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WO2021227516A1 - 显示装置、方法和车辆 - Google Patents

显示装置、方法和车辆 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021227516A1
WO2021227516A1 PCT/CN2020/140157 CN2020140157W WO2021227516A1 WO 2021227516 A1 WO2021227516 A1 WO 2021227516A1 CN 2020140157 W CN2020140157 W CN 2020140157W WO 2021227516 A1 WO2021227516 A1 WO 2021227516A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
image
light
area
diffusion screen
image light
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/140157
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
王金蕾
闫云飞
冯志勇
Original Assignee
华为技术有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 华为技术有限公司 filed Critical 华为技术有限公司
Priority to JP2022569192A priority Critical patent/JP7540642B2/ja
Priority to KR1020227042273A priority patent/KR20230003236A/ko
Priority to EP20935363.0A priority patent/EP4137875A4/en
Publication of WO2021227516A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021227516A1/zh
Priority to US17/986,328 priority patent/US20230073589A1/en

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Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/3147—Multi-projection systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0205—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties
    • G02B5/0263—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterised by the diffusing properties with positional variation of the diffusing properties, e.g. gradient or patterned diffuser
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/08—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the direction of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/18—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00 for optical projection, e.g. combination of mirror and condenser and objective
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B5/00—Optical elements other than lenses
    • G02B5/02—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements
    • G02B5/0273—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use
    • G02B5/0278—Diffusing elements; Afocal elements characterized by the use used in transmission
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N9/00—Details of colour television systems
    • H04N9/12—Picture reproducers
    • H04N9/31—Projection devices for colour picture display, e.g. using electronic spatial light modulators [ESLM]
    • H04N9/3141—Constructional details thereof
    • H04N9/315—Modulator illumination systems
    • H04N9/3152—Modulator illumination systems for shaping the light beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K2360/00—Indexing scheme associated with groups B60K35/00 or B60K37/00 relating to details of instruments or dashboards
    • B60K2360/20—Optical features of instruments
    • B60K2360/27—Optical features of instruments using semi-transparent optical elements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K35/00—Instruments specially adapted for vehicles; Arrangement of instruments in or on vehicles
    • B60K35/20—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor
    • B60K35/21—Output arrangements, i.e. from vehicle to user, associated with vehicle functions or specially adapted therefor using visual output, e.g. blinking lights or matrix displays
    • B60K35/23—Head-up displays [HUD]
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
    • G02B2027/0185—Displaying image at variable distance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
    • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
    • G02B2027/0192—Supplementary details
    • G02B2027/0196—Supplementary details having transparent supporting structure for display mounting, e.g. to a window or a windshield

Definitions

  • the embodiments of the present application relate to the field of head-up display, and in particular, to a display device, a method, and a vehicle.
  • HUD Heads Up Display
  • the windshield instrument display also called the head-up display system
  • HUD Advanced Reality
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a HUD with multiple virtual image planes, in which there is a virtual image V1 at a first distance S1 from the driver, and a virtual image V2 at a second distance S2 from the driver.
  • V1 virtual image
  • V2 virtual image
  • two image generation modules are set, namely the first image generation module 01 and the second image generation module 02, respectively, to generate short-distance meter information and long-distance AR road prompt information.
  • the images generated by 01 and 02 respectively pass through the reflective optical elements 03 and 04, and then pass through the front windshield 05 of the car to form virtual images V1 and V2, respectively, and realize the display of two distance images at the same time.
  • multiple image sources in order to generate multiple virtual images with different distances, multiple image sources must be used, which increases the cost of the system and is not conducive to the miniaturization of the system.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide a display device, a method, and a vehicle, which solve the problems of high cost and large size of the usual display system.
  • a display device including: an image generation module, including: a spatial light modulator, used to phase the image light to be modulated Modulation to generate modulated first image light and second image light; and an image display module arranged on the light exit side of the image generation module.
  • the image display module includes a first diffusion screen and a second diffusion screen. The first image light is projected on the first diffusion screen, and the second image light is projected on the second diffusion screen; wherein, the spatial positions of the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen are different.
  • the image generation module further includes a light source and an image panel, the image panel is located between the light exit surface of the light source and the incident surface of the spatial modulator, and the image panel includes a first display area And the second display area, where the light beam emitted by the light source passes through the image panel and partitions to generate the image light to be modulated. Therefore, by setting the image panel, the light beam emitted by the light source can be preliminarily imaged in regions to obtain the image light to be modulated.
  • the incident surface of the spatial light modulator includes: a first area opposite to the first display area, and a second area opposite to the second display area.
  • the first display area emits light.
  • the image light emitted from the second display area enters the first area, and the image light emitted from the second display area enters the second area.
  • the spatial light modulator is divided into multiple regions, so that the spatial light modulator can modulate the image light in different regions.
  • the spatial light modulator includes: a first phase modulation unit and a second phase modulation unit, and the first phase modulation unit is used to load first phase information on the image light in the first region;
  • the second phase modulation unit is used to load second phase information on the image light of the second area, so as to perform phase modulation on the image light subregions of the first area and the second area. Therefore, the spatial light modulator is equipped with multiple phase modulation units to load different phase information on the image light in different areas, so that the image light emitted from different areas of the spatial light modulator has different focal lengths, thereby making the spatial light
  • the image light emitted from different areas of the modulator has different imaging positions in space, thereby avoiding overlapping and mutual interference of at least two projected images finally obtained.
  • the spatial light modulator includes: a first grating modulation unit corresponding to the first area, and a second grating modulation unit corresponding to the second area, the first grating modulation unit and The grating structure of the second grating modulation unit is different, so as to perform phase modulation on the image light division of the first area and the second area.
  • the spatial light modulator is provided with multiple grating modulation units, and the image light in different regions corresponds to different grating structures, so that the deflection angles of the image light emitted from different regions of the spatial light modulator are different, thereby making the spatial light modulator
  • the image light emitted from different regions has different imaging positions in space, thereby further avoiding overlapping and mutual interference of at least two projected images finally obtained.
  • the image generation module further includes: an imaging element, the imaging element is arranged on the light exit side of the spatial light modulator, and is used to modulate the first image emitted from the spatial light modulator.
  • the light and the second image light perform image reproduction, and the first image light is projected onto the first diffusion screen, and the second image light is projected onto the second diffusion screen.
  • the imaging element can be a Fourier lens, and the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen are arranged on the image plane of the Fourier lens, so that a clear image can be formed on the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen. image.
  • the image display module further includes: an optical control module for controlling the transmission area and the white area of the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen.
  • the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen include, for example, a dimming film.
  • the dimming film is white when it is not energized, colorless and transparent when it is energized
  • the white diffuser can be used for projection
  • the transparent diffuser can transmit light
  • the first diffuser and the second diffuser can be controlled by the optical module.
  • the energized area of the two diffusion screens makes the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen in a white state or a transparent state, so that the transmission area and white area of the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen can be controlled by the optical control module , So that the first image light and the second image light can be projected on the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen, respectively.
  • the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen are stacked so that the first image light is projected on the white area of the first diffusion screen, and the second image light is transmitted through the second diffusion screen.
  • the transmission area of a diffusion screen is then projected on the white area of the second diffusion screen.
  • the display device further includes: a mirror group for guiding the first image light and the second image light to the projection area to form first projection images with different spatial positions And the second projected image.
  • a mirror group for guiding the first image light and the second image light to the projection area to form first projection images with different spatial positions And the second projected image.
  • the first image light is reflected to the projection area via a first optical path
  • the second image light is reflected to the projection area via a second optical path, wherein the first optical path and the second optical path are reflected to the projection area.
  • the length of the two light paths is different. Therefore, by adjusting the optical path lengths of the first image light and the second image light, the imaging positions of the first image light and the second image light in space can be changed, thereby avoiding overlapping and mutual interference of the finally obtained projected images.
  • an image display method includes: performing phase modulation on the image light to be modulated to generate modulated first image light and second image light; Light is projected on the first diffusion screen, and the second image light is projected on the second diffusion screen; wherein, the spatial positions of the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen are different.
  • projecting the first image light on the first diffusion screen and projecting the second image light on the second diffusion screen includes: controlling the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen.
  • the transmission area and white area of the two diffusion screens are such that the first image light is projected on the white area of the first diffusion screen, and the second image light is projected on the second diffusion screen after passing through the transmission area of the first diffusion screen
  • performing phase modulation on the image light to be modulated includes: loading the image light subregion to be modulated with different phase information, or loading the image light subregion to be modulated with different structures Raster.
  • the method before projecting the first image light on the first diffusion screen and projecting the second image light on the second diffusion screen, the method further includes: The image light and the second image light perform image reproduction.
  • the method further includes: guiding the first image light and the second image light to the projection area to form the first projection image and the second projection image with different spatial positions.
  • the modulated first image light and the second image light can be guided to the projection area through the mirror group.
  • the first image light is guided to the projection area via a first optical path, for example, the second image light is guided to the projection area via a second optical path, for example, the difference between the first optical path and the second optical path is
  • the length can be different. Therefore, by adjusting the optical path lengths of the first image light and the second image light, the imaging positions of the first image light and the second image light in space can be further changed, thereby avoiding the overlap and mutual interference of the finally obtained projected images.
  • a vehicle including a vehicle body, a windshield provided on the vehicle body, and a display device as described above.
  • the light beam emitted by the display device is incident on the front windshield of the vehicle.
  • the wind glass forms the first projected image and the second projected image. Therefore, by providing the above-mentioned display device, important information can be mapped in the space in front of the windshield, so that the driver can see the important information clearly without having to lower his head, thereby improving the safety performance of the vehicle.
  • the first projected image is used to display vehicle state information of the vehicle, and the second projected image is used to display road condition indication information.
  • the first projected image is used to display vehicle state information of the vehicle
  • the second projected image is used to display road condition indication information.
  • the display device provided by the embodiment of the present application includes: a light source, an image panel, a spatial light modulator, an imaging element, and at least two diffusion screens with different spatial positions, wherein the light emitted by the light source is projected on the image panel, and the image panel is divided into regions.
  • the incident surface of the spatial light modulator is divided into at least two regions, and the spatial light modulator is used to phase-modulate the at least two beams of image light to be modulated by region to generate at least two beams of modulation After the image light, the phase information of the image light in different areas of the spatial light is different, and the imaging element is used to perform image reproduction on the at least two modulated image lights to generate a plurality of different spatial positions on the diffuser screen.
  • Image which can display different types of information on different images to meet a variety of display needs.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a display device
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another display device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3a is a schematic diagram of a display state of a diffusion screen provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 3b is a schematic diagram of the display state of another diffusion screen provided in an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of another display device provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart of an image display method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 7 is a flowchart of another image display method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart of another image display method provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • the display device includes: an image generation module 10 and an image display module 20.
  • the image display module 20 is located on the light emitting side of the image generation module 10 to display the image light emitted by the image generation module 10.
  • the image generation module 10 includes a spatial light modulator 103, which is used to perform phase modulation on the image light to be modulated to generate modulated first image light and second image light.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 can modulate a certain parameter of the light field by liquid crystal molecules, for example, by changing the refractive index of the liquid crystal molecules to modulate the phase of the light wave, so as to achieve different phase retardation distributions, thereby performing phase modulation on the incident light.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 may be a phase-only spatial light modulator 103, and the phase-only spatial light modulator 103 only modulates the phase of the incident light beam, so the modulation effect is good.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 may also be a phase-amplitude composite spatial light modulator 103, and the phase-amplitude composite spatial light modulator 103 modulates the phase and amplitude of the incident light beam at the same time.
  • the image display module 20 includes a first diffusion screen 201 and a second diffusion screen 202.
  • the first image light is projected on the first diffusion screen 201
  • the second image light is projected on the second diffusion screen. 202 on; wherein, the spatial positions of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 are different.
  • the image generation module 10 further includes a light source 101 and an image panel 102, and the light source 101 is used to emit a light beam to be modulated.
  • the image panel 102 is located between the light emitting surface of the light source 101 and the incident surface of the spatial light modulator 103.
  • the light source 101 in the embodiment of the present application may be an LED (light emitting diode) light source or a laser light source.
  • the image panel 102 includes, but is not limited to, a liquid crystal display module, a digital light processing module, and a laser display module.
  • the image panel 102 includes a first display area 1021 and a second display area 1022.
  • the first display area 1021 and the second display area 1022 respectively generate the first image light and the second image light to be modulated. .
  • the image panel 102 further includes a third display area for generating the third image light, and so on, the image panel 102 may include two or more display areas to generate two or two More than one image light.
  • the image panel 102 is divided and used to form a plurality of logically independently used but physically integrated display areas.
  • the division method is not limited to rectangular division, and may be division of any geometric shape.
  • the light beam emitted by the light source can be preliminarily imaged in regions to obtain the image light to be modulated.
  • the display device in the embodiment of the present application can form at least two projection images with different spatial positions, so that different types of information can be displayed on different projection images to meet various display requirements.
  • the image light to be modulated emitted by the light source 101 is time-sharing or divided into the spatial light modulator 103 through the image panel 102.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 is used for time-sharing or time-sharing the image light to be modulated. Phase modulation is performed on the partitions to obtain the modulated first image light and second image light.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 may phase-modulate the incident light beam to be modulated in a variety of ways to obtain at least two phase-modulated light beams with different exit directions, which are described below with an example.
  • the incident surface of the spatial light modulator 103 may be divided into at least two areas, for example, the first area 1031 opposite to the first display area 1021 of the image panel 102, and the first area 1031 opposite to the first display area 1021 of the image panel 102.
  • the second area 1032 is opposite to the second display area 1022.
  • the incident surface of the spatial light modulator 103 may further include, for example, a third area opposite to the third display area of the image panel 102, and so on, the incident surface of the spatial light modulator 103 may be Contains two or more regions to modulate the image light division of each region.
  • the spatial light modulator is divided into multiple regions, so that the spatial light modulator can modulate the image light in different regions.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 further includes: at least two phase modulation units. For example: a first phase modulation unit corresponding to the first area 1031, and a second phase modulation unit corresponding to the second area 1032.
  • the first phase modulation unit may load first phase information on the image light incident on the first area 1031
  • the second phase modulation unit may load second phase information on the image light incident on the second area 1032.
  • the phase information makes the outgoing beams of different areas of the spatial light modulator 103 have different focal lengths, thereby making the first image light and the second image light have different imaging positions in space, thereby avoiding at least two projected images finally obtained Overlap and mutual interference.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 further includes: at least two grating modulation units, for example, a first grating modulation unit corresponding to the first area 1031 and a second grating modulation unit corresponding to the second area 1032.
  • the first grating modulation unit and the second grating modulation unit can deflect the outgoing light beam by a certain angle.
  • the grating structure of the first grating modulation unit and the second grating modulation unit are different, which can make the first area 1031 and the second area 1032 have different grating structures.
  • the deflection angles of the outgoing light beams are different, so as to avoid overlapping and mutual interference of at least two projected images finally obtained.
  • the embodiment of the application does not limit the method for dividing the first display area 1021 domain and the second display area 1022 domain of the image display panel, and it can be a regular shape such as a rectangle, a triangle, or any irregular shape.
  • the segmentation of geometric shapes, and in order to adjust the system structure space, the image panel 102 may have some unused areas.
  • the spatial light modulator includes: a first phase modulation unit and a second modulation unit, the incident surface of the spatial light modulator is divided into two regions, the first region 1031 corresponds to the first phase modulation unit , The second area 1032 corresponds to the second phase modulation unit.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the phase information loaded by the first phase modulation unit and the second modulation unit in an embodiment of the application. As shown in FIG. 4, the first phase diagram 1033 and the phase information loaded by the first phase modulation unit The focal lengths of the second phase diagram 1034 loaded by the second modulation unit are different, which can make the outgoing beams of different regions of the spatial light modulator have different focal lengths.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 may include: a third phase modulation unit, which is used to load different target images in a time-division manner to achieve phase modulation of the light beam to be modulated. .
  • the phase modulation unit can realize the focusing or divergence of the light beam.
  • the focal lengths of the light beams emitted at different times can be different, and dynamic zoom can be realized.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 may include: a third grating modulation unit for performing phase modulation on the image light to be modulated in a time-sharing manner, so as to achieve deflection of the outgoing light beam by a certain angle.
  • a third grating modulation unit for performing phase modulation on the image light to be modulated in a time-sharing manner, so as to achieve deflection of the outgoing light beam by a certain angle.
  • the display device may further include: a processor connected to the spatial light modulator 103 and configured to compare the phase information of the first image and the second image to be modulated with The phase information loaded by the phase modulation unit is superimposed and composited to generate the modulated first image and the second image, or the phase information of the first image and the second image to be modulated is combined with the grating information of the grating modulation unit Perform superposition and composite to generate the modulated first image and second image.
  • the processor can be a general-purpose central processing unit (central processing unit, CPU), microprocessor, application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more programs used to control the execution of the program of this application Integrated circuits.
  • the modulated first image and the second image may be generated by processing by a processing device.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 itself may also generate the modulated first image and second image.
  • the spatial light modulator 103 is used to implement at least two projections with different spatial positions. This implementation manner has a simple structure and low cost.
  • the image generation module 10 further includes: an imaging element 104, the imaging element 104 is arranged on the light exit side of the spatial light modulator 103, and modulates the spatial light modulator 103
  • the first image light and the second image light emitted later perform image reproduction, and the first image light is projected onto the first diffusion screen 201, and the second image light is projected onto On the second diffusion screen 202.
  • the imaging element 104 may be a Fourier lens.
  • the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 are arranged on the imaging surface of the Fourier lens, and the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen The specific position of the second diffusion screen 202 depends on the focal length and grating information of the corresponding phase information.
  • the imaging element 104 may also be other types of optical elements.
  • the embodiment of the present application does not limit the materials of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202.
  • the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 include: a dimming film.
  • the dimming film is white when it is not energized, and is colorless and transparent when it is energized.
  • the image display module 20 also includes: an optical control module, which is used to energize the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202, so that the energized areas of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 It is colorless and transparent, and the unpowered area is white, so that the image light can pass through the transparent area and be projected on the white area of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202.
  • an optical control module which is used to energize the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202, so that the energized areas of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 It is colorless and transparent, and the unpowered area is white, so that the image light can pass through the transparent area and be projected on the white area of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202.
  • the phase modulation unit can realize the focusing or divergence of the light beam.
  • the focal length of the light beam emitted by the spatial light modulator 103 can be different, so that the final result is at least
  • the two projection images have different distances in the axial direction, where the axial direction means that the axial direction may be a direction perpendicular to the imaging element 104.
  • the distance between the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 in the axial direction is different, so that the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 can be clearly imaged.
  • the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 are stacked in an axial direction, and the optical control module can only perform a partial area of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202.
  • Power is applied to control the transmission area and white area of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202, so that part of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 are white and part of the area is transparent.
  • the axial direction may be a direction perpendicular to the imaging element 104.
  • the distance between the first diffusion screen 201 and the imaging element 104 is smaller than the distance between the second diffusion screen 202 and the imaging element 104, the first image light is projected on the white area of the first diffusion screen 201, and the second The image light may pass through the transmission area of the first diffusion screen 201 and then be projected on the white area of the second diffusion screen 202.
  • the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen are stacked, which saves more space and facilitates the miniaturization of the device.
  • the image display module further includes: a third diffusion screen 203, for example, the third diffusion screen 203 is used to display the third image light.
  • Fig. 3a and Fig. 3b are diagrams showing a case where the display screen is displayed at a different display position and distance for each part of the display screen.
  • the image formed by the image generation module can be divided into a 3 ⁇ 3 array structure, and the first diffusion screen 201, the second diffusion screen 202, and the third diffusion screen 203 can be divided into corresponding 9 through the optical control module.
  • the first image light can be projected on the white area of the first diffusion screen 201
  • the second image light can be projected on the white area of the second diffusion screen 202 after passing through the transmission area of the first diffusion screen 201
  • the third image light passes through the transmission areas of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 and then is projected on the white area of the third diffusion screen 203.
  • the image formed by the image generation module can be divided into a three-row array structure, and the first diffusion screen 201, the second diffusion screen 202, and the third diffusion screen 203 can be divided into three corresponding parts through the optical control module. , So that part of the first diffusion screen 201, the second diffusion screen 202 and the third diffusion screen 203 are in a white state, and some areas are in a transparent state, and the first diffusion screen 201, the second diffusion screen 202 and the third diffusion screen 203 The white part is misplaced.
  • the first image light can be projected on the white area of the first diffusion screen 201
  • the second image light can be projected on the white area of the second diffusion screen 202 after passing through the transmission area of the first diffusion screen 201
  • the third image light passes through the transmission areas of the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 and then is projected on the white area of the third diffusion screen 203, achieving the effect that the axial distance and spatial position of the image displayed by each diffusion screen are different , To avoid overlapping and mutual interference of the final projected images.
  • the foregoing embodiment only takes the image module including 2 or 3 diffusion screens as an example for description.
  • the image module may include N diffusion screens, and each diffusion screen, for example, It can be divided into an N ⁇ M array structure, where both M and N are positive integers greater than 1, and N images with different spatial positions can be displayed, which all fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
  • the display device further includes: a mirror group for guiding the first image light and the second image light to the projection area to form different spatial positions The first projected image and the second projected image.
  • a mirror group for guiding the first image light and the second image light to the projection area to form different spatial positions The first projected image and the second projected image.
  • the first image light is reflected to the projection area via a first optical path
  • the second image light is reflected to the projection area via a second optical path
  • the first optical path and the second optical path are reflected to the projection area.
  • the length of the light path is different. Therefore, by adjusting the optical path lengths of the first image light and the second image light, the imaging positions of the first image light and the second image light in space can be changed, thereby avoiding overlapping and mutual interference of the finally obtained projected images.
  • the lens group may be various types of optical devices, which are described below with examples.
  • the lens group may include:
  • the plane mirror 03 and the curved mirror 04 wherein the light beams diffused by the first diffusion screen 201 and the second diffusion screen 202 are incident on the reflecting surface of the plane reflecting mirror 03, and then reflected and incident by the plane reflecting mirror 03
  • the reflecting surface of the curved reflecting mirror 04 is guided to the projection area by the reflection of the curved reflecting mirror 04.
  • the curved mirror 04 not only has the function of reflection, but also has the function of imaging and magnification.
  • the mirror group may also be of other types, for example, it includes only one curved mirror 04, or includes a curved mirror 04 and lenses, etc.
  • the number of mirrors is also not the same. Limited to two.
  • the at least two projected images that are finally formed may both be 2D images, part of them may be 2D images, part of them may be 3D images, or both of them are 3D images.
  • the display device can be used in a vehicle, for example.
  • the vehicle includes, for example, a vehicle body, a windshield 05 arranged on the vehicle body, and a display device as described above.
  • the light beam emitted by the display device is incident on the front windshield 05 of the vehicle to form a first The projected image V1 and the second projected image V2.
  • the first projection image V1 may be used to display vehicle state information of the vehicle
  • the second projection image V2 may be used to display road condition indication information. Therefore, by installing the above-mentioned display device, a variety of important information can be mapped in the space in front of the windshield, and different information can be displayed on different virtual image surfaces, so that the driver can see clearly without lowering his head. Important information to improve the safety performance of the vehicle.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides an image display method, which is applied to the above-mentioned image display device.
  • the image display method includes:
  • S101 Perform phase modulation on the image light to be modulated to generate modulated first image light and second image light.
  • performing phase modulation on the image light to be modulated includes: loading the image light sub-region to be modulated with different phase information, or loading the image light sub-region to be modulated with gratings of different structures.
  • S102 Project the modulated first image light on the first diffusion screen, and project the modulated second image light on the second diffusion screen.
  • the spatial positions of the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen are different.
  • Projecting the first image light on the first diffusion screen and projecting the second image light on the second diffusion screen includes: controlling the transmission area and white area of the first diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen , So that the first image light is projected on the white area of the first diffusion screen, and the second image light is projected on the white area of the second diffusion screen after passing through the transmission area of the first diffusion screen.
  • a diffusion screen and the second diffusion screen are stacked.
  • step S102 the modulated first image light is projected on the first diffusion screen, and the modulated second image light is projected on the second diffusion screen.
  • the method also includes:
  • S103 Perform image reproduction on the modulated first image light and the second image light.
  • the modulated first image light and the second image light can be reproduced by an imaging element, and the imaging element can be a Fourier lens.
  • step S102 the method further includes:
  • the modulated first image light and the second image light can be guided to the projection area through the mirror group to form the first projection image and the second projection image with different spatial positions.
  • the first image light is guided to the projection area via a first optical path
  • the second image light is guided to the projection area via a second optical path
  • the difference between the first optical path and the second optical path is The length is different. Therefore, by adjusting the optical path lengths of the first image light and the second image light, the imaging positions of the first image light and the second image light in space can be changed, thereby avoiding overlapping and mutual interference of the finally obtained projected images.

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Abstract

一种显示装置、方法和车辆，显示装置包括：图像生成模组(10)，包括：空间光调制器(103)，用于对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，产生调制后的第一图像光和第二图像光；以及图像显示模组(20)，设置于图像生成模组(10)的出光侧，图像显示模组(20)包括第一扩散屏(201)和第二扩散屏(202)，第一图像光投射在第一扩散屏(201)上，第二图像光投射在第二扩散屏(202)上；其中，第一扩散屏(201)和第二扩散屏(202)的空间位置不同。由此，通过在图像生成模组(10)中设置空间光调制器(103)，可以在扩散屏(201,202)上生成多个空间位置不同的图像，从而可以显示不同类型的信息，满足多种显示需求，与设置多个图像生成模组(10)以在空间不同位置成像的方式相比，可以节省空间，有利于设备的小型化。

Description

显示装置、方法和车辆
本申请要求于2020年5月15日提交中国国家知识产权局、申请号为202010414117.X、发明名称为“显示装置、方法和车辆”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请实施例涉及平视显示领域，尤其涉及一种显示装置、方法和车辆。
背景技术
汽车驾驶中，驾驶者低头观看仪表板或其他消费电子产品会影响其对路面状况的观察，造成安全隐患。
抬头数字显示仪(Heads Up Display,HUD)，风窗玻璃仪表显示，又叫平视显示系统，它可以把重要的信息，映射在风窗玻璃上的全息半镜上，使驾驶员不必低头，就能看清重要的信息。
然而，随着HUD的发展，附加于其上的功能越来越丰富，例如，还包括远距离的增强现实(Augmented Reality，AR)路面提示信息，这些新型的HUD需要多个虚像面。
如图1所示，图1展示了一种具有多个虚像面的HUD的示意图，其中具有距离驾驶者第一距离S1的虚像V1，和距离驾驶者第二距离S2的虚像V2。而现有技术中，为了实现上述具有多个虚像面的HUD，多采用以下方法：
例如，如图1所示，设置两个图像生成模组，分别为第一图像生成模组01、第二图像生成模组02，分别生成近距离的仪表信息和远距离的AR路面提示信息，01和02生成的图像分别经过反射光学元件03和04后，经过汽车前档风玻璃05，分别形成虚像V1和V2，同时实现两个距离图像的显示。然而，现有技术为了生成多个不同距离的虚像，必须要使用多个图像源，增加了系统成本，并且不利于系统的小型化。
发明内容
本申请实施例提供一种显示装置、方法和车辆，解决了平时显示系统成本高、尺寸大的问题。
为达到上述目的，本申请采用如下技术方案：本申请实施例的第一方面，提供一种显示装置，包括：图像生成模组，包括：空间光调制器，用于对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，产生调制后的第一图像光和第二图像光；以及图像显示模组，设置于该图像生成模组的出光侧，该图像显示模组包括第一扩散屏和第二扩散屏，该第一图像光投射在该第一扩散屏上，该第二图像光投射在该第二扩散屏上；其中，该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏的空间位置不同。由此，通过在图像生成模组中设置空间光调制器，可以在扩散屏上生成多个空间位置不同的图像，从而可以在不同的图像上显示不同类型的信息，满足多种显示需求， 与设置多个图像生成模组以在空间不同位置成像的方式相比，可以节省空间，有利于设备的小型化。
一种可选的实现方式中，该图像生成模组还包括：光源和图像面板，该图像面板位于该光源的出光面和该空间调制器的入射面之间，该图像面板包括第一显示区和第二显示区，该光源出射的光束经过该图像面板后分区产生该待调制的图像光。由此，通过设置图像面板，可以初步对光源出射的光束进行分区成像，得到该待调制的图像光。
一种可选的实现方式中，该空间光调制器的入射面包括：与该第一显示区相对的第一区域，以及与该第二显示区相对的第二区域，该第一显示区域出射的图像光射入该第一区域，该第二显示区出射的图像光射入该第二区域。由此，该空间光调制器分为多个区域，使得空间光调制器可以分区域对图像光进行调制。
一种可选的实现方式中，该空间光调制器包括：第一相位调制单元和第二相位调制单元，该第一相位调制单元用于对该第一区域的图像光加载第一相位信息，该第二相位调制单元用于对该第二区域的图像光加载第二相位信息，以对该第一区域和该第二区域的图像光分区进行相位调制。由此，该空间光调制器通过设置多个相位调制单元，对不同区域的图像光加载不同的相位信息，使得空间光调制器的不同区域出射的图像光产生不同的焦距，进而使得该空间光调制器不同区域出射的图像光在空间中的成像位置不同，从而避免最终得到的至少两路投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
一种可选的实现方式中，该空间光调制器包括：与该第一区域对应的第一光栅调制单元，以及和该第二区域对应的第二光栅调制单元，该第一光栅调制单元和该第二光栅调制单元的光栅结构不同，以对该第一区域和该第二区域的图像光分区进行相位调制。由此，该空间光调制器通过设置多个光栅调制单元，不同区域的图像光对应的光栅结构不同，使得空间光调制器的不同区域出射的图像光偏转角度不同，进而使得该空间光调制器不同区域出射的图像光在空间中的成像位置不同，从而进一步避免最终得到的至少两路投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
一种可选的实现方式中，该图像生成模组还包括：成像元件，该成像元件设置在该空间光调制器的出光侧，用于对该空间光调制器调制后出射的该第一图像光和该第二图像光进行图像复现，并将该第一图像光投射到第一扩散屏上，以及将该第二图像光投射到第二扩散屏上。其中，该成像元件可以是傅里叶透镜，第一扩散屏和第二扩散屏设置在傅里叶透镜的像平面上，由此，可以在第一扩散屏和第二扩散屏上形成清晰的图像。
一种可选的实现方式中，该图像显示模组还包括：光学控制模块，该光学控制模块用于控制该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏的透射区域和白色区域。其中，该第一扩散屏和第二扩散屏，例如包括：调光薄膜。其中，调光薄膜在不通电时为白色，通电时为无色透明，白色状态可以的扩散屏可以用于投影，透明状态的扩散屏可以透光，可以通过光学模块控制第一扩散屏和第二扩散屏的通电区域，使得第一扩散屏和第二扩散屏呈白色状态或透明状态，由此，可以通过光学控制模块控制该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏的透射区域和白色区域，使得第一图像光和第二图像光可以分别投射在该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏上。
一种可选的实现方式中，该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏层叠设置，使得该第一图像光 投射在第一扩散屏的白色区域，并使得该第二图像光透过该第一扩散屏的透射区域后投射在该第二扩散屏的白色区域。由此，将第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏层叠设置，更节省空间，有利于设备的小型化。
一种可选的实现方式中，该显示装置还包括：镜组，该镜组用于将该第一图像光和该第二图像光引导至投影区域，以形成空间位置不同的第一投影图像和第二投影图像。由此，通过设置镜组，可以对第一图像光和第二图像光的光路进行调整。
一种可选的实现方式中，该第一图像光经第一光路被反射至该投影区域，该第二图像光经第二光路被反射至该投影区域，其中，该第一光路和该第二光路的长度不同。由此，通过调整第一图像光和第二图像光的光路长度，可以改变第一图像光和第二图像光在空间中的成像位置，从而避免最终得到的投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
本申请实施例的第二方面，提供一种图像显示方法，该图像显示方法包括：对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，产生调制后的第一图像光和第二图像光；将该第一图像光投射在该第一扩散屏上，并将该第二图像光投射在该第二扩散屏上；其中，该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏的空间位置不同。
一种可选的实现方式中，将该第一图像光投射在该第一扩散屏上，并将该第二图像光投射在该第二扩散屏上包括：控制该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏的透射区域和白色区域，使得该第一图像光投射在第一扩散屏的白色区域，并使得该第二图像光透过该第一扩散屏的透射区域后投射在该第二扩散屏的白色区域，其中，该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏层叠设置。
一种可选的实现方式中，对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，包括：对该待调制的图像光分区域加载不同的相位信息，或，对该待调制的图像光分区域加载不同结构的光栅。
一种可选的实现方式中，将该第一图像光投射在该第一扩散屏上，并将该第二图像光投射在该第二扩散屏上之前，该方法还包括：对该第一图像光和该第二图像光进行图像复现。
一种可选的实现方式中，该方法还包括：将该第一图像光和该第二图像光引导至投影区域，以形成空间位置不同的第一投影图像和第二投影图像。其中，可以通过镜组将调制后的第一图像光和该第二图像光引导至投影区域。所述第一图像光例如经第一光路被引导至所述投影区域，所述第二图像光例如经第二光路被引导至所述投影区域，所述第一光路和所述第二光路的长度可以不同。由此，通过调整第一图像光和第二图像光的光路长度，可以进一步改变第一图像光和第二图像光在空间中的成像位置，从而避免最终得到的投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
本申请实施例的第二方面，提供一种车辆，包括车辆本体、设置在该车辆本体上的挡风玻璃，以及如上所述的显示装置，该显示装置出射的光束入射至该车辆的前挡风玻璃，形成第一投影图像和第二投影图像。由此，通过设置上述显示装置，可以把重要的信息映射在挡风玻璃前的空间中，使驾驶员不必低头，就能看清重要的信息，提高了车辆的安全性能。
一种可选的实现方式中，该第一投影图像用于显示该车辆的车辆状态信息，该第二投 影图像用于显示路况指示信息。由此，可以在空间中显示多种不同类型的信息。
本申请实施例提供的显示装置，包括：光源、图像面板、空间光调制器、成像元件、至少两个空间位置不同的扩散屏，其中，光源射出的光线投射在图像面板上，分区域产生待调制的至少两束图像光；空间光调制器的入射面划分为至少两个区域，所述空间光调制器用于分区域对该待调制的至少两束图像光进行相位调制，产生至少两束调制后的图像光，其中，空间光不同区域的图像光的相位信息不同，该成像元件用于对该至少两束调制后的图像光进行图像复现，以在扩散屏上生成多个空间位置不同的图像，从而可以在不同的图像上显示不同类型的信息，满足多种显示需求。
附图说明
图1为一种显示装置的结构示意图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的一种显示装置的结构示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的另一种显示装置的结构示意图；
图3a为本申请实施例提供一种扩散屏的显示状态示意图；
图3b为本申请实施例提供另一种扩散屏的显示状态示意图；
图4为本申请实施例中的第一相位调制单元和第二调制单元加载的相位信息的示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的另一种显示装置的结构示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的一种图像显示方法的流程图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的另一种图像显示方法的流程图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的另一种图像显示方法的流程图。
具体实施方式
为了使本申请的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚，下面将结合附图对本申请作进一步地详细描述。
以下，术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”等的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括一个或者更多个该特征。在本申请的描述中，除非另有说明，“多个”的含义是两个或两个以上。
此外，本申请中，“上”、“下”等方位术语是相对于附图中的部件示意置放的方位来定义的，应当理解到，这些方向性术语是相对的概念，它们用于相对于的描述和澄清，其可以根据附图中部件所放置的方位的变化而相应地发生变化。
本申请实施例提供一种显示装置，如图2所述，该显示装置包括：图像生成模组10和图像显示模组20。图像显示模组20位于图像生成模组10的出光侧，以显示所述图像生成模组10出射的图像光。
如图3所示，该图像生成模组10包括：空间光调制器103，用于对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，产生调制后的第一图像光和第二图像光。
其中，空间光调制器103可以通过液晶分子调制光场的某个参量，例如通过改变液晶 分子的折射率调制光波的相位，可以实现不同的相位延迟分布，从而对入射光进行相位调制。
举例来说，空间光调制器103可以是纯相位空间光调制器103，纯相位空间光调制器103只对入射光束的相位进行调制，因而调制效果好。在本申请的其他一些实施例中，空间光调制器103也可以是相位振幅复合空间光调制器103，相位振幅复合空间光调制器103同时对入射光束的相位和振幅进行调制。
该图像显示模组20包括第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202，所述第一图像光投射在所述第一扩散屏201上，所述第二图像光投射在所述第二扩散屏202上；其中，所述第一扩散屏201和所述第二扩散屏202的空间位置不同。
由此，本申请通过在图像生成模组中设置空间光调制器，可以在扩散屏上生成多个空间位置不同的图像，从而可以在不同的图像上显示不同类型的信息，满足多种显示需求。与现有技术中设置多个图像生成模组相比，可以节省空间，有利于实现设备小型化。
该图像生成模组10还包括：光源101和图像面板102，该光源101用于出射待调制光束。该图像面板102位于光源101的出光面和空间光调制器103的入射面之间。
本申请实施例中的光源101可以是LED(发光二极管)光源，也可以是激光光源。
图像面板102包括但不限于液晶显示模组、数字光处理模组和激光显示器模组。
其中，如图2所述，该图像面板102包含第一显示区1021和第二显示区1022，第一显示区1021以及第二显示区1022分别产生待调制的第一图像光以及第二图像光。
在本申请其他的实施例中，图像面板102还包括第三显示区用以产生第三图像光，以此类推，图像面板102可包含两个或两个以上的显示区以产生两个或两个以上的图像光。
本申请将图像面板102分割利用，形成多个逻辑上独立运用但物理上为一整体的显示区，其分割方法不限于矩形分割，可为任意几何形状的分割。
由此，通过设置图像面板，可以初步对光源出射的光束进行分区成像，得到该待调制的图像光。本申请实施例中的显示装置能够形成至少两个空间位置不同的投影图像，从而可以在不同的投影图像上显示不同类型的信息，满足多种显示需求。
该光源101出射的待调制的图像光分时或分区通过所述图像面板102射入所述空间光调制器103，所述空间光调制器103用于对所述待调制的图像光分时或分区进行相位调制，以得到所述调制后的第一图像光和第二图像光。
本申请实施例中，空间光调制器103可以通过多种方式对入射的待调制光束进行相位调制，得到出射方向不同的至少两路相位调制后的光束，下面举例进行说明。
在本申请的一些实施例中，可以将空间光调制器103的入射面划分为至少两个区域，例如，与图像面板102的第一显示区1021相对的第一区域1031，与图像面板102的第二显示区1022相对的第二区域1032。
在本申请其他的实现方式中，空间光调制器103的入射面例如还可以包括：与图像面板102的第三显示区相对的第三区域，以此类推，空间光调制器103的入射面可包含两个或两个以上的区域以对各区域的图像光分区进行调制。
由此，该空间光调制器分为多个区域，使得空间光调制器可以分区域对图像光进行调 制。
其中，以空间光调制器103的入射面包括第一区域1031和第二区域1032为例。所述空间光调制器103还包括：至少两个相位调制单元。例如：和该第一区域1031对应的第一相位调制单元，以及和该第二区域1032对应的第二相位调制单元。
所述第一相位调制单元例如可以对射入所述第一区域1031的图像光加载第一相位信息，所述第二相位调制单元可以对射入所述第二区域1032的图像光加载第二相位信息，使得空间光调制器103的不同区域的出射光束产生不同的焦距，进而使得该第一图像光和第二图像光在空间中的成像位置不同，从而避免最终得到的至少两路投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
该空间光调制器103还包括：至少两个光栅调制单元，例如，和第一区域1031对应的第一光栅调制单元，以及和第二区域1032对应的第二光栅调制单元。
第一光栅调制单元和第二光栅调制单元可以实现将出射光束偏转一定的角度，其中，第一光栅调制单元和第二光栅调制单元的光栅结构不同，可以使得第一区域1031和第二区域1032出射的光束的偏转角度不同，从而避免最终得到的至少两路投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
需要说明的是，本申请实施例对图像显示面板的第一显示区1021域和第二显示区1022域的分割方法不做限制，可以是矩形、三角形等规则的形状，也可以为任意不规则几何形状的分割，并且，为调节系统结构空间，图像面板102可有部分未利用区域。
在本申请一种实现方式中，空间光调制器包括：第一相位调制单元和第二调制单元，空间光调制器的入射面被划分为两个区域，第一区域1031对应第一相位调制单元，第二区域1032对应第二相位调制单元。请参考图4，图4为本申请实施例中的第一相位调制单元和第二调制单元加载的相位信息的示意图，如图4所示，第一相位调制单元加载的第一相位图1033和第二调制单元加载的第二相位图1034的焦距不同，可以使得空间光调制器的不同区域的出射光束产生不同的焦距。
在本申请的另外一些实施例中，空间光调制器103可以包括：第三相位调制单元，用于分时加载不同的目标图像的复合相息图，以实现对所述待调制光束的相位调制。相位调制单元可以实现光束的聚焦或发散，当不同时刻加载的相位信息不同时，就可以使得不同时刻出射的光束的焦距不同，实现动态变焦。
在本申请的另外一些实施例中，空间光调制器103可以包括：第三光栅调制单元，用于对所述待调制的图像光分时进行相位调制，可以实现将出射光束偏转一定的角度。当不同时刻加载的光栅结构不同时，就可以使得不同时刻出射的光束的偏转角度不同。
在本申请的一些优选实施例中，所述显示装置还可以包括：处理器，与所述空间光调制器103连接，用于将所述待调制的第一图像和第二图像的相位信息与相位调制单元加载的相位信息进行叠加复合，生成所述调制后的第一图像和第二图像，或者，将所述待调制的第一图像和第二图像的相位信息与光栅调制单元的光栅信息进行叠加复合，生成所述调制后的第一图像和第二图像。所述处理器可以是一个通用中央处理器(central processing unit，CPU)，微处理器，特定应用集成电路(application-specific integrated circuit，ASIC)，或一个或多个用于控制本申请方案程序执行的集成电路。
上述实施例中，可以由处理器件处理得到生成所述调制后的第一图像和第二图像。在本申请的其他一些实施例中，也可以由空间光调制器103自身来生成所述调制后的第一图像和第二图像。
本申请实施例中，利用空间光调制器103实现至少两个空间位置不同的投影，该种实现方式结构简单，成本较低。
本申请的一些优选实施例中，所述图像生成模组10还包括：成像元件104，所述成像元件104设置在所述空间光调制器103的出光侧，对所述空间光调制器103调制后出射的所述第一图像光和所述第二图像光进行图像复现，并将所述第一图像光投射到所述第一扩散屏201上，以及将所述第二图像光投射到所述第二扩散屏202上。
举例来说，所述成像元件104可以为傅里叶透镜，该种情况下，第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202设置在傅里叶透镜的成像面上，第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202的具体位置取决于对应的相位信息的焦距和光栅信息。当然，在本申请的其他一些实施例中，成像元件104也可以为其他类型的光学元件。
本申请实施例对第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202的材质不做限制，示例性的，第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202包括：调光薄膜。其中，调光薄膜在不通电时为白色，通电时为无色透明。
所述图像显示模组20还包括：光学控制模块，所述光学控制模块用于对第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202通电，使得第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202的通电区域无色透明，未通电区域则为白色，进而使得图像光可以透过透明区域，并投射在第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202的白色区域。
上述实施例中，相位调制单元可以实现光束的聚焦或发散，当空间光调制器103加载的相位信息不同时，就可以使得空间光调制器103出射的光束的焦距不同，从而使得最终形成的至少两个投影图像在轴向上的远近距离不同，其中，轴向是指轴向可以为垂直于所述成像元件104的方向。与此同时，所述第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202中在轴向上的远近距离不同，使得第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202上可以清晰的成像。
在本申请一种实现方式中，所述第一扩散屏201和所述第二扩散屏202沿轴向层叠设置，光学控制模块可以仅对第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202的部分区域通电，以控制所述第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202的透射区域和白色区域，使得第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202的部分区域呈白色，部分区域呈透明状态。
需要说明的是，轴向可以为垂直于所述成像元件104的方向。
示例性的，第一扩散屏201和成像元件104之间的距离小于第二扩散屏202和成像元件104之间的距离，第一图像光例如投射在第一扩散屏201的白色区域，第二图像光可以透过第一扩散屏201的透射区域后投射在第二扩散屏202的白色区域。
由此，将第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏层叠设置，更节省空间，有利于设备的小型化。
在本申请其他的实施例中，如图3a、图3b所示，该图像显示模组还包括：第三扩散屏203，第三扩散屏203例如用于显示第三图像光。图3a、图3b示出了使显示画面按每个部分不同的显示位置和距离显示该显示画面的情况的图。
图3a中，图像生成模组形成的影像例如可以分割为3×3的阵列结构，可以通过光学控制模块将第一扩散屏201、第二扩散屏202和第三扩散屏203分割为对应的9部分，使得第一扩散屏201、第二扩散屏202和第三扩散屏203的部分区域为白色状态，部分区域为透明状态，且第一扩散屏201、第二扩散屏202和第三扩散屏203的白色部分错位设置。
工作时，可使得第一图像光投射在第一扩散屏201的白色区域，并使得第二图像光透过第一扩散屏201的透射区域后投射在第二扩散屏202的白色区域，以及使得第三图像光透过第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202的透射区域后投射在第三扩散屏203的白色区域。实现每个扩散屏显示的图像轴向距离和空间位置均不同的效果，避免最终得到的投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
图3b中，图像生成模组形成的影像例如可以分割为3排的阵列结构，可以通过光学控制模块将第一扩散屏201、第二扩散屏202和第三扩散屏203分割为对应的3部分，使得第一扩散屏201、第二扩散屏202和第三扩散屏203的部分区域为白色状态，部分区域为透明状态，且第一扩散屏201、第二扩散屏202和第三扩散屏203的白色部分错位设置。
工作时，可使得第一图像光投射在第一扩散屏201的白色区域，并使得第二图像光透过第一扩散屏201的透射区域后投射在第二扩散屏202的白色区域，以及使得第三图像光透过第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202的透射区域后投射在第三扩散屏203的白色区域，实现每个扩散屏显示的图像轴向距离和空间位置均不同的效果，避免最终得到的投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
需要说明的是，上述实施例仅以图像模组包括2个或3个扩散屏为例进行说明，在本申请其他的实现方式中，图像模组可以包括N个扩散屏，每个扩散屏例如可以分割为N×M的阵列结构，其中，M和N均为大于1的正整数，可以显示N个空间位置不同的图像，这些均属于本申请的保护范围。
在本申请其他的实现方式中，该显示装置例如还包括：镜组，所述镜组用于将所述第一图像光和所述第二图像光引导至投影区域，以形成空间位置不同的第一投影图像和第二投影图像。由此，通过设置镜组，可以对第一图像光和第二图像光的光路进行调整。
其中，所述第一图像光例如经第一光路被反射至所述投影区域，所述第二图像光例如经第二光路被反射至所述投影区域，所述第一光路和所述第二光路的长度不同。由此，通过调整第一图像光和第二图像光的光路长度，可以改变第一图像光和第二图像光在空间中的成像位置，从而避免最终得到的投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
本申请实施例中，所述镜组可以是多种类型的光学器件，下面举例进行说明。
在本申请的一些实施例中，如图5所示，所述镜组可以包括：
平面反射镜03和曲面反射镜04，其中，所述第一扩散屏201和第二扩散屏202扩散后的光束入射至所述平面反射镜03的反射面，经所述平面反射镜03反射入射至所述曲面反射镜04的反射面，经所述曲面反射镜04的反射引导至投影区域。
其中，曲面反射镜04除了具有反射的作用，还具有成像和放大的作用。
当然，在本申请的其他一些实施例中，所述镜组还可以为其他类型，例如仅包括一个曲面反射镜04，或者包括曲面反射镜04和透镜等，此外，反射镜的个数也不限于两个。
本申请实施例中，最终形成的至少两个投影图像可以均为2D图像，也可以部分为2D图像，部分为3D图像，或者，均为3D图像。
该显示装置例如可以用于车辆中。该车辆例如包括车辆本体、设置在所述车辆本体上的挡风玻璃05，以及如上所述的显示装置，所述显示装置出射的光束入射至所述车辆的前挡风玻璃05，形成第一投影图像V1和第二投影图像V2。
其中，所述第一投影图像V1可以用于显示所述车辆的车辆状态信息，所述第二投影图像V2可以用于显示路况指示信息。由此，通过设置上述显示装置，可以把多种重要的信息映射在挡风玻璃前的空间中，且能够将不同的信息显示在不同的虚像面上，使驾驶员不必低头，就能看清重要的信息，提高了车辆的安全性能。
本申请实施例还提供一种图像显示方法，该图像显示方法应用于上述图像显示装置。如图6所示，该图像显示方法包括：
S101、对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，产生调制后的第一图像光和第二图像光。
其中，对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，包括：对该待调制的图像光分区域加载不同的相位信息，或，对该待调制的图像光分区域加载不同结构的光栅。
S102、将调制后的第一图像光投射在第一扩散屏上，并将调制后的第二图像光投射在第二扩散屏上。
其中，该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏的空间位置不同。
将该第一图像光投射在该第一扩散屏上，并将该第二图像光投射在该第二扩散屏上包括：控制该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏的透射区域和白色区域，使得该第一图像光投射在第一扩散屏的白色区域，并使得该第二图像光透过该第一扩散屏的透射区域后投射在该第二扩散屏的白色区域，其中，该第一扩散屏和该第二扩散屏层叠设置。
在本申请一种实现方式中，如图7所示，在步骤S102，将调制后的第一图像光投射在该第一扩散屏上，并将调制后的第二图像光投射在该第二扩散屏上之前，该方法还包括：
S103、对调制后的第一图像光和该第二图像光进行图像复现。
其中，可以通过成像元件对调制后的第一图像光和第二图像光进行图像复现，该成像元件可以为傅里叶透镜。
在本申请一种实现方式中，如图8所示，在步骤S102之后，该方法还包括：
S104、将调制后的第一图像光和该第二图像光引导至投影区域。
其中，可以通过镜组将调制后的第一图像光和该第二图像光引导至投影区域，以形成空间位置不同的第一投影图像和第二投影图像。
所述第一图像光例如经第一光路被引导至所述投影区域，所述第二图像光例如经第二光路被引导至所述投影区域，所述第一光路和所述第二光路的长度不同。由此，通过调整第一图像光和第二图像光的光路长度，可以改变第一图像光和第二图像光在空间中的成像位置，从而避免最终得到的投影图像重叠和相互干扰。
以上所述，仅为本申请的具体实施方式，但本申请的保护范围并不局限于此，任何在本申请揭露的技术范围内的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本申请的保护范围之内。因此，本申请的保护范围应以所述权利要求的保护范围为准。

Claims (17)

  1. 一种显示装置，其特征在于，包括：
    图像生成模组，包括：空间光调制器，用于对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，产生调制后的第一图像光和第二图像光；以及
    图像显示模组，设置于所述图像生成模组的出光侧，所述图像显示模组包括第一扩散屏和第二扩散屏，所述第一图像光投射在所述第一扩散屏上，所述第二图像光投射在所述第二扩散屏上；其中，所述第一扩散屏和所述第二扩散屏的空间位置不同。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述图像显示模组还包括：光学控制模块，所述光学控制模块用于控制所述第一扩散屏和所述第二扩散屏的透射区域和白色区域。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一扩散屏和所述第二扩散屏层叠设置，使得所述第一图像光投射在第一扩散屏的白色区域，并使得所述第二图像光透过所述第一扩散屏的透射区域后投射在所述第二扩散屏的白色区域。
  4. 根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述图像生成模组还包括：光源和图像面板，所述图像面板位于所述光源的出光面和所述空间调制器的入射面之间，所述图像面板包括第一显示区和第二显示区，所述光源出射的光束经过所述第一显示区和所述第二显示区后分区产生所述待调制的图像光。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述空间光调制器的入射面包括：与所述第一显示区相对的第一区域，以及与所述第二显示区相对的第二区域，所述第一显示区出射的光束射入所述第一区域，所述第二显示区出射的光束射入所述第二区域。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述空间光调制器包括：第一相位调制单元和第二相位调制单元，所述第一相位调制单元用于对通过所述第一区域的图像光加载第一相位信息，所述第二相位调制单元用于对通过所述第二区域的图像光加载第二相位信息，以对所述第一区域和所述第二区域的图像光分区进行相位调制。
  7. 根据权利要求5或6所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述空间光调制器包括：和所述第一区域对应的第一光栅调制单元，以及和所述第二区域对应的第二光栅调制单元，所述第一光栅调制单元和所述第二光栅调制单元的光栅结构不同，以对所述第一区域和所述第二区域的图像光分区进行相位调制。
  8. 根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述图像生成模组还包括：成像元件，所述成像元件设置在所述空间光调制器的出光侧，用于对所述空间光调制器调制后出射的所述第一图像光和所述第二图像光进行图像复现，并将所述第一图像光投射到第一扩散屏上，以及将所述第二图像光投射到第二扩散屏上。
  9. 根据权利要求1-8任一项所述的显示装置，其特征在于，还包括：镜组，所述镜组用于将所述第一图像光和所述第二图像光引导至投影区域，以形成空间位置不同的第一投影图像和第二投影图像。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的显示装置，其特征在于，所述第一图像光经第一光路被引导至所述投影区域，所述第二图像光经第二光路被引导至所述投影区域，其中，所述第一光路和所述第二光路的长度不同。
  11. 一种图像显示方法，所述图像显示方法包括：
    显示装置对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，产生调制后的第一图像光和第二图像光；
    所述显示装置将所述第一图像光投射在所述第一扩散屏上，并将所述第二图像光投射在 所述第二扩散屏上；其中，所述第一扩散屏和所述第二扩散屏的空间位置不同。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的图像显示方法，其特征在于，所述显示装置将所述第一图像光投射在所述第一扩散屏上，并将所述第二图像光投射在所述第二扩散屏上包括：
    所述显示装置控制所述第一扩散屏和所述第二扩散屏的透射区域和白色区域，使得所述第一图像光投射在第一扩散屏的白色区域，并使得所述第二图像光透过所述第一扩散屏的透射区域后投射在所述第二扩散屏的白色区域，其中，所述第一扩散屏和所述第二扩散屏层叠设置。
  13. 根据权利要求11或12所述的图像显示方法，其特征在于，所述显示装置对待调制的图像光进行相位调制，包括：对所述待调制的图像光分区域加载不同的相位信息，或，对所述待调制的图像光分区域加载不同结构的光栅。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13任一项所述的图像显示方法，其特征在于，所述显示装置将所述第一图像光投射在所述第一扩散屏上，并将所述第二图像光投射在所述第二扩散屏上之前，所述方法还包括：
    对所述第一图像光和所述第二图像光进行图像复现。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14任一项所述的图像显示方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：所述显示装置将所述第一图像光和所述第二图像光引导至投影区域，以形成空间位置不同的第一投影图像和第二投影图像。
  16. 一种车辆，其特征在于，包括车辆本体、设置在所述车辆本体上的挡风玻璃，以及如权利要求1-10任一项所述的显示装置，所述显示装置出射的光束入射至所述车辆的前挡风玻璃，形成第一投影图像和第二投影图像。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的车辆，其特征在于，所述第一投影图像用于显示所述车辆的车辆状态信息，所述第二投影图像用于显示路况指示信息。
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