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WO2020232105A1 - Doseur pour système de protection contre les incendies - Google Patents

Doseur pour système de protection contre les incendies Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2020232105A1
WO2020232105A1 PCT/US2020/032653 US2020032653W WO2020232105A1 WO 2020232105 A1 WO2020232105 A1 WO 2020232105A1 US 2020032653 W US2020032653 W US 2020032653W WO 2020232105 A1 WO2020232105 A1 WO 2020232105A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
proportioner
fire protection
foam
foam concentrate
range
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2020/032653
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Derek J. SCHEFFERS
Marc S. FERERE
Shawn J. Feenstra
Original Assignee
Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from US15/930,052 external-priority patent/US11596821B2/en
Priority claimed from US15/930,109 external-priority patent/US20200360746A1/en
Priority claimed from US16/872,939 external-priority patent/US11771936B2/en
Application filed by Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh filed Critical Minimax Viking Research & Development Gmbh
Priority to EP20804867.8A priority Critical patent/EP3969130A4/fr
Publication of WO2020232105A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020232105A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/002—Apparatus for mixing extinguishants with water
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A62—LIFE-SAVING; FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C—FIRE-FIGHTING
    • A62C5/00—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use
    • A62C5/02—Making of fire-extinguishing materials immediately before use of foam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F23/00—Mixing according to the phases to be mixed, e.g. dispersing or emulsifying
    • B01F23/40—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying
    • B01F23/45—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing
    • B01F23/451—Mixing liquids with liquids; Emulsifying using flow mixing by injecting one liquid into another
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F25/00—Flow mixers; Mixers for falling materials, e.g. solid particles
    • B01F25/30—Injector mixers
    • B01F25/31—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows
    • B01F25/314—Injector mixers in conduits or tubes through which the main component flows wherein additional components are introduced at the circumference of the conduit
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F35/00—Accessories for mixers; Auxiliary operations or auxiliary devices; Parts or details of general application
    • B01F35/80—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed
    • B01F35/83—Forming a predetermined ratio of the substances to be mixed by controlling the ratio of two or more flows, e.g. using flow sensing or flow controlling devices
    • B01F35/833—Flow control by valves, e.g. opening intermittently
    • B01F35/8331—Flow control by valves, e.g. opening intermittently the flow of one component operating the actuator of the valve, e.g. by deforming a membrane which operates de valve actuator

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a foam-based fire protection system and, more particularly, to a proportioner for injecting foam concentrate into the fluid stream of the fire protection system.
  • Fire protection systems that use foam-based solutions typically inject a foam concentrate into a fluid stream (e.g., water stream) that is directed to sprinkler heads, monitors, nozzles, or other fire-fighting fluid discharge devices.
  • a foam concentrate e.g., water stream
  • the concentration of the foam in the foam solution can be 1%, 2%, 3%, 6%, or some other desired percentage.
  • "Fire protection solution” or “solution” as used herein means a mixture of foam concentrate and fire protection fluid (e.g., water).
  • a proportioner that mixes the foam concentrate and the fire protection fluid (e.g., water) is used to ensure that the concentration of foam in the fire protection solution is at the proper ratio or percentage.
  • the flow rate of the firefighting solution can vary depending on the number of fire protection devices that are in operation.
  • the flow rate of the fire protection solution in some sprinkler systems can range from 50 gallons per minute(gpm) to 3000 gpm or higher depending on the number of sprinklers that have opened due to a fire.
  • the flow rate can initially start at 50 gpm and progressively increase if the fire expands and opens more sprinklers.
  • the proportioner must be capable of providing the proper percentage (e.g., 1%, 2%, 3%, 6%, or some other desired value) of foam concentrate to within a predetermined range in the fire protection solution for the designed range of flow rates for the fire protection system.
  • the fire protection system may not be compliant with the drain time and foam expansion value criteria of the Foam Quality Tests section of the UL 162 standard for a Type III nozzle and a foam concentrate, as published in "UL 162, Standard For Safety: Foam Equipment and Liquid Concentrates” dated February 23, 2018 (hereinafter "UL standard”) and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety, and with the drain time and foam expansion ratio criteria of the Low Expansion Foam Concentrate Extinguishing Performance section in the FM 5130 standard for a foam concentrate, as published in "Approval Standard for Foam Extinguishing Systems: Class Number 5130" dated January 2018 (hereinafter "FM standard”) and incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
  • UL standard Standard For Safety: Foam Equipment and Liquid Concentrates
  • a conventional proportioner can include a body with a first passage for the foam concentrate and a second passage for the fire protection fluid.
  • the conventional proportioner can also include a restrictor assembly with a restrictor disk and orifice plate for controlling a flow of the foam concentrate.
  • the restrictor disk is connected to a rod that can be moved by a clapper assembly to control the flow of the foam concentrate.
  • Some conventional proportioners include a guide assembly with upper and lower guides to align the restrictor disk to the opening in the orifice plate.
  • Conventional proportioners can be affected by the viscosity of the foam concentrate such that the fire protection system is not able to meet UL and FM standards for certain flows. For example, a conventional 6-inch
  • the proportioner in a system using an alcohol resistant (ARC) foam concentrate may be limited to certain flow rates depending on the viscosity of the foam concentrate.
  • the fire protection system having the 6-inch proportioner may be limited to fire protection solution flow rates in a range between 750 GPM to 2300 GPM when using high- viscosity foam concentrates, e.g., viscosity of about 2400 mPas, rather than a full range of the proportioner, which can be, for example, 30 gpm to 2000 gpm for an exemplary six-inch proportioner, 50 gpm to 3000 gpm for an exemplary eight-inch proportioner, or some other range that corresponds to the full range of the proportioner.
  • high- viscosity means a value greater than 1300 mPas at 25 degrees C using a Brookfield LV spindle 4 at 60 rpm. That is, it is believed that conventional proportioners are not able to maintain the foam concentration at a proper percentage value or range to meet UL or FM standards for the full flow range of the proportioner when using high- viscosity foam concentrates.
  • the flow of the foam concentrate into the fire protection fluid is typically controlled by the restrictor disk that obstructs the concentrate flow through an opening in the orifice plate. As the restrictor moves away from the opening, the concentrate flow increases. In some conventional proportioners, the restrictor does not go through the opening in the orifice plate.
  • the restrictor is configured to go through the opening in the orifice plate, but it is believed that the foam concentrate passage in such proportioners does not allow for proper flow of high- viscosity foam concentrates into the fluid flow, which can limit the proportioner to a limited flow range and/or the foam concentrates to those with a lower viscosity. Consequently, there is a need for a proportioner that can maintain the foam concentrate percentage in a firefighting solution at the proper value for a wide range of flow rates when using high- viscosity foam
  • Wide range means that a maximum rated flow rate for the proportioner is equal to or greater than 10 times the minimum rated flow rate for the proportioner.
  • a proportioner that can control the percentage of a foam concentrate in a fire protection solution to within a variation that satisfies UL and/or FM standards for a wide range of fire protection solution flows and/or for high- viscosity foam concentrates.
  • a proportioner includes a body portion that defines a foam passage for transporting a foam concentrate and a fluid passage for transporting a fire protection fluid (e.g., water).
  • a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the outlet of the fluid passage to a cross-sectional area of the outlet of the foam passage is 11 or less, and more preferablylO or less. In some embodiments, the ratio can be in a range of 1 to 11, more preferably in a range of 2 to 10, and even more preferably in a range of 2 to 4.
  • the proportioner can include a restrictor assembly having a restrictor disk and an orifice plate to control a flow of the foam concentrate through the foam passage.
  • the restrictor assembly is configured such that the flow of the foam concentrate through the foam passage is based on a distance of a base of the restrictor disk from the orifice plate.
  • the restrictor disk is configured to be disposed in an opening of the orifice plate and, as the distance between the base of the restrictor disk and the orifice plate increases, a cross-sectional area of an annulus defined by an outer surface of the restrictor disk and an interior surface of the opening increases.
  • the restrictor assembly maintains the annulus for the full travel range of the restrictor disk. That is, some portion of the restrictor disk remains disposed within the opening of the orifice plate for the full travel range of the restrictor disk.
  • the proportioner can also include a rod member connected to the restrictor disk.
  • the proportioner can have first and second guides that are configured to accept the rod member.
  • the first guide and the second guide are disposed in the body portion to position the rod member so as to align the restrictor disk to the orifice plate.
  • the proportioner can further include a clapper assembly that is connected to the rod member via a sliding interface.
  • the clapper assembly is configured to control a flow of the foam concentrate through the foam passage in proportion to a flow of the fire protection fluid through the fluid passage.
  • the flow of the foam concentrate is controlled by moving the rod member to vary the distance between the restrictor disk and the orifice plate.
  • the sliding interface is disposed between the first guide and the second guide.
  • the restrictor disk includes a tapered section and a slope of the taper has an angle in a range of 60 degrees to 85 degrees with respect to a base of the restrictor disk.
  • the taper angle is based on the size of the proportioner.
  • the taper angle can be 70 ⁇ 2 degrees for an exemplary eight-inch proportioner and 75 ⁇ 2 degrees for an exemplary six-inch proportioner.
  • the clapper assembly is configured to move the rod member so as to maintain a percentage of the foam concentrate in a fire protection solution, which is a mixture of the foam concentrate and the fire protection fluid, to within a variance that satisfies UL and/or FM standards.
  • the foam concentrate percent variation satisfying the UL and/or FM standards can be maintained for fire protection solution flows that are between 30 gpm to 2000 gpm in some embodiments and between 50 gpm and 3000 gpm in other embodiments.
  • the proportioner maintains the foam concentrate percent variation satisfying the UL and/or FM standards for high-viscosity foam concentrates.
  • a viscosity of the foam concentrate is greater than 1300 mPas, and more preferably greater than or equal to 1500 mPas. Viscosity values provided herein are measured at 25 degrees C using a Brookfield LV spindle 4 at 60 rpm. In some embodiments, the viscosity of the foam concentrate is less than or equal to 3500 mPas and preferably, the viscosity of the foam concentrate is in a range between 1500 mPas to 3500 mPas, and more preferably in a range between 2000 mPas to 3000 mPas.
  • Another exemplary embodiment is directed to a method of mixing foam concentrate and fire protection fluid.
  • the method includes transporting the foam concentrate from a foam concentrate source to piping in a fire system and transporting the fire protection fluid to the piping.
  • the method also includes controlling a percentage of the foam concentrate in the fire protection solution to within a variance that satisfies UL and/or FM standards.
  • the foam concentrate percent variation satisfying the UL and/or FM standards is maintained for fire protection solution flows that are between 30 gpm to 2000 gpm in some embodiments and between 50 gpm to 3000 gpm in other embodiments.
  • the foam concentrate percent variation satisfying the UL and/or FM standards can be maintained for high- viscosity foam concentrates.
  • a viscosity of the foam concentrate can be greater than 1300 mPas, and preferably greater than or equal to 1500 mPas.
  • the viscosity of the foam concentrate is less than or equal to 3500 mPas, and more preferably, the viscosity of the foam concentrate is in a range between 1500 mPas to 3500 mPas, and more preferably in a range between 2000 mPas to 3000 mPas.
  • FIG. 1 a schematic of a sprinkler system with a proportioner according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 2A is a perspective view of an outlet side of a preferred proportioner for use in the system of FIG. 1 ;
  • FIG. 2B is a perspective view of an inlet side of the preferred proportioner of FIG.
  • FIG. 3A is a cross-sectional side view of the proportioner of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 3B is a cross-sectional front view of the proportioner of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 3C is a bottom perspective view of the orifice plate and the restrictor disk of the proportioner of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 4A is a perspective view of a preferred restrictor disk that can be used in the proportioner of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 4B is a side view of the restrictor disk of FIG. 4A;
  • FIG. 5 is perspective view of a preferred interface between a preferred clapper and a preferred slider collar that can be used in the proportioner of FIG. 2A;
  • FIGs. 6A and 6B are preferred embodiments of slider collars that can be used in the proportioner of FIG. 2A;
  • FIG. 7 is a performance plot for the Mix Ratio of an exemplary eight-inch proportioner and an exemplary six-inch proportioner.
  • Various embodiments of the present technology generally relate to a proportioner that can control a percentage of a foam concentrate in a fire protection solution to within a variation that satisfies UL and/or FM standards for a wide range of fire protection solution flows.
  • the proportioner controls the foam concentrate percent variation satisfying the UL and/or FM standards for a wide range of fire protection solution flowrates using high-viscosity foam concentrates.
  • FIG. 1A illustrates an embodiment of the present disclosure in which a fire protection system includes a proportioner.
  • Protected area 110 can be any enclosure, area, or equipment that needs protection from a fire.
  • protected area 110 can be a warehouse, a building, a room, an aircraft deck, a runway, a loading dock to name just a few.
  • Protected area 110 is protected by a fire protection system 100 that can include a fluid storage tank 108 (or another source of fluid) and a pump 107 for transferring the fluid (e.g., water) to one or more discharge devices (e.g., sprinklers, monitors, nozzles, or some other discharge device) that discharge fire protection solution to the protected area 110 in case of a fire.
  • a fluid storage tank 108 or another source of fluid
  • a pump 107 for transferring the fluid (e.g., water) to one or more discharge devices (e.g., sprinklers, monitors, nozzles, or some other discharge device) that discharge fire protection solution to
  • the fire protection system 100 can also include a concentrate storage tank 102 for storing a fire suppressing foam concentrate that can be mixed with the fluid (e.g., water) to form a fire protection solution.
  • the fire protection solution is an aqueous film-forming foam (AFFF) solution, a film forming fluoroprotein foam (FFFP) solution, an alcohol resistant concentrate (ARC) solution, a fluoroprotein foam (FP) solution, or another fire protection solution.
  • the foam concentrate is a C6-based fluorochemical concentrate.
  • the concentrate storage tank 102 can be, for example, a bladder-type tank such that pressure on the bladder from an external source will force the foam concentrate out the discharge of the tank.
  • a proportioner 106 can be disposed in the discharge line of the pump 107 between the pump 107 and the discharge devices. The proportioner 106 receives the foam concentrate from the concentrate storage tank 102 and introduces a controlled flow of the foam concentrate into the fluid flow from the pump 107.
  • the pump 107 When fire protection system 100 is activated (e.g., due to a fire in the protected area 110 or for some other reason), the pump 107 is turned on to transfer fluid (e.g., water) to the protected area 110 via the proportioner 106. A portion of the fluid from the pump 107 can be diverted to the concentrate storage tank 102 to pressurize the tank and force the foam concentrate to the proportioner 106. Of course, other methods such as, for example, a pump for the concentrate, a pressured concentrate storage tank, and/or another method to transfer the concentrate to the proportioner 106 can be used. Preferably, the proportioner 106 mixes the fire protection fluid (e.g., water) and foam concentrate to form a fire protection solution.
  • fluid e.g., water
  • the foam concentrate is formulated to mix with the fire protection solution at a mixture corresponding to the foam percentage rating of the foam concentrate (also referred to herein as "rated foam concentrate percentage"), which can be, for example, 1%, 2%, 3%, 6% or some other chosen percentage.
  • the fire protection solution is directed to the protected area 110 via piping system 120.
  • the fire protection solution is directed to sprinklers 122, which discharge the fire protection solution in the protected area 110.
  • the fire protection solution can be directed to fire protection nozzles (e.g., floor nozzles, trench- mounted nozzles, or some other type of nozzle), monitors, or some other appropriate device that discharges fire protection solution.
  • the fire protection solution is directed to spray-type fire protection nozzle assemblies 130 can be installed in trenches 140 of an aircraft hangar 150 (or another vehicle loading and/or storage area). As seen in FIG.
  • spray-type fire protection nozzle assemblies 130 can be installed in trenches 140 throughout the hangar 150.
  • the nozzle assemblies 130 can be configured to discharge the fire protection solution in a 360-degree pattern to cover the floor area of the hangar.
  • any combination of nozzle assemblies 130 e.g., 90-degree nozzles, 180-degree nozzles, 360-degree nozzles, and/or other nozzle configurations
  • the flow through the piping system 120 can vary based on the number of discharges devices (e.g., sprinklers, nozzles, monitors, or some other discharge devices) that are active.
  • the fire protection solution flow to the protected area 110 via the proportioner 160 can vary from less than 50 gpm to 3000 gpm or higher for an exemplary eight-inch proportioner and from less than 30 gpm to 2000 gpm or higher for an exemplary six-inch proportioner.
  • the percentage of the foam concentrate in the fire protection solution must be maintained at the rated foam concentrate percentage.
  • the fire protection solution ideally has a mixture of 3% foam concentrate and 97% fluid (e.g., water), and an ideal proportioner maintains the foam concentrate percentage at a constant 3% even as the fluid flow varies.
  • the foam concentrate percentage in the fire protection solution can vary as the flow of the fluid flow varies.
  • the proportioner should maintain any variation in foam concentrate percentage to within a range that still provides effective fire protection.
  • Effective fire protection as used herein is protection of a fire that satisfies UL and/or FM standards.
  • conventional proportioned are only able to provide effective fire protection for fire protection solution flows between 750 gpm and 2300 gpm and only for foam concentrates having viscosities that are about 1000 mPas or less. That is, conventional proportioned are not able to maintain the foam concentrate percentages to within a range that still provides effective fire protection for a wide range of flows and/or for high-viscosity foam
  • the proportioner 106 controls a percentage of the foam concentrate in the fire protection solution to within a variance that provides effective fire protection (this variance is also referred to herein as the "target concentration").
  • the target concentration can be based on the rated foam concentrate percentage (e.g., 1%, 2%, 3%, 6% or some other chosen percentage).
  • the target concentration is a range having a lower foam concentrate percent value and an upper foam concentrate percent value that are based on the rated foam concentrate percentage.
  • the lower value can be the rated foam concentrate percentage minus a first value and the upper value can be the rated foam concentrate percentage plus a second value.
  • the first value can be 0 and the second value can be 0.9% or 0.3 times the rated foam concentrate percentage, whichever is lesser.
  • the target concentration can have a lower value of 1% (1% - 0) and an upper value of 1.3% (1% + (0.3 * 1%)).
  • the target concentration can be a range between 2% to 2.6% for a 2% foam concentrate, between 3% to 3.9% for a 3% foam concentrate, and between 6% to 6.9% (6% + 0.9%) for a 6% foam concentrate, to name just a few.
  • the proportioner 160 can maintain the target concentration for a wide range of flows and, more preferably, maintain the target concentration using high- viscosity foam concentrates.
  • FIG. 2A illustrates a perspective view of an outlet side of proportioner 160
  • FIG. 2B illustrates a perspective view of an inlet side of the proportioner 160
  • the proportioner 160 preferably includes a body portion 202, a neck portion 204, and a coupling portion 206.
  • the body portion 202 can have a wafer-type body that is configured to fit between the two flanges of the inlet piping and outlet piping.
  • the proportioner 160 is sealed when the flanges of the inlet and outlet piping are bolted together with the proportioner 160 in the middle.
  • the proportioner can also be flanged and the connections to the inlet piping and outlet piping are done via flanged interfaces.
  • the body portion 202 preferably defines a fluid through passage 230 (also referred to herein a "fluid passage 230") that provides a flow path for the fire protection fluid (e.g., water).
  • the fluid passage 230 includes an inlet 232 (see FIG. 2B) for receiving the fire protection fluid (e.g., water) from the pump 107 and a fluid outlet 234 (see FIG. 2A) that can be connected to the piping system 120.
  • the body portion 202 preferably also defines foam through passageway 227 that provides a flow path for the foam concentrate.
  • the neck portion 204 and/or the coupling portion 206 can also define respective foam through passageways 226, 225 that connect to the other foam through passages to provide a flow path for the foam concentrate.
  • a foam through passage 220 (also referred to herein as "foam passage 220") is preferably formed from one or more of foam through passageways 225, 226 and 227, which are respectively defined by the coupling portion 206, neck portion 204, and body portion 202.
  • the coupling portion 206 is configured to connect to piping from the concentrate storage tank 102 via a grooved coupling.
  • the type of connector is not limiting and some other foam through passages to provide a flow path for the foam concentrate.
  • the coupling portion 206 preferably connects to the neck portion 204 by, for example, grooved coupling, flanged fitting, threads, press-fit, welding, or some other fastening means.
  • the neck portion 204 can be connected to the body portion 202 by, for example, grooved coupling, flanged fitting, threads, press-fit, welding, or some other fastening means.
  • the foam concentrate from the concentrate storage tank 102 enters the foam inlet 222, which can be defined by the coupling portion 206, and flows into the passageway 225 of the coupling portion 206.
  • the foam concentrate then flows into the passageway 226 of the neck portion 204 from the passageway 225.
  • the foam concentrate flows from the passageway 226 of the neck portion 204 and into the passageway 227 of the body portion 202.
  • the foam concentrate preferably exits the passageway 227 via foam outlet 224, which is defined by the body portion 202.
  • the passageways 225, 226, 227 interconnect to form the foam passage 220.
  • the foam outlet 224 of the foam passage 220 and the fluid outlet 234 of the fluid passage 230 are connected to the piping system 120 such that fluid from the fluid passage 230 and foam concentrate from the foam passage 220 mixes in the piping system 120 on the outlet side of the proportioner 160 to form a fire protection solution.
  • the fluid e.g., water
  • the fluid flowing from fluid outlet 234 creates a venturi effect such that the fluid and the foam concentrate flowing from foam outlet 224 are mixed thoroughly in piping system 120 as the fire protection solution is sent to, e.g., the sprinklers 122.
  • a ratio of a cross-sectional area of the fluid outlet 234 to a cross-sectional area of the foam outlet 224 see FIG.
  • the ratio can be in a range of 1 to 11, more preferably in a range of 2 to 10, and even more preferably in a range of 2 to 4.
  • the flow of the foam concentrate and thus the foam concentrate percentage in the fire protection solution can be regulated by a proportioning assembly that can be disposed at least partially within the foam passage 220.
  • the pressure used to discharge the foam concentrate from concentrate storage tank 102 and/or the venturi effect due to the fluid flow through the proportioner 160 also affect the flow of the foam concentrate into the fire protection solution.
  • the proportioner 160, the pressure used to discharge the foam concentrate, and/or the venturi effect ensure that the foam concentrate in the fire protection solution is within the target concentration.
  • the proportioner 160 is configured to vary the flow of the foam concentrate through the foam passage 220 in proportion to the flow rate of the fluid (e.g., water) through the fluid passage 230.
  • the proportioner 160 controls the flow of the foam concentrate such that any variation in the foam concentrate percentage in the fire protection solution falls within the target concentration for a wide flow range of the fire protection solution.
  • the foam concentrate percentage falls within the target concentration for a rated flow range of the proportioner 160.
  • the maximum rated flow for the proportioner 160 is at least 60 times the minimum rated flow for the proportioner 160 (e.g., a rated flow range from 50 gpm to 3000 gpm for an exemplary eight- inch proportioner, from 30 gpm to 2000 gpm for an exemplary six-inch proportioner, or some other rated flow range).
  • a rated flow range from 50 gpm to 3000 gpm for an exemplary eight- inch proportioner, from 30 gpm to 2000 gpm for an exemplary six-inch proportioner, or some other rated flow range.
  • the proportioner 160 can meet a target concentration that is between 3% to 3.9% for a wide range of flows for the proportioner 160.
  • the proportioner 160 meets the target concentration for flow ranges in which an upper flow rate to lower flow rate ratio (“target flow ratio”) is 10 or greater, preferably 30 or greater, more preferably 50 or greater, and even more preferably in a range of 10 to 80.
  • target flow ratio corresponds to the rated flow range of the proportioner 160, which can be, for example, 50 gpm to 3000 gpm for an exemplary eight-inch proportioner, 30 gpm to 2000 gpm for an exemplary six-inch proportioner, or some other rated flow range.
  • the target concentration can be a range between 1% to 1.3% for a 1% foam concentrate, a range between 2% to 2.6% for a 2% foam concentrate, and a range between 6% to 6.9% for a 6% foam concentrate (to name just a few) for the target flow ratio, which can be, for example, the rated flow range of the proportioner 160 (e.g., flows between 50 gpm to 3000 gpm for an exemplary eight-inch proportioner, flows between 30 gpm to 2000 gpm for an exemplary six- inch proportioner, or some other rated flow range).
  • the proportioner 160 e.g., flows between 50 gpm to 3000 gpm for an exemplary eight-inch proportioner, flows between 30 gpm to 2000 gpm for an exemplary six- inch proportioner, or some other rated flow range.
  • proportioner 160 is configured to maintain the target concentration for the target flow ratio (e.g., rated flow range of the proportioner 160) for foam concentrate viscosities greater than 1300 mPas, and more preferably for viscosities greater than or equal to 1500 mPas.
  • the proportioner 160 is configured to maintain the target concentration for the target flow ratio (e.g., rated flow range of the proportioner 160) for foam concentrate viscosities in a range between 1500 mPas to 3500 mPas, and more preferably in a range between 2000 mPas to 3000 mPas.
  • FIG. 3A and 3B illustrate side and front cross-sectional views of the proportioner 160.
  • the proportioner 160 preferably includes proportioning assembly 300 that regulates the flow of the foam concentrate in proportion to the fluid flow.
  • proportioning assembly 300 can include clapper assembly 310, rod member 320, restrictor assembly 330, spring member 335, and slider collar 340.
  • the restricting assembly 330 includes a restrictor disk 332 and an orifice plate 334.
  • the orifice plate 334 is disposed in the foam passage 220 and preferably includes an opening 336.
  • a thickness of the orifice plate 334 is in a range of 0.10 inch to 0.30 inch and more preferably 0.20 inch.
  • the opening 336 can have a diameter that is in a range of 0.25 inch to 2.0 inch.
  • the diameter of the opening 336 can depend on the size of the proportioner 160. For example, for an exemplary six- inch proportioner, the diameter can be in a range of 0.60 inch to 0.80 inch, and preferably, 0.73 inch.
  • the diameter can be in a range of 0.85 to 1.0 inch, and preferably, 0.94 inch.
  • the foam concentrate flows through the opening 336 of the orifice plate 334.
  • the orifice plate 334 is disposed in the neck portion 204.
  • the opening 336 can be, for example, a circular opening. However, in other exemplary embodiments of the disclosure, the opening 336 can have other shapes such as, for example, a rectangular shape, triangular shape, or some other shape.
  • the restrictor disk 332 is disposed on the opposite side of the orifice plate 334 to restrict the flow of the foam concentrate through the opening 336.
  • the opening 336 can be configured to receive at least a portion of the restrictor disk 332 such as, for example, the tip of the restrictor disk 332 to block at least a portion of the foam concentrate flow.
  • FIG. 3C is a bottom perspective view of the orifice plate 334 and the restrictor disk 332. For clarity, other elements of the proportioner 160 are not shown. As seen in FIG.
  • the arrangement of the restrictor disk 332 and the opening 336 forms an annulus 338 at the exit side of the opening 336, which is defined by the interior surface 334a of the orifice plate 334.
  • the annulus 338 is defined by an outer surface 332a of the restrictor disk 332 and the interior surface 334a.
  • a cross-sectional area of the annulus 338 increases.
  • the cross-sectional area of the annulus 338 (also referred to herein as "flow cross-sectional area" of the annulus 338) is the opening area “seen” by the concentrate as the concentrate flows from through passageway 225 into through passageway 226.
  • the distance between the base of the restrictor disk 332 and the orifice plate 334 and thus the flow cross-sectional area of the annulus 338 is regulated to control the flow of the foam concentrate through the opening 336.
  • the restrictor disk 332 when the restrictor disk 332 is in a full close position, the restrictor disk 332 can be configured to make contact with the bottom of the orifice plate 334 such that a flow cross-sectional area of the annulus 338 is zero (e.g., the opening 336 is fully blocked) to prevent the flow of the foam concentrate.
  • the flow cross-sectional area of the annulus 338 when the restrictor disk 332 is in a full close position, is greater than zero (e.g., at least a portion of the opening 336 is still open) in order to, for example, provide a minimum foam concentrate flow.
  • a concentrate control valve (not shown) is coupled to the foam inlet 222 of the proportioner 160 to isolate the foam concentrate from the proportioner 160 when the proportioner 160 is not in operation.
  • the concentrate control valve can open when the fire protection system activates and closes when the fire protection system is shut down.
  • the restrictor assembly 330 maintains the annulus 338 for the full travel range of the restrictor disk 332. That is, a portion of the restrictor disk 332 remains disposed within the opening 336 of the orifice plate 334 for a full travel range of the restrictor disk 332.
  • the restrictor disk 332 can travel such that the restrictor disk 332 is completely disposed outside the opening 336. In these embodiments, the annulus 338 is not maintained for the entire travel range of the restrictor disk 332.
  • the proportioning assembly 300 is configured to move the restrictor disk 332 relative to the orifice plate 334 such that a restriction of the foam concentrate flow changes to regulate the flow of the foam concentrate.
  • the restrictor disk 332 moves away from the opening 336, the restrictor disk 332 provides less of a flow restriction and the flow of the foam concentrate increases, and as the restrictor disk 332 moves toward the opening 336, the restrictor disk 332 provides more of a flow restriction and the flow of the foam concentrate decreases.
  • at least a portion of the restrictor disk 332 can have a tapered shape.
  • the tapered shape is such that a width of the restrictor disk 332 narrows going from the base of the restrictor disk 332 towards the tip of the restrictor disk 332 (e.g., the portion closes to the orifice plate 334).
  • the shape of the restrictor disk 332 preferably corresponds to the shape of the orifice plate 334.
  • the tapered shape of the restrictor disk 332 can be a conical shape.
  • the restrictor disk is appropriately shaped to control the flow through the opening of the orifice plate.
  • the restrictor disk 332 can include a tapered section 402 that has a conical shape, a base 404, and a connector 406.
  • the base 404 is not included and the tapered section 402 transactions directly to the connector 406.
  • the slope of the tapered section 402 with respect to the base 404 of the restrictor disk 332 can be in a range of 65 degrees to 80 degrees (see angle b in FIG. 4B) and the length L can be in a range of 0.5 inch to 1.5 inch, more preferably 0.9 to 1.1 inches., and even more preferably 1.0 inch.
  • the slope angle b is based on the size of the proportioner and/or the mix ratio value of the foam concentrate.
  • the slope angle b can be 70 ⁇ 2 degrees for an exemplary eight-inch proportioner and 75 ⁇ 2 degrees for an exemplary six-inch proportioner.
  • the base 404 of the restrictor disk 332 has a configuration that facilitates installation onto the rod member 320.
  • the base 404 can be configured so that a wrench or other tool can be used to insert the restrictor disk 332 onto the rod member 320.
  • the base 404 is hex-shaped.
  • the base 404 is not limited to a hex-shape and can have other shapes.
  • the base 404 is configured to be a stop for one end of the biasing member 335.
  • the biasing member 335 which is explained in more detail below, can be configured to bias the proportioning assembly 300 in the closed direction.
  • the connector 406 can be in the shape of a threaded bolt that threads into a corresponding threaded channel in the rod member 320.
  • the connector 406 can be a threaded channel (not shown) that extends into the base 404 and/or the tapered section 402. The threaded channel can connect to a threaded bolt- shaped connector (not shown) on the rod member 320.
  • the clapper assembly 310 can include a clapper plate 312 that is attached to the body portion 202 using hinges 314.
  • the hinges 314 are disposed on the upper portion of the clapper plate 312 about midway between the horizontal diameter of the clapper plate 312 and the top of the clapper plate 312.
  • the hinges 314 form an axis that is perpendicular to the direction of fluid flow and allow the clapper plate 312 to rotate whenever the fluid flow presses against the lower portion 312a of the clapper plate 312.
  • the clapper assembly 310 also includes a clapper bracket 316 and pin 318.
  • the clapper bracket 316 attaches to the upstream side of the clapper plate 312 by, for example, welding, screws, or some other fastening means.
  • the bracket can be integral with the clapper plate 312 (e.g., by using milling and/or forging methods).
  • the clapper bracket 316 includes two bracket portions 316a and 316b that are disposed parallel to each other with a gap g therebetween.
  • the pin 318 is preferably configured to slide through opening in the bracket portions 316a and 316b.
  • the pin 318 can be secured to the bracket portions 316a and 316b by press fit, c-clip, cotter pin, or by some other fastening means.
  • the interface between the bracket portions 316a, 316b and pin 318 can include washers, if needed.
  • the clapper bracket 316 with pin 318 and a slider collar 340, which is connected to the rod member 320, are arranged such that a sliding interface is formed between the pin 318 and the slider collar 340.
  • An embodiment of the slider collar 340 (see FIG. 6A) includes a cylindrical portion 342 and a slider joint bracket 344.
  • the cylindrical portion 342 preferably has a channel 343 passing through the longitudinal portion of the cylindrical portion 342 to receive the rod member 320.
  • slider collar 340 is adjustably attached the rod member 320 in order to position the slider collar 340 on the rod member 320 such that the
  • proportioning assembly 300 is calibrated.
  • the slider collar 340 is positioned on the rod member 320 such that the sliding linkage between the clapper assembly 310 and slider collar 340 is calibrated to move the rod member 320 in proportion to the movement of the clapper assembly 310.
  • the channel 343 of the slider collar 340 is threaded and at least a portion of the rod member 320 corresponding to a range of positional adjustments for the slider collar 340 has matching threads.
  • the biasing constant (e.g., spring constant) of the biasing member 335 determines the range of movement of the clapper plate 312 with respect to the fluid flow (e.g., water flow) and thus the range of movement of the rod member 320.
  • the slider collar 340 can be fixedly attached to the rod member 320 by an interference fit, welding, screws, or some other fastening means. In such embodiments, the position of the slider collar 340 on the rod member 320 can be factory calibrated.
  • FIG. 5 illustrates an exemplary linkage between the slider collar 340 and clapper bracket 316.
  • the slider joint bracket 344 of the slider collar 340 is disposed in the gap g formed by the two bracket portions 316a and 316b of the clapper bracket 316.
  • the clapper plate 312 is rotated open (see direction of arrow 313 in FIG.
  • the pin 318 is pressed against a top surface 346 of the slider joint bracket 344.
  • the clapper plate 312 can be rotated open to an angle a that can be up to 60 degrees, and more preferably up to 48 degrees.
  • the pin 318 preferably slides along the top surface 346 while applying a downward force on the slider collar 340.
  • the clapper plate 312 rotates a minimum amount before the pin 318 contacts the top surface 346 and provides the downward force.
  • the minimum amount can be an angle a in a range of 0.5 degrees to 5 degrees, and preferably 3 degrees before the pin 318 contacts and applies a downward force on slider collar 340. The downward force moves the slider collar 340 and thus the rod member 320 in an open direction with respect to the restrictor assembly 330.
  • the pin 318 keeps sliding along the top surface 346 of the slider joint bracket 344 until the pin 318 hits the pin stop 348.
  • the pin stop 348 is a raised portion along the top surface 346 of the slider joint bracket 344.
  • the top and bottom surfaces of the cylindrical portion 342 of the slider collar 340 are flush with the top surface 346 and the bottom surface of the slider joint bracket 344. Because the pin 318 slides along the top surface 346, the pin 318 and/or the slider collar 340 can be subject to wear. To minimize the wear, the pin 318 and/or the slider collar 340 can be hardened.
  • slider collar 340' has a slider joint bracket 344' that is longer than the cylindrical portion 342'.
  • the longer slider joint bracket 344' can be used, for example, when adjustment of the slider collar on the rod member 320 may be limited. Because those skilled in the art understand that the slider collar 340' functions in a similar way as the slider collar 340, for brevity, the function of slider collar 340' is not discussed further.
  • the restrictor disk 332 of the restrictor assembly 330 is moved in the open direction (e.g., away from the orifice plate 334) to increase the flow cross-sectional area of the annulus 338.
  • the travel of the restrictor disk 332 corresponding to the minimum angle a to the full open angle a can be in a range of 0.30 inch to 0.75 inch.
  • the flow cross-sectional area of annulus 338 when the restrictor disk 332 is in the full close position (minimum angle a) can be in a range of 0 to 40%, more preferably 25% to 35%, and even more preferably 30%, of the area of the opening 336.
  • the flow cross-sectional area of annulus 338 when the restrictor disk 332 is in the full open position can be in a range of 60% to 95% of the area of the opening 336.
  • the amount the clapper plate 312 rotates and/or the amount the restrictor disk 332 travels from the full close position to the full open position can be dependent on the size of the proportioner 160.
  • the flow cross- sectional area of the annulus 338 at the full close position and/or at the full open position can be dependent on the size of the proportioner 160.
  • the clapper plate 312 when the restrictor disk 332 is in the closed position, can be at a minimum angle a, which can be in a range of 0 to 5 degrees, and preferably approximately 3 degrees.
  • the clapper plate 312 when the restrictor disk 332 of the exemplary eight-inch proportioner is in the full open position, can be at a full open angle a that is in a range of 55 degrees to 65 degrees and, preferably
  • the travel of the restrictor disk 332 corresponding to the minimum angle a to the full open angle a can be in a range of 0.65 inch to 0.75 inch, and preferably 0.7 inch, for the exemplary eight-inch proportioner.
  • the flow cross-sectional area of annulus 338 when the restrictor disk 332 is in the full close position can be in a range of 0 to 40%, more preferably 25% to 35%, and even more preferably 30%, of the area of the opening 336 and the flow cross-sectional area of annulus 338 when the restrictor disk 332 is in the full open position (full open angle a) can be in a range of 85% to 95%, and more preferably 90%, of the area of the opening 336.
  • the clapper plate 312 when the restrictor disk 332 is in the closed position, can be at a minimum angle a, which can be in a range of 0 to 5 degrees, and preferably approximately 3 degrees.
  • the clapper plate 312 when the restrictor disk 332 of the exemplary six-inch proportioner is in the full open position, can be at a full open angle a that is in a range of 40 degrees to 50 degrees and, preferably approximately 47 degrees.
  • the travel of the restrictor disk 332 corresponding to the minimum angle a to the full open angle a can be in a range of 0.30 inch to 0.35 inch, and preferably 0.33 inch, for the exemplary six- inch proportioner.
  • the flow cross-sectional area of annulus 338 when the restrictor disk 332 is in the full close position can be in a range of 0 to 40%, more preferably 25% to 35%, and even more preferably 30%, of the area of the opening 336
  • the flow cross-sectional area of annulus 338 when the restrictor disk 332 is in the full open position can be in a range of 60% to 70%, and more preferably 65%, of the area of the opening 336.
  • the rod member 320 is also pushed down because the slider collar 340 and the rod member 320 are attached, as discussed above.
  • the rod member 320 can be guided such that the restrictor disk 332, which is attached to the rod member 320, is aligned with the opening 336 of the orifice plate 334.
  • the proportioner 160 includes one or more guides to keep the rod member 320 aligned with the orifice plate 334 as the rod member 320 is moved.
  • the proportioner 160 includes two guides, a lower guide 214 and an upper guide 216, that are disposed in the body portion 202.
  • the slider collar 340 and thus the sliding interface is disposed between the two guides.
  • the lower guide 214 is disposed below the slider collar 340 and the upper guide 216 is disposed above the slider collar 340.
  • the placement of the guides on either side of the sliding interface can provide for a more robust linkage than in conventional proportioned.
  • the guides 214, 216 are openings in the body portion 202 that allow the rod member 320 to pass through.
  • the diameters of the guide openings are preferably slightly larger than the diameters of the rod member 320 at the respective locations but no so large as to allow the rod member 320 and thus the restrictor disk 332 to get misaligned.
  • the diameter of the rod member 320 extending into the lower guide 214 is smaller than a diameter of an upper portion of the rod member 320 and, preferably, includes a transition portion 322.
  • either one or both guides 214, 216 can include sleeves, collars, bearings, or some other component disposed in and/or adjacent the guides 214, 216 to minimize the friction as the rod member 320 moves.
  • the channel 212 can extend from the exterior of the body portion 202 to the guide 214.
  • the channel 212 has a diameter that is larger than that of the opening of guide 214.
  • a plug 210 covers the channel 212 during normal operation.
  • the plug 210 can be removed in order to access the rod member 320 to calibrate the position of the slider collar 340 on the rod member 320.
  • the rod member 320 can be rotated so as to change the position of the slider collar 340 along the longitudinal axis of the rod member 320.
  • the end of the rod member 320 in the channel 212 is slotted and/or has a geometry that facilitates use of a tool (e.g., screwdriver, nut driver, or some other tool) to turn the rod member 320.
  • a tool e.g., screwdriver, nut driver, or some other tool
  • the proportioner 160 includes a biasing member 335 that determines the movement of the clapper plate 312 and biases the restrictor assembly 330 to the closed position.
  • the biasing member 335 provides a force in a range of 40 lbs to 60 lbs, depending on the size of the proportioner to ensure the proportioner 160 is closed.
  • the closed position can still provide for a minimum foam concentrate flow by, for example, leaving a gap between the restrictor disk 332 and the orifice plate 334.
  • the biasing member 335 can be a spring.
  • a spring constant for the spring can be in a range of 15 lbs/in to 50 lbs/in and preferably 15 lbs/in to 40 lbs/in, depending on the size of the proportioner.
  • the spring constant can be 38 ⁇ 1 lbs/in for an exemplary eight- inch proportioner, 25 ⁇ 1 lbs/in for an exemplary six- inch proportioner, and 16 ⁇ 1 lbs/in for an exemplary six-inch proportioner.
  • one end of the biasing member 335 e.g., spring
  • the other end of the biasing member 335 presses against the base 404 of the restrictor disk 332 or another location on the restrictor disk 332 and/or the rod member 320.
  • the biasing member 335 e.g., spring
  • the biasing member 335 e.g., spring
  • a protective sleeve can be disposed between the biasing member 335 (e.g., spring) and the rod member 320 for wear protection and/or to prevent interference that can adversely affect operation of the proportioning assembly 300.
  • the clapper plate 312 In operation, as the fluid flow goes from 0 to full flow, the clapper plate 312 will rotate open from a minimum angle a, as discussed above, and the rod member 320 is pushed down by pin 318 via slider collar 340. As the rod member 320 is pushed down, the restrictor disk 332 moves away from orifice plate 334 to increase the flow cross-sectional area of annulus 338 and thus the foam concentrate flow such that foam concentration in the fire protection solution is within the target concentration. In some embodiments, the flow cross- sectional area of annulus 338 reaches the full open value prior to the fire protection fluid reaching the full rated flow.
  • the cross-sectional area of the annulus 338 can reach a maximum when the fluid flow is as low as 25% of the rated flow to as high as 95% of the rated flow.
  • the flow cross-sectional area of the annulus 338 can reach a maximum that is in a range of 85% to 95%, and more preferably 90%, of the area of the opening 336 when the fluid flow is approximately 60% to 70%, and preferably approximately 67% of the rated flow of the proportioner.
  • the flow cross-sectional area of the annulus 338 can reach a maximum that is in a range of 60% to 70%, and more preferably 65%, of the area of the opening 336 when the fluid flow is approximately 20% to 30%, and preferably approximately 25% of the rated flow of the proportioner.
  • the flow cross-sectional area of annulus 338 reaches a maximum prior to the fire protection solution reaching the full rated flow in these embodiments, the fire protection fluid flow and thus the foam concentrate flow can still increase based on the number of fire protection devices (e.g., sprinklers, nozzles, monitors, or some other discharge devices) that are open.
  • the pressure used to discharge the foam concentrate and/or the venturi effect of the increased flow through the proportioner 160 ensure that the foam concentrate flow increases to keep the foam concentrate percentage with the target concentration.
  • the shape of the restrictor disk 332 and/or the outer diameter of opening 336 of orifice plate 334 will have an affect on the flow through the proportioner 160.
  • the proportioner assembly 300 is configured to maintain any variation in the foam concentrate percentage in the fire protection solution to an effective fire protection value.
  • the variation in the foam concentrate percentage in the fire protection solution is in the target concentration range between 3% and 3.9% for the rated flow ranges of both the 6" proportioner (e.g., 30 gpm to 2000 gpm) and the 8" proportioner (e.g.,

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Fire-Extinguishing By Fire Departments, And Fire-Extinguishing Equipment And Control Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

La présente invention concerne un doseur comprenant une partie corps qui définit un passage de fluide et un passage de mousse. Le doseur comprend également un ensemble restricteur ayant un disque restricteur et une plaque d'orifice. De préférence, le disque restricteur et l'ouverture forment un anneau, et l'anneau est maintenu pour une plage de déplacement complet du disque restricteur. De préférence, un ensemble clapet commande un écoulement du concentré de mousse proportionnellement à un écoulement du fluide de protection contre l'incendie par déplacement d'un élément de tige pour faire varier la distance entre un disque restricteur et une plaque d'orifice, au moins une partie du disque restricteur étant disposée dans l'ouverture. De préférence, un pourcentage de concentré de mousse est maintenu à l'intérieur d'une concentration cible qui fournit une protection contre l'incendie efficace pour des écoulements à l'intérieur d'un rapport d'écoulement cible dans une plage de 10 à 70 et pour une viscosité de concentré de mousse qui est supérieure à 1300 mPas.
PCT/US2020/032653 2019-05-15 2020-05-13 Doseur pour système de protection contre les incendies WO2020232105A1 (fr)

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EP20804867.8A EP3969130A4 (fr) 2019-05-15 2020-05-13 Doseur pour système de protection contre les incendies

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US201962848079P 2019-05-15 2019-05-15
US201962848192P 2019-05-15 2019-05-15
US201962848293P 2019-05-15 2019-05-15
US62/848,192 2019-05-15
US62/848,293 2019-05-15
US62/848,079 2019-05-15
US15/930,052 US11596821B2 (en) 2019-05-15 2020-05-12 Proportioner for a fire protection system
US15/930,109 US20200360746A1 (en) 2019-05-15 2020-05-12 Proportioner for a fire protection system
US15/930,109 2020-05-12
US15/930,052 2020-05-12
US16/872,939 2020-05-12
US16/872,939 US11771936B2 (en) 2019-05-15 2020-05-12 Proportioner for a fire protection system

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CN113289300A (zh) * 2021-06-04 2021-08-24 彭梦龙 一种建筑物防火消防设备控制箱
CN118454561A (zh) * 2024-07-10 2024-08-09 东营华亚国联航空燃料有限公司 甲醇对航空活塞式发动机燃料性能影响的定量配比装置

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113289300A (zh) * 2021-06-04 2021-08-24 彭梦龙 一种建筑物防火消防设备控制箱
CN118454561A (zh) * 2024-07-10 2024-08-09 东营华亚国联航空燃料有限公司 甲醇对航空活塞式发动机燃料性能影响的定量配比装置

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DE202020006001U1 (de) 2024-02-15
EP3969130A1 (fr) 2022-03-23

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