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WO2021082076A1 - 一种空调机 - Google Patents

一种空调机 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2021082076A1
WO2021082076A1 PCT/CN2019/117906 CN2019117906W WO2021082076A1 WO 2021082076 A1 WO2021082076 A1 WO 2021082076A1 CN 2019117906 W CN2019117906 W CN 2019117906W WO 2021082076 A1 WO2021082076 A1 WO 2021082076A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
indoor heat
outdoor
expansion valve
refrigerant
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/117906
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
彭炳全
吕根贵
Original Assignee
海信家电集团股份有限公司
海信（广东）空调有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201911061927.5A external-priority patent/CN110686315A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201911061213.4A external-priority patent/CN110686314A/zh
Priority claimed from CN201921870642.1U external-priority patent/CN210980078U/zh
Priority claimed from CN201921870650.6U external-priority patent/CN210980079U/zh
Application filed by 海信家电集团股份有限公司, 海信（广东）空调有限公司 filed Critical 海信家电集团股份有限公司
Priority to JP2020511161A priority Critical patent/JP7138162B2/ja
Publication of WO2021082076A1 publication Critical patent/WO2021082076A1/zh

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/62—Control or safety arrangements characterised by the type of control or by internal processing, e.g. using fuzzy logic, adaptive control or estimation of values
    • F24F11/63—Electronic processing
    • F24F11/65—Electronic processing for selecting an operating mode
    • F24F11/67—Switching between heating and cooling modes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
    • F28G—CLEANING OF INTERNAL OR EXTERNAL SURFACES OF HEAT-EXCHANGE OR HEAT-TRANSFER CONDUITS, e.g. WATER TUBES OR BOILERS
    • F28G13/00—Appliances or processes not covered by groups F28G1/00 - F28G11/00; Combinations of appliances or processes covered by groups F28G1/00 - F28G11/00

Definitions

  • This application relates to the technical field of air conditioners, and in particular to an air conditioner.
  • the main cleaning method of the existing air conditioner is to freeze the surface of the indoor unit coil in the cooling mode to form an ice layer, and switch from the cooling mode to the heating mode to melt the ice layer and form condensed water.
  • the condensed water is in the fan.
  • the airflow provided will take away the dust on the surface of the heat exchanger and achieve the cleaning effect on the air conditioner.
  • the existing air conditioner is in the cleaning mode, the ice layer on the surface melts too fast to cause the condensation formed by melting
  • the low water volume reduces the cleaning performance of the dust on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger.
  • the embodiments of the present application provide an air conditioner and an air conditioner cleaning method, which are used to solve the problem of poor air conditioner cleaning effect in the prior art and effectively clean the air conditioner.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides an air conditioner, including: a compressor for compressing a low-pressure refrigerant to form a high-pressure refrigerant; an indoor heat exchanger for performing indoor airflow with the refrigerant transmitted in the indoor heat exchanger Heat exchange; an outdoor heat exchanger for heat exchange between the outdoor airflow and the refrigerant transmitted in the outdoor heat exchanger; an expansion valve, connected between the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger, The pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger and the outdoor heat exchanger is adjusted by the opening degree of the expansion valve; the outdoor control part is configured to at least control the opening degree and the pressure of the expansion valve The operating frequency of the compressor; a refrigerant circuit consisting of the compressor, the outdoor heat exchanger, the expansion valve, and the indoor heat exchanger connected in sequence, and the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit; The indoor heat exchanger is configured by the outdoor control unit to operate as an evaporator to form an ice layer on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger
  • the compressor After the ice layer is formed on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger, the compressor is The outdoor control part is configured to stop working according to a preset stop time to melt the ice layer formed on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger; the expansion valve is controlled by the outdoor control part to stop working when the compressor is configured to stop working The opening degree at time and the opening degree of the expansion valve when the indoor heat exchanger is configured as the evaporator remain unchanged.
  • the compressor is configured to start operation by the outdoor control unit after the preset shutdown time, and the indoor heat exchanger is configured to operate as a condenser by the outdoor control unit to dry the surface of the indoor heat exchanger .
  • the expansion valve is controlled by the outdoor control unit to have a smaller opening when the indoor heat exchanger is configured as the condenser to operate than when the expansion valve is configured as the evaporator when the indoor heat exchanger is configured as the evaporator Opening when working.
  • the four-way valve is connected to the refrigerant circuit, and the four-way valve switches the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit under the control of the outdoor control unit so that the indoor heat exchanger is an evaporator or a condenser jobs.
  • the expansion valve is controlled by the outdoor control unit so that the opening degree of the compressor remains unchanged during the preset shutdown time when the compressor is configured to shut down.
  • the expansion valve is controlled by the outdoor control unit to maintain the same opening degree when the indoor heat exchanger is configured to operate the condenser.
  • the indoor heat exchanger is configured by the outdoor control part to work as an evaporator so that an ice layer is formed on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger.
  • the indoor heat exchange The condenser is configured to work as a condenser to melt the ice layer formed on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger;
  • the expansion valve is controlled by the outdoor control unit to have an opening when the compressor is configured to shut down and the indoor heat exchanger is configured as an evaporator
  • the opening degree during operation remains unchanged to prevent the rapid circulation of the refrigerant in the indoor heat exchanger due to the increase in the opening degree of the expansion valve when the compressor is stopped, and the melting rate of the ice layer on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger is too high to maintain
  • the constant opening of the expansion valve can reduce the melting rate of the ice layer on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger, so that the condensed water formed by the melting of the ice layer slowly forms on the surface
  • the condensed water can increase the amount of condensed water to increase the dust washing, thereby improving the cleaning effect of condensed water on the surface dust of the indoor heat exchanger, which solves the problem of air conditioning in the prior art.
  • the problem of poor cleaning effect is to effectively clean the internal heat exchanger of the air conditioner.
  • FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an air conditioner provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of an air conditioner system provided by an embodiment of the application.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides an air conditioner.
  • the air conditioner is a split air conditioner composed of an outdoor unit 10 and an indoor unit 20.
  • the outdoor unit 10 and the indoor unit 20 are connected by pipelines for transmission.
  • the refrigerant is connected by a data cable to transmit communication information.
  • the air conditioner may also include an air purification unit, a ventilation unit, a humidification unit, a dehumidification unit, a heater, and the like.
  • the above-mentioned units may be integrally controlled in a state of being coupled to the outdoor unit 10 and the indoor unit 20.
  • the outdoor unit 10 includes a compressor 11, an outdoor heat exchanger 12, an expansion valve 13, an outdoor control unit 14, an outdoor fan 15 and a four-way valve 16.
  • the compressor 11 is used to compress the refrigerant so that the low-pressure refrigerant is compressed to form a high-pressure refrigerant.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 12 is used to exchange heat between the outdoor airflow and the refrigerant transmitted in the outdoor heat exchanger 12.
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 12 works as a condenser under the cooling condition of the air conditioner, so that the compressor 11
  • the compressed refrigerant is condensed in the outdoor heat exchanger 12
  • the outdoor heat exchanger 12 works as an evaporator under the heating condition of the air conditioner, so that the decompressed refrigerant evaporates in the outdoor heat exchanger 12.
  • the cooling fins (not shown) of the outdoor heat exchanger 12 are used to expand the refrigerant pipes (not shown) of the outdoor heat exchanger 12 through which the outdoor air and refrigerant pass. ) To improve the heat exchange efficiency between the outdoor air and the refrigerant.
  • the expansion valve 13 is connected between the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger 12.
  • the opening of the expansion valve 13 adjusts the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger 12 to adjust the pressure of the refrigerant flowing indoors.
  • the flow rate of the refrigerant between the heat exchanger 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger 12, wherein the flow value and pressure value of the refrigerant circulating in the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger 12 will affect the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger.
  • the expansion valve 13 may be an electronic valve, and the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 is adjustable to control the flow and pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the expansion valve 13.
  • the outdoor control unit 14 is configured to control the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 and the operating frequency of the compressor 11.
  • the outdoor fan 15 is used to suck outdoor air into the outdoor unit 10 through the outdoor air inlet, exchange heat through the outdoor heat exchanger 12 and send it out from the outdoor air outlet, and the outdoor fan 15 provides power for the flow of air.
  • the four-way valve 16 is connected to the refrigerant circuit.
  • the four-way valve 16 is controlled by the outdoor control unit 14 to switch the flow direction of the refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit so that the indoor unit 20 performs cooling or heating conditions.
  • the refrigerant circuit is composed of a compressor 11, an outdoor heat exchanger 12, an expansion valve 13, and an indoor heat exchanger 21 connected in sequence.
  • the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit for the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the outdoor heat exchanger 12
  • the heat is exchanged with the air respectively to realize cooling or heating of the indoor unit 20.
  • the indoor unit 20 includes an indoor heat exchanger 21, an indoor fan 22, and an indoor control unit 23.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 21 is used to exchange heat between the indoor airflow and the refrigerant transmitted in the indoor heat exchanger 21.
  • the indoor fan 22 is used to suck indoor air into the indoor unit 20 through the indoor air inlet, exchange heat through the indoor heat exchanger 21 and send it out from the indoor air outlet, and the indoor fan 22 provides power for the flow of air.
  • the indoor control unit 23 is configured to control the rotation speed of the indoor fan 22, and the indoor control unit 23 and the outdoor control unit 14 are connected through a data line to transmit communication information.
  • the indoor unit 20 In order to clean the dust attached to the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21, the indoor unit 20 is controlled to perform a cooling mode, and the compressor 11 works. Specifically, the outdoor control unit 14 controls the four-way valve 16 so that the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant circuit according to a preset flow direction so that the indoor unit 20 operates in a cooling mode, and when the indoor unit 20 operates in a cooling mode
  • the indoor heat exchanger 21 is configured to work as an evaporator, and water molecules in the air meet cold on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21, condense on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21 and further form an ice layer.
  • the outdoor control unit 14 controls the compressor 11 to stop working according to the preset shutdown time, so that the compressor 11 maintains the stopped state for the preset shutdown time, so that the compressor 11 is in the indoor unit. 20.
  • Overpressure protection when operating conditions are switched.
  • the preset shutdown time of the compressor 11 is 3 minutes.
  • the outdoor control unit 14 controls the start of the compressor 11, and the outdoor control unit 14 controls the four-way valve 16 so that the refrigerant flows in the refrigerant circuit according to the preset flow direction.
  • the indoor unit 20 is made to work under heating conditions.
  • the indoor heat exchanger 21 is configured to work as a condenser, and thus, the indoor heat exchanger 21 is configured as a condenser.
  • the condensed water formed by the melting of the ice layer can clean the dust contained in the ice layer.
  • the condensed water flows on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21.
  • the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21 can be washed to ensure the cleanliness of the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21.
  • the expansion valve 13 is controlled by the outdoor control unit 14 to open and expand during the preset shutdown time when the compressor 11 is configured to shut down.
  • the opening degree of the valve 13 in the indoor heat exchanger 21 is configured to maintain the same when the evaporator is working, that is, the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 when the compressor stops working is different from that of the indoor unit 20 in the cooling mode.
  • the opening degree of the layer is the same during operation.
  • the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 when the compressor is stopped is 400°
  • the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 when the indoor unit 20 is working to form an ice layer under cooling conditions is 400°.
  • the refrigerant is prevented from quickly circulating in the indoor heat exchanger 21, and the refrigerant with a lower flow rate is flowing through the indoor heat exchanger 21.
  • the heat exchange performance of the indoor heat exchanger 21 is reduced, and the melting rate of the ice layer on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger is reduced, so that the condensed water formed by the melting of the ice layer slowly forms on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21 and melts slowly.
  • the formed condensate can fully contact the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21 to absorb and wash away the dust attached to the indoor heat exchanger 21.
  • the amount of condensate water can be increased to increase the washing of dust on the surface of the heat exchanger, and further Therefore, the cleaning performance of the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21 is improved.
  • the compressor 11 stops working during the preset stop time.
  • the purpose is to protect the compressor 11 from overpressure protection before the indoor unit 20 is switched from the cooling mode to the heating mode.
  • the expansion valve The opening degree of 13 cannot be reduced so that the pressure between the indoor unit and the outdoor unit is too high, which affects the restart of the compressor 11 and the stability of the refrigerant circuit.
  • the expansion valve 13 is controlled by the outdoor control unit 14 to have a smaller opening when the indoor heat exchanger 21 is configured to operate as a condenser. 13
  • the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 is smaller than that of the indoor unit 20 when the indoor unit 20 is working to melt ice under heating conditions.
  • the opening degree of the expansion valve 13 when the indoor unit 20 is in the heating mode to melt the ice layer is 300°
  • the expansion valve 13 is in the indoor unit 20
  • the opening degree is 400° when the ice layer is formed under the cooling condition.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant of the outdoor heat exchanger slowly enters the indoor heat exchanger 21, and the refrigerant with a lower flow rate is flowing. Passing through the indoor heat exchanger 21 can reduce the heat exchange performance of the indoor heat exchanger 21, thereby reducing the melting rate of the ice layer on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger, so that the condensed water formed by the melting of the ice layer is slowly formed in the indoor heat exchanger On the surface of 21, the condensed water formed by the slow melting can fully contact the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21 to absorb and wash away the dust attached to the indoor heat exchanger 21, and at the same time, it can increase the amount of condensed water to increase the impact on the heat exchanger.
  • the scouring of surface dust improves the cleaning performance of the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21 in some embodiments of the present application.
  • the expansion valve 13 is controlled by the outdoor control unit 14 to maintain the same opening during the preset shutdown time of the compressor 11 to prevent The refrigerant circuit fluctuates in the refrigerant flow when the compressor 11 is shut down.
  • the expansion valve 13 is controlled by the outdoor control unit 14 to maintain the same opening when the indoor heat exchanger 21 is configured to operate as a condenser, thereby preventing the refrigerant circuit from being controlled by the indoor unit 20.
  • the flow of the refrigerant during operation under hot conditions fluctuates to ensure the stability of the melting of the ice layer on the surface of the indoor heat exchanger 21 and the stability of the condensed water volume.
  • the above-mentioned units can be separately established processors, or they can be integrated into a certain processor of the controller for implementation. In addition, they can also be stored in the memory of the controller in the form of program codes, and the controller One of the processors calls and executes the functions of the above units.
  • the processor described here may be a central processing unit (CPU), or a specific integrated circuit (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), or may be configured to implement one or more integrated circuits of the embodiments of the present application Circuit.
  • the size of the sequence number of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution, and the execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not correspond to the embodiments of the present application.
  • the implementation process constitutes any limitation.
  • the disclosed system, device, and method may be implemented in other ways.
  • the device embodiments described above are only illustrative.
  • the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other divisions in actual implementation, for example, multiple units or components may be combined or It can be integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not implemented.
  • the displayed or discussed mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection may be indirect coupling or communication connection between devices or units through some interfaces, and may be in electrical, mechanical or other forms.
  • the units described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, and the components displayed as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place, or they may be distributed on multiple network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
  • the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fuzzy Systems (AREA)
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Abstract

一种空调机，其室内换热器（21）被室外控制部（14）配置为蒸发器工作以使室内换热器（21）表面形成冰层，在室内换热器（21）表面形成冰层之后，室内换热器（21）被配置为冷凝器工作以使形成于室内换热器（21）表面的冰层融化；膨胀阀（13）被室外控制部（14）控制为在压缩机（11）配置为停机工作时的开度与室内换热器（21）被配置为蒸发器工作时的开度维持不变。

Description

一种空调机
本公开要求在2019年11月1日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911061927.5、申请名称为“一种空调机”的中国专利申请的优先权；在2019年11月1日提交中国专利局、申请号为201921870642.1、申请名称为“一种空调机”的中国专利申请的优先权；在2019年11月1日提交中国专利局、申请号为201911061213.4、申请名称为“一种空调机”的中国专利申请的优先权；以及在2019年11月1日提交中国专利局、申请号为201921870650.6、申请名称为“一种空调机”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本申请涉及空调技术领域，尤其涉及一种空调机。
背景技术
空调经过长时间的放置或使用后，换热器的表面会存在一定的尘垢，这些尘垢会降低换热器的换热效率，从而导致空调的性能下降能耗提高。现有空调机的主要清洁方式是：在制冷工况下使室内机盘管表面冻结形成冰层，由制冷工况切换为制热工况，使得冰层融化并形成冷凝水，冷凝水在风扇所提供的气流推动下将换热器表面的灰尘带走，实现对空调机的清洁作用，但现有空调机在执行清洁模式时，因其表面的冰层融化速度过快使得融化形成的冷凝水量较低，进而降低对室内换热器表面灰尘的清洁性能。
发明内容
本申请的实施例提供一种空调和空调清洁方法，用于解决现有技术中空调清洁效果较差的问题，对空调进行有效的清洁。
为达到上述目的，本申请的实施例采用如下技术方案：
本申请的实施例提供了一种空调机，包括：压缩机，用于将低压冷媒压缩形成高压冷媒；室内换热器，用于将室内气流与传输于所述室内换热器中的冷媒进行热交换；室外换热器，用于将室外气流与传输于所述室外换热器中的冷媒进行热交换；膨胀阀，连接于所述室内换热器与所述室外换热器之间，由所述膨胀阀的开度大小调整流经所述室内换热器和所述室外换热器的冷媒的压力；室外控制部，被配置为至少用于控制所述膨胀阀的开度和所述压缩机的工作频率；冷媒回路，由依序连接的所述压缩机、所述室外换热器、所述膨胀阀和所述室内换热器所组成，冷媒于所述冷媒回路中循环流动；所述室内换热器被所述室外控制部配置为蒸发器工作以使所述室内换热器表面形成冰层，在所述室内换热器表面形成冰层之后，所述压缩机被所述室外控制部按照预设停机时间配置为停止工作以使形成于所述室内换热器表面的冰层融化；所述膨胀阀被所述室外控制部控制为在所述压缩机被配置为停止工作时的开度与所述膨胀阀在所述室内换热器被配置为所述蒸发器工作时的开度维持不变。
所述压缩机经过所述预设停机时间之后被所述室外控制部配置为启动工作，且所室内换热器被所述室外控制部配置为冷凝器工作以干燥所述室内换热器的表面。
所述膨胀阀被所述室外控制部控制为在所述室内换热器被配置为所述冷凝器工作时的开度小于所述膨胀阀在所述室内换热器被配置为所述蒸发器工作时的开度。
四通阀，连接于所述冷媒回路内，所述四通阀在所述室外控制部的控制下切换冷媒在所述冷媒回路中的流向以使所述室内换热器以蒸发器或冷凝器工作。
所述膨胀阀被所述室外控制部控制为在所述压缩机被配置停机工作的所述 预设停机时间内的开度保持不变。
所述膨胀阀被所述室外控制部控制为在所述室内换热器被配置为所述冷凝器工作时的开度保持不变。
本申请的实施例提供的空调机，其室内换热器被室外控制部配置为蒸发器工作以使室内换热器表面形成冰层，在室内换热器表面形成冰层之后，所室内换热器被配置为冷凝器工作以使形成于室内换热器表面的冰层融化；膨胀阀被室外控制部控制为在压缩机配置为停机工作时的开度与室内换热器被配置为蒸发器工作时的开度维持不变，防止因膨胀阀在压缩机停机工作时的开度增大而使得冷媒快速在室内换热器内流通，使得室内换热器表面冰层融化速率过大，维持膨胀阀开度不变可降低室内换热器表面的冰层融化速率，使得由冰层融化所形成的冷凝水缓慢形成于室内换热器的表面，即可保证冷凝水充分与室内换热器的表面相接触以吸纳附着于其表面的灰尘，又可提高冷凝水水量以加大对灰尘冲刷，由此提高冷凝水对室内换热器表面灰尘的清洁效果，解决了解决现有技术中空调清洁效果较差的问题，对空调内部换热器进行有效的清洁。
附图说明
图1为本申请的实施例提供的一种空调的结构示意图；
图2为本申请的实施例提供的一种空调的系统示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本申请的具体实施方式做进一步的详细说明。
如图1和2所示，本申请实施例提供了一种空调机，该空调机是由室外机10和室内机20组成的分体式空调，室外机10和室内机20通过管路连接以传输冷媒，并且通过数据连接线相连以传输通讯信息。
其中，空调机除了包括室外机10和室内机20之外，还可以包括空气净化 单元、通风单元、加湿单元、除湿单元、加热器等。上述单元在结合到室外机10和室内机20的状态下可被整体地控制。
室外机10包括压缩机11、室外换热器12、膨胀阀13、室外控制部14、室外风扇15和四通阀16。
压缩机11用于压缩冷媒以使得低压冷媒受压缩形成高压冷媒。
室外换热器12用于将室外气流与传输于室外换热器12中的冷媒进行热交换，具体地，室外换热器12在空调的制冷工况下以冷凝器工作，使得由压缩机11压缩的冷媒在室外换热器12内冷凝；室外换热器12在空调的制热工况下以蒸发器工作，使得减压后的冷媒在室外换热器12内蒸发。
在本申请的某些实施例中，室外换热器12的冷却翅片(未示出)，用于通过扩大室外空气与制冷剂所穿过的室外换热器12的制冷剂管(未示出)之间的表面面积而提高室外空气与制冷剂之间的热交换效率。
膨胀阀13连接于室内换热器21与室外换热器12之间，由膨胀阀13的开度大小调整流经室内换热器21和室外换热器12的冷媒压力，以调整流通于室内换热器21和室外换热器12之间的冷媒流量，其中，流通于室内换热器21和室外换热器12内的冷媒的流量值和压力值将影响室内换热器21和室外换热器12的换热性能。膨胀阀13可以是电子阀，膨胀阀13的开度是可调节的，以控制流经膨胀阀13冷媒的流量和压力。
室外控制部14被配置为用于控制膨胀阀13的开度和压缩机11的工作频率。
室外风扇15用于将室外空气经室外进风口吸入至室外机10内，经由室外换热器12换热后由室外出风口送出，由室外风扇15为空气的流动提供动力。
四通阀16连接于冷媒回路内，四通阀16受控于室外控制部14以切换冷媒 在冷媒回路中的流向以使室内机20执行制冷或制热工况。
冷媒回路，由依序连接的压缩机11、室外换热器12、膨胀阀13和室内换热器21所组成，冷媒于冷媒回路中循环流动，以供室内换热器21与室外换热器12分别与空气进行换热，以实现室内机20的制冷或制热。
室内机20包括室内换热器21、室内风扇22和室内控制部23。
室内换热器21用于将室内气流与传输于室内换热器21中的冷媒进行热交换。
室内风扇22用于将室内空气经室内进风口吸入至室内机20内，经由室内换热器21换热后由室内出风口送出，由室内风扇22为空气的流动提供动力。
室内控制部23被配置为用于控制室内风扇22的转速，室内控制部23与室外控制部14通过数据线相连以传输通信信息。
为将附着于室内换热器21表面的灰尘进行清理，控制室内机20执行制冷工况，压缩机11进行工作。具体地，由室外控制部14控制四通阀16以使得的冷媒在冷媒回路内按照预设流向流动以使得室内机20以制冷工况进行工作，在室内机20以制冷工况下进行工作时室内换热器21被配置为蒸发器工作，空气中的水分子在室内换热器21的表面遇冷，在室内换热器21的表面凝露并进一步形成冰层。
在室内换热器21表面形成冰层之后，室外控制部14按照预设停机时间控制压缩机11停机工作，以使压缩机11以预设停机时间维持停止状态，实现对压缩机11在室内机20工况切换时的过压保护，示例地，压缩机11的预设停机时间为3分钟。
在压缩机11以预设停机时间维持停止状态之后，由室外控制部14控制启 动压缩机11工作，由室外控制部14控制四通阀16以使得的冷媒在冷媒回路内按照预设流向流动以使得室内机20以制热工况进行工作，在室内机20以制热工况下进行工作时室内换热器21被配置为冷凝器工作，由此，室内换热器21被配置为冷凝器工作以使形成于室内换热器21表面的冰层融化，由冰层融化所形成的冷凝水可将容纳于冰层内的灰尘进行清理，同时，冷凝水在室内换热器21表面的流动可实现对室内换热器21表面的冲刷，保证对室内换热器21表面的清洁。
为提高对室内换热器21表面的清洁效果，在本申请的实施例中，膨胀阀13被室外控制部14控制为在压缩机11配置为停机工作的预设停机时间内的开度与膨胀阀13在室内换热器21被配置为蒸发器工作时的开度维持不变，也就是说，膨胀阀13在压缩机停机工作时的开度与其在室内机20以制冷工况进行形成冰层的工作时的开度相同，示例的，膨胀阀13在压缩机停机工作时的开度为400°，膨胀阀13在室内机20以制冷工况进行形成冰层的工作时的开度为400°。
通过维持膨胀阀13在压缩机11配置为停机工作的预设停机时间内的开度不变，防止冷媒快速流通于室内换热器21内，流速较低的冷媒在流经室内换热器21时可使得降低室内换热器21的换热性能，进而降低室内换热器表面的冰层融化速率，使得由冰层融化所形成的冷凝水缓慢形成于室内换热器21的表面，缓慢融化形成的冷凝水可充分与室内换热器21的表面相接触以吸纳并冲刷附着于室内换热器21的灰尘，同时可提高冷凝水的水量以加大对换热器表面灰尘的冲刷，进一步地提高对室内换热器21表面的清洁性能。
压缩机11在预设停机时间内停机工作，其目的是保护压缩机11在室内机 20由制冷工况切换至制热工况前的过压保护，为快速启动后续制热工况，膨胀阀13开度无法减小以使得室内机与室外机之间的压力过大而影响压缩机11的再次启动和冷媒回路的稳定。
为提高对室内换热器21表面的清洁效果，在本申请的实施例中，膨胀阀13被室外控制部14控制为在室内换热器21被配置为冷凝器工作时的开度小于膨胀阀13在室内换热器21被配置为蒸发器工作时的开度，也就是说，膨胀阀13在室内机20以制热工况进行融化冰层的工作时的开度小于其在室内机20以制冷工况进行形成冰层的工作时的开度，示例的，膨胀阀13在室内机20以制热工况进行融化冰层的工作时的开度为300°，膨胀阀13在室内机20以制冷工况进行形成冰层的工作时的开度为400°。
需要说明的是，通过降低膨胀阀13在室内机20处于制热工况下的开度，进而使得室外换热器的高压冷媒缓慢进入至室内换热器21内，流速较低的冷媒在流经室内换热器21时可使得降低室内换热器21的换热性能，进而降低室内换热器表面的冰层融化速率，使得由冰层融化所形成的冷凝水缓慢形成于室内换热器21的表面，缓慢融化形成的冷凝水可充分与室内换热器21的表面相接触以吸纳并冲刷附着于室内换热器21的灰尘，同时可提高冷凝水的水量以加大对换热器表面灰尘的冲刷，在本申请的某些实施例中提高对室内换热器21表面的清洁性能。
为保证冷媒在冷媒回路中的流动稳定性，保证换热系统的工作稳定，膨胀阀13被室外控制部14控制为在压缩机11停机工作的预设停机时间内的开度保持不变，防止冷媒回路在压缩机11在停机工作时的冷媒流动发生波动。在本申请的某些实施例中，膨胀阀13被室外控制部14控制为在室内换热器21被配置 为冷凝器工作时的开度保持不变，进而防止冷媒回路在室内机20以制热工况下工作时的冷媒流动发生波动，保证室内换热器21表面冰层融化稳定性和冷凝水水量的稳定。
需要说明的是，上述各单元可以为单独设立的处理器，也可以集成在控制器的某一个处理器中实现，此外，也可以以程序代码的形式存储于控制器的存储器中，由控制器的某一个处理器调用并执行以上各单元的功能。这里所述的处理器可以是一个中央处理器(Central Processing Unit，CPU)，或者是特定集成电路(Application Specific Integrated Circuit，ASIC)，或者是被配置成实施本申请实施例的一个或多个集成电路。
应理解，在本申请的各种实施例中，上述各过程的序号的大小并不意味着执行顺序的先后，各过程的执行顺序应以其功能和内在逻辑确定，而不应对本申请实施例的实施过程构成任何限定。
本领域普通技术人员可以意识到，结合本文中所公开的实施例描述的各示例的单元及算法步骤，能够以电子硬件、或者计算机软件和电子硬件的结合来实现。这些功能究竟以硬件还是软件方式来执行，取决于技术方案的特定应用和设计约束条件。专业技术人员可以对每个特定的应用来使用不同方法来实现所描述的功能，但是这种实现不应认为超出本申请的范围。
所属领域的技术人员可以清楚地了解到，为描述的方便和简洁，上述描述的系统、装置和单元的具体工作过程，可以参考前述方法实施例中的对应过程，在此不再赘述。
在本申请所提供的几个实施例中，应该理解到，所揭露的系统、设备和方法，可以通过其它的方式实现。例如，以上所描述的设备实施例仅仅是示意性 的，例如，所述单元的划分，仅仅为一种逻辑功能划分，实际实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个单元或组件可以结合或者可以集成到另一个系统，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行。另一点，所显示或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，设备或单元的间接耦合或通信连接，可以是电性，机械或其它的形式。
所述作为分离部件说明的单元可以是或者也可以不是物理上分开的，作为单元显示的部件可以是或者也可以不是物理单元，即可以位于一个地方，或者也可以分布到多个网络单元上。可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或者全部单元来实现本实施例方案的目的。
另外，在本申请各个实施例中的各功能单元可以集成在一个处理单元中，也可以是各个单元单独物理存在，也可以两个或两个以上单元集成在一个单元中。

Claims (6)

  1. 一种空调机，其特征在于，包括：
    压缩机，用于将低压冷媒压缩形成高压冷媒；
    室内换热器，用于将室内气流与传输于所述室内换热器中的冷媒进行热交换；
    室外换热器，用于将室外气流与传输于所述室外换热器中的冷媒进行热交换；
    膨胀阀，连接于所述室内换热器与所述室外换热器之间，由所述膨胀阀的开度大小调整流经所述室内换热器和所述室外换热器的冷媒的压力；
    室外控制部，被配置为至少用于控制所述膨胀阀的开度和所述压缩机的工作频率；
    冷媒回路，由依序连接的所述压缩机、所述室外换热器、所述膨胀阀和所述室内换热器所组成，冷媒于所述冷媒回路中循环流动；
    所述室内换热器被所述室外控制部配置为蒸发器工作以使所述室内换热器表面形成冰层，在所述室内换热器表面形成冰层之后，所述压缩机被所述室外控制部按照预设停机时间配置为停止工作以使形成于所述室内换热器表面的冰层融化；
    所述膨胀阀被所述室外控制部控制为在所述压缩机被配置为停止工作时的开度与所述膨胀阀在所述室内换热器被配置为所述蒸发器工作时的开度维持不变。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述压缩机经过所述预设停机时间之后被所述室外控制部配置为启动工作，且所室内换热 器被所述室外控制部配置为冷凝器工作以干燥所述室内换热器的表面。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述膨胀阀被所述室外控制部控制为在所述室内换热器被配置为所述冷凝器工作时的开度小于所述膨胀阀在所述室内换热器被配置为所述蒸发器工作时的开度。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述空调机还包括：
    四通阀，连接于所述冷媒回路内，所述四通阀在所述室外控制部的控制下切换冷媒在所述冷媒回路中的流向以使所述室内换热器以蒸发器或冷凝器工作。
  5. 根据权利要求1所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述膨胀阀被所述室外控制部控制为在所述压缩机被配置停机工作的所述预设停机时间内的开度保持不变。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的空调机，其特征在于，所述膨胀阀被所述室外控制部控制为在所述室内换热器被配置为所述冷凝器工作时的开度保持不变。
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