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WO2021168786A1 - 曝光单元、镜头组件、拍摄设备及曝光单元的组装方法 - Google Patents

曝光单元、镜头组件、拍摄设备及曝光单元的组装方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021168786A1
WO2021168786A1 PCT/CN2020/077170 CN2020077170W WO2021168786A1 WO 2021168786 A1 WO2021168786 A1 WO 2021168786A1 CN 2020077170 W CN2020077170 W CN 2020077170W WO 2021168786 A1 WO2021168786 A1 WO 2021168786A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
hole
exposure unit
aperture blade
base
aperture
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2020/077170
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
夏龙光
张松
徐永旺
Original Assignee
深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 filed Critical 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司
Priority to PCT/CN2020/077170 priority Critical patent/WO2021168786A1/zh
Priority to CN202080004126.XA priority patent/CN112513731B/zh
Publication of WO2021168786A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021168786A1/zh

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B9/00—Exposure-making shutters; Diaphragms
    • G03B9/02—Diaphragms
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00—Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • G03B17/02—Bodies
    • G03B17/12—Bodies with means for supporting objectives, supplementary lenses, filters, masks, or turrets
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03B—APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B9/00—Exposure-making shutters; Diaphragms
    • G03B9/02—Diaphragms
    • G03B9/06—Two or more co-operating pivoted blades, e.g. iris type

Definitions

  • This application relates to the field of optical imaging, and in particular to an assembling method of an exposure unit, a lens assembly, a photographing device, and an exposure unit.
  • the aperture and shutter in the lens are often made into two relatively independent modules, collectively called the exposure unit, which is used to control the amount of light entering the lens.
  • the exposure unit may sequentially include a shutter base, an aperture blade, an aperture movable ring, and an aperture fixing ring.
  • the guide rod on the aperture fixing ring passes through the aperture blade to fix the aperture blade on the shutter base.
  • the exposure unit with this structure layout requires two elements, the aperture fixing ring and the shutter base, to install the aperture blade, which makes the size (thickness) of the exposure unit in the optical axis direction larger, which is not conducive to the miniaturization of the lens.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an assembling method of an exposure unit, a lens assembly, a photographing device, and an exposure unit.
  • the exposure unit of the embodiment of the present application includes a base, a plurality of aperture blades, a light shielding member, and a movable member arranged in sequence.
  • the base includes a first side and a second side opposite to each other, the base is provided with a first through hole penetrating the first side and the second side, and the second side is provided with a shutter Preset space for blade movement.
  • a plurality of the aperture blades are arranged around the first through hole, and are respectively installed on the first side through a connector on the base or a connector on each of the aperture blades.
  • the shading member is fixed on the first side and is provided with a second through hole.
  • the movable part is arranged on the first side, and the movable part is provided with a third through hole, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole are respectively corresponding and all provided for The optical axis of the exposure unit passes through.
  • the movable member can rotate around the optical axis, and when rotating, can drive a plurality of the aperture blades to rotate around the connecting member to at least partially block or at least partially open the first through hole.
  • the lens assembly of the embodiment of the present application includes a plurality of lens groups and an exposure unit, and the exposure unit is arranged between the plurality of lens groups.
  • the exposure unit includes a base, a plurality of aperture blades, a light-shielding member, and a movable member arranged in sequence.
  • the base includes a first side and a second side opposite to each other, the base is provided with a first through hole penetrating the first side and the second side, and the second side is provided with a shutter Preset space for blade movement.
  • a plurality of the aperture blades are arranged around the first through hole, and are respectively installed on the first side through a connector on the base or a connector on each of the aperture blades.
  • the shading member is fixed on the first side and is provided with a second through hole.
  • the movable part is arranged on the first side, and the movable part is provided with a third through hole, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole are respectively corresponding and all provided for The optical axis of the exposure unit passes through.
  • the movable member can rotate around the optical axis, and when rotating, can drive a plurality of the aperture blades to rotate around the connecting member to at least partially block or at least partially open the first through hole.
  • the photographing device of the embodiment of the present application includes an image sensor and a lens assembly, and the image sensor is used to convert an optical signal passing through the lens assembly into an electrical signal for imaging.
  • the lens assembly includes a plurality of lens groups and an exposure unit, and the exposure unit is arranged between the plurality of lens groups.
  • the exposure unit includes a base, a plurality of aperture blades, a light-shielding member, and a movable member arranged in sequence.
  • the base includes a first side and a second side opposite to each other, the base is provided with a first through hole penetrating the first side and the second side, and the second side is provided with a shutter Preset space for blade movement.
  • a plurality of the aperture blades are arranged around the first through hole, and are respectively installed on the first side through a connector on the base or a connector on each of the aperture blades.
  • the shading member is fixed on the first side and is provided with a second through hole.
  • the movable part is arranged on the first side, and the movable part is provided with a third through hole, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the third through hole are respectively corresponding and all provided for The optical axis of the exposure unit passes through.
  • the movable member can rotate around the optical axis, and when rotating, can drive a plurality of the aperture blades to rotate around the connecting member to at least partially block or at least partially open the first through hole.
  • the assembling method of the exposure unit of the embodiment of the present application includes arranging a plurality of aperture blades on the first side of the base around the first through hole through the connecting member;
  • the second through hole corresponds to the first through hole of the base; and
  • the movable part is installed on the first side, and the third through hole of the movable part corresponds to the second through hole.
  • a plurality of aperture blades can be installed on the base through the connector, and there is no need to add an additional element to cooperate with the base to install the aperture.
  • the blade reduces the size of the exposure unit in the direction of the optical axis, which is conducive to miniaturization of the exposure unit, the lens assembly, and the photographing equipment.
  • the aperture blade of the embodiment of the present application is directly installed on the base through the connector, avoiding the installation of the aperture blade in the narrow space formed between the additional element and the base, reducing the installation difficulty of the aperture blade, and improving the exposure. The assembly efficiency of the unit, lens assembly, and shooting equipment.
  • FIG. 1 is an exploded schematic diagram of an exposure unit in one direction of some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic view of the exposure unit in another direction of some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an aperture blade according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a lens assembly according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a photographing device according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • 6 to 11 are schematic diagrams of an assembling method of an exposure unit according to some embodiments of the present application.
  • FIGS 12 to 15 are schematic diagrams of the installation method of the aperture blade in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the exposure unit 100 includes a base 10, a plurality of aperture blades 20, a light-shielding member 30, and a movable member 40 arranged in sequence.
  • the base 10 includes a first side 101 and a second side 102 opposite to each other.
  • the base 10 is provided with a first through hole 103 penetrating the first side 101 and the second side 102, and the second side 102 is provided with a shutter blade 603.
  • a plurality of aperture blades 20 are arranged around the first through hole 103 and are respectively installed on the first side 101 via the connecting piece 105 on the base 10 or the connecting piece on each aperture blade 20.
  • the light shielding member 30 is fixed on the first side 101 and is provided with a second through hole 301.
  • the movable part 40 is arranged on the first side 101, and the movable part 40 is provided with a third through hole 401.
  • the first through hole 103, the second through hole 301, and the third through hole 401 correspond to each other and provide the optical axis of the exposure unit 100. OO' through.
  • the movable member 40 can rotate around the optical axis OO', and when rotating, can drive the plurality of aperture blades 20 to rotate around the connecting member 105 to at least partially block or at least partially open the first through hole 103.
  • the multiple aperture blades 20 in the exposure unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application can be installed on the base 10 through the connecting member 105, and there is no need to add an additional element to cooperate with the base 10 to install the aperture blade 20, thereby reducing
  • the size of the exposure unit 100 in the direction of the optical axis OO' facilitates the miniaturization of the exposure unit 100. That is, compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present application uses the shutter base and the aperture fixing ring as an integrated structure, and the base 10 is used to realize the installation of the shutter blade 603 and the aperture blade 20 on the base 10. , The increase in the size of the aperture fixing ring in the direction of the optical axis of the exposure unit 100 is reduced.
  • the aperture blade 20 of the embodiment of the present application is directly installed on the base 10 through the connector 105, which avoids installing the aperture blade 20 in the narrow space formed between the additional element and the base 10, and reduces the size of the aperture blade 20.
  • the difficulty of installation improves the assembling efficiency of the exposure unit 100. That is, due to the integration of the shutter base and the aperture fixing ring, the installation sequence of the various elements in the exposure unit 100 is changed. Compared with the prior art, the aperture blade 20 needs to be installed between the aperture fixing ring and the shutter base. In the embodiment of the present application, it is only necessary to sequentially install the base 10, the aperture blade 20, the light shielding member 30, and the movable member 30, and the installation space of the aperture blade 20 is not limited.
  • the base 10 may include a base body 11, which includes a first surface 111 and a second surface 112, and a second surface of the base body 11.
  • One surface 111 is located on the first side 101
  • the second surface 112 of the base body 11 is located on the second side 102
  • the preset space 104 for the movement of the shutter blade 603 is recessed inwardly from the second surface 112 of the base body 11.
  • the base 10 further includes a side wall 12 extending from the edge of the first surface 111 of the base body 11, and the side wall 12 and the base body 11 together form a receiving space 13.
  • the multiple aperture blades 20, the light shielding member 30 and the movable member 40 are all arranged in the containing space 13.
  • the exposure unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application forms a housing space 13 on the first side 101 of the base 10, and arranges the aperture blade 20, the light shielding member 30, and the movable part 40 in the housing space 13, so that the base 10 can be Provide protection for the aperture blade 20, the shading member 30 and the movable part 40.
  • a corresponding preset space 104 for the movement of the shutter blade 603 can be opened on the second surface 112 of the base body 11, which makes full use of The space on the base 10 is more conducive to the miniaturization of the exposure unit 100.
  • the base body 11 may be provided with a plurality of first guide holes 106, the first guide holes 106 are arc-shaped, and the plurality of first guide holes 106 may penetrate through the first surface 111 and the second surface of the base body 11.
  • a plurality of first guide holes 106 are arranged at intervals around the first through hole 103.
  • the plurality of connecting members 105 can extend from the first surface 111 of the base body 11 and are located in the accommodating space 13, the number of the plurality of connecting members 105 is the same as the number of the first guide holes 106, and the plurality of connecting members 105 are A plurality of first guide holes 106 are arranged alternately and spaced around the first through holes 103.
  • the connecting member 105 may be a connecting shaft 107.
  • the connecting member 105 may also have other shapes, for example, the connecting member 105 may be a connecting tube.
  • the number of connecting shafts 107 may be multiple, for example, the plurality of connecting shafts 107 may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more.
  • the side wall 12 of the base 10 is provided with a first notch 121 and a second notch 122.
  • At least two connecting posts 108 are provided on the first gap 121 and the second gap 122, one of the connection posts 108 is located at the first gap 121, and the other connection posts 108 are located at the second gap 122.
  • the number of the connecting pillars 108 is two
  • the two connecting pillars 108 are provided at the first gap 121 and the second gap 122 respectively.
  • the number of connecting pillars 108 is three
  • one of the three connecting pillars 108 is provided at the first notch 121
  • the remaining two connecting pillars 108 are provided at the second notch 122.
  • the side wall 12 of the base 10 is further provided with a third notch 123, wherein the third notch 123 is not connected to the first notch 121 and the second notch 122.
  • the inner surface of the side wall 12 of the base 10 is provided with a plurality of spherical protrusions 1010. Specifically, the number of the spherical protrusions 1010 may be two or more, and the plurality of spherical protrusions 1010 may be evenly distributed on the base.
  • the top surface 124 of the side wall 12 is provided with a plurality of first threaded holes 1011.
  • the number of the plurality of first threaded holes 1011 may be two, three, four, etc., and the plurality of first threaded holes 1011 may be It is evenly distributed on the top surface 124 of the side wall 12 and penetrates the first side 101 and the second side 102 of the base 10.
  • a first mounting hole 109 and a second mounting hole 1012 are also provided on the periphery of the second surface 112 of the base 10.
  • first mounting hole 109 does not penetrate the first side 101 of the base 10, and the The two mounting holes 1012 penetrate through the first side 101 and the second side 102 of the base 10, and the first mounting hole 109 and the second mounting hole 1012 are spaced apart and adjacent to each other.
  • the number of the plurality of aperture blades 20 may be two or more.
  • the number of aperture blades 20 may be 2, 3, 4, or 5. , 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more.
  • the number of aperture blades 20 is five.
  • the number of aperture blades 20 has a better effect of blocking or opening the first through hole 103; on the other hand, the production cost of the exposure unit 100 is higher. It is low and facilitates the installation of the aperture blade 20. That is, setting the number of aperture blades 20 at five is to achieve a balance between the light-intake control effect and the product cost.
  • each aperture blade 20 includes a tail 201 and a head 202, each aperture blade 20 can be provided with a second guide hole 203, each second guide hole 203 and the base 10
  • the first guide holes 106 correspond to each other and all have an arc shape.
  • Each aperture blade 20 is also provided with a connecting hole 204, and each connecting hole 204 corresponds to the connecting shaft 107 on the base 10.
  • the second guide hole 203 is located at the tail 201 of the aperture blade 20, and the connecting hole 204 is located between the head 202 and the tail 201 of the aperture blade 20.
  • Each aperture blade 20 can rotate around the connecting shaft 107 to partially block or partially open the first through hole 103.
  • the tail 201 of each aperture blade 20 and the base body 11 are respectively located on opposite sides of the head 202 of an adjacent aperture blade 20, and the head of each aperture blade 20 202 is located between the tail 201 of another adjacent aperture blade 20 and the base body 11. That is, the tail 201 of each aperture blade 20 is located above the head 202 of an adjacent aperture blade 20, and the head 202 of each aperture blade 20 is located below the tail 201 of another adjacent aperture blade 20. Taking the number of aperture blades 20 as five as an example for description.
  • the head 202 of the first aperture blade 21 is located between the tail 201 of the second aperture blade 22 and the base body 11, and the head 202 of the second aperture blade 22 is located between the tail 201 of the third aperture blade 23 and the base body 11.
  • the head 202 of the third aperture blade 23 is located between the tail 201 of the fourth aperture blade 24 and the base body 11, and the head 202 of the fourth aperture blade 24 is located between the tail 201 of the fifth aperture blade 25 and the base body 11.
  • the head 202 of the fifth aperture blade 25 is located between the tail 201 of the first aperture blade 21 and the base body 11.
  • the shading member 30 may include a shading member body 31 and at least two connecting arms 32.
  • the second through hole 301 is opened on the shading member body 31, and the shading member body 31 can also be provided with a plurality of third guide holes 302 penetrating therethrough, and the plurality of third guide holes 302 are arranged at intervals around the second through hole 301.
  • the plurality of third guide holes 302 correspond to the plurality of first guide holes 106 and the plurality of second guide holes 203 respectively, and all have an arc shape.
  • the plurality of third guide holes 302 may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more. In this embodiment, the number of third guide holes 302 is five.
  • the connecting shaft 107 may sequentially pass through the connecting hole 204 and the corresponding third guide hole 302, so that the light shielding member 30 can prevent the aperture blade 20 from winding.
  • the connecting shaft 107 rotates, it disengages from the connecting shaft 107.
  • the length of the third guide hole 302 may be greater than the length of the corresponding second guide hole 203. In this case, the connecting shaft 107 can better penetrate into the third guide hole 302.
  • the width of the third guide hole 302 may be greater than the width of the corresponding second guide hole 203.
  • At least two connecting arms 32 both protrude and extend from the periphery of the light shield body 31. At least two connecting arms 32 are combined with the base body 11.
  • the number of connecting arms 32 may be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 or more.
  • At least two connecting arms 32 are evenly distributed around the center of the second through hole 301. For example, when the number of connecting arms 32 is two, the two connecting arms 32 are symmetrical about the center of the light shield body 31 (that is, the center of the second through hole 301); when the number of connecting arms 32 is three, three
  • the connecting line of the connecting arms 32 can be an equilateral triangle.
  • At least two connecting arms 32 are evenly distributed around the center of the second through hole 301 so that when the shading member 30 is combined with the base body 11, the force of the shading member body 31 is more even, that is, the shading member body 31 is in contact with the base body 11 The combination is more stable.
  • the at least two connecting arms 32 may be non-uniformly distributed around the center of the second through hole 301 on the periphery of the shading member body 31, and are not limited to surrounding the center of the second through hole 301 in this embodiment. Evenly distributed.
  • At least two connecting arms 32 are non-uniformly distributed around the center of the second through hole 301 on the periphery of the shading member body 31, so that when the shading member 30 is combined with the base body 11, the shading member 30 must be installed in a specific direction.
  • the third guide hole 302 on the shading member 30 does not correspond to the first guide hole 106 on the base body 11. That is, the at least two connecting arms 32 are non-uniformly distributed around the center of the second through hole 301 on the periphery of the light shield body 31 to achieve a foolproof effect.
  • the multiple connecting arms 32 correspond to the connecting posts 108 on the base 10.
  • each connecting post 108 passes through a corresponding connecting arm 32.
  • the connecting arm 32 is provided with a through hole corresponding to the connecting post 108, and the connecting post 108 is clamped into the through hole on the connecting arm 32 to realize the connection between the shading member 30 and the base 10.
  • the number of the connecting arms 32 is two
  • the number of the connecting posts 108 is also two
  • the two connecting posts 108 are provided at the first gap 121 and the second gap 122 respectively.
  • the two connecting arms 32 are respectively snap-connected to the corresponding two connecting posts 108.
  • the number of connecting arms 32 is three
  • the number of connecting posts 108 is also three
  • one of the three connecting posts 108 is provided at the first gap 121, and the remaining two connecting posts 108 are provided At the second gap 122.
  • the three connecting arms 32 are respectively snap-connected to the corresponding three connecting posts 108.
  • the movable member 40 includes a first surface 402 and a second surface 403 opposite to each other.
  • the first surface 402 of the movable element 40 faces the first surface 111 of the base body 11.
  • a plurality of guide rods 404 are provided on the first surface 402 of the movable part 40, and the plurality of guide rods 404 are used to drive the corresponding aperture blade 20 to rotate when the movable part 40 rotates.
  • a plurality of guide rods 404 are arranged at intervals around the third through hole 401, and the plurality of guide rods 404 respectively correspond to the first guide hole 106, the second guide hole 203, and the third guide hole 302.
  • Each guide rod 404 passes through the corresponding The third guide hole 302 and the corresponding second guide hole 203 extend into the corresponding first guide hole 106.
  • the number of the guide rods 404 is the same as the number of the aperture blades 20, and both are five, and each guide rod 404 corresponds to one aperture blade 20. Since the first guide hole 106, the second guide hole 203, and the third guide hole 302 are respectively corresponding and arc-shaped, when the movable part 40 is installed on the base 10, the guide rod 404 moves along during the rotation of the movable part 40 The arc trajectory of the first guide hole 106, the second guide hole 203, and the third guide hole 302 drives the aperture blade 20 to rotate.
  • the aperture blade 20 can be driven by the guide rod 404 to rotate around the connecting member 105 to realize the aperture blade 20 at least partially shields or at least partially opens the first through hole 103.
  • the exposure unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application penetrates the guide rod 404 on the movable member 40 through the third guide hole 302, the second guide hole 203 and extends into the first guide hole 106, the third guide hole 302 and the first guide hole.
  • 106 can limit the position of the guide rod 404 to avoid the problem of dislocation of the movable member 40 during the rotation process, which may cause the blocking of the plurality of aperture blades 20 or the poor effect of opening the first through hole 103.
  • the width of the third guide hole 302 is greater than the width of the corresponding second guide hole 203.
  • the guide rod 404 Since the width of the third guide hole 302 is greater than the width of the corresponding second guide hole 203, the guide rod 404 is easier to penetrate the third guide hole 302 to extend into the second guide hole 203. Moreover, during the rotation of the movable member 40 In this case, the guide rod 404 has a larger movable space in the third guide hole 302, which increases the rotation efficiency of the movable member 40. During the rotation of the movable part 40, the guide rod 404 rotates in the arc-shaped third guide hole 302 and the second guide hole 203.
  • the third guide hole 302 limits the rotation range of the guide rod 404, thereby reducing the effect of the guide rod 404 on the movable member 40 driving the aperture blade 20 to block or open the first through hole 103.
  • the length of the third guide hole 302 is greater than the length of the corresponding second guide hole 203, the third guide hole 302 will not limit the rotation range of the guide rod 404, so that the lifting guide rod 404 drives the aperture blade 20 to block or open the first channel. The effect of the hole 103.
  • the diameter of the second through hole 301 on the shading member 30 is smaller than the diameter of the third through hole 401 on the movable member 40.
  • the third through hole 401 on the movable part 40 is larger, so that the mass of the movable part 40 is reduced, which is more conducive to the rotation of the movable part 40.
  • the second through hole 301 on the light shielding member 30 is small, so that the amount of light entering the exposure unit 100 is controlled, so as to prevent the second through hole 301 from being too large to cause a poor shielding effect of the aperture blade 20.
  • the movable member 40 is provided with arc-shaped fourth guide holes 405, and the fourth guide holes 405 are arranged at intervals around the third through holes 401, and a plurality of fourth guide holes 405 corresponds to the plurality of third guide holes 302, the plurality of second guide holes 203, and the plurality of first guide holes 106, respectively.
  • Each connecting member 105 can pass through the second guide hole 203, the third guide hole 302, and the fourth guide hole 405 in sequence.
  • the connecting member 105 may not pass through the fourth guide hole 405, but only pass through the corresponding second guide hole 203 and the corresponding third guide hole 302.
  • the fourth guide hole 405 can be used for the user to observe the aperture blade. 20's rotation.
  • the connecting member 105 may not penetrate the fourth guide hole 405 and the third guide hole 302, but only penetrate the corresponding second guide hole 203.
  • the fourth guide hole 405 and the third guide hole 302 can be used for supplying The user observes the rotation of the aperture blade 20.
  • the width of the fourth guide hole 405 may be greater than the width of the corresponding second guide hole 203.
  • the fourth guide hole 405 can be used to observe the rotation of the aperture blade 20 on the base 10.
  • the width of the fourth guide hole 405 is larger than the width of the corresponding second guide hole 203, which facilitates the user to observe the rotation of the aperture blade 20 .
  • the length of the fourth guide hole 405 may be greater than the length of the corresponding second guide hole 203.
  • the length of the fourth guide hole 405 is greater than that of the corresponding second guide
  • the length of the hole 203 and the fourth guide hole 405 can be used to avoid multiple connecting members 105 without affecting the user's checking of the rotation of the aperture blade 20.
  • the movable element 40 may include a movable element body 41 and a light blocking element 42.
  • the peripheral wall of the movable part body 41 is provided with a notch 411, and a plurality of driven teeth 407 are formed on the peripheral wall of the movable part body 41 at the notch 411.
  • the light blocking member 42 extends from the peripheral wall of the movable member body 41.
  • the light blocking member 42 can be arranged at any position of the movable member body 41 except for the notch 411.
  • the light blocking member 42 is connected to the plurality of driven teeth 407, that is, the light blocking member 42 is provided on one side of the notch 411.
  • a protrusion 408 is provided on the second surface 403 of the movable member 40.
  • the protrusion 408 may also be arc-shaped and the length of the protrusion 408 is smaller than the length of the fourth guide hole 405.
  • the peripheral wall of the movable part body 41 and the side wall 12 of the base 10 collide.
  • the peripheral wall of the movable part body 41 conflicts with the plurality of spherical protrusions 1010.
  • the number of the spherical protrusions 1010 may be two or more, and the plurality of spherical protrusions 1010 may be evenly distributed on the inner surface of the side wall 12 of the base 10.
  • a plurality of spherical protrusions 1010 can also be arbitrarily distributed on the inner surface of the side wall 12.
  • the exposure unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application is provided with a plurality of spherical protrusions 1010 on the inner surface of the side wall 12 of the base 10, thereby reducing the contact area between the movable part body 41 and the side wall 12, so that the movable part 40 rotates when the movable part 40 rotates.
  • the friction with the side wall 12 is smaller, and the rotation is more flexible.
  • the peripheral wall of the movable body 41 may directly conflict with the side wall 12 of the base 10.
  • the exposure unit 100 may further include a cover 50, which is disposed on the first side 101 of the base 10 and forms the receiving cavity 14 together with the base 10.
  • the receiving cavity 14 is similar to the above-mentioned receiving space 13.
  • the multiple aperture blades 20, the light shielding member 30 and the movable member 40 are all located in the receiving cavity 14.
  • the cover 50 is installed on the top surface 124 of the side wall 12 of the base 10 so that the cover 50 and the side wall 12 can interact with the plurality of aperture blades 20, the light shielding member 30, the movable member 40, etc. in the receiving cavity 14. The components are protected.
  • the cover 50 may include a cover body 51 and an escape member 52 provided on the cover body 51.
  • the cover body 51 is provided with a fourth through hole 511.
  • the fourth through hole 511 corresponds to the first through hole 103, the second through hole 301 and the third through hole 401, and allows the optical axis OO' of the exposure unit 100 to pass through.
  • the diameter of the fourth through hole 511 is smaller than the diameter of the third through hole 401
  • the diameter of the fourth through hole 511 is smaller than the diameter of the third through hole 401 compared to the diameter of the fourth through hole 511 being larger than the diameter of the third through hole 401
  • the diameter of ⁇ can enable the cover 50 to more effectively protect the components in the receiving cavity 14.
  • the cover body 51 is also provided with a plurality of fifth guide holes 512, the plurality of fifth guide holes 512 are arranged at intervals around the fourth through hole 511, and the plurality of fifth guide holes 512 are connected to the plurality of first guide holes 106,
  • the second guide hole 203, the plurality of third guide holes 302, and the plurality of fourth guide holes 405 correspond to each other.
  • the number of the fifth guide hole 512 is the same as the number of the first guide hole 106, the second guide hole 203, the third guide hole 302, and the fourth guide hole 405.
  • the number of fifth guide holes 512 is five.
  • the shapes of the five fifth guide holes 512 are the same as the shapes of the first guide hole 106, the second guide hole 203, the third guide hole 302, and the fourth guide hole 405, all of which are arc-shaped.
  • the connecting member 105 can sequentially pass through the second guide hole 203, the third guide hole 302, the fourth guide hole 405, and the fifth guide hole 512, a plurality of guide holes.
  • the connecting member 105 may not pass through the fourth guide hole 405 and the fifth guide hole 512, that is, the connecting member 105 successively passes through the second guide hole 203 and the third guide hole 302.
  • the fourth guide hole 405 and the fifth guide hole 512 can be used to observe the rotation of the aperture blade 20; or when the exposure unit 100 is installed, it is convenient for the user to adjust the position of the aperture blade 20.
  • the cover body 51 is also provided with a first avoiding space 513 and a second avoiding space 514.
  • the first avoiding space 513 is separated from the fourth through hole 511, that is, the first avoiding space 513 and the fourth through hole 511 are not connected, so as to prevent light from entering the receiving cavity 14 from the first avoiding space 513.
  • the second avoiding space 514 corresponds to the bump 408 on the movable member 40, and the width of the bump 408 can be smaller than the second avoiding space 514, so that the bump 408 can pass through the second avoiding space 514.
  • the second avoidance space 514 is arc-shaped.
  • the second avoiding space 514 can limit the protrusion 408, so that the movable member 40 can rotate around the optical axis OO' of the exposure unit 100 during the rotation.
  • a plurality of second threaded holes 517 are also opened on the periphery of the cover body 51.
  • the plurality of first threaded holes 1011 correspond to the plurality of second threaded holes 517, and the screws 90 pass through the second threaded holes 517 and lock into the first threaded holes 1011, so that the cover 50 is installed on the base 10.
  • the avoiding member 52 is provided with a third avoiding space 521, and the avoiding member 52 is a protruding structure on the cover body 51.
  • the first avoiding space 513, the second avoiding space 514 and the third avoiding space 521 all penetrate the cover body 51.
  • the exposure unit 100 may further include a shutter structure 60, and the shutter structure 60 is combined with the second side 102 of the base 10.
  • the shutter structure 60 includes a base 601, a driver 602 and a shutter blade 603.
  • the seat body 601 is provided with a light through hole 604, the light through hole 604 corresponds to the first through hole 103, and the light through hole 604 also corresponds to the second through hole 301, the third through hole 401, and the fourth through hole 511.
  • the light through hole 604 can allow the optical axis OO' of the exposure unit 100 to pass through.
  • the diameter of the light through hole 604 is smaller than the diameter of the first through hole 103, so that the shutter blade 603 can better control the amount of light entering.
  • the driver 602 is disposed on the side of the base body 601 close to the second side 102 of the base 10, and the driver 602 is used to drive the shutter blade 603 to block or open the light-passing hole 604.
  • Multiple shutter blades 603 may be provided, and multiple shutter blades 603 are accommodated in the preset space 104, and multiple shutter blades 603 are arranged around the light-passing hole 604.
  • a plurality of shutter blades 603 can move in the preset space 104 under the driving of the driver 602, so that the shutter blades 603 can block or open the light-passing hole 604.
  • the number of shutter blades 603 is two, and the driver 602 can control the moving directions of the two shutter blades 603.
  • the seat body 601 is also provided with an escape groove 605 and a plurality of third threaded holes 606, the plurality of third threaded holes 606 and the plurality of first threaded holes 1011 on the base 10 and the plurality of second threaded holes on the cover body 51
  • the threaded hole 517 corresponds.
  • the exposure unit 100 may further include a driving device 70.
  • the driving device 70 is installed on the ground.
  • the driving device 70 is used to drive the movable part 40 to rotate on the base 10.
  • the aperture blade 20 rotates around the connecting part 105 to at least partially block or at least partially open the first through hole 103.
  • the driving device 70 may include a driving member 71 and a driving gear 72.
  • the driving member 71 may be a device that can provide power to the movable member 40 such as a driving motor.
  • the driving member 71 penetrates from the second side 102 of the base 10 from the second mounting hole 1012 to the first side 101 of the base 10.
  • the driving gear 72 is located on the first side 101 and sleeved on the driving member 71, and the driving gear 72 meshes with a plurality of driven teeth 407.
  • the rotation of the driving member 71 drives the driving gear 72 to rotate, and the engagement of the driving gear 72 and the plurality of driven teeth 407 drives the movable member 40 to rotate around the optical axis OO' of the exposure unit 100.
  • the thickness of the driving gear 72 is greater than the thickness of the driven tooth 407 on the movable part 40, so that the driven tooth 407 meshes with the driving gear 72 better, so as to prevent the driven tooth 407 from rotating during the rotation. Disengage from the driving gear 72.
  • the driving device 70 may further include a mounting member 73 for mounting the driving device 70 to the base 10.
  • the mounting member 73 corresponds to the first mounting hole 109 on the second surface 112 of the base 10, and the driving device 70 locks the mounting member 73 into the first mounting hole 109 by screws to realize the installation of the driving device 70 on the base 10 10 on.
  • the first avoiding space 513 on the cover body 51 corresponds to the driving gear 72 of the driving device 70, and the diameter of the first avoiding space 513 may be greater than or equal to the diameter of the driving gear 72, so that the driving gear 72 is in the first avoiding Rotate in the space 513. That is, the first avoidance space 513 is used to avoid the driving gear 72.
  • the exposure unit 100 may further include a position detection component 80, and the position detection component 80 is installed at the third notch 123.
  • the third avoiding space 521 on the avoiding member 52 is used for avoiding the position detection assembly 80 so as to better install the position detection assembly 80 to the third notch 123.
  • the light blocking member 42 on the movable member 40 can follow the rotation of the movable member body 41 to enter and exit the position detecting assembly 80, and the position detecting member 80 is used to detect the rotation position of the movable member 40 according to the in and out of the light blocking member 42.
  • the position detection component 80 may include a mounting frame 81, a light transmitter 82 and a light receiver 83.
  • the mounting frame 81 of the position detection assembly 80 in the third notch 123 can partially extend into the third escape space 521, so that the third escape space 521 can effectively perform the position detection assembly 80 protection of.
  • a groove 811 is opened on one side of the mounting frame 81.
  • the light transmitter 82 is arranged on one of the top wall 812 of the groove 811 and the bottom wall 813 of the groove 811
  • the light receiver 83 is arranged on the other of the top wall 812 of the groove 811 and the bottom wall 813 of the groove 811.
  • the light emitter 82 is arranged on the top wall 812 of the groove 811, and the light receiver 83 is arranged on the bottom wall 813 of the groove 811; or, the light emitter 82 is arranged on the bottom wall 813 of the groove 811, Then the light receiver 83 is arranged on the top wall 812 of the groove 811.
  • the light transmitter 82 may emit light signals, for example, the light transmitter 82 may emit infrared rays, ultraviolet rays, and the like.
  • the optical receiver 83 can receive the optical signal emitted by the optical transmitter 82.
  • the position detection assembly 80 can obtain the rotational position of the movable member 40.
  • the shutter structure 60 is installed on the second side 102 of the base 10, wherein the shutter blade 603 is accommodated in the movable space 104 of the base 10 so that the shutter blade 603 can rotate to cover Or open the light-through hole 604.
  • the driving device 70 is installed on the second side 102 of the base 10, and the driving gear 72 on the driving device 70 penetrates from the second side 102 of the base 10 from the second mounting hole 1012 to the first side 101 of the base 10.
  • the position detecting device 80 is installed in the third notch 123 of the base 10.
  • a plurality of aperture blades 20 are installed on the base 10, the shading member 30 is connected to the connecting post 108 of the base 10 through the connecting arm 32, and each connecting member 105 is successively pierced with a connecting hole 204 and a third guide hole 302 to achieve Limiting effect on the aperture blade 20.
  • the movable part 40 is installed on the base 10, and the driven tooth 407 on the movable part 40 is in meshing connection with the driving gear 72 of the driving device 70, and a plurality of guide rods 404 on the movable part 40 sequentially penetrate the corresponding third guide holes 302 ,
  • the corresponding second guide hole 203 extends into the first guide hole 106 on the base 10.
  • the cover 50 is installed on the base 10, wherein the first avoiding space 513 corresponds to the driving gear 72 to avoid the driving gear 72, the second avoiding space 514 corresponds to the bump 408 on the movable part 40, and the avoiding part 52 corresponds to the position detection
  • the screw 90 passes through the second threaded hole 517 and the first threaded hole 1011 and then locks into the third threaded hole 606, so that the base 601, the base 10, and the cover 50 can be fixedly connected to achieve exposure Assembly of unit 100.
  • the exposure unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application can drive the movable part 40 to rotate by controlling the driving device 70, and the plurality of guide rods 404 on the movable part 40 drive the corresponding aperture blades 20 to merge along the arc of the second guide hole 203.
  • the positions of the multiple connecting members 105 (ie, the connecting shaft 107) and the connecting hole 204 can be interchanged.
  • the multiple connecting shafts (not shown) can be respectively provided on the corresponding aperture blades 20
  • the first surface 111 of the base body 11 may be provided with a plurality of connecting holes (not shown) corresponding to the connecting shaft, and the connecting holes may penetrate the first surface 111 and the second surface 112 of the base body 11 .
  • the connecting shaft on each aperture blade 20 is penetrated with a corresponding connecting hole.
  • the connecting hole may only pass through the first surface 111 of the base body 11 without passing through the second surface 112, and the connecting shaft on each aperture blade 20 extends into the corresponding connecting hole on the base body 11.
  • a plurality of guide rods can be respectively provided on the corresponding aperture blades 20.
  • the movable member 40 is provided with an arc-shaped multiplicity on the first surface 402 facing the base body 11.
  • a fixed hole (not shown).
  • a plurality of fixing holes may penetrate the first surface 402 and the second surface 403 of the movable part 40, of course, the plurality of fixing holes may not penetrate the first surface 402 and the second surface 403 of the movable part 40.
  • a plurality of fixing holes are arranged at intervals around the third through hole 401, and the plurality of guide rods respectively correspond to the plurality of arc-shaped third guide holes 302 and the plurality of fixing holes.
  • Each guide rod passes through a corresponding third guide hole 302 and extends into the fixing hole.
  • the second guide hole 203 may not be provided on the aperture blade 20.
  • the guide rod on the aperture blade 20 can penetrate the third guide hole 302 to extend into the fixed hole, and during the rotation of the movable part 40, the aperture blade 20 is driven by the fixed hole.
  • the upper guide rod rotates so that the aperture blade 20 rotates around the connecting member 105 to realize that the aperture blade 20 at least partially shields or at least partially opens the first through hole 103.
  • the through holes on the at least two connecting posts 108 and the plurality of connecting arms 32 can be interchanged. That is, the base body 11 is provided with a plurality of through holes (not shown) corresponding to the first notch 121 and the second notch 122, and a plurality of connecting posts (not shown) are provided on the connecting arm 32, and the light-shielding member 30 is installed When it is placed on the base 10, the fixing effect of the shading member 30 is realized by the cooperation of the through hole and the connecting post.
  • an embodiment of the present application further provides a lens assembly 1000, the lens assembly 1000 includes a plurality of lens groups 1100 and any one of the above-mentioned exposure unit 100, the exposure unit 100 is arranged in the plurality of lens groups 1100 between.
  • the number of multiple lens groups 1100 is six.
  • the six lens groups 1100 are the first lens group 1110, the second lens group 1120, the third lens group 1130, and the fourth lens in sequence.
  • the exposure unit 100 may be disposed between the third lens group 1130 and the fourth lens group 1140.
  • the exposure unit 100 may be disposed between the fourth lens group 1140 and the fifth lens group 1150.
  • the exposure unit 100 can also be arranged between any two other lens groups 1110. It should be noted that the optical axis OO' of the exposure unit 100 coincides with the optical axis OO' of the lens assembly 1000.
  • the exposure unit 100 is arranged between a plurality of lens groups 1110, and the exposure unit 100 can control the light of the plurality of lens groups 1110 to achieve the amount of light required by the user.
  • the multiple aperture blades 20 in the exposure unit 100 of the lens assembly 1000 of the embodiment of the present application can be installed on the base 10 through the connector 105, and there is no need to add an additional element to cooperate with the base 10 to install the aperture blade 20 Therefore, the size of the exposure unit 100 in the direction of the optical axis OO' is reduced, which is beneficial to the miniaturization of the lens assembly 1000.
  • the aperture blade 20 of the embodiment of the present application is directly installed on the base 10 through the connector 105, avoiding the installation of the aperture blade 20 in the narrow space formed between the additional element and the base 10, and the aperture blade 20 can pass through The installation in a rotating manner reduces the installation difficulty of the aperture blade 20 and improves the assembly efficiency of the lens assembly 1000.
  • the photographing device 2000 of the embodiment of the present application includes an image sensor 2100 and a lens assembly 1000.
  • the image sensor 2100 is used to convert light signals passing through the lens assembly 1000 into electrical signals for imaging.
  • the lens assembly 1000 may include a plurality of lens groups 1100 and the exposure unit 100 in any one of the above embodiments, and the exposure unit 100 is disposed between the plurality of lens groups 1100.
  • the number of multiple lens groups 1100 is six. In the direction of the optical axis OO' of the lens assembly 1100, the six lens groups 1100 are the first lens group 1110, the second lens group 1120, the third lens group 1130, and the fourth lens in sequence.
  • the group 1140, the fifth lens group 1150, and the sixth lens group 1160 are the first lens group 1110, the second lens group 1120, the third lens group 1130, and the fourth lens in sequence.
  • the exposure unit 100 may be disposed between the third lens group 1130 and the fourth lens group 1140. In yet another example, the exposure unit 100 may be disposed between the fourth lens group 1140 and the fifth lens group 1150. Of course, the exposure unit 100 can also be arranged between any two other lens groups 1110. It should be noted that the optical axis OO' of the exposure unit 100 coincides with the optical axis OO' of the lens assembly 1000. In the lens assembly 1000 of the embodiment of the present application, the exposure unit 100 is arranged between a plurality of lens groups 1110, and the exposure unit 100 can control the light of the plurality of lens groups 1110 to achieve the amount of light required by the user.
  • the photographing equipment in the embodiments of the present application may be an independent photographing device, such as a camera, or may be a movable platform including a photographing function, such as a drone that includes a photographing function.
  • the multiple aperture blades 20 in the photographing device 2000 of the embodiment of the present application can be installed on the base 10 through the connecting member 105, and there is no need to add an additional element to cooperate with the base 10 to install the aperture blade 20, thereby reducing
  • the size of the exposure unit 100 in the direction of the optical axis OO' is conducive to miniaturization of the photographing device 2000.
  • the aperture blade 20 of the embodiment of the present application is directly installed on the base 10 through the connector 105, avoiding the installation of the aperture blade 20 in the narrow space formed between the additional element and the base 10, and the aperture blade 20 can pass through The installation in a rotating manner reduces the installation difficulty of the aperture blade 20 and improves the assembly efficiency of the photographing device 2000.
  • the assembling method of the exposure unit 100 in the embodiment of the present application includes: arranging a plurality of aperture blades 20 on the first through hole 103 of the base 10 through the connecting member 105.
  • the aperture blade 20 in the embodiment of the present application is directly installed on the base 10 through the connector 105, avoiding the installation of the aperture blade 20 in the narrow space formed between the additional element and the base 10, due to the connector on the base 10 105 is arranged at intervals around the first through hole 103.
  • the embodiment of the present application is to set the aperture
  • the blade 20 is directly mounted on the base 10 through the connecting member 105, which reduces the installation difficulty of the aperture blade 20 and improves the assembling efficiency of the exposure unit 100.
  • the driving device 70 may also be installed in the first escape space 513 on the second side 102 of the base 10, and the driving device The mounting member 73 in the 70 mounts and fixes the driving device 70. Then install the shutter structure 60 to the second side 102 of the base 10, and install the shutter blade 603 into the preset space 104 of the base 10.
  • the connecting member 105 is located on the first side 101 of the base 10, and the guide rod 404 is provided on the first surface 402 of the movable member 40.
  • the method for assembling the exposure unit 100 may first install a plurality of aperture blades 20 on the base 10, wherein each aperture blade 20 corresponds to a connecting member 105. Then at least two connecting arms 32 of the light shielding member 30 are mounted on the connecting posts 108 on the base 10, wherein the connecting member 105 can sequentially penetrate through the corresponding second guide holes 203 on the plurality of aperture blades 20 and the light shielding member 30 Corresponding third guide hole 302.
  • the guide hole 203 extends into the corresponding first guide hole 106 on the base 10 and makes the driven tooth 407 on the movable part 40 mesh with the driving gear 72.
  • the connecting member 105 is located on the first side 101 of the base 10, the guide rod 404 is provided on each aperture blade 20, and the movable member 40 is provided with an arc facing the first surface 402 of the base body 11. Shaped multiple fixing holes.
  • the method for assembling the exposure unit 100 may first install a plurality of aperture blades 20 on the base 10, wherein each aperture blade 20 includes a connecting hole, and each connecting member 105 corresponds to a connecting hole.
  • At least two connecting arms 32 of the light shielding member 30 are mounted on the connecting posts 108 on the base 10, wherein the connecting member 105 can sequentially penetrate through the corresponding second guide holes 203 on the plurality of aperture blades 20 and the light shielding member 30 Corresponding to the third guide hole 302, the guide rod 404 on each aperture blade 20 passes through the third guide hole 302 on the corresponding light shield 30. Then, the movable part 40 is installed to the first side 101 of the base 10, and the guide rod 404 is extended into the fixing hole, and the driven tooth 407 on the movable part 40 meshes with the driving gear 72.
  • the position detection device 80 may be installed on the third notch 123 first, and then the cover The body 50 is mounted on the top surface of the side wall 12 of the base 10, and the fourth through hole 511 of the cover body 50 corresponds to the first through hole 103, the second through hole 301, and the third through hole 401 and is provided for the exposure unit The optical axis OO' of 100 passes through. Then, the multiple second threaded holes 517 on the cover 50, the multiple first threaded holes 1011 on the base 10, and the multiple third threaded holes 606 on the shutter structure 60 are fixedly connected by screws 90. After the cover 50 is installed on the first side 101 of the base 10, the cover 50 and the base 10 together form a receiving cavity 14. At this time, the plurality of aperture blades 20, the light shielding member 30 and the movable member 40 are all located in the receiving cavity Within 14.
  • the plurality of aperture blades 20 includes N aperture blades 20, and the connecting member 105 includes N connecting shafts 107, where N is greater than 2.
  • N can be 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and so on.
  • the specific installation manner in which the N aperture blades 20 are arranged on the first side 101 of the base 10 through the connecting member 105 around the first through hole 103 may include: the first aperture blades 21 are arranged on the first side 101 through the first connecting shaft 1071; The second aperture blade 22 is arranged on the first side 101 through the second connecting shaft 1072, and the tail 201 of the second aperture blade 22 and the base body 11 are respectively located on opposite sides of the head 202 of the first aperture blade 21; The N aperture blade 20 is arranged on the first side 101 through the Nth connecting shaft 107N, and the Nth aperture blade 2N is rotated around the Nth connecting shaft 107N until the tail 201 of the Nth aperture blade 2N and the base body 11 are respectively located at the Nth 1 the opposite sides of the head 202 of the aperture blade 2 (N-1), and the head 202 of the Nth aperture blade 2N is located between the base body 11 and the tail 201 of the first aperture blade 21.
  • the tail 201 of each aperture blade 20 can be directly located in an adjacent area.
  • the head 202 of each aperture blade 20 is located below the tail 201 of another adjacent aperture blade 20 until the Nth aperture blade 2N can be installed in a rotating manner.
  • the aperture blade 20 is fixed by the cooperation of the aperture fixing ring and the shutter base. Therefore, when a plurality of aperture blades 20 are installed, each aperture blade 20 is installed on the aperture fixing ring. , The aperture blade 20 cannot rotate, which makes it difficult to install the last few aperture blades 20, which reduces the assembly efficiency of the exposure unit 100.
  • the exposure unit 100 of the embodiment of the present application directly mounts a plurality of aperture blades 20 on the base 10, not only is not limited by the installation space formed by the shutter base and the aperture fixing ring, but also Each aperture blade 20 can rotate around the connecting shaft 107 during installation, especially when the last several aperture blades 20 are installed, the tail 201 of the aperture blade 20 can be rotated to the previous aperture blade. 20 above the head 202, and rotate the head 202 to below the tail 201 of the next aperture blade 20. This makes the installation of the aperture blade 20 easier, and improves the assembling efficiency of the exposure unit 100.
  • the plurality of aperture blades 20 includes N aperture blades 20, and the plurality of connecting members 105 includes N connecting shafts 107, where N is greater than 3.
  • N can be 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, and so on.
  • the specific installation manner in which the N aperture blades 20 are arranged on the first side 101 of the base 10 through the connecting member 105 around the first through hole 103 may include: the first aperture blades 21 are arranged on the first side 101 through the first connecting shaft 1071; The second aperture blade 22 is arranged on the first side 101 through the second connecting shaft 1072, and the tail 201 of the second aperture blade 22 and the base body 11 are respectively located on opposite sides of the head 202 of the first aperture blade 21;
  • the N-1 aperture blade 2 (N-1) is set on the first side 101 through the N-1th connecting shaft 107 (N-1), and rotates around the N-1th connecting shaft 107 (N-1) for the N-1th
  • the aperture blade 2 (N-1) until the tail 201 of the N-1 aperture blade 2 (N-1) and the base body 11 are located opposite to the head 202 of the N-2th aperture blade 2 (N-2).
  • the N-th aperture blade 20 is provided on the first side 101 by the N-th connecting shaft 107N, and the N-th aperture blade 2N is rotated around the N-th connecting shaft 107N until the tail 201 of the N-th aperture blade 2N and the base body 11 are respectively It is located on opposite sides of the head 202 of the N-1th aperture blade 2 (N-1), and the head 202 of the Nth aperture blade 20 is located between the base 10 and the tail 201 of the first aperture blade 21.
  • the rotation installation starts from the last two aperture blades 20 of the N aperture blades 20. At this time, the installation method of the plurality of aperture blades 20 is simpler.
  • the five aperture blades 20 include a first aperture blade 21, a second aperture blade 22, a third aperture blade 23, a fourth aperture blade 24, and a fifth aperture blade 25.
  • the connecting member 105 includes a first connecting shaft 1071 and a second connecting shaft. The shaft 1072, the third connecting shaft 1073, the fourth connecting shaft 1074, and the fifth connecting shaft 1075. The five aperture blades 20 are arranged on the first side 101 of the base 10 through the connecting member 105 around the first through hole 103.
  • the method may include: the first aperture blade 21 is arranged on the first side 101 of the base 10 through the first connecting shaft 1071; the second aperture blade 22 is arranged on the first side 101 of the base 10 through the second connecting shaft 1072, and makes The tail 201 of the second aperture blade 22 and the base body 11 are respectively located on opposite sides of the head 202 of the first aperture blade 21; the third aperture blade 23 is arranged on the first side 101 of the base 10 through the third connecting shaft 1073 , And make the tail 201 of the third aperture blade 23 and the base body 11 are respectively located on opposite sides of the head 202 of the second aperture blade 22; One side 101, and rotate the fourth aperture blade 24 around the fourth connecting shaft 1074 until the tail 201 of the fourth aperture blade 24 and the base body 11 are respectively located on opposite sides of the head 202 of the third aperture blade 23; and The five-aperture blade 25 is arranged on the first side 101 of the base 10 through the fifth connecting shaft 1075, and the fifth aperture blade 25 is rotated around the fifth connecting shaft 1075 until the tail 201 of
  • first and second are only used for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined with “first” and “second” may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present application, "a plurality of” means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.

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Abstract

一种曝光单元(100)、镜头组件(1000)、拍摄设备(2000)及曝光单元(100)的组装方法。曝光单元(100)包括依次设置的基座(10)、多个光圈叶片(20)、遮光件(30)、和活动件(40)。基座(10)包括贯穿相背的第一侧(101)与第二侧(102)的第一通孔(103)。活动件(40)能够绕着光轴(OO')转动，并在转动时能够带动多个光圈叶片(20)绕着连接件(105)转动以至少部分地遮挡或至少部分地开放第一通孔(103)。

Description

曝光单元、镜头组件、拍摄设备及曝光单元的组装方法 技术领域
本申请涉及光学影像领域，特别涉及一种曝光单元、镜头组件、拍摄设备及曝光单元的组装方法。
背景技术
为了提高镜头的可拆装性和可维修性，镜头内的光圈和快门往往做成两个相对独立的模块，合称为曝光单元，用于控制镜头的进光量。在光轴方向上，曝光单元可依次包括快门基座、光圈叶片、光圈活动环及光圈固定环，光圈固定环上的导杆穿过光圈叶片后将光圈叶片固定在快门基座上。这种结构布局的曝光单元需要光圈固定环与快门基座两个元件才能将光圈叶片安装好，使得曝光单元在光轴方向的尺寸(厚度)较大，不利于镜头的小型化。
发明内容
本申请的实施方式提供了一种曝光单元、镜头组件、拍摄设备及曝光单元的组装方法。
本申请实施方式的曝光单元包括依次设置的基座、多个光圈叶片、遮光件、和活动件。所述基座包括相背的第一侧与第二侧，所述基座开设有贯穿所述第一侧与所述第二侧的第一通孔，所述第二侧开设有用于供快门叶片活动的预置空间。多个所述光圈叶片围绕所述第一通孔设置，并通过所述基座上的连接件或各个所述光圈叶片上的连接件分别安装在所述第一侧。所述遮光件固定在所述第一侧并开设有第二通孔。所述活动件设置在所述第一侧，所述活动件开设有第三通孔，所述第一通孔、所述第二通孔、及所述第三通孔分别对应并均供所述曝光单元的光轴穿过。所述活动件能够绕着所述光轴转动，并在转动时能够带动多个所述光圈叶片绕着所述连接件转动以至少部分地遮挡或至少部分地开放所述第一通孔。
本申请实施方式的镜头组件包括多个透镜组及曝光单元，所述曝光单元设置在多个所述透镜组之间。所述曝光单元包括依次设置的基座、多个光圈叶片、遮光件、和活动件。所述基座包括相背的第一侧与第二侧，所述基座开设有贯穿所述第一侧与所述第二侧的第一通孔，所述第二侧开设有用于供快门叶片活动的预置空间。多个所述光圈叶片围绕所述第一通孔设置，并通过所述基座上的连接件或各个所述光圈叶片上的连接件分别安装在所述第一侧。所述遮光件固定在所述第一侧并开设有第二通孔。所述活动件设置在所述第一侧，所述活动件开设有第三通孔，所述第一通孔、所述第二通孔、及所述第三通孔分别对应并均供所述曝光单元的光轴穿过。所述活动件能够绕着所述光轴转动，并在转动时能够带动多个所述光圈叶片绕着所述连接件转动以至少部分地遮挡或至少部分地开放所述第一通孔。
本申请实施方式的拍摄设备包括图像传感器及镜头组件，所述图像传感器用于将穿过所述镜 头组件的光信号转换为电信号以成像。所述镜头组件包括多个透镜组及曝光单元，所述曝光单元设置在多个所述透镜组之间。所述曝光单元包括依次设置的基座、多个光圈叶片、遮光件、和活动件。所述基座包括相背的第一侧与第二侧，所述基座开设有贯穿所述第一侧与所述第二侧的第一通孔，所述第二侧开设有用于供快门叶片活动的预置空间。多个所述光圈叶片围绕所述第一通孔设置，并通过所述基座上的连接件或各个所述光圈叶片上的连接件分别安装在所述第一侧。所述遮光件固定在所述第一侧并开设有第二通孔。所述活动件设置在所述第一侧，所述活动件开设有第三通孔，所述第一通孔、所述第二通孔、及所述第三通孔分别对应并均供所述曝光单元的光轴穿过。所述活动件能够绕着所述光轴转动，并在转动时能够带动多个所述光圈叶片绕着所述连接件转动以至少部分地遮挡或至少部分地开放所述第一通孔。
本申请实施方式的曝光单元的组装方法包括将多个光圈叶片通过连接件围绕第一通孔设置在基座的第一侧；固定遮光件在所述第一侧，并使所述遮光件的第二通孔与所述基座的第一通孔对应；及安装活动件在所述第一侧，并使所述活动件的第三通孔与所述第二通孔对应。
本申请实施方式的曝光单元、镜头组件、拍摄设备及曝光单元的组装方法中，多个光圈叶片通过连接件即可安装在基座上，无需再增加一个额外的元件与基座配合来安装光圈叶片，从而减小了曝光单元的在光轴方向的尺寸，有利于曝光单元、镜头组件、及拍摄设备实现小型化。另外，本申请实施方式的光圈叶片是通过连接件直接安装在基座上，避免在额外的元件与基座之间形成的狭小空间内安装光圈叶片，降低了光圈叶片的安装难度，提高了曝光单元、镜头组件、及拍摄设备的组装效率。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
本申请上述的和/或附加的方面和优点从下面结合附图对实施方式的描述中将变得明显和容易理解，其中：
图1是本申请某些实施方式的曝光单元的一个方向的分解示意图。
图2是本申请某些实施方式的曝光单元的另一个方向的分解示意图。
图3是本申请某些实施方式的光圈叶片的结构示意图。
图4是本申请某些实施方式的镜头组件的结构示意图。
图5是本申请某些实施方式的拍摄设备的结构示意图。
图6至图11是本申请某些实施方式的曝光单元的组装方法示意图。
图12至图15是本申请某些实施方式的光圈叶片的安装方法示意图。
具体实施方式
下面详细描述本申请的实施方式，所述实施方式的示例在附图中示出，其中自始至终相同或类似的标号表示相同或类似的元件或具有相同或类似功能的元件。下面通过参考附图描述的实施方式是示例性的，旨在用于解释本申请，而不能理解为对本申请的限制。
请参阅图1和图2，本申请实施方式的曝光单元100包括依次设置的基座10、多个光圈叶片20、遮光件30、和活动件40。基座10包括相背的第一侧101与第二侧102，基座10开设有贯穿第一侧101与第二侧102的第一通孔103，第二侧102开设有用于供快门叶片603活动的预置空间104。多个光圈叶片20围绕第一通孔103设置，并通过基座10上的连接件105或各个光圈叶片20上的连接件分别安装在第一侧101。遮光件30固定在第一侧101并开设有第二通孔301。活动件40设置在第一侧101，活动件40开设有第三通孔401，第一通孔103、第二通孔301、及第三通孔401分别对应并均供曝光单元100的光轴OO’穿过。活动件40能够绕着光轴OO’转动，并在转动时能够带动多个光圈叶片20绕着连接件105转动以至少部分地遮挡或至少部分地开放第一通孔103。
本申请实施方式的曝光单元100中的多个光圈叶片20通过连接件105即可安装在基座10上，无需再增加一个额外的元件与基座10配合来安装光圈叶片20，从而减小了曝光单元100在光轴OO’方向的尺寸，有利于曝光单元100实现小型化。也即，相比较现有技术而言，本申请实施例将快门基座与光圈固定环作为一体结构，利用基座10这一个结构实现了快门叶片603与光圈叶片20在基座10上的安装，减少了光圈固定环在曝光单元100的光轴方向的尺寸的增加。
另外，本申请实施方式的光圈叶片20是通过连接件105直接安装在基座10上，避免在额外的元件与基座10之间形成的狭小空间内安装光圈叶片20，降低了光圈叶片20的安装难度，提高了曝光单元100的组装效率。也即，由于快门基座与光圈固定环的一体化实现，使得曝光单元100中各个元件的安装顺序发生变化，相对于现有技术中需要在光圈固定环与快门基座之间安装光圈叶片20，本申请实施例只需要顺序安装基座10、光圈叶片20、遮光件30和活动件30即可，光圈叶片20的安装空间不受限制。
请继续参阅图1和图2，具体地，在某些实施方式中，基座10可包括基座本体11，基座本体11包括第一面111和第二面112，基座本体11的第一面111位于第一侧101，基座本体11的第二面112位于第二侧102，供快门叶片603活动的预置空间104自基座本体11的第二面112向内凹陷形成。基座10还包括自基座本体11的第一面111的边缘延伸的侧壁12，侧壁12与基座本体11共同形成收容空间13。多个光圈叶片20、遮光件30和活动件40均设置在收容空间13内。本申请实施方式的曝光单元100通过在基座10的第一侧101形成收容空间13，并将光圈叶片20、遮光件30及活动件40设于收容空间13内，一方面使得基座10可对光圈叶片20、遮光件30及活动件40提供保护，另一方面，在基座本体11的第二面112上可开设对应的供快门叶片603活动的预置空间104，更加充分的利用了基座10上的空间，更有利于曝光单元100的小型化。
在某些实施方式中，基座本体11可开设多个第一导孔106，第一导孔106呈弧形，多个第一导孔106可贯穿基座本体11的第一面111和第二面112，多个第一导孔106环绕第一通孔103间隔设置。多个连接件105可自基座本体11的第一面111延伸并位于收容空间13内，多个连接件105的数量与多个第一导孔106的数量相同，且多个连接件105与多个第一导孔106环绕第一通孔103交替间隔设置。连接件105可为连接轴107。当然，连接件105还可为其他形状，例如，连接件105可为连接管。连接轴107的数量可为多个，例如，多个连接轴107可为2个、3个、4个、5个、6个、7个、8个、9个、10个或者更多个。
基座10的侧壁12开设有第一缺口121和第二缺口122。在第一缺口121和第二缺口122上设置有至少两个连接柱108，其中一个连接柱108位于第一缺口121处，其他的连接柱108位于第二缺口122处。例如，连接柱108的数量为两个时，两个连接柱108分别设于第一缺口121和第二缺口122处。又例如，连接柱108的数量为三个时，三个连接柱108中的一个设于第一缺口121处，其余的两个连接柱108设于第二缺口122处。在基座10的侧壁12还开设有第三缺口123，其中，第三缺口123与第一缺口121和第二缺口122互不贯通。在基座10的侧壁12的内表面设置有多个球形凸起1010，具体地，球形凸起1010的数量可为两个或两个以上，多个球形凸起1010可均匀地分布在基座10的侧壁12的内表面。当然，多个球形凸起1010也可任意地分布在侧壁12的内表面。在侧壁12的顶面124开设有多个第一螺纹孔1011，例如，多个第一螺纹孔1011的数量可为两个、三个、四个等等，多个第一螺纹孔1011可均匀地分布在侧壁12的顶面124，并贯通基座10的第一侧101和第二侧102。在基座10的第二面112的周缘上还开设有第一安装孔109及第二安装孔1012，需要说明的是，第一安装孔109不贯穿基座10的第一侧101，而第二安装孔1012贯通基座10的第一侧101和第二侧102，第一安装孔109与第二安装孔1012间隔且相邻。
请继续参阅图1和图2，在某些实施方式中，多个光圈叶片20的数量可为两个或两个以上，例如，光圈叶片20可为2个、3个、4个、5个、6个、7个、8个、9个、10个或者更多个。其中，光圈叶片20的数量越多，曝光单元100的精密度越高，光圈叶片20的遮挡或开放第一通孔103的效果更好；光圈叶片20的数量越少，曝光单元100的制作难度越小，生产成本也越低。在本申请实施方式中，光圈叶片20的数量为5个，一方面，该数量的光圈叶片20的遮挡或开放第一通孔103的效果较好，另一方面，曝光单元100的生产成本更低，且便于光圈叶片20的安装。即，将光圈叶片20的数量定在5个，是在进光量控制效果与产品成本之间取得了一个平衡。
请结合图3，在某些实施方式中，每个光圈叶片20包括尾部201和首部202，每个光圈叶片20可开设第二导孔203，每个第二导孔203与基座10上的第一导孔106对应，均呈弧形。每个光圈叶片20上还开设有连接孔204，每个连接孔204与基座10上的连接轴107对应。其中，第二导孔203位于光圈叶片20的尾部201，连接孔204位于光圈叶片20的首部202与尾部201之间。在将多个光圈叶片20安装至基座10上时，基座10上的连接轴107伸入对应的连接孔204内。每个光圈叶片20均能绕着连 接轴107转动以部分遮挡或部分开放第一通孔103。在光圈叶片20安装至基座10上时，每个光圈叶片20的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于一个相邻的光圈叶片20的首部202的相背两侧，每个光圈叶片20的首部202位于另一个相邻的光圈叶片20的尾部201与基座本体11之间。即，每个光圈叶片20的尾部201位于一个相邻的光圈叶片20的首部202的上方，每个光圈叶片20的首部202位于另一个相邻的光圈叶片20的尾部201的下方。以光圈叶片20的数量为5个为例进行说明。第一光圈叶片21的首部202位于第二光圈叶片22的尾部201与基座本体11之间，第二光圈叶片22的首部202位于第三光圈叶片23的尾部201与基座本体11之间，第三光圈叶片23的首部202位于第四光圈叶片24的尾部201与基座本体11之间，第四光圈叶片24的首部202位于第五光圈叶片25的尾部201与基座本体11之间，第五光圈叶片25的首部202位于第一光圈叶片21的尾部201与基座本体11之间。
请继续参阅图1和图2，在某些实施方式中，遮光件30可包括遮光件本体31及至少两个连接臂32。第二通孔301开设在遮光件本体31上，遮光件本体31上还可开设贯穿的多个第三导孔302，多个第三导孔302环绕第二通孔301间隔设置。其中，多个第三导孔302与多个第一导孔106及多个第二导孔203分别对应，且均呈弧形。多个第三导孔302可为2个、3个、4个、5个、6个、7个、8个、9个、10个或者更多个。在本实施方式中，第三导孔302的数量为5个。在将多个光圈叶片20通过连接轴107安装至基座10上时，连接轴107可依次穿设连接孔204及对应的第三导孔302，以使得遮光件30可防止光圈叶片20在绕着连接轴107转动时从连接轴107上脱离。在一些例子中，第三导孔302的长度可大于对应的第二导孔203的长度，此时，连接轴107可更好地穿设至第三导孔302中。在另一些例子中，第三导孔302的宽度可大于对应的第二导孔203的宽度。
至少两个连接臂32均自遮光件本体31的周缘凸出延伸。至少两个连接臂32与基座本体11结合。连接臂32可为2个、3个、4个、5个、6个、7个、8个、9个、10个或者更多个。至少两个连接臂32环绕第二通孔301的中心均匀分布。例如，在连接臂32的数量为两个时，两个连接臂32关于遮光件本体31的中心(也即第二通孔301的中心)对称；在连接臂32的数量为三个时，三个连接臂32的连线可为一个等边三角形。至少两个连接臂32环绕第二通孔301的中心均匀分布使得遮光件30在与基座本体11结合时，遮光件本体31的受力更加均匀，即遮光件本体31在与基座本体11结合的更加稳定。当然，在其他实施方式中，至少两个连接臂32可在遮光件本体31的周缘环绕第二通孔301的中心非均匀分布，并不局限于本实施方式中环绕第二通孔301的中心均匀分布。至少两个连接臂32在遮光件本体31的周缘环绕第二通孔301的中心非均匀分布，使得在对遮光件30与基座本体11结合时，遮光件30必须以特定的方向进行安装，以防止遮光件30装反而导致遮光件30上的第三导孔302与基座本体11上的第一导孔106不对应。即，至少两个连接臂32在遮光件本体31的周缘环绕第二通孔301的中心非均匀分布可起到防呆效果。
多个连接臂32与基座10上的连接柱108对应。在将遮光件30安装至基座10上时，每个连接柱108穿设对应的连接臂32。例如，连接臂32上开设有与连接柱108对应的通孔，连接柱108卡入连接 臂32上的通孔内即可实现对遮光件30与基座10的连接。在一个例子中，连接臂32的数量为两个时，连接柱108的数量也为两个，两个连接柱108分别设于第一缺口121和第二缺口122处。在将遮光件30与基座本体11连接时，两个连接臂32分别与对应的两个连接柱108卡合连接。在又一个例子中，连接臂32的数量为三个时，连接柱108的数量也为三个，三个连接柱108中的一个设于第一缺口121处，其余的两个连接柱108设于第二缺口122处。在将遮光件30与基座本体11连接时，三个连接臂32分别与对应的三个连接柱108卡合连接。
请继续参阅图1和图2，在某些实施方式中，活动件40包括相背的第一面402和第二面403。其中，活动件40的第一面402朝向基座本体11的第一面111。在活动件40的第一面402上设有多个导杆404，多个导杆404用于在活动件40转动时带动对应的光圈叶片20转动。多个导杆404环绕第三通孔401间隔设置，多个导杆404与第一导孔106、第二导孔203及第三导孔302分别对应，每个导杆404依次穿设对应的第三导孔302及对应的第二导孔203并伸入对应的第一导孔106。导杆404的数量与光圈叶片20的数量相同，均为5个，每个导杆404对应一个光圈叶片20。由于第一导孔106、第二导孔203及第三导孔302均分别对应且呈弧形，在将活动件40安装至基座10上时，导杆404在活动件40转动过程中沿着第一导孔106、第二导孔203及第三导孔302的弧形轨迹带动光圈叶片20进行转动，光圈叶片20可在导杆404的带动下绕着连接件105转动以实现光圈叶片20至少部分遮挡或至少部分开放第一通孔103。本申请实施方式的曝光单元100通过将活动件40上的导杆404穿设第三导孔302、第二导孔203并伸入第一导孔106，第三导孔302和第一导孔106可对导杆404进行限位，以避免活动件40在转动过程中，出现错位现象而导致出现多个光圈叶片20的遮挡或开放第一通孔103的效果较差的问题。其中，第三导孔302的宽度大于对应的第二导孔203的宽度。由于第三导孔302的宽度大于对应的第二导孔203的宽度，则导杆404更容易穿设第三导孔302而伸入第二导孔203中，而且，在活动件40转动过程中，导杆404在第三导孔302具有较大的活动空间，增大了活动件40的转动效率。在活动件40转动过程中，导杆404在弧形的第三导孔302和第二导孔203中转动，若第三导孔302的长度小于或等于对应的第二导孔203的长度，则第三导孔302会限制导杆404的转动范围，从而降低了活动件40上的导杆404带动光圈叶片20遮挡或开放第一通孔103的效果。而第三导孔302的长度大于对应的第二导孔203的长度，则第三导孔302不会限制导杆404的转动范围，从而提升导杆404带动光圈叶片20遮挡或开放第一通孔103的效果。
遮光件30上的第二通孔301的直径小于活动件40上的第三通孔401的直径。一方面，活动件40上的第三通孔401较大使得活动件40的质量减小，更有利于活动件40转动。另一方面，遮光件30上的第二通孔301较小使得曝光单元100的进光量得到了控制，以避免第二通孔301过大导致光圈叶片20遮挡效果较差。
请继续参阅图1和图2，在某些实施方式中，活动件40开设有弧形的第四导孔405，第四导孔405围绕第三通孔401间隔设置，多个第四导孔405与多个第三导孔302、多个第二导孔203及多个第一导 孔106分别对应。每个连接件105可依次穿设第二导孔203、第三导孔302及第四导孔405。当然，连接件105也可不穿设第四导孔405，而仅穿设对应的第二导孔203及对应的第三导孔302，此时，第四导孔405可用于供用户观察光圈叶片20的转动情况。另外，连接件105也可不穿设第四导孔405及第三导孔302，而仅穿设对应的第二导孔203，此时，第四导孔405及第三导孔302可用于供用户观察光圈叶片20的转动情况。
具体地，在某些实施方式中，第四导孔405的宽度可大于对应的第二导孔203的宽度。第四导孔405可用于观察光圈叶片20在基座10上的转动情况，第四导孔405的宽度大于对应的第二导孔203的宽度，则有利于用户对光圈叶片20的转动进行观察。在某些实施方式中，第四导孔405的长度可大于对应的第二导孔203的长度。在多个连接件105位于基座本体11的第一面111上时，每个连接件105可穿设第四导孔405，此时，由于第四导孔405的长度大于对应的第二导孔203的长度，第四导孔405可用于避让多个连接件105，且不会影响用户对光圈叶片20的转动情况进行查看。
活动件40可包括动件本体41及阻光件42。活动件本体41的周壁开设有凹口411，活动件本体41的周壁上位于凹口411处形成有多个从动齿407。阻光件42自活动件本体41的周壁延伸。阻光件42可设于活动件本体41除凹口411外的任意位置。在本申请实施方式中，阻光件42与多个从动齿407相接，即，阻光件42设于凹口411的一侧。活动件40的第二面403上设有凸块408，凸块408也可为弧形且凸块408的长度小于第四导孔405的长度。
在将活动件40安装至基座10上时，活动件本体41的周壁与基座10的侧壁12抵触。具体地，活动件本体41的周壁与多个球形凸起1010抵触。球形凸起1010的数量可为两个或两个以上，多个球形凸起1010可均匀地分布在基座10的侧壁12的内表面。当然，多个球形凸起1010也可任意地分布在侧壁12的内表面。本申请实施方式的曝光单元100通过在基座10的侧壁12的内表面设置多个球形凸起1010，减小了活动件本体41与侧壁12的接触面积，使得活动件40在转动时与侧壁12的摩擦力更小，转动更为灵活自如。当然，在其他实施方式中，活动件本体41的周壁可与基座10的侧壁12直接抵触。
请继续参阅图1和图2，在某些实施方式中，曝光单元100还可包括盖体50，盖体50设置在基座10的第一侧101并与基座10共同形成收容腔14。该收容腔14与上述的收容空间13类似。多个光圈叶片20、遮光件30、活动件40均位于收容腔14内。具体地，盖体50安装在基座10的侧壁12的顶面124，以使得盖体50和侧壁12能对收容腔14内的多个光圈叶片20、遮光件30及活动件40等元件进行保护。
具体地，盖体50可包括盖体本体51及设置在盖体本体51上的避让件52。盖体本体51开设有第四通孔511，第四通孔511与第一通孔103、第二通孔301及第三通孔401对应，并且供曝光单元100的光轴OO’穿过。其中，第四通孔511的直径小于第三通孔401的直径，相较于第四通孔511的直径大于第三通孔401的直径，第四通孔511的直径小于第三通孔401的直径可使得盖体50可对收容腔14内的元件进行更有效的保护。
盖体本体51还开设有多个第五导孔512，多个第五导孔512环绕第四通孔511间隔设置，且多个第 五导孔512与多个第一导孔106、多个第二导孔203、多个第三导孔302及多个第四导孔405分别对应。其中，第五导孔512的数量与第一导孔106、第二导孔203、第三导孔302及第四导孔405的数量相同。例如，第五导孔512的数量为5个。5个第五导孔512的形状与第一导孔106、第二导孔203、第三导孔302及第四导孔405的形状相同，均呈弧形。其中，在将盖体50安装至基座10上时，连接件105可依次穿设第二导孔203、第三导孔302、第四导孔405及第五导孔512，多个导孔的设置使得连接件105上的光圈叶片20更不易弹出，稳定性更好，而且导杆404的导引作用更好。当然，连接件105可不穿设第四导孔405和第五导孔512，即，连接件105依次穿设第二导孔203和第三导孔302。此时，第四导孔405和第五导孔512可用于观察光圈叶片20的转动情况；或者在对曝光单元100进行安装时，便于用户对光圈叶片20的位置进行调整。
盖体本体51还开设有第一避让空间513及第二避让空间514。
第一避让空间513与第四通孔511间隔，即，第一避让空间513与第四通孔511之间未连通，以避免光线从第一避让空间513进入收容腔14内。
第二避让空间514与活动件40上的凸块408对应，凸块408的宽度可小于第二避让空间514，以使得凸块408可穿设在第二避让空间514内。其中，第二避让空间514呈弧形。第二避让空间514能对凸块408进行限位，以使得活动件40在转动过程中能绕着曝光单元100的光轴OO’转动。
盖体本体51的周缘上还开设有多个第二螺纹孔517。多个第一螺纹孔1011与多个第二螺纹孔517对应，螺钉90穿过第二螺纹孔517并锁合进第一螺纹孔1011，从而将盖体50安装至基座10上。
避让件52开设有第三避让空间521，避让件52为盖体本体51上的凸起结构。第一避让空间513、第二避让空间514和第三避让空间521均贯穿盖体本体51。
请继续参阅图1和图2，在某些实施方式中，曝光单元100还可包括快门结构60，快门结构60与基座10的第二侧102结合。具体地，快门结构60包括座体601、驱动器602及快门叶片603。座体601上开设有通光孔604，通光孔604与第一通孔103对应，通光孔604还与第二通孔301、第三通孔401及第四通孔511对应。通光孔604可供曝光单元100的光轴OO’穿过。其中，通光孔604的直径要小于第一通孔103的直径，以使得快门叶片603更好地控制进光量。驱动器602设置在座体601上靠近基座10的第二侧102所在的一侧，驱动器602用于驱动快门叶片603遮挡或者开放通光孔604。快门叶片603可设有多个，多个快门叶片603收容在预置空间104内，多个快门叶片603围绕通光孔604设置。多个快门叶片603在驱动器602的驱动下可在预置空间104内活动，以使得快门叶片603遮挡或者开放通光孔604。在本申请实施方式中，快门叶片603的数量为两个，驱动器602可控制两片快门叶片603的活动方向。
座体601上还设有避让槽605及多个第三螺纹孔606，多个第三螺纹孔606与基座10上的多个第一螺纹孔1011和盖体本体51上的多个第二螺纹孔517对应。在将座体601安装至基座10的第二侧102时，螺钉90穿过第二螺纹孔517及第一螺纹孔1011后锁合进第三螺纹孔606，即可将座体601、基座 10及盖体50进行固定连接。
请继续参阅图1和图2，在某些实施方式中，曝光单元100还可包括驱动装置70，需要说明的是，座体601上的避让槽605用于避让驱动装置70，以便于更好地对驱动装置70进行安装。驱动装置70用于驱动活动件40在基座10上进行转动，活动件40转动时带动光圈叶片20绕着连接件105转动以实现至少部分地遮挡或至少部分地开放第一通孔103。驱动装置70可包括驱动件71及主动齿轮72。具体地，驱动件71可为驱动马达等可为活动件40提供动力的装置。驱动件71自基座10的第二侧102从第二安装孔1012穿到基座10的第一侧101。主动齿轮72位于第一侧101并套设在驱动件71上，主动齿轮72与多个从动齿407啮合。驱动件71转动带动主动齿轮72转动，主动齿轮72与多个从动齿407的啮合驱动活动件40绕着曝光单元100的光轴OO’转动。需要说明的是，主动齿轮72的厚度大于活动件40上的从动齿407的厚度，以使得从动齿407更好地与主动齿轮72进行啮合，以避免从动齿407在转动的过程中脱离主动齿轮72。
在某些实施方式中，驱动装置70还可包括安装件73，安装件73用于将驱动装置70安装至基座10上。安装件73与基座10的第二面112上的第一安装孔109对应，驱动装置70通过螺丝将安装件73锁紧至第一安装孔109内，以实现将驱动装置70安装在基座10上。其中，盖体本体51上的第一避让空间513与驱动装置70的主动齿轮72对应，且第一避让空间513的直径可大于或等于主动齿轮72的直径，以便于主动齿轮72在第一避让空间513内转动。即，第一避让空间513是用于避让主动齿轮72。
请继续参阅图1和图2，在某些实施方式中，曝光单元100还可包括位置检测组件80，位置检测组件80安装在第三缺口123处。其中，避让件52上的第三避让空间521用于避让位置检测组件80，以便于更好地将位置检测组件80安装至第三缺口123处。在活动件40上的阻光件42能够跟随活动件本体41的转动而进出位置检测组件80，位置检测组件80用于根据阻光件42的进出检测活动件40转动的位置。
在某些实施方式中，位置检测组件80可包括安装架81、光发射器82及光接收器83。在盖体50安装至基座10上时，第三缺口123内的位置检测组件80的安装架81可部分伸入第三避让空间521，使得第三避让空间521可对位置检测组件80进行有效的保护。安装架81的一侧开设有凹槽811。光发射器82设置在凹槽811的顶壁812和凹槽811的底壁813中的一个上，光接收器83设置在凹槽811的顶壁812和凹槽811的底壁813中的另一个上。即，光发射器82设置在凹槽811的顶壁812上，则光接收器83设置在凹槽811的底壁813上；或，光发射器82设置在凹槽811的底壁813上，则光接收器83设置在凹槽811的顶壁812上。光发射器82可发射光信号，例如，光发射器82可发射红外线、紫外线等。光接收器83可接收由光发射器82发出的光信号。由于光发射器82和光接收器83分别处于凹槽811的底壁813和顶壁812上，在阻光件42进入凹槽811时，能够阻挡光发射器82与光接收器83之间的光线传输，由此，位置检测组件80则能得到活动件40的转动位置。
在组装本申请实施方式的曝光单元100时，快门结构60安装在基座10的第二侧102，其中，快门 叶片603收容在基座10的活动空间104内，以便于快门叶片603转动以遮挡或开放通光孔604。驱动装置70安装在基座10的第二侧102，且驱动装置70上的主动齿轮72自基座10的第二侧102从第二安装孔1012穿到基座10的第一侧101。位置检测装置80安装在基座10的第三缺口123内。多个光圈叶片20安装在基座10上，遮光件30通过连接臂32连接在基座10的连接柱108上，每个连接件105依次穿设连接孔204及第三导孔302，以实现对光圈叶片20的限位作用。活动件40安装在基座10上，且活动件40上的从动齿407与驱动装置70的主动齿轮72啮合连接，活动件40上的多个导杆404依次贯穿对应的第三导孔302、对应的第二导孔203并伸入基座10上的第一导孔106。盖体50安装在基座10上，其中，第一避让空间513与主动齿轮72对应以避让主动齿轮72，第二避让空间514与活动件40上的凸块408对应，避让件52与位置检测装置80对应，螺钉90穿过第二螺纹孔517及第一螺纹孔1011后锁合进第三螺纹孔606，即可将座体601、基座10及盖体50进行固定连接，从而实现曝光单元100的组装。
本申请实施方式的曝光单元100可通过控制驱动装置70驱动活动件40进行转动，并由活动件40上的多个导杆404带动对应的光圈叶片20沿着第二导孔203的弧形并绕着连接件105转动，以实现光圈叶片20对第一通孔103的至少部分遮挡或至少部分开放的效果，从而便于用户可更好地控制曝光单元100的通光量。
在某些实施方式中，多个连接件105(即连接轴107)和连接孔204的位置可相互调换，具体地，多个连接轴(图未示)可分别设于对应的光圈叶片20上，则在基座本体11的第一面111上可开设有多个与连接轴对应的连接孔(图未示)，连接孔可穿设基座本体11的第一面111和第二面112。在将光圈叶片20安装至基座10上时，每个光圈叶片20上的连接轴均穿设对应的连接孔。当然，连接孔可仅穿设基座本体11的第一面111，而不穿过第二面112，每个光圈叶片20上的连接轴均伸入对应基座本体11上的连接孔。
在某些实施方式中，多个导杆(图未示)可分别设于对应的光圈叶片20上，相应的，活动件40朝向基座本体11的第一面402上开设有弧形的多个固定孔(图未示)。多个固定孔可贯穿活动件40的第一面402和第二面403，当然，多个固定孔可不贯穿活动件40的第一面402和第二面403。多个固定孔环绕第三通孔401间隔设置，多个导杆与多个弧形第三导孔302及多个固定孔分别对应。每个导杆穿设对应的第三导孔302并伸入固定孔。其中，由于每个导杆设于对应的光圈叶片20上，此时，光圈叶片20上可不开设第二导孔203。在将活动件40安装至基座10上时，光圈叶片20上的导杆可穿设第三导孔302伸入固定孔，并在活动件40转动的过程中，由固定孔带动光圈叶片20上的导杆进行转动，以使得光圈叶片20绕着连接件105转动以实现光圈叶片20至少部分遮挡或至少部分开放第一通孔103。
在某些实施方式中，至少两个连接柱108与多个连接臂32上的通孔可互相调换。即，基座本体11对应第一缺口121和第二缺口122处设有多个通孔(图未示)，连接臂32上设置多个连接柱(图未示)，在将遮光件30安装至基座10上时，通过通孔与连接柱的配合实现对遮光件30的固定效果。
请参阅图4，本申请实施方式还提供一种镜头组件1000，该镜头组件1000包括多个透镜组1100及上述任意一实施方式中的曝光单元100，曝光单元100设置在多个透镜组1100之间。多个透镜组1100的数量为6个，在镜头组件1100的光轴OO’方向，6个透镜组1100依次为第一透镜组1110、第二透镜组1120、第三透镜组1130、第四透镜组1140、第五透镜组1150及第六透镜组1160，在一个例子中，曝光单元100可设于第三透镜组1130和第四透镜组1140之间。在又一个例子中，曝光单元100可设于第四透镜组1140和第五透镜组1150之间。当然，曝光单元100还可设置在其他任意两个透镜组1110之间。需要说明的是，曝光单元100的光轴OO’与镜头组件1000的光轴OO’一致。本申请实施方式的镜头组件1000通过将曝光单元100设置在多个透镜组1110之间，曝光单元100可对多个透镜组1110的光线进行控制，以达到用户需要的通光量。
本申请实施方式的镜头组件1000的曝光单元100中的多个光圈叶片20通过连接件105即可安装在基座10上，无需再增加一个额外的元件来与基座10配合来安装光圈叶片20，从而减小了曝光单元100在光轴OO’方向的尺寸，有利于镜头组件1000实现小型化。另外，本申请实施方式的光圈叶片20是通过连接件105直接安装在基座10上，避免在额外的元件与基座10之间形成的狭小空间内安装光圈叶片20，而且光圈叶片20可通过旋转的方式进行安装，降低了光圈叶片20的安装难度，提高了镜头组件1000的组装效率。
请一并参阅图1和图5，本申请实施方式的拍摄设备2000包括图像传感器2100及镜头组件1000，图像传感器2100用于将穿过镜头组件1000的光信号转换为电信号以成像。镜头组件1000可包括多个透镜组1100及上述任意一实施方式中的曝光单元100，曝光单元100设置在多个透镜组1100之间。多个透镜组1100的数量为6个，在镜头组件1100的光轴OO’方向，6个透镜组1100依次为第一透镜组1110、第二透镜组1120、第三透镜组1130、第四透镜组1140、第五透镜组1150及第六透镜组1160，在一个例子中，曝光单元100可设于第三透镜组1130和第四透镜组1140之间。在又一个例子中，曝光单元100可设于第四透镜组1140和第五透镜组1150之间。当然，曝光单元100还可设置在其他任意两个透镜组1110之间。需要说明的是，曝光单元100的光轴OO’与镜头组件1000的光轴OO’一致。本申请实施方式的镜头组件1000通过将曝光单元100设置在多个透镜组1110之间，曝光单元100可对多个透镜组1110的光线进行控制，以达到用户需要的通光量。
可以理解，本申请实施例的拍摄设备可以是独立的拍摄装置，如相机，也可以是包含拍摄功能的可移动平台，如包含拍摄功能的无人机。
本申请实施方式的拍摄设备2000中的多个光圈叶片20通过连接件105即可安装在基座10上，无需再增加一个额外的元件来与基座10配合来安装光圈叶片20，从而减小了曝光单元100在光轴OO’方向的尺寸，有利于拍摄设备2000实现小型化。另外，本申请实施方式的光圈叶片20是通过连接件105直接安装在基座10上，避免在额外的元件与基座10之间形成的狭小空间内安装光圈叶片20，而且光圈叶片20可通过旋转的方式进行安装，降低了光圈叶片20的安装难度，提高了 拍摄设备2000的组装效率。
请一并参阅图1、图6至图9，本申请实施方式中的曝光单元100的组装方法包括：将多个光圈叶片20通过连接件105围绕第一通孔103设置在基座10的第一侧101；固定遮光件30在第一侧101，并使遮光件30的第二通孔301与基座10的第一通孔103对应；及安装活动件40在第一侧101，并使活动件40的第三通孔401与第二通孔301对应。
本申请实施方式的光圈叶片20是通过连接件105直接安装在基座10上，避免在额外的元件与基座10之间形成的狭小空间内安装光圈叶片20，由于基座10上的连接件105为绕第一通孔103间隔设置，相较于现有技术中增加一个元件(例如光圈固定环)对光圈叶片20进行固定后再安装至基座10的方式，本申请实施方式是将光圈叶片20通过连接件105直接安装至基座10上，降低了光圈叶片20的安装难度，提高了曝光单元100的组装效率。
在某些实施方式中，在将多个光圈叶片20安装至基座10上之前，还可将驱动装置70安装至基座10的第二侧102的第一避让空间513内，并通过驱动装置70中的安装件73对驱动装置70进行安装固定。再将快门结构60安装至基座10的第二侧102，并将快门叶片603安装至基座10的预置空间104内。
在某些实施方式中，连接件105位于基座10的第一侧101上，导杆404设于活动件40的第一面402上。具体地，曝光单元100的组装方法可先将多个光圈叶片20安装至基座10上，其中，每个光圈叶片20均对应一个连接件105。再将遮光件30的至少两个连接臂32安装至基座10上的连接柱108上，其中，连接件105可依次贯穿多个光圈叶片20上对应的第二导孔203与遮光件30上对应的第三导孔302。然后将活动件40安装至基座10的第一侧101，其中，活动件40上的多个导杆404依次贯穿遮光件30上对应的第三导孔302、光圈叶片20上对应的第二导孔203并伸入基座10上对应的第一导孔106内，并使活动件40上的从动齿407与主动齿轮72啮合。
在某些实施方式中，连接件105位于基座10的第一侧101上，导杆404设于每个光圈叶片20上，活动件40朝向基座本体11的第一面402上开设有弧形的多个固定孔。具体地，曝光单元100的组装方法可先将多个光圈叶片20安装至基座10上，其中，每个光圈叶片20上均包括一个连接孔，每个连接件105均对应一个连接孔。再将遮光件30的至少两个连接臂32安装至基座10上的连接柱108上，其中，连接件105可依次贯穿多个光圈叶片20上对应的第二导孔203与遮光件30上对应的第三导孔302，每个光圈叶片20上的导杆404穿过对应的遮光件30上的第三导孔302。然后将活动件40安装至基座10的第一侧101，并使得导杆404伸入固定孔，且活动件40上的从动齿407与主动齿轮72进行啮合。
请一并参阅图1、图10和图11，在某些实施方式中，将活动件40安装至基座10上后，可先将位置检测装置80安装至第三缺口123上，再将盖体50安装至基座10的侧壁12的顶面上，并将盖体50的第四通孔511与第一通孔103、第二通孔301及第三通孔401对应并供曝光单元100的光轴OO’穿过。 然后通过螺钉90对盖体50上的多个第二螺纹孔517、基座10上的多个第一螺纹孔1011及快门结构60上的多个第三螺纹孔606进行固定连接。在将盖体50安装在基座10的第一侧101后，盖体50与基座10共同形成收容腔14，此时，多个光圈叶片20、遮光件30及活动件40均位于收容腔14内。
请依次参阅图12、图14和图15，在某些实施方式中，多个光圈叶片20包括N个光圈叶片20，连接件105包括N个连接轴107，其中，N大于2。例如，N可为2、3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10等等。N个光圈叶片20通过连接件105围绕第一通孔103设置在基座10的第一侧101的具体安装方式可包括：第一光圈叶片21通过第一连接轴1071设置在第一侧101；第二光圈叶片22通过第二连接轴1072设置在第一侧101，并使得第二光圈叶片22的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于第一光圈叶片21的首部202的相背两侧；第N光圈叶片20通过第N连接轴107N设置在第一侧101，并绕第N连接轴107N旋转第N光圈叶片2N直至使得第N光圈叶片2N的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于第N-1光圈叶片2(N-1)的首部202的相背两侧，及使得第N光圈叶片2N的首部202位于基座本体11与第一光圈叶片21的尾部201之间。也即是说，在光圈叶片20的数量为N时，从第一光圈叶片21直至第N-1光圈叶片2(N-1)均可直接将每个光圈叶片20的尾部201位于一个相邻的光圈叶片20的首部202的上方，每个光圈叶片20的首部202位于另一个相邻的光圈叶片20的尾部201的下方，直至第N个光圈叶片2N可通过旋转的方式进行安装。
在现有技术中，是通过光圈固定环与快门基座的配合来对光圈叶片20进行固定，因此，在对多个光圈叶片20进行安装时，每个光圈叶片20安装至光圈固定环上后，光圈叶片20不能进行旋转，从而导致最后的几个光圈叶片20很难进行安装，降低了曝光单元100的组装效率。相较于现有技术的不足，本申请实施方式的曝光单元100直接将多个光圈叶片20安装至基座10上，不仅不受由快门基座与光圈固定环形成的安装空间的限制，且每个光圈叶片20在安装时均可绕着连接轴107进行旋转，尤其在对最后的几个光圈叶片20进行安装时，可通过旋转的方式将光圈叶片20的尾部201旋转至前一个光圈叶片20的首部202的上方，并将首部202旋转至下一个光圈叶片20的尾部201下方。使得光圈叶片20的安装更加简单，提高了曝光单元100的组装效率。
请依次参阅图12、图13、图14和图15，在某些实施方式中，多个光圈叶片20包括N个光圈叶片20，多个连接件105包括N个连接轴107，其中，N大于3。例如，N可为3、4、5、6、7、8、9、10等等。N个光圈叶片20通过连接件105围绕第一通孔103设置在基座10的第一侧101的具体安装方式可包括：第一光圈叶片21通过第一连接轴1071设置在第一侧101；第二光圈叶片22通过第二连接轴1072设置在第一侧101，并使得第二光圈叶片22的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于第一光圈叶片21的首部202的相背两侧；第N-1光圈叶片2(N-1)通过第N-1连接轴107(N-1)设置在第一侧101，并绕第N-1连接轴107(N-1)旋转第N-1光圈叶片2(N-1)直至使得N-1光圈叶片2(N-1)的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于第N-2光圈叶片2(N-2)的首部202的相背两侧；及第N光圈叶片20通过第N连接轴107N设置在第一侧101，并绕第N连接轴107N旋转第N光圈叶片 2N直至使得第N光圈叶片2N的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于第N-1光圈叶片2(N-1)的首部202的相背两侧，及使得第N光圈叶片20的首部202位于基座10与第一光圈叶片21的尾部201之间。在本实施方式中，是从N个光圈叶片20中的最后两个光圈叶片20开始旋转安装，此时，多个光圈叶片20的安装方式更加简单。
具体地，以N为5为例进行说明。5个光圈叶片20包括第一光圈叶片21、第二光圈叶片22、第三光圈叶片23、第四光圈叶片24、及第五光圈叶片25，连接件105包括第一连接轴1071、第二连接轴1072、第三连接轴1073、第四连接轴1074、及第五连接轴1075。5个光圈叶片20通过连接件105围绕第一通孔103设置在基座10的第一侧101的具体安装方式可包括：第一光圈叶片21通过第一连接轴1071设置在基座10的第一侧101；第二光圈叶片22通过第二连接轴1072设置在基座10的第一侧101，并使得第二光圈叶片22的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于第一光圈叶片21的首部202的相背两侧；第三光圈叶片23通过第三连接轴1073设置在基座10的第一侧101，并使得第三光圈叶片23的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于第二光圈叶片22的首部202的相背两侧；第四光圈叶片24通过第四连接轴1074设置在基座10的第一侧101，并绕第四连接轴1074旋转第四光圈叶片24直至使得第四光圈叶片24的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于第三光圈叶片23的首部202的相背两侧；及第五光圈叶片25通过第五连接轴1075设置在基座10的第一侧101，并绕第五连接轴1075旋转第五光圈叶片25直至使得第五光圈叶片25的尾部201与基座本体11分别位于第四光圈叶片24的首部202的相背两侧，及使得第五光圈叶片25的首部202位于基座本体11与第一光圈叶片21的尾部201之间。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施方式”、“一些实施方式”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施方式或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请的至少一个实施方式或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施方式或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施方式或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施方式或示例以及不同实施方式或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
此外，术语“第一”、“第二”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此，限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。在本申请的描述中，“多个”的含义是至少两个，例如两个，三个等，除非另有明确具体的限定。
尽管上面已经示出和描述了本申请的实施方式，可以理解的是，上述实施方式是示例性的，不能理解为对本申请的限制，本领域的普通技术人员在本申请的范围内可以对上述实施方式进行变化、修改、替换和变型。

Claims (37)

  1. 一种曝光单元，其特征在于，包括：依次设置的基座、多个光圈叶片、遮光件、和活动件；
    所述基座包括相背的第一侧与第二侧，所述基座开设有贯穿所述第一侧与所述第二侧的第一通孔，所述第二侧开设有用于供快门叶片活动的预置空间；
    多个所述光圈叶片围绕所述第一通孔设置，并通过所述基座上的连接件或各个所述光圈叶片上的连接件分别安装在所述第一侧；
    所述遮光件固定在所述第一侧并开设有第二通孔；
    所述活动件设置在所述第一侧，所述活动件开设有第三通孔，所述第一通孔、所述第二通孔、及所述第三通孔分别对应并均供所述曝光单元的光轴穿过；所述活动件能够绕着所述光轴转动，并在转动时能够带动多个所述光圈叶片绕着所述连接件转动以至少部分地遮挡或至少部分地开放所述第一通孔。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述基座包括：
    基座本体，所述基座本体的第一面位于所述第一侧，所述基座本体的第二面位于所述第二侧；及
    自所述基座本体的第一面的边缘延伸的侧壁，所述侧壁与所述基座本体共同形成收容空间，多个所述光圈叶片、所述遮光件、和所述活动件均设置在所述收容空间内。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述基座本体开设有贯穿的多个第一导孔，每个所述光圈叶片开设有第二导孔，所述遮光件开设有多个第三导孔，多个所述第一导孔、多个所述第二导孔、及多个所述第三导孔分别对应且均呈弧形。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，多个导杆设于所述活动件朝向所述基座本体的第一面上，多个所述导杆用于在所述活动件转动时带动对应的所述光圈叶片转动；
    多个所述导杆环绕所述第三通孔间隔设置，多个所述导杆与多个所述第一导孔、多个所述第二导孔、及多个所述第三导孔分别对应，每个所述导杆依次穿设对应的第三导孔及对应的第二导孔并伸入对应的第一导孔。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，多个导杆分别设于对应的所述光圈叶片上，多个所述导杆用于在所述活动件转动时带动对应的所述光圈叶片转动；
    所述活动件朝向所述基座本体的第一面上开设有弧形的多个固定孔，多个所述固定孔环绕所述第三通孔间隔设置，多个所述导杆与多个弧形的所述第三导孔及多个所述固定孔分别对应，每个所述导杆穿设对应的第三导孔并伸入所述固定孔。
  6. 根据权利要求4或5所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述活动件还设有弧形的第四导孔，所述第四导孔围绕所述第三通孔间隔设置，且多个所述第四导孔与多个所述第三导孔分别对应。
  7. 根据权利要求3-6任意一项所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述连接件包括连接轴；其中：
    多个所述连接轴自所述基座本体的第一面延伸并位于所述收容空间内，每个所述连接轴穿设对应的所述光圈叶片、及对应的所述第三导孔；或
    多个所述连接轴分别设于对应的所述光圈叶片上，所述基座本体的第一面上开设多个与多个所述连接轴对应的连接孔，每个所述连接轴穿设对应的所述连接孔。
  8. 根据权利要求3所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述第三导孔的宽度大于对应的所述第二导孔的宽度；和/或
    所述第三导孔的长度大于对应的所述第二导孔的长度。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述第四导孔的宽度大于对应的所述第二导孔的宽度；和/或
    所述第四导孔的长度大于对应的所述第二导孔的长度。
  10. 根据权利要求3所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，多个所述第三导孔环绕所述第二通孔间隔设置。
  11. 根据权利要求2所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，每个所述光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座本体分别位于一个相邻的所述光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧，每个所述光圈叶片的首部位于另一个相邻的所述光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座本体之间。
  12. 根据权利要求2所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述第二通孔的直径小于所述第三通孔的直径。
  13. 根据权利要求2所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述遮光件包括：
    遮光本体，所述第二通孔开设在所述遮光本体上；及
    至少两个连接臂，至少两个所述连接臂均自所述遮光本体的周缘凸出延伸，至少两个所述连接臂与所述基座本体结合。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述侧壁开设有第一缺口和第二缺口，所述第一侧设置有与至少两个所述连接臂对应的至少两个连接柱，其中一个所述连接柱位于所述第一缺口处，其他所述连接柱位于所述第二缺口内，至少两个所述连接柱与至少两个所述连接臂卡合。
  15. 根据权利要求2所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述活动件的周壁形成有多个从动齿，所述曝光单元还包括：
    驱动件，所述驱动件自所述第二侧穿到所述第一侧；及
    主动齿轮，所述主动齿轮位于所述第一侧并套设在所述驱动件上，所述主动齿轮与多个所述从动齿啮合。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述活动件包括：
    活动件本体，所述活动件本体的周壁开设有凹口，多个所述从动齿形成在所述凹口处，所述 活动件本体的周壁与所述侧壁抵触。
  17. 根据权利要求16所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述活动件本体的周壁与所述侧壁的内表面直接抵触；或
    所述侧壁的内表面设置有多个球形凸起，所述活动件本体的周壁与多个所述球形凸起抵触。
  18. 根据权利要求16所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述侧壁开设有第三缺口，所述曝光单元还包括安装在所述基座本体上的所述第三缺口处的位置检测组件；所述活动件还包括阻光件，所述阻光件自所述活动件本体的周壁延伸，所述阻光件能够跟随所述活动件本体的转动进出所述位置检测组件，所述位置检测组件用于根据所述阻光件的进出检测所述活动件转动的位置。
  19. 根据权利要求18所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述阻光件与多个所述从动齿相接。
  20. 根据权利要求18所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述位置检测组件包括：
    一侧开设有凹槽的安装架；
    光发射器；及
    光接收器；
    其中，所述光发射器设置在所述凹槽的顶壁和所述凹槽的底壁中的一个上，所述光接收器设置在所述凹槽的顶壁和所述凹槽的底壁中的另一个上；所述阻光件进入所述凹槽时，能够阻挡所述光发射器与所述光接收器之间的光线传输。
  21. 根据权利要求1所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述曝光单元还包括：
    盖体，所述盖体设置在所述第一侧并与所述基座共同形成收容腔，多个所述光圈叶片、所述遮光件、和所述活动件均位于所述收容腔内。
  22. 根据权利要求21所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述盖体包括：
    盖体本体，所述盖体本体开设有第四通孔，所述第四通孔与所述第一通孔、所述第二通孔、及所述第三通孔均对应并供所述光轴穿过，所述盖体本体安装在所述侧壁的顶面。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述盖体本体还开设有第五导孔，所述第五导孔环绕所述第四通孔间隔设置，且多个所述第五导孔与所述基座上开设的多个第一导孔、多个所述光圈叶片上开设的第二导孔、所述遮光件上开设的多个第三导孔、及所述活动件上设置的多个第四导孔分别对应且均呈弧形。
  24. 根据权利要求22所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述盖体本体还开设有用于避让设于所述第一侧的主动齿轮的第一避让空间，所述第一避让空间与所述第四通孔间隔。
  25. 根据权利要求22所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述盖体本体还开设有第二避让空间；
    所述活动件还包括设置在所述活动件的第二面上的凸块，所述活动件的第二面与所述活动件的第一面相背，所述凸块穿设在所述第二避让空间。
  26. 根据权利要求25所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述第二避让空间呈弧形。
  27. 根据权利要求25所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述盖体还包括：
    设置在所述盖体本体上的避让件，所述避让件开设有第三避让空间，所述第三避让空间贯穿所述盖体本体。
  28. 根据权利要求1所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述曝光单元还包括：
    快门结构，所述基座的所述第二侧与所述快门结构结合。
  29. 根据权利要求28所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述快门结构包括：
    座体，所述座体开设有通光孔，所述通光孔与所述第一通孔对应并供所述光轴穿过；
    设置在所述座体上靠近所述第二侧所在的一侧的驱动器；以及
    收容在所述预置空间内的多个所述快门叶片，多个所述快门叶片围绕所述通光孔设置并与所述驱动器连接，所述驱动器用于驱动多个所述快门叶片转动以遮挡或开放所述通光孔。
  30. 根据权利要求28所述的曝光单元，其特征在于，所述座体设置有避让槽，所述避让槽用于避让驱动件，所述驱动件用于驱动所述活动件带动所述光圈叶片转动以至少部分地遮挡或至少部分地开放所述第一通孔。
  31. 一种镜头组件，其特征在于，包括：
    多个透镜组；及
    权利要求1-30任意一项所述的曝光单元，所述曝光单元设置在多个所述透镜组之间。
  32. 一种拍摄设备，其特征在于，包括：
    图像传感器；及
    权利要求31所述的镜头组件，所述图像传感器用于将穿过所述镜头组件的光信号转换为电信号以成像。
  33. 一种曝光单元的组装方法，其特征在于，包括：
    将多个光圈叶片通过连接件围绕第一通孔设置在基座的第一侧；
    固定遮光件在所述第一侧，并使所述遮光件的第二通孔与所述基座的第一通孔对应；及
    安装活动件在所述第一侧，并使所述活动件的第三通孔与所述第二通孔对应。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的曝光单元的组装方法，其特征在于，多个所述光圈叶片包括N个光圈叶片，所述连接件包括N个连接轴，其中，N大于2；
    多个所述光圈叶片通过所述连接件围绕所述第一通孔设置在所述基座的第一侧，包括：
    第一光圈叶片通过第一连接轴设置在所述第一侧；
    第二光圈叶片通过第二连接轴设置在所述第一侧，并使得所述第二光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座的基座本体分别位于所述第一光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧；
    第N光圈叶片通过第N连接轴设置在所述第一侧，并绕所述第N连接轴旋转所述第N光圈叶片直至使得所述第N光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座本体分别位于第N-1光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧， 及使得所述第N光圈叶片的首部位于所述基座本体与所述第一光圈叶片的尾部之间。
  35. 根据权利要求33所述的曝光单元的组装方法，其特征在于，多个所述光圈叶片包括N个光圈叶片，多个所述连接件包括N个连接轴，其中，N大于3；
    多个所述光圈叶片通过所述连接件围绕所述第一通孔设置在所述基座的第一侧，包括：
    第一光圈叶片通过第一连接轴设置在所述第一侧；
    第二光圈叶片通过第二连接轴设置在所述第一侧，并使得所述第二光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座的基座本体分别位于所述第一光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧；
    第N-1光圈叶片通过第N-1连接轴设置在所述第一侧，并绕所述第N-1连接轴旋转所述第N-1光圈叶片直至使得所述N-1光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座本体分别位于第N-2光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧；及
    第N光圈叶片通过第N连接轴设置在所述第一侧，并绕所述第N连接轴旋转所述第N光圈叶片直至使得所述第N光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座本体分别位于所述第N-1光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧，及使得所述第N光圈叶片的首部位于所述基座本体与所述第一光圈叶片的尾部之间。
  36. 根据权利要求33所述的曝光单元的组装方法，其特征在于，多个所述光圈叶片包括第一光圈叶片、第二光圈叶片、第三光圈叶片、第四光圈叶片、及第五光圈叶片，所述连接件包括第一连接轴、第二连接轴、第三连接轴、第四连接轴、及第五连接轴；
    多个所述光圈叶片通过多个所述连接轴围绕所述第一通孔设置所述基座的第一侧，包括：
    所述第一光圈叶片通过第一连接轴设置在所述基座的第一侧；
    所述第二光圈叶片通过第二连接轴设置在所述基座的第一侧，并使得所述第二光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座的基座本体分别位于所述第一光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧；
    所述第三光圈叶片通过第三连接轴设置在所述基座的第一侧，并使得所述第三光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座本体分别位于所述第二光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧；
    所述第四光圈叶片通过第四连接轴设置在所述基座的第一侧，并绕所述第四连接轴旋转所述第四光圈叶片直至使得所述第四光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座本体分别位于所述第三光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧；及
    所述第五光圈叶片通过第五连接轴设置在所述基座的第一侧，并绕所述第五连接轴旋转所述第五光圈叶片直至使得所述第五光圈叶片的尾部与所述基座本体分别位于所述第四光圈叶片的首部的相背两侧，及使得所述第五光圈叶片的首部位于所述基座本体与所述第一光圈叶片的尾部之间。
  37. 根据权利要求33所述的曝光单元的组装方法，其特征在于，还包括：
    安装盖体在所述第一侧，所述盖体与所述基座共同形成收容腔，多个所述光圈叶片、所述遮光件、和所述活动件均位于所述收容腔内。
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