WO2021213902A1 - Insert precisement integre dans un corps brut realise par fabrication additive - Google Patents
Insert precisement integre dans un corps brut realise par fabrication additive Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021213902A1 WO2021213902A1 PCT/EP2021/059858 EP2021059858W WO2021213902A1 WO 2021213902 A1 WO2021213902 A1 WO 2021213902A1 EP 2021059858 W EP2021059858 W EP 2021059858W WO 2021213902 A1 WO2021213902 A1 WO 2021213902A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- insert
- female
- male
- metal body
- conduit
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000004873 anchoring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910000570 Cupronickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910001347 Stellite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium;cobalt;iron;manganese;methane;molybdenum;nickel;silicon;tungsten Chemical compound C.[Si].[Cr].[Mn].[Fe].[Co].[Ni].[Mo].[W] AHICWQREWHDHHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002241 glass-ceramic Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101000582320 Homo sapiens Neurogenic differentiation factor 6 Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102100030589 Neurogenic differentiation factor 6 Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- -1 highly alloyed Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001026 inconel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
- F16L15/001—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with conical threads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y40/00—Auxiliary operations or equipment, e.g. for material handling
- B33Y40/20—Post-treatment, e.g. curing, coating or polishing
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y80/00—Products made by additive manufacturing
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L15/00—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints
- F16L15/04—Screw-threaded joints; Forms of screw-threads for such joints with additional sealings
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L25/00—Constructive types of pipe joints not provided for in groups F16L13/00 - F16L23/00 ; Details of pipe joints not otherwise provided for, e.g. electrically conducting or insulating means
- F16L25/14—Joints for pipes of different diameters or cross-section
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L41/00—Branching pipes; Joining pipes to walls
- F16L41/02—Branch units, e.g. made in one piece, welded, riveted
- F16L41/023—Y- pieces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
- B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
- B23K9/046—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces on surfaces of revolution
- B23K9/048—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces on surfaces of revolution on cylindrical surfaces
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B17/00—Drilling rods or pipes; Flexible drill strings; Kellies; Drill collars; Sucker rods; Cables; Casings; Tubings
- E21B17/02—Couplings; joints
- E21B17/04—Couplings; joints between rod or the like and bit or between rod and rod or the like
- E21B17/042—Threaded
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy
Definitions
- the invention relates to steel components or conduits in the field of oil and gas, energy or storage, for a use such as the exploitation of wells or the transport of hydrocarbons, geothermal energy or carbon capture.
- component is meant here any element, accessory or conduit, used to drill or exploit a well and comprising at least one connection or connector or even threaded end, and intended to be assembled by a thread to another component to constitute with this another component is a threaded joint.
- the component can be for example a tube or a tubular element of relatively great length (in particular about ten meters in length), for example a tube, or else a tubular sleeve of a few tens of centimeters in length, or else a accessory for these tubular elements (suspension device or “hanger”, section changing or “cross-over” part, safety valve, connector for a drill rod or “tool joint”, “sub”, and the like).
- the components or conduits have threaded ends. These threaded ends are complementary allowing the connection of two male (“Pin”) and female (“Box”) tubular elements together. There is therefore a male threaded end and a female threaded end.
- the so-called premium or semi-premium threaded ends generally have at least one abutment surface.
- a first stop may be formed by two surfaces of two threaded ends, oriented substantially radially, configured so as to be in contact with each other after screwing the threaded ends together or during stresses from compression. Stops generally have negative angles to the main axis of the connections. Intermediate stops are also known on joints comprising at least two stages of threading.
- a conduit may be necessary for a conduit to have a metallic body with a non-tubular or non-rectilinear shape.
- a duct can include a non-straight portion, for example a curvature or "S" shape, or even changes in internal diameters or exterior.
- S curvature
- the current means to achieve this are extremely limited and non-functional.
- the different parts of the same component are designed according to one and the same type of material (alloy or not).
- the tubes are generally rectilinear, of rectilinear axis, the two ends of a tube being aligned and therefore having substantially collinear end axes.
- geothermal energy or carbon capture for a tube or a duct having characteristics of different geometries, in particular by the presence of an angular deviation in said tube between the tube. 'axis of a first end and the axis of a second end.
- This type of geometry is very useful for planning branches, elbows, contours and other connections depending on the geology during drilling or to more easily arrange a flow transport. In addition, this saves the number of tubes used and the amount of resources required.
- Current solutions are expensive to produce and / or have unsatisfactory mechanical characteristics.
- a first solution consists of starting from a solid metal part which is machined to obtain an angle deviation or non-coaxial terminal ends.
- a solution has many major drawbacks; especially during the production of these parts by turning. For example, there is an unbalance during the production phase, that is to say a mass not perfectly distributed over a volume of revolution causing an imbalance, at the level of the deflected or deformed part of the tube. But also vibrations and wear during machining which strongly weaken the tube making it less reliable. There are also geometry defects, tolerances not respected and pressure drops during hydraulic flows.
- a second solution consists in designing and producing a tube (not machined) directly with the desired geometry, for example a tube admitting in its body an elbow or an angle offset between the axis of a first end and that of a second end.
- the drawbacks will have repercussions when machining the thread, which will be very complicated to achieve. Indeed, such a geometry will require the design of a method and devices specifically adapted. This therefore involves significant costs as well as a very low production speed associated with complex machining that cannot be envisaged industrially.
- Document CN108278088 A describes a drill pipe made of steel and aluminum gradient composite material and its preparation process in order to develop a drill pipe that is light, high strength, high temperature resistance, wear resistance and strength. 10 corrosion.
- Document FR 2818728 relates to tubular threaded joints composed of a male threaded element disposed at the end of a first tubular component and assembled by screwing to a female threaded element disposed at the end of a second tubular component.
- Document WO2019 / 016254 discloses a method of manufacturing a connecting piece intended to be connected to at least one tubular component.
- the object of the present invention is to resolve the problems of the state of the art cited, by producing the entire metallic body of a duct by additive manufacturing on at least one insert.
- the invention therefore consists of a steel pipe (1) for drilling, operating hydrocarbon wells, transporting oil and gas, carbon capture or geothermal energy, comprising at least one male (2) or female insert. (3) and a metal body (4), said insert (2, 3) comprising at least a first thread axis, at least one sealing surface (21, 22) toric or frusto-conical, a threaded part (5) and an unthreaded part (6) connected to the metal body (4), characterized in that the metal body (4) is entirely produced by additive manufacturing.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that the minimum and radial thickness of an insert is determined according to the equation:
- the duct (1) is characterized in that the thickness ratio K is equal to 0.510.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that a male (2) or female (3) insert comprises a minimum and radial thickness determined between 4 mm and 20 mm.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that a male (2) or female (S) insert comprises a minimum and radial thickness determined between 4 and 18 mm. According to one embodiment, the duct (1) is characterized in that a male (2) or female (3) insert comprises a minimum and radial thickness determined between 4.5 and 16 mm.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that each of the male (2) or female (B) inserts has an external diameter (OD) of between 100mm and 480mm.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that the metallic body (4) is produced by deposit by arc-wire additive manufacturing. According to one embodiment, the duct (1) is characterized in that the metal body (4) adheres around the male (2) or female (S) insert on its unthreaded part.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that the metallic body (4) produced by additive manufacturing comprises a material of metallic type chosen from alloyed steels, highly alloyed, cupro-nickel alloys, titanium alloys, ceramics, glass-ceramics, or copper, stellite, fero 55.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that the metallic body (4) produced by additive manufacturing comprises a material with a Young's modulus between 110 GPa and 210 GPa, preferably between 160 GPa and 210 GPa.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that an insert (2, S) comprises an anchoring profile (7) arranged to adhere the additive material of the metallic body (4).
- the duct (1) is characterized in that the anchoring profile (7) comprises one or more shear surfaces (11) and / or at least one stowage extension (12).
- the duct (1) is characterized in that it comprises at least 2 male (2) and / or female (S) inserts.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that each of said male (2) and / or female (S) insert has respectively a first and a second thread axis A1 and A2, and in that said first and second axes A1 and A2 are non-collinear.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that the thread axis of a first male (2) or female (S) insert has relative to the axis of a second male insert (2 ) or female (S) of the same duct (1) an angle of inclination between 0 and 75 degrees.
- the duct (1) is characterized in that it comprises at least three male or female inserts (62, 63, 64), the inserts (62, 63, 64) respectively comprising at least a first axis thread, a second thread axis, a third thread axis, the inserts being connected by a body (4) entirely produced by additive manufacturing, said first, second and third axes of each of the male or female inserts (62, 63, 64) being non-collinear.
- the invention also includes a method of making a duct (1) comprising:
- a step of maintaining one or more male (2) or female (3) inserts in a determined position.
- a step of producing the metal body (4) by additive manufacturing by wire arc comprising a deposit of material from an unthreaded portion of the insert (2, 3).
- FIG. 1 schematically shows, in a longitudinal sectional view, a tubular threaded joint according to the state of the art.
- FIG. 2a schematically shows, in a longitudinal sectional view, a portion of male steel conduit according to a first embodiment in which the metal body is produced entirely by additive manufacturing around an insert.
- FIG. 2b schematically shows, in a longitudinal sectional view, a portion of female steel conduit according to a second embodiment in which the metal body is produced entirely by additive manufacturing around an insert.
- FIG. 3 schematically shows, in a hybrid perspective view, a steel conduit comprising a female insert as well as a portion of a metallic body produced entirely by additive manufacturing.
- FIG. 4a represents a stress concentration diagram of a threading tooth according to the invention and according to a grade scale.
- Fig. 4b represents a diagram of a portion of an insert according to the invention.
- FIG. 4c represents a diagram of a portion of a connection using the parameters of FIG. 4b.
- FIG. 5 shows in a hybrid perspective view a duct according to a variant of the invention comprising two non-coaxial inserts.
- FIG. 6 shows in a hybrid perspective view a duct according to a variant of the invention comprising three non-coaxial inserts.
- FIG. 1 shows schematically, in a longitudinal sectional view, a tubular threaded joint of the prior art.
- the tubular threaded joint includes a male member (22) and a female member (24) in an assembled or connected state.
- Each element comprises a threaded part (5) and an unthreaded part (6).
- the tubular threaded joint comprises a seal (20) formed by interfering contact of two sealing surfaces of the O-ring or frustoconical type on either side of each of said male and female elements in the assembled state.
- Each of the portions of an element are made from one and the same type of material, that is to say in particular the threaded part, the non-threaded part and the sealing surface. There are therefore not two different types of materials for two different parts of the tube.
- Each of the male (22) or female (24) elements is rectilinear and has an axis of revolution common to both its male end, its main tubular body and its other end (not shown).
- FIG. 2a represents a steel conduit (1) comprising a male insert (2) and a metal body (4), said insert (2) comprising at least a first thread axis (represented by the X axis), at least a sealing surface (21) which can be toroidal or frusto-conical, a threaded part (5) and a non-threaded part (6) connected to the metal body (4).
- the metal body (4) is entirely produced by additive manufacturing.
- the insert (2) can advantageously comprise an anchoring profile (7) arranged to adhere the additive material of the metallic body (4).
- an unthreaded portion (6) comprises a radial surface (6R) which may be perpendicular to the thread axis. This surface can extend radially.
- An unthreaded portion (6) may also include an axial surface (6A) opposite to the threaded portion (5). This surface (6A) can be parallel to the thread axis. This axial surface (6A) can extend axially.
- the non-threaded part (6) designates the surface opposite the threaded part, parallel to the thread axis. It also designates the radial surface of the insert (perpendicular to the thread axis).
- the metal body (4) is produced by deposit by arc-wire additive manufacturing.
- arc-wire additive manufacturing confers good structural integrity and low distortion to the additive material. It does not require complex tools and optimizes material losses as well as possible, thus lowering production costs.
- the metal body (4) produced entirely by additive manufacturing allows ease of geometric configuration. In this way, it is possible to obtain a conduit configured according to the geometric or geological difficulty encountered during the operation of wells or the transport of hydrocarbons, geothermal energy or carbon capture.
- a duct according to the invention has a hydraulic flow that is much smoother and easier to obtain compared to the solutions of the state of the art, in particular by the absence of unbalance during machining.
- the material of the metallic body (4) can be different from that of the insert. It is therefore possible, when possible, to choose a material that is less expensive compared to that of the insert, thus reducing costs. It is also possible to choose materials having different properties with respect to the insert depending on the desired use.
- the metallic body (4) produced by additive manufacturing comprises a material of metallic type chosen from alloy steels, high alloy steels, cupro-nickel alloys, titanium alloys, ceramics, glass-ceramics, or copper, stellite, fero 55.
- the production and machining time is significantly reduced and compatible with industrial requirements.
- the metallic body (4) can be produced by additive manufacturing using a material with a Young's modulus between 110 Gpa and 210 Gpa.
- the body can be made of a material with a Young's modulus of 160 to 210 GPa in order to approximate that of the male insert. Indeed, at equal stress, a material having a high modulus of elasticity will undergo a lower deformation than a material having a low modulus of elasticity.
- the elastic limits of the materials which can be between 300 Mpa and 950 Mpa an insert can comprise a material made of steel, alloy steel, inconel, a nickel base or a steel according to the 13cr or super 13Cr standards.
- the insert must be a controlled part whose dimensions must respect tolerances.
- the insert (2) can be machined by conventional methods with great precision.
- the insert can be obtained separately from the body (4).
- obtaining the insert (2) overcomes the constraints imposed by the geometry of a duct of complex shape.
- the term tolerance is understood to mean the difference between two limit dimensions considered as conforming to the nominal dimensions fixed in advance on a plan.
- the body (4) is obtained by additive manufacturing construction on the insert (2).
- a complex geometric shape may be both a rectilinear and / or non-rectilinear shape over the entire length of the duct.
- the anchoring profile (7) may include a shear surface (11) and / or a tie-down extension (12).
- the anchoring profile (7) can also include annular corrugations, or even annular ribs.
- the anchoring profile (7) makes it possible to increase and ensure the adhesion of the material of the additive body on the insert.
- an anchoring profile (7) comprising one or more shear surfaces (11) allows better interpenetration between the insert and the material produced by additive manufacturing of the body.
- an anchoring profile (7) comprising one or more tie-down extensions (12) allows better grip of the material added by additive manufacturing.
- the Applicant has determined additional conditions binding the insert and the part added by additive manufacturing to ensure the integrity of the duct.
- a transition zone between a material of the insert and that of the metallic body is determined according to the equation: [Math 2] s zz > 85% Ys
- the transition zone between a metal insert (2) and the metal body (4) is conditioned by a minimum safety threshold of 85% Ys. Ys being the elastic limit of the insert material and szz corresponding to the generated constraint.
- the transition zone is included in the insert. It is therefore possible to make a transition from the metallic material of the insert to an additive material, when at least 85% Ys is reached, without the risk of adding additional stresses.
- the transition zone is included in the insert and corresponds to the minimum and radial wall thickness of the insert measured radially.
- K Value of the minimum thickness ratio K corresponds to a minimum thickness ratio necessary to reach the minimum transition zone of 85% of the elastic limit Ys.
- the transition zone is included in the insert and corresponds to the minimum wall thickness of the insert measured radially.
- the inventors determined following several FEA-type simulations that K could be between 0.25 and 0.70 and preferably 0.510.
- outer radius Rext is meant the average radius of the outer surface of the thread surface (T) of the connection.
- the internal radius Ri is understood to mean the internal radius of the connection
- bottom throat thickness of the thread Epg is meant the thickness between the bottom of the thread and the internal radius.
- the depth of the thread Th is meant the height of a thread.
- the main driver of the stress concentration factor Tr is understood to mean the radius which connects the side of a thread to the bottom of the thread.
- K a minimum thickness ratio of Epg necessary to reach the transition zone with 85% of the elastic limit Ys.
- K is a dimensionless real between two well-defined values 0.25 and 0.70. The Applicant has determined that K depends on the parameters Ri, Rext, Tw, Tr, Th.
- FIGS. 4b and 4c All of these parameters are applicable for FIGS. 4b and 4c.
- FIG. 4c makes it possible to illustrate the application of the parameters on a connection with several threads.
- the inventors carried out a test with a value chosen from among the lowest of the ranges and lines of OCTG products with:
- This equation therefore makes it possible to determine a minimum thickness of an insert while ensuring that the previous equation of ozz> 85% Ys is respected.
- the applicant sets out below a set of dimensions and values of insert thicknesses as a function of the external diameter (called “Outside Diameter” or “OD”, see FIG. 3) of the external radius Rext, of the internal radius Ri, the bottom throat thickness of the thread Epg, the depth of the thread Th and the thickness of the thread Tw.
- the value of the connection radius Tr (in mm) which is a stress concentration factor does not vary. A schematic representation of all of these parameters are shown in fig. 4.b.
- a duct according to the invention can comprise an insert having an external diameter (OD) of between 4 and 18.625 inches, or approximately between 100 mm and 480 mm.
- OD external diameter
- a duct according to the invention can therefore comprise a male insert (2) comprising a minimum and radial thickness determined between 4 mm and 20 mm.
- the length of the male insert (2) is between 50 mm and 300 mm.
- the invention makes it possible to manufacture a duct by recovering used inserts and to produce the metal body (4) entirely produced by additive manufacturing around said inserts.
- This also makes it possible to use the invention on portions of recovered tubes intended to be rehabilitated, for example portions of tubes whose ends are still functional.
- FIG. 2b represents a steel conduit (1) comprising a female insert (3) and a metal body (4), said insert (3) comprising at least a first thread axis (represented by the X axis), at least a sealing surface (21) which can be toroidal or frusto-conical, a threaded part (5) and a non-threaded part (6) connected to the metal body (4).
- the metal body (4) is entirely produced by additive manufacturing.
- the insert (3) can include advantageously an anchoring profile (7) arranged to adhere the additive material of the metal body (4).
- an unthreaded portion (6) comprises a radial surface (6R) which may be perpendicular to the thread axis. This surface can extend radially.
- An unthreaded portion (6) may also include an axial surface (6A) opposite to the threaded portion (5). This surface (6A) can be parallel to the thread axis. This axial surface (6A) can extend axially.
- the non-threaded part (6) designates the surface opposite the threaded part, parallel to the thread axis. It also designates the radial surface of the insert (perpendicular to the thread axis).
- the metal body (4) is produced by deposit by arc-wire additive manufacturing.
- arc-wire additive manufacturing confers good structural integrity and low distortion to the additive material. It does not require complex tools and optimizes material losses as well as possible, thus lowering production costs.
- the material of the metallic body (4) can be different from that of the insert. It is therefore possible, when possible, to choose a material that is less expensive compared to that of the insert, thus reducing costs. It is also possible to choose materials having different properties with respect to the insert depending on the desired use.
- the metallic body (4) produced by additive manufacturing comprises a material of metal type chosen from alloy steels, high alloy steels, cupro-nickel alloys, titanium alloys, ceramics, glass-ceramics, or copper, stellite, fero 55.
- the production and machining time is significantly reduced, allowing production that is much more industrially conceivable.
- the metallic body (4) is produced by additive manufacturing using a material with a Young's modulus between 110 Gpa and 210 Gpa.
- the body is made by a Young modulus material of 160 to 210 Gpa in order to approximate that of the female insert. Indeed, at equal stress, a material having a high modulus of elasticity will undergo a lower deformation than a material having a low modulus of elasticity.
- the insert is a controlled part in terms of its tolerances and its machining.
- tolerance is understood to mean the difference between two limit dimensions considered as conforming to the nominal dimensions fixed in advance on a plan.
- the anchoring profile (7) may include a shear surface (11) and / or a tie-down extension (12).
- the anchoring profile (7) makes it possible to increase and ensure the adhesion of the material of the additive body on the insert.
- an anchoring profile (7) comprising one or more shear surfaces (11) allows better interpenetration between the insert and the material produced by manufacturing the body.
- an anchoring profile (7) comprising one or more tie-down extensions (12) allows better grip of the additive material.
- the female insert (3) also comprises a minimum and radial thickness linked to a transition zone between the insert and the metal body.
- the developments linked to the male insert (2) of FIG. 2a apply in a similar manner to the female insert (3).
- a duct according to the invention can comprise an insert having an external diameter (OD) of between 4 and 18.625 inches, ie between 100 mm and 480 mm.
- a duct according to the invention can therefore comprise a female insert (3) comprising a minimum and radial thickness determined between 4 mm and 20 mm.
- the length of the female insert (3) is between 50 mm and 300 mm.
- the invention makes it possible to remodel a very large number of times a duct by recovering the inserts and to remake the metal body (4) entirely produced by additive manufacturing. This also makes it possible to use the invention on portions of recovered tubes intended to be rehabilitated, for example portions of tubes whose ends are still functional.
- FIG. 3 schematically represents, in a perspective view, a steel conduit comprising a female insert (3) as well as a portion of a metallic body (4) entirely produced by additive manufacturing.
- the female insert (3) comprising at least a first thread axis (represented by the X axis), at least one sealing surface (21) which can be toric or frusto-conical (not shown), a threaded part ( 5) and an unthreaded part (6) connected to the metal body (4).
- the metal body (4) is entirely produced by additive manufacturing.
- the insert (3) can advantageously comprise an anchoring profile (7) arranged to adhere the additive material of the metallic body (4).
- the female insert (3) comprises in particular an external diameter OD of between 4 and 18.625 inches, ie between 100 mm and 480 mm.
- Figure 3 was produced as a representation and does not always respect a real scale.
- FIG. 4a represents a stress concentration diagram which is applied at the level of a net base according to the invention and according to a shade scale.
- FIG. 4b represents a diagram of a threading tooth according to the invention, a stress concentration diagram.
- An additive material must, among other things, confer elastic deformation resistance properties close to those of the insert material. This is because a material having a high modulus of elasticity will undergo a lower deformation than a material having a low modulus of elasticity.
- determining the minimum and radial thickness of the insert according to the equation min thickness Rext (K Epg Ri) allows us to know the threshold from which the transition between the material of the insert and that of the additive material is done safely without generating additional constraints. That is to say from 85% of elastic limit Ys of the material of the insert.
- the additional stresses can correspond to shear stresses, to stresses generated by the additive material by direct action on the insert, or even to the equivalent Von Mises stresses, that is to say a parameter which combines the whole applied stresses and which can be compared directly to the elastic limit.
- Figure 4b has been produced as a representation and does not always follow a real scale.
- FIG. 5 represents, in a hybrid view in section and in perspective, a duct according to a variant of the invention comprising two non-coaxial inserts.
- a duct according to this variant therefore comprises two inserts which can be male (2) and / or female (3).
- a duct insert (2, 3) includes an interior space (31, 32).
- a metal body (4) entirely produced by additive manufacturing connects the inserts (2, 3) and comprises an interior body space (33) communicating with the interior spaces (31, 32) of the inserts (2, 3).
- Each of the male (2) or female (3) inserts can comprise a minimum and radial thickness linked to a transition zone between the insert and the metal body.
- the developments linked to the male insert (2) of FIG. 2a as well as the developments linked to the female insert (3) of FIG. 2b apply in a similar manner to each of said male (2) or female (3) inserts. ) of Figure 5.
- a first insert (2, 3) includes a first thread axis A1.
- a second insert (2, 3) also includes a second thread axis A2.
- the first and second axes A1 and A2 can be collinear.
- the first and second axes A1 and A2 can be parallel to one another and not intersecting, admitting no point in common.
- the first and second axes A1 and A2 may be non-parallel to each other and intersecting admitting a point in common.
- the first and second axes A1 and A2 may be non-parallel to each other and non-secant, not admitting a point in common.
- the last three configurations consequently admit an offset in the space of the inserts (2, 3)
- the duct (1) then comprises an interior space bringing together the interior spaces of the inserts and the body and this interior space of the duct is not rectilinear.
- the thread axis of a first male (2) or female (3) insert is inclined relative to the axis of a second male (2) or female (3) insert of the same duct (1). This tilt angle is between 0 and 75 degrees.
- a duct (1) can admit male (2) or female (3) inserts with different dimensions. For example a minimum and radial thickness between 4 mm and 20 mm different for each of the inserts or else an external diameter OD of between 4 and 18.625 inches, ie approximately between 100 mm and 480 mm different for each of the inserts.
- the conduit shown in Figure 5 comprises a first insert with an outer diameter larger than the outer diameter of the second insert. The first insert has a thickness greater than the thickness of the second insert.
- the metal body (4) produced entirely by additive manufacturing allows ease of geometric configuration. In this way, it is possible to obtain a conduit configured according to the geometric or geological difficulty encountered during the operation of wells or the transport of hydrocarbons, geothermal energy or carbon capture.
- a duct according to the invention has an interior space arranged for a hydraulic flow with reduced turbulence thanks to variations in smoothed sections and easier obtaining compared to the solutions of the state of the art, in particular by the no unbalance during machining.
- FIG. 6 represents, in a hybrid view in section and in perspective, a duct according to another variant of the invention comprising three non-coaxial inserts.
- a duct comprises three inserts which can be male and / or female (62, 63, 64).
- a metal body (65) produced entirely by additive manufacturing is connected to each of the inserts (62, 63, 64).
- the inserts (62, 63, 64) include interior insert spaces.
- the metallic body (65) includes an interior body space communicating with the interior insert spaces so that all interior spaces are in communication.
- each of the male or female inserts may include a minimum thickness linked to a transition zone between the insert and the metal body.
- a first insert (2, 3) includes a first thread axis A1.
- a second insert (2, 3) also includes a second thread axis A2.
- a third insert includes a third A3 thread axis.
- the first, second and third axes A1, A2 and A3 may be non-parallel to each other and intersecting admitting at least one point in common.
- the first, second and third axes A1, A2 and A3 can be non-parallel to each other and non-secant not admitting any point in common.
- the first, second and third axes A1, A2 and A3 may not all be parallel to each other but two of the three axes may be collinear.
- the third axis is therefore not collinear with the other two axes.
- the metal body (4) produced entirely by additive manufacturing allows ease of geometric configuration.
- a conduit (1) according to this variant of the invention makes it possible to create a made-to-measure distribution network, with for example several outlet points and several entry points.
- a conduit (1) according to this variant of the invention makes it possible to reduce the number of conduits or tubes necessary during an operation in the field of oil, gas, carbon capture or geothermal energy.
- a duct according to the invention has an interior space with smooth dimensional variations, facilitating the hydraulic flow and making it easier to obtain compared to the solutions of the state of the art, in particular by the absence of unbalance at the 'machining.
- This type of conduit does not exist on the oil services equipment market, in particular due to the difficulty of obtaining it with existing means.
- the invention makes it possible to manufacture a duct by recovering used inserts and to produce the metal body (4) entirely produced by additive manufacturing around said inserts.
- This also makes it possible to use the invention on portions of recovered tubes intended to be rehabilitated, for example portions of tubes whose ends are still functional.
- FIGS. 5 and 6 are applicable for conduits comprising more than 3 male (2) or female (3) inserts.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Rigid Pipes And Flexible Pipes (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Chemical Vapour Deposition (AREA)
- Sampling And Sample Adjustment (AREA)
- Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
EP21718887.9A EP4139555A1 (fr) | 2020-04-22 | 2021-04-16 | Insert precisement integre dans un corps brut realise par fabrication additive |
BR112022020564A BR112022020564A2 (pt) | 2020-04-22 | 2021-04-16 | Inserto integrado de modo preciso em um corpo bruto realizado por fabricação aditiva |
US17/996,873 US20230147500A1 (en) | 2020-04-22 | 2021-04-16 | Insert precision-integrated into a blank body by additive manufacturing |
MX2022013326A MX2022013326A (es) | 2020-04-22 | 2021-04-16 | Inserto integrado con precision en un cuerpo bruto hecho por fabricacion aditiva. |
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR2004017A FR3109543B1 (fr) | 2020-04-22 | 2020-04-22 | Insert precisement integre dans un corps brut realise par fabrication additive. |
FRFR2004017 | 2020-04-22 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2021213902A1 true WO2021213902A1 (fr) | 2021-10-28 |
Family
ID=71662054
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/EP2021/059858 WO2021213902A1 (fr) | 2020-04-22 | 2021-04-16 | Insert precisement integre dans un corps brut realise par fabrication additive |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US20230147500A1 (fr) |
EP (1) | EP4139555A1 (fr) |
AR (1) | AR121904A1 (fr) |
BR (1) | BR112022020564A2 (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3109543B1 (fr) |
MX (1) | MX2022013326A (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2021213902A1 (fr) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2818728A1 (fr) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-28 | Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas | Joint filete tubulaire avec butee renforcee |
CN108278088A (zh) | 2018-03-29 | 2018-07-13 | 吉林大学 | 一种钢铝梯度复合材料钻杆及其制备方法 |
WO2019016254A1 (fr) | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-24 | Vallourec Oil And Gas France | Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de raccordement |
EP3561218A1 (fr) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-10-30 | Vallourec Oil And Gas France | Dispositif de protection pour une partie de boîte de raccordement d'un tube d'acier destiné à être utilisé dans une chaîne de travail tubulaire d'hydrocarbure |
Family Cites Families (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5186500A (en) * | 1990-10-09 | 1993-02-16 | Ameron, Inc. | Fiberglass tubular coupling with liner |
US5350202A (en) * | 1992-08-05 | 1994-09-27 | Smith Fiberglass Products Inc. | Method and apparatus for attaching lengths of fiberglass reinforced plastic pipe |
JP2013204743A (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-07 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | パイプ |
JP2013204744A (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-07 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | パイプおよびパイプの製造方法 |
JP2013204745A (ja) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-07 | Hitachi Zosen Corp | パイプおよびパイプの製造方法 |
US11035503B2 (en) * | 2018-01-09 | 2021-06-15 | Marubeni-Itochu Tubulars America Inc. | Threaded connection with void |
-
2020
- 2020-04-22 FR FR2004017A patent/FR3109543B1/fr active Active
-
2021
- 2021-04-16 EP EP21718887.9A patent/EP4139555A1/fr active Pending
- 2021-04-16 US US17/996,873 patent/US20230147500A1/en active Pending
- 2021-04-16 WO PCT/EP2021/059858 patent/WO2021213902A1/fr unknown
- 2021-04-16 BR BR112022020564A patent/BR112022020564A2/pt unknown
- 2021-04-16 MX MX2022013326A patent/MX2022013326A/es unknown
- 2021-04-21 AR ARP210101071A patent/AR121904A1/es unknown
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2818728A1 (fr) | 2000-12-22 | 2002-06-28 | Vallourec Mannesmann Oil & Gas | Joint filete tubulaire avec butee renforcee |
WO2019016254A1 (fr) | 2017-07-18 | 2019-01-24 | Vallourec Oil And Gas France | Procédé de fabrication d'une pièce de raccordement |
CN108278088A (zh) | 2018-03-29 | 2018-07-13 | 吉林大学 | 一种钢铝梯度复合材料钻杆及其制备方法 |
EP3561218A1 (fr) * | 2018-04-26 | 2019-10-30 | Vallourec Oil And Gas France | Dispositif de protection pour une partie de boîte de raccordement d'un tube d'acier destiné à être utilisé dans une chaîne de travail tubulaire d'hydrocarbure |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
FR3109543A1 (fr) | 2021-10-29 |
BR112022020564A2 (pt) | 2022-12-06 |
FR3109543B1 (fr) | 2023-12-29 |
MX2022013326A (es) | 2023-03-01 |
EP4139555A1 (fr) | 2023-03-01 |
AR121904A1 (es) | 2022-07-20 |
US20230147500A1 (en) | 2023-05-11 |
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