WO2021039729A1 - 変性ポリオレフィン樹脂及び分散体組成物 - Google Patents
変性ポリオレフィン樹脂及び分散体組成物 Download PDFInfo
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- WO2021039729A1 WO2021039729A1 PCT/JP2020/031862 JP2020031862W WO2021039729A1 WO 2021039729 A1 WO2021039729 A1 WO 2021039729A1 JP 2020031862 W JP2020031862 W JP 2020031862W WO 2021039729 A1 WO2021039729 A1 WO 2021039729A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- polyolefin resin
- dispersion composition
- modified polyolefin
- component
- graft
- Prior art date
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012948 isocyanate Substances 0.000 description 1
- JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N isopropylamine Chemical compound CC(C)N JJWLVOIRVHMVIS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004898 kneading Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003446 ligand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Mg+2] VTHJTEIRLNZDEV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000000347 magnesium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001862 magnesium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N mesaconic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(/C)=C/C(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000000 metal hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004692 metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylfumaric acid Natural products OC(=O)C(C)=CC(O)=O HNEGQIOMVPPMNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-diethylpropane-1,3-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CCCN QOHMWDJIBGVPIF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-Octanol Natural products CCCCCCCC TVMXDCGIABBOFY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N octan-1-amine Chemical compound CCCCCCCCN IOQPZZOEVPZRBK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004885 piperazines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009832 plasma treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000009719 polyimide resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002685 polymerization catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229920002635 polyurethane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004814 polyurethane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003755 preservative agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013615 primer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001384 propylene homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003242 quaternary ammonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N sec-butylamine Chemical compound CCC(C)N BHRZNVHARXXAHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920002050 silicone resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003871 sulfonates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-aconitic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)=CC(O)=O GTZCVFVGUGFEME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000008096 xylene Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
- C08F255/04—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms on to ethene-propene copolymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/002—Priming paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/02—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having two or three carbon atoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F255/00—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00
- C08F255/08—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having four or more carbon atoms
- C08F255/10—Macromolecular compounds obtained by polymerising monomers on to polymers of hydrocarbons as defined in group C08F10/00 on to polymers of olefins having four or more carbon atoms on to butene polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D11/00—Inks
- C09D11/02—Printing inks
- C09D11/10—Printing inks based on artificial resins
- C09D11/106—Printing inks based on artificial resins containing macromolecular compounds obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C09D11/108—Hydrocarbon resins
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D151/00—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09D151/06—Coating compositions based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Coating compositions based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09J—ADHESIVES; NON-MECHANICAL ASPECTS OF ADHESIVE PROCESSES IN GENERAL; ADHESIVE PROCESSES NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE; USE OF MATERIALS AS ADHESIVES
- C09J151/00—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers
- C09J151/06—Adhesives based on graft polymers in which the grafted component is obtained by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds; Adhesives based on derivatives of such polymers grafted on to homopolymers or copolymers of aliphatic hydrocarbons containing only one carbon-to-carbon double bond
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B05—SPRAYING OR ATOMISING IN GENERAL; APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D—PROCESSES FOR APPLYING FLUENT MATERIALS TO SURFACES, IN GENERAL
- B05D5/00—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures
- B05D5/10—Processes for applying liquids or other fluent materials to surfaces to obtain special surface effects, finishes or structures to obtain an adhesive surface
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a modified polyolefin resin and a dispersion composition. More specifically, the present invention relates to a modified polyolefin resin and a dispersion composition having excellent water adhesion resistance under high temperature conditions.
- Polyolefins such as polypropylene and polyethylene are generally inexpensive and have many excellent properties such as moldability, chemical resistance, water resistance, and electrical properties. Therefore, polyolefins have been widely adopted in recent years as materials for sheets, films, molded articles and the like.
- the polyolefin base material is a non-polar and crystalline base material, unlike polar base materials such as polyurethane resin, polyamide resin, acrylic resin, and polyester resin. Therefore, it is difficult to paint or adhere to the polyolefin substrate.
- a method for improving the above-mentioned problems related to adhesiveness a method has been proposed in which a primer capable of adhering to a polyolefin resin is undercoated on the surface of the base material, and a urethane resin paint or the like is applied on the undercoat layer.
- a primer a modified polyolefin resin to which a polar group (carboxy group, acid anhydride group, etc.) is added is used, and by adding a polar group, not only a polyolefin resin base material but also a urethane resin paint or the like can be used.
- a polar group carboxy group, acid anhydride group, etc.
- Modified polyolefin resins are widely used as primers for resin substrates such as automobile bumpers.
- automobile manufacturers have a policy of replacing the steel plate base material of the body with a resin base material for the purpose of reducing the weight of the vehicle body.
- a primer for a resin base material for a body having a coating film performance equivalent to that of a steel plate coating has become required.
- Adhesives for body coatings especially those for the direct glazing method that directly bond wind glass and body, and adhesives for side window glass and window frames in vehicles require long-term adhesive strength and high temperatures. It is required that the deterioration is small even when exposed to. Therefore, the test is performed under high temperature conditions as compared with the water adhesion resistance of the primer for bumpers. More specifically, in terms of water resistance under high temperature conditions for adhesives such as those for the direct glazing method, first, a urethane-based adhesive is applied on the coating film coated on the resin base material to prepare a test plate. To do. Subsequently, the prepared test plate is immersed in a constant temperature water bath set at 60 ° C.
- the test piece obtained by coating the resin base material is immersed in a constant temperature water tank at 40 ° C. for 10 days, and then the coating film is peeled off and evaluated. Therefore, the modified polyolefin resin used for the conventional primer for bumpers cannot impart sufficient strength and adhesive force to the coating film in the adhesive for the direct glazing method, which has a high test temperature, and the coating film becomes difficult. It may cause coagulation failure. Therefore, it is difficult for a primer using a conventional polyolefin resin to exhibit sufficient physical characteristics of a coating film in terms of water adhesion resistance.
- An object of the present invention is to provide a modified polyolefin resin capable of producing a coating film having excellent water adhesion resistance under high temperature conditions.
- the present inventors have graft-modified a polyolefin resin with ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof so that the tensile elastic modulus and the weight average molecular weight are within a predetermined range.
- a dispersion composition containing the same have found that the above-mentioned problems can be solved, and have completed the present invention. That is, the present inventors provide the following [1] to [10].
- the component (A) contains at least one selected from the group consisting of an ethylene-propylene copolymer, a propylene-1-butene copolymer, and an ethylene-propylene-1-butene copolymer.
- [4] The modified polyolefin resin according to any one of [1] to [3] above, wherein the graft weight of the component (B) in the modified graft is 0.1 to 10% by weight.
- a coating film having excellent water adhesion resistance under high temperature conditions can be produced.
- AA to BB means AA or more and BB or less.
- the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention contains a component (A): a polyolefin resin (hereinafter, also referred to as “component (A)”) and a component (B): ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof (hereinafter, “” It also contains a graft-modified product graft-modified with (also referred to as “component (B)”).
- component (A) a polyolefin resin
- component (B) ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof
- the modified polyolefin resin has a tensile elastic modulus of 250 MPa or more and a weight average molecular weight (hereinafter, also referred to as “Mw”) of 70,000 or more and less than 200,000.
- the melting point (hereinafter, also referred to as “Tm”) of the modified polyolefin resin by the differential scanning calorimeter (hereinafter, also referred to as “DSC”) is preferably 85 ° C. or higher and lower than 110 ° C.
- the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention can produce a coating film having excellent water adhesion resistance under high temperature conditions.
- the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention has Mw within a predetermined range and a tensile elastic modulus of a predetermined value or more.
- Mw is within a predetermined range
- cohesive force and adhesiveness can be imparted to the coating film, and solvent solubility can be ensured. Therefore, the adhesiveness with the base material can be ensured.
- the tensile elastic modulus is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, sufficient strength can be imparted to the coating film. Therefore, the strength of the coating film can be maintained even under high temperature conditions, and the adhesion to the substrate can be ensured.
- the Mw of the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is 70,000 or more and less than 200,000, preferably 80,000 or more and less than 150,000.
- Mw is 70,000 or more, the coating film after drying exerts a cohesive force, and can impart coating film strength and adhesiveness.
- it is less than 200,000 sufficient solvent solubility can be ensured.
- good stability can be ensured when the aqueous dispersion is prepared.
- Mw is a value measured and calculated by gel permeation chromatography (standard substance: polystyrene).
- the Tm of the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is preferably 85 ° C. or higher and lower than 110 ° C., more preferably 90 ° C. or higher and lower than 105 ° C.
- Tm is 85 ° C. or higher, sufficient water resistance under high temperature conditions can be further improved.
- the melting point is less than 110 ° C., good film forming property at the time of baking the coating film can be ensured.
- Tm by DSC is a value measured under the following conditions. According to JIS K7121-1987, a DSC measuring device (manufactured by TA Instruments) is used to heat and melt a sample of about 5 mg at 150 ° C. for 10 minutes.
- the temperature is lowered at a rate of 10 ° C./min and stably maintained at ⁇ 50 ° C. Then, the temperature is raised to 150 ° C. at 10 ° C./min, and the melting peak temperature at the time of melting is evaluated as Tm.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention is 250 MPa or more, preferably 300 MPa or more. When the tensile elastic modulus is 250 MPa or more, sufficient strength can be imparted to the coating film.
- the upper limit thereof is not particularly limited, but is usually 8000 MPa or less, preferably 5000 MPa or less, 3000 MPa or less, 1000 MPa or less, more preferably 800 MPa or less, further preferably 600 MPa or less, still more preferably 500 MPa or less.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the modified polyolefin resin is a value measured under the following conditions.
- the aqueous dispersion composition of the modified polyolefin resin is dried to obtain a dried product.
- the obtained dried product is dissolved by heating in an organic solvent, and the obtained solution is applied to a release paper so as to have a film thickness of about 20 ⁇ m. Dry for 5 minutes in a blower dryer set at 100 ° C., and store for 24 hours under constant temperature and humidity conditions of 23 ° C. and 50% relative humidity. Then, the film is cut into a width of 15 mm and a length of 150 mm, and the release paper is peeled off to obtain a test film.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the obtained test film is measured using a tensile tester under the conditions of a tensile speed of 10 mm / min and a distance between chucks of 100 mm.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the modified polyolefin resin is measured under the conditions of a tensile speed of 10 mm / min and a chuck distance of 100 mm using a test film made of the modified polyolefin resin and having a width of 15 mm and a length of 150 mm. It is the value that was set.
- the component (A) is not particularly limited, and may be a homopolymer of one kind of olefin or a copolymer of two or more kinds of olefins. Further, when it is a copolymer, it may be a random copolymer or a block copolymer.
- ⁇ -olefin is preferably used as the olefin. Examples of ⁇ -olefins include ethylene, propylene, 1-butene, 1-pentene, 1-hexene, 1-heptene and 1-octene.
- polypropylene (propylene homopolymer), ethylene-propylene copolymer, propylene-1-, from the viewpoint of exhibiting sufficient adhesion to a non-polar resin base material such as a polypropylene base material.
- Butene copolymers and ethylene-propylene-1-butene copolymers are more preferably used.
- polypropylene represents a polymer whose basic unit is a constituent unit derived from propylene.
- the ethylene-propylene copolymer represents a copolymer whose basic unit is an ethylene-derived structural unit and a propylene-derived structural unit.
- the propylene-1-butene copolymer represents a copolymer whose basic unit is a structural unit derived from propylene and a structural unit derived from 1-butene.
- These polymers may contain a small amount of structural units derived from olefins other than the above basic units. This content may be an amount that does not significantly impair the original performance of the resin.
- Such other olefin-derived structural units may be mixed, for example, in the process up to the production of the modified polyolefin resin.
- the component (A) preferably contains 60 mol% or more of the propylene-derived constituent unit in 100 mol% of the constituent unit.
- the propylene-derived structural unit is included in the above range, the adhesiveness to a base material such as a non-polar resin (for example, propylene resin) or a molded product can be ensured.
- the component (A) is preferable because the polyolefin resin obtained by using a metallocene catalyst as a polymerization catalyst has the following characteristics.
- the component (A) obtained by using a metallocene catalyst has a narrow molecular weight distribution. Further, when the component (A) is a copolymer, it is excellent in random copolymerizability, has a narrow composition distribution, and has a wide range of copolymerizable comonomer.
- the metallocene catalyst a known one can be used.
- the metallocene catalyst is preferably obtained by combining the components (1) and (2) described below with, if necessary, (3).
- -Component (1) a metallocene complex which is a transition metal compound of Groups 4 to 6 of the Periodic Table having at least one conjugated five-membered ring ligand; -Component (2); Ion-exchangeable layered silicate; -Component (3); organoaluminum compound.
- the ethylene-derived constituent unit or the butene-derived constituent unit is contained in a proportion of 5 to 50 mol% in 100 mol% of the constituent units.
- Propylene-derived constituent units are preferably contained in a proportion of 50 to 95 mol%.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the component (A) is preferably 150 MPa or more, more preferably 250 MPa or more.
- the upper limit is usually 8000 MPa or less, preferably 5000 MPa or less, 3000 MPa or less, 1000 MPa or less, more preferably 800 MPa or less, still more preferably 600 MPa or less.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the component (A) can be measured in the same manner as the tensile elastic modulus of the modified polyolefin resin.
- the melting point of the component (A) is preferably 80 ° C. or higher and lower than 110 ° C., more preferably 85 ° C. or higher and 105 ° C. Thereby, a modified polyolefin resin having a melting point in the above range can be easily obtained.
- the weight average molecular weight of the component (A) is 70,000 or more and less than 500,000, preferably 80,000 or more and less than 400,000.
- the component (A) may be used alone or in combination of two or more. When two or more types are used in combination, the ratio is not particularly limited.
- Component (B): ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivative The component (B) is an ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid or a derivative thereof.
- ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid and its derivatives include maleic acid, maleic anhydride, fumaric acid, citraconic acid, citraconic anhydride, mesaconic acid, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride, aconitic acid, and aconitic anhydride.
- Examples include maleic anhydride, (meth) acrylic acid, and (meth) acrylic acid ester. Of these, maleic anhydride is preferred.
- the component (B) may be at least one compound selected from the group consisting of ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids and derivatives thereof, and may be one or more ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acids and one or more kinds. It may be a combination of derivatives of ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid, a combination of two or more kinds of ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid, and a combination of two or more kinds of derivatives of ⁇ , ⁇ -unsaturated carboxylic acid.
- the graft weight of the component (B) in the modified graft is preferably 0.1 to 10% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight, based on 100% by weight of the modified graft.
- the graft weight of the component (B) is a value determined by an alkaline titration method.
- the graft-modified product can be prepared by graft-modifying (graft polymerization) the component (B) with the component (A).
- the graft modification can be carried out by a known method, and a component (C): radical generator (hereinafter, also referred to as “component (C)”) may be used.
- component (C): radical generator hereinafter, also referred to as “component (C)”
- graft modification for example, a solution method in which a mixture of the component (A) and the component (B) is heated and dissolved in an organic solvent such as toluene and the component (C) is added, or a Banbury mixer, kneader, extruder, etc.
- a method of adding the component (A), the component (B) and the component (C) using a kneader and obtaining a graft modified product by a melt-kneading reaction under heating can be mentioned.
- the component (A), the component (B) and the component (C) may be added all at once or sequentially.
- the component (C) can be appropriately selected from known radical generators, and an organic peroxide compound is preferable.
- organic peroxide compound examples include di-t-butyl peroxide, dicumyl peroxide, t-butyl cumyl peroxide, benzoyl peroxide, dilauryl peroxide, cumene hydroperoxide, and t-butyl hydroper.
- the component (C) may be a single radical generator or a combination of a plurality of types of radical generators.
- the amount of the component (C) added in the graft polymerization reaction is preferably 1 to 100% by weight, more preferably 10 to 50% by weight, based on the amount (weight) of the component (B) added. When it is 1% by weight or more, sufficient graft efficiency can be ensured. When it is 100% by weight or less, a decrease in the weight average molecular weight of the graft modified product can be prevented.
- the modified polyolefin resin may contain at least one graft-modified product (for example, two or more graft-modified products having different types and compositions of the components (A) and / or (B)). May include a combination of.
- the graft-modified product is a component other than the graft-modified product, for example, a component other than the graft-modified product generated during graft modification (for example, a polymer of unreacted components (A), (B), and components (B)). Further may be included.
- the modified polyolefin resin of the present invention may be used as it is (for example, in a solid state such as pellets), but it is preferably added to a dispersion medium (solvent) and used as a dispersion.
- a dispersion medium solvent
- the dispersion composition of the present invention contains a modified polyolefin resin.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention may contain other components, if necessary.
- the dispersion composition is preferably used as a film-forming composition for primers, paints, inks, adhesives and the like.
- the dispersion composition usually contains a modified polyolefin resin and a dispersion medium, and may further contain other resin components.
- resin components include urethane resins, epoxy resins, acrylic resins, phenol resins, alkyd resins, polyamide resins, polyimide resins, silicone resins, resins such as vitrified cotton, and combinations of two or more of these. These resins may be blended with the modified polyolefin or a dispersion thereof as an aqueous product (for example, an aqueous acrylic resin or an aqueous polyurethane resin).
- the dispersion composition may contain, for example, an aqueous acrylic resin, an aqueous urethane resin, lower alcohols, lower ketones, lower esters, preservatives, leveling agents, antioxidants, and photostabilizing agents.
- Additive components such as agents, ultraviolet absorbers, dyes, pigments, metal salts, and acids may be blended.
- the dispersion medium may be non-aqueous or aqueous (hereinafter, the dispersion composition containing the aqueous dispersion medium is also referred to as “aqueous dispersion composition”).
- the non-aqueous dispersion medium include organic solvents such as xylene, toluene, and benzene.
- the aqueous dispersion medium is usually water, but an alcohol solvent, a glycol solvent, a ketone solvent, and an ester solvent may be used in combination.
- a cross-linking agent may be contained as another component.
- crosslinking agent refers to a compound that reacts with a group such as a hydroxyl group, a carboxy group, or an amino group present in a component such as a modified polyolefin resin, a surfactant, or a neutralizing agent to form a crosslinked structure.
- examples of the cross-linking agent include blocked isocyanate compounds, aliphatic or aromatic epoxy compounds, amine compounds, and amino resins.
- the method of adding the cross-linking agent is not particularly limited. For example, it may be added during the waterification step or after the waterification.
- Nonionic surfactants are preferably used because the resulting aqueous dispersion composition has better water resistance.
- Nonionic surfactants include polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene alkylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene derivative, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene propylene polyol, and polyoxyethylene sorbitan.
- examples thereof include fatty acid esters, polyoxyethylene hydrogenated castor oil, polyoxyalkylene polycyclic phenyl ethers, polyoxyethylene alkylamines, alkyl alkanolamides, and polyalkylene glycol (meth) acrylates.
- polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, and polyoxyethylene alkylamine are preferable.
- alkyl sulfate ester salts polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate salts, alkylbenzene sulfonates, ⁇ -olefin sulfonates, methyl taurylate salts, sulfosuccinates, ether sulfonates, ether carboxylate salts, etc.
- examples thereof include fatty acid salts, naphthalene sulfonic acid formalin condensates, alkylamine salts, quaternary ammonium salts, alkylbetaines and alkylamine oxides.
- polyoxyethylene alkyl ether sulfate and sulfosuccinate are preferable.
- the surfactant When a surfactant is used in preparing the aqueous dispersion composition, it is preferable that the surfactant is added in as little amount as possible or not added. The reason for this is that the addition of a surfactant may reduce the film performance when forming a film, or may cause a plasticizing effect or bleeding phenomenon when a dry film is formed, resulting in blocking. Because.
- the aqueous dispersion composition may further contain a neutralizing agent.
- a neutralizing agent examples include ammonia, methylamine, ethylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, propylamine, isopropylamine, dipropylamine, isobutylamine, hexylamine, octylamine, ethanolamine, propanolamine, diethanolamine, and N.
- the boiling point of the neutralizer at normal pressure is preferably 200 ° C or lower. If the boiling point is more than 200 ° C., for example, when the aqueous dispersion composition is used as a coating film, it may be difficult to remove the neutralizing agent by the drying treatment in the water removing step. Therefore, the water resistance and moisture resistance of the coating film, especially during low-temperature drying, may deteriorate, or the adhesiveness to a base material such as a non-polar resin molded product may deteriorate.
- the neutralizing agent may be used alone or in combination of two or more.
- the compounding ratio of each compound is not particularly limited.
- the content of the neutralizing agent in the aqueous dispersion composition is not particularly specified, but it is preferably 3.0 times or less the amount of the carboxyl group in the graft modified product. Thereby, an excessive increase in pH of the aqueous dispersion composition can be suppressed.
- the lower limit is preferably 0.5 times or more. Thereby, an excessive decrease in pH of the aqueous dispersion composition can be suppressed.
- the pH of the aqueous dispersion composition is preferably 5 or more, more preferably pH 6 to 11. If the pH is less than 5, neutralization may be insufficient and the modified polyolefin resin may not be dispersed in water. Further, even when dispersed, precipitation and separation are likely to occur over time, and storage stability may be inferior. On the other hand, if the pH exceeds 11, problems may occur in compatibility with other components and work safety.
- the pH can be adjusted by the amount of neutralizing agent added when preparing the aqueous dispersion composition.
- the average particle size of the resin emulsified and dispersed in water is preferably 300 nm or less, more preferably 200 nm or less. If it exceeds 300 nm, the storage stability of the aqueous dispersion composition and the compatibility with other resins may deteriorate. In addition, the physical characteristics of the film such as adhesion to the substrate, solvent resistance, water resistance, and blocking resistance when the film is formed may be deteriorated.
- the average particle size can be adjusted according to conditions such as the composition of the modified polyolefin resin, the amount of the dispersion medium, the amount of the emulsifier added, the type, and the stirring power at the time of dispersion. In the present specification, the average particle size is a value obtained by measuring the particle size distribution using the light diffusion method.
- the particle size can be made as small as possible.
- the physical characteristics of the film such as adhesion to the substrate, water resistance, and gas hole resistance tend to decrease.
- the Tm of the dispersion composition is preferably 85 ° C. or higher and lower than 110 ° C., or 90 ° C. or higher and lower than 110 ° C., and more preferably 90 ° C. or higher and lower than 105 ° C.
- Tm 85 ° C. or higher
- the melting point is less than 110 ° C.
- good film forming property at the time of baking the coating film can be ensured.
- the Tm of the dispersion composition is a dried product obtained by drying the dispersion composition at 40 ° C. for 24 hours, and using DSC (manufactured by TA Instruments) in the same manner as the Tm of the modified polyolefin resin described above. Can be measured using.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention can function as an intermediate medium for a base material having low adhesiveness and difficult to apply such as a paint, for example, a non-polar resin molded product.
- a paint for example, a non-polar resin molded product.
- it is also useful as an adhesive between polyolefin-based substrates such as polypropylene and polyethylene, which have poor adhesiveness, regardless of whether or not there is a surface treatment such as plasma treatment or corona treatment on the surface of the substrate such as a non-polar resin molded product. Can be used without.
- the adhesion stability of the paint and the like can be obtained. Can be improved. Further, it is also suitable for polar substrates such as polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate, polyurethane and polyamide.
- the dispersion composition of the present invention can be suitably used as a primer, a paint, an ink, an adhesive and the like.
- the method for producing the dispersion composition is not particularly limited.
- a method including at least a dispersion step of adding a modified polyolefin resin to a dispersion medium and dispersing the modified polyolefin resin can be mentioned.
- the dispersion composition is an aqueous dispersion composition, even if the modified polyolefin resin is added to the organic solvent and dissolved (preferably under heating conditions) before the dispersion step, the organic solvent is distilled off. Good.
- a neutralizing agent it is preferable to add the neutralizing agent when it is dissolved in an organic solvent.
- the dispersion composition contains other resin components, it is preferable that the resin components are blended after the above dispersion step.
- a resin component blending step may be performed in which the resin component is blended and the solid content is adjusted as necessary (for example, a dispersion medium is added and diluted).
- the present invention will be described in detail by way of examples.
- the following examples are for the purpose of preferably explaining the present invention, and do not limit the present invention.
- the measurement method for the physical property value or the like is the measurement method described above.
- the "part" is a weight part unless otherwise specified.
- Tm melting point, ° C.
- [Tensile modulus] The aqueous dispersion composition was dried at 40 ° C. for 24 hours, and the obtained dried product was dissolved in an organic solvent to obtain a solution. The obtained solution was applied to a release paper so as to have a film thickness of about 20 ⁇ m, dried in a blower dryer set at 100 ° C. for 5 minutes, and under constant temperature and humidity conditions of 23 ° C. and 50% relative humidity 24. The coating film was prepared by storing for a long time. A test film was obtained by cutting the coating film into a width of 15 mm and a length of 150 mm and peeling off the release paper.
- the tensile elastic modulus of the obtained test film was measured using a tensile tester (Tensilon universal material tester: manufactured by A & D Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of a tensile speed of 10 mm / min and a distance between chucks of 100 mm.
- Average particle size (nm) It was measured with a particle size distribution measuring device (manufactured by Malvern Instruments).
- Example 1 In a four-necked flask equipped with a stirrer, a cooling tube, and a dropping funnel, propylene-1-butene copolymer (I) (propylene component 80 mol%, 1-butene component 20 mol%, Mw 100, 000, Tm is 85 ° C., tensile elasticity is 160 MPa) and propylene-1-butene copolymer (II) (propylene component is 90 mol%, 1-butene component is 10 mol%, Mw is 100,000, Tm is (100 ° C., tensile elasticity of 360 MPa) was heated and dissolved in 400 g of toluene so as to have a total of 100 parts at a weight ratio of 50:50.
- propylene-1-butene copolymer (I) propylene component 80 mol%, 1-butene component 20 mol%, Mw 100, 000, Tm is 85 ° C., tensile elasticity is 160 MPa
- aqueous dispersion composition (1) containing the modified polyolefin resin (1) was obtained.
- the Tm of the dried product of the aqueous dispersion composition (1) was 91 ° C.
- Example 2 100 parts of propylene-1-butene copolymer (III) (90 mol% propylene component, 10 mol% 1-butene component, 400,000 Mw, 100 ° C. Tm, 360 MPa tensile modulus), maleic anhydride 3.0 parts of acid and 2.0 parts of dilauryl peroxide were kneaded and reacted using a twin-screw extruder set at 200 ° C. Deaeration under reduced pressure was performed in the extruder to remove residual unreactant, and a modified polyolefin resin (2) having a Mw of 80,000, a Tm of 100 ° C., and a maleic anhydride graft weight of 3.0% by weight was used.
- a modified polyolefin resin (2) having a Mw of 80,000, a Tm of 100 ° C., and a maleic anhydride graft weight of 3.0% by weight was used.
- the obtained modified polyolefin resin (2) was used to prepare an aqueous dispersion composition (2) in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of DMEA added in Example 1 was 7 g.
- the Tm of the dried product of the aqueous dispersion composition (2) was 94 ° C.
- Example 3 A modified polyolefin resin (3) was obtained by modification in the same manner as in Example 2 except that the reaction temperature by the twin-screw extruder of Example 2 was set to 180 ° C.
- the obtained modified polyolefin resin (3) had a Mw of 100,000, a Tm of 100 ° C., and a graft weight of maleic anhydride of 3.0% by weight.
- the aqueous dispersion composition was also prepared in the same manner as in Example 2. The Tm of the dried product of the aqueous dispersion composition (3) was 95 ° C.
- the obtained modified polyolefin resin (5) had an Mw of 60,000, a Tm of 90 ° C., and a graft weight of maleic anhydride of 3.0% by weight.
- the aqueous dispersion composition was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of DMEA added in Example 1 was 7 g.
- the Tm of the dried product of the aqueous dispersion composition (5) was 89 ° C.
- the resin base material for the body was coated with an aqueous primer paint adjusted to have a dry film thickness of about 25 ⁇ m by an air spray gun, allowed to stand for 5 minutes, and then preheated at 60 ° C. for 3 minutes.
- the aqueous metallic color base coat paint was applied so that the dry film thickness was about 20 ⁇ m, allowed to stand for 5 minutes, and then preheated at 80 ° C. for 3 minutes.
- an acrylic urethane solvent type clear paint was applied so that the dry film thickness was about 35 ⁇ m, allowed to stand for 7 minutes, and then baked at 120 ° C. for 20 minutes to prepare an object to be coated.
- a urethane adhesive (trade name "3740", manufactured by Sunstar Co., Ltd., a windshield agent for automobiles) is applied to the produced object to be coated so that the coating shape is 20 mm in width, 3 mm in thickness, and 100 mm or more in length.
- a release paper After covering with a release paper, it was pressed evenly with a flat plate. After removing the flat plate, it was allowed to stand for 72 hours under a constant temperature and humidity condition of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 50% to cure. Then, the release paper was peeled off to prepare a test plate.
- Diameter (Large) 1-10 (Small) Frequency: None, (low) F, M, MD, D (high) The diameter is the size of the blister, and the numerical value that can be visually confirmed is up to 8. Further, the frequency is the number of blisters, and is an abbreviation for F (Few), M (Medium), MD (Medium Dense), and D (Dense).
- the aqueous dispersion composition of Comparative Example 2 has a blister of 2 M (diameter evaluation is 2 and frequency evaluation is M), and the number of remaining cells is 0, so that the water dispersion resistance under high temperature conditions is high. I know there isn't. Further, from the results of the water resistance test under high temperature conditions, the aqueous dispersion compositions of Examples 1 to 3 are all evaluated as "A" or "B" and can be used for direct glazing method applications and the like. It is a thing.
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Abstract
Description
より詳細には、ダイレクトグレージング工法用などの接着剤のための高温条件下での耐水付着性では、まず、樹脂基材に塗装した塗膜上にウレタン系接着剤を塗布し、試験板を作製する。続けて、作製した試験板を60℃に設定した恒温水槽中に10日間浸漬した後、接着剤層の剥離試験を行って評価する。一方、バンパー塗膜の耐温水試験では、樹脂基材に塗装して得られた試験片を40℃の恒温水槽中に10日間浸漬した後に、塗膜の剥離試験を行って評価する。
そのため、従来のバンパー向けプライマーに用いられる変性ポリオレフィン系樹脂では、試験温度が高いダイレクトグレージング工法用などの接着剤において、塗膜に十分な強度や付着力を付与することができず、塗膜が凝集破壊を起こしてしまう場合がある。
従って、従来のポリオレフィン系樹脂を使用したプライマーでは、耐水付着性の点で、十分な塗膜物性を発現することが困難である。
即ち、本発明者らは、下記の〔1〕~〔10〕を提供する。
〔1〕成分(A):ポリオレフィン樹脂を、成分(B):α,β-不飽和カルボン酸又はその誘導体でグラフト変性したグラフト変性物を含有し、示差走査型熱量計による融点が85℃以上110℃未満であり、引張弾性率が250MPa以上であり、重量平均分子量が70,000以上200,000未満である、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
〔2〕示差走査型熱量計による融点が、85℃以上110℃未満である、上記〔1〕に記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
〔3〕前記成分(A)が、エチレン-プロピレン共重合体、プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体、及びエチレン-プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、上記〔1〕又は〔2〕に記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
〔4〕前記グラフト変性物中の前記成分(B)のグラフト重量が、0.1~10重量%である、上記〔1〕~〔3〕のいずれかに記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
〔5〕上記〔1〕~〔4〕のいずれかに記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を含む、分散体組成物。
〔6〕示差走査型熱量計による融点が、90℃以上110℃未満である、上記〔5〕に記載の分散体組成物。
〔7〕プライマーである、上記〔5〕又は〔6〕に記載の分散体組成物。
〔8〕塗料である、上記〔5〕又は〔6〕に記載の分散体組成物。
〔9〕インキである、上記〔5〕又は〔6〕に記載の分散体組成物。
〔10〕接着剤である、上記〔5〕又は〔6〕に記載の分散体組成物。
本明細書中、「AA~BB」という表記は、AA以上BB以下を意味する。
本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、成分(A):ポリオレフィン樹脂(以下、「成分(A)」とも記載する)を、成分(B):α,β-不飽和カルボン酸又はその誘導体(以下、「成分(B)」とも記載する)でグラフト変性したグラフト変性物を含有する。変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、引張弾性率が250MPa以上であり、重量平均分子量(以下、「Mw」ともいう)が70,000以上200,000未満である。また、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の示差走査型熱量計(以下、「DSC」ともいう)による融点(以下、「Tm」ともいう)は、85℃以上110℃未満が好ましい。
本発明の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂は、Mwが所定の範囲内であり、かつ、引張弾性率が所定の値以上である。Mwが所定の範囲内であると、塗膜に凝集力や付着性を付与するとともに、溶剤溶解性を確保し得る。そのため、基材との付着性を確保し得る。引張弾性率が所定の値以上であると、塗膜に十分な強度を付与し得る。そのため、高温条件下でも塗膜強度を維持し、基材との付着性を確保し得る。従って、高温条件下での耐水付着性に優れる塗膜を作製し得るという優れた効果を発現できると推察される。
また、Tmが所定の範囲内であると、高温条件下での耐水性をさらに向上し得るとともに、塗膜焼付け時の良好な成膜性を確保し得る。
本明細書中、Mwはゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(標準物質:ポリスチレン)によって測定し、算出された値である。
本明細書中、DSCによるTmは、以下の条件で測定した値である。JIS K7121-1987に準拠し、DSC測定装置(TA Instruments製)を用い、約5mgの試料を150℃で10分間加熱融解状態を保持する。次いで、10℃/分の速度で降温して、-50℃で安定保持する。その後、10℃/分で150℃まで昇温し、融解した時の融解ピーク温度をTmとして評価する。
本明細書中、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の引張弾性率は、以下の条件で測定した値である。まず、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の水分散体組成物を乾燥し、乾燥物を得る。得られた乾燥物を有機溶剤に加熱溶解し、得られた溶液を剥離紙に膜厚約20μmとなるように塗工する。100℃に設定した送風乾燥機で5分間乾燥を行い、23℃、相対湿度50%の恒温恒湿条件下で24時間保管する。その後、幅15mm、長さ150mmにカットし、剥離紙を剥離することで試験フィルムを得る。得られた試験フィルムに対し、引張試験機を用いて引張速度10mm/min、チャック間距離100mmの条件で引張弾性率を測定する。
上記測定条件からわかるように、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の引張弾性率は、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂からなり、幅15mm、長さ150mmの試験フィルムを用いて、引張速度10mm/min、チャック間距離100mmの条件で測定した値である。
成分(A)は、特に限定されるものではなく、1種のオレフィンの単独重合体であってもよく、2種以上のオレフィンの共重合体であってもよい。また、共重合体である場合、ランダム共重合体であってもよく、ブロック共重合体であってもよい。オレフィンとしては、α-オレフィンが好適に用いられる。α-オレフィンとしては、エチレン、プロピレン、1-ブテン、1-ペンテン、1-ヘキセン、1-ヘプテン、1-オクテンが挙げられる。
成分(A)としては、ポリプロピレン基材等の非極性樹脂基材に対して十分な付着性を発現させるという観点から、ポリプロピレン(プロピレン単独重合体)、エチレン-プロピレン共重合体、プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体、エチレン-プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体がより好適に用いられる。
メタロセン触媒としては、公知のものが使用できる。メタロセン触媒は、好ましくは、以下に述べる成分(1)及び(2)と、さらに必要に応じて(3)とを組み合わせて得られる。
・成分(1);共役五員環配位子を少なくとも一個有する周期律表4~6族の遷移金属化合物であるメタロセン錯体;
・成分(2);イオン交換性層状ケイ酸塩;
・成分(3);有機アルミニウム化合物。
成分(A)の引張弾性率の測定は、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂の引張弾性率の測定と同様に行うことができる。
成分(B)は、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸又はその誘導体である。α,β-不飽和カルボン酸及びその誘導体としては、例えば、マレイン酸、無水マレイン酸、フマル酸、シトラコン酸、無水シトラコン酸、メサコン酸、イタコン酸、無水イタコン酸、アコニット酸、無水アコニット酸、無水ハイミック酸、(メタ)アクリル酸、(メタ)アクリル酸エステルが挙げられる。中でも、無水マレイン酸が好ましい。
成分(B)は、α,β-不飽和カルボン酸及びその誘導体からなる群から選ばれる少なくとも1種の化合物であればよく、1種以上のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸と1種以上のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸の誘導体の組み合わせ、2種以上のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸の組み合わせ、2種以上のα,β-不飽和カルボン酸の誘導体の組み合わせであってもよい。
成分(B)のグラフト重量は、アルカリ滴定法によって求めた値である。
グラフト変性物は、成分(A)に成分(B)をグラフト変性(グラフト重合)することで調製し得る。グラフト変性は、公知の方法で行うことが可能であり、成分(C):ラジカル発生剤(以下、「成分(C)」ともいう)を用いてもよい。グラフト変性は、例えば、成分(A)及び成分(B)の混合物を、トルエン等の有機溶剤に加熱溶解し、成分(C)を添加する溶液法、或いは、バンバリーミキサー、ニーダー、押出機等の混練機を使用して、成分(A)、成分(B)及び成分(C)を添加し、加熱下で溶融混練反応によりグラフト変性物を得る方法が挙げられる。成分(A)、成分(B)及び成分(C)は、一括添加しても、逐次添加してもよい。
成分(C)は、単独のラジカル発生剤でもよいし、複数種のラジカル発生剤の組み合わせであってもよい。
本発明の分散体組成物は、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を含む。本発明の分散体組成物は、必要に応じて他の成分を含んでもよい。分散体組成物は、プライマー、塗料、インキ、接着剤等の被膜形成用組成物として好適に用いられる。
分散体組成物が水分散体組成物である場合は、他の成分として、架橋剤を含んでもよい。「架橋剤」とは、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂、界面活性剤、中和剤等の成分に存在する水酸基、カルボキシ基、アミノ基等の基と反応し、架橋構造を形成する化合物をいう。架橋剤としては、例えば、ブロックイソシアネート化合物、脂肪族又は芳香族のエポキシ化合物、アミン系化合物、アミノ樹脂が挙げられる。架橋剤の添加方法は特に限定されない。例えば、水性化工程途中に添加しても、水性化後に添加してもよい。
中でも、乳化及び分散化の容易さという観点から、モルホリン、N,N-ジメチルエタノールアミン、N,N-ジエチルエタノールアミン、2-アミノ-2-メチル-1-プロパノールが好ましい。
本明細書中、平均粒子径は、光拡散法を用いた粒度分布測定により得られる値である。
本明細書において、分散体組成物のTmは、分散体組成物を40℃、24時間乾燥して得られた乾燥物を、前述した変性ポリオレフィン樹脂のTmと同様にDSC(TA Instruments製)を用いて測定し得る。
また、ポリオレフィン系基材等の非極性樹脂成型品の表面に本発明の分散体組成物をホットメルト方式で積層し、更にその上に塗料等を塗工することにより、塗料の付着安定性等を向上させることができる。
さらに、ポリエチレンテレフタレート等のポリエステル、ポリウレタン、ポリアミド等の極性基材に対しても適する。
Mw、無水マレイン酸のグラフト重量は、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を用いて測定した。Tm、引張弾性率、平均粒子径は、水分散体組成物を用いて測定した。測定方法の詳細を下記に示す。
製造例で製造した樹脂について、GPCにより下記条件に従い測定した。
装置:HLC-8320GPC(東ソー社製)
カラム:TSK-gel G-6000 H×L,G-5000 H×L,G-4000 H×L,G-3000 H×L,G-2000 H×L(東ソー社製)
溶離液:THF
流速:1mL/min
温度:ポンプオーブン、カラムオーブン40℃
注入量:100μL
標準物質:ポリスチレン EasiCal PS-1(Agilent Technology社製)
アルカリ滴定法にて求めた。
JIS K7121-1987に準拠し、DSC測定装置(TA Instruments製)を用い、約5mgの試料を150℃で10分間加熱融解状態を保持した。次いで、10℃/分の速度で降温して、-50℃で安定保持した。その後、10℃/分で150℃まで昇温し、融解した時の融解ピーク温度をTmとした。
水分散体組成物のTmは、水分散体組成物を40℃、24時間乾燥して得られた乾燥物を、DSC(TA Instruments製)を用いて上記と同じ条件で測定した。
水分散体組成物を40℃、24時間乾燥し、得られた乾燥物を有機溶剤に溶解して溶液を得た。得られた溶液を剥離紙に膜厚約20μmとなるように塗工し、100℃に設定した送風乾燥機で5分間乾燥を行い、23℃、相対湿度50%の恒温恒湿条件下で24時間保管して塗膜を作製した。塗膜を幅15mm、長さ150mmにカットし、剥離紙を剥離することで試験フィルムを得た。得られた試験フィルムに対し、引張試験機(テンシロン万能材料試験機:株式会社エー・アンド・デイ製)を用いて引張速度10mm/min、チャック間距離100mmの条件で引張弾性率を測定した。
粒度分布測定装置(Malvern Instruments製)にて測定した。
攪拌機、冷却管、及び滴下漏斗を取り付けた四つ口フラスコ中で、プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体(I)(プロピレン成分が80モル%、1-ブテン成分が20モル%、Mwが100,000、Tmが85℃、引張弾性率が160MPa)及びプロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体(II)(プロピレン成分が90モル%、1-ブテン成分が10モル%、Mwが100,000、Tmが100℃、引張弾性率が360MPa)を、重量比50:50で合計100部となるようにトルエン400g中に加熱溶解した。系内の温度を110℃に保持して撹拌しながら、無水マレイン酸4.5部、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキサイド3.0部をそれぞれ3時間かけて滴下した。滴下終了から1時間さらに反応を行った後、室温まで冷却した。反応物を大過剰のアセトン中に投入して精製し、Mwが100,000、Tmが90℃、無水マレイン酸のグラフト重量が3.0重量%の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂(1)を得た。
プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体(III)(プロピレン成分が90モル%、1-ブテン成分が10モル%、Mwが400,000、Tmが100℃、引張弾性率が360MPa)100部、無水マレイン酸3.0部、ジラウリルパーオキサイド2.0部を、200℃に設定した二軸押出機を用いて混練反応した。押出機内にて減圧脱気を行い、残留する未反応物を除去し、Mwが80,000、Tmが100℃、無水マレイン酸のグラフト重量が3.0重量%の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂(2)を得た。
また、得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂(2)を用い、実施例1のDMEAの添加量を7gとした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で水分散体組成物(2)を調製した。水分散体組成物(2)の乾燥物のTmは94℃であった。
実施例2の二軸押出機による反応温度を180℃とした以外は、実施例2と同様の方法で変性し、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂(3)を得た。得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂(3)は、Mwが100,000、Tmが100℃、無水マレイン酸のグラフト重量が3.0重量%であった。
また、水分散体組成物についても実施例2と同様の方法で調製した。水分散体組成物(3)の乾燥物のTmは95℃であった。
実施例1のプロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体(I)及び(II)の代わりに、プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体(I)100部を用い、無水マレイン酸の添加量を3.0部、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキサイドの添加量を2.0部とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で変性した。得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂(4)は、Mwが100,000、Tmが85℃、無水マレイン酸のグラフト重量が3.0重量%であった。
また、水分散体組成物については、実施例1のDMEAの添加量を7gとした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で調製した。水分散体組成物(4)の乾燥物のTmは82℃であった。
実施例1のプロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体(I)及び(II)の代わりに、プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体(IV)(プロピレン成分が80モル%、1-ブテン成分が20モル%、Mwが60,000、Tmが85℃)及びプロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体(V)(プロピレン成分が90モル%、1-ブテン成分が10モル%、Mwが60,000、Tmが100℃)を用い、無水マレイン酸の添加量を3.0部、ジ-t-ブチルパーオキサイドの添加量を2.0部とした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で変性した。得られた変性ポリオレフィン樹脂(5)は、Mwが60,000、Tmが90℃、無水マレイン酸のグラフト重量が3.0重量%であった。
また、水分散体組成物については、実施例1のDMEAの添加量を7gとした以外は、実施例1と同様の方法で調製した。水分散体組成物(5)の乾燥物のTmは89℃であった。
(塗料の調製)
実施例及び比較例で得られた水分散体組成物を固形分換算で40部、水性アクリル樹脂(バイヒドロールXP2427、住化バイエルウレタン社製)を固形分換算で40部、水性ポリウレタン樹脂(ユーコートUWS-145、三洋化成工業製)を固形分換算で20部、導電性カーボンのカーボンECP600JD(ライオン社製)20部、二酸化チタンのチタンR-960(DuPont社製)80部を、常法に従って配合し、固形分40%になるようにイオン交換水で希釈することで水性プライマー塗料を調製した。
ボディ用樹脂基材に対し、エアー式スプレーガンによって乾燥膜厚が約25μmとなるよう調整した水性プライマー塗料を塗装し、5分間静置した後、60℃で3分間プレヒートを行った。次に、水性メタリック色ベースコート塗料を乾燥膜厚が約20μmとなるよう塗装し、5分間静置した後、80℃で3分間プレヒートを行った。その後、アクリルウレタン系溶剤型クリヤー塗料を乾燥膜厚が約35μmとなるよう塗装し、7分間静置した後、120℃で20分間の焼付け処理を行い、被塗物を作製した。
次いで、作製した被塗物にウレタン系接着剤(商品名「3740」、サンスター株式会社製、自動車用ウインドシールド剤)を、塗布形状が幅20mm、厚さ3mm、長さ100mm以上となるように塗布し、離型紙を被せた後、平板で均一に押さえつけた。平板を取り除いた後、23℃、相対湿度50%の恒温恒湿条件下で72時間放置して硬化させた。その後、離型紙を剥がして、試験板を作製した。
作製した試験板を60℃に設定した恒温水槽中に10日間浸漬した後、23℃の水中に1時間浸漬して冷却し、以下の剥離試験を行った。
硬化した接着剤層を塗膜に対して90度以上の方向に手で引っ張りながら2~3mm間隔で、塗膜に対して約60度の角度で塗膜表面に達するところまでカッターナイフでカットを入れた。接着剤層を剥がした後の剥離状態を以下の「A」、「B」、「C」、「D」の基準により評価した。
A:接着剤層の剥れが認められず、塗膜の露出も認められない。
B:塗膜は破壊されず、接着剤層のみが凝集破壊を起こして剥れるが、塗膜と接着剤層の付着はほぼ保たれている。
C:塗膜が凝集破壊を起こして剥れる。
D:塗膜と接着剤層との界面で剥れが認められる。
(試験片の作製)
超高剛性ポリプロピレン板の表面をイソプロピルアルコールで脱脂し、乾燥膜厚が約15μmとなるよう水分散体組成物をスプレー塗装し、80℃で5分間プレヒートを行った。次に、ベース塗料をスプレー塗装し10分間静置した後、クリヤー塗料を塗装し、10分間静置した。その後、120℃で20分間の焼付け処理を行い、室温で72時間静置することで、試験片を作製した。
作製した試験片に対し、カッターナイフで塗膜上に2mm間隔で素地に達する100個の碁盤目状の切り込みを入れ、その上にセロハン粘着テープを密着させて180°の角度で10回剥離し、塗膜の残存を判定した。具体的には残マス数を数えた。
碁盤目付着試験の場合と同様にして試験片を作製した。試験片を60℃の温水に10日間浸漬した後、塗膜表面の膨れ状態(ブリスター)を目視で観察した。カッターナイフで塗膜上に2mm間隔で素地に達する100個の碁盤目状に切り込みを入れ、その上にセロハン粘着テープを貼った後、180°の角度で剥離し、塗膜の残存する程度で判定した。また、該試験で全て剥離しなかったサンプルについては、同様の試験を連続で10回行い、10回剥離後の塗膜の残存を判定した。具体的には残マス数を数えた。
ブリスターは以下の基準で評価した。
径:(大)1~10(小)
頻度:無,(少)F,M,MD,D(多)
径とは、ブリスターの大きさであり、目視で確認可能な数値は8までである。また、頻度とは、ブリスターの数であり、F(Few)、M(Medium)、MD(Medium Dense)、D(Dense)の略である。
(2M:ブリスター径2、ブリスター頻度Mを表す)
Claims (10)
- 成分(A):ポリオレフィン樹脂を、成分(B):α,β-不飽和カルボン酸又はその誘導体でグラフト変性したグラフト変性物を含有し、
引張弾性率が250MPa以上であり、
重量平均分子量が70,000以上200,000未満である、変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。 - 示差走査型熱量計による融点が、85℃以上110℃未満である、請求項1に記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
- 前記成分(A)が、エチレン-プロピレン共重合体、プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体、及びエチレン-プロピレン-1-ブテン共重合体からなる群から選択される少なくとも1種を含む、請求項1又は2に記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
- 前記グラフト変性物中の前記成分(B)のグラフト重量が、0.1~10重量%である、請求項1~3のいずれか1項に記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂。
- 請求項1~4のいずれか1項に記載の変性ポリオレフィン樹脂を含む、分散体組成物。
- 示差走査型熱量計による融点が、90℃以上110℃未満である、請求項5に記載の分散体組成物。
- プライマーである、請求項5又は6に記載の分散体組成物。
- 塗料である、請求項5又は6に記載の分散体組成物。
- インキである、請求項5又は6に記載の分散体組成物。
- 接着剤である、請求項5又は6に記載の分散体組成物。
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