WO2021200610A1 - 動画像復号装置、動画像符号化装置、動画像復号方法及び動画像符号化方法 - Google Patents
動画像復号装置、動画像符号化装置、動画像復号方法及び動画像符号化方法 Download PDFInfo
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Definitions
- An embodiment of the present invention relates to a predictive image generator, a moving image decoding device, and a moving image coding device.
- the present application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2020-062318 filed in Japan on March 31, 2020, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
- a moving image coding device that generates encoded data by encoding the moving image, and a moving image that generates a decoded image by decoding the encoded data.
- An image decoding device is used.
- the moving image coding method include H.264 / AVC and H.265 / HEVC (High-Efficiency Video Coding) methods.
- the image (picture) constituting the moving image is a slice obtained by dividing the image and a coding tree unit (CTU: Coding Tree Unit) obtained by dividing the slice. ), A coding unit obtained by dividing the coding tree unit (sometimes called a coding unit (CU)), and a conversion unit (TU:) obtained by dividing the coding unit. It is managed by a hierarchical structure consisting of TransformUnit), and is encoded / decoded for each CU.
- CTU Coding Tree Unit
- a predicted image is usually generated based on a locally decoded image obtained by encoding / decoding an input image, and the predicted image is obtained from the input image (original image).
- the prediction error obtained by subtraction (sometimes referred to as "difference image” or "residual image") is encoded.
- Examples of the method for generating a prediction image include inter-screen prediction (inter-screen prediction) and in-screen prediction (intra-prediction).
- Non-Patent Document 1 is mentioned as a recent moving image coding and decoding technique.
- Non-Patent Document 1 a mechanism is adopted in which a plurality of reference picture lists are defined and used with reference to them in the management of the reference picture list.
- weight prediction a method of explicitly defining the number of weights is adopted.
- Non-Patent Document 1 there is a problem that the reference picture becomes undefined because the reference picture list in which the number of reference pictures is 0 can be defined in the management of the reference picture list.
- the moving image decoding device is a moving image decoding device that derives a predicted image using a reference picture included in a reference picture list. Included in the sequence parameter set, (I) One or more reference picture list structures and (Ii) A first flag indicating whether the first reference picture list information exists in the slice header whose nal_unit_type is an IDR picture, and A parameter decoding unit that decodes a second flag that indicates whether or not the second reference picture list information included in the picture parameter set exists in the picture header, and a parameter decoding unit that decodes the second flag.
- the nal_unit_type or the first flag and the second flag are used to derive the first reference picture list information, or in the picture header, the second flag is used. Then, the second reference picture list information is derived.
- a prediction parameter deriving unit for deriving the reference picture list based on the reference picture list structure is provided. If the first reference picture list is not derived, the number of entries in the reference picture list structure is estimated to be zero.
- the moving image coding device is a moving image coding device that derives a predicted image using a reference picture included in a reference picture list. Included in the sequence parameter set, (I) One or more reference picture list structures and (Ii) A first flag indicating whether the first reference picture list information exists in the slice header whose nal_unit_type is an IDR picture, and A parameter coding unit that encodes a second flag that indicates whether or not the second reference picture list information included in the picture parameter set exists in the picture header, and a parameter coding unit that encodes the second flag.
- the nal_unit_type or the first flag and the second flag are used to derive the first reference picture list information, or in the picture header, the second flag is used. Then, the second reference picture list information is derived.
- a prediction parameter deriving unit for deriving the reference picture list based on the reference picture list structure is provided. If the first reference picture list is not derived, the number of entries in the reference picture list structure is estimated to be zero.
- the moving image decoding method is a moving image decoding method for deriving a predicted image using a reference picture included in a reference picture list. Included in the sequence parameter set, (I) One or more reference picture list structures and (Ii) A first flag indicating whether the first reference picture list information exists in the slice header whose nal_unit_type is an IDR picture, and A step of decoding a second flag, which is included in the picture parameter set and indicates whether or not the second reference picture list information is present in the picture header. (I) In the slice header, the nal_unit_type or the first flag and the second flag are used to derive the first reference picture list information, or in the picture header, the second flag is used.
- the second reference picture list information is derived.
- the moving image coding method is a moving image coding method for deriving a predicted image using a reference picture included in a reference picture list. Included in the sequence parameter set, (I) One or more reference picture list structures and (Ii) A first flag indicating whether the first reference picture list information exists in the slice header whose nal_unit_type is an IDR picture, and A step of encoding a second flag, which is included in the picture parameter set and indicates whether or not the second reference picture list information is present in the picture header. (I) In the slice header, the nal_unit_type or the first flag and the second flag are used to derive the first reference picture list information, or in the picture header, the second flag is used.
- the second reference picture list information is derived.
- the reference picture does not become indefinite.
- PROD_A indicates a transmitting device equipped with a moving image coding device
- PROD_B indicates a receiving device equipped with a moving image decoding device.
- PROD_C indicates a recording device equipped with a moving image coding device
- PROD_D indicates a playback device equipped with a moving image decoding device.
- SPS Sequence Parameter Set
- PPS Picture Parameter Set
- FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the configuration of the image transmission system 1 according to the present embodiment.
- the image transmission system 1 is a system that transmits a coded stream in which images of different resolutions whose resolutions have been converted are encoded, decodes the transmitted coded stream, and reverse-converts the image to the original resolution for display. ..
- the image transmission system 1 includes a resolution conversion device (resolution conversion unit) 51, a moving image coding device (image coding device) 11, a network 21, a moving image decoding device (image decoding device) 31, and a reverse resolution conversion device (reverse resolution).
- the conversion unit) 61 and the moving image display device (image display device) 41 are included.
- the resolution conversion device 51 converts the resolution of the image T included in the moving image, and supplies the variable resolution moving image signal including the images having different resolutions to the image coding device 11. Further, the resolution conversion device 51 supplies information indicating the presence / absence of resolution conversion of the image to the moving image coding device 11. When the information indicates resolution conversion, the moving image coding apparatus sets the resolution conversion information ref_pic_resampling_enabled_flag, which will be described later, to 1, and encodes the coded data by including it in the sequence parameter set SPS (Sequence Parameter Set).
- SPS Sequence Parameter Set
- the image T whose resolution has been converted is input to the moving image coding device 11.
- the network 21 transmits the coded stream Te generated by the video coding device 11 to the video decoding device 31.
- the network 21 is an Internet (Internet), a wide area network (WAN: Wide Area Network), a small network (LAN: Local Area Network), or a combination thereof.
- the network 21 is not necessarily limited to a two-way communication network, but may be a one-way communication network that transmits broadcast waves such as terrestrial digital broadcasting and satellite broadcasting. Further, the network 21 may be replaced with a storage medium on which a coded stream Te such as a DVD (Digital Versatile Disc: registered trademark) or BD (Blue-ray Disc: registered trademark) is recorded.
- the moving image decoding device 31 decodes each of the coded streams Te transmitted by the network 21, generates a variable resolution decoded image signal, and supplies the variable resolution decoded image signal to the resolution inverse conversion device 61.
- the resolution inverse conversion device 61 When the resolution conversion information included in the variable resolution decoded image signal indicates resolution conversion, the resolution inverse conversion device 61 generates an original size decoded image signal by inversely converting the resolution-converted image.
- the moving image display device 41 displays all or a part of one or a plurality of decoded image Td indicated by the decoded image signal input from the resolution inverse conversion unit.
- the moving image display device 41 includes, for example, a display device such as a liquid crystal display or an organic EL (Electro-luminescence) display. Examples of the display form include stationary, mobile, and HMD. Further, when the moving image decoding device 31 has a high processing capacity, an image having a high image quality is displayed, and when the moving image decoding device 31 has a lower processing capacity, an image which does not require a high processing capacity and a display capacity is displayed. ..
- X? Y: z is a ternary operator that takes y when x is true (other than 0) and z when x is false (0).
- Abs (a) is a function that returns the absolute value of a.
- Int (a) is a function that returns an integer value of a.
- Floor (a) is a function that returns the largest integer less than or equal to a.
- Ceil (a) is a function that returns the smallest integer greater than or equal to a.
- a / d represents the division of a by d (rounded down to the nearest whole number).
- Min (a, b) represents the smaller value of a and b.
- FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a hierarchical structure of data in the coded stream Te.
- the coded stream Te typically includes a sequence and a plurality of pictures that make up the sequence.
- FIG. 4 includes a coded video sequence that defines the sequence SEQ, a coded picture that defines the picture PICT, a coded slice that defines the slice S, coded slice data that defines the slice data, and coded slice data.
- a diagram showing a coded tree unit and a coded unit included in the coded tree unit is shown.
- the coded video sequence defines a set of data that the moving image decoding device 31 refers to in order to decode the sequence SEQ to be processed.
- the sequence SEQ includes a video parameter set VPS (Video Parameter Set), a sequence parameter set SPS (Sequence Parameter Set), a picture parameter set PPS (Picture Parameter Set), an Adaptation Parameter Set (APS), and a picture PICT.
- VPS Video Parameter Set
- SPS Sequence Parameter Set
- PPS Picture Parameter Set
- APS Adaptation Parameter Set
- SEI Supplemental Enhancement Information
- the video parameter set VPS is a set of coding parameters common to a plurality of moving images in a moving image composed of a plurality of layers, and a set of coding parameters related to the plurality of layers included in the moving image and individual layers.
- the set is defined.
- the sequence parameter set SPS defines a set of coding parameters that the moving image decoding device 31 refers to in order to decode the target sequence. For example, the width and height of the picture are specified. There may be a plurality of SPS. In that case, select one of multiple SPSs from PPS.
- the sequence parameter set SPS includes the following syntax.
- -Ref_pic_resampling_enabled_flag A flag that specifies whether to use the function to change the resolution (resampling) when decoding each image included in a single sequence that refers to the target SPS.
- the flag is a flag indicating that the size of the reference picture referenced in the generation of the predicted image varies between each image represented by a single sequence. If the value of the flag is 1, the above resampling is applied, and if it is 0, it is not applied.
- -Pic_width_max_in_luma_samples A syntax that specifies the width of the image with the maximum width in a single sequence in units of luminance blocks.
- MinCbSizeY is a value determined by the minimum size of the luminance block.
- -Pic_height_max_in_luma_samples A syntax that specifies the height of the image with the maximum height in a single sequence in units of luminance blocks. Further, the value of the syntax is required to be not 0 and an integral multiple of Max (8, MinCbSizeY).
- -Sps_temporal_mvp_enabled_flag A flag that specifies whether or not to use time motion vector prediction when decoding the target sequence.
- the time motion vector prediction is used, and if the value is 0, the time motion vector prediction is not used.
- the flag it is possible to prevent the coordinate positions to be referred to from being displaced when referencing reference pictures having different resolutions.
- the picture parameter set PPS defines a set of coding parameters that the moving image decoding device 31 refers to in order to decode each picture in the target sequence. For example, a reference value of the quantization width used for decoding a picture (pic_init_qp_minus26) and a flag indicating the application of weighted prediction (weighted_pred_flag) are included. There may be a plurality of PPSs. In that case, one of a plurality of PPSs is selected from each picture in the target sequence.
- the coded slice defines a set of data referred to by the moving image decoding device 31 in order to decode the slice S to be processed.
- the slice contains a slice header and slice data as shown in FIG.
- the slice header includes a group of coding parameters referred to by the moving image decoding device 31 to determine the decoding method of the target slice.
- the slice type specification information (slice_type) that specifies the slice type is an example of the coding parameter included in the slice header.
- I slice that uses only intra prediction at the time of coding (2) simple prediction (L0 prediction) at the time of coding, or intra prediction is used.
- Examples include P-slice, (3) simple prediction (L0 prediction using only reference picture list 0 or L1 prediction using only reference picture list 1), double prediction, or B-slice using intra prediction at the time of encoding. ..
- the inter-prediction is not limited to single prediction and bi-prediction, and a prediction image may be generated using more reference pictures.
- P and B slices they refer to slices containing blocks for which inter-prediction can be used.
- the slice header may include a reference (pic_parameter_set_id) to the picture parameter set PPS.
- the coded slice data defines a set of data referred to by the moving image decoding device 31 in order to decode the slice data to be processed.
- the slice data contains a CTU, as shown in the coded slice header of FIG.
- a CTU is a fixed-size (for example, 64x64) block that constitutes a slice, and is sometimes called a maximum coding unit (LCU).
- FIG. 4 defines a set of data referred to by the moving image decoding device 31 in order to decode the CTU to be processed.
- CTU is encoded by recursive quadtree division (QT (Quad Tree) division), binary tree division (BT (Binary Tree) division) or ternary tree division (TT (Ternary Tree) division). It is divided into a coding unit CU, which is a basic unit.
- the BT division and the TT division are collectively called a multi-tree division (MT (Multi Tree) division).
- MT Multi Tree
- a tree-structured node obtained by recursive quadtree division is called a coding node.
- the intermediate nodes of the quadtree, binary, and ternary tree are coded nodes, and the CTU itself is also defined as the highest level coded node.
- CT has a CU division flag (split_cu_flag) indicating whether or not to perform CT division, a QT division flag (qt_split_cu_flag) indicating whether or not to perform QT division, and an MT division direction (MT division direction) indicating the division direction of MT division as CT information.
- mtt_split_cu_vertical_flag including MT division type (mtt_split_cu_binary_flag) indicating the division type of MT division.
- split_cu_flag, qt_split_cu_flag, mtt_split_cu_vertical_flag, mtt_split_cu_binary_flag are transmitted for each coding node.
- the tree type is indicated by treeType.
- treeType SINGLE_TREE.
- DUAL_TREE_LUMA DUAL_TREE_LUMA
- DUAL_TREE_CHROMA DUAL_TREE_CHROMA
- FIG. 4 defines a set of data referred to by the moving image decoding device 31 in order to decode the coding unit to be processed.
- the CU is composed of a CU header CUH, a prediction parameter, a conversion parameter, a quantization conversion coefficient, and the like.
- the CU header defines the prediction mode and so on.
- Prediction processing may be performed in CU units or in sub-CU units that are further divided CUs. If the size of the CU and the sub CU are equal, there is only one sub CU in the CU. If the CU is larger than the size of the sub CU, the CU is split into sub CUs. For example, when the CU is 8x8 and the sub CU is 4x4, the CU is divided into four sub CUs consisting of two horizontal divisions and two vertical divisions.
- Intra-prediction is prediction within the same picture
- inter-prediction refers to prediction processing performed between different pictures (for example, between display times and between layer images).
- the conversion / quantization process is performed in CU units, but the quantization conversion coefficient may be entropy-coded in subblock units such as 4x4.
- Prediction parameter The prediction image is derived by the prediction parameters associated with the block. Prediction parameters include intra-prediction and inter-prediction prediction parameters.
- the inter-prediction parameter is composed of the prediction list usage flags predFlagL0 and predFlagL1, the reference picture indexes refIdxL0 and refIdxL1, and the motion vectors mvL0 and mvL1.
- predFlagL0 and predFlagL1 are flags indicating whether or not the reference picture list (L0 list, L1 list) is used, and the reference picture list corresponding to the case where the value is 1 is used.
- the syntax elements for deriving the inter-prediction parameters include, for example, the affine flag affine_flag used in the merge mode, the merge flag merge_flag, the merge index merge_idx, the MMVD flag mmvd_flag, and the inter-prediction identifier for selecting the reference picture used in the AMVP mode.
- inter_pred_idc reference picture index refIdxLX
- prediction vector index mvp_LX_idx for deriving motion vector
- difference vector mvdLX motion vector accuracy mode amvr_mode.
- the reference picture list is a list composed of reference pictures stored in the reference picture memory 306.
- FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing an example of a reference picture and a reference picture list.
- the rectangle is the picture
- the arrow is the reference relationship of the picture
- the horizontal axis is the time
- I, P, and B in the rectangle are the intra picture, the single prediction picture, and the bi prediction picture, respectively.
- the numbers in the rectangle indicate the decoding order.
- the decoding order of the pictures is I0, P1, B2, B3, B4, and the display order is I0, B3, B2, B4, P1.
- FIG. 5 shows an example of a reference picture list of picture B3 (target picture).
- the reference picture list is a list representing candidates for reference pictures, and one picture (slice) may have one or more reference picture lists.
- the target picture B3 has a reference picture list of the L0 list RefPicList0 and the L1 list RefPicList1.
- LX is a description method used when the L0 prediction and the L1 prediction are not distinguished.
- the parameters for the L0 list and the parameters for the L1 list are distinguished by replacing LX with L0 and L1.
- Prediction parameter decoding (encoding) methods include merge prediction (merge) mode and AMVP (Advanced Motion Vector Prediction) mode, and merge_flag is a flag for identifying these.
- the merge prediction mode is a mode in which the prediction list usage flag predFlagLX, the reference picture index refIdxLX, and the motion vector mvLX are not included in the encoded data, but are derived from the prediction parameters of the neighboring blocks that have already been processed.
- AMVP mode is a mode that includes inter_pred_idc, refIdxLX, and mvLX in the coded data.
- mvLX is encoded as mvp_LX_idx that identifies the prediction vector mvpLX and the difference vector mvdLX.
- merge prediction mode there may be an affine prediction mode and an MMVD prediction mode.
- Inter_pred_idc is a value indicating the type and number of reference pictures, and takes any of PRED_L0, PRED_L1, and PRED_BI.
- PRED_L0 and PRED_L1 indicate a simple prediction using one reference picture managed by the L0 list and the L1 list, respectively.
- PRED_BI shows a bi-prediction using two reference pictures managed by the L0 list and the L1 list.
- Merge_idx is an index indicating which of the prediction parameter candidates (merge candidates) derived from the processed block is used as the prediction parameter of the target block.
- mvLX indicates the amount of shift between blocks on two different pictures.
- the prediction vector and difference vector related to mvLX are called mvpLX and mvdLX, respectively.
- inter_pred_idc and prediction list usage flag predFlagLX The relationship between inter_pred_idc, predFlagL0, and predFlagL1 is as follows, and they can be converted to each other.
- the prediction list use flag may be used, or the inter-prediction identifier may be used. Further, the determination using the prediction list use flag may be replaced with the determination using the inter-prediction identifier. On the contrary, the determination using the inter-prediction identifier may be replaced with the determination using the prediction list utilization flag.
- the bipred flag biPred can be derived depending on whether the two prediction list usage flags are both 1. For example, it can be derived by the following formula.
- biPred can also be derived by whether or not the inter-prediction identifier is a value indicating that two prediction lists (reference pictures) are used. For example, it can be derived by the following formula.
- the configuration of the moving image decoding device 31 (FIG. 6) according to the present embodiment will be described.
- the moving image decoding device 31 includes an entropy decoding unit 301, a parameter decoding unit (predicted image decoding device) 302, a loop filter 305, a reference picture memory 306, a predicted parameter memory 307, a predicted image generator (predicted image generator) 308, and a reverse. It includes a quantization / inverse conversion unit 311, an addition unit 312, and a prediction parameter derivation unit 320. In addition, there is also a configuration in which the loop filter 305 is not included in the moving image decoding device 31 in accordance with the moving image coding device 11 described later.
- the parameter decoding unit 302 further includes a header decoding unit 3020, a CT information decoding unit 3021, and a CU decoding unit 3022 (prediction mode decoding unit), and the CU decoding unit 3022 further includes a TU decoding unit 3024.
- the header decoding unit 3020 decodes the parameter set information such as VPS, SPS, PPS, and APS, and the slice header (slice information) from the encoded data.
- the CT information decoding unit 3021 decodes the CT from the coded data.
- the CU decoding unit 3022 decodes the CU from the coded data.
- the TU decoding unit 3024 decodes the QP update information (quantization correction value) and the quantization prediction error (residual_coding) from the encoded data when the TU contains a prediction error.
- the TU decoding unit 3024 decodes the index mts_idx indicating the conversion basis from the coded data. Further, the TU decoding unit 3024 decodes the index stIdx indicating the use of the secondary conversion and the conversion basis from the encoded data. When stIdx is 0, it indicates that the secondary conversion is not applied, when it is 1, it indicates the conversion of one of the set (pair) of the secondary conversion basis, and when it is 2, it indicates the conversion of the other of the above pairs.
- the TU decoding unit 3024 may decode the subblock conversion flag cu_sbt_flag.
- cu_sbt_flag is 1, the CU is divided into a plurality of subblocks, and the residual is decoded only in one specific subblock.
- the TU decoding unit 3024 may decode the flag cu_sbt_quad_flag indicating whether the number of subblocks is 4 or 2, the cu_sbt_horizontal_flag indicating the division direction, and the cu_sbt_pos_flag indicating the subblock containing the non-zero conversion coefficient. ..
- the prediction image generation unit 308 includes an inter-prediction image generation unit 309 and an intra-prediction image generation unit 310.
- the prediction parameter derivation unit 320 includes an inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303 and an intra-prediction parameter derivation unit 304.
- CTU and CU as the processing unit
- processing is not limited to this example, and processing may be performed in sub-CU units.
- CTU and CU may be read as blocks
- sub-CUs may be read as sub-blocks
- processing may be performed in units of blocks or sub-blocks.
- the entropy decoding unit 301 performs entropy decoding on the coded stream Te input from the outside, and decodes each code (syntax element).
- CABAC Context Adaptive Binary Arithmetic Coding
- stores the CABAC state of the context the type of dominant symbol (0 or 1) and the probability state index pStateIdx that specifies the probability
- the entropy decoding unit 301 initializes all CABAC states at the beginning of the segment (tile, CTU row, slice).
- the entropy decoding unit 301 converts the syntax element into a binary string (Bin String) and decodes each bit of the Bin String.
- the context index ctxInc is derived for each bit of the syntax element, the bit is decoded using the context, and the CABAC state of the used context is updated. Bits that do not use context are decoded with equal probability (EP, bypass), and ctxInc derivation and CABAC state are omitted.
- the decoded syntax elements include prediction information for generating a prediction image, prediction error for generating a difference image, and the like.
- the entropy decoding unit 301 outputs the decoded code to the parameter decoding unit 302.
- the decoded code is, for example, the prediction mode predMode, merge_flag, merge_idx, inter_pred_idc, refIdxLX, mvp_LX_idx, mvdLX, amvr_mode and the like.
- the control of which code is decoded is performed based on the instruction of the parameter decoding unit 302.
- FIG. 7 is a flowchart illustrating a schematic operation of the moving image decoding device 31.
- the header decoding unit 3020 decodes the parameter set information such as VPS, SPS, and PPS from the encoded data.
- the header decoding unit 3020 decodes the slice header (slice information) from the encoded data.
- the moving image decoding device 31 derives the decoded image of each CTU by repeating the processes of S1300 to S5000 for each CTU included in the target picture.
- the CT information decoding unit 3021 decodes the CTU from the encoded data.
- the CT information decoding unit 3021 decodes the CT from the encoded data.
- the CU decoding unit 3022 executes S1510 and S1520 to decode the CU from the coded data.
- the CU decoding unit 3022 decodes CU information, prediction information, TU division flag split_transform_flag, CU residual flags cbf_cb, cbf_cr, cbf_luma, etc. from the encoded data.
- the TU decoding unit 3024 decodes the QP update information, the quantization prediction error, and the conversion index mts_idx from the encoded data.
- the QP update information is a difference value from the quantization parameter prediction value qPpred, which is the prediction value of the quantization parameter QP.
- the prediction image generation unit 308 generates a prediction image based on the prediction information for each block included in the target CU.
- the inverse quantization / inverse transformation unit 311 executes the inverse quantization / inverse transformation processing for each TU included in the target CU.
- the addition unit 312 decodes the target CU by adding the prediction image supplied by the prediction image generation unit 308 and the prediction error supplied by the inverse quantization / inverse conversion unit 311. Generate an image.
- the loop filter 305 applies a loop filter such as a deblocking filter, SAO, and ALF to the decoded image to generate a decoded image.
- a loop filter such as a deblocking filter, SAO, and ALF
- FIG. 9 shows a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303 according to the present embodiment.
- the inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303 derives the inter-prediction parameter based on the syntax element input from the parameter decoding unit 302 with reference to the prediction parameter stored in the prediction parameter memory 307. Further, the inter-prediction parameter is output to the inter-prediction image generation unit 309 and the prediction parameter memory 307.
- Inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303 and its internal elements AMVP prediction parameter derivation unit 3032, merge prediction parameter derivation unit 3036, Affin prediction unit 30372, MMVD prediction unit 30373, GPM prediction unit 30377, DMVR unit 30537, MV addition unit 3038 Is a means common to the moving image coding device and the moving image decoding device, and therefore, these may be collectively referred to as a motion vector derivation unit (motion vector derivation device).
- the scale parameter derivation unit 30378 refers to the horizontal scaling ratio RefPicScale [i] [j] [0] of the reference picture, the vertical scaling ratio RefPicScale [i] [j] [1] of the reference picture, and the reference. Derive RefPicIsScaled [i] [j] to indicate whether the picture is scaled.
- i indicates whether the reference picture list is the L0 list or the L1 list
- j is derived as the value of the L0 reference picture list or the L1 reference picture list as follows.
- the variable PicOutputWidthL is a value when calculating the horizontal scaling ratio when the coded picture is referenced, and is the number of pixels in the horizontal direction of the brightness of the coded picture minus the left and right offset values. Used.
- the variable PicOutputHeightL is a value when calculating the scaling ratio in the vertical direction when the coded picture is referenced, and the value obtained by subtracting the vertical offset value from the number of pixels in the vertical direction of the brightness of the coded picture is used.
- variable fRefWidth is the value of PicOutputWidthL of the reference picture of the reference picture list value j of the list i
- variable fRefHight is the value of PicOutputHeightL of the reference picture of the reference picture list value j of the list i.
- affine prediction unit 30372 derives the inter prediction parameter for each subblock.
- the MMVD prediction unit 30373 derives the inter prediction parameter from the merge candidate and the difference vector derived by the merge prediction parameter derivation unit 3036.
- the GPM prediction unit 30377 derives the GPM prediction parameters.
- merge_idx is derived and output to the merge prediction parameter derivation unit 3036.
- AMVP prediction parameter derivation unit 3032 derives mvpLX from inter_pred_idc, refIdxLX or mvp_LX_idx.
- MV addition part In the MV addition unit 3038, the derived mvpLX and mvdLX are added to derive mvLX.
- the affine prediction unit 30372 derives 1) motion vectors of two control points CP0, CP1 or three control points CP0, CP1, CP2 of the target block, and 2) derives affine prediction parameters of the target block, and 3).
- the motion vector of each subblock is derived from the affine prediction parameters.
- the motion vector cpMvLX [] of each control point CP0, CP1, CP2 is derived from the motion vector of the adjacent block of the target block.
- cpMvLX [] of each control point is derived from the sum of the prediction vector of each control point CP0, CP1 and CP2 and the difference vector mvdCpLX [] derived from the coded data.
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the merge prediction parameter derivation unit 3036 according to the present embodiment.
- the merge prediction parameter derivation unit 3036 includes a merge candidate derivation unit 30361 and a merge candidate selection unit 30362.
- the merge candidate is configured to include prediction parameters (predFlagLX, mvLX, refIdxLX) and is stored in the merge candidate list.
- the merge candidates stored in the merge candidate list are indexed according to a predetermined rule.
- the merge candidate derivation unit 30361 derives the merge candidate by using the motion vector of the decoded adjacent block and refIdxLX as they are.
- the merge candidate derivation unit 30361 may apply the spatial merge candidate derivation process, the time merge candidate derivation process, the pairwise merge candidate derivation process, and the zero merge candidate derivation process, which will be described later.
- the merge candidate derivation unit 30361 reads the prediction parameters stored in the prediction parameter memory 307 and sets them as merge candidates according to a predetermined rule.
- the reference picture can be specified, for example, by all or part of adjacent blocks within a predetermined range from the target block (for example, all or a part of blocks in contact with the left A1, right B1, upper right B0, lower left A0, and upper left B2 of the target block, respectively. ) Are the prediction parameters.
- Each merge candidate is called A1, B1, B0, A0, B2.
- A1, B1, B0, A0, and B2 are motion information derived from the block including the following coordinates, respectively.
- the positions of A1, B1, B0, A0, and B2 are shown in the arrangement of merge candidates in the target picture in FIG.
- the merge candidate derivation unit 30361 predicts the lower right CBR of the target block or the prediction parameter of block C in the reference image including the center coordinates, as shown in the collage picture in FIG. It is read from the parameter memory 307 and used as a merge candidate Col, and is stored in the merge candidate list mergeCandList [].
- the motion vector of block C is added to the prediction vector candidates. ..
- the choices of the prediction vector are increased and the coding efficiency is improved.
- the merge candidate derivation unit 30361 may derive the C position (xColCtr, yColCtr) and the CBR position (xColCBr, yColCBr) by the following equations.
- xColCtr xCb + (cbWidth >> 1)
- yColCtr yCb + (cbHeight >> 1)
- xColCBr xCb + cbWidth
- yColCBr yCb + cbHeight
- the pairwise candidate derivation unit derives the pairwise candidate avgK from the average of the two merge candidates (p0Cand, p1Cand) stored in the mergeCandList and stores it in the mergeCandList [].
- the merge candidate derivation unit 30361 derives zero merge candidates Z0, ..., ZM in which refIdxLX is 0 ... M and both the X component and Y component of mvLX are 0, and stores them in the merge candidate list.
- mergeCandList [] The order of storage in mergeCandList [] is, for example, spatial merge candidate (A1, B1, B0, A0, B2), time merge candidate Col, pairwise candidate avgK, and zero merge candidate ZK. Reference blocks that are not available (blocks are intra-predicted, etc.) are not stored in the merge candidate list.
- merge candidate selection unit 30362 selects the merge candidate N indicated by merge_idx from the merge candidates included in the merge candidate list by the following formula.
- N mergeCandList [merge_idx]
- N is a label indicating a merge candidate, and takes A1, B1, B0, A0, B2, Col, avgK, ZK, and the like.
- the motion information of the merge candidate indicated by the label N is indicated by predFlagLXN and refIdxLXN.
- the merge candidate selection unit 30362 stores the inter-prediction parameter of the selected merge candidate in the prediction parameter memory 307 and outputs it to the inter-prediction image generation unit 309.
- the DMVR unit 30375 corrects the mvLX of the target CU derived by the merge prediction unit 30374 by using the reference image. Specifically, when the prediction parameter derived by the merge prediction unit 30374 is bi-prediction, the motion vector is corrected by using the prediction image derived from the motion vector corresponding to the two reference pictures. The modified mvLX is supplied to the inter-prediction image generation unit 309.
- RefPicIsScaled [0] [refIdxL0] described above is 0 and RefPicIsScaled is one of a plurality of conditions for setting dmvrFlag to 1. [1] The value of [refIdxL1] is included to be 0. When the value of dmvrFlag is set to 1, DMVR processing by DMVR unit 30375 is executed.
- one of the multiple conditions for setting dmvrFlag to 1 is that ciip_flag is 0, that is, IntraInter synthesis processing is not applied.
- the flag dmvrFlag that specifies whether to perform DMVR processing, whether or not the coefficient information of the weight prediction of the L0 prediction of the luminance, which will be described later, exists as one of the plurality of conditions for setting the dmvrFlag to 1. It is included that the value of luma_weight_l0_flag [i], which is a flag indicating, is 0, and the value of luma_weight_l1_flag [i], which is a flag indicating whether or not the coefficient information of the weight prediction of the L1 prediction of luminance exists, is 0. .. When the value of dmvrFlag is set to 1, DMVR processing by DMVR unit 30375 is executed.
- luma_weight_l0_flag [i] is 0 and the value of luma_weight_l1_flag [i] is 0 as one of the multiple conditions for setting dmvrFlag to 1.
- whether or not chroma_weight_l0_flag [i] which is a flag indicating whether or not the coefficient information of the weight prediction of the L0 prediction of the color difference, which will be described later, exists is 0, and the coefficient information of the weight prediction of the L1 prediction of the color difference exists. It may be included that the value of chroma_weight_l1_flag [i], which is a flag indicating the above, is 0.
- DMVR processing by DMVR unit 30375 is executed.
- cbProfFlagLX is a flag that specifies whether or not to perform Prediction refinement (PROF) of affine prediction.
- FIG. 10 shows a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the AMVP prediction parameter derivation unit 3032 according to the present embodiment.
- the AMVP prediction parameter derivation unit 3032 includes a vector candidate derivation unit 3033 and a vector candidate selection unit 3034.
- the vector candidate derivation unit 3033 derives the prediction vector candidate from the motion vector of the decoded adjacent block stored in the prediction parameter memory 307 based on refIdxLX, and stores it in the prediction vector candidate list mvpListLX [].
- the vector candidate selection unit 3034 selects the motion vector mvpListLX [mvp_LX_idx] indicated by mvp_LX_idx from the prediction vector candidates of mvpListLX [] as mvpLX.
- the vector candidate selection unit 3034 outputs the selected mvpLX to the MV addition unit 3038.
- the MV addition unit 3038 calculates mvLX by adding the mvpLX input from the AMVP prediction parameter derivation unit 3032 and the decoded mvdLX.
- the addition unit 3038 outputs the calculated mvLX to the inter-prediction image generation unit 309 and the prediction parameter memory 307.
- Merge predictions are further categorized as follows.
- AMVP Subblock prediction
- AMVP (translation) -MVD affine prediction MVD affine prediction is further categorized as follows.
- MVD affine prediction refers to affine prediction used by decoding the difference vector.
- the availability FlagSbCol of the collated sub-block COL of the target sub-block is determined, and if it is available, the prediction parameters are derived. At least, availableFlagSbCol is set to 0 when the above SliceTemporalMvpEnabledFlag is 0.
- MMVD prediction (Merge with Motion Vector Difference) may be classified into merge prediction or AMVP prediction.
- the loop filter 305 is a filter provided in the coding loop, which removes block distortion and ringing distortion to improve image quality.
- the loop filter 305 applies a filter such as a deblocking filter, a sample adaptive offset (SAO), and an adaptive loop filter (ALF) to the decoded image of the CU generated by the addition unit 312.
- a filter such as a deblocking filter, a sample adaptive offset (SAO), and an adaptive loop filter (ALF) to the decoded image of the CU generated by the addition unit 312.
- the reference picture memory 306 stores the decoded image of the CU at a predetermined position for each target picture and the target CU.
- the prediction parameter memory 307 stores the prediction parameters at a predetermined position for each CTU or CU. Specifically, the prediction parameter memory 307 stores the parameters decoded by the parameter decoding unit 302, the parameters derived by the prediction parameter derivation unit 320, and the like.
- the parameters derived by the prediction parameter derivation unit 320 are input to the prediction image generation unit 308. Further, the prediction image generation unit 308 reads the reference picture from the reference picture memory 306. The prediction image generation unit 308 generates a prediction image of a block or a subblock by using a parameter and a reference picture (reference picture block) in the prediction mode indicated by predMode.
- the reference picture block is a set of pixels on the reference picture (usually called a block because it is rectangular), and is an area to be referred to for generating a predicted image.
- Inter-prediction image generation unit 309 When the predMode indicates the inter-prediction mode, the inter-prediction image generation unit 309 generates a block or sub-block prediction image by inter-prediction using the inter-prediction parameter and the reference picture input from the inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303.
- FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the inter-prediction image generation unit 309 included in the prediction image generation unit 308 according to the present embodiment.
- the inter-prediction image generation unit 309 includes a motion compensation unit (prediction image generation device) 3091 and a composition unit 3095.
- the synthesis unit 3095 includes an IntraInter synthesis unit 30951, a GPM synthesis unit 30952, a BDOF unit 30954, and a weight prediction unit 3094.
- the motion compensation unit 3091 interpolated image generation unit 3091 interpolates by reading the reference block from the reference picture memory 306 based on the inter-prediction parameters (predFlagLX, refIdxLX, mvLX) input from the inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303. Generate an image (motion compensation image).
- the reference block is a block at a position shifted by mvLX from the position of the target block on the reference picture RefPicLX specified by refIdxLX.
- mvLX is not integer precision
- an interpolated image is generated by applying a filter called a motion compensation filter for generating pixels at decimal positions.
- the motion compensation unit 3091 first derives the integer position (xInt, yInt) and phase (xFrac, yFrac) corresponding to the coordinates (x, y) in the prediction block by the following equations.
- the motion compensation unit 3091 derives a temporary image temp [] [] by performing horizontal interpolation processing on the reference picture refImg using an interpolation filter.
- shift1 is the normalization parameter that adjusts the range of values
- offset1 1 ⁇ (shift1-1).
- temp [x] [y] ( ⁇ mcFilter [xFrac] [k] * refImg [xInt + k-NTAP / 2 + 1] [yInt] + offset1) >> shift1
- the motion compensation unit 3091 derives the interpolated image Pred [] [] by vertically interpolating the temporary image temp [] [].
- shift2 is the normalization parameter that adjusts the range of values
- offset2 1 ⁇ (shift2-1).
- Pred [x] [y] ( ⁇ mcFilter [yFrac] [k] * temp [x] [y + k-NTAP / 2 + 1] + offset2) >> shift2
- Pred [] [] is derived for each L0 list and L1 list (interpolated images PredL0 [] [] and PredL1 [] []), and PredL0 [] [] and PredL1 [].
- ] [] Generates an interpolated image Pred [] [].
- the motion compensation unit 3091 includes the horizontal scaling ratio RefPicScale [i] [j] [0] of the reference picture derived by the scale parameter derivation unit 30378, and the vertical scaling ratio RefPicScale [i] of the reference picture. It has a function to scale the interpolated image according to [j] [1].
- the synthesis unit 3095 includes an IntraInter synthesis unit 30951, a GPM synthesis unit 30952, a weight prediction unit 3094, and a BDOF unit 30954.
- Interpolation filter processing executed by the prediction image generation unit 308 when the above-mentioned resampling is applied and the size of the reference picture changes in a single sequence will be described. Note that this process may be executed by, for example, the motion compensation unit 3091.
- the prediction image generation unit 308 switches a plurality of filter coefficients when the value of RefPicIsScaled [i] [j] input from the inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303 indicates that the reference picture is scaled. , Interpolation filter processing is executed.
- the IntraInter compositing unit 30951 generates a predicted image by the weighted sum of the inter predicted image and the intra predicted image.
- the pixel value predSamplesComb [x] [y] of the predicted image is derived as follows if the flag ciip_flag indicating whether to apply the IntraInter compositing process is 1.
- predSamplesComb [x] [y] (w * predSamplesIntra [x] [y] + (4-w) * predSamplesInter [x] [y] + 2) >> 2
- predSamplesIntra [x] [y] is an intra prediction image and is limited to planar prediction.
- predSamplesInter [x] [y] is a reconstructed inter-prediction image.
- the weight w is derived as follows.
- w is set to 3.
- w is set to 1 if both the bottom block to the left of the target coded block and the rightmost block to the top are not intra.
- w is set to 2.
- the GPM synthesizer 30952 generates a prediction image using the above-mentioned GPM prediction.
- the BDOF unit 30954 generates a prediction image by referring to the two prediction images (the first prediction image and the second prediction image) and the gradient correction term in the bi-prediction mode.
- the weight prediction unit 3094 generates block prediction images pbSamples from the interpolated image predSamplesLX.
- variable weightedPredFlag which indicates whether or not to perform weight prediction processing, is derived as follows. If slice_type is equal to P, weightedPredFlag is set equal to pps_weighted_pred_flag as defined in PPS. Otherwise, if slice_type is equal to B, weightedPredFlag is set equal to pps_weighted_bipred_flag && (! DmvrFlag) defined in PPS.
- the predicted image pbSamples is derived as follows as normal predicted image processing.
- predSamplesLX (LX is L0 or L1) is adjusted to the number of pixel bits bitDepth.
- PredLX is an interpolated image of L0 or L1 prediction.
- prediction list usage flags predFlagL0 and predFlagL1
- weight prediction is not used, the following formula is processed by averaging predSamplesL0 and predSamplesL1 to match the number of pixel bits.
- pbSamples [x] [y] Clip3 (0, (1 ⁇ bitDepth) -1, (predSamplesL0 [x] [y] + predSamplesL1 [x] [y] + offset2) >> shift2)
- shift2 15-bitDepth
- offset2 1 ⁇ (shift2-1).
- the predicted image pbSamples is derived as follows as the weight prediction process.
- variable shift1 is set equal to Max (2, 14-bit Depth).
- the variables log2Wd, o0, o1, w0, and w1 are derived as follows.
- BCW (Bi-prediction with CU-level Weights) prediction is a prediction method that can switch a predetermined weighting factor at the CU level.
- the sps_bcw_enabled_flag indicating whether to use this prediction at the SPS level is TURE
- the variable weightedPredFlag is 0
- the reference pictures indicated by the two reference picture indexes refIdxL0 and refIdxL1 have no weight prediction coefficient
- the coded block size is When it is less than a certain value, the bcw_idx of the CU level syntax is explicitly notified, and the value is assigned to the variable bcwIdx. If bcw_idx does not exist, 0 is assigned to the variable bcwIdx.
- the pixel value of the predicted image is derived as follows.
- pbSamples [x] [y] Clip3 (0, (1 ⁇ bitDepth)-1, (PredSamplesL0 [x] [y] + predSamplesL1 [x] [y] + offset2) >> shift2) Otherwise (if bcwIdx is not equal to 0), the following applies:
- variable w1 is set equal to bcwWLut [bcwIdx].
- bcwWLut [k] ⁇ 4, 5, 3, 10, -2 ⁇ .
- variable w0 is set to (8-w1). Further, the pixel value of the predicted image is derived as follows.
- pbSamples [x] [y] Clip3 (0, (1 ⁇ bitDepth) -1, (W0 * predSamplesL0 [x] [y] + w1 * predSamplesL1 [x] [y] + offset3) >> (shift2 + 3))
- the inter-prediction parameter decoding unit 303 decodes bcw_idx and sends it to BCW unit 30955.
- the inter-prediction parameter decoding unit 303 decodes the merge index merge_idx, and the merge candidate derivation unit 30361 derives the bcwIdx of each merge candidate.
- the merge candidate derivation unit 30361 uses the weight coefficient of the adjacent block used for deriving the merge candidate as the weight coefficient of the merge candidate used for the target block. That is, in the merge mode, the weighting coefficient used in the past is inherited as the weighting coefficient of the target block.
- the intra prediction image generation unit 310 performs the intra prediction using the intra prediction parameters input from the intra prediction parameter derivation unit 304 and the reference pixels read from the reference picture memory 306.
- the inverse quantization / inverse conversion unit 311 inversely quantizes the quantization conversion coefficient input from the parameter decoding unit 302 to obtain the conversion coefficient.
- the addition unit 312 adds the prediction image of the block input from the prediction image generation unit 308 and the prediction error input from the inverse quantization / inverse conversion unit 311 for each pixel to generate a decoded image of the block.
- the addition unit 312 stores the decoded image of the block in the reference picture memory 306, and outputs the decoded image to the loop filter 305.
- the inverse quantization / inverse conversion unit 311 inversely quantizes the quantization conversion coefficient input from the parameter decoding unit 302 to obtain the conversion coefficient.
- the addition unit 312 adds the prediction image of the block input from the prediction image generation unit 308 and the prediction error input from the inverse quantization / inverse conversion unit 311 for each pixel to generate a decoded image of the block.
- the addition unit 312 stores the decoded image of the block in the reference picture memory 306, and outputs the decoded image to the loop filter 305.
- FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the moving image coding device 11 according to the present embodiment.
- the moving image coding device 11 includes a prediction image generation unit 101, a subtraction unit 102, a conversion / quantization unit 103, an inverse quantization / inverse conversion unit 105, an addition unit 106, a loop filter 107, and a prediction parameter memory (prediction parameter storage unit).
- Frame memory 108, reference picture memory (reference image storage unit, frame memory) 109, coding parameter determination unit 110, parameter coding unit 111, prediction parameter derivation unit 120, and entropy coding unit 104. ..
- the predicted image generation unit 101 generates a predicted image for each CU.
- the prediction image generation unit 101 includes the inter-prediction image generation unit 309 and the intra-prediction image generation unit 310 already described, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the subtraction unit 102 subtracts the pixel value of the predicted image of the block input from the prediction image generation unit 101 from the pixel value of the image T to generate a prediction error.
- the subtraction unit 102 outputs the prediction error to the conversion / quantization unit 103.
- the conversion / quantization unit 103 calculates the conversion coefficient by frequency conversion for the prediction error input from the subtraction unit 102, and derives the quantization conversion coefficient by quantization.
- the conversion / quantization unit 103 outputs the quantization conversion coefficient to the parameter coding unit 111 and the inverse quantization / inverse conversion unit 105.
- the inverse quantization / inverse transformation unit 105 is the same as the inverse quantization / inverse transformation unit 311 (FIG. 6) in the moving image decoding device 31, and the description thereof will be omitted.
- the calculated prediction error is output to the addition unit 106.
- the parameter coding unit 111 includes a header coding unit 1110, a CT information coding unit 1111, and a CU coding unit 1112 (prediction mode coding unit).
- the CU coding unit 1112 further includes a TU coding unit 1114. The outline operation of each module will be described below.
- the header coding unit 1110 performs the coding process of parameters such as header information, division information, prediction information, and quantization conversion coefficient.
- the CT information coding unit 1111 encodes QT, MT (BT, TT) division information, etc.
- the CU coding unit 1112 encodes CU information, prediction information, division information, etc.
- the TU coding unit 1114 encodes the QP update information and the quantization prediction error when the TU contains a prediction error.
- CT information coding unit 1111 and CU coding unit 1112 have inter-prediction parameters (predMode, merge_flag, merge_idx, inter_pred_idc, refIdxLX, mvp_LX_idx, mvdLX), intra-prediction parameters (intra_luma_mpm_flag, intra_luma_mpm_idx, intra_luma_mpm_idx, intra_luma) Etc. are supplied to the parameter coding unit 111.
- inter-prediction parameters predMode, merge_flag, merge_idx, inter_pred_idc, refIdxLX, mvp_LX_idx, mvdLX
- intra-prediction parameters intra_luma_mpm_flag, intra_luma_mpm_idx, intra_luma_mpm_idx, intra_luma
- the quantization conversion coefficient and coding parameters are input to the entropy coding unit 104 from the parameter coding unit 111.
- the entropy coding unit 104 entropy-codes these to generate a coded stream Te and outputs it.
- the prediction parameter derivation unit 120 is a means including an inter-prediction parameter coding unit 112 and an intra-prediction parameter coding unit 113, and derives an intra-prediction parameter and an intra-prediction parameter from the parameters input from the coding parameter determination unit 110. ..
- the derived intra-prediction parameter and intra-prediction parameter are output to the parameter coding unit 111.
- the inter-prediction parameter coding unit 112 includes a parameter coding control unit 1121 and an inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303.
- the inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303 has the same configuration as the moving image decoding device.
- the parameter coding control unit 1121 includes a merge index derivation unit 11211 and a vector candidate index derivation unit 11212.
- the merge index derivation unit 11211 derives merge candidates and outputs them to the inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303.
- the vector candidate index derivation unit 11212 derives the prediction vector candidate and the like, and outputs them to the inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303 and the parameter coding unit 111.
- the intra prediction parameter coding unit 113 includes a parameter coding control unit 1131 and an intra prediction parameter derivation unit 304.
- the intra prediction parameter derivation unit 304 has the same configuration as the moving image decoding device.
- the parameter coding control unit 1131 derives IntraPredModeY and IntraPredModeC. In addition, refer to mpmCandList [] to determine intra_luma_mpm_flag. These prediction parameters are output to the intra prediction parameter derivation unit 304 and the parameter coding unit 111.
- the inputs to the inter-prediction parameter derivation unit 303 and the intra-prediction parameter derivation unit 304 are the coding parameter determination unit 110 and the prediction parameter memory 108, and are output to the parameter coding unit 111.
- the addition unit 106 generates a decoded image by adding the pixel value of the prediction block input from the prediction image generation unit 101 and the prediction error input from the inverse quantization / inverse conversion unit 105 for each pixel.
- the addition unit 106 stores the generated decoded image in the reference picture memory 109.
- the loop filter 107 applies a deblocking filter, SAO, and ALF to the decoded image generated by the addition unit 106.
- the loop filter 107 does not necessarily have to include the above three types of filters, and may have, for example, a configuration of only a deblocking filter.
- the prediction parameter memory 108 stores the prediction parameters generated by the coding parameter determination unit 110 at predetermined positions for each target picture and CU.
- the reference picture memory 109 stores the decoded image generated by the loop filter 107 at a predetermined position for each target picture and CU.
- the coding parameter determination unit 110 selects one set from the plurality of sets of coding parameters.
- the coding parameter is the above-mentioned QT, BT or TT division information, prediction parameter, or a parameter to be coded generated in connection with these.
- the prediction image generation unit 101 generates a prediction image using these coding parameters.
- the coding parameter determination unit 110 calculates the RD cost value indicating the magnitude of the amount of information and the coding error for each of the plurality of sets.
- the RD cost value is, for example, the sum of the code amount and the squared error multiplied by the coefficient ⁇ .
- the code amount is the amount of information of the coded stream Te obtained by entropy-coding the quantization error and the coded parameters.
- the square error is the sum of squares of the prediction error calculated by the subtraction unit 102.
- the coefficient ⁇ is a real number greater than the preset zero.
- the coding parameter determination unit 110 selects the set of coding parameters that minimizes the calculated cost value.
- the coding parameter determination unit 110 outputs the determined coding parameter to the parameter coding unit 111 and the prediction parameter derivation unit 120.
- a part of the moving image coding device 11 and the moving image decoding device 31 in the above-described embodiment for example, the entropy decoding unit 301, the parameter decoding unit 302, the loop filter 305, the prediction image generation unit 308, and the inverse quantization / inverse.
- the coding parameter determination unit 110, the parameter coding unit 111, and the prediction parameter derivation unit 120 may be realized by a computer.
- the program for realizing this control function may be recorded on a computer-readable recording medium, and the program recorded on the recording medium may be read by the computer system and executed.
- the "computer system” referred to here is a computer system built into either the moving image coding device 11 or the moving image decoding device 31, and includes hardware such as an OS and peripheral devices.
- the "computer-readable recording medium” refers to a portable medium such as a flexible disk, a magneto-optical disk, a ROM, or a CD-ROM, or a storage device such as a hard disk built in a computer system.
- a "computer-readable recording medium” is a medium that dynamically holds a program for a short period of time, such as a communication line when a program is transmitted via a network such as the Internet or a communication line such as a telephone line.
- a program may be held for a certain period of time, such as a volatile memory inside a computer system serving as a server or a client.
- the above-mentioned program may be a program for realizing a part of the above-mentioned functions, and may be a program for realizing the above-mentioned functions in combination with a program already recorded in the computer system.
- a part or all of the moving image coding device 11 and the moving image decoding device 31 in the above-described embodiment may be realized as an integrated circuit such as an LSI (Large Scale Integration).
- LSI Large Scale Integration
- Each functional block of the moving image coding device 11 and the moving image decoding device 31 may be individually converted into a processor, or a part or all of them may be integrated into a processor.
- the method of making an integrated circuit is not limited to the LSI, and may be realized by a dedicated circuit or a general-purpose processor. Further, when an integrated circuit technology that replaces an LSI appears due to advances in semiconductor technology, an integrated circuit based on this technology may be used.
- FIG. 15 (a) shows a part of the syntax of the Sequence Paramenter Set (SPS) of Non-Patent Document 1.
- Sps_weighted_pred_flag is a flag that indicates whether or not weight prediction may be applied to P slices that refer to SPS. Equal to 0 for sps_weighted_pred_flag indicates that weight prediction is applied to P slices that reference the SPS. Equal to 0 for sps_weighted_pred_flag indicates that weight prediction is not applied to P slices that reference SPS.
- Sps_weighted_bipred_flag is a flag that indicates whether or not weight prediction may be applied to B slices that refer to SPS. Equal to 0 for sps_weighted_bipred_flag indicates that weight prediction is applied to B slices that reference the SPS. Equal to 0 for sps_weighted_bipred_flag indicates that weight prediction is not applied to B slices that reference SPS.
- Long_term_ref_pics_flag is a flag that indicates whether or not the picture will be used for a long period of time.
- Inter_layer_ref_pics_present_flag is a flag that indicates whether inter-layer prediction is used.
- Sps_idr_rpl_present_flag is a slice header of IDR picture (Instantaneous Decoding Refresh picture) and is a flag indicating whether or not to define a reference picture list.
- FIG. 15 (b) shows a part of the syntax of Picture Parameter Set (PPS) in Non-Patent Document 1.
- Num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] +1 indicates the value of the variable NumRefIdxActive [0] of the P or B slice when i is 0 and num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is 0.
- i 1
- num_ref_idx_active_override_flag 0
- the value of num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] must be within the range of 0 or more and 14 or less.
- Pps_weighted_pred_flag is a flag that indicates whether or not weight prediction is applied to P slices that refer to PPS. Equal to 0 for pps_weighted_pred_flag indicates that weight prediction is not applied to P slices that reference PPS. A pps_weighted_pred_flag equal to 1 indicates that weight prediction is applied to P slices that reference PPS. When sps_weighted_pred_flag is equal to 0, the weight predictor 3094 sets the value of pps_weighted_pred_flag to 0. If pps_weighted_pred_flag does not exist, set the value to 0.
- Pps_weighted_bipred_flag is a flag that indicates whether or not weight prediction is applied to the B slice that refers to PPS.
- a pps_weighted_bipred_flag 0 indicates that weight prediction is not applied to B slices that reference PPS.
- a pps_weighted_bipred_flag 1 indicates that weight prediction is applied to B slices that reference PPS.
- the weight predictor 3094 sets the value of pps_weighted_bipred_flag to 0. If pps_weighted_bipred_flag does not exist, set the value to 0.
- Rpl_info_in_ph_flag is a flag that indicates whether or not the reference picture list information exists in the picture header.
- a rpl_info_in_ph_flag equal to 1 indicates that the referenced picture list information is present in the picture header. If rpl_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 0, it means that the reference picture list information does not exist in the picture header and the slice header may exist.
- Wp_info_in_ph_flag exists when pps_weighted_pred_flag is equal to 1, pps_weighted_bipred_flag is equal to 1, or rpl_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 1. If wp_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 1, it means that the weight prediction information pred_weight_table exists in the picture header and not in the slice header. A wp_info_in_ph_flag equal to 0 indicates that the weight prediction information pred_weight_table does not exist in the picture header and may exist in the slice header. If wp_info_in_ph_flag does not exist, the value of wp_info_in_ph_flag is assumed to be equal to 0.
- FIG. 16 shows a part of the syntax of the picture header PH of Non-Patent Document 1.
- ph_inter_slice_allowed_flag When ph_inter_slice_allowed_flag is 0, it means that slice_type of all slices of the picture is 2 (I Slice). When ph_inter_slice_allowed_flag is 1, it means that at least one slice_type is 0 (B Slice) or 1 (P Slice) in the slice included in the picture.
- the ph_temporal_mvp_enabled_flag is a flag indicating whether to use the time motion vector prediction for the inter-prediction of the slice associated with PH. If ph_temporal_mvp_enabled_flag is 0, time motion vector prediction cannot be used on the slice associated with PH. If not (if ph_temporal_mvp_enabled_flag is equal to 1), time motion vector prediction can be used on the slice associated with PH. If it does not exist, the value of ph_temporal_mvp_enabled_flag is estimated to be equal to 0.
- ph_temporal_mvp_enabled_flag When the referenced picture in the DPB does not have the same spatial resolution as the current picture, the value of ph_temporal_mvp_enabled_flag will be 0.
- ph_collocated_from_l0_flag 1, it indicates that the reference picture used for time motion vector prediction is specified using the reference picture list 0.
- ph_collocated_from_l0_flag it indicates that the reference picture used for the time motion vector prediction is specified by using the reference picture list 1.
- ph_collocated_ref_idx indicates the index value of the reference picture used for time motion vector prediction.
- ph_collocated_from_l0_flag 1
- ph_collocated_ref_idx refers to reference picture list 0 and the value of ph_collocated_ref_idx must be in the range 0 to num_ref_entries [0] [RplsIdx [0]]-1.
- ph_collocated_from_l0_flag 0
- ph_collocated_ref_idx refers to reference picture list 1
- the value of ph_collocated_ref_idx must be in the range 0 to num_ref_entries [1] [RplsIdx [1]]-1. If it does not exist, the value of ph_collocated_ref_idx is estimated to be equal to 0.
- FIG. 17 shows a part of the syntax of the slice header of Non-Patent Document 1. These syntaxes are decoded, for example, by the parameter decoding unit 302.
- num_ref_idx_active_override_flag When num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is 1, it indicates that the syntax element num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [0] exists in the P and B slices, and the syntax element num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [1] exists in the B slice. If num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is 0, it indicates that the syntax element num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [0] does not exist in the P and B slices. If it does not exist, the value of num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is estimated to be equal to 1.
- Num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] is used to derive the number of reference pictures actually used in the reference picture list i.
- the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] which is the number of reference pictures actually used, is derived by the method shown in FIG. 17 (b).
- the value of num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] must be greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 14. If the slice is a B slice, num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is 1, and num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] does not exist, it is estimated that num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] is equal to 0.
- rpl_info_in_ph_flag is a flag indicating that information about the reference picture list exists in the picture header.
- slice_collocated_from_l0_flag When slice_collocated_from_l0_flag is 1, it indicates that the reference picture used for time motion vector prediction is derived from the reference picture list 0. When slice_collocated_from_l0_flag is 0, it indicates that the reference picture used for the time motion vector prediction is derived from the reference picture list 1. If slice_type is equal to B or P, ph_temporal_mvp_enabled_flag is equal to 1, and slice_collocated_from_l0_flag does not exist, then the following applies: If rpl_info_in_ph_flag is not 1, infer that slice_collocated_from_l0_flag is equal to ph_collocated_from_l0_flag. Otherwise (when rpl_info_in_ph_flag is 0 and slice_type is equal to P), the value of slice_collocated_from_l0_flag is estimated to be equal to 1.
- Slice_collocated_ref_idx indicates an index that specifies the reference picture used for time motion vector prediction. If slice_type is P, slice_type is B, and slice_collocated_from_l0_flag is 1, slice_collocated_ref_idx refers to reference picture list 0, and the value of slice_collocated_ref_idx must be 0 or more and NumRefIdxActive [0] -1 or less.
- slice_collocated_ref_idx refers to reference picture list 1, and the value of slice_collocated_ref_idx must be greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to NumRefIdxActive [1] -1. If slice_collocated_ref_idx does not exist, the following applies: If rpl_info_in_ph_flag is 1, the value of slice_collocated_ref_idx is estimated to be equal to ph_collocated_ref_idx.
- slice_collocated_ref_idx is equal to 0. Also, the reference picture pointed to by slice_collocated_ref_idx must be the same for all slices in the picture.
- pred_weight_table is called.
- FIG. 17 (b) shows a method of deriving the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] of Non-Patent Document 1 by the prediction parameter deriving unit 320.
- num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is equal to 1
- the value of variable NumRefIdxActive [i] and num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] Substitute the value obtained by adding 1 to.
- num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] is the value of the default variable NumRefIdxActive [i] defined in PPS. In the case of I slice or in the case of reference picture list 1 in P slice, 0 is assigned to the variable NumRefIdxActive [i].
- FIG. 18 shows the syntax of the weight prediction information pred_weight_table of Non-Patent Document 1.
- num_l0_weights indicates the number of weights signaled for the entry in the reference picture list 0 when wp_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 1.
- the value of num_l0_weights is in the range of 0 or more and min (15, num_ref_entries [0] [RplsIdx [0]]) or less. If wp_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 1, the variable NumWeightsL0 is set equal to num_l0_weights. Otherwise (wp_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 0), NumWeightsL0 is set to NumRefIdxActive [0].
- num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]] indicates the number of reference pictures in the reference picture list i.
- the variable RplsIdx [i] is an index value indicating a plurality of existing lists of the reference picture list i.
- Num_l1_weights specifies the number of weights signaled for an entry in reference picture list 1 when both pps_weighted_bipred_flag and wp_info_in_ph_flag are equal to 1. It is assumed that the value of num_l1_weights is in the range of 0 or more and min (15, num_ref_entries [1] [RplsIdx [1]]) or less.
- Luma_log2_weight_denom is the base 2 logarithm of the denominator of all luminance weighting factors. The value of luma_log2_weight_denom must be in the range 0-7.
- delta_chroma_log2_weight_denom is the base 2 logarithmic difference of the denominator of all color difference weighting factors. If delta_chroma_log2_weight_denom does not exist, it is estimated to be equal to 0.
- ChromaLog2WeightDenom is derived to be equal to luma_log2_weight_denom + delta_chroma_log2_weight_denom and the value must be in the range 0-7.
- luma_weight_l0_flag [i] When luma_weight_l0_flag [i] is 1, it indicates that the weighting coefficient of the luminance component of L0 prediction exists. When luma_weight_l0_flag [i] is 0, it indicates that the weighting coefficient of the luminance component of the L0 prediction does not exist. If luma_weight_l0_flag [i] does not exist, the weight predictor 3094 estimates that it is equal to 0. When chroma_weight_l0_flag [i] is 1, it indicates that the weighting coefficient of the color difference prediction value of L0 prediction exists. When chroma_weight_l0_flag [i] is 0, it indicates that the weighting coefficient of the color difference prediction value of L0 prediction does not exist. If chroma_weight_l0_flag [i] does not exist, the weight predictor 3094 estimates that it is equal to 0.
- Delta_luma_weight_l0 [i] is the difference in weighting factors applied to the brightness prediction value of L0 prediction using RefPicList [0] [i].
- the variable LumaWeightL0 [i] is derived to be equal to (1 ⁇ luma_log2_weight_denom) + delta_luma_weight_l0 [i]. If luma_weight_l0_flag [i] is equal to 1, the value of delta_luma_weight_l0 [i] must be in the range -128 to 127.
- the weight predictor 3094 estimates that LumaWeightL0 [i] is equal to the power of 2 luma_log2_weight_denom (2 ⁇ luma_log2_weight_denom).
- Luma_offset_l0 [i] is an offset value applied to the predicted brightness of L0 prediction using RefPicList [0] [i].
- the value of luma_offset_l0 [i] must be in the range -128 to 127. If luma_weight_l0_flag [i] is equal to 0, the weight predictor 3094 estimates that luma_offset_l0 [i] is equal to 0.
- Delta_chroma_weight_l0 [i] [j] is the difference in the weighting factor applied to the predicted value of the color difference of the L0 prediction using RefPicList0 [i] where j is 0 for Cb and j is 1 for Cr.
- the variable ChromaWeightL0 [i] [j] is derived to be equal to (1 ⁇ ChromaLog2WeightDenom) + delta_chroma_weight_l0 [i] [j].
- chroma_weight_l0_flag [i] is equal to 1, the value of delta_chroma_weight_l0 [i] [j] must be in the range -128 to 127.
- ChromaWeightL0 [i] [j] is equal to the power of 2 ChromaLog2WeightDenom (2 ⁇ ChromaLog2WeightDenom).
- delta_chroma_offset_l0 [i] [j] is the difference between the offset values applied to the predicted color difference of the L0 prediction using RefPicList0 [i] with 0 j for Cb and 1 j for Cr.
- the variable ChromaOffsetL0 [i] [j] is derived as follows.
- ChromaOffsetL0 [i] [j] Clip3 (-128,127, (128 + delta_chroma_offset_l0 [i] [j]- ((128 * ChromaWeightL0 [i] [j]) >> ChromaLog2WeightDenom)))
- delta_chroma_offset_l0 [i] [j] must be in the range -4 * 128 to 4 * 127. If chroma_weight_l0_flag [i] is equal to 0, the weight predictor 3094 estimates that ChromaOffsetL0 [i] [j] is equal to 0.
- FIG. 19 (a) shows the syntax of ref_pic_lists () that defines the reference picture list of Non-Patent Document 1.
- rpl_sps_flag [i] it indicates that the reference picture list i is derived based on ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx). Where listIdx is equal to i contained directly in ref_pic_lists (). If rpl_sps_flag [i] does not exist, the following applies: If num_ref_pic_lists_in_sps [i] is 0, the value of rpl_sps_flag [i] is estimated to be 0.
- rpl_sps_flag [i] is 1, decrypt rpl_idx [i].
- rpl_idx [i] is used to derive RplsIdx [i] described later, and RplsIdx [i] indicates the index rplsIdx of ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx).
- ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) is used to derive the reference picture i. Where listIdx is equal to i. If it does not exist, the value of rpl_idx [i] is estimated to be equal to 0.
- rpl_idx [i] is in the range of 0 or more and num_ref_pic_lists_in_sps [i] -1 or less. If rpl_sps_flag [i] is 1 and num_ref_pic_lists_in_sps [i] is 1, the value of rpl_idx [i] is estimated to be equal to 0. If rpl_sps_flag [i] is 1 and rpl1_idx_present_flag is 0, we infer that the value of rpl_idx [1] is equal to rpl_idx [0].
- the variable RplsIdx [i] is derived as follows.
- FIG. 19B shows a syntax that defines the reference picture list structure ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) of Non-Patent Document 1.
- Ref_pic_list_struct may exist in SPS, picture header, or slice header. Depending on whether the syntax is in the SPS, in the picture header, or in the slice header, the following applies: If present in the picture or slice header, ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) indicates the reference image list listIdx of the current picture (picture containing the slice). If present in SPS, ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) indicates candidates for the reference picture list listIdx. Then, the current picture can be referred to by the index value from the picture header or the slice header to the list of ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) included in the SPS.
- num_ref_entries [listIdx] [rplsIdx] indicates the number of ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx).
- the value of num_ref_entries [listIdx] [rplsIdx] is 0 or more and MaxDpbSize + 13 or less. MaxDpbSize is the number of decrypted pictures determined by the profile level.
- Ltrp_in_header_flag [listIdx] [rplsIdx] is a flag in ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) that indicates whether or not a reference picture exists for a long period of time.
- Inter_layer_ref_pic_flag [listIdx] [rplsIdx] [i] is a flag indicating whether the i-th of the reference picture list of ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) is inter-layer prediction.
- St_ref_pic_flag [listIdx] [rplsIdx] [i] is a flag indicating whether the i-th of the reference picture list of ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) is a short-term reference picture.
- Abs_delta_poc_st [listIdx] [rplsIdx] [i] is a syntax element for deriving the absolute difference of POC of the short-term reference picture.
- Strp_entry_sign_flag [listIdx] [rplsIdx] [i] is a flag for deriving positive and negative signs.
- Rpls_poc_lsb_lt [listIdx] [rplsIdx] [i] is a syntax element for deriving the POC of the i-th long-term reference picture of the reference picture list of ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx).
- Ilrp_idx [listIdx] [rplsIdx] [i] is a syntax element for deriving the layer information of the reference picture of the i-th hierarchy prediction of the reference picture list of ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx).
- 0 can be specified as the value of num_ref_entries [listIdx] [rplsIdx] of the reference picture list structure ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) as shown in FIG. 19 (b).
- 0 indicates that the number of reference pictures in the reference picture list listIdx of pic_list_struct indicated by rplsIdx is 0.
- num_ref_entries can be specified regardless of slice_type.
- the number of reference pictures existing in the reference picture list is assumed to be at least 1, and if 0 is specified, there is no reference picture. The reference picture becomes indefinite.
- the syntax element to be notified is not num_ref_entries [listIdx] [rplsIdx] but num_ref_entries_minus1 [listIdx] [rplsIdx], and num_ref_entries_minus1 [listIdx] [rplsIdx] is 0 or more.
- the value should be MaxDpbSize + 14 or less. By doing so, it is possible to prevent the reference pictures from becoming indefinite by arbitrarily prohibiting the number of reference pictures of 0.
- Non-Patent Document 1 by explicitly describing num_l0_weights and num_l1_weights as syntax in the pred_weight_table of FIG. 18, the weights of the reference picture list 0 and the reference picture list 1 are weighted. There is a point to describe the number.
- pred_weight_table is called in the picture header, the number of reference pictures in the reference picture list i is already defined in ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx), and this syntax element is redundant.
- pred_weight_table when pred_weight_table is called in the slice header, the number of reference pictures in the reference picture list i is already defined in NumRefIdxActive [i], and this syntax element is redundant. Therefore, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 21 (a), the value of num_ref_entries_minus1 [0] [RplsIdx [0]] + 1 is assigned to the variable NumWeightsL0 before the pred_weight_table is called in the picture header.
- the variable NumWeightsL1 substitutes the value of num_ref_entries_minus1 [1] [RplsIdx [1]] + 1 if pps_weighted_bipred_flag is 1, and 0 otherwise. This is because if pps_weighted_bipred_flag is 0, there is no weight prediction for bidirectional prediction. Also, as shown in Fig. 21 (b), before the pred_weight_table is called in the slice header, the value of the variable NumRefIdxActive [0] is assigned to the variable NumWeightsL0, and the value of the variable NumRefIdxActive [1] is assigned to the variable NumWeightsL1. do.
- the value of the variable NumRefIdxActive [1] at the time of P slice is 0.
- the pred_weight_table is redundant by not explicitly describing num_l0_weights and num_l1_weights as syntax, and setting the variable NumWeightsL0 as the number of weights of the reference picture list 0 and the variable NumWeightsL1 as the reference picture list 1. Gender can be excluded.
- FIG. 23 is an example of another embodiment of this embodiment.
- the variables NumWeightsL0 and NumWeightsL1 are defined in pred_wight_table. If wp_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 1, assign the value of the variable NumWeightsL0 to the value of the variable num_ref_entries [0] [PicRplsIdx [0]], otherwise assign the value of the variable NumRefIdxActive [0].
- wp_info_in_ph_flag is a flag indicating that the weight prediction information exists in the picture header.
- wp_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 1 and pps_weighted_bipred_flag is equal to 1, the value of num_ref_entries [1] [PicRplsIdx [1]] is assigned to the variable NumWeightsL1.
- pps_weighted_bipred_flag is a flag indicating that bidirectional weight prediction is performed. If wp_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 1 and pps_weighted_bipred_flag is 0, 0 is assigned to the variable NumWeightsL1.
- Non-Patent Document 1 Another problem with the method described in Non-Patent Document 1 is that the slice header defines the number of active reference pictures, but the picture header does not.
- the number of active reference pictures can be defined also in the picture header.
- the following syntax is decoded, for example, by the parameter decoding unit 302. Defines the number of active reference pictures if ph_inter_slice_allowed_flag is equal to 1 and rpl_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 1.
- a pH_inter_slice_allowed_flag of 1 indicates that a P or B slice may be present in the picture. If rpl_info_in_ph_flag is equal to 1, it indicates that the referenced picture list information is present in the picture header.
- the ph_num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is a flag indicating whether or not ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [0] and ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [1] exist.
- Ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] is a syntax element used to derive the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] for the reference picture list i, and is a value between 0 and 14.
- Ph_collocated_ref_idx indicates the index of the reference picture used for temporal motion vector prediction.
- ph_collocated_from_l0_flag 1
- ph_collocated_ref_idx refers to the reference picture list 0
- the value of ph_collocated_ref_idx is 0 or more and NumRefIdxActive [0] -1 or less.
- ph_collocated_from_l0_flag is 0, ph_collocated_ref_idx refers to the entry in the reference picture list 1, and the value of ph_collocated_ref_idx is 0 or more and NumRefIdxActive [1] -1 or less. If it does not exist, the value of ph_collocated_ref_idx is estimated to be equal to 0.
- FIG. 24 (b) shows the derivation method of the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] by the prediction parameter derivation unit 320.
- the value of the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] is set to the value of ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] if num_ref_entries_minus1 [i] [RplsIdx [i]] is greater than 0. Substitute the value obtained by adding 1. If not, substitute 1.
- num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is not 1, and if the value of num_ref_entries_minus1 [i] [RplsIdx [i]] is greater than or equal to num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] plus 1, then the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] plus num_ref_minus1 [i] Substitute the value obtained by adding. Otherwise, assign the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] to the value of num_ref_entries_minus1 [i] [RplsIdx [i]] plus one. num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] is the value of the default variable NumRefIdxActive [i] defined in PPS.
- Figure 25 (a) shows the slice header syntax.
- the following syntax is decoded, for example, by the parameter decoding unit 302.
- the slice header defines the number of active reference pictures when rpl_info_in_ph_flag, which indicates that the reference picture list information exists in the picture header, is not 1, and when it is a P slice or a B slice.
- FIG. 25 (b) shows the derivation method of the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] by the prediction parameter derivation unit 320.
- numRefIdxActive [i] is assigned the value of num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] plus 1 if num_ref_entries_minus1 [i] [RplsIdx [i]] is greater than 0, otherwise. If so, substitute 1.
- num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is not 1, then if the value of num_ref_entries_minus1 [i] [RplsIdx [i]] is greater than or equal to num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] plus 1 then the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] plus num_ref_idx_default_us1 If not, substitute the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] with the value obtained by adding 1 to num_ref_entries_minus1 [i] [RplsIdx [i]].
- rpl_info_in_ph_flag is a flag indicating that the reference picture list information exists in the picture header.
- num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] is the value of the default variable NumRefIdxActive [i] defined in PPS.
- pred_weight_table does not explicitly describe num_l0_weights and num_l1_weights as syntax, and refers to the variable NumRefIdxActive [0] as the number of weights in picture list 0 and the variable NumRefIdxActive [1] as the weight in picture list 1. Redundance can be eliminated by setting the number to.
- 0 can be specified as the value of num_ref_entries [listIdx] [rplsIdx] of the reference picture list structure ref_pic_list_struct (listIdx, rplsIdx) as described above.
- the number of reference pictures existing in the reference picture list 0 of the P slice and the reference picture list of the B slice is at least 1 or more. Therefore, when 0 is specified, there is no picture to be referred to, and there is a problem that the reference picture becomes indefinite.
- nal_unit_type which indicates the type of NAL (Network Abstraction Layer) unit
- num_ref_entries which indicates the number of reference pictures in the reference picture list, according to slice_type.
- nal_unit_type is IDR_W_RADL or IDR_N_LP (that is, in the case of IDR picture)
- num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]] must be 0 for both 0 and 1.
- i is the index listIdx indicating the reference picture list.
- the IDR picture nal_unit_type has IDR_W_RADL and IDR_N_LP.
- IDR_W_RADL may have a RADL (Random Access Decodable Leading) picture that is output before the IDR picture, and IDR_N_LP indicates that there is no such possibility.
- the syntax of the picture header shown in FIG. 27 (a) is taken as an example.
- the following syntax is decoded, for example, by the parameter decoding unit 302.
- num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]] must select the reference picture list where i is both 0 and 1 and the value is 0.
- the reference picture list with a value greater than 0 must be selected for num_ref_entries [0] [RplsIdx [0]].
- the reference picture list with a value greater than 0 must be selected for num_ref_entries [1] [RplsIdx [1]].
- variable NumRefIdxActive [i] is derived using the number of active reference pictures.
- ph_num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is a flag indicating whether or not ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [0] and ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [1] exist.
- ph_num_ref_idx_active_override_flag 1
- ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [0] and ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [1] are present, and if ph_num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is 0, then ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [0] and ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [0] are not present. If ph_num_ref_idx_active_override_flag does not exist, the value is estimated to be 0.
- ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] + 1 must be a value less than or equal to num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]].
- FIG. 27 (b) shows the derivation method of the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] by the prediction parameter derivation unit 320.
- the value obtained by adding 1 to the value of ph_num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] is assigned to the variable NumRefIdxActive [i].
- num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is not 1, and if the value of num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]] is greater than or equal to num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] plus 1, then the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] plus num_ref_idx_default_us1 Substitute the value obtained by adding. Otherwise, assign num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]] to the variable NumRefIdxActive [i]. num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] is the value of the default variable NumRefIdxActive [i] defined in PPS.
- Figure 28 (a) shows the slice header syntax.
- the following syntax is decoded, for example, by the parameter decoding unit 302.
- the reference picture list with a value greater than 0 must be selected for num_ref_entries [0] [RplsIdx [0]].
- the reference picture list with a value greater than 0 must be selected for num_ref_entries [1] [RplsIdx [1]].
- the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] is derived using the number of active reference pictures. If slice_type is not I and num_ref_entries [0] [RplsIdx [0]] is greater than 1, or slice_type is B and num_ref_entries [1] [RplsIdx [1]] is greater than 1, num_ref_idx_active_override_flag exists. If num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is 1, then num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [0] and num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [1] exist.
- num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is 0, num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [0] and num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [1] do not exist. If num_ref_idx_active_override_flag does not exist, the value is estimated to be 0.
- Num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] is a syntax element used to derive the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] for the reference picture list i, and is a value between 0 and 14.
- num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] + 1 must be a value less than or equal to num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]].
- slice_type is B
- num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] for i 0 and 1
- slice_type is other than B
- num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]] is greater than 1, the value is explicitly shown. If num_ref_idx_active_minus1 [i] does not exist, the value is estimated to be 0.
- FIG. 28 (b) shows the derivation method of the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] by the prediction parameter derivation unit 320.
- num_ref_idx_active_override_flag is not 1, and if the value of num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]] is greater than or equal to num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] plus 1 then the variable NumRefIdxActive [i] plus num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] Substitute the value. Otherwise, assign num_ref_entries [i] [RplsIdx [i]] to the variable NumRefIdxActive [i].
- rpl_info_in_ph_flag is a flag indicating that the reference picture list information exists in the picture header.
- num_ref_idx_default_active_minus1 [i] is the value of the default variable NumRefIdxActive [i] defined in PPS.
- the moving image coding device 11 and the moving image decoding device 31 described above can be mounted on and used in various devices that transmit, receive, record, and reproduce moving images.
- the moving image may be a natural moving image captured by a camera or the like, or an artificial moving image (including CG and GUI) generated by a computer or the like.
- moving image coding device 11 and moving image decoding device 31 can be used for transmitting and receiving moving images.
- PROD_A in FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of a transmission device PROD_A equipped with a moving image coding device 11.
- the transmitter PROD_A has a coding unit PROD_A1 that obtains coded data by encoding a moving image, and a modulation signal by modulating a carrier with the coded data obtained by the coding unit PROD_A1. It includes a modulation unit PROD_A2 to obtain and a transmission unit PROD_A3 to transmit the modulation signal obtained by the modulation unit PROD_A2.
- the moving image coding device 11 described above is used as the coding unit PROD_A1.
- the transmitter PROD_A has a camera PROD_A4 for capturing a moving image, a recording medium PROD_A5 for recording a moving image, an input terminal PROD_A6 for inputting a moving image from the outside, and a moving image as a source of the moving image to be input to the coding unit PROD_A1.
- An image processing unit A7 for generating or processing an image may be further provided. In the figure, the configuration provided by the transmitter PROD_A is illustrated, but some of them may be omitted.
- the recording medium PROD_A5 may be a recording of an unencoded moving image, or a moving image encoded by a recording coding method different from the transmission coding method. It may be a thing. In the latter case, it is preferable to interpose a decoding unit (not shown) between the recording medium PROD_A5 and the coding unit PROD_A1 to decode the coded data read from the recording medium PROD_A5 according to the coding method for recording.
- PROD_B in FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the receiving device PROD_B equipped with the moving image decoding device 31.
- the receiving device PROD_B is obtained by a receiving unit PROD_B1 that receives a modulated signal, a demodulating unit PROD_B2 that obtains coded data by demodulating the modulated signal received by the receiving unit PROD_B1, and a demodulating unit PROD_B2.
- the moving image decoding device 31 described above is used as the decoding unit PROD_B3.
- the receiving device PROD_B is a display PROD_B4 for displaying the moving image, a recording medium PROD_B5 for recording the moving image, and an output terminal for outputting the moving image to the outside as a supply destination of the moving image output by the decoding unit PROD_B3. It may also have PROD_B6. In the figure, the configuration in which the receiving device PROD_B is provided with all of these is illustrated, but some of them may be omitted.
- the recording medium PROD_B5 may be used for recording an unencoded moving image, or may be encoded by a recording coding method different from the transmission coding method. You may. In the latter case, a coding unit (not shown) that encodes the moving image acquired from the decoding unit PROD_B3 according to the recording coding method may be interposed between the decoding unit PROD_B3 and the recording medium PROD_B5.
- the transmission medium for transmitting the modulated signal may be wireless or wired.
- the transmission mode for transmitting the modulated signal may be broadcasting (here, a transmission mode in which the destination is not specified in advance) or communication (here, transmission in which the destination is specified in advance). Refers to an aspect). That is, the transmission of the modulated signal may be realized by any of wireless broadcasting, wired broadcasting, wireless communication, and wired communication.
- a broadcasting station (broadcasting equipment, etc.) / receiving station (television receiver, etc.) of terrestrial digital broadcasting is an example of a transmitting device PROD_A / receiving device PROD_B that transmits and receives modulated signals by wireless broadcasting.
- a broadcasting station (broadcasting equipment, etc.) / receiving station (television receiver, etc.) of cable television broadcasting is an example of a transmitting device PROD_A / receiving device PROD_B that transmits and receives modulated signals by wired broadcasting.
- servers workstations, etc.
- clients television receivers, personal computers, smartphones, etc.
- VOD Video On Demand
- video sharing services using the Internet are transmitters that send and receive modulated signals via communication.
- PROD_A / receiver PROD_B usually, in LAN, either wireless or wired is used as a transmission medium, and in WAN, wired is used as a transmission medium.
- personal computers include desktop PCs, laptop PCs, and tablet PCs. Smartphones also include multifunctional mobile phone terminals.
- the video sharing service client has a function of decoding the encoded data downloaded from the server and displaying it on the display, as well as a function of encoding the moving image captured by the camera and uploading it to the server. That is, the client of the video sharing service functions as both the transmitting device PROD_A and the receiving device PROD_B.
- moving image coding device 11 and moving image decoding device 31 can be used for recording and reproducing moving images.
- PROD_C in FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of the recording device PROD_C equipped with the above-mentioned moving image coding device 11.
- the recording device PROD_C has a coding unit PROD_C1 that obtains coded data by encoding a moving image and a writing unit PROD_C2 that writes the coded data obtained by the coding unit PROD_C1 to the recording medium PROD_M. And have.
- the moving image coding device 11 described above is used as the coding unit PROD_C1.
- the recording medium PROD_M may be of a type built in the recording device PROD_C, such as (1) HDD (Hard Disk Drive) or SSD (Solid State Drive), or (2) SD memory. It may be of a type that is connected to the recording device PROD_C, such as a card or USB (Universal Serial Bus) flash memory, or (3) DVD (Digital Versatile Disc: registered trademark) or BD (Blu-ray). It may be loaded in a drive device (not shown) built in the recording device PROD_C, such as Disc (registered trademark).
- the recording device PROD_C has a camera PROD_C3 that captures a moving image, an input terminal PROD_C4 for inputting a moving image from the outside, and a reception for receiving the moving image as a source of the moving image to be input to the coding unit PROD_C1.
- the unit PROD_C5 and the image processing unit PROD_C6 for generating or processing an image may be further provided. In the figure, the configuration in which the recording device PROD_C is provided with all of these is illustrated, but some of them may be omitted.
- the receiving unit PROD_C5 may receive an unencoded moving image, or receives coded data encoded by a transmission coding method different from the recording coding method. It may be something to do. In the latter case, it is preferable to interpose a transmission decoding unit (not shown) for decoding the coded data encoded by the transmission coding method between the receiving unit PROD_C5 and the coding unit PROD_C1.
- Examples of such a recording device PROD_C include a DVD recorder, a BD recorder, and an HDD (Hard Disk Drive) recorder (in this case, the input terminal PROD_C4 or the receiving unit PROD_C5 is the main source of moving images). ..
- a camcorder in this case, the camera PROD_C3 is the main source of moving images
- a personal computer in this case, the receiving unit PROD_C5 or the image processing unit C6 is the main source of moving images
- a smartphone is also an example of such a recording device PROD_C.
- FIG. 3PROD_D is a block showing the configuration of the playback device PROD_D equipped with the above-mentioned moving image decoding device 31.
- the playback device PROD_D includes a reading unit PROD_D1 that reads the coded data written in the recording medium PROD_M, and a decoding unit PROD_D2 that obtains a moving image by decoding the coded data read by the reading unit PROD_D1. , Is equipped.
- the moving image decoding device 31 described above is used as the decoding unit PROD_D2.
- the recording medium PROD_M may be of a type built in the playback device PROD_D, such as (1) HDD or SSD, or (2) such as an SD memory card or USB flash memory. It may be of a type connected to the playback device PROD_D, or may be loaded into a drive device (not shown) built in the playback device PROD_D, such as (3) DVD or BD. good.
- the playback device PROD_D has a display PROD_D3 for displaying the moving image, an output terminal PROD_D4 for outputting the moving image to the outside, and a transmitting unit for transmitting the moving image as a supply destination of the moving image output by the decoding unit PROD_D2. It may also have PROD_D5. In the figure, the configuration in which the reproduction device PROD_D is provided with all of these is illustrated, but some of them may be omitted.
- the transmission unit PROD_D5 may transmit an unencoded moving image, or transmits coded data encoded by a transmission coding method different from the recording coding method. It may be something to do. In the latter case, it is preferable to interpose a coding unit (not shown) that encodes the moving image by a coding method for transmission between the decoding unit PROD_D2 and the transmitting unit PROD_D5.
- Examples of such a playback device PROD_D include a DVD player, a BD player, an HDD player, and the like (in this case, the output terminal PROD_D4 to which a television receiver or the like is connected is the main supply destination of moving images). ..
- a television receiver in this case, display PROD_D3 is the main supply destination of moving images
- digital signage also called electronic signage or electronic bulletin board, etc.
- display PROD_D3 or transmitter PROD_D5 is the main supply destination of moving images.
- output terminal PROD_D4 or transmitter PROD_D5 is the main supply destination of moving images
- laptop or tablet PC in this case, display PROD_D3 or transmitter PROD_D5 is video
- An example of such a playback device PROD_D is a smartphone (in this case, the display PROD_D3 or the transmitter PROD_D5 is the main supply destination of the moving image), which is the main supply destination of the image.
- each block of the moving image decoding device 31 and the moving image coding device 11 described above may be realized in hardware by a logic circuit formed on an integrated circuit (IC chip), or may be realized by a CPU (Central Processing). It may be realized by software using Unit).
- IC chip integrated circuit
- CPU Central Processing
- each of the above devices is a CPU that executes instructions of a program that realizes each function, a ROM (Read Only Memory) that stores the above program, a RAM (RandomAccess Memory) that expands the above program, the above program, and various data. It is equipped with a storage device (recording medium) such as a memory for storing the data.
- a storage device such as a memory for storing the data.
- an object of the embodiment of the present invention is a record in which the program code (execution format program, intermediate code program, source program) of the control program of each of the above devices, which is software for realizing the above-mentioned functions, is recorded so as to be readable by a computer. It can also be achieved by supplying the medium to each of the above devices and having the computer (or CPU or MPU) read and execute the program code recorded on the recording medium.
- Examples of the recording medium include tapes such as magnetic tapes and cassette tapes, magnetic disks such as floppy (registered trademark) disks / hard disks, and CD-ROMs (Compact Disc Read-Only Memory) / MO disks (Magneto-Optical discs).
- tapes such as magnetic tapes and cassette tapes
- magnetic disks such as floppy (registered trademark) disks / hard disks
- CD-ROMs Compact Disc Read-Only Memory
- MO disks Magnetic-Optical discs
- each of the above devices may be configured to be connectable to a communication network, and the above program code may be supplied via the communication network.
- This communication network is not particularly limited as long as it can transmit the program code.
- Internet intranet, extranet, LAN (Local Area Network), ISDN (Integrated Services Digital Network), VAN (Value-Added Network), CATV (Community Antenna television / Cable Television) communication network, virtual private network (Virtual Private) Network), telephone line network, mobile communication network, satellite communication network, etc.
- the transmission medium constituting this communication network may be any medium as long as it can transmit the program code, and is not limited to a specific configuration or type.
- the embodiment of the present invention can also be realized in the form of a computer data signal embedded in a carrier wave, in which the program code is embodied by electronic transmission.
- the embodiment of the present invention is suitably applied to a moving image decoding device that decodes encoded data in which image data is encoded, and a moving image coding device that generates encoded data in which image data is encoded. be able to. Further, it can be suitably applied to the data structure of the coded data generated by the moving image coding device and referenced by the moving image decoding device.
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Abstract
Description
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、
(i)1つ以上の参照ピクチャリスト構造と、
(ii)nal_unit_typeがIDRピクチャであるスライスヘッダに第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報が存在するかを示す第1のフラグと、
ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれる、第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報がピクチャヘッダに存在するか否かを示す第2のフラグと、を復号するパラメータ復号部と、
(i)スライスヘッダにおいて、nal_unit_typeもしくは前記第1のフラグと、前記第2のフラグとを用いて、前記第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出する、又は
ピクチャヘッダにおいて、前記第2のフラグを用いて、前記第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出し、
(ii)前記参照ピクチャリスト構造に基づいて、前記参照ピクチャリストを導出する予測パラメータ導出部と、を備え、
前記第1の参照ピクチャリストが導出されない場合、前記参照ピクチャリスト構造のエントリの数は、0と推定されることを特徴とする。
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、
(i)1つ以上の参照ピクチャリスト構造と、
(ii)nal_unit_typeがIDRピクチャであるスライスヘッダに第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報が存在するかを示す第1のフラグと、
ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれる、第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報がピクチャヘッダに存在するか否かを示す第2のフラグと、を符号化するパラメータ符号化部と、
(i)スライスヘッダにおいて、nal_unit_typeもしくは前記第1のフラグと、前記第2のフラグとを用いて、前記第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出する、又は
ピクチャヘッダにおいて、前記第2のフラグを用いて、前記第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出し、
(ii)前記参照ピクチャリスト構造に基づいて、前記参照ピクチャリストを導出する予測パラメータ導出部と、を備え、
前記第1の参照ピクチャリストが導出されない場合、前記参照ピクチャリスト構造のエントリの数は、0と推定されることを特徴とする。
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、
(i)1つ以上の参照ピクチャリスト構造と、
(ii)nal_unit_typeがIDRピクチャであるスライスヘッダに第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報が存在するかを示す第1のフラグと、
ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれる、第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報がピクチャヘッダに存在するか否かを示す第2のフラグと、を復号するステップと、
(i)スライスヘッダにおいて、nal_unit_typeもしくは前記第1のフラグと、前記第2のフラグとを用いて、前記第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出する、又は
ピクチャヘッダにおいて、前記第2のフラグを用いて、前記第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出し、
(ii)前記参照ピクチャリスト構造に基づいて、前記参照ピクチャリストを導出するステップと、を少なくとも含み、
前記第1の参照ピクチャリストが導出されない場合、前記参照ピクチャリスト構造のエントリの数は、0と推定されることを特徴とする。
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、
(i)1つ以上の参照ピクチャリスト構造と、
(ii)nal_unit_typeがIDRピクチャであるスライスヘッダに第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報が存在するかを示す第1のフラグと、
ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれる、第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報がピクチャヘッダに存在するか否かを示す第2のフラグと、を符号化するステップと、
(i)スライスヘッダにおいて、nal_unit_typeもしくは前記第1のフラグと、前記第2のフラグとを用いて、前記第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出する、又は
ピクチャヘッダにおいて、前記第2のフラグを用いて、前記第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出し、
(ii)前記参照ピクチャリスト構造に基づいて、前記参照ピクチャリストを導出するステップと、を少なくとも含み、
前記第1の参照ピクチャリストが導出されない場合、前記参照ピクチャリスト構造のエントリの数は、0と推定されることを特徴とする。
以下、図面を参照しながら本発明の実施形態について説明する。
本明細書で用いる演算子を以下に記載する。
本実施形態に係る動画像符号化装置11および動画像復号装置31の詳細な説明に先立って、動画像符号化装置11によって生成され、動画像復号装置31によって復号される符号化ストリームTeのデータ構造について説明する。
符号化ビデオシーケンスでは、処理対象のシーケンスSEQを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。シーケンスSEQは、図4に示すように、ビデオパラメータセットVPS(Video Parameter Set)、シーケンスパラメータセットSPS(Sequence Parameter Set)、ピクチャパラメータセットPPS(Picture Parameter Set)、Adaptation Parameter Set(APS)、ピクチャPICT、及び、付加拡張情報SEI(Supplemental Enhancement Information)を含んでいる。
・ref_pic_resampling_enabled_flag:対象SPSを参照する単一のシーケンスに含まれる各画像を復号する場合に、解像度を可変とする機能(リサンプリング:resampling)を用いるか否かを規定するフラグである。別の側面から言えば、当該フラグは、予測画像の生成において参照される参照ピクチャのサイズが、単一のシーケンスが示す各画像間において変化することを示すフラグである。当該フラグの値が1である場合、上記リサンプリングが適用され、0である場合、適用されない。
・pic_width_max_in_luma_samples:単一のシーケンスにおける画像のうち、最大の幅を有する画像の幅を、輝度ブロック単位で指定するシンタックスである。また、当該シンタックスの値は、0ではなく、且つMax(8, MinCbSizeY)の整数倍であることが要求される。
ここで、MinCbSizeYは、輝度ブロックの最小サイズによって定まる値である。
・pic_height_max_in_luma_samples:単一のシーケンスにおける画像のうち、最大の高さを有する画像の高さを、輝度ブロック単位で指定するシンタックスである。また、当該シンタックスの値は、0ではなく、且つMax(8, MinCbSizeY)の整数倍であることが要求される。
・sps_temporal_mvp_enabled_flag:対象シーケンスを復号する場合において、時間動きベクトル予測を用いるか否かを規定するフラグである。当該フラグの値が1であれば時間動きベクトル予測が用いられ、値が0であれば時間動きベクトル予測は用いられない。また、当該フラグを規定することにより、異なる解像度の参照ピクチャを参照する場合等に、参照する座標位置がずれてしまうことを防ぐことができる。
符号化スライスでは、処理対象のスライスSを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。スライスは、図4に示すように、スライスヘッダ、および、スライスデータを含んでいる。
符号化スライスデータでは、処理対象のスライスデータを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。スライスデータは、図4の符号化スライスヘッダに示すように、CTUを含んでいる。CTUは、スライスを構成する固定サイズ(例えば64x64)のブロックであり、最大符号化単位(LCU:Largest Coding Unit)と呼ぶこともある。
図4には、処理対象のCTUを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。CTUは、再帰的な4分木分割(QT(Quad Tree)分割)、2分木分割(BT(Binary Tree)分割)あるいは3分木分割(TT(Ternary Tree)分割)により、符号化処理の基本的な単位である符号化ユニットCUに分割される。BT分割とTT分割を合わせてマルチツリー分割(MT(Multi Tree)分割)と呼ぶ。再帰的な4分木分割により得られる木構造のノードのことを符号化ノード(Coding Node)と称する。4分木、2分木、及び3分木の中間ノードは、符号化ノードであり、CTU自身も最上位の符号化ノードとして規定される。
図4は、処理対象の符号化ユニットを復号するために動画像復号装置31が参照するデータの集合が規定されている。具体的には、CUは、CUヘッダCUH、予測パラメータ、変換パラメータ、量子化変換係数等から構成される。CUヘッダでは予測モード等が規定される。
予測画像は、ブロックに付随する予測パラメータによって導出される。予測パラメータには、イントラ予測とインター予測の予測パラメータがある。
参照ピクチャリストは、参照ピクチャメモリ306に記憶された参照ピクチャからなるリストである。図5は、参照ピクチャおよび参照ピクチャリストの一例を示す概念図である。図5の参照ピクチャの一例を示す概念図において、矩形はピクチャ、矢印はピクチャの参照関係、横軸は時間、矩形中のI、P、Bは各々イントラピクチャ、単予測ピクチャ、双予測ピクチャ、矩形中の数字は復号順を示す。図に示すように、ピクチャの復号順は、I0、P1、B2、B3、B4であり、表示順は、I0、B3、B2、B4、P1である。図5には、ピクチャB3(対象ピクチャ)の参照ピクチャリストの例を示されている。参照ピクチャリストは、参照ピクチャの候補を表すリストであり、1つのピクチャ(スライス)が1つ以上の参照ピクチャリストを有してもよい。図の例では、対象ピクチャB3は、L0リストRefPicList0およびL1リストRefPicList1の参照ピクチャリストを持つ。個々のCUでは、参照ピクチャリストRefPicListX(X=0または1)中のどのピクチャを実際に参照するかをrefIdxLXで指定する。図は、refIdxL0=2、refIdxL1=0の例である。なお、LXは、L0予測とL1予測を区別しない場合に用いられる記述方法であり、以降では、LXをL0、L1に置き換えることでL0リストに対するパラメータとL1リストに対するパラメータを区別する。
予測パラメータの復号(符号化)方法には、マージ予測(merge)モードとAMVP(Advanced Motion Vector Prediction、適応動きベクトル予測)モードがあり、merge_flagは、これらを識別するためのフラグである。マージ予測モードは、予測リスト利用フラグpredFlagLX、参照ピクチャインデックスrefIdxLX、動きベクトルmvLXを符号化データに含めずに、既に処理した近傍ブロックの予測パラメータ等から導出するモードである。AMVPモードは、inter_pred_idc、refIdxLX、mvLXを符号化データに含めるモードである。なお、mvLXは、予測ベクトルmvpLXを識別するmvp_LX_idxと差分ベクトルmvdLXとして符号化される。また、マージ予測モードの他に、アフィン予測モード、MMVD予測モードがあってもよい。
mvLXは、異なる2つのピクチャ上のブロック間のシフト量を示す。mvLXに関する予測ベクトル、差分ベクトルを、それぞれmvpLX、mvdLXと呼ぶ。
inter_pred_idcと、predFlagL0、predFlagL1の関係は以下のとおりであり、相互に変換可能である。
predFlagL0 = inter_pred_idc & 1
predFlagL1 = inter_pred_idc >> 1
なお、インター予測パラメータは、予測リスト利用フラグを用いても良いし、インター予測識別子を用いてもよい。また、予測リスト利用フラグを用いた判定は、インター予測識別子を用いた判定に置き替えてもよい。逆に、インター予測識別子を用いた判定は、予測リスト利用フラグを用いた判定に置き替えてもよい。
双予測であるかのフラグbiPredは、2つの予測リスト利用フラグがともに1であるかによって導出できる。例えば以下の式で導出できる。
あるいは、biPredは、インター予測識別子が2つの予測リスト(参照ピクチャ)を使うことを示す値であるか否かによっても導出できる。例えば以下の式で導出できる。
(動画像復号装置の構成)
本実施形態に係る動画像復号装置31(図6)の構成について説明する。
コンテキストを用いないビットは、等確率(EP, bypass)で復号され、ctxInc導出やCABAC状態は省略される。復号されたシンタックス要素には、予測画像を生成するための予測情報および、差分画像を生成するための予測誤差などがある。
図7は、動画像復号装置31の概略的動作を説明するフローチャートである。
図9には、本実施形態に係るインター予測パラメータ導出部303の構成を示す概略図が示されている。インター予測パラメータ導出部303は、パラメータ復号部302から入力されたシンタックス要素に基づいて、予測パラメータメモリ307に記憶された予測パラメータを参照してインター予測パラメータを導出する。また、インター予測パラメータをインター予測画像生成部309、予測パラメータメモリ307に出力する。インター予測パラメータ導出部303及びその内部の要素であるAMVP予測パラメータ導出部3032、マージ予測パラメータ導出部3036、アフィン予測部30372、MMVD予測部30373、GPM予測部30377、DMVR部30537、MV加算部3038は、動画像符号化装置、動画像復号装置で共通する手段であるので、これらを総称して動きベクトル導出部(動きベクトル導出装置)と称してもよい。
((fRefWidth << 14)+(PicOutputWidthL >> 1)) / PicOutputWidthL
RefPicScale[i][j][1] =
((fRefHeight << 14)+(PicOutputHeightL >> 1)) / PicOutputHeightL
RefPicIsScaled[i][j] =
(RefPicScale[i][j][0] != (1<<14)) || (RefPicScale[i][j][1] != (1<<14))
ここで、変数PicOutputWidthLは、符号化ピクチャが参照される時に水平方向のスケーリング比を計算する時の値であり、符号化ピクチャの輝度の水平方向の画素数から左右のオフセット値を引いたものが用いられる。変数PicOutputHeightLは、符号化ピクチャが参照される時に垂直方向のスケーリング比を計算する時の値であり、符号化ピクチャの輝度の垂直方向の画素数から上下のオフセット値を引いたものが用いられる。変数fRefWidthは、リストiの参照ピクチャリスト値jの参照ピクチャのPicOutputWidthLの値とし、変数fRefHightは、リストiの参照ピクチャリスト値jの参照ピクチャのPicOutputHeightLの値とする。
MV加算部3038では導出されたmvpLXとmvdLXを加算し、mvLXを導出する。
アフィン予測部30372は、1)対象ブロックの2つの制御点CP0、CP1、もしくは3つの制御点CP0, CP1, CP2の動きベクトルを導出し、2)対象ブロックのアフィン予測パラメータを導出し、3)アフィン予測パラメータから各サブブロックの動きベクトルを導出する。
図10には、本実施形態に係るマージ予測パラメータ導出部3036の構成を示す概略図が示されている。マージ予測パラメータ導出部3036は、マージ候補導出部30361、マージ候補選択部30362を備える。なお、マージ候補は、予測パラメータ(predFlagLX、mvLX、refIdxLX)を含んで構成され、マージ候補リストに格納される。マージ候補リストに格納されたマージ候補には、所定の規則に従ってインデックスが割り当てられる。
ここで、A1,B1,B0,A0,B2は各々、下記の座標を含むブロックから導出される動き情報である。図8の対象ピクチャでマージ候補の配置にA1,B1,B0,A0,B2の位置を示す。
B1: (xCb + cbWidth - 1, yCb - 1)
B0: (xCb + cbWidth, yCb - 1)
A0: (xCb - 1, yCb + cbHeight)
B2: (xCb - 1, yCb - 1)
対象ブロックの左上座標を(xCb, yCb)、幅cbWidth、高さcbHeightとする。
yColCtr = yCb+(cbHeight>>1)
xColCBr = xCb+cbWidth
yColCBr = yCb+ cbHeight
CBRが利用可能であればCBRの動きベクトルを利用してマージ候補COLを導出する。CBRが利用可能でなければCを使用してCOLを導出する。そして、availableFlagLXColを1に設定する。なお、参照ピクチャは、スライスヘッダにおいて通知されたcollocated_ref_idxであってもよい。
mvLXavgK[1] = (mvLXp0Cand[1]+mvLXp1Cand[1])/2
マージ候補導出部30361は、refIdxLXが0…Mであり、mvLXのX成分、Y成分が共に0であるゼロマージ候補Z0,…, ZMを導出しマージ候補リストに格納する。
i = 0
if( availableFlagA1 )
mergeCandList[ i++ ] = A1
if( availableFlagB1 )
mergeCandList[ i++ ] = B1
if( availableFlagB0 )
mergeCandList[ i++ ] = B0
if( availableFlagA0 )
mergeCandList[ i++ ] = A0
if( availableFlagB2 )
mergeCandList[ i++ ] = B2
if( availableFlagCol )
mergeCandList[ i++ ] = Col
if( availableFlagAvgK )
mergeCandList[ i++ ] = avgK
if( i < MaxNumMergeCand )
mergeCandList[ i++ ] = ZK
マージ候補選択部30362は、マージ候補リストに含まれるマージ候補のうち、merge_idxが示すマージ候補Nを以下の式で選択する。
ここでNは、マージ候補を示すラベルであり、A1,B1,B0,A0,B2,Col,avgK,ZKなどをとる。ラベルNで示されるマージ候補の動き情報は(mvLXN[0], mvLXN[0])、predFlagLXN, refIdxLXNで示される。
続いて、DMVR部30375が行うDMVR(Decoder side Motion Vector Refinement)処理について説明する。DMVR部30375は、対象CUに対して、merge_flagが1の場合、又は、スキップフラグskip_flagが1の場合、マージ予測部30374が導出する当該対象CUのmvLXを、参照画像を用いて修正する。具体的には、マージ予測部30374が導出する予測パラメータが双予測である場合において、2つの参照ピクチャに対応すると動きベクトルから導出される予測画像を用いて、動きベクトルを修正する。修正後のmvLXはインター予測画像生成部309に供給される。
また、RefPicIsScaled[0][refIdxLX]の値が1であるか、RefPicIsScaled[1][refIdxLX]の値が1であれば、cbProfFlagLXの値はFALSEに設定される。ここで、cbProfFlagLXは、アフィン予測のPrediction refinement(PROF)を行うか否かを規定するフラグである。
図10には、本実施形態に係るAMVP予測パラメータ導出部3032の構成を示す概略図が示されている。AMVP予測パラメータ導出部3032は、ベクトル候補導出部3033とベクトル候補選択部3034を備える。ベクトル候補導出部3033は、refIdxLXに基づいて予測パラメータメモリ307が記憶する復号済みの隣接ブロックの動きベクトルから予測ベクトル候補を導出し、予測ベクトル候補リストmvpListLX[]に格納する。
MV加算部3038は、AMVP予測パラメータ導出部3032から入力されたmvpLXと復号したmvdLXを加算してmvLXを算出する。加算部3038は、算出したmvLXをインター予測画像生成部309および予測パラメータメモリ307に出力する。
mvLX[1] = mvpLX[1]+mvdLX[1]
(サブブロックマージの詳細分類)
サブブロックマージが関連する予測処理の種類について纏める。上記のように、マージ予測とAMVP予測とに大別される。
・サブブロックマージ予測
サブブロックマージ予測は、更に、以下に類別される。
・アフィン予測
・継承アフィン予測(inferred affine prediction)
・構成アフィン予測(constructed affine prediction)
一方、AMVP予測は、以下に類別される。
・MVDアフィン予測
MVDアフィン予測は、更に、以下に類別される。
・6パラメータMVDアフィン予測
なお、MVDアフィン予測は、差分ベクトルを復号して用いるアフィン予測を指す。
predModeがインター予測モードを示す場合、インター予測画像生成部309は、インター予測パラメータ導出部303から入力されたインター予測パラメータと参照ピクチャを用いてインター予測によりブロックもしくはサブブロックの予測画像を生成する。
動き補償部3091(補間画像生成部3091)は、インター予測パラメータ導出部303から入力された、インター予測パラメータ(predFlagLX、refIdxLX、mvLX)に基づいて、参照ピクチャメモリ306から参照ブロックを読み出すことによって補間画像(動き補償画像)を生成する。参照ブロックは、refIdxLXで指定された参照ピクチャRefPicLX上で、対象ブロックの位置からmvLXシフトした位置のブロックである。ここで、mvLXが整数精度でない場合には、動き補償フィルタと呼ばれる小数位置の画素を生成するためのフィルタを施して、補間画像を生成する。
xFrac = mvLX[0]&(MVPREC-1)
yInt = yPb+(mvLX[1]>>(log2(MVPREC)))+y
yFrac = mvLX[1]&(MVPREC-1)
ここで、(xPb,yPb)は、bW*bHサイズのブロックの左上座標、x=0…bW-1、y=0…bH-1であり、MVPRECは、mvLXの精度(1/MVPREC画素精度)を示す。例えばMVPREC=16である。
続いて、動き補償部3091は、一時的画像temp[][]を垂直補間処理により、補間画像Pred[][]を導出する。以下のΣはk=0..NTAP-1のkに関する和、shift2は値のレンジを調整する正規化パラメータ、offset2=1<<(shift2-1)である。
なお、双予測の場合、上記のPred[][]をL0リスト、L1リスト毎に導出し(補間画像PredL0[][]とPredL1[][]と呼ぶ)、PredL0[][]とPredL1[][]から補間画像Pred[][]を生成する。
以下、予測画像生成部308によって実行されるinterpolation filter処理であって、上述したリサンプリングが適用されて参照ピクチャのサイズが単一のシーケンス中で変化する場合におけるinterpolation filter処理について説明する。なお、この処理は、例えば動き補償部3091によって実行されるものであってもよい。
IntraInter合成部30951は、インター予測画像とイントラ予測画像の重み付け和により予測画像を生成する。
+(4 - w)*predSamplesInter[x][y] + 2)>> 2
ここで、predSamplesIntra[x][y]はイントラ予測画像で、planar予測に限定されている。predSamplesInter[x][y]は、再構成されたインター予測画像である。
GPM合成部30952は、上述したGPM予測を用いた予測画像を生成する。
次に、BDOF部30954が行うBDOF予測(Bi-Directional Optical Flow, BDOF処理)の詳細について説明する。BDOF部30954は、双予測モードにおいて、2つの予測画像(第1の予測画像及び第2の予測画像)及び勾配補正項を参照して予測画像を生成する。
重み予測部3094は、補間画像predSamplesLXからブロックの予測画像pbSamplesを生成する。
ここで、shift1=14-bitDepth、offset1=1<<(shift1-1)である。PredLXは、L0もしくはL1予測の補間画像である。
ここで、shift2=15-bitDepth、offset2=1<<(shift2-1)である。
w0 = LumaWeightL0[refIdxL0]
w1 = LumaWeightL1[refIdxL1]
o0 = luma_offset_l0[refIdxL0] <<(bitDepth - 8)
o1 = luma_offset_l1[refIdxL1] <<(bitDepth - 8)
それ以外(cIdxは0に等しくない色差)の場合、以下が適用される。
w0 = ChromaWeightL0[refIdxL0][cIdx - 1]
w1 = ChromaWeightL1[refIdxL1][cIdx - 1]
o0 = ChromaOffsetL0[refIdxL0][cIdx - 1] <<(bitDepth - 8)
o1 = ChromaOffsetL1[refIdxL1][cIdx - 1] <<(bitDepth - 8)
x = 0..nCbW - 1およびy = 0..nCbH - 1の予測画像の画素値pbSamples[x][y]は、次のように導出される。
pbSamples[x][y] = Clip3(0,(1 << bitDepth)- 1,
((predSamplesL0[x][y] * w0 + 2^(log2Wd - 1))>> log2Wd)+ o0)
else
pbSamples[x][y] = Clip3(0,(1<<bitDepth)-1, predSamplesL0[x][y]*w0 + o0)
それ以外で、もし、predFlagL0が0でpredFlagL1が1の場合、予測画像の画素値pbSamples[x][y]は、次のように導出される。
pbSamples[x][y] = Clip3(0,(1 << bitDepth)- 1,
((predSamplesL1[x][y] * w1 + 2^(log2Wd - 1))>> log2Wd)+ o1)
else
pbSamples[x][y] = Clip3(0,(1<<bitDepth)-1、predSamplesL1[x][y]*w1 + o1)
それ以外で、もし、predFlagL0は1に等しく、predFlagL1は1に等しい場合、予測画像の画素値pbSamples[x][y]は次のように導出される。
(predSamplesL0[x][y] * w0 + predSamplesL1[x][y] * w1 +
((o0 + o1 + 1)<< log2Wd))>>(log2Wd + 1))
(BCW予測)
BCW(Bi-prediction with CU-level Weights)予測は、CUレベルで予め決まった重み係数を切り替えることが可能な予測方法である。
現在の符号化ブロックの幅と高さを指定する2つの変数nCbWとnCbHと、(nCbW)x(nCbH)の2つの配列predSamplesL0およびpredSamplesL1と、予測リストを使うか否かを示すフラグpredFlagL0およびpredFlagL1と、参照ピクチャインデックスrefIdxL0およびrefIdxL1と、BCW予測のインデックスbcw_idxと、輝度、色差成分のインデックスを指定する変数cIdxを入力し、BCW予測処理を行い、(nCbW)x(nCbH)の配列pbSamplesの予測画像の画素値を出力する。
(predSamplesL0[x][y] + predSamplesL1[x][y] + offset2)>> shift2)
それ以外の場合(bcwIdxが0と等しくない場合)、以下が適用される。
(w0 * predSamplesL0[x][y] +
w1 * predSamplesL1[x][y] + offset3)>>(shift2 + 3))
AMVP予測モードにおいてBCW予測が用いられる場合、インター予測パラメータ復号部303はbcw_idxを復号し、BCW部30955に送付する。また、マージ予測モードにおいてBCW予測が用いられる場合、インター予測パラメータ復号部303は、マージインデックスmerge_idxを復号し、マージ候補導出部30361は各マージ候補のbcwIdxを導出する。具体的には、マージ候補導出部30361は、マージ候補の導出に用いた隣接ブロックの重み係数を、対象ブロックに用いるマージ候補の重み係数として用いる。つまり、マージモードでは、過去に用いた重み係数を、対象ブロックの重み係数として継承する。
predModeがイントラ予測モードを示す場合、イントラ予測画像生成部310は、イントラ予測パラメータ導出部304から入力されたイントラ予測パラメータと参照ピクチャメモリ306から読み出した参照画素を用いてイントラ予測を行う。
次に、本実施形態に係る動画像符号化装置11の構成について説明する。図12は、本実施形態に係る動画像符号化装置11の構成を示すブロック図である。動画像符号化装置11は、予測画像生成部101、減算部102、変換・量子化部103、逆量子化・逆変換部105、加算部106、ループフィルタ107、予測パラメータメモリ(予測パラメータ記憶部、フレームメモリ)108、参照ピクチャメモリ(参照画像記憶部、フレームメモリ)109、符号化パラメータ決定部110、パラメータ符号化部111、予測パラメータ導出部120、エントロピー符号化部104を含んで構成される。
インター予測パラメータ符号化部112は図13に示すように、パラメータ符号化制御部1121、インター予測パラメータ導出部303を含んで構成される。インター予測パラメータ導出部303は動画像復号装置と共通の構成である。パラメータ符号化制御部1121は、マージインデックス導出部11211とベクトル候補インデックス導出部11212を含む。
イントラ予測パラメータ符号化部113は図14に示すように、パラメータ符号化制御部1131とイントラ予測パラメータ導出部304を備える。イントラ予測パラメータ導出部304は動画像復号装置と共通の構成である。
図15(a)は、非特許文献1のSequence Paramenter Set(SPS)のシンタクスの一部を示している。
(128 + delta_chroma_offset_l0[i][j] -
((128 * ChromaWeightL0[i][j])>> ChromaLog2WeightDenom)))
delta_chroma_offset_l0[i][j]の値は、-4*128から4*127の範囲内でなければならない。chroma_weight_l0_flag[i]が0に等しい場合、重み予測部3094はChromaOffsetL0[i][j]は0に等しいと推測する。
図19(b)は、非特許文献1の参照ピクチャリスト構造ref_pic_list_struct(listIdx、rplsIdx)を定義するシンタクスを示している。
上述した動画像符号化装置11及び動画像復号装置31は、動画像の送信、受信、記録、再生を行う各種装置に搭載して利用することができる。なお、動画像は、カメラ等により撮像された自然動画像であってもよいし、コンピュータ等により生成された人工動画像(CGおよびGUIを含む)であってもよい。
また、上述した動画像復号装置31および動画像符号化装置11の各ブロックは、集積回路(ICチップ)上に形成された論理回路によってハードウェア的に実現してもよいし、CPU(Central Processing Unit)を用いてソフトウェア的に実現してもよい。
Claims (6)
- 参照ピクチャリストに含まれる参照ピクチャを用いて予測画像を導出する動画像復号装置において、
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、
(i)1つ以上の参照ピクチャリスト構造と、
(ii)nal_unit_typeがIDRピクチャであるスライスヘッダに第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報が存在するかを示す第1のフラグと、
ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれる、第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報がピクチャヘッダに存在するか否かを示す第2のフラグと、を復号するパラメータ復号部と、
(i)スライスヘッダにおいて、nal_unit_typeもしくは前記第1のフラグと、前記第2のフラグとを用いて、前記第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出する、又は
ピクチャヘッダにおいて、前記第2のフラグを用いて、前記第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出し、
(ii)前記参照ピクチャリスト構造に基づいて、前記参照ピクチャリストを導出する予測パラメータ導出部と、を備え、
前記第1の参照ピクチャリストが導出されない場合、前記参照ピクチャリスト構造のエントリの数は、0と推定されることを特徴とする動画像復号装置。 - 前記第1の参照ピクチャリストが導出されない場合とは、(i)前記第1のフラグの値が0であり、(ii)前記第2のフラグの値が0であり、(iii)nal_unit_typeがIDRピクチャであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の動画像復号装置。
- 前記エントリの数は、変数iと参照ピクチャリストインデックスを用いて定義され、該参照ピクチャリストインデックスは、該変数iを用いて定義され、該変数iの値は、0又は1であることを特徴とする請求項1又は2に記載の動画像復号装置。
- 参照ピクチャリストに含まれる参照ピクチャを用いて予測画像を導出する動画像符号化装置において、
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、
(i)1つ以上の参照ピクチャリスト構造と、
(ii)nal_unit_typeがIDRピクチャであるスライスヘッダに第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報が存在するかを示す第1のフラグと、
ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれる、第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報がピクチャヘッダに存在するか否かを示す第2のフラグと、を符号化するパラメータ符号化部と、
(i)スライスヘッダにおいて、nal_unit_typeもしくは前記第1のフラグと、前記第2のフラグとを用いて、前記第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出する、又は
ピクチャヘッダにおいて、前記第2のフラグを用いて、前記第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出し、
(ii)前記参照ピクチャリスト構造に基づいて、前記参照ピクチャリストを導出する予測パラメータ導出部と、を備え、
前記第1の参照ピクチャリストが導出されない場合、前記参照ピクチャリスト構造のエントリの数は、0と推定されることを特徴とする動画像符号化装置。 - 参照ピクチャリストに含まれる参照ピクチャを用いて予測画像を導出する動画像復号方法において、
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、
(i)1つ以上の参照ピクチャリスト構造と、
(ii)nal_unit_typeがIDRピクチャであるスライスヘッダに第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報が存在するかを示す第1のフラグと、
ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれる、第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報がピクチャヘッダに存在するか否かを示す第2のフラグと、を復号するステップと、
(i)スライスヘッダにおいて、nal_unit_typeもしくは前記第1のフラグと、前記第2のフラグとを用いて、前記第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出する、又は
ピクチャヘッダにおいて、前記第2のフラグを用いて、前記第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出し、
(ii)前記参照ピクチャリスト構造に基づいて、前記参照ピクチャリストを導出するステップと、を少なくとも含み、
前記第1の参照ピクチャリストが導出されない場合、前記参照ピクチャリスト構造のエントリの数は、0と推定されることを特徴とする動画像復号方法。 - 参照ピクチャリストに含まれる参照ピクチャを用いて予測画像を導出する動画像符号化方法において、
シーケンスパラメータセットに含まれる、
(i)1つ以上の参照ピクチャリスト構造と、
(ii)nal_unit_typeがIDRピクチャであるスライスヘッダに第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報が存在するかを示す第1のフラグと、
ピクチャパラメータセットに含まれる、第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報がピクチャヘッダに存在するか否かを示す第2のフラグと、を符号化するステップと、
(i)スライスヘッダにおいて、nal_unit_typeもしくは前記第1のフラグと、前記第2のフラグとを用いて、前記第1の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出する、又は
ピクチャヘッダにおいて、前記第2のフラグを用いて、前記第2の参照ピクチャリスト情報を導出し、
(ii)前記参照ピクチャリスト構造に基づいて、前記参照ピクチャリストを導出するステップと、を少なくとも含み、
前記第1の参照ピクチャリストが導出されない場合、前記参照ピクチャリスト構造のエントリの数は、0と推定されることを特徴とする動画像符号化方法。
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