WO2020129295A1

WO2020129295A1 - Waterproofing method and waterproof structure

Info

Publication number: WO2020129295A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/030764
Authority: WO
Inventors: 榎本　弘之
Original assignee: マクセルホールディングス株式会社
Priority date: 2018-12-17
Filing date: 2019-08-05
Publication date: 2020-06-25
Also published as: WO2020129126A1; JPWO2020129126A1; JPWO2020129295A1

Abstract

This waterproofing method for a building (10) having a floor (12) and walls (14) rising from the edges of the floor (12) comprises: a step of placing a sheet-shaped waterproof member (20) on the surface of the floor (12); a step of adhering an adhesive member (26) so as to straddle both the surface of the sheet-shaped waterproof member (20) and the surface (18) of the walls (14); and a step of coating finish members (28, 30) on the surfaces of the walls (14) and the surface of the sheet-shaped waterproof member (20), respectively, in such a manner as to cover the adhesive member (26). The adhesive member (26): comprises a sheet-shaped adhesive material having a first main surface and a second main surface; is fixed to the sheet-shaped waterproof member (20) and the walls (14) through an adhesive layer (42) constituting the first main surface; and is coated by the finish members (28, 30) on an adhesive coating layer in which inorganic or organic particles are dispersed or on a raised fiber layer (41) that constitute the second main surface.

Description

Waterproof construction method and waterproof structure

The present invention relates to a waterproof method and a waterproof structure, and more particularly to a floor waterproof method and a waterproof structure.

When building a building with a concrete structure, first the pillars and floor are made of concrete, then blocks such as bricks are stacked between adjacent pillars to make a wall, and then the surface of the wall is coated with makeup mortar, and finally In some cases, a method of applying paint on a decorative mortar or pasting tiles to finish is adopted.

When waterproofing the concrete floor of such a building, wait for the required strength to develop in the cast concrete, remove the leitance, and then perform the required waterproofing treatment (for example, waterproof mortar, waterproof paint). It is necessary to perform a coating process). Therefore, after the setting of concrete, a method of spraying high-pressure water to the concrete surface to wash it, or a method of removing the latance by roughening the surface with a wire brush etc. while spraying water on the concrete surface is generally adopted. There is. However, each of these laitance removing operations requires a considerable amount of time and labor.

For this reason, in some regions or in some countries, after removing dust with a simple operation of blowing air on the concrete surface, waterproof by applying polymer cement mortar mixed with mortar with resin or waterproof paint to the concrete surface. Has been processed. In addition, a primer may be applied to the concrete surface in order to improve the adhesion between the concrete and the waterproof coating. However, even if a waterproof material or primer is applied to the concrete surface where the leitance has not been completely removed, sufficient adhesive force cannot be obtained between the concrete and the waterproof material, and cracks occur in the waterproof material after 6 months or 1 year. appear. Even if dust is removed cleanly by the above-mentioned simple work, workers may walk on the concrete after curing or work on the concrete. Then, loosened aggregates are exposed one after another, so that even if a waterproof paint or a primer is applied on the surface, similar problems occur. Further, even if waterproofing treatment is performed using a waterproof adhesive tape (sheet) instead of waterproof mortar or waterproof paint, it is difficult to bring the adhesive tape (sheet) into close contact with the concrete surface, and peeling off occurs. The degree of such a defect becomes more remarkable when poor quality concrete is used.

As a method for solving such a problem, at the very early stage of the hardening of concrete, the surface of the concrete which is still in a wet state has a high water-cement ratio and a high adhesiveness such as a dense cationic resin mortar. Patent Document 1 discloses a waterproof construction method in which a performance waterproof material is thinly applied and pressed by a metal trowel.

In addition, in the construction method for waterproofing the floor surface exposed to rainwater such as rooftops and outer corridors and its rising part, the workability of the waterproof construction method using the conventional thick waterproof sheet for floor surface has been improved, and a complete As a method for realizing waterproofing, Patent Document 2 discloses a waterproofing method in which thin waterproof sheets are skillfully combined and used.

However, the method described in Patent Document 1 has a problem that it is difficult to adjust the water-cement ratio and the timing of applying the waterproof material, and considerable skill is required to obtain an appropriate waterproof effect.

In the method described in Patent Document 2, a floor waterproof sheet is installed on a thin waterproof sheet bonded to a rising portion of a building, and the thin waterproof sheet and the floor waterproof sheet are heat-welded together. Alternatively, it is a waterproof method of adhering with an adhesive, but in the field, a thin waterproof sheet and a floor waterproof sheet are heat-welded or adhesively and uniformly joined in a short time without a gap to obtain an appropriate waterproof effect. Therefore, there is a problem that much skill and time (drying of the adhesive, curing time, etc.) are required.

Furthermore, if there are irregularities on the rising part or the floor surface, due to the effect, there will be gaps between the thin waterproof sheet and the adhesive part of the rising part, or between the thin waterproof sheet and the floor tarpaulin adhesive part. The waterproof effect may not be obtained.

As described above, the conventional waterproofing method still has room for improvement in terms of workability and waterproofness.

JP-A-7-119262 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 1-94144

The present invention provides a waterproofing method and a waterproofing structure that can perform a waterproofing process easily and surely without the need for pretreatment (removal of removal) for waterproofing and without requiring skill.

An embodiment of the present invention is a waterproofing method for a building having a floor and a wall rising upward from an edge of the floor,
Placing a sheet-shaped waterproof member on the surface of the floor,
A step of laminating an adhesive member across both the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member and the surface of the wall, and finishing to cover the adhesive member on the surface of the wall and the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member, respectively. And a step of applying the member,
The adhesive member is
Made of a sheet-like adhesive material having a first main surface and a second main surface,
The first main surface is composed of an adhesive layer,
The second main surface comprises a raised layer or an adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed,
Fixed to the sheet-like waterproof member and the wall via the adhesive layer on the first main surface,
The waterproofing method for a building is characterized in that the finishing member is applied to a raised layer on the second main surface or an adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed.

[Floor, wall]
As a material that constitutes the surface of the floor of the building, for example, wooden boards, mortar, concrete (including lightweight cellular concrete building materials), or the like can be used. As a material forming the surface of the wall rising from the edge of the floor, for example, wooden boards, mortar, concrete, bricks, concrete blocks and the like can be used. For the sheet-like waterproof member placed on the surface of the floor, for example, a polymer sheet or a metal sheet described later can be used. The floor and wall finishing members are not limited, and, for example, wooden boards, mortar, concrete, etc. described later can be used.

[Sheet-shaped waterproof member]
The sheet-like waterproof member is not particularly limited as long as the waterproof function of the waterproof structure is not impaired, but is preferably at least one selected from polymer sheets and metal sheets. Examples of the polymer sheet include a resin sheet and a rubber sheet, and the rubber sheet includes a natural rubber sheet and a synthetic rubber sheet.

Examples of the resin sheet include vinyl chloride sheet, polypropylene sheet, polyethylene sheet, polyester sheet, fluororesin sheet, polyimide sheet, polyamide sheet, polystyrene sheet, Teflon (registered trademark) sheet, ABS sheet and the like. As the rubber sheet, an isobutylene/isoprene rubber (butyl rubber) sheet, an ethylene/propylene/diene rubber (EPDM) sheet, a chloroprene rubber (CR) sheet, a nitrile rubber (NBR) sheet, a weather resistant nitrile rubber sheet, a gasoline nitrile rubber sheet , Hydrogenated NBR sheet, styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) sheet, chlorosulfonated polyethylene rubber (CSM) sheet, urethane rubber sheet, natural rubber sheet and the like. Among these sheets, a butyl rubber sheet and an EPDM sheet which are excellent in processability, water resistance and weather resistance are particularly preferable. Examples of the metal sheet include an aluminum sheet, a stainless sheet, a zinc sheet, a tin sheet, a galvanized sheet and a copper sheet.

The size and shape of the sheet-like waterproof member is not particularly limited as long as the waterproof function of the waterproof structure is not impaired, and for example, a single sheet having the same size and shape as the floor surface on which it is placed. It may be. When a sheet-like waterproof member larger than the floor surface is adopted, this sheet-like waterproof member may be bent and used. In this case, it is preferable that the ends of the sheet-like waterproof member that is folded and overlapped are adhered with a waterproof adhesive tape, adhesive tape, adhesive, adhesive, waterproof paint or the like. Further, a plurality of sheet-like waterproof members may be stacked on the floor surface. From the standpoint of workability and finished appearance, the size and shape of the sheet-like waterproof member is preferably the same as the size and shape of the floor surface to be placed.

The sheet-shaped waterproof member may be a long strip-shaped sheet having a predetermined width (for example, 30 to 200 cm). When this type of sheet-like waterproof member is adopted, it is preferable to arrange the sheet-like waterproof members in parallel. Adjacent sheet-like waterproof members preferably overlap or abut their ends. In any case, it is preferable that the seams of the adjacent sheet-like waterproof members are covered with a waterproof adhesive tape, adhesive tape, adhesive, adhesive, waterproof paint or the like. Among these, from the viewpoint of workability and the reasons described later, it is more preferable to use the adhesive tape, and it is more preferable to use the adhesive tape of the non-woven fabric substrate. In addition, when the belt-shaped sheet-shaped waterproof members are stacked in a plurality of layers, for example, the first layer may be arranged in parallel in the vertical direction and the second layer may be arranged in parallel in the transverse direction orthogonal to each other.

The end of the sheet-shaped waterproof member may be aligned with the boundary between the floor surface and the wall surface, may be slightly separated from the wall surface, or may be raised from the lower end of the wall surface to a predetermined height. In any of the forms, the end of the sheet-like waterproof member is fixed to the wall surface with an adhesive member such as a waterproof adhesive tape. From the viewpoint of workability and appearance of the finished product, it is preferable that the end of the sheet-like waterproof member is aligned with the boundary between the floor surface and the wall surface.

When the edge of the sheet-like waterproof member is aligned with the boundary between the floor surface and the wall surface, or slightly separated from the wall surface, the adhesive member is bent in an L shape across both the surface of the wall and the surface of the sheet waterproof member ( It is attached in a state of being bent in an L shape. As a result, the edge of the sheet-like waterproof member is fixed to the wall. On the other hand, when the sheet waterproof member is extended upward along the wall surface, the adhesive member is attached almost straight across the wall and the sheet-shaped waterproof member extending along the wall. As a result, the edge of the sheet-like waterproof member is fixed to the wall.

The thickness of the sheet-shaped waterproof member is not particularly limited as long as the waterproof function of the waterproof structure is not impaired, but 0.5 to 10 mm is preferable. If the thickness is less than 0.5 mm, the sheet-like waterproof member may be damaged during construction. For example, if there is a large unevenness on the floor surface, a large force acts on the sheet-like waterproof member to break the sheet-like waterproof member, and the desired waterproof function may not be obtained. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 10 mm, there is no problem from the viewpoint of waterproofness, but workability during placement or cutting may be reduced.

[Adhesive member]
The adhesive member is made of a sheet-like adhesive material having a first main surface and a second main surface, the first main surface is composed of an adhesive layer, and the second main surface has a raised layer or inorganic particles or organic particles dispersed therein. It is composed of an adhesive coating layer and is attached over both the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member and the surface of the wall via the adhesive layer on the first main surface. That is, this adhesive member fixes the end side of the sheet-like waterproof member to the wall.

(Base material)
The base material of the sheet-like adhesive material is not particularly limited, but for example, cloth cloth, flexible resin film, paper, or the like can be used. Among these, it is preferable to use the cloth material from the viewpoint of flexibility (step followability). In the present specification, the cloth material is used in a concept including a non-woven cloth in addition to a woven cloth and a knitted cloth.

An adhesive layer is provided on one surface of the base material. In this case, the surface of the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer constitutes the first main surface. The pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is provided by applying a waterproof pressure-sensitive adhesive to, for example, a release surface of a single-sided release paper, and by laminating and transferring the adhesive tape on one surface of the base material in the form of an adhesive tape.

A raised layer is provided on the other surface of the base material from the viewpoint of adhesion to the finishing material. In this case, the surface of the napped layer constitutes the second main surface. The constitution of the base material is not particularly limited, but for example, (1) when the base material is a cloth material, the surface thereof may form the raised layer of the second main surface, and (2) A raised fabric layer of the second main surface may be formed by laminating a cloth material different from the cloth material forming the base material on the cloth material forming the base material by adhesion, fusion bonding or entanglement. That is, in the case of a cloth material in which the surface itself of the base material has a raised shape (including a cloth material whose surface is raised by a raising process), the surface itself becomes the raised layer of the second main surface, so that the sheet-shaped adhesive material The substrate has a one-layer structure ((1) above). In addition, (2) when a cloth material having a napped surface is laminated on a cloth material that does not have a napped shape, the sheet-shaped adhesive material has a multi-layered structure (above-mentioned (2)). (3) When the base material is made of a material other than the cloth material (for example, a flexible resin film or paper), the cloth material having a raised surface is adhered or fused to the surface of the material. The brushed layer on the second main surface is formed by laminating the layers. Also in this case, the base material of the sheet-shaped adhesive material has a multilayer structure.

As described above, when a base material having a napped layer provided on the other surface of the base material is used, the napped layer on the second main surface is a finishing member (for example, mortar) applied to the surface. Has a role of fully interlacing with the fibers by penetrating into the voids (openings) between the fibers of the napped layer, so that the finishing member is firmly held on the second main surface. When the finishing material is mortar, the cement particles, together with water, penetrate into the voids between the fibers of the napped layer and fully entangle with the fibers, so that even before drying (before curing) and after drying (after curing), the wall of the wall is When the mortar is applied so as to cover the second main surface of the attached adhesive member, the mortar is prevented from falling off the second main surface.

The second main surface may be an adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed, instead of the napped layer.

As described above, in the case of using the base material having the adhesive coating layer in which the inorganic particles or the organic particles are dispersed on the other surface of the base material, the inorganic particles or the organic particles on the second main surface are The dispersed adhesive coating layer has good compatibility with the finishing member (for example, mortar) applied on the surface thereof, and since the uneven shape of the surface functions as an anchor coat, the finishing member is the second main surface. Firmly held in. When the finishing material is mortar, the cement particles anchor sufficiently to the uneven part of the adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed together with water, so that before drying (before curing) and after drying (after curing) Even if there is, the mortar is prevented from falling off the second main surface when the mortar is applied so as to cover the second main surface of the adhesive member attached to the wall.

(Raised layer)
As described above, the base material of the present invention is provided with a raised layer on at least one surface (second main surface). The "brushed layer" is typically a surface fiber bundle of a fiber layer constituting a cloth material such as a woven cloth, a knitted cloth, and a non-woven fabric, for example, a rotating roll having a large number of protrusions such as abrasive grains and needles, a rotating roller. It refers to a layer in which fibers are opened by secondary raising treatment such as rubbing with a brush or the like, and the surface of the constituent fiber layers is fluffed. Even in a cloth material that has not been subjected to a nap treatment, in the cloth material state as a primary processed product, there are originally fluffy fibers, frayed fibers, loop-shaped fibers, etc. on the surface of the constituent fiber layers of the cloth material. The surface layer is included in the “raised layer” even when it exists or when it has a state in which a fine gap is formed by the entanglement of fibers.

When a raised layer is provided on at least one surface (second main surface) of the base material of the sheet-shaped adhesive material, it is preferable to use a cloth material as described above as the base material, but from the viewpoint of versatility, It is more preferable to use a raised nonwoven fabric. In the specification of the present application, the term “brushed nonwoven fabric” means a surface (a surface opposite to a surface provided with an adhesive layer) that is in contact with at least a finishing member such as mortar in the state of a nonwoven fabric as a general primary processed product. At least the surface of the non-woven fabric in which the fibers are not excessively compressed by some processing (for example, embossing), the non-woven fabric mainly composed of short fibers, or the non-woven fabric of the primary processed product, which is in contact with the finishing member (secondary processing) It is a non-woven fabric or the like that has been treated) and has an increased amount of raised hair as compared to the non-woven fabric of the primary processed product. The non-woven fabric as a primary processed product is composed of a sheet-shaped fiber aggregate that is not a woven fabric, and is partially fused between fibers, partially pressure-bonded between fibers, resin or adhesive, partial adhesion between fibers with an adhesive, fiber It is formed by confounding each other.

For the napped nonwoven fabric, the fleece produced by the dry method, the wet method, the spun bond method, the melt blown method, the air laid method, etc. is subjected to the thermal bond method, the chemical bond method, the needle punch method, the hydroentanglement method (spun lace method), etc. Included bonded primary processed nonwovens. For example, in the case of a non-woven fabric bonded by a thermal bond method, a flat type non-woven fabric in which fibers constituting the fleece are partially fused while being pressed with a hot roll having smoothness, and high-temperature hot air is passed through the fleece in the oven. As a result, the air-through type non-woven fabric in which the fibers forming the fleece are partially fused can be used as the non-woven fabric forming the raised layer. However, the embossed type nonwoven fabric in which the fibers forming the fleece are fused while being pressed with a hot roll having an embossed pattern has a small amount of surface raising and voids between the constituent fibers, and does not adhere to a cosmetic finishing member such as mortar. Since it becomes insufficient and the cosmetic finishing member may fall off from the surface of the nonwoven fabric during the operation of applying the decorative finishing member to the wall, it is not suitable as the nonwoven fabric forming the raised layer.

Each of the non-woven fabric forming the base material and the non-woven fabric forming the raised layer may be a single layer or may be a laminate of a plurality of layers (for example, spunbonded non-woven fabric and melt blown non-woven fabric). In particular, from the viewpoints of versatility, strength, amount of surface raising, amount of voids between constituent fibers, etc., spunbonded nonwoven fabric in which fibers constituting the fleece are partially heat-bonded by thermocompression bonding or air through to bond the fibers together. Is preferably used.

The continuous long fibers forming the spunbonded nonwoven fabric are made of, for example, a thermoplastic resin. As the thermoplastic resin, a thermoplastic resin capable of melt spinning can be used. Examples of the thermoplastic resin include polyolefin resins such as polypropylene, low density polyethylene, high density polyethylene, and linear low density polyethylene, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephthalate and polybutylene terephthalate, and polyamide resins such as nylon-6 and nylon-66. Resins, polystyrene, polystyrene-based resins such as syndiotactic polystyrene, polyurethane elastomers, polyester elastomers, biodegradable resins such as lactic acid-based polyesters, polyphenylene sulfide, and the like, and these thermoplastic resins may be used alone. Alternatively, two or more kinds may be mixed and used.

Examples of the continuous long fiber include a single type and a composite type, and the cross-sectional structure of the composite type fiber (composite fiber) is any of a sheath core type, an eccentric sheath core type, a parallel type, a multilayer type, a sea-island type, etc. But good. The continuous continuous fiber is preferably a composite fiber composed of different resin components. The continuous continuous fiber may be either a non-heat-fusible composite fiber or a heat-fusible composite fiber. It is preferable that the fiber is a composite fiber. The heat-fusible composite fiber is composed of a low-melting point resin and a high-melting point resin having a melting point difference of 10° C. or higher, preferably 15° C. or higher, and at least a part of the fiber surface is formed of a continuous low-melting point resin. A fiber made of a thermoplastic resin composed of two or more resins. The cross-sectional structure of the heat-fusible conjugate fiber may be any one of a sheath-core type, an eccentric sheath-core type, a parallel type, a multi-layer type, a sea-island type, etc., but from the viewpoint of the heat-adhesiveness of the heat-fusible conjugate fiber. Therefore, the sheath-core type is preferable. For example, a sheath-core type of heat-fusible composite fiber of polyethylene terephthalate and polyethylene is preferable.

The non-woven fabric as the primary processed product may be subjected to a raising process as a secondary process on at least a surface in contact with a finishing member such as mortar, and the raised process surface may be used as a support surface (second main surface) of the adhesive tape. As the raising treatment of a non-woven fabric, generally, (1) a method of raising fibers by cutting the fibers on the surface of the non-woven fabric with a rotary die cutter or the like, (2) a fiber by inserting and removing a key needle such as a needle punch into the non-woven fabric (3) Method of raising fibers by suspending or cutting the fibers of the non-woven fabric with a high-speed fluid such as water or air, (4) Contact pressure between a roll having an uneven surface and a roll having a smooth surface A method of raising fibers by looping or cutting the fibers by stretching the nonwoven fabric after damage to the fibers of the nonwoven fabric by contact, (5) rotating roll having many protrusions such as abrasive grains and needles on the surface A method of raising the hair by rubbing the surface of the non-woven fabric with a rotating brush or the like can be used. Among these, the method of hooking the fibers of the above (2) to raise the fibers and the method of rubbing the surface of the above (5) to raise the fibers are preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining a strong nonwoven fabric. Among these raising treatments, from the viewpoint of strength, (2) a method of raising fibers by hooking them, or (5) a method of rubbing the surface to raise hair is preferable.

The non-woven fabric as the primary processing before the raising treatment is partially melted by thermo-compression bonding or air through for the fibers constituting the fleece from the viewpoints of versatility, strength, surface raising amount, void amount between constituent fibers, etc. It is preferable to use a spunbonded nonwoven fabric in which fibers are bonded and the fibers are bonded together.

With respect to the woven cloth and the knitted cloth, the fibers on the surface can be raised by the above-described raising treatment, like the nonwoven fabric.

(Adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed)
When the adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed is formed as the second main surface, the base material is woven cloth, knitted cloth, non-woven cloth, flexible resin film, paper or the like. However, a nonwoven fabric is preferably used from the viewpoint of flexibility and versatility.

The inorganic particles are not particularly limited, and examples thereof include natural abrasives such as flint (SiO ₂ ), garnet (Al ₂ O ₃ .3FeO.3SiO ₂ ), emery (Al ₂ O ₃ .Fe ₂ O ₄ ), and the like. , Artificial carbide such as silicon carbide (SiC), fused alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ), diamond (C), and other micron-sized particles can be used.

The organic particles are not particularly limited, but for example, acrylic particles, acrylic-styrene particles, melamine particles, benzoguanamine particles, acrylonitrile particles, and other micron-sized particles can be used.

As the adhesive, a naturally occurring adhesive such as glue, glue or gelatin, or a synthetic resin adhesive such as phenol resin or epoxy resin is used.

A sheet-like adhesive material having an adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed on the second main surface is one surface of a base material such as cloth material, flexible resin film, or paper (second main surface). It is obtained by coating and drying an adhesive coating liquid in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed on the surface), and by laminating and transferring a waterproof pressure-sensitive adhesive layer on the other surface.

The thickness of the base material such as the cloth cloth, the flexible resin film, and the paper having the adhesive coating layer in which the second main surface has a raised layer or inorganic particles or organic particles dispersed is not particularly limited. However, the range of 100 to 1000 μm is preferable.

An adhesive member having a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer provided on the back surface of a substrate such as a cloth material, a flexible resin film, or a paper, which has a napped layer or an adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed, as described above. According to the above, mortar etc. of the finishing member applied to the surface (brushed layer or adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed) of the substrate such as cloth material, flexible resin film, paper and the like is excellent. It adheres closely and the finished surface is stably supported on the wall surface before drying (before curing) and after drying (after curing).

(Adhesive layer)
The pressure-sensitive adhesive forming the first main surface of the adhesive member is preferably at least one selected from butyl rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesives and acrylic pressure-sensitive adhesives. Among these, it is more preferable to use a butyl rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive that is excellent in waterproofness, conformability to steps, and adhesion to brick wall materials and olefin-based sheet-like waterproofing members such as polypropylene sheets and polyethylene sheets. The butyl rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive is composed of, for example, regenerated butyl rubber or regular butyl rubber mixed with a tackifier, a filler, a softening agent, and other additives, and if necessary, a crosslinking agent and a crosslinking auxiliary agent.

Recycled butyl rubber is preferably used as the butyl rubber of the butyl rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive from the viewpoint of workability. The Mooney viscosity ML ₁₊₄ (100° C.) of the butyl rubber is preferably in the range of 20 to 100. Other than butyl rubber, butadiene rubber, isoprene rubber, polyisobutylene, or other synthetic rubber may be mixed and used.

As the tackifier, for example, various resins compatible with butyl rubber, such as petroleum resin, phenol resin, rosin resin, and terpene resin, can be used. Such a tackifier is preferably used in a ratio of 20 to 200 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the rubber polymer.

Examples of the filler used as an optional component in the butyl rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive include calcium carbonate, talc, magnesium oxide, etc. The amount of the filler used is 5 to 200 parts by mass per 100 parts by mass of the rubber-based polymer. It is preferable to use it in a ratio such that Examples of the softening agent include polybutene and process oil, and the softening agent is preferably used in an amount of 5 to 150 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber polymer. In addition, an antiaging agent, a plasticizer, etc. may be used.

As the cross-linking agent, a cross-linking agent containing at least one selected from thiuram vulcanizing agent, quinoid vulcanizing agent, quinone dioxime vulcanizing agent, and maleimide vulcanizing agent can be used. Specifically, examples of the thiuram vulcanizing agent include tetramethylthiuram disulfide, tetraethylthiuram disulfide, tetrabutylthiuram disulfide, tetrakis(2-ethylhexyl)thiuram disulfide, dipentamethylenethiuram tetrasulfide, and tetramethylthiuram monosulfide. Examples of the quinoid-based vulcanizing agent include poly-p-dinitrosobenzene, and examples of the quinonedioxime vulcanizing agent include p-quinonedioxime and p,p'-dibenzoylquinonedioxime. Examples thereof include N,N'-m-phenylene dimaleimide, N,N'-p-phenylene dimaleimide, N,N'-ethylene dimaleimide and the like. The cross-linking agent is preferably used in a ratio of 0.5 to 20 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the rubber polymer.

The thickness of the butyl rubber pressure-sensitive adhesive is not particularly limited, but it is preferably in the range of 50 to 500 μm. Since the butyl rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive can usually be used to obtain a pressure-sensitive adhesive composition without using an organic solvent or water, the layer thickness of the pressure-sensitive adhesive can be increased by calendar coating or the like. Thereby, the step followability of the adhesive tape is improved.

Butyl rubber adhesives exhibit high adhesion to cement, mortar, concrete, bricks, blocks, etc., and are therefore preferred as an adhesive member for fixing the sheet waterproof member to the wall surface.

[Finishing material]
The finishing member applied to the surface of the wall and the finishing member applied to the sheet-like waterproof member may be the same finishing member or different finishing members. Further, when the same finishing member, for example, mortar, is applied to the wall and the sheet waterproof member, the water-cement ratio of the mortar applied to the wall and the water-cement ratio of the mortar applied to the sheet waterproof member may be different.

The work of applying the finish member to the wall and the work of applying the finish member to the sheet waterproof member may be performed in parallel, or the finish member may be applied to the sheet waterproof member after applying the finish member to the wall. , And vice versa.

The waterproof method and the waterproof structure according to the above-described embodiment having such a configuration are
Placing a sheet-shaped waterproof member on the surface of the floor,
A step of fixing an adhesive member on the sheet-like waterproof member and the wall at a boundary portion between the floor and the wall,
Each of the surface of the wall and the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member is provided with a step of applying a finishing member so as to cover the adhesive member,
The adhesive member is
Made of a sheet-like adhesive material having a first main surface and a second main surface,
The first main surface is composed of an adhesive layer,
The second main surface comprises a raised layer or an adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed,
Fixed to the sheet-like waterproof member and the wall via the adhesive layer on the first main surface,
The finishing member is applied to the raised layer on the second main surface or the adhesive coating layer in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed.

Therefore, irrespective of the state of the floor surface, for example, if the floor surface is a concrete surface, whether the concrete has sufficient strength, and whether the concrete surface has a leitance or dust. Further, regardless of whether the concrete surface has irregularities or not, a sheet-like waterproof member is placed on the floor surface immediately after being constructed, and a finishing member is placed on the sheet-like waterproof member for waterproofing. Processing can be planned. Therefore, the work period from building the floor and walls to waterproofing can be greatly shortened. In addition, the waterproofing is performed by placing a sheet-like waterproof member on the floor surface, and fixing the sheet-like waterproof member to the wall at the boundary between the floor and the wall, for example, via the adhesive layer of the adhesive member. It is a simple task that requires no skill. Therefore, a highly reliable waterproof structure can be obtained even by an inexperienced worker.

Sectional drawing of the waterproof structure which concerns on embodiment of this invention. It is a figure explaining the construction procedure of the waterproof structure shown in Drawing 1, and is a sectional view showing the state before construction. It is a figure explaining the construction procedure of the waterproof structure shown in FIG. 1, and is sectional drawing which shows the state which mounted the sheet-like waterproof member on the floor. It is a figure explaining the construction procedure of the waterproof structure shown in FIG. 1, and is sectional drawing which shows the state which fixed the sheet-shaped waterproof member to the wall with the adhesive member. It is a figure explaining the construction procedure of the waterproof structure shown in Drawing 1, and is a sectional view showing the state where makeup mortar was applied to the wall. It is a figure explaining the construction procedure of the waterproof structure shown in Drawing 1, and is a sectional view showing the state where floor mortar was applied on a sheet-like waterproof member. It is a figure showing the waterproof structure concerning other forms of the present invention, and is a sectional view showing the state where an end (seam) of a sheet-like waterproof member was connected and fixed with an adhesion member. It is a figure showing the waterproof structure concerning other forms of the present invention, and is a sectional view showing the state where an end of a sheet-like waterproof member was raised along a wall and fixed with an adhesion member. The expanded sectional view of an adhesion member. The expanded sectional view of the adhesion member concerning other embodiments. The expanded sectional view of the adhesion member concerning other embodiments.

The floor waterproofing structure and floor waterproofing method according to the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the following description, as a building showing an example in which the floor waterproofing structure and the floor waterproofing method of the present invention are applied to a building having a concrete floor and a wall rising upward from the edge of the floor, a detached house is shown. , Apartments, condominiums, buildings, factories, hospitals, facilities, etc.

FIG. 1 shows a floor waterproof structure 10 according to the first embodiment. Hereinafter, the configuration of the floor waterproof structure 10 will be described together with the method of constructing the floor waterproof structure 10.

The building 10 to which the floor waterproof structure 100 is applied has a floor 12 and a wall 14 that rises vertically from the edge of the floor 12. In the embodiment, the floor 12 is made of concrete and the wall 14 is made of brick.

The material forming the floor 12, particularly the material forming the surface 16 of the floor, is not limited to concrete, and may be other material (for example, wooden board, mortar, or lightweight cellular concrete building material). The material forming the wall 14, particularly the material forming the surface 18 of the wall, is not limited to brick, but may be other materials (for example, wooden board, mortar, lightweight cellular concrete, or concrete block).

The waterproof structure 100 has a sheet-like waterproof member 20 placed on the surface 16 of the floor 12. In the embodiment, the sheet-shaped waterproof member 20 is a butyl rubber sheet or an EPDM sheet. The thickness of the sheet waterproof member 20 is preferably 0.5 to 10 mm.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the sheet-like waterproof member 20 is placed on the floor 12 after the construction of the floor 12 and the wall 14 is completed. When the surface 16 of the floor 12 is concrete, the concrete surface is preferably fully hardened, but need not be fully hardened. In addition, the surface of the concrete may have some dust, or may have a state in which the laitance is almost left or a part thereof is left. Furthermore, the surface of the concrete may have some irregularities.

The sheet-shaped waterproof member 20 may be a single sheet larger than the floor area. In this case, the edge of the sheet-like waterproof member 20 is cut along the boundary between the floor 12 and the wall 14.

The sheet-shaped waterproof member 20 may be a long strip-shaped sheet having a predetermined width (for example, 30 to 200 cm). In this case, it is preferable to arrange the sheet-shaped waterproof members 20 in parallel. As shown in FIG. 7, adjacent sheet-like waterproof members 20 are fixed to each other by abutting their longitudinal edges and covering the abutting portions 22 with an adhesive member 24 so that the adjacent sheet-like waterproof members 20 are fixed to each other. It is preferable to prevent water leakage from the portion 22. When the thickness of the sheet-like waterproof member 20 is small, the longitudinal edge portions of the adjacent sheet-like waterproof members 20 are overlapped, and the overlapped portions of the two are adherent tapes, adhesive tapes, adhesives, and adhesives having waterproofness. It is preferable to prevent water leakage from the upper sheet waterproof member by bonding it with a waterproof paint or by bonding the edge of the upper sheet waterproof member to the lower sheet member with an adhesive.

A plurality of sheet waterproof members 20 may be stacked. For example, when using a long strip-shaped sheet waterproof member, the sheet waterproof member of the first layer (lower layer) is arranged vertically or horizontally according to the width of the floor 12, and the sheet of the second layer (upper layer). The waterproof member may be arranged laterally or vertically so as to be orthogonal to the sheet-shaped waterproof member of the first layer (lower layer).

As shown in FIG. 4, the edge portion of the sheet-like waterproof member 20 placed on the floor 12 (a portion adjacent to the boundary between the floor and the wall) is fixed to the wall 14 with an adhesive member 26. At this time, the adhesive member 26 is bent in an L shape in the middle (in this case, the boundary between the floor and the wall), one is adhered to the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member 20, and the other is upward from the edge of the floor 12. It adheres to the surface 18 of the rising wall 14. As a result, the adhesive layer of the adhesive member 26 comes into close contact with the surface of the sheet waterproof member 20 and the surface 18 of the wall 14 to seal the space between the sheet waterproof member 20 and the wall 14.

In the embodiment, both or one of the adhesive member 24 that connects the sheet-shaped waterproof members 20 and the adhesive member 26 that fixes the sheet-shaped waterproof member 20 to the wall 14 is, as shown in FIG. An adhesive tape having a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 42 having waterproofness on at least one surface (lower surface in the drawing) of the material 41 is preferable. In this embodiment, a napped nonwoven fabric is used as the base material 41, and this napped nonwoven fabric forms a napped layer on the surface. In particular, it is preferable to use a spunbonded nonwoven fabric in which fibers constituting the fleece are partially heat-bonded by thermocompression bonding or air through to bond the fibers together, or a nonwoven fabric whose surface is further raised. A butyl rubber adhesive is used as the adhesive of the adhesive tape. According to this adhesive tape, the napped nonwoven fabric is exposed on the surface in the state shown in FIG. Therefore, as will be described later, when mortar is applied to the surface 18 of the wall 14 and when mortar is applied to the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member 20, the applied mortar penetrates into the voids between the fibers of the nonwoven fabric. , Entangled with the napped fibers on the surface to improve the adhesiveness of the mortar. Further, the butyl rubber-based pressure-sensitive adhesive layer adheres well to the surface 18 of the wall 14 and the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member 20.

As shown in FIG. 10, the base material 51 of the

adhesive members

24 and 26 is formed of a material other than the napped nonwoven fabric, and the waterproof pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 52 is provided on one surface (lower surface in the drawing) of the base material 51, A raised layer 53 made of a raised nonwoven fabric may be provided on the other surface (the upper surface in the drawing) of the base material 51. In this embodiment, as the material other than the napped non-woven fabric, non-raised non-woven fabric, woven fabric, knitted fabric, flexible resin film or paper is used.

In any of the configurations shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the base material and the non-woven fabric do not have to be formed in a single layer, and may be formed by stacking a plurality of layers.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 11, the base material 63 of the

adhesive members

24 and 26 is formed of any material such as cloth material, flexible resin film, or paper, and one of the base material 63 is A waterproof adhesive layer 62 is provided on the surface (the lower surface of the drawing), and a coating layer 66 of an adhesive 64 in which inorganic particles or organic particles 65 are dispersed is provided on the other surface (the upper surface of the drawing) of the base material 63. May be.

After fixing the sheet-like waterproof member 20 to the wall 14, as shown in FIG. 5, the surface 18 of the wall 14 is a wall finishing material so as to cover the adhesive member 26 adhered to the surface 18 of the wall 14. Mortar 28 is applied. The thickness of the mortar 28 is preferably 3 to 10 mm. The mortar 28 may be the final finished surface, or the mortar 28 may be further attached with a decorative tile or a decorative sheet.

As shown in FIG. 6, the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member 20 is coated with mortar 30, which is a floor finishing material. The thickness of the mortar 30 is appropriately determined according to the strength required for the floor surface and the material placed on the mortar 30.

As described above, the mortar 28 on the wall surface may be applied first, and then the mortar 30 on the floor surface may be applied, or conversely, the mortar 30 on the floor surface may be applied and then the mortar 28 on the wall surface may be applied. Further, the composition of the mortar 28 on the wall surface and the composition of the mortar 30 on the floor surface, for example, the water cement ratio or the composition ratio of the fine aggregate may be the same or different.

As shown in FIG. 7, a floor material 32 is placed on the mortar 30 on the floor surface. The floor material 32 is, for example, a wooden floor material (flooring), a tile (porcelain tile, vinyl tile, cork tile), or a carpet.

In this way, according to the above-described waterproof structure and waterproof construction method, the sheet waterproof member is arranged at the bottom layer of the waterproof structure, and the waterproof function is exerted by this sheet waterproof member. Further, the sheet waterproof member is not usually adhered to the floor surface below it, but a part may be adhered. When the sheet waterproofing member is not adhered to the floor surface below it, the state of the floor surface, for example, the state where the concrete is not completely hardened as in the above-described embodiment, the latance of the concrete surface is completely or partially removed. The sheet waterproofing member can be placed on the floor even in a non-exposed state, a state in which dust is present on the concrete surface, or a state in which there is some unevenness on the concrete surface. Therefore, the waterproofing work can be started without waiting for the desired strength to appear in the concrete. Further, when the sheet waterproof member is partially adhered to the floor surface below the sheet waterproof member, the sheet waterproof member can be temporarily fixed, which facilitates the subsequent work.

The above embodiment can be variously modified. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the edge of the sheet-like waterproof member 20 is aligned with the boundary between the floor 12 and the wall 14, but as shown in FIG. You may set it up in length. In this case, as shown in the drawing, the end of the sheet-like waterproof member 20 is fixed to the surface 18 of the wall 14 by attaching the adhesive member 26 in a substantially flat shape.

According to the above-described embodiment, it is possible to provide a waterproofing method and a waterproofing structure that can perform a waterproofing process easily and surely without the need for pretreatment (removal of the leitance) for waterproofing and without requiring skill. It can be applied to waterproof any structure with floors and walls.

100: Waterproof structure 10: Building 12: Floor 14: Wall 16: Floor surface 18: Wall surface 20: Sheet-like waterproof member 22: Butt (joint)
24: Adhesive member 26: Adhesive member 28: Mortar (wall)
30: Mortar (floor)
32: Floor material

Claims

A waterproof construction method for a building (10) having a floor (12) and a wall (14) rising upward from an edge of the floor (12),
Placing a sheet-like waterproof member (20) on the surface (16) of the floor (12);
Bonding an adhesive member (26) so as to extend over both surfaces of the sheet-like waterproof member (20) and the surface (18) of the wall (14),
Applying a finishing member (28, 30) to the surface (18) of the wall (14) and the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member (20) so as to cover the adhesive member (26). Cage,
The adhesive member (26) is
Made of a sheet-like adhesive material having a first main surface and a second main surface,
The first main surface is composed of an adhesive layer (42),
The second main surface comprises a raised layer (41) or an adhesive coating layer (66) in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed,
Fixed to the sheet-like waterproof member (20) and the wall (14) through the adhesive layer (42) on the first main surface,
A waterproofing method, characterized in that the finishing member (28, 30) is applied to the raised layer (41) of the second main surface or the adhesive coating layer (66) in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed.
The waterproof method according to claim 1, wherein the raised layer of the adhesive member (26) is formed of a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a raised nonwoven fabric.
The adhesive member (26) has a base material (41),
The base material (41) is composed of a non-woven fabric,
The non-woven fabric is formed of a brushed non-woven fabric,
The waterproof construction method according to claim 1, wherein the raised nonwoven fabric constitutes the raised layer.
The adhesive member (26) includes a base material (51) and a nonwoven fabric (53) arranged on the base material (51),
The non-woven fabric (53) is formed of a raised non-woven fabric,
The waterproof construction method according to claim 1, wherein the napped nonwoven fabric (53) constitutes the napped layer.
The waterproof construction method according to any one of claims 2 to 4, wherein the napped nonwoven fabric is a nonwoven fabric that is not entirely compressed by embossing.
A waterproof structure for a building (10) having a floor (12) and a wall (14) rising upward from an edge of the floor (12),
A sheet-like waterproof member (20) placed on the surface (16) of the floor (12),
An adhesive member (26) which is attached so as to straddle both surfaces of the sheet-like waterproof member (20) and the surface (18) of the wall (14) to fix the sheet-like waterproof member (20);
The surface of the wall (14) and the surface of the sheet-like waterproof member (20) are respectively provided with finishing members (28, 30) applied so as to cover the adhesive member (26),
The adhesive member (26) is
Made of a sheet-like adhesive material having a first main surface and a second main surface,
The first main surface is composed of an adhesive layer (42),
The second main surface is composed of a raised layer (41) or an adhesive coating layer (66) in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed,
It is fixed to the sheet-like waterproof member (20) and the wall (14) through the adhesive layer (42) on the first main surface,
The waterproof structure, wherein the finishing member (28, 30) is applied to the raised layer (41) or the adhesive coating layer (66) in which inorganic particles or organic particles are dispersed on the second main surface. ..
The waterproof structure according to claim 6, wherein the raised layer of the adhesive member (26) is formed of a woven fabric, a knitted fabric, or a raised nonwoven fabric.
The adhesive member (26) has a base material (41),
The base material (41) is composed of a non-woven fabric,
The non-woven fabric is formed of a brushed non-woven fabric,
The waterproof structure according to claim 6, wherein the napped nonwoven fabric constitutes the napped layer.
The adhesive member (26) includes a base material (51) and a nonwoven fabric (53) arranged on the base material (51),
The non-woven fabric (53) is formed of a raised non-woven fabric,
The waterproof structure according to claim 6, wherein the napped nonwoven fabric constitutes the napped layer.
The waterproof structure according to any one of claims 7 to 9, wherein the napped nonwoven fabric is a nonwoven fabric that is not entirely compressed by embossing.