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WO2021134974A1 - 一种摄像头弹出机构及终端 - Google Patents

一种摄像头弹出机构及终端 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021134974A1
WO2021134974A1 PCT/CN2020/084430 CN2020084430W WO2021134974A1 WO 2021134974 A1 WO2021134974 A1 WO 2021134974A1 CN 2020084430 W CN2020084430 W CN 2020084430W WO 2021134974 A1 WO2021134974 A1 WO 2021134974A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
camera
sliding
housing
ejection mechanism
slide
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/084430
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
刘学龙
Original Assignee
上海众链科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 上海众链科技有限公司 filed Critical 上海众链科技有限公司
Publication of WO2021134974A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021134974A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/50—Constructional details
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04M—TELEPHONIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04M1/00—Substation equipment, e.g. for use by subscribers
    • H04M1/02—Constructional features of telephone sets
    • H04M1/0202—Portable telephone sets, e.g. cordless phones, mobile phones or bar type handsets
    • H04M1/026—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components
    • H04M1/0264—Details of the structure or mounting of specific components for a camera module assembly
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/57—Mechanical or electrical details of cameras or camera modules specially adapted for being embedded in other devices

Definitions

  • the utility model relates to the technical field of terminals, in particular to a camera pop-up mechanism and a terminal
  • smart terminals such as mobile phones have been qualitatively leapfrogged.
  • smart phones tend to be full-screen, and the front camera has always been a key factor restricting the full-screen of the whole machine.
  • Various manufacturers have worked hard to miniaturize the front camera, but mobile phones still cannot achieve a substantial full screen.
  • the above solution uses a motor to realize the expansion and contraction of the camera ejection mechanism.
  • the disadvantage of this solution is that the motor is large, occupies a large space of the whole machine, sacrifices the space of the whole machine, and consumes electricity and is costly.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide a camera pop-up mechanism and terminal to solve the technical problem that the existing hidden front camera occupies a large space in the whole machine.
  • the utility model provides a camera ejection mechanism, which includes:
  • a sliding component the camera is arranged on the sliding component, and can slide on the sliding component in a set ejecting direction or a retracting direction;
  • the ejection component is arranged on one side of the sliding component and includes a housing, a slider, a traction spring, a pull rod, and a limit elastic piece.
  • the slider is slidably arranged in the housing in the sliding direction of the camera , One side of which extends through the housing and is used to push the pushing part of the camera from the inside, the traction spring is used to pull the slider toward the ejection direction, and the slider is provided with a sliding A groove and a clamping block arranged in the sliding groove, the pull rod includes a connecting end and a hook end, the connecting end of the pull rod is movably connected to the housing, and the hook end of the pull rod is arranged on the In the chute, the limiting elastic piece is arranged on the housing and is close to the top of the pull rod;
  • the hook end hooks the block, and when the camera is pushed to move a set stroke in the retracting direction, the hook end separates from the block and slides Into the sliding groove, the traction spring pulls the slider to move in the ejecting direction to eject the camera.
  • the camera ejection mechanism further includes a balance guide assembly, the ejection assembly and the balance guide assembly are located on opposite sides of the camera, and the balance guide assembly is used to guide the camera to slide in a set direction.
  • the balance guide assembly includes:
  • a telescopic rod the telescopic direction of which is consistent with the sliding direction of the camera, one end is connected to the camera, and the other end is connected to the sliding assembly;
  • the telescopic spring is sleeved on the telescopic rod, and one end is connected with the camera, and the other end is connected with the sliding assembly.
  • the balance guide assembly by providing the balance guide assembly, the phenomenon of unilateral force applied to the camera during the sliding process can be avoided, the smooth operation of the camera can be ensured, the wear of the mechanism can be reduced, and the service life can be increased.
  • the absolute values of the expansion and contraction amounts of the expansion spring and the traction spring are the same.
  • the sliding component includes:
  • the sliding bracket is slidably connected with the sliding rail, the camera is installed on the sliding bracket, and the pushing part is tightly abutted on the sliding bracket under the pulling of the traction spring.
  • the sliding support includes a sliding plate, the sliding plate is provided with a waist-shaped hole, and the sliding rail includes:
  • Two side limit blocks which are formed on the top of the mounting plate and are arranged oppositely, and the sliding plate is arranged between the two side limit blocks and abuts against the side limit blocks;
  • Two limiting posts arranged at intervals, which are located between the two side limiting blocks, one of the limiting posts penetrates from the waist-shaped hole;
  • the upper limit plate is arranged on the top of the two limit posts and abuts against the top of the sliding plate.
  • the camera pop-up mechanism adopts a composite sliding structure, which has the advantages of smoothness and stability, high guiding and limiting accuracy, easy disassembly, replacement and maintenance compared with a simple sliding slide structure.
  • the abutting part where the pushing part abuts against the sliding bracket is tapered, the sliding bracket is provided with a cone-shaped notch, and the abutting part abuts against the cone-shaped notch.
  • the chute includes an eject chute and a retraction chute.
  • One end of the eject chute and the retraction chute forms a common chute, and the other end is connected to form a locking space.
  • the block is located between the ejecting slideway and the retracting slideway, and when the camera is in a retracted state, the hook end is placed in the carding space.
  • the depth of the eject slide is higher than the depth of the retract slide, the snap-in space is in the shape of a "V", and the snap-in space is provided with
  • the utility model also provides a terminal, which includes a housing, at least one camera, and a circuit board arranged in the housing, and also includes at least one camera ejection mechanism.
  • the camera ejection mechanism is the aforementioned camera ejection mechanism.
  • the outer periphery of the body is provided with at least one accommodating hole, the camera ejection mechanism is arranged in the accommodating hole, the sliding component of the camera ejection mechanism is provided with at least one camera, and the camera communicates with the camera via a flexible circuit board. Circuit board connection.
  • the beneficial effect of the utility model is that the mechanical movement structure is adopted to realize the telescopic function of the camera.
  • the camera will pop out by pressing the appearance of the camera, and then it will retract and lock when pressed again.
  • the overall volume is small, the whole machine space is small, the cost is low, and there is no need Live work.
  • limit shrapnel to ensure that the hook end of the pull rod is always in the chute, to ensure that the camera ejection mechanism can maintain stable operation even under high-intensity use conditions (such as repeatedly retracting the camera), which improves the camera ejection mechanism The stability and service life.
  • Fig. 1 is an assembly perspective view of the camera ejection mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention when it is in a retracted state;
  • Figure 2 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the camera ejection mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the eject assembly in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4 is an assembly perspective view of the ejection component of the camera ejection mechanism in FIG. 1 after the cover is removed;
  • Figure 5 is an enlarged view of I in Figure 4.
  • Figure 6 is an assembly perspective view of the pop-up assembly in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 7 is an assembly perspective view of the camera ejection mechanism in the first embodiment of the present invention when it is in an eject state;
  • FIG. 8 is an assembly perspective view of the camera ejection mechanism in FIG. 7 from another angle;
  • FIG. 9 is an assembly perspective view of the ejection component of the camera ejection mechanism in FIG. 7 after the cover is removed;
  • Figure 10 is a three-dimensional exploded view of the camera ejection mechanism in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 11 is a perspective view of the pop-up assembly in the second embodiment of the utility model after the cover is removed;
  • Fig. 12 is an enlarged view of position II in Fig. 11;
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the terminal in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 1 to 9 shows a camera ejection mechanism 100 in the first embodiment of the present invention.
  • the camera ejection mechanism 100 is used to eject the camera 10 and includes a sliding assembly 20, an ejection assembly 30, and a balance guide assembly 40.
  • the camera 10 includes a flexible circuit board 50 for connecting to a terminal circuit board.
  • the camera 10 is arranged on the sliding assembly 20 and can slide on the sliding assembly 20 along a set ejection direction or a retracted direction, and the ejection direction and the retracting direction are on the same straight line.
  • the sliding assembly 20 includes a mounting plate 21 and a sliding bracket 22 arranged on the mounting plate 21, the top of the mounting plate 21 is provided with a sliding rail 23, and one side of the mounting plate 21 extends vertically upwards A side baffle 211 is exited, and a through hole 212 for the camera 10 to eject is provided between the side baffle 211 and the mounting plate 21.
  • the sliding bracket 22 is slidably connected to the sliding rail 23, and the camera 10 is mounted on the sliding bracket 22.
  • the slide rail 23 includes two side limit blocks 231, two spaced limit posts 232, and an upper limit plate 233.
  • the side limit blocks 231 are formed on the top of the mounting plate 21, and The two side limit blocks 231 are arranged oppositely, the limit post 232 is located between the two side limit blocks 231, and the upper limit plate 233 is detachably fixed to the two limit blocks by screws.
  • the top of the post 232 is a part of the post 232.
  • the sliding bracket 22 includes a base plate 221, a sliding plate 222 and an abutting block 223 provided on one side of the base plate 221, the camera 10 is mounted on a side of the base plate 221 away from the sliding plate 222, and the sliding plate 222 A waist-shaped hole 2221 is provided on it.
  • the sliding plate 222 is arranged between the two side limit blocks 231 and slidably abuts against the side limit blocks 231.
  • One of the limit posts 232 passes through the waist-shaped hole 2221.
  • the upper limit plate 233 abuts against the top of the sliding plate 222, and the sliding plate 222 can slide relative to the upper limit plate 233.
  • the side limit blocks 231 on both sides restrict the sliding plate 222 from moving left and right
  • the upper limit plate 233 restricts the sliding plate 222 from moving up and down
  • the sliding plate 222 can only Moving back and forth between the two limit posts 232, moving forward is the set ejection direction, the camera 10 will pass through the through hole 212, and moving backward is the set retraction direction, and the camera 10 will retract. Go back to the passing hole 212.
  • the appearance surface is preferably kept flush with the outer surface of the side fence 211.
  • the shape and size of the through hole 212 are preferably processed and produced according to the shape and size of the housing of the camera 10, so that the through hole 212 fits the camera 10 more closely, and the sealing effect is better.
  • the side limit block 231, the limit post 232, and the side baffle 211 can be integrally formed with the mounting plate 21, and the entire sliding bracket 22 can also be integrally formed.
  • the camera pop-up mechanism adopts a composite sliding structure, which has the advantages of smoothness and stability, high guiding and limiting accuracy, and easy disassembly, replacement and maintenance compared with a simple sliding block sliding structure.
  • the sliding assembly 20 can also be replaced by other sliding structures, such as a sliding structure in which a sliding groove cooperates with a sliding block.
  • the ejection assembly 30 is disposed on the mounting board 21 and located on one side of the camera 10 for ejecting the camera 10 and locking the camera 10 when the camera 10 is retracted.
  • the ejection assembly 30 includes a housing 31, a sliding block 32, a traction spring 33, a pull rod 34 and a limiting elastic piece 35.
  • the housing 31 includes a bottom shell 311 provided on the mounting plate 21, and a shell cover 312 provided on the bottom shell 311.
  • the bottom of the bottom shell 311 is provided with a receiving groove 3111, so A first protrusion 3112 protrudes outward from the bottom of the receiving groove 3111.
  • the slider 32 is provided in the housing 31 and can slide along the sliding direction of the camera 10, and the bottom of the slider 32 is provided with a second convex post 321, the second convex post 321 Passing through the bottom shell 311 and extending into the receiving groove 3111, the second protrusion 321 can pass on the bottom shell 311 to follow the sliding block 32 to move.
  • a push portion 322 extends from one side of the slider 32, the push portion 322 passes through the bottom shell 311, and the push portion 322 can run on the bottom shell 311 to follow the When the slider 32 moves, the pushing portion 322 and the camera 10 are located on opposite sides of the substrate 221.
  • the traction spring 33 is received in the receiving groove 3111, and is connected between the first convex post 3112 and the second convex post 321, so as to pull the slider toward the ejection direction of the camera 10 Block 32, and under the pulling of the traction spring 33, the pushing portion 322 abuts against the abutting block 223.
  • the abutting portion where the pushing portion 322 abuts against the abutting block 223 is tapered, the end of the abutting block 223 is provided with a tapered notch 2231, and the abutting portion abuts against In the tapered notch 2231, a tapered position-limiting fit is adopted, so that the abutting part is not easy to fall off and dislocation.
  • the top of the sliding block 32 is provided with a sliding groove 323 and a block 324 arranged in the sliding groove 323,
  • the pull rod 34 includes a connecting end 341 and a hook end 342, and the connecting end of the pull rod 34 341 is movably connected (hinged) to the bottom shell 311, and the hook end 342 of the pull rod 34 is arranged in the sliding groove 323.
  • the chute 323 includes an eject chute 3231 and a retraction chute 3232.
  • One end of the eject chute 3231 and the retraction chute 3232 forms a common chute 3233, and the other end is connected to form a card.
  • the block 324 is located between the ejecting slide 3231 and the retracting slide 3232.
  • the depth of the ejecting slide 3231 is higher than that of the retraction slide 3233.
  • the depth of the retracting slide 3232 is described to form a step A at the intersection of the two to force the subsequent hook end 342 to slide from the common slide 3233 into the retracting slide 3232 only.
  • the snap-in space 3234 is in the shape of a "V".
  • the snap-in space 3234 is provided with a wedge block 3235 that guides the hook end 342 to slide into the ejection slide 3231, and is also provided with a wedge block 3235 for preventing the hook end 342 from sliding. Enter the limit step 3236 of the retracting slide 3232.
  • these limit and guiding structures it can ensure that the hook end slides smoothly along the set route, and it is not easy to appear stuck, jammed, path disorder and other restrictions, and ensure stable operation. It is understandable that when the camera 10 is in the retracted state (as shown in FIG. 1), the hook end 342 slides in the locking space 3234 and hooks the blocking block 324 (as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5).
  • the camera 10 When the blocking block 324 cannot move, the camera 10 is locked; when in the retracted state, press the exterior surface of the camera 10 (the surface exposed outside the passage hole 212 when retracted), and push the camera 10 in the retracting direction (inward )
  • the hook end 342 When moving the set stroke, the hook end 342 separates from the block 324 and slides into the eject slideway 3231, the locking effect is lost, and the traction spring 33 pulls the slider 32 to slide in the eject direction to push the slide bracket 22 to move forward.
  • the hook end 342 slides from the eject slide 3231 into the common slide 3233 (as shown in Figure 9); when in the ejected state, press the exterior surface of the camera 10 and push the camera 10 back When moving in the retracting direction, the hook end 342 slides from the public slide 3233 into the retract slide 3232, and finally slides into the card insertion space 3234. At this time, the camera 10 retracts into the through hole 212. After the pressing force is removed, the card The hook end 342 hooks the block 324 to lock the camera 10, and the camera returns to the retracted state.
  • the set stroke is the stroke required for the hook end 342 to slide from the locking space 3234 into the ejecting slide 3231, which can be adjusted by changing the size of the locking space 3234.
  • a through hole is provided in the middle of the shell cover 312, a side wall of the through hole obliquely extends toward the inside of the housing 31 to extend the limiting elastic piece 35, and the limiting elastic piece 35 is close to the pull rod The top part of 34 to ensure that the hook end 342 of the pull rod 34 is always in the sliding groove 323.
  • this embodiment further provides a balance guide assembly 40.
  • the balance guide assembly 40 and the ejection assembly 30 are located on opposite sides of the camera 10, and the balance guide assembly 40 is used to guide the camera. 10Slide in the set direction.
  • the balance guide assembly 40 includes a telescopic rod 41 and a telescopic spring 42 sleeved on the telescopic rod 41.
  • the telescopic direction of the telescopic rod 41 is consistent with the sliding direction of the base plate 221, and one end is aligned with the sliding direction of the base plate 221.
  • the camera 10 is connected, and the other end is connected to the mounting board 21.
  • One end of the telescopic spring 42 is connected to the base plate 221 and the other end is connected to the mounting plate 21.
  • the slider 32 pushes the camera 10 to pop out, it will give a pushing force on one side of the camera 10, and the telescopic spring 42 on the other side will also give a pushing force to the camera 10 under the action of elastic reset, thereby keeping the camera 10 Balance, avoid the phenomenon of unilateral force applied to the camera 10 during the sliding process, ensure the smooth operation of the camera, reduce the wear of the mechanism, and increase the service life.
  • the absolute value of the expansion and contraction of the telescopic spring 42 and the traction spring 33 is the same, that is, the tension of the telescopic spring 42 on the camera 10 is the same as that of the telescopic spring 42 on the camera 10 In this way, it can be ensured that the force on both sides of the camera 10 is equal at any position, and the camera 10 always maintains a balanced state and has a long service life.
  • the camera pop-up mechanism in this embodiment adopts a mechanical motion structure to realize the telescopic function of the camera 10. Press the appearance of the camera 10, the camera 10 pops up, and then presses again to retract and lock.
  • the overall size is small and it occupies the entire machine. The space is small, the cost is low, and no live work is required.
  • the stop elastic piece 35 is used to ensure that the hook end 342 of the pull rod 34 is always in the chute 323, and a balance guide assembly 40 is also provided to ensure that the camera 10 is always balanced, ensuring that the camera ejection mechanism is even in a high-intensity use state. (Such as repeatedly retracting the camera), it can also maintain stable operation, improving the stability and service life of the camera ejection mechanism.
  • FIG. 10 to 12 show the camera ejection mechanism in the second embodiment of the present invention.
  • the difference between the camera ejection mechanism in this embodiment and the camera ejection mechanism in the first embodiment is:
  • a sealing ring 2121 is embedded on the inner wall of the passing hole 212, and the sealing ring 2121 is in contact with the camera to increase the sealing performance.
  • a shock absorbing pad 3237 is embedded in the retracting slide 3232, and the shock absorbing pad 3237 is located below the step A.
  • the present invention also proposes a terminal.
  • FIG. 13 shows the terminal in the third embodiment of the present invention.
  • the terminal includes a camera pop-up mechanism 100, a housing 200, a front camera 300, and a rear camera ( Not shown) and a circuit board (not shown) provided in the housing 200.
  • the camera ejection mechanism 100 has the same mechanism as the camera ejection mechanism 100 in the first embodiment.
  • the housing 200 An accommodating hole 201 is provided on the outer periphery of the camera, the camera ejection mechanism 100 is set in the accommodating hole 201, and the front camera 300 is set on the sliding mechanism 20 of the camera ejection mechanism 100 for mounting on the camera
  • the ejection mechanism 100 ejects or retracts from the accommodating hole 201, and the front camera 300 and the rear camera are both connected to the circuit board through a flexible circuit board.
  • the terminal includes, but is not limited to, mobile phones, tablets, smart wearable devices, and so on.
  • the receiving hole 201 is provided at the upper left of the housing 200.
  • the front camera and the rear camera are essentially the same.
  • the front camera refers to the camera on the side of the screen when shooting
  • the rear camera refers to the camera on the back of the terminal when shooting.
  • the mounting plate 21 of the camera ejection mechanism 100 may be a component independently mounted on the housing 200, or may be a part of the housing 200.
  • the camera ejection mechanism 100 is installed in the accommodating hole 201, its outer side does not exceed the outer surface of the housing 200, and optimally, the side baffle 211 of the camera ejection mechanism 100 The outer surface remains flush with the outer surface of the housing 200.
  • the front camera 300 is set to a hidden type, that is, the above-mentioned camera pop-up mechanism 100 is adopted.
  • the rear camera can also be set to a hidden type, namely Both the front and rear cameras adopt the aforementioned camera ejection mechanism 100 and are accommodated in different accommodating holes 201.
  • the front and rear cameras can also be arranged on the same camera ejection mechanism 100 in reverse, that is, share one camera ejection mechanism. On the mechanism 100, when in use, the front and rear cameras can be popped up or zoomed out respectively by pressing.
  • the multiple front cameras can be arranged side by side, square array, circular array, etc., and fixed to the same or multiple camera pop-up mechanisms On 100, multiple rear cameras can be the same, of course, these cameras can also share a camera pop-up mechanism 100, just place the shooting direction, so that the front multi-camera and/or rear multi-camera can be expanded and contracted. .

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Accessories Of Cameras (AREA)

Abstract

本申请提供一种摄像头弹出机构和终端，该摄像头弹出机构包括：滑动组件，摄像头设置在滑动组件上，并可在滑动组件上沿设定方向滑动；及弹出组件，其包括壳体、滑块、牵引弹簧、拉杆及限位弹片，滑块可沿摄像头的滑动方向滑动的设于壳体内，其一侧延伸出穿过壳体且用于从内侧推动摄像头的顶推部，牵引弹簧用于朝弹出方向牵引滑块，滑块上设有滑槽及设于滑槽内的卡块，拉杆的连接端活动连接在壳体上，拉杆的卡勾端设于滑槽内，限位弹片设于壳体上，并贴近拉杆的顶部。本申请中的摄像头弹出机构，采用机械运动结构来实现摄像头的伸缩功能，占用整机空间小，成本低，且无需带电工作。此外，通过限位弹片的设计，提高了模组的稳定性和寿命。

Description

一种摄像头弹出机构及终端 技术领域
本实用新型涉及终端技术领域，特别涉及一种摄像头弹出机构及终端
背景技术
随着电子及通信技术的不断发展，手机等智能终端得到了质的飞越。目前智能手机趋于全面屏化，而前置摄像头一直是限制整机全面屏的关键因素。各厂家在前置摄像头的小型化下尽功夫，但手机依然无法达到实质的全面屏。
为了达到真实全面屏，一些厂家采用将前置摄像头置于屏幕背面，使用时将摄像头弹出的技术方案，即隐藏式前置摄像头，该方案有效解决了前置摄像头占据屏幕空间的技术问题，使手机屏幕实现真实全面屏。
然而，上述方案是使用电机马达来实现摄像头弹出机构的伸缩，该方案的缺点是马达体积大，占用整机空间大，牺牲了整机的空间，而且耗电，成本很高。
实用新型内容
基于此，本实用新型的目的是提供一种摄像头弹出机构及终端，以解决现有隐藏式前置摄像头占用整机空间大的技术问题。
本实用新型提供一种摄像头弹出机构，包括：
滑动组件，所述摄像头设置在滑动组件上，并可在所述滑动组件上沿设定的弹出方向或回缩方向滑动；以及
弹出组件，其设置在所述滑动组件的一侧，包括壳体、滑块、牵引弹簧、拉杆及限位弹片，所述滑块可沿所述摄像头的滑动方向滑动的设于所述壳体内，其一侧延伸出穿过所述壳体并用于从内侧推动所述摄像头的顶推部，所述牵引弹簧用于朝所述弹出方向牵引所述滑块，所述滑块上设有滑槽及设于所述滑槽内的卡块，所述拉杆包括连接端及卡勾端，所述拉杆的连接端活动连接在所述壳体上，所述拉杆的卡勾端设于所述滑槽内，所述限位弹片设于所述壳体上， 并贴近所述拉杆的顶部；
当所述摄像头处于回缩状态时，所述卡勾端勾住所述卡块，当推动所述摄像头沿所述回缩方向移动设定行程时，所述卡勾端脱离所述卡块并滑入所述滑槽当中，所述牵引弹簧拉动所述滑块朝所述弹出方向移动，以弹出所述摄像头。
进一步地，所述摄像头弹出机构还包括平衡导向组件，所述弹出组件和所述平衡导向组件位于所述摄像头的相对两侧，所述平衡导向组件用于引导所述摄像头沿设定方向滑动。
进一步地，所述平衡导向组件包括：
伸缩杆，其伸缩方向与所述摄像头的滑动方向一致，且一端与所述摄像头连接，另一端与所述滑动组件连接；
伸缩弹簧，其套设于所述伸缩杆上，且一端与所述摄像头连接，另一端与所述滑动组件连接。
其中，通过设置该平衡导向组件，能够避免摄像头在滑行过程当中单侧受力的现象，确保摄像头能够平稳运行，降低机构的磨损，提高使用寿命。
进一步地，当所述摄像头处于回缩状态时，所述伸缩弹簧和所述牵引弹簧的伸缩量的绝对值相同。
可以理解的，通过上述伸缩量的限定，可以确保摄像头在任意位置上，其两侧所受的作用力相等，确保摄像头始终保持平衡状态。进一步地，所述滑动组件包括：
安装板，其顶部设有滑轨，其一侧向上垂直延伸出一侧挡板，所述侧挡板与所述安装板之间设有一供所述摄像头弹出的穿行孔；
滑动支架，其与所述滑轨滑动连接，所述摄像头安装于所述滑动支架上，在所述牵引弹簧的拉动下，所述顶推部紧靠于所述滑动支架上。
进一步地，所述滑动支架包括一滑板，所述滑板上设有一腰形孔，所述滑轨包括：
两个侧限位块，其成型于所述安装板的顶部，且相对布置，所述滑板设于两个所述侧限位块之间，且与所述侧限位块贴靠；
两个间隔布置的限位柱，其位于两个所述侧限位块之间，其中一所述限位 柱从所述腰形孔当中穿出；以及
上限位板，其设置在两个所述限位柱的顶部，且与所述滑板的顶部贴靠。
其中，本摄像头弹出机构采用复合型滑动结构，相比于简单的滑槽滑块式滑动结构，具有平顺及稳定性好、导向及限位精度高、便于拆换及维修等优点。
进一步地，所述顶推部与所述滑动支架紧靠的抵靠部位呈锥形，所述滑动支架上设有锥形缺口，所述抵靠部位紧靠于所述锥形缺口中。
可以理解的，采用锥形限位配合，能够确保抵靠部位不易脱落和错位。
进一步地，所述滑槽包括弹出滑道和回缩滑道，所述弹出滑道和所述回缩滑道的一头汇集形成一公共滑道，另一头连通形成一卡入空间，所述卡块位于所述弹出滑道和所述回缩滑道之间，当所述摄像头处于回缩状态时，所述卡勾端置于所述卡入空间当中。
进一步地，在靠近所述公共滑道的部位上，所述弹出滑道的深度高于所述回缩滑道的深度，所述卡入空间呈“V”字形，所述卡入空间内设有引导所述卡勾端滑入所述弹出滑道的楔形块，且还设有用于阻挡所述卡勾端滑入所述回缩滑道的限位台阶。
可以理解的，通过这些限位及引导结构的设计，能够保证卡勾端顺利沿设定路线滑动，不易出现卡顿、卡死、路径紊乱等限制，确保稳定运行。
本实用新型还提供一种终端，包括壳体、至少一摄像头以及设于所述壳体内的电路板，还包括至少一摄像头弹出机构，所述摄像头弹出机构为上述的摄像头弹出机构，所述壳体的外周至少设有一容置孔，所述摄像头弹出机构设于所述容置孔内，所述摄像头弹出机构的滑动组件上设置至少一所述摄像头，所述摄像头通过柔性线路板与所述电路板连接。
本实用新型的有益效果，采用机械运动结构来实现摄像头的伸缩功能，按压摄像头外观面，摄像头弹出，再按压则回缩并锁住，整体体积小，占用整机空间小，成本低，且无需带电工作。此外，通过采用限位弹片来保证拉杆的卡勾端始终处于滑槽内，确保该摄像头弹出机构即便在高强度使用状态下(如反复伸缩摄像头)，也能够保持稳定运行，提高了摄像头弹出机构的稳定性和使用寿命。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型第一实施例中的摄像头弹出机构处于回缩状态时的装配立体图；
图2为本实用新型第一实施例中的摄像头弹出机构的立体分解图；
图3为本实用新型第一实施例中的弹出组件的立体分解图；
图4为图1当中的摄像头弹出机构的弹出组件取走壳盖后的装配立体图；
图5为图4当中I处的放大图；
图6为本实用新型第一实施例中的弹出组件的装配立体图；
图7为本实用新型第一实施例中的摄像头弹出机构处于弹出状态时的装配立体图；
图8为图7当中的摄像头弹出机构另一角度的装配立体图；
图9为图7当中的摄像头弹出机构的弹出组件取走壳盖后的装配立体图；
图10为本实用新型第二实施例中的摄像头弹出机构的立体分解图；
图11为本实用新型第二实施例中的弹出组件取走壳盖后的装配立体图；
图12为图11当中II处的放大图；
图13为本实用新型第三实施例中的终端的结构示意图。
主要元件符号说明：
摄像头 10 滑动组件 20
弹出组件 30 平衡导向组件 40
柔性线路板 50 安装板 21
滑动支架 22 滑轨 23
侧挡板 211 穿行孔 212
侧限位块 231 限位柱 232
上限位板 233 基板 221
滑板 222 抵靠块 223
腰形孔 2221 壳体 31
滑块 32 牵引弹簧 33
拉杆 34 限位弹片 35
底壳 311 壳盖 312
收容槽 3111 第一凸柱 3112
第二凸柱 321 顶推部 322
锥形缺口 2231 滑槽 323
卡块 324 连接端 341
卡勾端 342 弹出滑道 3231
回缩滑道 3232 公共滑道 3233
卡入空间 3234 楔形块 3235
限位台阶 3236 伸缩杆 41
伸缩弹簧 42 减震垫 3237
密封圈 2121 壳体 200
容置孔 201 摄像头弹出机构 100
前置摄像头 300    
如下具体实施方式将结合上述附图进一步说明本实用新型。
具体实施方式
为了便于理解本实用新型，下面将参照相关附图对本实用新型进行更全面的描述。附图中给出了本实用新型的若干实施例。但是，本实用新型可以以许多不同的形式来实现，并不限于本文所描述的实施例。相反地，提供这些实施例的目的是使对本实用新型的公开内容更加透彻全面。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固设于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。本文所使用的术语“垂直的”、“水平的”、“左”、“右”以及类似的表述只是为了说明的目的。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本实用新型的 技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本实用新型的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本实用新型。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
请参阅图1至图9，所示为本实用新型第一实施例中的一种摄像头弹出机构100，用于弹出摄像头10，包括滑动组件20、弹出组件30以及平衡导向组件40，所述摄像头10包括用于连接终端电路板的柔性线路板50。
所述摄像头10设置在所述滑动组件20上，并可在所述滑动组件20上沿设定的弹出方向或回缩方向滑动，所述弹出方向和所述回缩方向处于同一直线上。
具体地，所述滑动组件20包括安装板21及设置于所述安装板21上的滑动支架22，所述安装板21的顶部设有滑轨23，所述安装板21的一侧向上垂直延伸出一侧挡板211，所述侧挡板211与所述安装板21之间设有一供所述摄像头10弹出的穿行孔212。所述滑动支架22与所述滑轨23滑动连接，所述摄像头10安装于所述滑动支架22上。
其中，所述滑轨23包括两个侧限位块231、两个间隔布置的限位柱232及一个上限位板233，所述侧限位块231成型于所述安装板21的顶部，且两个所述侧限位块231相对布置，所述限位柱232位于两个所述侧限位块231之间，所述上限位板233利用螺丝可拆卸的固定设置在两个所述限位柱232的顶部。
其中，所述滑动支架22包括基板221、及设于基板221一侧的滑板222和抵靠块223，所述摄像头10安装于所述基板221远离所述滑板222的一侧，所述滑板222上设有腰形孔2221。所述滑板222设于两个所述侧限位块231之间，且可滑动的与所述侧限位块231贴靠，其中一所述限位柱232从所述腰形孔2221当中穿出，所述上限位板233与所述滑板222的顶部贴靠，且所述滑板222可相对所述上限位板233滑动。
可以理解的，两侧的侧限位块231限制了滑板222左右移动，上限位板233限制了滑板222上下移动，且在前、后限位柱232的限位作用下，使得滑板222只能在两个限位柱232之间前后移动，向前移动则为设定的弹出方向，摄像头10将从穿行孔212中穿出，向后移动则为设定的回缩方向，摄像头10将缩回穿 行孔212中。
优先地，当摄像头10缩回时，其外观面优选保持与所述侧挡板211的外侧表面平齐。
在具体实施时，该穿行孔212的形状和尺寸优选为，根据摄像头10壳体的外形及尺寸来加工生产，使得穿行孔212更加贴合摄像头10，密封效果更好。同时，侧限位块231、限位柱232和侧挡板211可以随安装板21一体成型，而整个滑动支架22也可以一体加工成型。
需要指出的是，本摄像头弹出机构采用复合型滑动结构，相比于简单的滑槽滑块式滑动结构，具有平顺及稳定性好、导向及限位精度高、便于拆换及维修等优点。但可以理解的，在其它实施例当中，本滑动组件20也可以采用其它的滑动结构来代替，例如滑槽配合滑块的滑动结构等。
所述弹出组件30设置在所述安装板21上，且位于所述摄像头10的一侧，用于弹出所述摄像头10、以及当所述摄像头10缩回时锁止所述摄像头10。具体地，所述弹出组件30包括壳体31、滑块32、牵引弹簧33、拉杆34及限位弹片35。
其中，所述壳体31包括设于所述安装板21上的底壳311、及盖设于所述底壳311上的壳盖312，所述底壳311的底部设有一收容槽3111，所述收容槽3111的底部向外凸起延伸出第一凸柱3112。
其中，所述滑块32设于所述壳体31内，并可沿所述摄像头10的滑动方向滑动，所述滑块32的底部设有第二凸柱321，所述第二凸柱321穿过所述底壳311延伸至所述收容槽3111内，所述第二凸柱321可以在所述底壳311上穿行，以跟随所述滑块32移动。所述滑块32的一侧延伸出一顶推部322，所述顶推部322穿过所述底壳311，且所述顶推部322可以在所述底壳311上穿行，以跟随所述滑块32移动，所述顶推部322和所述摄像头10位于所述基板221的相对两侧。
其中，所述牵引弹簧33收容于所述收容槽3111内，且连接在所述第一凸柱3112和所述第二凸柱321之间，以朝所述摄像头10的弹出方向牵引所述滑块32，且在所述牵引弹簧33的拉动下，所述顶推部322紧靠于所述抵靠块223 上。
优选地，所述顶推部322与所述抵靠块223紧靠的抵靠部位呈锥形，所述抵靠块223的末端上设有锥形缺口2231，所述抵靠部位紧靠于所述锥形缺口2231中，采用锥形限位配合，抵靠部位不易脱落和错位。
其中，所述滑块32的顶部上设有滑槽323及设于所述滑槽323内的卡块324，所述拉杆34包括连接端341及卡勾端342，所述拉杆34的连接端341活动连接(铰接)在所述底壳311上，所述拉杆34的卡勾端342设于所述滑槽323内。
具体地，所述滑槽323包括弹出滑道3231和回缩滑道3232，所述弹出滑道3231和所述回缩滑道3232的一头汇集形成一公共滑道3233，另一头连通形成一卡入空间3234，所述卡块324位于所述弹出滑道3231和所述回缩滑道3232之间，在靠近所述公共滑道3233的部位上，所述弹出滑道3231的深度高于所述回缩滑道3232的深度，以在两者交汇处形成一台阶A，以迫使后续卡勾端342从公共滑道3233只能滑入回缩滑道3232。所述卡入空间3234呈“V”字形，所述卡入空间3234内设有引导卡勾端342滑入所述弹出滑道3231的楔形块3235，且还设有用于阻挡卡勾端342滑入所述回缩滑道3232的限位台阶3236。通过这些限位及引导结构的设计，能够保证卡勾端顺利沿设定路线滑动，不易出现卡顿、卡死、路径紊乱等限制，确保稳定运行。可以理解的，当摄像头10处于回缩状态(如图1所示)时，卡勾端342滑于卡入空间3234当中，并勾住卡块324(如图4与图5所示)，此时卡块324无法移动，摄像头10锁止；当在回缩状态下，按压摄像头10的外观面(回缩时暴露在穿行孔212外的表面)，并推动摄像头10沿回缩方向(向内)移动设定行程时，卡勾端342脱离卡块324并滑入弹出滑道3231当中，锁止作用散失，牵引弹簧33拉动滑块32沿弹出方向滑动，以推动滑动支架22向前移动，以弹出摄像头10，此时卡勾端342从弹出滑道3231滑入公共滑道3233中(如图9所示)；当在弹出状态下，按压摄像头10的外观面，并推动摄像头10沿回缩方向移动时，卡勾端342从公共滑道3233滑入回缩滑道3232当中，并最终滑入卡入空间3234当中，此时摄像头10缩回穿行孔212内，撤除按压力后，卡勾端342勾住卡块324，对摄像头10进行锁止，摄像头恢复回缩状态。
需要指出的是，所述的设定行程为，卡勾端342从卡入空间3234滑入弹出滑道3231所需的行程，可通过改变卡入空间3234的尺寸来调节。
其中，所述壳盖312的中部设有一通孔，所述通孔的一侧壁朝向所述壳体31的内部倾斜延伸出所述限位弹片35，所述限位弹片35贴近所述拉杆34的顶部，以保证所述拉杆34的卡勾端342始终处于滑槽323内。
可以理解的，当滑块32推动摄像头10弹出时，将给予摄像头10一侧的推力，这将使摄像头10有偏向另一侧的趋势，长久以往，会导致滑接部位、接触部位磨损，甚至损坏摄像头10，降低本摄像头弹出机构的使用寿命。本实施例为了解决上述问题，还设置一平衡导向组件40，所述平衡导向组件40和所述弹出组件30位于所述摄像头10的相对两侧，所述平衡导向组件40用于引导所述摄像头10沿设定方向滑动。
具体来说，所述平衡导向组件40包括伸缩杆41及套设于所述伸缩杆41上伸缩弹簧42，所述伸缩杆41的伸缩方向与所述基板221的滑动方向一致，且一端与所述摄像头10连接，另一端与所述安装板21连接。所述伸缩弹簧42的一端与所述基板221连接，另一端与所述安装板21连接。
可以理解的，当滑块32推动摄像头10弹出时，将给予摄像头10一侧的推力，而另一侧的伸缩弹簧42在弹性复位作用下，也将给予摄像头10一个推力，从而使摄像头10保持平衡，避免摄像头10在滑行过程当中单侧受力的现象，确保摄像头能够平稳运行，降低机构的磨损，提高使用寿命。
优选地，当所述摄像头10处于回缩状态时，所述伸缩弹簧42和所述牵引弹簧33的伸缩量的绝对值相同，即伸缩弹簧42对摄像头10的拉力，与伸缩弹簧42对摄像头10的推力相等，这样就可以确保摄像头10在任意位置上，其两侧所受的作用力相等，摄像头10始终保持平衡状态，使用寿命高。
综上，本实施例当中的摄像头弹出机构，采用机械运动结构来实现摄像头10的伸缩功能，按压摄像头10外观面，摄像头10弹出，再按压则回缩并锁住，整体体积小，占用整机空间小，成本低，且无需带电工作。此外，通过采用限位弹片35来保证拉杆34的卡勾端342始终处于滑槽323内，同时还设置平衡导向组件40来保证摄像头10始终保持平衡，确保该摄像头弹出机构即便在高 强度使用状态下(如反复伸缩摄像头)，也能够保持稳定运行，提高了摄像头弹出机构的稳定性和使用寿命。
请查阅图10至图12，所示为本实用新型第二实施例中的摄像头弹出机构，本实施例当中的摄像头弹出机构与第一实施例中的摄像头弹出机构的区别在于：
所述穿行孔212的内壁上嵌设有密封圈2121，所述密封圈2121与所述摄像头接触，以增加密封性。
此外，所述回缩滑道3232中嵌设有减震垫3237，所述减震垫3237位于所述台阶A的下方，当卡勾端342从弹出滑道3231进入公共滑道3233时，卡勾端342从台阶A上落下的冲击将被所述减震垫3237吸收，从而消除摄像头10弹出时的异响。
本实用新型另一方面还提出一种终端，请参阅图13，所示为本实用新型第三实施例当中的终端，包括摄像头弹出机构100、壳体200、前置摄像头300、后置摄像头(图未示)、以及设于所述壳体200内的电路板(图未示)，所述摄像头弹出机构100与上述第一实施例当中的摄像头弹出机构100的机构相同，所述壳体200的外周设有一容置孔201，所述摄像头弹出机构100设于所述容置孔201内，所述前置摄像头300设置在所述摄像头弹出机构100的滑动机构20上，以在所述摄像头弹出机构100的作用下从所述容置孔201中弹出或缩回，所述前置摄像头300和所述后置摄像头均通过柔性线路板与所述电路板连接。
其中，所述终端包括但不限于手机、平板、智能穿戴设备等等。以正对终端屏幕的角度来看，所述容置孔201设置在所述壳体200的左上方。同时，前置摄像头和后置摄像头的本质相同，前置摄像头是指，拍摄时拍摄屏幕一侧的摄像头，后置摄像头是指，拍摄时拍摄终端背面一侧的摄像头。
此外，所述摄像头弹出机构100的安装板21可以为独立安装于壳体200上的一个零部件，也可以为壳体200的一部分。
优选地，所述摄像头弹出机构100在装入所述容置孔201后，其外侧不超过所述壳体200的外表面，最优为，使所述摄像头弹出机构100的侧挡板211的外侧表面保持与所述壳体200的外表面平齐。
需要指出的是，本实施例为了实现真实全面屏，将前置摄像头300设置成隐藏式，即采用上述摄像头弹出机构100，在其它实施例当中，后置摄像头也同样可以设置成隐藏式，即前、后摄像头均采用上述摄像头弹出机构100，且收容在不同的容置孔201内，当然前、后摄像头也可以一正一反的布置在同一个摄像头弹出机构100上，即共用一个摄像头弹出机构100上，这样在使用时，可分别通过按压的方式弹出或缩放前、后摄像头。
此外，当终端包括多个前置摄像头或/和多个后摄像头时，多个前置摄像头可以以并排、方形阵列、圆形阵列等方式进行排布，并固定到同一或多个摄像头弹出机构100上，多个后摄像头也可以如此，当然这些摄像头也可以共用一个摄像头弹出机构100，只需摆放好拍摄方向即可，这样就可以实现前置多摄和/或后置多摄的伸缩。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本实用新型的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对本实用新型专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本实用新型构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本实用新型的保护范围。因此，本实用新型专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种摄像头弹出机构，其特征在于，包括：
    滑动组件，摄像头设置在滑动组件上，并可在所述滑动组件上沿设定的弹出方向或回缩方向滑动；以及
    弹出组件，其设置在所述滑动组件的一侧，包括壳体、滑块、牵引弹簧、拉杆及限位弹片，所述滑块可沿所述摄像头的滑动方向滑动的设于所述壳体内，其一侧延伸出穿过所述壳体并用于从内侧推动所述摄像头的顶推部，所述牵引弹簧用于朝所述弹出方向牵引所述滑块，所述滑块上设有滑槽及设于所述滑槽内的卡块，所述拉杆包括连接端及卡勾端，所述拉杆的连接端活动连接在所述壳体上，所述拉杆的卡勾端设于所述滑槽内，所述限位弹片设于所述壳体上，并贴近所述拉杆的顶部；
    当所述摄像头处于回缩状态时，所述卡勾端勾住所述卡块，当推动所述摄像头沿所述回缩方向移动设定行程时，所述卡勾端脱离所述卡块并滑入所述滑槽当中，所述牵引弹簧拉动所述滑块朝所述弹出方向移动，以弹出所述摄像头。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头弹出机构，其特征在于，所述摄像头弹出机构还包括平衡导向组件，所述弹出组件和所述平衡导向组件位于所述摄像头的相对两侧，所述平衡导向组件用于引导所述摄像头沿设定方向滑动。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的摄像头弹出机构，其特征在于，所述平衡导向组件包括：
    伸缩杆，其伸缩方向与所述摄像头的滑动方向一致，且一端与所述摄像头连接，另一端与所述滑动组件连接；
    伸缩弹簧，其套设于所述伸缩杆上，且一端与所述摄像头连接，另一端与所述滑动组件连接。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的摄像头弹出机构，其特征在于，当所述摄像头处于回缩状态时，所述伸缩弹簧和所述牵引弹簧的伸缩量的绝对值相同。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头弹出机构，其特征在于，所述滑动组件包括：
    安装板，其顶部设有滑轨，其一侧向上垂直延伸出一侧挡板，所述侧挡板与所述安装板之间设有一供所述摄像头弹出的穿行孔；
    滑动支架，其与所述滑轨滑动连接，所述摄像头安装于所述滑动支架上，在所述牵引弹簧的拉动下，所述顶推部紧靠于所述滑动支架上。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的摄像头弹出机构，其特征在于，所述滑动支架包括一滑板，所述滑板上设有一腰形孔，所述滑轨包括：
    两个侧限位块，其成型于所述安装板的顶部，且相对布置，所述滑板设于两个所述侧限位块之间，且与所述侧限位块贴靠；
    两个间隔布置的限位柱，其位于两个所述侧限位块之间，其中一所述限位柱从所述腰形孔当中穿出；以及
    上限位板，其设置在两个所述限位柱的顶部，且与所述滑板的顶部贴靠。
  7. 根据权利要求5所述的摄像头弹出机构，其特征在于，所述顶推部与所述滑动支架紧靠的抵靠部位呈锥形，所述滑动支架上设有锥形缺口，所述抵靠部位紧靠于所述锥形缺口中。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头弹出机构，其特征在于，所述滑槽包括弹出滑道和回缩滑道，所述弹出滑道和所述回缩滑道的一头汇集形成一公共滑道，另一头连通形成一卡入空间，所述卡块位于所述弹出滑道和所述回缩滑道之间，当所述摄像头处于回缩状态时，所述卡勾端置于所述卡入空间当中。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的摄像头弹出机构，其特征在于，在靠近所述公共滑道的部位上，所述弹出滑道的深度高于所述回缩滑道的深度，所述卡入空间呈“V”字形，所述卡入空间内设有引导所述卡勾端滑入所述弹出滑道的楔形块，且还设有用于阻挡所述卡勾端滑入所述回缩滑道的限位台阶。
  10. 一种终端，包括壳体、至少一摄像头以及设于所述壳体内的电路板，其特征在于，还包括至少一摄像头弹出机构，所述摄像头弹出机构为权利要求1至9任一项所述的摄像头弹出机构，所述壳体的外周至少设有一容置孔，所述摄像头弹出机构设于所述容置孔内，所述摄像头弹出机构的滑动组件上设置至少一所述摄像头，所述摄像头通过柔性线路板与所述电路板连接。
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