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WO2021184245A1 - 摄像头模组及电子设备 - Google Patents

摄像头模组及电子设备 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021184245A1
WO2021184245A1 PCT/CN2020/079933 CN2020079933W WO2021184245A1 WO 2021184245 A1 WO2021184245 A1 WO 2021184245A1 CN 2020079933 W CN2020079933 W CN 2020079933W WO 2021184245 A1 WO2021184245 A1 WO 2021184245A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
camera module
path changing
changing element
lens group
image sensor
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Application number
PCT/CN2020/079933
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
朱丽冰
Original Assignee
南昌欧菲光电技术有限公司
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Publication date
Application filed by 南昌欧菲光电技术有限公司 filed Critical 南昌欧菲光电技术有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/079933 priority Critical patent/WO2021184245A1/zh
Publication of WO2021184245A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021184245A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60—Control of cameras or camera modules

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the field of camera technology, in particular to a camera module, and also provides an electronic device with the camera module.
  • the dual-camera function camera module in the traditional technology realizes zooming by switching different optical components.
  • Different lens groups are used, and these lens groups need corresponding fixed structures for positioning.
  • the number of components is large, which leads to The internal structure of the group is complicated.
  • zooming can be achieved, the change in zoom magnification is limited, and the zooming effect is mediocre.
  • a camera module is provided.
  • a camera module includes a first imaging module, wherein the first imaging module includes: a lens group; at least two image sensors, in the direction of the optical axis of the lens group, at least two of the image sensors Located on the image side of the lens group and at different positions; the first optical path changing element is movably arranged between the lens group and at least two of the image sensors, and is used to change the output from the lens group.
  • the transmission direction of light is directed to different image sensors, and when the different image sensors are paired with the lens group, imaging units with different equivalent focal lengths are formed.
  • An electronic device includes the camera module of the foregoing embodiment.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module in a working state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the camera module of FIG. 1 in another working state.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a control system of a first optical path changing element of the camera module of FIG. 1.
  • Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the anti-shake principle of the camera module.
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a camera module according to another embodiment of the present invention.
  • the invention provides a camera module, which can be applied to electronic devices such as mobile phones and tablets.
  • a camera module 100 includes a first imaging module 10.
  • the first imaging module 10 includes a housing 110, a lens group 120 arranged in the housing 110, at least two image sensors, and a first optical path changing element 140.
  • FIG. 1 illustrates a situation where two image sensors are provided, namely the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132, but the number of image sensors is not limited to two, and includes more than two cases.
  • the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132 are arranged on the same side of the lens group 120. Specifically, the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132 are all located on the image side of the lens group 120.
  • the image side refers to the side of the camera module 100 far away from the object to be photographed when in use; corresponding to the image side, the object side refers to the side that is close to the object to be photographed when the camera module 100 is in use.
  • the first light path changing element 140 is movably disposed between the lens group 120 and at least two image sensors.
  • the first light path changing element 140 is movable, and can change the transmission direction of the light emitted from the lens group 120 so that it is directed to different image sensors.
  • the first optical path changing element 140 may be rotated, or may be translated along the optical axis Z direction.
  • the light A emitted from the lens group 120 passes through the first optical path changing element 140 and then is directed to the first image sensor 131 or the second image sensor 132.
  • the first image sensor 131 and the lens group 120 constitute a first imaging unit, and the first imaging unit has a first equivalent focal length.
  • the second image sensor 132 and the lens group 120 constitute a second imaging unit.
  • the two imaging units have a second equivalent focal length, and the second equivalent focal length is different from the first equivalent focal length.
  • the equivalent focal length refers to the diagonal length of the image area of the camera's image sensor chip.
  • the actual focal length of the lens corresponds to 35mm The focal length of the camera lens.
  • the first image sensor 131 and the lens group 120 form a first equivalent focal length.
  • the imaging unit, the second image sensor 132 and the lens group 120 constitute a second imaging unit with a second equivalent focal length, and the first equivalent focal length and the second equivalent focal length are different. In this way, when the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132 are switched, the equivalent focal length of the camera module 100 changes.
  • the light emitted by the lens group 120 is directed to different image sensors through the rotation of the first optical path changing element 140 to realize the switching of different equivalent focal lengths, thereby realizing the effect of different zoom magnifications.
  • the same lens group 120 is used. Compared with the traditional technology, a different lens group needs to be used, which simplifies the internal structure of the camera module.
  • the camera module 100 can achieve more effects of different zoom magnifications by switching the image sensors.
  • the first equivalent focal length of the first imaging unit and the second equivalent focal length of the second imaging unit are different, and there may be multiple implementation manners.
  • the shape and size (ie size) of the second image sensor 132 of the first image sensor 131 are set to be different, so that when the light emitted by the lens group 120 is imaged on the second image sensor 132 of the first image sensor 131 The effect is different, and the calculated equivalent focal length is different.
  • the first optical path changing element 140 it is possible to switch between different image sensors and lens groups 120 to be used in pairs, so as to achieve the effect of different zoom magnifications.
  • the second image sensor 132 of the first image sensor 131 may be set to have a different size but the same shape.
  • the light emitted by the lens group 120 is in the first image sensor 13 and the second image sensor.
  • the effect of imaging on the 132 is different, and the calculated equivalent focal length is different.
  • the first light path changing element 140 can be rotated to guide the light A emitted from the lens group 120 to the first image sensor 131 or the second image sensor 132 while the position is changed.
  • the first optical path changing element 140 is a prism with only one reflective surface 141.
  • the first light path changing element 140 includes a reflective surface 141, a first light incident surface 142 and a second light incident surface 143. More specifically, the prism is a right-angle prism, and the reflective surface 141 is the surface corresponding to the hypotenuse.
  • the reflective surface 141 of the first light path changing element 140 is at its first position, the first light incident surface 142 is close to the lens group 120, and the light A emitted by the lens group 120 is emitted from the first light incident surface 142. It enters the prism, is reflected by the reflective surface 141, is emitted through the second light incident surface 143, and then is directed toward the first image sensor 131. As shown in FIG. 2, after the first light path changing element 140 is rotated by 90 degrees, the light A emitted from the lens group 120 enters the prism from the second light incident surface 143, is reflected by the reflective surface 141, and passes through the first light incident surface. 142 is emitted to the second image sensor 132.
  • the first optical path changing element 140 may also be a flat reflective lens with a coating on the back side.
  • the position of the reflective surface 141 is changed, so that the light emitted from the lens group 120 can be directed to the first image sensor 131 or the second image sensor 132, thereby achieving different zoom magnifications. Effect.
  • the first light path changing element 140 can be arranged in the housing 110 of the camera module 100 to be translated along the optical axis Z direction, and at least two image sensors are arranged in sequence along the optical axis and located in the first light path changing direction. Same side of element 140. As shown in FIG. 5, still taking the setting of the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132 as an example, in specific settings, the first light path changing element 140, the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132 are all located in the lens group 120. On the image side, the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132 are both located on the same side of the first light path changing element 140, and the first light path changing element 140 is a right-angle prism. Specifically, as shown in FIG.
  • the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132 are located on the same side of the second light incident surface 143 of the first light path changing element 140, and the second light of the first light path changing element 140
  • the incident surface 143 is opposite to the first image sensor 131.
  • the first image sensor 131 and the lens group 120 are paired for use.
  • the second light incident surface 143 will move to a position opposite to the second image sensor 132, so that the second image sensor 132 and the lens group 120 are paired for use.
  • the light emitted by the lens group 120 can be directed to the first image sensor 131 or the second image sensor 132, thereby achieving the effect of different zoom magnifications.
  • the first light path changing element 140 is rotatably arranged in the housing 110 of the camera module.
  • the purpose of switching the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 131 is achieved.
  • the rotation of the first optical path changing element 140 can be implemented in different ways.
  • the camera module 100 further includes a control device that controls the rotation of the first light path changing element 140.
  • the control device includes a driving mechanism 151 arranged in the housing 110.
  • the driving mechanism 151 is used to realize the rotation of the first optical path changing element 140.
  • the driving mechanism 151 may include a push rod controlled manually or electrically.
  • the manipulation button of the push rod is located outside the housing 10, and after being installed in the electronic device, the manipulation button is located outside the electronic device.
  • the push rod is an electric push rod
  • the driving motor of the electric push rod is controlled by the controller 152 on the main board of the electronic device.
  • the lens group 120 itself may also be a zoom lens group, and the lens group 120 includes a zoom lens group and a voice coil motor, and the type of the voice coil motor is not limited.
  • the controller 152 can also be used to control the zoom of the lens group 120.
  • the lens groups 120 may all be fixed-focus lens groups.
  • control device further includes a position sensor 153 provided in the housing 110.
  • the position sensor 153 is used to detect whether the first light path changing element 140 is rotated in place, and feedback a signal to the controller 152 to form a closed loop feedback control system.
  • the position sensor 153 may be a Hall sensor or a pressure sensor.
  • the Hall sensor or the pressure sensor is small in size, easy to be installed in the housing, and has the advantage of high sensitivity. It realizes precise control of the position of the first light path changing element 140 and realizes precise switching of the magnification of the camera module.
  • the inner wall of the housing 10 is provided with a position sensor 153 corresponding to the second position.
  • the controller 152 drives the first light path changing element 140 to rotate through the driving mechanism 151, and judges whether the first light path changing element 140 is rotated properly according to the signal feedback of the position sensor 153 , Thus forming a closed-loop feedback control system.
  • the second position is the best position of the first light path changing element 140 required by the magnification. If the first light path changing element 140 is not in place, the controller 153 fine-tunes the first light path changing element 140 through the driving mechanism 151.
  • another position sensor 153 is also provided on the inner wall of the housing 10 corresponding to the first position, and the position detection and adjustment method is the same as the above process, and will not be repeated.
  • the number of image sensors is two, that is, it includes a first image sensor 131 and a second image sensor 132.
  • the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132 are arranged in parallel and located on both sides of the optical axis Z, and the first optical path changing element 140 is located between the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132.
  • the first image sensor 131 and the second image sensor 132 can be fixed to two opposite inner walls of the housing 10, respectively.
  • the size of the camera module 100 in the optical axis Z direction of the lens group 120 is relatively compact, which on the one hand can improve the overall structure Compactness, on the other hand, facilitates miniaturization of the overall structure.
  • the number of image sensors can be more than two, and the setting method is not limited. In a possible implementation manner, multiple image sensors may be arranged in a circumferential direction around the optical axis.
  • a light inlet 112 is provided on the wall of the housing 110.
  • the camera module 100 further includes a second optical path changing element 160.
  • the second optical path changing element 160 is disposed in the housing 100 on the other side of the lens group 120 opposite to the first optical path changing element 140, that is, on the object side of the lens group 120.
  • the second light path changing element 160 is specifically a right-angled edge and has a light incident surface 161 and a light output surface 162 perpendicular to each other.
  • the light incident surface 161 is arranged to face the light entrance hole 112 and is parallel to the optical axis Z, and the light output surface 162 faces The lens group 120, and the light-emitting surface 162 is perpendicular to the optical axis Z.
  • the camera module 100 is formed as a periscope camera module, and the periscope camera module has different zoom magnifications.
  • the periscope camera module of the above embodiment may be a normal camera module without an anti-shake function, or a camera module with an optical anti-shake function.
  • the camera module 100 further includes a first anti-shake mechanism and a second anti-shake mechanism, which are respectively used to realize the first direction anti-shake and the second direction anti-shake.
  • the first direction anti-shake function is realized by rotating the second optical path changing element 160; the second direction anti-shake function is realized by moving the lens group 120.
  • the posture of the camera module 100 shown in FIG. 4 is a side view of the camera module 100, and illustrates the directions of the X, Y, and Z coordinate axes, and the Z axis coincides with the optical axis Z of the lens group 120.
  • the first direction anti-shake means that the second light path changing element 160 is rotated about the first axis 171 perpendicular to the Z axis, and the rotation direction is shown by the arrow R1 in FIG. 4, so that the light incident surface of the second light path changing element 160
  • the position of the 161 in the Y-axis direction can be fine-tuned to compensate for image blur caused by the camera module 100 shaking in the Y-axis direction.
  • the Y-axis direction refers to the up and down direction, and is also the height direction of the electronic device when the electronic device is held in hand for long-range shooting. Therefore, the first direction anti-shake is achieved by rotating the second optical path changing element 160 to achieve the adjustment of the position of the light incident surface 161 in the Y-axis direction.
  • the first shaft 171 and the light incident surface 161 are arranged to be parallel, that is, the axis of the first shaft 171 is parallel to the light incident surface 310.
  • the second light path changing element 160 rotates in a first plane around the first axis 171 in the direction shown by the arrow R1.
  • the first direction anti-shake can be defined as the Y-axis anti-shake function.
  • Anti-shake in the second direction means that the lens group 120 is translated along the second axis, that is, the X-axis, so as to compensate for image blur caused by the camera module 100 shaking in the X-axis direction.
  • the X-axis direction is the direction perpendicular to the drawing surface, and the X-axis is perpendicular to the Z-axis. It can be understood that when the lens group 120 is translated, it is translated in a second plane perpendicular to the Z axis, and the second plane is perpendicular to the first plane.
  • the second direction anti-shake can be defined as the anti-shake work in the X-axis direction.
  • the first anti-shake mechanism is used to drive the second light path changing element 160 to rotate, so as to realize the anti-shake function in the first direction.
  • the first anti-shake and anti-shake mechanism includes a first shaft 171 rotatably connected to a second optical path changing element 160, a first magnetic element 172, and a second magnetic element 173.
  • a shaft 171 is supported by the housing 110.
  • the first magnetic element 172 and the second optical path changing element 160 are fixedly connected directly or through an intermediate element, and the second magnetic element 173 is fixed to the inner wall of the housing 110. At least one of the first magnetic element 172 and the second magnetic element 173 is an electromagnetic unit.
  • the electromagnetic unit is a unit that generates magnetic force after being energized, such as an electromagnetic coil.
  • the first magnetic element 172 is a magnet
  • the second magnetic element 173 is an electromagnetic coil
  • the arrangement of the first magnetic element 172 and the second magnetic element 1732 may also be: the first magnetic element 172 is an electromagnetic coil, and the second magnetic element 173 is a magnet; or the first magnetic element 172 and the second magnetic element 172 The magnetic elements 173 are all electromagnetic coils.
  • the second optical path changing element 160 is rotated by an electromagnetic drive to achieve anti-shake in the Y-axis direction.
  • the large translation mechanism in the Y-axis direction realizes the Y-axis anti-shake function and facilitates the thinning of the camera module.
  • shape memory alloy technology, stepping motors, piezoelectric motors, etc. can also be used to drive the second light path changing element 160, as long as the second light path changing element 160 can be rotated.
  • the second direction anti-shake mechanism 180 is used to drive the lens group 120 to translate.
  • a driving mechanism may be provided to drive the lens group 120 to translate in the X-axis direction to compensate for image blur caused by the camera module 100 shaking in the X-axis direction.
  • the type of the driving mechanism is not limited, as long as it can drive the lens group 120 to translate in the X-axis direction to compensate for image blur caused by the camera module 100 shaking in the X-axis direction.
  • the driving mechanism may be a linear motor, a solenoid, or the like.
  • the camera module 100 may further include a second imaging module 20.
  • the first imaging module 10 is configured as a telephoto imaging module
  • the second imaging module 20 is configured as a wide-angle imaging module.
  • the first imaging module 10 is a telephoto imaging module, which has the characteristics of small viewing angle, low pixels, and long focal length.
  • the second imaging module 20 is a wide-angle imaging module, which has the characteristics of large viewing angle, high pixels, and short focal length.
  • the concepts of wide-angle and telephoto are well known to those skilled in the art, and will not be repeated here.
  • the second imaging module 20 is placed on one side of the first imaging module 10, where the second imaging module 20 may have an independent housing 201, and the housing 201 is provided with a lens group 202 and a third image sensor. 203.
  • the housing 201 and the housing 110 are fixed together to form a camera module 100 with dual lenses.
  • the lens group 202 and the third image sensor 203 of the second imaging module 20 may also be arranged in the housing 110.
  • the wide-angle imaging module and the telephoto imaging module are used together to achieve only one optical zoom magnification.
  • the camera module 100 of the above embodiment uses the wide-angle imaging module, that is, the second imaging module 20 for shooting at regular distances. When it is necessary to shoot distant scenes, such as close-ups of trees in the distance, it can be switched to the telephoto imaging mode.
  • the group is the first imaging module 10.
  • an optical zoom is simulated, that is, a similar optical zoom.
  • the first imaging module 10 has two different zoom magnifications. Therefore, the first imaging module 10 and the second imaging module 20 can be used in combination to achieve two different optical zoom magnifications, which is better than the traditional optical zoom. Has obvious advantages.
  • the number of image sensors of the first imaging module 10 is larger, more different optical zoom magnifications can be achieved.
  • An embodiment of the present invention also provides an electronic device including the camera module 100 of any of the foregoing embodiments.
  • the electronic device can be a smart mobile terminal such as a mobile phone or a tablet, or a camera device, such as a digital camera.
  • the first light path changing element 140 can make the light emitted from the lens group 120 be directed to different image sensors, realize the switching of different equivalent focal lengths, and thus realize the effect of different zoom magnifications.
  • the same lens group 120 is used. Compared with the traditional technology, a different lens group needs to be used, which simplifies the internal structure of the camera module.

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Abstract

本申请涉及一种电子设备及其摄像头模组，摄像头模组包括第一成像模组，其中所述第一成像模组包括:透镜组；至少两个图像传感器，在所述透镜组的光轴方向上，至少两个所述图像传感器，位于所述透镜组的像侧且处于不同的位置；第一光路改变元件，用于改变从所述透镜组射出的光的传输方向，以射向不同的所述图像传感器，不同的所述图像传感器与所述透镜组配对时形成等效焦距不同的成像单元。

Description

摄像头模组及电子设备 技术领域
本发明涉及摄像技术领域,特别是涉及一种摄像头模组，还提出一种具有这种摄像头模组的电子设备。
背景技术
传统技术中的双摄功能的摄像头模组，实现变焦都是切换不同光学组件来实现，使用到不同的透镜组，且这些透镜组需要相应的固定结构进行定位，零组件数量较多，导致模组内部结构复杂。此外，虽然能够实现变焦，但变焦倍率的变化有限，变焦效果一般。
发明内容
根据本申请的各种实施例，提供一种摄像头模组。
一种摄像头模组，包括第一成像模组，其中所述第一成像模组包括:透镜组；至少两个图像传感器，在所述透镜组的光轴方向上，至少两个所述图像传感器位于所述透镜组的像侧且处于不同的位置；第一光路改变元件，可活动地设置在所述透镜组与至少两个所述图像传感器之间，用于改变从所述透镜组射出的光的传输方向，以射向不同的所述图像传感器，不同的所述图像传感器与所述透镜组配对时形成等效焦距不同的成像单元。
一种电子设备，包括前述实施例的摄像头模组。
本申请的一个或多个实施例的细节在下面的附图和描述中提出。本申请的其他特征、目的和优点将从说明书、附图以及权利要求书变得明显。
附图说明
为了更好地描述和说明这里公开的那些发明的实施例或示例，可以参考一幅或多幅附图。用于描述附图的附加细节或示例不应当被认为是对所公开的发明、目前描述的实施例或示例以及目前理解的这些发明的最佳模式中的任何一者的范围的限制。
图1为本发明一实施例的摄像头模组的一种工作状态下的结构示意图。
图2为图1的摄像头模组的另一种工作状态下的结构示意图。
图3为图1的摄像头模组的第一光路改变元件的控制系统的示意图。
图4为摄像头模组的防抖原理示意图。
图5为本发明另一实施例的摄像头模组的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
为使本发明的上述目的、特征和优点能够更加明显易懂，下面结合附图对本发明的具体实施方式做详细的说明。在下面的描述中阐述了很多具体细节以便于充分理解本发明。但是本发明能够以很多不同于在此描述的其它方式来实施，本领域技术人员可以在不违背本发明内涵的情况下做类似改进，因此本发明不受下面公开的具体实施例的限制。
需要说明的是，当元件被称为“固定于”另一个元件，它可以直接在另一个元件上或者也可以存在居中的元件。当一个元件被认为是“连接”另一个元件，它可以是直接连接到另一个元件或者可能同时存在居中元件。
除非另有定义，本文所使用的所有的技术和科学术语与属于本发明的技术领域的技术人员通常理解的含义相同。本文中在本发明的说明书中所使用的术语只是为了描述具体的实施例的目的，不是旨在于限制本发明。本文所使用的术语“及/或”包括一个或多个相关的所列项目的任意的和所有的组合。
本发明提供一种摄像头模组，可以应用于手机、平板等电子设备。
如图1所示，本发明一实施例的摄像头模组100包括第一成像模组10。如图1所示，第一成像模组10包括壳体110、设置在壳体110内的透镜组120、至少两个图像传感器和第一光路改变元件140。作为示例，图1中示意出了设置两个图像传感器的情形，分别为第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132，但图像传感器的数量不限于两个，也包括多于两个的情况。
本实施例中，在透镜组120的光轴Z方向上，第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132设置在透镜组120的同一侧，具体而言，第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132均位于透镜组120的像侧。像侧指摄像头模组100使用时远离被拍摄物体的一侧；与像侧相对应地，物侧指摄像头模组100使用时靠近被拍摄物体的一侧。
第一光路改变元件140可活动地设置在透镜组120与至少两个图像传感器之间。第一光路改变元件140可以活动，其能够改变自透镜组120射出的光的传输方向，使其射向不同的图像传感器。具体设置时，第一光路改变元件140可以是进行旋转，还可以是沿光轴Z方向进行平移。
具体到本实施例中，透镜组120射出的光A经第一光路改变元件140后射向第一图像传感器131或第二图像传感器132。如图1所示，当透镜组120射出的光射向第一图像传感器131，此时第一图像传感器131和透镜组120构成第一成像单元，该第一成像单元具有第一等效焦距。如图2 所示，第一光路改变元件140旋转90度后，透镜组120射出的光A射向第二图像传感器132时，第二图像传感器132和透镜组120构成第二成像单元，该第二成像单元具有第二等效焦距，第二等效焦距与第一等效焦距不同。当图像传感器的数量多于两个时，依次类推，将形成等效焦距不同的多个成像单元。
本发明的实施例中，等效焦距，是指相机图像传感器芯片影像区域对角线的长度，等效成35mm照相机画幅对角线长度(42.27mm)时，其镜头的实际焦距所对应的35mm照相机镜头的焦距。当第一图像传感器131的影像区域对角线的长度和第二图像传感器132的影像区域对角线的长度不同，这样第一图像传感器131和透镜组120构成具有第一等效焦距的第一成像单元，第二图像传感器132和透镜组120构成具有第二等效焦距的第二成像单元，第一等效焦距和第二等效焦距不同。这样，切换第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132时，摄像头模组100的等效焦距改变。
上述实施例中，通过第一光路改变元件140的转动，使透镜组120射出的光射向不同的图像传感器，实现不同等效焦距的切换，从而实现不同变焦倍率的效果。上述变焦的过程中，使用的是同一个透镜组120，较传统技术需要使用不同的透镜组，简化了摄像头模组的内部结构设置。当图像传感器的数量多于两个，摄像头模组100通过切换图像传感器，能够实现更多不同变焦倍率的效果。
第一成像单元的第一等效焦距和第二成像单元的第二等效焦距不同，实现方式可以有多种。具体设置时，第一图像传感器131的第二图像传感器132的外形、尺寸(即大小)均设置为不同，这样透镜组120射出的光在第一图像传感器131的第二图像传感器132上成像时的效果是不同的，计算出的等效焦距是不同的。从而，通过使第一光路改变元件140转动，实现切换不同的图像传感器与透镜组120配对使用，从而实现不同变焦倍率的效果。
此外，在其他的实施方式中，第一图像传感器131的第二图像传感器132可以设置为仅尺寸不同，但外形相同，此时透镜组120射出的光在第一图像传感器13和第二图像传感器132上成像时的效果是不同的，计算出的等效焦距是不同的。第一光路改变元件140可以转动，以在发生位置变化的同时将透镜组120射出的光A导向第一图像传感器131或第二图像传感器132。具体设置时，如图1和图2所示，第一光路改变元件140为仅设置一个反光面141的棱镜。具体的，第一光路改变元件140包括反光面141、第一光线射入面142和第二光线射入面143。更具体的，棱镜为直角棱镜，反光面141为斜边所对应的面。
如图1所示，第一光路改变元件140的反光面141在其第一位置，第一光线射入面142靠近透镜组120，透镜组120射出的光A从第一光线射入面142射入棱镜，经反光面141反射后，经第二光线射入面143射出后射向第一图像传感器131。如图2所示，第一光路改变元件140转动90度后，透镜组120射出的光A从第二光线射入面143射入棱镜，经反光面141反射后，经第一光线射入面142射出至第二图像传感器132。此外，第一光路改变元件140还可以是背侧具有镀膜的平面反光镜片。
上述的实施例中，通过旋转第一光路改变元件140，改变反光面141的位置，使得透镜组120射出的光能够射向第一图像传感器131或第二图像传感器132，从而实现不同变焦倍率的效果。
在其他的实施例中，第一光路改变元件140可沿光轴Z方向平移地设置在摄像头模组100的壳体110内，至少两个图像传感器沿光轴方向依次排列且位于第一光路改变元件140的同一侧。如图5所示，仍以设置第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132为例，具体设置时，第一光路改变元件140、第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132均位于透镜组120的像侧，第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132则均位于第一光路改变元件140的同一侧，第一光路改变元件140为直角棱镜。具体的，如图5所示，第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132位于第一光路改变元件140的第二光线射入面143的同一侧，其中第一光路改变元件140的第二光线射入面143与第一图像传感器131相对，此时第一图像传感器131与透镜组120配对使用。当向右移动第一光路改变元件140后，第二光线射入面143将运动至与第二图像传感器132相对的位置，使第二图像传感器132与透镜组120配对使用。
上述实施例中，通过平移第一光路改变元件140，使得透镜组120射出的光能够射向第一图像传感器131或第二图像传感器132，从而实现不同变焦倍率的效果。
如图1、图2所示，第一光路改变元件140可旋转地设置在摄像头模组的壳体110内。通过旋转第一光路改变元件140，实现切换第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器131的目的。其中，第一光路改变元件140的旋转可以有不同的方式实现。
如图1和图3所示，一可能的实施方式中，摄像头模组100还包括控制第一光路改变元件140旋转的控制装置，控制装置包括设置在壳体110中的驱动机构151，驱动机构151用于实现第一光路改变元件140旋转。
驱动机构151可以包括手动或电动控制的推杆。当为手动控制时，推杆的操控按钮位于壳体10外部，安装至电子设备后，该操控按钮位于电子 设备的外部。
当为电动控制时，推杆为电动推杆，电动推杆的驱动电机则由电子设备的主板上的控制器152来控制。此外，透镜组120本身也可以为变焦透镜组，透镜组120中包括变焦镜片组和音圈马达，音圈马达的类型不限制。此时控制器152还可以用以控制透镜组120变焦。当然，透镜组120也可以均是定焦透镜组。
进一步地，控制装置还包括设置在壳体110中的位置传感器153。位置传感器153用以检测第一光路改变元件140是否转动到位，并反馈信号给控制器152，形成闭环反馈控制系统。具体设置时，位置传感器153可以为霍尔传感器或压力传感器。霍尔传感器或压力传感器体积小，便于设置在外壳中，且具有灵敏度高的优点，实现对第一光路改变元件140位置的精准控制，实现精准切换摄像头模组倍率。
以第一光路改变元件140由第一位置转动至第二位置为例，壳体10的内壁对应第二位置设置有位置传感器153。当用户选择的倍率为第二成像单元所能提供的倍率时，控制器152通过驱动机构151驱动第一光路改变元件140旋转，根据位置传感器153的信号反馈判断第一光路改变元件140旋转是否到位，如此形成闭环反馈控制系统。第二位置为该倍率所需要的第一光路改变元件140的最佳位置，如果第一光路改变元件140不到位，则控制器153通过驱动机构151微调第一光路改变元件140。同样地，壳体10的内壁对应第一位置也设置有另一位置传感器153，位置检测及调整的方式与上述过程相同，不再赘述。
上述的实施例摄像头模组100中，图像传感器的数量为两个，即包括第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132。具体设置时，第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132平行布置且位于光轴Z的两侧，第一光路改变元件140位于第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132之间。第一图像传感器131和第二图像传感器132可分别固定于壳体10的两相对的内壁，摄像头模组100在透镜组120的光轴Z方向上的尺寸相对紧凑，一方面能够提高整体结构的紧凑性，另一方面便于实现整体结构的小型化。图像传感器的数量可以多于两个，设置方式不限制。一种可能的实施方式中，多个图像传感器可以绕光轴沿圆周方向布置。
在以上实施例的基础上，如图1所示，壳体110的壁上设置有进光孔112。摄像头模组100还进一步包括第二光路改变元件160。第二光路改变元件160设置在壳体100内位于透镜组120的背对第一光路改变元件140的另一侧，即位于透镜组120的物侧。第二光路改变元件160具体为直角棱角，具有彼此垂直的入光面161和出光面162，其中入光面161设置为 面对进光孔112且与光轴Z平行，出光面162则面对透镜组120，且出光面162与光轴Z垂直。通过上述手段，摄像头模组100形成为一潜望式摄像头模组，且该潜望式摄像头模组具备不同的变焦倍率。
上述实施例的潜望式摄像头模组,可以是普通的不具备防抖功能的普通摄像头模组，也可以还是具有光学防抖功能的摄像头模组。
为了实现光学防抖功能，摄像头模组100还包括第一防抖机构和第二防抖机构，分别用以实现第一方向防抖和第二方向防抖。具体的，如图1所示，摄像头模组100中，通过旋转第二光路改变元件160实现第一方向防抖功能；通过移动透镜组120实现第二方向防抖功能。
图4所示的摄像头模组100的姿态是摄像头模组100的侧视图，且示意出了X、Y、Z坐标轴的方向，Z轴与透镜组120的光轴Z重合。其中，第一方向防抖，指使第二光路改变元件160绕垂直于Z轴的第一轴171转动，旋转方向如图4中箭头R1所示，以使第二光路改变元件160的入光面161在Y轴方向上的位置得以微调，从而补偿摄像头模组100在Y轴方向抖动造成的图像模糊。Y轴方向指上下方向，也是手持电子设备进行远景拍摄时的电子设备的高度方向。因此，第一方向防抖是通过旋转第二光路改变元件160的方式，实现入光面161在Y轴方向位置的调整。具体设置时，第一轴171与入光面161设置为是平行的，即第一轴171的轴线与入光面310平行。并且可以理解，第二光路改变元件160绕第一轴171绕箭头R1所示方向在一第一平面内转动。第一方向防抖可定义为Y轴方向防抖功能。
第二方向防抖，指使透镜组120沿第二轴也即X轴平移，以补偿摄像头模组100在X轴方向抖动造成的图像模糊。其中，X轴方向为垂直于图面的方向，X轴垂直于Z轴。可以理解，透镜组120平移时是在垂直于Z轴的第二平面内平移，第二平面与第一平面垂直。第二方向防抖可定义为X轴方向防抖功。
第一防抖机构用于带动第二光路改变元件160转动，以实现第一方向防抖功能。一种可能的实施方式中，如图1所示，第一防抖防抖机构包括与第二光路改变元件160转动连接的第一轴171、第一磁性元件172和第二磁性元件173，第一轴171支撑于壳体110。第一磁性元件172与第二光路改变元件160直接或通过中间元件固定连接，第二磁性元件173则固定于壳体110的内壁。第一磁性元件172和第二磁性元件173中的至少一个为电磁单元，通过第一磁性元件172和第二磁性元件173的配合，带动第二光路改变元件160在一个第一平面内转动，使得第二光路改变元件160的入光面161的位置在Y轴方向上改变，从而实现第一方向防抖。电磁单 元为通电后产生磁力的单元，例如电磁线圈。其中，一具体的方案中，第一磁性元件172为磁石，第二磁性元件173为电磁线圈，二者位置对应。在其他的实施例中，第一磁性元件172和第二磁性元件1732的设置还可以是：第一磁性元件172为电磁线圈，第二磁性元件173为磁石；或者第一磁性元件172和第二磁性元件173均为电磁线圈。
上述实施例中，通过电磁驱动方式使第二光路改变元件160转动而实现Y轴方向防抖，第二光路改变元件160不需要在Y轴方向上有较大的平移距离，也不需要设置在Y轴方向上尺寸较大的平移机构，因此实现Y轴防抖功能且利于实现摄像头模组的薄型化。在其他的实施例中，也可以采用形状记忆合金技术、步进式马达及压电马达等方式驱动第二光路改变元件160，只要能够使第二光路改变元件160转动即可。
如图1所示，第二方向防抖机构180用以带动透镜组120平移。具体设置时，可以设置驱动机构驱动透镜组120在X轴方向上平移，以补偿摄像头模组100在X轴方向抖动造成的图像模糊。该驱动机构类型不限制，只要能够驱动透镜组120在X轴方向上平移即可，以补偿摄像头模组100在X轴方向抖动造成的图像模糊。例如，驱动机构可以为直线马达、螺线管等。
如图1所示，在以上实施例的基础上，摄像头模组100还可以进一步包括第二成像模组20。其中，第一成像模组10设置为长焦成像模组，第二成像模组20则设置为广角成像模组。第一成像模组10为长焦成像模组，具有小视角，低像素，长焦距的特点。第二成像模组20为广角成像模组，具有大视角，高像素，短焦距的特点。广角和长焦的概念本身为本领域技术人员所熟知，此处不再赘述。
具体设置时，第二成像模组20置于第一成像模组10的一侧，其中第二成像模组20可以是具有独立的外壳201，外壳201内设有镜片组202和第三图像传感器203。外壳201与壳体110固定在一起形成具有双镜头的摄像头模组100。另外，第二成像模组20的镜片组202和第三图像传感器203也可以是设置在壳体110内。
传统技术中，广角成像模组和长焦成像模组配合使用，仅能实现一个类光学变焦倍率。而上述实施例的摄像头模组100，常规距离拍摄时，采用广角成像模组即第二成像模组20拍摄，当需要拍摄远景，比如把远方的树木等加以特写，可以切换为长焦成像模组即第一成像模组10。通过切换第一成像模组10和第二成像模组20，模拟实现光学变焦，即类光学变焦。而第一成像模组10具有两个不同的变焦倍率，因此，第一成像模组10和第二成像模组20搭配使用，能够实现两个不同的类光学变焦倍率，较传统 技术的光学变焦具有明显的优势。并且，当第一成像模组10的图像传感器数量更多时，能够实现更多不同的类光学变焦倍率。
本发明的一实施例还提出了一种电子设备，包括前述任一实施例的摄像头模组100。电子设备可以是手机、平板等智能移动终端，还可以是摄像设备，如数码相机。
本实施例的电子设备中，第一光路改变元件140能够使透镜组120射出的光能够射向不同的图像传感器，实现不同等效焦距的切换，从而实现不同变焦倍率的效果。上述变焦的过程中，使用的是同一个透镜组120，较传统技术需要使用不同的透镜组，简化了摄像头模组的内部结构设置。
以上所述实施例的各技术特征可以进行任意的组合，为使描述简洁，未对上述实施例中的各个技术特征所有可能的组合都进行描述，然而，只要这些技术特征的组合不存在矛盾，都应当认为是本说明书记载的范围。
以上所述实施例仅表达了本发明的几种实施方式，其描述较为具体和详细，但并不能因此而理解为对发明专利范围的限制。应当指出的是，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明构思的前提下，还可以做出若干变形和改进，这些都属于本发明的保护范围。因此，本发明专利的保护范围应以所附权利要求为准。

Claims (16)

  1. 一种摄像头模组，其特征在于，包括第一成像模组，其中所述第一成像模组包括:
    透镜组；
    至少两个图像传感器，在所述透镜组的光轴方向上，至少两个所述图像传感器位于所述透镜组的像侧且处于不同的位置；
    第一光路改变元件，可活动地设置在所述透镜组与至少两个所述图像传感器之间，用于改变从所述透镜组射出的光的传输方向，以射向不同的所述图像传感器，不同的所述图像传感器与所述透镜组配对时形成等效焦距不同的成像单元。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，至少两个所述图像传感器的外形和/或尺寸不同。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第一光路改变元件可旋转地设置在所述摄像头模组的壳体内，所述摄像头模组还包括控制所述第一光路改变元件旋转的控制装置，所述控制装置包括设置在所述摄像头模组的壳体内、用于驱动所述第一光路改变元件旋转的驱动机构,和检测所述第一光路改变元件位置的位置传感器,所述位置传感器设置于所述摄像头模组的壳体的内壁。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述位置传感器为霍尔传感器或压力传感器。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，至少两个所述图像传感器的数量为两个，分别定义为第一图像传感器和第二图像传感器，所述第一图像传感器和第二图像传感器位于所述透镜组的光轴的两侧，所述第一光路改变元件位于所述第一图像传感器和第二图像传感器之间。
  6. 根据权利要求3所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第一光路改变元件具有反光面，所述反光面具有将自从所述透镜组射出的光分别反射至所述第一图像传感器的第一位置和所述第二图像传感器的第二位置。
  7. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第一光路改变元件沿所述光轴方向可平移地设置在所述摄像头模组的壳体内，至少两个所述图像传感器沿所述光轴方向依次排列且位于所述第一光路改变元件的同一侧。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组还包括设置在所述摄像头模组的壳体内的第二光路改变元件，所述第二光路改变元件位于所述透镜组的背对第一光路改变元件的另一侧，所述第二光路改变元件具有入光面和出光面，所述出光面设置为面对所述透镜组，所述入光面与所述光轴平行，所述出光面与所述光轴垂直。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组 还包括第一防抖机构，所述第一防抖机构用于带动所述第二光路改变元件绕一垂直于所述光轴的第一轴转动，且所述第一轴平行于所述入光面。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组还包括第二防抖机构，所述第二防抖机构用于带动所述透镜组沿垂直于所述光轴的第二轴平移，且所述第二轴平行于所述第一轴。
  11. 根据权利要求9所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第一防抖防抖机构包括与第二光路改变元件转动连接的第一轴、第一磁性元件和第二磁性元件1，第一轴支撑于壳体，第一磁性元件与第二光路改变元件固定连接，第二磁性元件则固定于壳体的内壁，第一磁性元件和第二磁性元件中的至少一个为电磁单元，通过第一磁性元件和第二磁性元件的配合，带动第二光路改变元件转动。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第一磁性元为磁石，所述第二磁性元件为电磁线圈。
  13. 根据权利要求10所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述第二防抖机构包括驱动机构，用于驱动所述透镜组平移。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述驱动结构为直线马达或螺线管。
  15. 根据权利要求1所述的摄像头模组，其特征在于，所述摄像头模组还包括第二成像模组，所述第二成像模组置于所述第一成像模组的一侧，其中所示第二成像模组为广角成像模组，所述第一成像模组为长焦成像模组。
  16. 一种电子设备，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1-15任一项所述的摄像头模组。
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