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WO2020194037A1 - Process of separating a fraction of fibre usable as a dietary supplement from press cake generated in palm oil extraction - Google Patents

Process of separating a fraction of fibre usable as a dietary supplement from press cake generated in palm oil extraction Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2020194037A1
WO2020194037A1 PCT/IB2019/052561 IB2019052561W WO2020194037A1 WO 2020194037 A1 WO2020194037 A1 WO 2020194037A1 IB 2019052561 W IB2019052561 W IB 2019052561W WO 2020194037 A1 WO2020194037 A1 WO 2020194037A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
fraction
conveyor
usable
dietary supplement
fiber
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/IB2019/052561
Other languages
Spanish (es)
French (fr)
Inventor
Omar CADENA GÓMEZ
Rubén MOSQUERA RAMIREZ
Oscar Javier ROJAS
Original Assignee
Phina Biosoluciones S.A.S.
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Phina Biosoluciones S.A.S. filed Critical Phina Biosoluciones S.A.S.
Priority to PCT/IB2019/052561 priority Critical patent/WO2020194037A1/en
Priority to BR112021019245A priority patent/BR112021019245A2/en
Priority to MX2021004263A priority patent/MX2021004263A/en
Publication of WO2020194037A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020194037A1/en
Priority to CONC2021/0012646A priority patent/CO2021012646A2/en
Priority to ECSENADI202171588A priority patent/ECSP21071588A/en

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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/30—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms
    • A23K10/37—Animal feeding-stuffs from material of plant origin, e.g. roots, seeds or hay; from material of fungal origin, e.g. mushrooms from waste material
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/10—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for ruminants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B65—CONVEYING; PACKING; STORING; HANDLING THIN OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL
    • B65G—TRANSPORT OR STORAGE DEVICES, e.g. CONVEYORS FOR LOADING OR TIPPING, SHOP CONVEYOR SYSTEMS OR PNEUMATIC TUBE CONVEYORS
    • B65G33/00—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors
    • B65G33/08—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials
    • B65G33/14—Screw or rotary spiral conveyors for fluent solid materials comprising a screw or screws enclosed in a tubular housing
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
    • Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
    • Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production

Definitions

  • the fruits are harvested, by cutting the clusters that contain said fruit and that are found directly from the plant. In these bunches, the fruits make up around 65% by weight of the bunch, while the remaining 35% corresponds to the rachis, which is characterized by a high fiber content and is responsible for supporting and supporting the fruits in the plant.
  • the processing of the bunches for the extraction of the oil requires the implementation of beneficiation plants, in which the processing begins with the sterilization of the bunch at high temperatures, which also seeks to avoid possible increases in free fatty acids, to facilitate mechanical separation. of the fruit, and prepare the mesocarp of this for a later stage of pressing.
  • the material is subjected to a process of detaching the fruits from the rachis so that said fruits can be subsequently pressed; then, said material goes to a digester that macerates and conditions the fruits to be able to extract the oil in the next pressing step.
  • the pressing is carried out in a screw press, which compresses the fruit to extract the oil, in such a way that two streams are obtained: a liquid stream known as press liquor, which enters a clarification stage that seeks to recover and purify the largest amount of red oil, and a solid stream known as press cake, which contains various by-products that can be exploited.
  • the nuts of the fruit and the fiber which are later separated by means of a shredder column.
  • the fiber-free walnuts are stored in drying silos and then go through breaker mills that produce a mixture of husk and almond; Subsequently, the components of said mixture are separated to, on the one hand, obtain the husk that will later be sold or used as boiler fuel, and on the other hand, dry, store and press the almond in order to obtain oil palm kernel and palm kernel cake, where the latter can be used as animal feed.
  • the fiber that leaves the shredder column passes through a cyclone in charge of reducing the speed of the fiber flow and a conveyor that removes part of the humidity from it; Said fiber, which comprises between 13 and 17% of the total bunch, contains between 6% and 12% of residual oil with respect to the dry fiber, 36% humidity and a heat capacity of 2700 kCal / kg. Therefore, the fiber obtained is commonly used in boilers to produce, on the one hand, steam that is used in the processes, and on the other, usable energy in the plant through steam turbines, with which it is capable of supply the energy demand of the plant, and even, depending on the capacity of the plant, could produce more energy than required by the plant. Consequently, there is usually an excess of fiber that is problematic as a solid waste, thus the need arises to consider alternatives to reduce said solid waste, for example, by taking advantage of this by-product in other fields.
  • the article "Use of the by-products of the extraction of African palm oil in animal production” describes the use of the solid content obtained after the pressing process (referred to in the article as cachaça) for feeding programs due to its high content. of fat with a significant percentage of essential fatty acids. Said article reports that cachaça is capable of 100% substituting the traditional energy source (in this case, soybean cake fortified with vitamins and minerals) for fattening pigs, and also that cachaça is capable of replacing 50% molasses used for the production of nutritional blocks for bovines, which proves that the by-products obtained from the cachaça are suitable as animal feed.
  • application N16051704 describes a method of extracting a fraction of the fiber obtained from pressing, which has better characteristics to be used as a ruminant dietary supplement, due to its high residual oil content and a low percentage of fiber.
  • Said application speaks of the initial separation of the pressing fiber from the pressing cake by means of a shredding column, and after the separation of two fractions of said pressing fiber using a separating drum, where a fraction is composed by long threads tangled together that is used as fuel for the boiler, and the other fraction It comprises a fine, dense, granulated material that can be used as a dietary supplement for ruminants.
  • the applicant starts from the definition of two fiber fractions, the fibrous yarn fraction and the granulated fraction, to develop a process that allows the separation of the granulated fraction from the rest of the press cake resulting in the extraction. of palm oil, during the process of transporting it to the shredder column.
  • This process comprises the following stages: 1. Separation of the granulated fraction from the rest of the pressing cake (nuts and fibers) by means of an endless paddle conveyor with perforated canoes.
  • the granulated fraction is separated from the pressing cake during its transport from the press, where the granulated part, on the one hand, goes to a drying system, and on the other hand, the nuts together with the fibrous fraction passes to the shredder column, and the respective separation of the nuts from the rest of the fiber continues.
  • the granulated fraction is dried, whereby the water contained in said fraction is removed until reaching a humidity percentage lower than 15%.
  • Said dry granulate will be used as a dietary supplement for animals, such as ruminants, due to its high fat content, as well as a significant content of protein, fiber, total carbohydrates and caloric value when choosing a food product.
  • the process of separating the fraction that can be used as a dietary supplement as described in the present document is advantageous as it allows the processing of said fraction to be carried out separately from the treatment of the rest of the fiber.
  • the number of stages through which the bulk of the fiber (fibrous yarns) will have to pass will be significantly reduced, and therefore
  • smaller equipment will be required to treat the usable fraction (mainly granulated fraction), which will directly influence the monetary costs and energy requirements of the process.
  • the fibrous threads that are used as fuel continue their passage to the boiler without being affected by the stages of obtaining the granulated fraction, therefore, in the event that an event occurs during the separation of said fraction , the obtaining of usable fiber as fuel would not be interrupted.
  • Figure 1 general diagram of the process of separation of the granulated fraction from the pressing cake from the extraction of palm oil defined by the present application.
  • FIG. 2 Detailed view of the modified auger conveyor with perforated canoes used in the process described in this document.
  • Figure 3 diagram of a preferred embodiment of the process for separating the granulated fraction from the pressing cake from the extraction of palm oil of the present application.
  • Figure 4 general diagram of the separation process of application N16051704 of the granulated fraction of the pressing cake from the extraction of palm oil.
  • the process defined in the present application begins with the pressing (1) of a previously sterilized material that comprises the fresh fruit bunches of the oil palm, from which the red oil is obtained, which is then processed and clarified to obtain the palm oil, and the pressing cake, which goes through the subsequent separation steps, as described below.
  • the pressing cake which contains the nuts and the fiber of the treated fruits, passes through a modified cake conveyor with perforated canoes (2) that allow the exit of the granulated fraction with impurities from the fibrous yarn fraction (approximately less than 15%) while the rest of the cake, made up of walnuts, the fibrous yarn fraction and part of the non-recovered granulated fraction, is taken to the shredding column (5) for separation where, on the one hand, The nuts continue the respective processing to obtain palm kernel oil and palm kernel cake, and on the other hand, the fraction of the fibrous threads together with the part of the granulated fraction not recovered pass through a cyclone and arrive at the boiler ( 6) where they will serve as fuel for the plant.
  • Figure 2 shows in detail the design of the modified press cake conveyor (2), which consists of an auger provided with drag paddles and perforated laminar plates (2a) in the lower part of the conveyor.
  • the perforations in the laminar plates allow the granulated fraction to pass out of the conveyor during the passage of the rest of the pressing cake towards the shredder column.
  • the modified cake conveyor (2) has a perforated laminar plate (2a) located in a section of the bottom thereof.
  • the perforated laminar plate (2a) extends along the conveyor (2) encompassing the entire lower part thereof.
  • the conveyor (2) has more than one perforated laminar plate (2a) located in at least one section of the lower part thereof.
  • the perforations of the laminar plates (detail A) located in the lower part of the cake conveyor are of the same size, these being of a size between 2 and 6 mm in diameter. In other embodiments of the present invention, the perforations in the cake conveyor can be varied sizes between 2 and 6 mm in diameter.
  • the different sized conveyor perforations are homogeneously distributed along the bottom plate of the conveyor.
  • the size of the perforations decreases along the conveyor, such that in the first run of the conveyor the perforations are 6 mm, and the size of the perforation is reduced to a perforation size of 2 mm .
  • the granulated fraction passes, with the help of an endless screw conveyor, towards a drying system (3), in charge of reducing the amount of moisture in the granulated fraction until a percentage less than 15%.
  • the drying system (3) is made up of a pneumatic conveyor (3a), which is connected to a radiator that raises the air temperature to dry the material, a cyclone (3c), responsible for reducing the speed of the air flow that contains said fraction, and a hopper that collects the treated material.
  • the pneumatic conveyor (3a) is further coupled to a vertical column (3b) that increases the contact area of the particles with the hot air to achieve faster and more efficient drying of the granulated material.
  • the drying system (3) also comprises a second pneumatic conveyor (3a ') and a cyclone (3c'), in order to remove a greater amount of moisture that may remain in said material.
  • the second pneumatic conveyor (3a ') is further coupled to a second vertical column (3b').
  • the granulated fraction subjected to the drying process is collected in a sluice and is then dosed to a separating drum, which comprises sheets with circular perforations or rectangular angeo-type meshes with pores of an area between 16 to 36 at the base. mm 2 , and allows the separation of possible impurities (mainly fibrous threads) that may remain in the granulated material.
  • the separation occurs due to differences in particle size similar to what occurs with sieves, where the granulated fraction passes through the perforations of the sheets. In this way, the granulated fraction goes out through said perforations as the rest of the impurities of fibrous yarns pass along the drum.
  • the fibrous yarns are led by means of an endless conveyor towards the fraction of fibrous yarns separated from the nuts in the shredder column (5), which is directed to the boilers (6).
  • the applicant develops a process for obtaining a granulated fraction that comprises, but is not limited to, the following steps according to Figure 3:
  • Table 3 shows the comparative results of the percentages in total weight with respect to the weight of the fresh fruit bunch for the final by-products obtained in the compared processes:
  • the granulate fraction may contain impurities of fibrous yarns, as well as remaining moisture, the amounts present of each of these components in the final by-product obtained with each of the compared methods were studied, yielding the information reported in Table 4 below:
  • the process for separating the granulated fraction as described in the present document allows the granulated fraction to be handled separately from a large part of the fibrous yarn fraction, which guarantees that the boiler has access to said fibrous yarns is constant, even if some kind of eventuality occurs with the separation of the granulated phase.

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Animal Husbandry (AREA)
  • Zoology (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Physiology (AREA)
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  • Coloring Foods And Improving Nutritive Qualities (AREA)
  • Fodder In General (AREA)
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Abstract

The present invention relates to a process for obtaining a fraction of fibre usable as a dietary supplement for animals generated during the palm oil extraction process, which involves an initial separation of said fraction from a solid material obtained from pressing the fruit obtained from palm oil bunches, and a drying step wherein said fraction is obtained with a moisture content of less than 15%, to be subsequently used as a dietary supplement for animals.

Description

PROCESO DE SEPARACIÓN DE UNA FRACCIÓN DE FIBRA PROCESS OF SEPARATION OF A FIBER FRACTION
APROVECHABLE COMO SUPLEMENTO DIETARIO A PARTIR DE TORTA DE PRENSADO GENERADA EN LA EXTRACCIÓN DE ACEITE DE PALMA USED AS A DIETARY SUPPLEMENT FROM PRESSING CAKE GENERATED IN THE EXTRACTION OF PALM OIL
ANTECEDENTES TÉCNICOS TECHNICAL BACKGROUND
El desarrollo de la industria en torno a la palma de aceite ha ido en aumento durante los últimos años debido al aprovechamiento que puede darse a todas las partes de esta planta. Es así como de la palma de aceite se pueden aprovechar el tronco, las hojas y los frutos, en donde el tronco y las hojas se utilizan como materia prima en la elaboración de muebles y pulpa de papel, mientras que de los frutos se obtiene principalmente aceite de palma. Al día de hoy, el cultivo de palma de aceite es el que produce una mayor cantidad de aceite por hectárea sembrada, siendo este aceite ampliamente utilizado en la industria alimentaria y oleoquímica. The development of the industry around the oil palm has been increasing in recent years due to the use that can be made to all parts of this plant. This is how oil palm can take advantage of the trunk, leaves and fruits, where the trunk and leaves are used as raw material in the manufacture of furniture and paper pulp, while the fruits are mainly obtained Palm oil. As of today, oil palm cultivation is the one that produces the highest amount of oil per hectare sown, this oil being widely used in the food and oleochemical industries.
Para la extracción del aceite de palma, se realiza la cosecha de los frutos, mediante el corte de los racimos que contienen dicha fruta y que se encuentran directamente de la planta. En dichos racimos, los frutos conforman alrededor del 65% en peso del racimo, mientras que el restante 35% corresponde al raquis, el cual se caracteriza por un alto contenido de fibra y es el encargado de sostener y dar soporte a los frutos en la planta. For the extraction of palm oil, the fruits are harvested, by cutting the clusters that contain said fruit and that are found directly from the plant. In these bunches, the fruits make up around 65% by weight of the bunch, while the remaining 35% corresponds to the rachis, which is characterized by a high fiber content and is responsible for supporting and supporting the fruits in the plant.
El procesamiento de los racimos para la extracción del aceite requiere la implementación de plantas de beneficio, en las cuales se inicia el procesamiento con la esterilización del racimo a altas temperaturas, que busca además evitar posibles aumentos de los ácidos grasos libres, facilitar la separación mecánica del fruto, y preparar el mesocarpio de éste para una posterior etapa de prensado. The processing of the bunches for the extraction of the oil requires the implementation of beneficiation plants, in which the processing begins with the sterilization of the bunch at high temperatures, which also seeks to avoid possible increases in free fatty acids, to facilitate mechanical separation. of the fruit, and prepare the mesocarp of this for a later stage of pressing.
Seguido de esto, el material se somete a un proceso de desprendimiento de los frutos de los raquis para que dichos frutos puedan ser prensados posteriormente; luego, dicho material pasa a un digestor que macera y acondiciona los frutos para poder extraer el aceite en el siguiente paso de prensado. Following this, the material is subjected to a process of detaching the fruits from the rachis so that said fruits can be subsequently pressed; then, said material goes to a digester that macerates and conditions the fruits to be able to extract the oil in the next pressing step.
El prensado se realiza en una prensa de tornillo, la cual comprime el fruto para extraer el aceite, de tal forma que se obtienen dos corrientes: una corriente líquida conocida como licor de prensa, que entra en una etapa de clarificación que busca recuperar y purificar la mayor cantidad de aceite rojo, y una corriente sólida conocida como torta de prensado, que contiene varios subproductos que pueden ser aprovechados. The pressing is carried out in a screw press, which compresses the fruit to extract the oil, in such a way that two streams are obtained: a liquid stream known as press liquor, which enters a clarification stage that seeks to recover and purify the largest amount of red oil, and a solid stream known as press cake, which contains various by-products that can be exploited.
Dentro de los subproductos comprendidos en la torta de prensado se encuentran las nueces del fruto y la fibra, las cuales son posteriormente separadas mediante una columna desfibradora. Las nueces libres de fibra se almacenan en silos de secado y luego pasan por molinos rompedores que producen una mezcla de cascarilla y almendra; posteriormente, se separan los componentes de dicha mezcla para, por un lado, obtener la cascarilla que luego va a ser vendida o usada como combustible de caldera, y por el otro lado, secar, almacenar y prensar la almendra con el fin de obtener aceite de palmiste y torta de palmiste, en donde esta última puede ser usada como alimento para animales. Among the by-products included in the pressing cake are the nuts of the fruit and the fiber, which are later separated by means of a shredder column. The fiber-free walnuts are stored in drying silos and then go through breaker mills that produce a mixture of husk and almond; Subsequently, the components of said mixture are separated to, on the one hand, obtain the husk that will later be sold or used as boiler fuel, and on the other hand, dry, store and press the almond in order to obtain oil palm kernel and palm kernel cake, where the latter can be used as animal feed.
Por otra parte, la fibra que sale de la columna desfibradora pasa por un ciclón encargado de disminuir la velocidad del flujo de la fibra y un transportador que retira parte de la humedad de la misma; dicha fibra, que comprende entre el 13 y 17% del total del racimo, contiene entre un 6% y un 12% de aceite residual con respecto a la fibra seca, 36% de humedad y una capacidad calorífica de 2700 kCal/kg. Por lo tanto, la fibra obtenida es comúnmente usada en calderas para producir, por un lado, vapor que se utiliza en los procesos, y por el otro, energía utilizable en la planta por medio de turbinas de vapor, con lo que es capaz de suplir la demanda energética de la planta, e incluso, dependiendo de la capacidad de la planta, podría producir más energía de la requerida por la planta. En consecuencia, por lo general existe un exceso de fibra que resulta problemático como residuo sólido, por lo que surge la necesidad de plantear alternativas para disminuir dichos residuos sólidos, por ejemplo, mediante el aprovechamiento de este subproducto en otros campos. On the other hand, the fiber that leaves the shredder column passes through a cyclone in charge of reducing the speed of the fiber flow and a conveyor that removes part of the humidity from it; Said fiber, which comprises between 13 and 17% of the total bunch, contains between 6% and 12% of residual oil with respect to the dry fiber, 36% humidity and a heat capacity of 2700 kCal / kg. Therefore, the fiber obtained is commonly used in boilers to produce, on the one hand, steam that is used in the processes, and on the other, usable energy in the plant through steam turbines, with which it is capable of supply the energy demand of the plant, and even, depending on the capacity of the plant, could produce more energy than required by the plant. Consequently, there is usually an excess of fiber that is problematic as a solid waste, thus the need arises to consider alternatives to reduce said solid waste, for example, by taking advantage of this by-product in other fields.
En conexión con lo anterior, en el estado de la técnica se describen distintas estrategias para la utilización de los subproductos obtenidos, entre las que se contempla su uso como alimentos para seres vivos. In connection with the above, the state of the art describes different strategies for the use of the by-products obtained, including their use as food for living beings.
Tal es el caso de la solicitud KR20140060124, en donde se muestra el uso de un subproducto (fibra del mesocarpio del fruto) del proceso de producción de aceite de palma, o hidrolizado del mismo, como alimento para ganadería, en donde se emplean procesos de hidrólisis para aumentar el contenido de carbohidrato en el alimento. Such is the case of the application KR20140060124, which shows the use of a by-product (fiber from the mesocarp of the fruit) of the palm oil production process, or its hydrolyzate, as food for livestock, where processes of hydrolysis to increase the carbohydrate content in the feed.
Además, el artículo“Utilización de los subproductos de la extracción de aceite de palma africana en producción animal’ describe el uso del contenido sólido obtenido luego del proceso de prensado (denominado en el artículo como cachaza) para programas de alimentación debido a su alto contenido de grasa con un porcentaje importante de ácidos grasos esenciales. Dicho artículo reporta que la cachaza es capaz de sustituir en un 100% la fuente energética tradicional (en este caso, torta de soya fortificada con vitaminas y minerales) para cerdos en engorde, y también que la cachaza es capaz de sustituir en un 50% la melaza empleada para la elaboración de bloques nutricionales para bovinos, con lo que se prueba que los subproductos obtenidos de la cachaza son aptos como alimento para animales. In addition, the article "Use of the by-products of the extraction of African palm oil in animal production" describes the use of the solid content obtained after the pressing process (referred to in the article as cachaça) for feeding programs due to its high content. of fat with a significant percentage of essential fatty acids. Said article reports that cachaça is capable of 100% substituting the traditional energy source (in this case, soybean cake fortified with vitamins and minerals) for fattening pigs, and also that cachaça is capable of replacing 50% molasses used for the production of nutritional blocks for bovines, which proves that the by-products obtained from the cachaça are suitable as animal feed.
Adicionalmente, la solicitud N16051704 describe un método de extracción de una fracción de la fibra obtenida del prensado, la cual presenta mejores características para ser empleada como suplemento dietario de rumiantes, debido a su alto contenido de aceite residual y un bajo porcentaje de fibra. Dicha solicitud habla de la separación inicial de la fibra de prensado a partir de la torta de prensado por medio de una columna desfibradora, y luego de la separación de dos fracciones de dicha fibra de prensado usando un tambor separador, en donde una fracción está compuesta por hilos largos enredados entre sí que se aprovecha como combustible para la caldera, y la otra fracción comprende un material granulado, fino y denso, aprovechable como suplemento dietario para rumiantes. Sin embargo, el procesamiento posterior de la torta de prensado para la obtención de dicho material granulado resulta costoso pues se requiere de un tambor separador de gran tamaño para la separación de la fibra, además de transportadores sinfín y elevadores de cangilones adicionales para llevar los hilos de fibra hacia la caldera, que elevan la demanda energética del proceso, e incluso un paso adicional de purificación de la fracción de fibra granulada. Additionally, application N16051704 describes a method of extracting a fraction of the fiber obtained from pressing, which has better characteristics to be used as a ruminant dietary supplement, due to its high residual oil content and a low percentage of fiber. Said application speaks of the initial separation of the pressing fiber from the pressing cake by means of a shredding column, and after the separation of two fractions of said pressing fiber using a separating drum, where a fraction is composed by long threads tangled together that is used as fuel for the boiler, and the other fraction It comprises a fine, dense, granulated material that can be used as a dietary supplement for ruminants. However, the subsequent processing of the press cake to obtain said granulated material is expensive since a large separator drum is required for the separation of the fiber, as well as additional endless conveyors and bucket elevators to carry the yarns. of fiber to the boiler, which increase the energy demand of the process, and even an additional purification step of the granulated fiber fraction.
Por lo tanto, y teniendo en cuenta que se ha identificado una fracción aprovechable como suplemento dietario dentro de la fibra obtenida del proceso de prensado, surge la necesidad de continuar desarrollando metodologías que permitan la separación de dicha fracción comprendida por el material granulado aprovechable como suplemento dietario para animales, y que además se puedan plantear metodologías que requieran una menor cantidad de energía para llevarse a cabo. Therefore, and taking into account that a fraction that can be used as a dietary supplement has been identified within the fiber obtained from the pressing process, the need arises to continue developing methodologies that allow the separation of said fraction comprised by the granulated material that can be used as a supplement. diet for animals, and also that methodologies can be proposed that require less energy to be carried out.
Características básicas de la invención Basic characteristics of the invention
Ahora bien, teniendo en cuenta las enseñanzas del estado de la técnica anterior y partiendo de la base de los procesos actualmente conocidos en el estado de la técnica que involucran los subproductos del proceso de extracción de aceite de palma, el solicitante de la invención en cuestión consideró importante desarrollar un proceso para obtener de manera más eficiente y novedosa la fracción de fibra aprovechable como suplemento dietario comprendida en la torta de prensado. Now, taking into account the teachings of the prior state of the art and starting from the basis of the processes currently known in the state of the art that involve the by-products of the palm oil extraction process, the applicant of the invention in question considered it important to develop a process to obtain in a more efficient and novel way the fraction of fiber that can be used as a dietary supplement included in the pressing cake.
Con base en esto, el solicitante parte de la definición de dos fracciones de fibra, la fracción de hilos fibrosos y la fracción granulada, para desarrollar un proceso que permite la separación de la fracción granulada del resto de la torta de prensado resultante en la extracción del aceite de palma, durante el proceso de transporte de la misma hacia la columna desfibradora. Dicho proceso comprende las siguientes etapas: 1. Separación de la fracción granulada del resto de la torta de prensado (nueces y fibras) mediante un transportador sinfín de paletas con canoas perforadas. Based on this, the applicant starts from the definition of two fiber fractions, the fibrous yarn fraction and the granulated fraction, to develop a process that allows the separation of the granulated fraction from the rest of the press cake resulting in the extraction. of palm oil, during the process of transporting it to the shredder column. This process comprises the following stages: 1. Separation of the granulated fraction from the rest of the pressing cake (nuts and fibers) by means of an endless paddle conveyor with perforated canoes.
2. Secado de la fracción granulada por medio de un sistema de secado conformado por un transportador neumático acoplado con un radiador, y un ciclón. 2. Drying of the granulated fraction by means of a drying system made up of a pneumatic conveyor coupled with a radiator, and a cyclone.
En este orden de ideas, la fracción granulada se separa de la torta de prensado durante su transporte desde la prensa, en donde la parte granulada, por un lado, sale hacia un sistema de secado, y por el otro lado, las nueces junto con la fracción fibrosa pasan a la columna desfibradora, y continúan la respectiva separación de las nueces del resto de la fibra. In this order of ideas, the granulated fraction is separated from the pressing cake during its transport from the press, where the granulated part, on the one hand, goes to a drying system, and on the other hand, the nuts together with the fibrous fraction passes to the shredder column, and the respective separation of the nuts from the rest of the fiber continues.
Luego de dicha etapa de separación, la fracción granulada es secada, con lo cual se retira el agua contenida en dicha fracción hasta alcanzar un porcentaje de humedad inferior al 15%. Dicho granulado seco será usado como suplemento dietario para animales, tales como rumiantes, debido a su alto contenido de grasas, así como un contenido de proteína, fibra, carbohidratos totales y valor calórico significativos a la hora de elegir un producto alimenticio. After said separation stage, the granulated fraction is dried, whereby the water contained in said fraction is removed until reaching a humidity percentage lower than 15%. Said dry granulate will be used as a dietary supplement for animals, such as ruminants, due to its high fat content, as well as a significant content of protein, fiber, total carbohydrates and caloric value when choosing a food product.
Adicionalmente, el proceso de separación de la fracción aprovechable como suplemento dietario tal como se describe en el presente documento resulta ventajoso pues permite que el procesamiento de dicha fracción se realice por separado del tratamiento del resto de la fibra. En ese sentido, y considerando que la mayor parte de la fibra presente en la torta de prensado corresponde a hilos fibrosos, la cantidad de etapas por las cuales tendrá que pasar el grueso de la fibra (hilos fibrosos) se verá significativamente reducido, y por otro lado, se requerirán equipos de menores dimensiones para tratar la fracción aprovechable (principalmente fracción granulada), lo cual influirá directamente en los costes monetarios y requerimientos energéticos del proceso. Additionally, the process of separating the fraction that can be used as a dietary supplement as described in the present document is advantageous as it allows the processing of said fraction to be carried out separately from the treatment of the rest of the fiber. In that sense, and considering that most of the fiber present in the pressing cake corresponds to fibrous yarns, the number of stages through which the bulk of the fiber (fibrous yarns) will have to pass will be significantly reduced, and therefore On the other hand, smaller equipment will be required to treat the usable fraction (mainly granulated fraction), which will directly influence the monetary costs and energy requirements of the process.
A su vez, otra ventaja que presenta el uso del transportador sinfín de paletas con canoas perforadas es que se obtiene una fracción granulada con un porcentaje bajo de impurezas de hilos fibrosos. En este orden de ideas, no se haría necesario someter la fracción granulada a un paso de purificación, por ejemplo, usando un tambor separador o una columna neumática desfibradora. In turn, another advantage of the use of the endless pallet conveyor with perforated canoes is that a granulated fraction is obtained with a low percentage of fibrous yarn impurities. In this order of ideas, it would not be necessary to subject the granulated fraction to a purification step, for example, using a separator drum or a pneumatic shredder column.
Por otro lado, los hilos fibrosos que son utilizados como combustible continúan su paso hasta la caldera sin verse afectados por las etapas de obtención de la fracción granulada, por lo que, en caso de que llegase a ocurrir una eventualidad durante la separación de dicha fracción, la obtención de fibra utilizable como combustible no se vería interrumpida. On the other hand, the fibrous threads that are used as fuel continue their passage to the boiler without being affected by the stages of obtaining the granulated fraction, therefore, in the event that an event occurs during the separation of said fraction , the obtaining of usable fiber as fuel would not be interrupted.
Descripción detallada de la invención Detailed description of the invention
Teniendo en cuenta lo planteado previamente, el objeto de la presente solicitud y las sorprendentes ventajas técnicas logradas por el inventor, a continuación se describen en detalle las características esenciales, aunque no limitativas, del proceso de separación de la fracción aprovechable como suplemento dietario de las fibras de prensado generadas en la extracción de aceite de palma desarrollado. Taking into account the previously stated, the object of the present application and the surprising technical advantages achieved by the inventor, the essential characteristics, although not limiting, of the process of separating the fraction that can be used as a dietary supplement of the Press fibers generated in the extraction of palm oil developed.
Para un mayor entendimiento de la presente invención, el proceso se ilustra en las siguientes figuras: For a better understanding of the present invention, the process is illustrated in the following figures:
Figura 1 : esquema general del proceso de separación de la fracción granulada a partir de la torta de prensado proveniente de la extracción del aceite de palma definido por la presente solicitud. Figure 1: general diagram of the process of separation of the granulated fraction from the pressing cake from the extraction of palm oil defined by the present application.
Figura 2: vista detallada del transportador sinfín modificado con canoas perforadas empleado en el proceso descrito en el presente documento. Figure 2: Detailed view of the modified auger conveyor with perforated canoes used in the process described in this document.
Figura 3: esquema de una realización preferente del proceso de separación de la fracción granulada a partir de la torta de prensado proveniente de la extracción del aceite de palma de la presente solicitud. Figure 3: diagram of a preferred embodiment of the process for separating the granulated fraction from the pressing cake from the extraction of palm oil of the present application.
Figura 4: esquema general del proceso de separación de la solicitud N16051704 de la fracción granulada de la torta de prensado proveniente de la extracción del aceite de palma. En la Figura 1 , el proceso definido en la presente solicitud comienza con el prensado (1 ) de un material previamente esterilizado que comprende los racimos de fruta frescos de la palma de aceite, a partir del cual se obtiene el aceite rojo, que luego es procesado y clarificado para obtener el aceite de palma, y la torta de prensado, que pasa a los subsiguientes pasos de separación, tal como se describe a continuación. Figure 4: general diagram of the separation process of application N16051704 of the granulated fraction of the pressing cake from the extraction of palm oil. In Figure 1, the process defined in the present application begins with the pressing (1) of a previously sterilized material that comprises the fresh fruit bunches of the oil palm, from which the red oil is obtained, which is then processed and clarified to obtain the palm oil, and the pressing cake, which goes through the subsequent separation steps, as described below.
La torta de prensado, que contiene las nueces y la fibra de los frutos tratados, pasa a través de un transportador de torta modificado con canoas perforadas (2) que permiten la salida de la fracción granulada con impurezas de la fracción de hilos fibrosos (aproximadamente menos del 15%) mientras el resto de la torta, conformado por las nueces, la fracción de hilos fibrosos y parte de la fracción granulada no recuperada, es llevada hacia la columna desfibradora (5) para su separación en donde, por un lado, las nueces continúan el respectivo procesamiento para la obtención del aceite de palmiste y la torta de palmiste, y por el otro, la fracción de los hilos fibrosos junto con la parte de la fracción granulada no recuperada pasan por un ciclón y llegan a la caldera (6) donde servirán como combustible para la planta. The pressing cake, which contains the nuts and the fiber of the treated fruits, passes through a modified cake conveyor with perforated canoes (2) that allow the exit of the granulated fraction with impurities from the fibrous yarn fraction (approximately less than 15%) while the rest of the cake, made up of walnuts, the fibrous yarn fraction and part of the non-recovered granulated fraction, is taken to the shredding column (5) for separation where, on the one hand, The nuts continue the respective processing to obtain palm kernel oil and palm kernel cake, and on the other hand, the fraction of the fibrous threads together with the part of the granulated fraction not recovered pass through a cyclone and arrive at the boiler ( 6) where they will serve as fuel for the plant.
Aunado a lo anterior, en la Figura 2 se aprecia en detalle el diseño del transportador modificado de la torta de prensado (2), el cual consta de un sinfín provisto de paletas de arrastre y placas laminares horadadas (2a) en la parte inferior del transportador. Las perforaciones de las placas laminares (detalle A) permiten el paso de la fracción granulada fuera del transportador durante el paso del resto de la torta de prensado hacia la columna desfibradora. In addition to the above, Figure 2 shows in detail the design of the modified press cake conveyor (2), which consists of an auger provided with drag paddles and perforated laminar plates (2a) in the lower part of the conveyor. The perforations in the laminar plates (detail A) allow the granulated fraction to pass out of the conveyor during the passage of the rest of the pressing cake towards the shredder column.
En algunas realizaciones de la presente invención, el transportador de torta modificado (2) presenta una placa laminar horadada (2a) ubicada en una sección de la parte inferior del mismo. En realizaciones específicas de la invención, la placa laminar horada (2a) se extiende a lo largo del transportador (2) abarcando toda la parte inferior del mismo. En otras realizaciones, el transportador (2) presenta más de una placa laminar horadada (2a) ubicadas en al menos una sección de la parte inferior del mismo. En algunas realizaciones de la presente invención, las perforaciones de las placas laminares (detalle A) ubicadas en la parte inferior del transportador de torta son del mismo tamaño, siendo estas de un tamaño entre 2 y 6 mm de diámetro. En otras realizaciones de la presente invención, las perforaciones del transportador de torta pueden ser tamaños variados entre 2 y 6 mm de diámetro. En realizaciones específicas de la invención, las perforaciones del transportador de diferentes tamaños se encuentran distribuidas homogéneamente a lo largo de la placa inferior del transportador. En otras realizaciones específicas, el tamaño de las perforaciones disminuye a lo largo del transportador, de tal forma que en el primer tramo del transportador las perforaciones son de 6 mm, y el tamaño de la perforación se reduce hasta un tamaño de perforación de 2 mm. In some embodiments of the present invention, the modified cake conveyor (2) has a perforated laminar plate (2a) located in a section of the bottom thereof. In specific embodiments of the invention, the perforated laminar plate (2a) extends along the conveyor (2) encompassing the entire lower part thereof. In other embodiments, the conveyor (2) has more than one perforated laminar plate (2a) located in at least one section of the lower part thereof. In some embodiments of the present invention, the perforations of the laminar plates (detail A) located in the lower part of the cake conveyor are of the same size, these being of a size between 2 and 6 mm in diameter. In other embodiments of the present invention, the perforations in the cake conveyor can be varied sizes between 2 and 6 mm in diameter. In specific embodiments of the invention, the different sized conveyor perforations are homogeneously distributed along the bottom plate of the conveyor. In other specific embodiments, the size of the perforations decreases along the conveyor, such that in the first run of the conveyor the perforations are 6 mm, and the size of the perforation is reduced to a perforation size of 2 mm .
Luego de que la torta de prensado recorre el transportador modificado (2), la fracción granulada pasa, con ayuda de un transportador sinfín de hélice, hacia un sistema de secado (3), encargado de reducir la cantidad de humedad de la fracción granulada hasta un porcentaje menor del 15%. After the pressing cake travels through the modified conveyor (2), the granulated fraction passes, with the help of an endless screw conveyor, towards a drying system (3), in charge of reducing the amount of moisture in the granulated fraction until a percentage less than 15%.
En algunas realizaciones, el sistema de secado (3) está conformado por un transportador neumático (3a), el cual está conectado a un radiador que sube la temperatura del aire para secar el material, un ciclón (3c), encargado de reducir la velocidad del flujo de aire que contiene dicha fracción, y una tolva que recoge el material tratado. En una realización preferente, el transportador neumático (3a) está acoplado además a una columna vertical (3b) que aumenta el área de contacto de las partículas con el aire caliente para lograr un secado más rápido y eficiente del material granulado. In some embodiments, the drying system (3) is made up of a pneumatic conveyor (3a), which is connected to a radiator that raises the air temperature to dry the material, a cyclone (3c), responsible for reducing the speed of the air flow that contains said fraction, and a hopper that collects the treated material. In a preferred embodiment, the pneumatic conveyor (3a) is further coupled to a vertical column (3b) that increases the contact area of the particles with the hot air to achieve faster and more efficient drying of the granulated material.
En una realización preferente, el sistema de secado (3) además comprende un segundo transportador neumático (3a') y un ciclón (3c’), con el fin de retirar una mayor cantidad de humedad que pueda quedar remanente en dicho material. En otra realización preferente, el segundo transportador neumático (3a') está acoplado además a una segunda columna vertical (3b’). En otra realización, la fracción granulada sometida al proceso de secado es recogida en una exclusa y luego es dosificada a un tambor separador, el cual comprende en la base láminas con perforaciones circulares o mallas rectangulares tipo angeo con poros de un área entre 16 a 36 mm2, y permite la separación de posibles impurezas (principalmente hilos fibrosos) que puedan quedar en el material granulado. La separación ocurre por diferencias de tamaño de partícula similar a como ocurre con tamices, en donde la fracción granulada pasa a través de las perforaciones de las láminas. De esta forma, la fracción granulada va saliendo por dichas perforaciones a medida que el resto de impurezas de hilos fibrosos pasan a lo largo del tambor. Los hilos fibrosos son conducidos por medio de un transportador sinfín hacia la fracción de hilos fibrosos separada de las nueces en la columna desfibradora (5), la cual se dirige hacia las calderas (6). In a preferred embodiment, the drying system (3) also comprises a second pneumatic conveyor (3a ') and a cyclone (3c'), in order to remove a greater amount of moisture that may remain in said material. In another preferred embodiment, the second pneumatic conveyor (3a ') is further coupled to a second vertical column (3b'). In another embodiment, the granulated fraction subjected to the drying process is collected in a sluice and is then dosed to a separating drum, which comprises sheets with circular perforations or rectangular angeo-type meshes with pores of an area between 16 to 36 at the base. mm 2 , and allows the separation of possible impurities (mainly fibrous threads) that may remain in the granulated material. The separation occurs due to differences in particle size similar to what occurs with sieves, where the granulated fraction passes through the perforations of the sheets. In this way, the granulated fraction goes out through said perforations as the rest of the impurities of fibrous yarns pass along the drum. The fibrous yarns are led by means of an endless conveyor towards the fraction of fibrous yarns separated from the nuts in the shredder column (5), which is directed to the boilers (6).
Finalmente, luego de que se obtiene un material granulado con una humedad inferior al 15%, éste llega a una tolva de almacenamiento (4), en donde se guardará el producto para su posterior empaquetamiento y distribución. Finally, after a granulated material with a humidity lower than 15% is obtained, it reaches a storage hopper (4), where the product will be stored for its subsequent packaging and distribution.
EJEMPLOS COMPARATIVOS COMPARATIVE EXAMPLES
Ejemplo 1 Example 1
De acuerdo con las realizaciones descritas a lo largo del presente documento, el solicitante desarrolla un proceso de obtención de fracción granulada que comprende, pero no se limita a, las siguientes etapas de acuerdo con la Figura 3: According to the embodiments described throughout this document, the applicant develops a process for obtaining a granulated fraction that comprises, but is not limited to, the following steps according to Figure 3:
1. Obtención de la torta de prensado a partir de racimos de fruta frescos, esterilizados, desfrutados y digeridos. 1. Obtaining the pressing cake from fresh, sterilized, defruit and digested fruit clusters.
2. Transporte de la torta de prensado por medio del transportador modificado (2) para la obtención de la fracción granulada húmeda. 2. Transport of the pressing cake by means of the modified conveyor (2) to obtain the wet granulated fraction.
3. Separación de nueces, hilos fibrosos y granulado no recuperado con una columna desfibradora (5). 4. Paso de la fracción granulada húmeda recuperada por un sistema de secado (3), que comprende: 3. Separation of nuts, fibrous yarns and unrecovered granules with a shredder column (5). 4. Passage of the wet granulated fraction recovered by a drying system (3), comprising:
a. el paso inicial por un transportador neumático (3a) conectado con un radiador y una columna vertical, seguido de un ciclón (3b), para que el producto semiseco llegue a una tolva; y b. el paso por un segundo transportador neumático (3a') conectado con un radiador y una columna vertical, seguido de un ciclón (3b’) y una tolva de almacenamiento (4), a donde llegará la fracción granulada seca. to. the initial passage through a pneumatic conveyor (3a) connected with a radiator and a vertical column, followed by a cyclone (3b), so that the semi-dry product reaches a hopper; and b. the passage through a second pneumatic conveyor (3a ') connected with a radiator and a vertical column, followed by a cyclone (3b') and a storage hopper (4), where the dry granulated fraction will arrive.
Ejemplo 2 Example 2
Con el fin de evaluar de manera más objetiva las ventajas que presenta el proceso descrito en el presente documento, se muestran a continuación algunos datos comparativos entre el proceso descrito por la solicitud N16051704 y el proceso del Ejemplo 1 , con los cuales se obtiene la fracción granulada de la fibra proveniente del proceso de extracción del aceite de palma, la cual es aprovechable como suplemento dietario para animales. In order to more objectively evaluate the advantages of the process described in this document, some comparative data are shown below between the process described by application N16051704 and the process of Example 1, with which the fraction granulated fiber from the palm oil extraction process, which is usable as a dietary supplement for animals.
En las tablas 1 y 2, respectivamente, se encuentra la información relacionada con los porcentajes de los componentes obtenidos en las etapas más importantes de los procesos de la solicitud N16051704 (Figura 4) y del Ejemplo 1 (Figura 3). In tables 1 and 2, respectively, the information related to the percentages of the components obtained in the most important stages of the processes of application N16051704 (Figure 4) and Example 1 (Figure 3) is found.
TABLA 1. Valores en porcentaje en peso de los subproductos obtenidos en las etapas esenciales del proceso definido en la solicitud N16051704. TABLE 1. Values in percentage by weight of the by-products obtained in the essential stages of the process defined in the application N16051704.
Figure imgf000012_0001
Figure imgf000013_0001
Figure imgf000012_0001
Figure imgf000013_0001
*Los valores se calculan con respecto a la cantidad de partida de racimo de fruta fresco * The values are calculated with respect to the starting quantity of fresh fruit bunch
TABLA 2. Valores en porcentaje en peso de los subproductos obtenidos en las etapas esenciales del proceso definido en la presente solicitud. TABLE 2. Values in percentage by weight of the by-products obtained in the essential stages of the process defined in this application.
Figure imgf000013_0002
Figure imgf000013_0002
*Los valores se calculan con respecto a la cantidad de partida de racimo de fruta fresco * The values are calculated with respect to the starting quantity of fresh fruit bunch
Partiendo de los valores arriba reportados, en la tabla 3 se encuentran los resultados comparativos de los porcentajes en peso totales con respecto al peso del racimo de fruta fresco para los subproductos finales obtenidos en los procesos comparados: Starting from the values reported above, Table 3 shows the comparative results of the percentages in total weight with respect to the weight of the fresh fruit bunch for the final by-products obtained in the compared processes:
TABLA 3. Valores de porcentajes en peso totales para los subproductos obtenidos en los procesos comparados TABLE 3. Total weight percentage values for the by-products obtained in the compared processes
Figure imgf000013_0003
Figure imgf000013_0003
*Los valores se calculan con respecto a la cantidad de partida de racimo de fruta fresco Tal como se observa en las tablas anteriores, la recuperación del subproducto de interés final denominado “Granulado recuperado seco” es mayor con el proceso de la presente invención respecto del de la solicitud N16051704. Además, existen varios puntos en el proceso definido por el presente documento en los cuales ocurren pérdidas de humedad, por lo que la pérdida total de agua con el proceso de la solicitud actual es mayor que en el proceso de la solicitud de referencia. * The values are calculated with respect to the starting quantity of fresh fruit bunch As seen in the previous tables, the recovery of the final by-product of interest called "Dry recovered granulate" is greater with the process of the present invention compared to that of the application N16051704. In addition, there are several points in the process defined by this document at which moisture losses occur, so the total water loss with the current application process is greater than in the reference application process.
Adicionalmente, y teniendo en cuenta que la fracción de granulado puede contener impurezas de hilos fibrosos, así como humedad remanente, se estudió las cantidades presentes de cada uno de estos componentes en el subproducto final obtenido con cada una de los métodos comparados, arrojando la información reportada en la Tabla 4 a continuación: Additionally, and taking into account that the granulate fraction may contain impurities of fibrous yarns, as well as remaining moisture, the amounts present of each of these components in the final by-product obtained with each of the compared methods were studied, yielding the information reported in Table 4 below:
TABLA 4. Valores de porcentajes en peso para los componentes del Granulado Recuperado Seco TABLE 4. Values of percentages by weight for the components of the Recovered Dry Granulate
Figure imgf000014_0001
Figure imgf000014_0001
**Los valores se calculan con respecto a la cantidad de granulado recuperado seco obtenido al final de cada proceso ** The values are calculated with respect to the amount of dry recovered granulate obtained at the end of each process
De estos resultados se aprecia que, no solamente se obtiene un mayor porcentaje de fracción de granulado con el proceso de la presente invención, sino que además este presenta un menor porcentaje de impurezas. From these results it can be seen that, not only is a higher percentage of granulate fraction obtained with the process of the present invention, but also that it has a lower percentage of impurities.
En este sentido, y en vista a que la cantidad de fracción granulada que sale del transportador modificado una cantidad de impurezas reducida, no se hace necesario realizar una purificación adicional de dicha fracción empleando un tambor separador o una columna desfibradora, por lo que se reducen costos al no requerir más etapas adicionales de separación. Si consideramos entonces que la pureza del granulado seco recuperado se obtiene con una única operación de separación (transportador modificado), mientras que en el proceso de la solicitud de referencia se llega a un producto con una pureza menor luego de tres operaciones de separación (primera columna de desfibrado, tambor separador, segunda columna desfibradora), podemos concluir que se está mejorando la eficiencia de obtención de dicho material, pues el número de equipos necesarios para llegar a una pureza aceptable es menor, y con esto además se reduce el consumo energético, en comparación con el proceso de la solicitud N16051704. In this sense, and in view of the fact that the amount of granulated fraction that leaves the modified conveyor has a reduced amount of impurities, it is not necessary to carry out an additional purification of said fraction using a separating drum or a shredding column, thus reducing costs by not requiring more additional stages of separation. If we consider then that the purity of the recovered dry granulate is obtained with a single separation operation (modified conveyor), while in the process of the reference application a product with a lower purity is reached after three separation operations (first shredding column, separating drum, second shredding column), we can conclude that the efficiency of obtaining said material is improving, since the number of equipment necessary to reach an acceptable purity is lower, and with this, energy consumption is also reduced , compared to the application process N16051704.
Por otro lado, el proceso de separación de la fracción granulada tal como se describe en el presente documento permite que la fracción granulada sea manipulada por separado de gran parte de la fracción de hilos fibrosos, lo que garantiza que el acceso de la caldera a dichos hilos fibrosos sea constante, incluso si llega a ocurrir algún tipo de eventualidad con la separación de la fase granulada. On the other hand, the process for separating the granulated fraction as described in the present document allows the granulated fraction to be handled separately from a large part of the fibrous yarn fraction, which guarantees that the boiler has access to said fibrous yarns is constant, even if some kind of eventuality occurs with the separation of the granulated phase.

Claims

REIVINDICACIONES
1. Un proceso de obtención de una fracción de fibra aprovechable como suplemento dietario a partir de la torta de prensado resultante del proceso de extracción de aceite de palma, que comprende las etapas de: 1. A process for obtaining a fiber fraction that can be used as a dietary supplement from the press cake resulting from the palm oil extraction process, comprising the steps of:
a. Separar mediante medios físicos la fracción de fibra aprovechable de la torta de prensado. to. Separate by physical means the fraction of usable fiber from the press cake.
b. Secar la fracción de fibra aprovechable b. Dry the usable fiber fraction
2. El proceso de la reivindicación 1 , en donde la fracción de fibra aprovechable como suplemento dietario es una fracción de fibra granulada. 2. The process of claim 1, wherein the fiber fraction usable as a dietary supplement is a granulated fiber fraction.
3. El proceso de las reivindicaciones 1 o 2, en donde la separación de la fracción de fibra aprovechable ocurre por medio de un transportador sinfín modificado (2). 3. The process of claims 1 or 2, wherein the separation of the usable fiber fraction occurs by means of a modified endless conveyor (2).
4. El proceso de la reivindicación 3, en donde la modificación del transportador sinfín (2) comprende la colocación de al menos una placa laminar horadada (2a) en al menos una sección de la parte inferior del transportador. The process of claim 3, wherein the modification of the endless conveyor (2) comprises placing at least one perforated laminar plate (2a) in at least one section of the lower part of the conveyor.
5. El proceso de la reivindicación 4, en donde una placa laminar horadada (2a) abarca todo el largo del transportador sinfín (2). The process of claim 4, wherein a perforated laminar plate (2a) spans the entire length of the endless conveyor (2).
6. El proceso de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3 a 5, en donde los orificios de las placas laminares comprenden tamaños entre 2 y 6 mm de diámetro. The process of any of claims 3 to 5, wherein the holes in the laminar plates comprise sizes between 2 and 6 mm in diameter.
7. El proceso de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 3 a 6, en donde el tamaño de los orificios de las placas laminares (2a) disminuye desde la entrada hacia la salida del transportador. The process of any one of claims 3 to 6, wherein the size of the holes in the laminar plates (2a) decreases from the entrance to the exit of the conveyor.
8. El proceso de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 7, en donde la etapa de secado de la fracción de fibra aprovechable ocurre por medio de un transporte neumático (3a) acoplado con un radiador y/o un ciclón (3c). 8. The process of any of claims 1 to 7, wherein the step of drying the usable fiber fraction occurs by means of a pneumatic transport (3a) coupled with a radiator and / or a cyclone (3c).
9. El proceso de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 a 8, en donde la etapa de secado comprende un segundo transporte neumático (3a') acoplado con un radiador y/o un ciclón (3c’). The process of any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the drying step comprises a second pneumatic conveyor (3a ') coupled with a radiator and / or a cyclone (3c').
10. El proceso de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 8 o 9, en donde el transporte neumático (3a, 3a') está acoplado además con una columna vertical (3b, 3b’). 10. The process of any one of claims 8 or 9, wherein the pneumatic conveyor (3a, 3a ') is further coupled with a vertical column (3b, 3b').
11. Un transportador sinfín modificado (2) que comprende al menos una placa laminar horadada (2a) ubicada en al menos una sección de la parte inferior del transportador. 11. A modified endless conveyor (2) comprising at least one perforated laminar plate (2a) located in at least one section of the lower part of the conveyor.
12. El transportador sinfín de la reivindicación 1 1 , en donde en donde una placa laminar horadada (2a) abarca todo el largo del transportador sinfín 12. The endless conveyor of claim 11, wherein a perforated laminar plate (2a) spans the entire length of the endless conveyor
13. El transportador sinfín de la reivindicación 1 1 o 12, en donde los orificios de las placas laminares (2a) comprenden tamaños entre 2 y 6 mm de diámetro. The endless conveyor of claim 1 1 or 12, wherein the holes in the laminar plates (2a) comprise sizes between 2 and 6 mm in diameter.
14. El transportador sinfín de cualquiera de las reivindicaciones 1 1 a 13, en donde el tamaño de los orificios de las placas laminares disminuye desde la entrada hacia la salida del transportador. 14. The endless conveyor of any of claims 1 1 to 13, wherein the size of the holes in the laminar plates decreases from the inlet to the outlet of the conveyor.
PCT/IB2019/052561 2019-03-28 2019-03-28 Process of separating a fraction of fibre usable as a dietary supplement from press cake generated in palm oil extraction WO2020194037A1 (en)

Priority Applications (5)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PCT/IB2019/052561 WO2020194037A1 (en) 2019-03-28 2019-03-28 Process of separating a fraction of fibre usable as a dietary supplement from press cake generated in palm oil extraction
BR112021019245A BR112021019245A2 (en) 2019-03-28 2019-03-28 Processes for obtaining granulated material, modified endless conveyor and use of the granulated material
MX2021004263A MX2021004263A (en) 2019-03-28 2019-03-28 Process of separating a fraction of fibre usable as a dietary supplement from press cake generated in palm oil extraction.
CONC2021/0012646A CO2021012646A2 (en) 2019-03-28 2021-09-27 Process for obtaining a fraction of fiber that can be used as a dietary supplement from the press cake generated in the extraction of palm oil.
ECSENADI202171588A ECSP21071588A (en) 2019-03-28 2021-09-27 PROCESS OF OBTAINING A USABLE FIBER FRACTION AS A DIETARY SUPPLEMENT FROM PRESS CAKE GENERATED IN THE EXTRACTION OF PALM OIL

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PCT/IB2019/052561 WO2020194037A1 (en) 2019-03-28 2019-03-28 Process of separating a fraction of fibre usable as a dietary supplement from press cake generated in palm oil extraction

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CO (1) CO2021012646A2 (en)
EC (1) ECSP21071588A (en)
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WO (1) WO2020194037A1 (en)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102745473A (en) * 2012-07-09 2012-10-24 河北天旭天然色素有限公司 Chilli seed and skin conveying and separating screw
CN106044081A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-10-26 安徽省味之源生物科技有限公司 Spiral feeding device for soybeans
MX2017002530A (en) * 2016-02-29 2018-08-15 Phina Biosoluciones S A S Process for the use of a fraction of the pressed generated in the extraction of palm oil.

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102745473A (en) * 2012-07-09 2012-10-24 河北天旭天然色素有限公司 Chilli seed and skin conveying and separating screw
MX2017002530A (en) * 2016-02-29 2018-08-15 Phina Biosoluciones S A S Process for the use of a fraction of the pressed generated in the extraction of palm oil.
CN106044081A (en) * 2016-07-15 2016-10-26 安徽省味之源生物科技有限公司 Spiral feeding device for soybeans

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MX2021004263A (en) 2021-05-13
BR112021019245A2 (en) 2021-11-30
CO2021012646A2 (en) 2021-12-10

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