控制系统230)以及从用户接口270接收的输入来控制车辆200的功能。例如,计算机系统260可利用来自控制系统230的输入以便控制转向系统231来避免由传感器系统220和障碍规避系统237检测到的障碍物。在一些实施例中,计算机系统260可操作来对车辆200及其子系统的许多方面提供控制。
可选地,上述这些组件中的一个或多个可与车辆200分开安装或关联。例如,存储器262可以部分或完全地与车辆200分开存在。上述组件可以按有线和/或无线方式来通信地耦合在一起。
可选地,上述组件只是一个示例,实际应用中,上述各个模块中的组件有可能根据实际需要增添或者删除,图2不应理解为对本申请实施例的限制。
在道路行进的自动驾驶汽车,如上面的车辆200,可以识别其周围环境内的物体以确定对当前速度的调整。所述物体可以是其它车辆、交通控制设备、或者其它类型的物体。在一些示例中,可以独立地考虑每个识别的物体,并且基于物体的各自的特性,诸如它的当前速度、加速度、与车辆的间距等,可以用来确定自动驾驶汽车所要调整的速度。
可选地,自动驾驶汽车车辆200或者与自动驾驶车辆200相关联的计算设备(如图2的计算机系统260、计算机视觉系统235、存储器262)可以基于所识别的物体的特性和周围环境的状态(例如,交通、雨、道路上的冰、等等)来预测所述识别的物体的行为。可选地,每一个所识别的物体都依赖于彼此的行为,因此还可以将所识别的所有物体全部一起考虑来预测单个识别的物体的行为。车辆200能够基于预测的所述识别的物体的行为来调整它的速度。换句话说,自动驾驶汽车能够基于所预测的物体的行为来确定车辆将需要调整到(例如,加速、减速、或者停止)什么稳定状态。在这个过程中,也可以考虑其它因素来确定车辆200的速度,诸如,车辆200在行驶的道路中的横向位置、道路的曲率、静态和动态物体的接近度等等。
除了提供调整自动驾驶汽车的速度的指令之外,计算设备还可以提供修改车辆200的转向角的指令,以使得自动驾驶汽车遵循给定的轨迹和/或维持与自动驾驶汽车附近的物体(例如,道路上的相邻车道中的轿车)的安全横向和纵向距离。
上述车辆200可以为轿车、卡车、摩托车、公共汽车、船、飞机、直升飞机、割草机、娱乐车、游乐场车辆、施工设备、电车、高尔夫球车、火车、和手推车等,本申请实施例不做特别的限定。
图3为本申请实施例提供的一种用户设备间的信号同步方法的流程示意图,该方法 可应用于图1所示的V2X通信系统中,该方法包括以下几个步骤。
S301:第一UE获取至少一个UE的同步信息,至少一个UE包括第二UE。
其中,该V2X通信系统可以包括多个UE,这多个UE可以处于不同的V2X通信协议,且这多个UE所处的V2X通信协议的底层技术可以是相同的。第一UE可以是这多个UE中的任一UE,该至少一个UE可以是这多个UE中除第一UE之外其他UE中的一个或者多个UE。该至少一个UE可以是第一UE周围的UE或者是临近第一UE的UE,第一UE可以检测或接收到该至少一个UE发送的信息。
另外,该至少一个UE中的每个UE可以向外发送同步信息,该同步信息可以用于实现该UE与其他UE的信号同步。一个UE的同步信息可以包括该UE的侧行链路同步信号(sidelink synchronization signal,SLSS)标识和该UE的主信息块(master information block,MIB)。该SLSS标识可以用于指示该UE所在的SLSS组,具体可以包括第一标识NID1和第二标识NID2,第一标识NID1可以是该UE在该SLSS组内的标识,第二标识NID2可以是该SLSS的组标识。比如,该SLSS标识与第一标识NID1和第二标识NID2的关系可以为:该SLSS标识=NID1+168×NID2。该主信息块可以包括该UE的同步信息所在的帧号和子帧号。
具体的,至少一个UE中的每个UE可以向外发送同步信息,第一UE可以检测至少一个UE发送的同步信息,并对检测到的同步信息进行解析,由于第一UE和至少一个UE所处的V2X通信协议的底层技术是相同的,从而第一UE可以成功解析至少一个UE的同步信息,进而获取到至少一个UE的同步信息。比如,第一UE检测到第二UE的同步信息并解析,可以得到第二UE的SLSS标识和第二UE的MIB,该SLSS标识可以包括第一标识NID1和第二标识NID2,该MIB可以包括帧号和子帧号。
可选的,第一UE可以实时地检测并解析至少一个UE发送的同步信息,或者周期性地检测并解析至少一个UE发送的同步信息,本申请实施例对此不作具体限制。
S302:第一UE根据第二UE的同步信息确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,第二V2X通信协议与第一UE的第一V2X通信协议不同。
其中,一个UE的V2X通信协议可以是指该UE使用的V2X通信协议,也可以是指该UE所处的V2X通信协议。该V2X通信系统包括的多个UE所处的V2X通信协议可以包括至少两个V2X通信协议,第一UE的第一V2X通信协议可以是这至少两个V2X通信协议中的任一V2X通信协议。
当第一UE通过S301获取到第二UE的同步信息时,第一UE可以根据该同步信息的MIB中的帧号和子帧号,确定第二UE的V2X通信协议。具体的,第一UE可以先根据该帧号和该子帧号,判断第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型(synchronization offset indication type)是否属于第一V2X通信协议,若属于则第一UE可以确定第二UE的V2X协议为第一V2X通信协议,若不属于则第一UE可以进一步判断第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型是否属于第二V2X通信协议,若属于则第一UE可以确定第二UE的V2X协议为第二V2X通信协议。
可选的,第一V2X通信协议和第二V2X通信协议中的一个为3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议,另一个为CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议。或者,第一V2X通信协议和第二V2X通信协议中的一个为WAVE V2X通信协议,另一个为CCSA WAVE V2X通信协议。 需要说明的是,上述列举的几种V2X通信协议仅是示例性的,在实际应用中,第一V2X通信协议和第二V2X通信协议还可以是其他V2X通信协议,比如,应用于NR系统中的不同V2X通信协议等,本申请实施例对此不作具体限定。
示例性的,假设第一V2X通信协议为3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议、第二V2X通信协议为CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议,则第一UE根据该帧号f和该子帧号s确定第二UE的V2X通信协议具体可以包括:
S1.第一UE根据该帧号f和该子帧号s,通过第一V2X通信协议对应的类型计算公式(I)确定第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型是否属于3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议。其中,3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议中定义了三种同步偏移指示类型(表示为类型11、类型12和类型13),且这三种类型分别对应三个预设偏移值(表示为偏移值11、偏移值12和偏移值13),3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议中同步信息的发送周期为160ms。式中,%表示取余。
y=(10×f+s)%160     (I)
S2a.若通过公式(I)确定y的值等于偏移值11、偏移值12或者偏移值13中的一个,则第一UE可以确定第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型属于第一V2X通信协议,且第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型为等于的偏移值所对应的同步偏移指示类型。
S2b.若通过如下公式(I)确定y的值与偏移值11、偏移值12和偏移值13均不相等,则确定第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型不属于第一V2X通信协议,即第二UE的通信协议不是第一V2X通信协议,继续执行S3。
S3.第一UE根据该帧号f和该子帧号s,通过第二V2X通信协议对应的类型计算公式(II)至公式(V)确定第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型是否属于CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议。其中,CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议中定义了三种同步偏移指示类型(表示为类型21、类型22和类型23),且这三种类型分别对应三个预设偏移值(表示为偏移值21、偏移值22和偏移值23),CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议中同步信息的发送周期为256ms。式中,
Figure PCTCN2020099374-appb-000001
表示向下取整,m表示周期索引且对应的取值范围可以为0至39,l表示比特图(bitmap)中为0的比特的序号且对应的取值范围可以为0至99,f的取值范围可以为0至1023。
Figure PCTCN2020099374-appb-000002
Figure PCTCN2020099374-appb-000003
Figure PCTCN2020099374-appb-000004
Figure PCTCN2020099374-appb-000005
S4a.若通过公式(II)至公式(V)确定10×f+s的值等于偏移值21或偏移值22,或者确定(10×f+s)%256等于0,则确定第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型属于CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议,即第二UE的V2X通信协议为CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议。具体的,若确定10×f+s等于i1且i1等于偏移值21,或者确定10×f+s等于i2且i2等于 偏移值21,则确定第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型为类型21;若确定10×f+s等于i1且i1等于偏移值22,或者确定10×f+s等于i2且i2等于偏移值22,则确定第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型为类型22;若确定(10×f+s)%256等于偏移值23(比如,偏移值23等于0),则确定第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型为类型23。
S4b.若通过公式(II)至公式(V)确定的i1、i2和i3的值与偏移值21、偏移值22和偏移值23均不相等,则确定第二UE对应的同步偏移指示类型不属于第二V2X通信协议,即第二UE的通信协议不是CCSA LTE-V2X通信协议。
需要说明的是,当该V2X通信系统包括的多个UE所处的V2X通信协议包括两个以上的V2X通信协议时,第一UE还可以使用其他V2X通信协议对应的类型计算公式继续按照上述类似的方式确定第二UE的通信协议,本申请实施例仅以两个V2X通信协议为例进行说明,并不对本申请实施例构成限制。
进一步,当该至少一个UE包括多个UE,且这多个UE的V2X通信协议均与第一V2X通信协议不同时,第二UE可以是第一UE根据优先级从这多个UE中选择的优先级最高的UE。其中,这多个UE可以是处于同一V2X通信协议的UE,比如,这多个UE均处于第二V2X通信协议;或者,这多个UE是处于不同的V2X通信协议的UE,比如,这多个UE包括两个UE,一个UE处于第二V2X通信协议,一个UE处于第三V2X通信协议,第三V2X通信协议可以是指与第一V2X通信协议或第二V2X通信协议的底层技术相同的不同V2X通信协议。
示例性的,假设这多个UE包括UE1至UE3,且UE1至UE3均处于第二V2X通信协议,若UE1的优先级小于UE2的优先级、UE2的优先级小于UE3的优先级,则第一UE可以将UE3确定为第二UE。
需要说明的是,这多个UE的优先级可以是根据信号能量、覆盖范围、同步级别、以及相关协议指示的优先级中的一种或者多种方式进行排序得到的,本申请实施例对此不作具体描述。
S303:第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议。
其中,当第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议时,第一UE可以终止当前的业务,并根据第二V2X通信协议对应的参数或者计算公式重新配置第一UE,以将第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议。
在一种可能的实施例中,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议具体可以为:当第一UE在第一时长内未接收到处于第一V2X通信协议的UE的同步信息时,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议。在另一种可能的实施例中,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议具体可以为:当第一UE在第二时长内周期性地接收到第二UE的同步信息时,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议。在又一种可能的实施例中,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议具体可以为:当第一UE在第一时长内未接收到处于第一V2X通信协议的UE的同步信息,且在第二时长内周期性地接收到第二UE的同步信息时,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议。
可选的,第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议还可以包括:第一UE等待第三时长后切换至第二V2X通信协议。比如,第二UE为处于第二V2X通信协议中的唯一UE,或者处于第二V2X通信协议的UE仅包括第二UE,此外第一UE可以等待第三时长 后切换至第二V2X通信协议。这样可以避免第一UE和第二UE都切换V2X通信协议,从而导致第一UE切换后仍无法与第二UE处于同一V2X通信协议。当然,在实际应用中,处于第二V2X通信协议的UE除了包括第二UE,还包括其他UE时,第一UE也可以在等待第三时长后切换至第二V2X通信协议。
需要说明的是,第一时长和第二时长可以事先进行设置,且第一时长与第二时长可以相等或者也可以不相等,第三时长也可以事先设置,且第三时长可以设置为随机时长也可以设置为固定时长,本申请实施例对第一时长、第二时长和第三时长的具体数值不作限制。
进一步,参见图4,在S303之前,该方法还可以包括:S300。
S300:第一UE获取切换授权信息,该切换授权信息用于指示允许切换第一UE的V2X通信协议。
其中,是否允许切换第一UE的V2X通信协议的权限可以由系统进行配置,也可以由用户进行设置。当该权限由系统进行配置时,系统可以自动将第一UE的V2X通信协议的切换权限配置为授权。当该权限由用户进行设置时,用户可以事先将第一UE的V2X通信协议的切换权限设置为授权,也可以将第一UE的V2X通信协议的切换权限设置为未授权。进一步的,当用户将第一UE的V2X通信协议的切换权限设置为未授权时,第一UE还可以向用户显示切换提示信息,以提示用户将第一UE的V2X通信协议的切换权限设置为授权。
具体的,第一UE的V2X通信协议的切换权限为授权时,第一UE可以根据该切换权限直接获取切换授权信息,即第一UE可以直接确定允许切换第一UE的V2X通信协议。当第一UE的V2X通信协议的切换权限为未授权时,第一UE可以发送授权请求以提示用户将第一UE的V2X通信协议的切换权限设置为授权,从而在用户将该权限设置为授权时,第一UE可以获取到该切换授权信息。
S304:第一UE基于第二V2X通信协议与第二UE实现信号同步。
当第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议时,第一UE与第二UE都处于第二V2X通信协议,从而第一UE和第二UE可以实现信号同步,进而解决了现有技术中处于不同V2X通信协议的两个UE,存在着这两个UE之间无法根据现有技术的方式实现信号同步的问题。
示例性的,当第一UE处于GNSS或者蜂窝小区的覆盖范围内,第二UE不在GNSS或者蜂窝小区的覆盖范围内时,第一UE在切换至第二V2X通信协议后,第一UE可以同步至GNSS或者蜂窝小区,并向第二UE发送同步信号以使第二UE同步至第一UE,从而实现第一UE和第二UE基于第二V2X通信协议的信号同步。或者,当第一UE和第二UE均不在GNSS或者蜂窝小区的覆盖范围内时,第一UE先自同步,并向UE发送同步信号以使第二UE同步至第一UE,从而实现第一UE和第二UE基于第二V2X通信协议的信号同步。其中,关于第一UE和第二UE基于第二V2X通信协议实现信号同步的具体过程可以参见相关技术的详细描述,本申请实施例在此不再赘述。
进一步,该至少一个UE还包括第三UE,参见图4,该方法还可以包括:S303a-S304a。
S303a:当第一UE确定第三UE的V2X通信协议为第一V2X通信协议时,第一 UE保持第一V2X通信协议。
其中,当该至少一个UE包括第二UE和第三UE时,第一UE可以获取到第三UE的同步信息,并根据第三UE的同步信息按照上述S1至S3所描述的方法确定第三UE的V2X通信协议为第一V2X通信协议。此时,第一UE周围的至少一个UE包括处于第二V2X通信协议的第二UE、以及处于第一V2X通信协议的第三UE,从而第一UE可以保持第一V2X通信协议,即第一UE可以不切换V2X通信协议,仍处于第一V2X通信协议。也可以替换为,第一UE抑制第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议。
S304a:第一UE基于第一V2X通信协议与第三UE实现信号同步。
当第一UE保持第一V2X通信协议时,第一UE与第三UE都处于第一V2X通信协议,从而第一UE和第三UE可以基于第一V2X通信协议实现信号同步,进而在信号同步之后进行数据传输,实现第一UE与第三UE之间的信息传输。
为便于理解,下面以图5所示的第一UE的结构框图为例,对本申请所提供的技术方案进行举例说明。如图5所示,第一UE可以包括:通信协议管理单元501、授权管理单元502、同步状态管理单元503、同步状态检测单元504、信号同步单元505和信号收发单元506。其中,通信协议管理单元501主要用于控制第一UE的V2X通信协议,比如,在第一UE开机时选择默认的V2X通信协议,在第一UE运行过程中判断是否需要切换V2X通信协议,在需要切换V2X通信协议时触发授权请求,以及在确认授权后控制切换V2X通信协议等。授权管理单元502主要用于存储或管理授权信息,比如,当用户事先设置允许切换V2X通信协议时存储该授权信息,或者在用户没有事先授权时向用户提示是否切换V2X通信协议等。同步状态管理单元503主要用于缓存同步状态检测单元504检测到的至少一个UE的同步信息,确定每个UE的V2X通信协议,以及控制信号同步单元505实现信号同步等。同步状态检测单元504主要用于对检测到的至少一个UE的同步信号进行解析和分类,以及对至少一个UE进行优先级排序等。信号同步单元505主要用于实现第一UE与其他UE的信号同步,比如,用于实现第一UE与第二UE或者第三UE的信号同步。信号收发单元506主要用于发送第一UE的同步信息,以及检测或接收其他UE的同步信息,并在与其他UE实现信号同步后进行信息传输等。
示例性的,在本申请实施例中,当信号收发单元506接收到至少一个UE的同步信息时,同步状态检测单元504可以解析该至少一个UE的同步信息,并对至少一个UE进行优先级排序后将相关信息发送给同步状态管理单元503,比如,同步状态检测单元504解析第二UE的同步信息以得到第二UE的SLSS标识和第二UE的主信息块,并将其发送给同步状态管理单元503。同步状态管理单元503缓存接收到的该相关信息,并根据该相关信息确定每个UE的V2X通信协议,比如,确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,确定第三UE的V2X通信协议为第一V2X通信协议。之后,同步状态管理单元503可以将每个UE、以及该UE所处的V2X通信协议的相关信息发送给通信协议管理单元501,由通信协议管理单元501确定是否需要切换V2X通信协议。若确定需要切换,通信协议管理单元501可以向授权管理单元502申请授权,若用户事先已授权则授权管理单元502可直接向通信协议管理单元501回复授权成功,若用户没有事先授权则授权管理单元502提示用户以获取授权后向通信协议管 理单元501回复授权成功。在通信协议管理单元501接收到授权成功的信息后,通信协议管理单元501可以切换V2X通信协议,比如,通信协议管理单元501将第一UE的V2X通信协议切换至第二V2X通信协议。
本申请实施例提供的方法中,第一UE在获取到至少一个UE的同步信息时,若根据该同步信息确定至少一个UE的第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议且与第一UE的第一V2X通信协议不同时,可以切换至第二V2X通信协议并与第二UE实现信号同步,从而解决了现有技术中处于不同V2X通信协议的两个UE无法实现信号同步的问题。进一步的,当至少一个UE还包括第三UE且第三UE的V2X通信协议为第一V2X通信协议时,第一UE保持第一V2X通信协议并与第三UE基于第一V2X通信协议实现信号同步,从而避免第一UE无法稳定接收到第二UE的同步信息,无法实现第一UE与第二UE的信号同步,进而造成通信故障的问题。
上述主要从各个网元之间交互的角度对本申请实施例提供的方案进行了介绍。可以理解的是,各个网元,例如第一UE和第二UE。为了实现上述功能,其包含了执行各个功能相应的硬件结构和/或软件模块。本领域技术人员应该很容易意识到,结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤,本申请能够以硬件或硬件和计算机软件的结合形式来实现。某个功能究竟以硬件还是计算机软件驱动硬件的方式来执行,取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能,但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
本申请实施例可以根据上述方法示例对第一UE进行功能模块的划分,例如,可以对应各个功能划分各个功能模块,也可以将两个或两个以上的功能集成在一个模块中。上述集成的模块既可以采用硬件的形式实现,也可以采用软件功能模块的形式实现。需要说明的是,本申请实施例中对模块的划分是示意性的,仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分,实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式。下面以采用对应各个功能划分各个功能模块为例进行说明:
在采用集成的单元的情况下,图6示出了上述实施例中所涉及的信号同步装置的一种可能的结构示意图。该装置可以为第一UE或者第一UE内置的芯片,该装置包括:获取单元601、确定单元602、切换单元603和同步单元604。其中,获取单元601用于支持该装置执行上述实施例中的S301、或者S300;确定单元602用于支持该装置执行上述实施例中的S302、或者S303a中确定第二UE的V2X通信协议为第一V2X通信协议的步骤,和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其他过程;切换单元603用于支持该装置执行上述实施例中的S303或S303a;同步单元604用于支持该装置执行上述实施例中的S304或者S304a。其中,获取单元601可以对应图5中的信号收发单元506和授权管理单元502,确定单元602可以对应图5中的同步状态管理单元503和同步状态检测单元504,切换单元603可以对应图5中的通信协议管理单元501,同步单元604可以对应图5中的信号同步单元505。
需要说明的是,上述方法实施例涉及的各步骤的所有相关内容均可以援引到对应功能模块的功能描述,在此不再赘述。
在采用硬件实现的基础上,本申请中的确定单元602和切换单元603可以为该装置的处理器的部分功能,获取单元601和同步单元604可以为该装置的收发器和处理 器的部分功能的集合,该收发器通常可以包括发送器和接收器,具体的收发器还可以称为通信接口。
图7所示,为本申请的实施例提供的上述实施例中所涉及的信号同步装置的一种可能的逻辑结构示意图。该装置可以为第一UE或者第一UE内置的芯片,该装置包括:处理器702和通信接口703。处理器702用于对该装置动作进行控制管理,例如,处理器702通过该通信接口703可用于支持该装置执行上述实施例中的S301至S304a,和/或用于本文所描述的技术的其他过程。此外,该装置还可以包括存储器701和总线704,处理器702、通信接口703以及存储器701通过总线704相互连接;通信接口703用于支持该装置进行通信;存储器701用于存储该装置的程序代码和数据。
其中,处理器702可以是中央处理器单元,通用处理器,数字信号处理器,专用集成电路,现场可编程门阵列或者其他可编程逻辑器件、晶体管逻辑器件、硬件部件或者其任意组合。其可以实现或执行结合本申请公开内容所描述的各种示例性的逻辑方框,模块和电路。所述处理器也可以是实现计算功能的组合,例如包含一个或多个微处理器组合,数字信号处理器和微处理器的组合等等。总线704可以是外设部件互连标准(peripheral component interconnect,PCI)总线或扩展工业标准结构(Extended industry standard architecture,EISA)总线等。所述总线可以分为地址总线、数据总线、控制总线等。为便于表示,图7中仅用一条粗线表示,但并不表示仅有一根总线或一种类型的总线。
在本申请的另一实施例中,还提供一种可读存储介质,可读存储介质中存储有计算机执行指令,当一个设备(可以是单片机,芯片等)或者处理器执行上述方法实施例所提供的信号同步方法中第一UE的步骤。前述的可读存储介质可以包括:U盘、移动硬盘、只读存储器、随机存取存储器、磁碟或者光盘等各种可以存储程序代码的介质。
在本申请的另一实施例中,还提供一种计算机程序产品,该计算机程序产品包括计算机执行指令,该计算机执行指令存储在计算机可读存储介质中;设备的至少一个处理器可以从计算机可读存储介质读取该计算机执行指令,至少一个处理器执行该计算机执行指令使得设备上述方法实施例所提供的信号同步方法中第一UE的步骤。
最后应说明的是:以上所述,仅为本申请的具体实施方式,但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此,任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此,本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (25)

  1. 一种用户设备间的信号同步方法,其特征在于,所述方法包括:
    第一用户设备UE获取至少一个UE的同步信息,所述至少一个UE包括第二UE;
    所述第一UE根据所述第二UE的同步信息确定所述第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,所述第二V2X通信协议与所述第一UE的第一V2X通信协议不同;
    所述第一UE切换至所述第二V2X通信协议;
    所述第一UE基于所述第二V2X通信协议与所述第二UE实现信号同步。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一UE切换至所述第二V2X通信协议,包括:
    当所述第一UE在第一时长内未接收到处于所述第一V2X通信协议的UE的同步信息时,所述第一UE切换至所述第二V2X通信协议。
  3. 根据权利要求1或2所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一UE切换至所述第二V2X通信协议,还包括:
    当所述第一UE在第二时长内周期性地接收到所述第二UE的同步信息时,所述第一UE切换至所述第二V2X通信协议。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一UE切换至第二V2X通信协议之前,所述方法还包括:
    所述第一UE获取切换授权信息,所述切换授权信息用于指示允许切换所述第一UE的V2X通信协议。
  5. 根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,当处于所述第二V2X通信协议的UE仅包括所述第二UE时,所述第一UE切换至所述第二V2X通信协议,包括:
    所述第一UE等待第三时长后切换至所述第二V2X通信协议。
  6. 根据权利要求1-5任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一个UE包括多个UE,所述至少多个UE的V2X通信协议均与所述第一V2X通信协议不同,所述方法还包括:
    所述第一UE根据优先级从所述多个UE中选择优先级最高的UE作为所述第二UE。
  7. 根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第二UE的同步信息包括以下至少一项:所述第二UE的直通链路同步信号SLSS标识,所述第二UE的主信息块。
  8. 根据权利要求7所述的方法,其特征在于,所述主信息块包括所述第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和子帧号,所述第一UE根据所述第二UE的同步信息确定所述第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,包括:
    所述第一UE根据所述第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和所述子帧号,确定所述第二UE的V2X通信协议为所述第二V2X通信协议。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述至少一个UE还包括 第三UE,所述方法还包括:
    所述第一UE确定所述第三UE的V2X通信协议为所述第一V2X通信协议;
    所述第一UE保持所述第一V2X通信协议。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法,其特征在于,所述方法还包括:
    所述第一UE基于所述第一V2X通信协议与所述第三UE实现信号同步。
  11. 根据权利要求1-10任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述第一V2X通信协议和所述第二V2X通信协议中的一个为3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSALTE-V2X通信协议;或者,所述第一V2X通信协议和所述第二V2X通信协议中的一个为WAVE V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSA WAVE V2X通信协议。
  12. 一种信号同步装置,其特征在于,所述装置作为第一用户设备UE或者第一UE内置的芯片,包括:
    获取单元,用于获取至少一个UE的同步信息,所述至少一个UE包括第二UE;
    确定单元,用于根据所述第二UE的同步信息确定所述第二UE的V2X通信协议为第二V2X通信协议,所述第二V2X通信协议与所述第一UE的第一V2X通信协议不同;
    切换单元,用于切换至所述第二V2X通信协议;
    同步单元,用于基于所述第二V2X通信协议与所述第二UE实现信号同步。
  13. 根据权利要求12所述的装置,其特征在于,所述切换单元还用于:
    当所述第一UE在第一时长内未接收到处于所述第一V2X通信协议的UE的同步信息时,切换至所述第二V2X通信协议。
  14. 根据权利要求12或13所述的装置,其特征在于,所述切换单元还用于:
    当所述第一UE在第二时长内周期性地接收到所述第二UE的同步信息时,切换至所述第二V2X通信协议。
  15. 根据权利要求12-14任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述获取单元还用于:
    获取切换授权信息,所述切换授权信息用于指示允许切换所述第一UE的V2X通信协议。
  16. 根据权利要求12-15任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,当处于所述第二V2X通信协议的UE仅包括所述第二UE时,所述切换单元还用于:
    等待第三时长后切换至所述第二V2X通信协议。
  17. 根据权利要求12-16任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述至少一个UE包括多个UE,所述至少多个UE的V2X通信协议均与所述第一V2X通信协议不同,所述确定单元还用于:
    根据优先级从所述多个UE中选择优先级最高的UE作为所述第二UE。
  18. 根据权利要求12-17任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第二UE的同步信息包括以下至少一项:所述第二UE的直通链路同步信号SLSS标识,所述第二UE的主信息块。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的装置,其特征在于,所述主信息块包括所述第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和子帧号,所述确定单元还用于:
    根据所述第二UE的同步信息所在的帧号和所述子帧号,确定所述第二UE的V2X 通信协议为所述第二V2X通信协议。
  20. 根据权利要求12-19任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述至少一个UE还包括第三UE;
    所述确定单元,还用于确定所述第三UE的V2X通信协议为所述第一V2X通信协议;
    所述切换单元,还用于保持所述第一V2X通信协议。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的装置,其特征在于,所述同步单元还用于:
    基于所述第一V2X通信协议与所述第三UE实现信号同步。
  22. 根据权利要求12-21任一项所述的装置,其特征在于,所述第一V2X通信协议和所述第二V2X通信协议中的一个为3GPP LTE-V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSALTE-V2X通信协议;或者,所述第一V2X通信协议和所述第二V2X通信协议中的一个为WAVE V2X通信协议、另一个为CCSA WAVE V2X通信协议。
  23. 一种信号同步装置,其特征在于,所述装置作为第一用户设备UE或者第一UE内置的芯片,包括:处理器和存储器,所述处理器被配置为运行所述存储器中的指令,使得所述装置执行如权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法。
  24. 一种可读存储介质,其特征在于,所述可读存储介质中存储有指令,当所述可读存储介质在设备上运行时,使得所述设备执行权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法。
  25. 一种计算机程序产品,其特征在于,当所述计算机程序产品在计算机上运行时,使得所述计算机执行权利要求1-11任一项所述的方法。
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