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WO2021082766A1 - 一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统及方法 - Google Patents

一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统及方法 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082766A1
WO2021082766A1 PCT/CN2020/115137 CN2020115137W WO2021082766A1 WO 2021082766 A1 WO2021082766 A1 WO 2021082766A1 CN 2020115137 W CN2020115137 W CN 2020115137W WO 2021082766 A1 WO2021082766 A1 WO 2021082766A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
atomizer
wind
atomization
driven
particle size
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PCT/CN2020/115137
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
张瑞瑞
陈立平
李龙龙
徐刚
文瑶
伊铜川
Original Assignee
北京农业智能装备技术研究中心
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Application filed by 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心 filed Critical 北京农业智能装备技术研究中心
Priority to AU2020368984A priority Critical patent/AU2020368984B2/en
Priority to US17/296,426 priority patent/US11761836B2/en
Publication of WO2021082766A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082766A1/zh

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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
    • G01M9/02—Wind tunnels
    • G01M9/04—Details
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
    • G01L3/24—Devices for determining the value of power, e.g. by measuring and simultaneously multiplying the values of torque and revolutions per unit of time, by multiplying the values of tractive or propulsive force and velocity
    • G01L3/247—Devices for determining the value of power, e.g. by measuring and simultaneously multiplying the values of torque and revolutions per unit of time, by multiplying the values of tractive or propulsive force and velocity by measuring and simultaneously multiplying tractive or propulsive force and velocity
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
    • G01L3/00—Measuring torque, work, mechanical power, or mechanical efficiency, in general
    • G01L3/26—Devices for measuring efficiency, i.e. the ratio of power output to power input
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M9/00—Aerodynamic testing; Arrangements in or on wind tunnels
    • G01M9/06—Measuring arrangements specially adapted for aerodynamic testing

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of aerial spraying and wind-driven atomization, and in particular to a system and method for evaluating the atomization efficiency of a wind-driven atomizer.
  • the aerial spraying of agricultural aircraft has the advantages of fast flying speed, high spraying efficiency, and strong ability to respond to sudden disasters. It has received great attention in the field of agricultural plant protection.
  • the atomization efficiency of the wind-driven atomizer is the proportional relationship between the work value of the drag atomizer and the atomization quality of the atomizer unit volume of the atomizer when the aircraft is flying. It represents the atomizer atomizing the unit solution to a certain droplet. Particle size, the degree of kinetic energy consumed by the aircraft.
  • the present application proposes an atomization efficiency evaluation system for a wind-driven atomizer, which effectively evaluates the atomization efficiency and provides a quantitative evaluation index for the performance detection of the wind-driven atomizer.
  • This application also proposes a method for evaluating the atomization efficiency of a wind-driven atomizer.
  • a detection platform is included.
  • the detection platform is provided with a wind tunnel mechanism and a traction force measuring mechanism.
  • the traction force measuring mechanism is provided on the side of the air outlet end of the wind tunnel mechanism.
  • An atomizer mechanism and an atomization measuring mechanism are sequentially arranged on the platform along the direction of the wind field provided by the wind tunnel mechanism, and the atomizer mechanism is connected with the traction measuring mechanism.
  • a wind tunnel mechanism, a traction measurement mechanism, an atomizer mechanism, and an atomization measurement mechanism are set on the detection platform, and the wind tunnel mechanism provides the set wind speed.
  • the traction force measurement mechanism detects the traction force generated by the atomizer mechanism at the set wind speed
  • the atomization measurement mechanism detects the atomization parameters of the atomizer mechanism at the set wind speed, and then calculates the set wind speed and the set application
  • the atomization efficiency under the low volume provides a quantitative evaluation index for the performance detection of the wind-driven atomizer.
  • the wind tunnel mechanism includes a horizontally arranged hole body, and a blower motor is provided at the air inlet end of the hole body.
  • the traction force measurement mechanism includes a stress detector, a stress detector mounting frame, a mounting cross bar and a support rod, and the fixed end of the stress detector mounting frame is mounted on the detection platform, so
  • the stress detector is installed on the free end of the mounting frame of the stress detector, the detection end of the stress detector is connected to one end of the installation crossbar, and the other end of the installation crossbar is connected to the free end of the support rod.
  • the ends are connected by bearings, the axis of the mounting crossbar is perpendicular to the axis of the support rod, and the fixed end of the support rod is mounted on the detection platform.
  • the atomizer mechanism includes an atomizer, and the atomizer is installed on the installation crossbar.
  • the axis of the atomizer coincides with the axis of the cavity.
  • the end of the atomizer close to the air outlet end of the wind tunnel mechanism is provided with a paddle, and the end of the atomizer away from the air outlet end of the wind tunnel mechanism is provided with a droplet outlet .
  • the atomization measurement mechanism includes a particle size analyzer mounting frame, a first mist particle size analyzer and a second mist particle size analyzer, the particle size analyzer mounting frame is mounted on the detection platform, And the particle size analyzer mounting frame is close to the droplet outlet of the atomizer, and the first mist particle size analyzer and the second mist particle size analyzer are oppositely arranged on both sides of the particle size analyzer mounting frame, It is used to detect the atomization parameters of the atomizer droplets.
  • the detection platform is further provided with a liquid medicine supply mechanism.
  • the liquid medicine supply mechanism includes a liquid storage tank and a liquid supply pump. The liquid inlet of the liquid supply pump and the liquid storage The tank is in communication, and the liquid outlet of the liquid supply pump is in communication with the atomizer mechanism.
  • a flow sensor is provided on the communication pipe between the liquid supply pump and the atomizer mechanism.
  • the atomizer mechanism and the atomization measurement mechanism work, and the atomization measurement mechanism measures the atomization parameters Dv0.1, Dv0.5, Dv0.9;
  • P 0 is the energy consumption power of the atomizer mechanism when the wind speed is 120km/h and the dosage is 0.
  • the operation is convenient, the detection is accurate, the measurement result is accurate, and the reliability of the evaluation index is high.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an atomization efficiency evaluation system of a wind-driven atomizer according to an embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the assembly relationship between the atomizer mechanism and the traction force measuring mechanism of the atomization efficiency evaluation system of the wind driven atomizer according to the embodiment of the application;
  • FIG. 3 is a graph of the atomization efficiency measured by the method for evaluating the atomization efficiency of the wind-driven atomizer according to the embodiment of the application.
  • connection and “connected” should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Or one-piece connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.
  • connection should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection. Or one-piece connection; it can be mechanical connection or electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium.
  • the specific meanings of the above-mentioned terms in the embodiments of the present application can be understood in specific situations.
  • the first feature “on” or “under” the second feature may be in direct contact with the first and second features, or the first and second features may pass through the middle. Indirect media contact.
  • the "above”, “above” and “above” of the first feature on the second feature may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is higher than the second feature.
  • the “below”, “below” and “below” of the second feature of the first feature may be that the first feature is directly below or obliquely below the second feature, or it simply means that the level of the first feature is smaller than the second feature.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an atomization efficiency evaluation system for a wind-driven atomizer, which includes a detection platform 1.
  • the detection platform 1 is provided with a wind tunnel mechanism and a traction force measurement mechanism.
  • an atomizer mechanism and an atomization measuring mechanism are sequentially arranged on the detection platform 1 along the direction of the wind field provided by the wind tunnel mechanism, and the atomizer mechanism is connected with the traction measuring mechanism.
  • the wind tunnel mechanism By setting the wind tunnel mechanism, the traction force measuring mechanism, the atomizer mechanism and the atomization measuring mechanism on the detection platform 1, the wind tunnel mechanism provides the wind field with the set wind speed, and the traction force measurement structure detects the traction force generated by the atomizer mechanism at the set wind speed. , The atomization measurement mechanism detects the atomization parameters of the atomizer mechanism at the set wind speed, and then calculates the atomization efficiency at the set wind speed, which provides a quantitative evaluation index for the performance detection of the wind-driven atomizer.
  • the wind tunnel mechanism includes a horizontally arranged hole 2, and a blower motor 3 is provided at the air inlet end of the hole 2.
  • the cave body 2 is a horizontally arranged hollow cylindrical structure
  • the left end of the cave body 2 is provided with a blower motor 3
  • the right end of the cave body 2 is the air outlet end.
  • the inner diameter of the cave body 2 is reduced from left to right.
  • the frequency of the blower motor 3 the wind speed at the air outlet end of the cave body 2 can be adjusted to be true.
  • the wind tunnel mechanism can provide a wind field with a wind speed of 2 to 260 km/h.
  • the traction force measurement mechanism includes a stress detector 4, a stress detector mounting frame 5, a mounting crossbar 7 and a support rod 6, and the fixed end of the stress detector mounting frame 5 is mounted on the detection platform 1,
  • the stress detector 4 is installed on the free end of the stress detector mounting frame 5.
  • the detection end of the stress detector 4 is connected to one end of the installation crossbar 7, and the other end of the installation crossbar 7 is connected with the free end of the support rod 6 through a bearing,
  • the axis of the mounting crossbar 7 is perpendicular to the axis of the support rod 6, and the fixed end of the support rod 7 is mounted on the detection platform 1.
  • the stress detector mounting frame 5 is vertically installed on the testing platform 1 and is located on the side of the hole 2 close to the air outlet end of the hole 2 to prevent the stress detector mounting frame 5 from blocking the air outlet of the cavity 2 and stress detection
  • the meter 4 is installed on the outer side of the upper end of the stress detector mounting frame 5, which also prevents the stress detector 4 from generating resistance to the wind and affecting the detection structure.
  • the support rod 6 is vertically arranged on the detection platform 1, the installation crossbar 7 is horizontally arranged, and the first end of the installation crossbar 7 is provided with a perforation, and a bearing is provided in the perforation.
  • the free end of the support rod 6 is provided with a hinged post,
  • the column is inserted in the bearing hole of the bearing, and it is ensured that the mounting crossbar 7 can rotate horizontally around the hinged column.
  • the diameter of the hinge column is smaller than the diameter of the support rod 6 to realize the support of the free end of the support rod 6 to the first end of the installation cross rod 7.
  • a tapered roller bearing adapted to the hinged post is installed in the perforation, which reduces the friction between the hinged post and the perforation and improves the accuracy of stress detection.
  • the atomizer mechanism includes an atomizer 8, and the atomizer 8 is installed on the mounting crossbar 7. It can be understood that the second end of the installation crossbar 7 is connected to the detection end of the stress detector 4, and the atomizer 8 is installed in the middle of the installation crossbar 7. It is worth noting that the wind blown from the cavity 2 blows the atomizer 8 and generates traction on the atomizer 8 in the direction of the wind field, which drives the atomizer 8 to move to the right.
  • the crossbar 7 is installed by the atomizer 8 Driven to rotate horizontally to the right around the axis of the support rod 6, the second end of the mounting crossbar 7 drives the detection end of the stress detector 4 to move, and then the stress detector 4 reads the detected stress value.
  • the axis of the atomizer 8 coincides with the axis of the cavity 2. It is understandable that, in order to ensure the accuracy of the detection result, the atomizer 8 is arranged at the air outlet end of the cavity 2 to reduce wind speed loss and ensure the accuracy of wind speed detection.
  • the end of the atomizer 8 close to the air outlet end of the wind tunnel mechanism is provided with a paddle 9, and the end of the atomizer 8 away from the air outlet end of the wind tunnel mechanism is provided with a droplet outlet.
  • the blades 9 of the atomizer 8 are rotated by the wind force of the wind field, so as to realize the spraying of the droplets of the liquid medicine in the atomizer 8 after being atomized, thereby realizing the application effect.
  • the initial state is that the angle of attack of the blade 9 is 25 degrees, and the wind speed of the wind field provided by the wind tunnel mechanism is 120 km/h.
  • the atomization measurement mechanism includes a particle size analyzer mounting frame 10, a first mist particle size analyzer 11, and a second mist particle size analyzer 12.
  • the particle size analyzer mounting frame 10 is mounted on the detection platform 1, and In addition, the particle size analyzer mounting frame 10 is close to the droplet outlet of the atomizer 8.
  • the first mist particle size analyzer 11 and the second mist particle size analyzer 12 are arranged on both sides of the particle size analyzer mounting frame 10 to detect atomization. ⁇ 8 Droplet atomization parameters.
  • the particle size analyzer mounting frame 10 includes two vertical frames and a horizontal frame. The horizontal frames are respectively connected to the upper ends of the two vertical frames, and the lower ends of the two vertical frames are set on the detection platform 1.
  • the first fog particle size analysis The meter 11 and the second mist particle size analyzer 12 are respectively arranged on two mullions, and the detection ends of the first mist particle size analyzer 11 and the second mist particle size analyzer 12 are arranged relative to each other to realize the synchronous adjustment of the first mist particle size analyzer
  • the vertical heights of 11 and the second mist particle size analyzer 12 are used to detect the parameters of the mist droplets atomized by the atomizer 8 between the first mist particle size analyzer 11 and the second mist particle size analyzer 12 to ensure the measurement Full range of droplet size.
  • the detection platform 1 is also provided with a liquid medicine supply mechanism.
  • the liquid medicine supply mechanism includes a liquid storage tank 13 and a liquid supply pump 14.
  • the liquid inlet of the liquid supply pump 14 is in communication with the liquid storage tank 13.
  • the liquid outlet of the liquid supply pump 14 is in communication with the atomizer 8 of the atomizer mechanism. It can be understood that the liquid supply pump 14 provides power for the liquid medicine in the liquid storage tank 13 to be input into the atomizer 8.
  • a flow sensor 15 is provided on the communication pipe between the liquid supply pump 14 and the atomizer 8 of the atomizer mechanism. It is understandable that the flow rate of the liquid medicine is monitored in real time by the flow sensor 15.
  • the embodiment of the present application also provides a method for evaluating the atomization efficiency of a wind-driven atomizer, which includes the following steps:
  • the atomizer mechanism and the atomization measurement mechanism work, and the atomization measurement mechanism measures the atomization parameters Dv0.1, Dv0.5, Dv0.9;
  • P 0 is the energy consumption power of the atomizer mechanism when the wind speed is 120km/h and the dosage is 0.
  • the atomization parameters Dv0.1, Dv0.5, Dv0.9 where Dv0.1 means that the volume of all droplets smaller than the diameter accounts for 10% of the total volume of all droplets; Dv0.5 means that the volume is smaller than the diameter The volume of all droplets of, account for 50% of the total volume of all droplets; Dv0.9 means that the volume of all droplets smaller than this diameter account for 90% of the total volume of all droplets.
  • the method for evaluating the atomization efficiency of the embodiment of the present application has convenient operation, accurate detection, accurate measurement results, and high reliability of the evaluation index.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
  • Special Spraying Apparatus (AREA)

Abstract

涉及航空施药风驱雾化技术领域，提供了一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统及方法。风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统包括检测平台（1），检测平台（1）上设有风洞机构和牵引力测量机构，牵引力测量机构设于风洞机构的出风口端的旁侧，检测平台上沿风洞机构提供的风场的方向依次设置雾化器机构和雾化测量机构，雾化器机构与牵引力测量机构连接。雾化效率评价方法，包括如下步骤：产生风场；测量牵引力；测量雾化参数。有效评价雾化效率，为风驱雾化器的工作性能检测提供量化评价指标；操作方便，检测准确，测量结果精确，评价指标可靠性高。

Description

一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统及方法
相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求于2019年10月30日提交的申请号为201911046100.7，发明名称为“雾化效率评价系统及方法”的中国专利申请的优先权，其通过引用方式全部并入本文。
技术领域
本申请涉及航空施药风驱雾化技术领域，特别是涉及一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统及方法。
背景技术
农用飞机航空施药，具有飞行速度快，喷洒作业效率高，应对突发灾害能力强等优点，在农业植保领域受到了高度重视。
现有施药作业中，飞机飞行驱动雾化器转动会给飞机产生较大的风阻，增加飞机的飞行能耗，增加飞机飞行燃油成本。风驱雾化器雾化效率是飞机飞行时拖动雾化器做功值与雾化器雾化单位量药液雾化质量的比例关系，它表征雾化器雾化单位药液到一定雾滴粒径，所消耗飞机动能的程度。而在现有的技术中，还没有相关雾化效率评价系统和评价方法，无法为风驱雾化器的工作性能检测提供量化评价指标。
发明内容
本申请旨在至少解决现有技术中存在的技术问题之一。为此，本申请提出一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，有效评价雾化效率，为风驱雾化器的工作性能检测提供量化评价指标。
本申请还提出一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价方法。
根据本申请第一方面实施例，包括检测平台，所述检测平台上设有风洞机构和牵引力测量机构，所述牵引力测量机构设于所述风洞机构的出风口端的旁侧，所述检测平台上沿所述风洞机构提供的风场的方向依次设置雾化器机构和雾化测量机构，所述雾化器机构与所述牵引力测量机构连接。
根据本申请实施例的一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，通过在检测平台设置风洞机构、牵引力测量机构、雾化器机构和雾化测量机构，风洞机构提供设定风速的风场，牵引力测量机构检测设定风速下雾化器机构产生的牵引力，雾化测量机构检测设定风速下雾化器机构的雾化参数，进而计算出设定风速下和设定施药量下的雾化效率，为风驱雾化器的工作性能检测提供量化评价指标。
根据本申请的一个实施例，所述风洞机构包括水平设置的洞体，所述洞体的入风口端设有鼓风电机。
根据本申请的一个实施例，所述牵引力测量机构包括应力检测仪、应力检测仪安装架、安装横杆和支撑杆，所述应力检测仪安装架的固定端安装在所述检测平台上，所述应力检测仪安装在所述应力检测仪安装架的自由端，所述应力检测仪的检测端与所述安装横杆的一端连接，所述安装横杆的另一端与所述支撑杆的自由端通过轴承连接，且所述安装横杆的轴线与所述支撑杆的轴线垂直，所述支撑杆的固定端安装在所述检测平台上。
根据本申请的一个实施例，所述雾化器机构包括雾化器，所述雾化器安装在所述安装横杆上。
根据本申请的一个实施例，所述雾化器的轴线与所述洞体的轴线重合。
根据本申请的一个实施例，所述雾化器靠近所述风洞机构的出风口端的一端设有桨叶，所述雾化器背离所述风洞机构的出风口端的一端设有雾滴出口。
根据本申请的一个实施例，所述雾化测量机构包括粒度分析仪安装架、第一雾粒度分析仪和第二雾粒度分析仪，所述粒度分析仪安装架安装在所述检测平台上，且所述粒度分析仪安装架靠近所述雾化器的雾滴出口，所述第一雾粒度分析仪和所述第二雾粒度分析仪相对设置在所述粒度分析仪安装架的两侧，用以检测所述雾化器雾滴雾化参数。
根据本申请的一个实施例，所述检测平台上还设有药液供应机构，所述药液供应机构包括储液罐和供液泵，所述供液泵的进液口与所述储液罐连通，所述供液泵的出液口与所述雾化器机构连通。
根据本申请的一个实施例，所述供液泵与所述雾化器机构的连通管道上设有流量传感器。
根据本申请第二方面实施例的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价方法，包括如下步骤：
开启风洞机构，产生风速为V的风场；
开启牵引力测量机构，测量上述风速下雾化器机构产生的牵引力F，计算雾化器机构耗能功率P＝F×V；
雾化器机构和雾化测量机构工作，雾化测量机构测量雾化参数Dv0.1、Dv0.5、Dv0.9；
计算雾化器机构雾化粒径分布跨度RS＝(Dv0.9-Dv0.1)/Dv0.5；
计算雾化器机构的雾化效率
Figure PCTCN2020115137-appb-000001
其中，
d＝Dv0.5/250μm，
Figure PCTCN2020115137-appb-000002
P 0为风速为120km/h，且施药量为0时雾化器机构耗能功率。
根据本申请实施例的雾化效率评价方法，操作方便，检测准确，测量结果精确，评价指标可靠性高。
本申请的附加方面和优点将在下面的描述中部分给出，部分将从下面的描述中变得明显，或通过本申请的实践了解到。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作一简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1为本申请实施例风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统的简示图；
图2为本申请实施例风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统的雾化器机构与牵引力测量机构装配关系示意图；
图3为本申请实施例风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价方法测得的雾化效率曲线图。
附图标记：
1：检测平台；2：风洞；3：鼓风电机；4：应力检测仪；5：应力检测仪安装架；6：支撑杆；7：安装横杆；8：雾化器；9：桨叶；10：粒度分析仪安装架；11：第一雾粒度分析仪；12：第二粒度分析仪；13：储液 罐；14：供液泵；15：流量传感器。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例对本申请的实施方式作进一步详细描述。以下实施例用于说明本申请，但不能用来限制本申请的范围。
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，术语“中心”、“纵向”、“横向”、“上”、“下”、“前”、“后”、“左”、“右”、“竖直”、“水平”、“顶”、“底”、“内”、“外”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系，仅是为了便于描述本申请实施例和简化描述，而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作，因此不能理解为对本申请实施例的限制。此外，术语“第一”、“第二”、“第三”仅用于描述目的，而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。
在本申请实施例的描述中，需要说明的是，除非另有明确的规定和限定，术语“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解，例如，可以是固定连接，也可以是可拆卸连接，或一体连接；可以是机械连接，也可以是电连接；可以是直接相连，也可以通过中间媒介间接相连。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言，可以具体情况理解上述术语在本申请实施例中的具体含义。
在本申请实施例中，除非另有明确的规定和限定，第一特征在第二特征“上”或“下”可以是第一和第二特征直接接触，或第一和第二特征通过中间媒介间接接触。而且，第一特征在第二特征“之上”、“上方”和“上面”可是第一特征在第二特征正上方或斜上方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度高于第二特征。第一特征在第二特征“之下”、“下方”和“下面”可以是第一特征在第二特征正下方或斜下方，或仅仅表示第一特征水平高度小于第二特征。
在本说明书的描述中，参考术语“一个实施例”、“一些实施例”、“示例”、“具体示例”、或“一些示例”等的描述意指结合该实施例或示例描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点包含于本申请实施例的至少一个实施例或示例中。在本说明书中，对上述术语的示意性表述不必须针对的是相同的实施例或示例。而且，描述的具体特征、结构、材料或者特点可以在任一个或多个实施例或示例中以合适的方式结合。此外，在不相互 矛盾的情况下，本领域的技术人员可以将本说明书中描述的不同实施例或示例以及不同实施例或示例的特征进行结合和组合。
如图1和图2所示，本申请实施例提供一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，包括检测平台1，检测平台1上设有风洞机构和牵引力测量机构，牵引力测量机构设于风洞机构的出风口端的旁侧，检测平台1上沿风洞机构提供的风场的方向依次设置雾化器机构和雾化测量机构，雾化器机构与牵引力测量机构连接。通过在检测平台1设置风洞机构、牵引力测量机构、雾化器机构和雾化测量机构，风洞机构提供设定风速的风场，牵引力测量结构检测设定风速下雾化器机构产生的牵引力，雾化测量机构检测设定风速下雾化器机构的雾化参数，进而计算出设定风速下的雾化效率，为风驱雾化器的工作性能检测提供量化评价指标。
在本申请的一个实施例中，风洞机构包括水平设置的洞体2，洞体2的入风口端设有鼓风电机3。可以理解的，洞体2为水平设置的空心柱状结构，洞体2的左端设置鼓风电机3，洞体2的右端为出风口端。值得说明的，为了便于调整风场的风速，洞体2的内径由左向右依次减小，通过调整鼓风电机3的频率，实现对洞体2出风口端处的风速的调整，以真实的模拟农业航空施药过程中的飞行环境。本实施例中，风洞机构可提供2～260km/h的风速风场。
在本申请的一个实施例中，牵引力测量机构包括应力检测仪4、应力检测仪安装架5、安装横杆7和支撑杆6，应力检测仪安装架5的固定端安装在检测平台1上，应力检测仪4安装在应力检测仪安装架5的自由端，应力检测仪4的检测端与安装横杆7的一端连接，安装横杆7的另一端与支撑杆6的自由端通过轴承连接，且安装横杆7的轴线与支撑杆6的轴线垂直，支撑杆7的固定端安装在检测平台1上。可以理解的，应力检测仪安装架5竖直安装在检测平台1，且位于洞体2靠近洞体2的出风口端的一旁，防止应力检测仪安装架5遮挡洞体2的出风口，应力检测仪4安装在应力检测仪安装架5的上端外侧，同样防止应力检测仪4对风产生阻力，影响检测结构。支撑杆6竖直设置在检测平台1上，安装横杆7水平设置，且安装横杆7的第一端设有穿孔，穿孔内设有轴承，支撑杆6的自由端设有铰接柱，铰接柱穿设在轴承的轴承孔内内，并保证安装横杆7可绕铰接 柱水平转动。值得说明的，铰接柱的直径小于支撑杆6的直径，实现支撑杆6的自由端对安装横杆7的第一端的支撑。在一个例子中，穿孔内设有与铰接柱安装适配的圆锥滚子轴承，减小铰接柱与穿孔之间的摩擦力，提高应力检测的精确度。
在本申请的一个实施例中，雾化器机构包括雾化器8，雾化器8安装在安装横杆7上。可以理解的，安装横杆7的第二端与应力检测仪4的检测端连接，雾化器8安装在安装横杆7的中部。值得说明的，洞体2吹出的风吹动雾化器8，对雾化器8产生沿风场方向的牵引力，带动雾化器8向右移动，同时，安装横杆7受雾化器8的带动绕支撑杆6的轴线水平向右旋转，安装横杆7的第二端带动应力检测仪4的检测端移动，进而应力检测仪4读取检测的应力值。
在本申请的一个实施例中，雾化器8的轴线与洞体2的轴线重合。可以理解的，为了保证检测结果的准确性，雾化器8设置在洞体2的出风口端处，减少风速损耗，保证风速检测的准确性。
在本申请的一个实施例中，雾化器8靠近风洞机构的出风口端的一端设有桨叶9，雾化器8背离风洞机构的出风口端的一端设有雾滴出口。可以理解的，雾化器8的桨叶9受到风场的风力转动，实现将雾化器8内的药液经雾化作用后转化为的雾滴吹散，进而实现施药效果。本实施例中，初始状态为桨叶9的攻角为25度，风洞机构提供的风场风速为120km/h。
在本申请的一个实施例中，雾化测量机构包括粒度分析仪安装架10、第一雾粒度分析仪11和第二雾粒度分析仪12，粒度分析仪安装架10安装在检测平台1上，且粒度分析仪安装架10靠近雾化器8的雾滴出口，第一雾粒度分析仪11和第二雾粒度分析仪12相对设置在粒度分析仪安装架10的两侧，用以检测雾化器8雾滴雾化参数。可以理解的，粒度分析仪安装架10包括两个竖框和一个横框，横框分别与两个竖框的上端连接，两个竖框的下端设置在检测平台1上，第一雾粒度分析仪11和第二雾粒度分析仪12分别设在两个竖框上，且第一雾粒度分析仪11和第二雾粒度分析仪12的检测端相对设置，实现同步调整第一雾粒度分析仪11和第二雾粒度分析仪12的竖直高度，用以检测经过第一雾粒度分析仪11和第二雾粒度分析仪12之间的雾化器8雾化的雾滴的参数，保证测量全范围的雾 滴粒径。
在本申请的一个实施例中，检测平台1上还设有药液供应机构，药液供应机构包括储液罐13和供液泵14，供液泵14的进液口与储液罐13连通，供液泵14的出液口与雾化器机构的雾化器8连通。可以理解的，供液泵14为储液罐13内的药液输入雾化器8内提供动力。
在本申请的一个实施例中，供液泵14与雾化器机构的雾化器8的连通管道上设有流量传感器15。可以理解的，通过流量传感器15实时监控药液流速。
本申请实施例还提供一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价方法，包括如下步骤：
开启风洞机构，产生风速为V的风场；
开启药液供应机构，控制施药流量，设定药液流速q，模拟施药作业要求；
开启牵引力测量机构，测量上述风速下雾化器机构产生的牵引力F，计算雾化器机构耗能功率P＝F×V；
雾化器机构和雾化测量机构工作，雾化测量机构测量雾化参数Dv0.1、Dv0.5、Dv0.9；
计算雾化器机构雾化粒径分布跨度RS＝(Dv0.9-Dv0.1)/Dv0.5；
计算雾化器机构的雾化效率
Figure PCTCN2020115137-appb-000003
其中，
d＝Dv0.5/250μm，
Figure PCTCN2020115137-appb-000004
P 0为风速为120km/h，且施药量为0时雾化器机构耗能功率。
其中，以V 0＝120km/h，桨叶的攻角为25度，施药流量为0为初始状态，检测初始牵引力F 0，计算P 0＝F 0×120km/h。
其中，雾化参数Dv0.1、Dv0.5、Dv0.9，其中，Dv0.1是指小于该直径的所有液滴体积占全部液滴总体积的10％；Dv0.5是指小于该直径的所有液滴体积占全部液滴总体积的50％；Dv0.9是指小于该直径的所有液滴体积占全部液滴总体积的90％。
根据模拟设定的施药量，设定药液流速q，通过改变风洞机构产生的风场风速V，实现不同风速下雾化效率η的检测，η值越大表示雾化器的雾化效率越大，反之雾化器的雾化效率越小。
将η i(V i，q i)绘制在平面坐标系中，得到该雾化器的雾化效率曲线q＝f(v)。如图3所示，在设定药液流速q分别为5L/min和10L/min的情况下，不同风场风速V与雾化效率η的曲线图。
本申请实施例的雾化效率评价方法，操作方便，检测准确，测量结果精确，评价指标可靠性高。
以上实施方式仅用于说明本申请，而非对本申请的限制。尽管参照实施例对本申请进行了详细说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解，对本申请的技术方案进行各种组合、修改或者等同替换，都不脱离本申请技术方案的精神和范围，均应涵盖在本申请的权利要求范围中。

Claims (10)

  1. 一种风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，其特征在于，包括检测平台，所述检测平台上设有风洞机构和牵引力测量机构，所述牵引力测量机构设于所述风洞机构的出风口端的旁侧，所述检测平台上沿所述风洞机构提供的风场的方向依次设置雾化器机构和雾化测量机构，所述雾化器机构与所述牵引力测量机构连接。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，其特征在于，所述风洞机构包括水平设置的洞体，所述洞体的入风口端设有鼓风电机。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，其特征在于，所述牵引力测量机构包括应力检测仪、应力检测仪安装架、安装横杆和支撑杆，所述应力检测仪安装架的固定端安装在所述检测平台上，所述应力检测仪安装在所述应力检测仪安装架的自由端，所述应力检测仪的检测端与所述安装横杆的一端连接，所述安装横杆的另一端与所述支撑杆的自由端通过轴承连接，且所述安装横杆的轴线与所述支撑杆的轴线垂直，所述支撑杆的固定端安装在所述检测平台上。
  4. 根据权利要求3所述的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，其特征在于，所述雾化器机构包括雾化器，所述雾化器安装在所述安装横杆上。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，其特征在于，所述雾化器的轴线与所述洞体的轴线重合。
  6. 根据权利要求5所述的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，其特征在于，所述雾化器靠近所述风洞机构的出风口端的一端设有桨叶，所述雾化器背离所述风洞机构的出风口端的一端设有雾滴出口。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，其特征在于，所述雾化测量机构包括粒度分析仪安装架、第一雾粒度分析仪和第二雾粒度分析仪，所述粒度分析仪安装架安装在所述检测平台上，且所述粒度分析仪安装架靠近所述雾化器的雾滴出口，所述第一雾粒度分析仪和所述第二雾粒度分析仪相对设置在所述粒度分析仪安装架的两侧，用以检测所述雾化器雾滴雾化参数。
  8. 根据权利要求1所述的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，其特征 在于，所述检测平台上还设有药液供应机构，所述药液供应机构包括储液罐和供液泵，所述供液泵的进液口与所述储液罐连通，所述供液泵的出液口与所述雾化器机构连通。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统，其特征在于，所述供液泵与所述雾化器机构的连通管道上设有流量传感器。
  10. 一种如权利要求1-9任一项所述的风驱雾化器的雾化效率评价系统的评价方法，其特征在于，包括如下步骤：
    开启风洞机构，产生风速为V的风场；
    开启牵引力测量机构，测量上述风速下雾化器机构产生的牵引力F，计算雾化器机构耗能功率P＝F×V；
    雾化器机构和雾化测量机构工作，雾化测量机构测量雾化参数Dv0.1、Dv0.5、Dv0.9；
    计算雾化器机构雾化粒径分布跨度RS＝(Dv0.9-Dv0.1)/Dv0.5；
    计算雾化器机构的雾化效率
    Figure PCTCN2020115137-appb-100001
    其中，
    d＝Dv0.5/250μm，
    Figure PCTCN2020115137-appb-100002
    P 0为风速为120km/h，且施药量为0时雾化器机构耗能功率。
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