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WO2021012392A1 - 一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置 - Google Patents

一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021012392A1
WO2021012392A1 PCT/CN2019/109315 CN2019109315W WO2021012392A1 WO 2021012392 A1 WO2021012392 A1 WO 2021012392A1 CN 2019109315 W CN2019109315 W CN 2019109315W WO 2021012392 A1 WO2021012392 A1 WO 2021012392A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat
heat storage
fins
muffler
energy
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PCT/CN2019/109315
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
饶中浩
姜威
赵佳腾
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中国矿业大学
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Publication of WO2021012392A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021012392A1/zh

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K13/00—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units
    • B60K13/04—Arrangement in connection with combustion air intake or gas exhaust of propulsion units concerning exhaust
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N1/00—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing
    • F01N1/08—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling
    • F01N1/089—Silencing apparatus characterised by method of silencing by reducing exhaust energy by throttling or whirling using two or more expansion chambers in series
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/16—Selection of particular materials
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy
    • F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat
    • F01N5/025—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting by exhaust energy the devices using heat the device being thermoelectric generators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of automobile exhaust heat recovery, in particular to an energy storage type hybrid electric automobile energy recovery and noise reduction device.
  • Hybrid electric vehicles use dual power sources of engine and electric motor as the energy source, so that the engine can work in high-efficiency areas to the greatest extent while meeting the power of the entire vehicle. Therefore, compared with traditional vehicles, it greatly reduces fuel consumption and has battery life compared to electric vehicles. It has long characteristics and becomes a reliable transitional product before pure electric vehicle technology matures. However, due to the existence of the engine, there is exhaust heat loss and noise pollution, so it has high development potential in terms of noise control and energy recovery.
  • the purpose of the present invention is to provide an energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage type hybrid electric vehicle.
  • an energy storage hybrid vehicle energy recovery and noise reduction device the device is connected to the automobile exhaust system through a flange, the device includes a heat storage system, a thermoelectric Conversion system, super thermal conductive plate and muffler;
  • the heat storage system includes a heat storage box, a heat storage material, and a heat-conducting fin.
  • the heat storage box is in the shape of a toroidal column, wrapped on the outside of the cylindrical muffler, and is radially fixed to the outer wall of the muffler through a slot.
  • the heat storage material is filled in the heat storage box, the thermally conductive fins are placed in the heat storage material; the thermoelectric conversion system is provided with multiple groups, which are distributed around the heat storage box outside the heat storage box along the muffler axis On the surface, each group of the thermoelectric conversion system includes heat dissipation fins and thermoelectric power generation fins. The number of heat conduction fins and the heat dissipation fins are the same.
  • the fin and the heat dissipation fin are attached, and the other end of the heat dissipation fin is located in the air flow channel for heat dissipation;
  • the muffler is divided into three cavities by two partition walls, the first two cavities are resistive cavities, and the third cavity is resistive
  • the superconducting plate includes a plurality of branch structures distributed around the axis of the muffler, each branch is composed of an evaporation section and a condensing section connected as a whole, and the evaporation sections of the branches are all built into the muffler, It is closely attached to the two partition wall surfaces in the muffler cavity, and the condensation sections of the branches are all built into the heat storage material.
  • the heat storage material is a mid-to-high temperature composite phase change material, specifically paraffin wax, carboxylic acid, molten salt, metal alloy and the like.
  • the materials of the heat conduction fins and the heat dissipation fins are aluminum.
  • the material of the branch is copper.
  • thermoelectric power sheet is connected to a voltage stabilizer through a wire, and the voltage stabilizer is connected to the power supply circuit of the automobile.
  • the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
  • the present invention uses the good heat transfer performance of the superconducting plate and the efficient heat storage performance of the heat storage material to transfer and store the high-grade heat in the muffler in time, and the energy storage material is for thermoelectric power generation
  • the energy storage material is for thermoelectric power generation
  • the electric energy generated by the device is directly connected to the vehicle power battery, which further improves the energy recovery capacity of the vehicle and reduces the load of the engine on the power generation.
  • the device has compact structure, low cost and can be modularized. It is directly connected to the exhaust system through a flange, and has the advantages of convenient maintenance and transformation.
  • This device can select the corresponding super-conducting plate material, super-conducting plate starting temperature, and heat storage material phase change temperature for different vehicle types and different driving conditions to achieve the highest energy recovery efficiency.
  • Figure 1 is an assembly diagram of an energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention
  • Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention
  • Figure 3 is a side view of an energy recovery and noise reduction device for an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention
  • FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the super-conducting plate in the energy recovery and noise reduction device of an energy storage hybrid electric vehicle of the present invention
  • 1-super thermal conductive plate 2-heat storage material, 3-heat conductive fins, 4-heat dissipation fins, 5-thermoelectric power generation sheet, 6-partition wall, 7-muffler, 8-heat storage box.
  • an energy storage hybrid vehicle energy recovery and noise reduction device of the present invention is connected to the exhaust system of the automobile through a flange, and a high temperature resistant device is provided between the flanges. Corrosion-resistant gaskets.
  • the device includes a heat storage system, a thermoelectric conversion system, a super thermal conductive plate 1 and a muffler 7;
  • the heat storage system includes a heat storage box 8, a heat storage material 2 and a thermally conductive fin 3.
  • the heat storage box 8 is a carrier of the energy storage system, is in the shape of a circular cylinder, and is wrapped on the outside of the cylindrical muffler 7 , Through the card slot and the outer wall of the muffler 7 radially fixed, the heat storage material 2 is filled in the heat storage box 8, the thermally conductive fins 3 are placed in the heat storage material 2; the heat storage material 2 is The medium and high temperature composite phase change materials can be adjusted to different phase change temperatures according to the engine power, which can be paraffin, carboxylic acid, molten salt, metal alloy, etc. There are 2 heat storage systems in total.
  • thermoelectric conversion system is provided with multiple groups, which are distributed around the outer surface of the heat storage box 8 along the axis of the muffler 7, and each group of the thermoelectric conversion system includes a heat dissipation fin 4 and a thermoelectric power generation fin 5.
  • the heat conduction fin The number of fins 3 and the heat dissipation fins 4 are the same, the materials of the heat conduction fins 3 and the heat dissipation fins 4 are aluminum, the heat conduction fins 3 are buried in the heat storage material 2, and the thermoelectric power generation fins 5 are The core of the thermoelectric conversion system.
  • thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 The cold and hot end surfaces of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 are coated with thermally conductive silicone grease and are respectively attached to the adjacent thermally conductive fins 3 and radiating fins 4.
  • the thermally conductive fins 3 and the radiating fins 4 are The temperature difference formed on both sides of the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 makes the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 generate electric energy.
  • the electric energy generated by the thermoelectric power generation sheet 5 is connected to the power supply circuit of the automobile through a wire through a voltage stabilizer. 5 constitutes a power generation module, which converts the thermal energy of the heat storage material into electrical energy; the other end of the heat dissipation fin 4 is located in the air flow channel for heat dissipation.
  • the muffler 7 is divided into three cavities by two partition walls 6.
  • the first two cavities are resistant cavities, which are matched with the superconducting plate 1 to cool down to achieve low-medium and low frequency noise reduction.
  • the third cavity is a resistive cavity with internal filling Acoustic materials achieve high-frequency noise reduction.
  • the superconducting plate 1 is the main heat transfer and thermodynamic conversion element, which includes a plurality of branch structures distributed around the axis of the muffler 7, and each branch is connected as a whole
  • the evaporation section of the branch is composed of the evaporation section and the condensation section.
  • the evaporation section of the branch is built in the muffler 7 and closely fits the two partition walls 6 in the cavity of the muffler 7, and the condensation section of the branch passes through the wall of the muffler 7
  • the upper reserved holes are then built into the heat storage material 2.
  • the branch structure is made of red copper, and the structure can be transformed according to the cross-sectional shape of the muffler 7.
  • the working fluid of the super thermal conductive plate 1 can be determined according to the working temperature.
  • the number of the super thermally conductive plates 1 can be changed according to the actual thermal load to adjust the thermal conductivity of different vehicle types.
  • the engine When applied to a hybrid vehicle, the engine is working and the exhaust gas passes through the three-way catalytic converter, and the temperature can reach 400-600°C.
  • the high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the resonance cavity and transition cavity of the muffler, it oscillates and mixes inside the muffler, and the muffler wall temperature
  • the sharp rise provides a higher heat flux density for the superconducting plate welded on the wall; after the superconducting tube reaches a certain heat flux density threshold, the internal working medium undergoes a gas-liquid two-phase flow, and the working medium is heated and gasified to generate power and gas
  • the plug is pushed to the condensation section to cool and liquefy, and the heat is transferred from the muffler where the evaporation section is located to the heat storage material where the condensation section is located through the continuous gas-liquid two-phase flow.
  • the heat generated by the engine is unstable, which affects the efficiency of power generation, so the heat storage material uses its high latent heat performance to stably store and release heat when the phase change occurs; as the temperature of the energy storage material increases As well as the forced convection heat dissipation of the heat dissipation fins by the air flow channel, the temperature difference between the hot and cold ends of the thermoelectric power generation sheet generates the Seebeck effect to generate electricity.
  • thermoelectric power generation sheet The current generated by the thermoelectric power generation sheet is rectified and stabilized through the parallel wire to supply power to the vehicle power battery , To achieve energy recovery; at the same time, under the action of the super heat-conducting plate, the heat inside the muffler is discharged, and the temperature is reduced, so as to realize the muffling ability of the muffler's resonant cavity to low-frequency noise.
  • the energy storage material that continuously stores energy begins to release heat.
  • the principle is the same as the above.
  • the electricity generated at this time can be used to charge the on-board battery, and the stored electricity can be used to reheat the engine and power the starter.
  • the function of energy recovery equipment can be further expanded due to the increase in heat generation and chassis space.
  • diesel engines generate a lot of heat while providing high-power power.
  • the heat generated by installing an energy recovery device can not only provide electricity for the vehicle, but also provide a heat source for the air-source air conditioning system.
  • the device of the present invention has a simple and compact structure, does not need to modify the exhaust system, can replace the traditional muffler and can be directly hoisted, and rationally combines the advantages of the strong heat transfer capacity of the super-conducting plate, high shape adaptability and high latent heat of the phase change material, and the high quality of the exhaust gas Heat recovery improves the fuel economy of hybrid electric vehicles, reduces the temperature of vehicle exhaust, and at the same time improves the muffling ability of the muffler system against mid- and low-frequency noise, which has high economic value and environmental protection value.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)
  • Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)

Abstract

一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置，包括储热系统、热电转换系统、超导热板(（1）及消声器（7）；储热系统包括储热箱体（8）、储热材料（2）和导热翅片（3），储热箱体（8）包裹在消声器（7）的外侧，储热材料（2）填充在储热箱体（8）中，导热翅片（3）置于储热材料（2）中；热电转换系统设置有多组，沿消声器（7）轴心环绕分部在储热箱体（8）表面，每组热电转换系统包括散热翅片（4）、温差发电片（5），温差发电片（5）的冷热两端分别与相邻的导热翅片（3）和散热翅片（4）贴合；超导热板（1）蒸发段内置于消声器（7）中，冷凝段内置于储热材料（2）中。该装置利用超导热板强热输送能力、高形状适应性以及相变材料高潜热的优势，回收尾气的热量，降低汽车尾气温度，提高消声系统对中低频噪声的消音能力。

Description

一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置 技术领域
本发明涉及汽车尾气余热回收领域，具体涉及一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置。
背景技术
随着时代的发展，人们对汽车的需求变得越来越大，然而汽车行驶所带来的环境污染问题也随之变得越来越严重。石油资源日渐匮乏，发展新能源汽车不仅是国内发展的要求，同时也是国际竞争中重要的筹码。然而，对于纯电动汽车来说，电池及相关技术发展的不完善严重限制了其快速增长，在这种情况下，工程师们对其进行了改良，将电池与传统内燃机相结合，研发出目前备受青睐的混合动力汽车。
混合动力汽车采用发动机和电动机双动力源作为能量源，使得发动机能够在满足整车动力的情况下最大程度工作在高效区域，因此和传统汽车相比大大降低了油耗，相比电动汽车具有续航时间长的特点，在纯电动汽车技术成熟之前成为可靠的过渡产品。但是由于发动机的存在，存在尾气热量损失以及噪声污染，因此在噪声控制以及能量回收等方面具有较高开发潜力。
现阶段的能量回收系统大多是以刹车时产生的制动力作为能量源进行发电，并将电能储存在动力电池中，但是作为汽车的主要动力能源-汽油，在真正使用中仅利用了30％左右，40％左右都跟着汽车尾气消散到大气中，对于尾气能量的余热回收的研究涉及到了流体动力学、声学、传热、振动以及发动机结构和性能等多个学科理论知识，具有一定的复杂性。因此，国内外对如何改善汽车排气系统的性能进行了广泛的研究。目前，根据热电材料的温差发电效应来获取汽车尾气能量的课题已在国内外盛行开展。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置，所述装置通过法兰与汽车排气系统相连，所述装置包括储热系统、热电转换系统、超导热板以及消声器；
所述储热系统包括储热箱体、储热材料和导热翅片，所述储热箱体为圆环柱形，包裹在圆柱形消声器的外侧，通过卡槽与消声器外壁径向固定，所述储热材料填充在储热箱体中，所述导热翅片置于所述储热材料中；所述热电转换系统设置有多组，沿消声器轴心环绕分布在所述储热箱体外表面，每组所述热电转换系统包括散热翅片和温差发电片，所述导热翅片与所述散热翅片的个数相同，所述温差发电片的冷热两端分别与相邻的导热翅片和散热翅片贴合，散热翅片另一端位于空气流道中进行散热；所述消声器通过两个分隔壁面分为三个腔体，前两腔为抗性腔，第三腔为阻性腔；所述超导热板包括多个沿消声器轴心环绕分布的分支结构，每个分支机构由连接为一体的蒸发段和冷凝段组成，所述分支机构的蒸发段均内置于消声器中，与消声器腔体中的两个分隔壁面紧密贴合，所述分支机构的冷凝段均内置于储热材料中。
优选的，所述储热材料为中高温复合相变材料，具体可为石蜡、羧酸、熔融盐、金属合金等。
优选的，所述导热翅片、散热翅片的材质均为铝。
优选的，所述分支机构的材质为紫铜。
进一步地，所述温差发电片通过导线连接稳压器，所述稳压器连接汽车的供电电路。
与现有技术相比，本发明具有如下有益效果：
1.本发明从传统消声器的结构出发，利用超导热板的良好传热性能以及储热材料的高效的储热性能将消声器中的高品位热量及时传递和储存，储能材料则为温差发电提供稳定的热源以此来保证电流的持续输出，进一步增强混合动力汽车能量回收，提高续航里程，从而实现在对余热高效利用的同时通过降低消声器内温度来提高对中低频噪声的消声效果，达到节能和降噪的双重效果。
2.本装置产生的电能直接与车载动力电池连接，进一步提高整车能量回收能力，减少发动机对发电的负载。
3.本装置结构紧凑，成本低廉可以模块化，通过法兰直接与排气系统进行连接，具有维护、改造便捷的优势。
4.本装置可针对不同车型，不同的行车工况选择相应的超导热板材质、超导热板启动温度、储热材料相变温度，以实现最高的能量回收效率。
附图说明
图1为本发明的一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置的组装图；
图2为本发明的一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置的剖视图；
图3为本发明的一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置的侧视图；
图4为本发明的一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置中超导热板的剖视图；
图中，1-超导热板，2-储热材料，3-导热翅片，4-散热翅片，5-温差发电片，6-分隔壁面，7-消声器，8-储热箱体。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施例对本发明作进一步详细说明。
如图1、图2、图3所示，本发明的一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置，所述装置通过法兰与汽车排气系统相连，法兰间设有耐高温耐腐蚀垫圈。
所述装置包括储热系统、热电转换系统、超导热板1以及消声器7；
所述储热系统包括储热箱体8、储热材料2和导热翅片3，所述储热箱体8是储能系统的载体，为圆环柱形，包裹在圆柱形消声器7的外侧，通过卡槽与消声器7外壁径向固定，所述储热材料2填充在储热箱体8中，所述导热翅片3置于所述储热材料2中；所述储热材料2为中高温复合相变材料，可根据发动机功率调整为不同的相变温度，具体可为石蜡、羧酸、熔融盐、金属合金等。所述储热系统共设置2个。
所述热电转换系统设置有多组，沿消声器7轴心环绕分布在所述储热箱体8外表面，每组所述热电转换系统包括散热翅片4和温差发电片5，所述导热翅片3与所述散热翅片4的个数相同，所述导热翅片3、散热翅片4的材质均为铝，导热翅片3埋于储热材料2中，所述温差发电片5是热电转换系统核心，所述温差发电片5的冷热两端端面涂有导热硅脂并分别与相邻的导热翅片3和散热翅片4贴合，导热翅片3和散热翅片4在温差发电片5的两侧形成温差使温差发电片5产生电能，温差发电片5产生的电能通过导线经稳压器接入汽车的供电电路，导热翅片3、散热翅片4和温差发电片5构成发电模块，将储热材料的热能转化为电能；散热翅片4另一端位于空气流道中进行散热。
所述消声器7通过两个分隔壁面6分为三个腔体，前两腔为抗性腔，配合超 导热板1降温从而实现中低频降噪，第三腔为阻性腔，内部填充消声材料实现高频降噪。
如图2、图4所示，所述超导热板1是主要的传热和热动转换元件，其包括多个沿消声器7轴心环绕分布的分支结构，每个分支机构由连接为一体的蒸发段和冷凝段组成，所述分支机构的蒸发段均内置于消声器7中，与消声器7腔体中的两个分隔壁面6紧密贴合，所述分支机构的冷凝段穿过消声器7壁面上的预留孔后内置于储热材料2中，所述分支结构由紫铜构成，可根据消声器7的截面形状转变其结构。所述超导热板1的工质可根据工作温度来确定。所述超导热板1的数量可以根据实际热负荷进行改变，用来调节针对不同车型的导热能力。
实施案例一：
应用于混合动力汽车时，发动机工作，尾气通过三元催化器后，温度可达400-600℃，高温尾气在通过消声器的共振腔和过渡腔时，在消声器的内部发生震荡混合，消声器壁面温度急剧升高，为焊接在壁面上的超导热板提供较高的热流密度；超导热管在达到一定热流密度阈值后内部工质发生气液两相流动，工质受热气化产生动力将气塞推至冷凝段冷却液化，通过不断的气液两相流动产生循环将热量从蒸发段所在的消声器传递到冷凝段所在的储热材料里。
由于行车工况在不断变化，发动机产生的热量不稳定，影响发电效率，因此通过储热材料在发生相变时利用其高潜热性能进行稳定的储放热；随着储能材料温度的升高以及空气流道对散热翅片的强制对流散热，温差发电片冷热两端产生温差进而产生塞贝克效应进行发电，通过并联导线将温差发电片产生的电流整流稳压后，对车辆动力电池供电，实现能量回收；同时在超导热板的作用下，消声器内部的热量导出，温度下降，实现消声器共振腔对中低频噪声的消声能力。
在发动机关闭时，持续储能的储能材料开始放热，原理同上，此时产生的电能可为车载电瓶进行充电，储存的电能可为再次用车进行发动机预热以及为起动机供电。
实施案例二：
应用于大型车辆及特种车辆时，由于其发热量及底盘空间的增加，能量回收设备的功能可得到进一步的拓展。例如大型运输车，柴油发动机在提供大功率动力外同时产生大量热量，加装能量回收装置后产生的热能既可为车辆提供电能也 可为空气源空调系统提供热源。
本发明装置结构简单紧凑，无需改造排气系统，可替换传统消声器直接吊装，合理结合超导热板强热输送能力、高形状适应性以及相变材料高潜热的优势，将尾气含有的高品质热量回收，提高混合动力汽车的燃油经济性，降低汽车尾气温度，同时提高消声系统对中低频噪声的消音能力，具有较高的经济价值与环保价值。

Claims (5)

  1. 一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置，其特征在于，所述装置通过法兰与汽车排气系统相连，所述装置包括储热系统、热电转换系统、超导热板(1)以及消声器(7)；
    所述储热系统包括储热箱体(8)、储热材料(2)和导热翅片(3)，所述储热箱体(8)为圆环柱形，包裹在圆柱形消声器(7)的外侧，通过卡槽与消声器(7)外壁径向固定，所述储热材料(2)填充在储热箱体(8)中，所述导热翅片(3)置于所述储热材料(2)中；所述热电转换系统设置有多组，沿消声器(7)轴心环绕分布在所述储热箱体(8)外表面，每组所述热电转换系统包括散热翅片(4)和温差发电片(5)，所述导热翅片(3)与所述散热翅片(4)的个数相同，所述温差发电片(5)的冷热两端分别与相邻的导热翅片(3)和散热翅片(4)贴合，散热翅片(4)另一端位于空气流道中进行散热；所述消声器(7)通过两个分隔壁面(6)分为三个腔体，前两腔为抗性腔，第三腔为阻性腔；所述超导热板(1)包括多个沿消声器(7)轴心环绕分布的分支结构，每个分支机构由连接为一体的蒸发段和冷凝段组成，所述分支机构的蒸发段均内置于消声器(7)中，与消声器(7)腔体中的两个分隔壁面(6)紧密贴合，所述分支机构的冷凝段均内置于储热材料(2)中。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置，其特征在于，所述储热材料(2)为中高温复合相变材料。
  3. 根据权利要求1所述的一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置，其特征在于，所述导热翅片(3)、散热翅片(4)的材质均为铝。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置，其特征在于，所述分支机构的材质为紫铜。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的一种储能型混合动力汽车能量回收及降噪装置，其特征在于，所述温差发电片(5)通过导线连接稳压器，所述稳压器连接汽车的供电电路。
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