WO2020186317A1 - Material reciclado por termoformagem, processo de reciclagem de resíduos e uso - Google Patents
Material reciclado por termoformagem, processo de reciclagem de resíduos e uso Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020186317A1 WO2020186317A1 PCT/BR2019/050085 BR2019050085W WO2020186317A1 WO 2020186317 A1 WO2020186317 A1 WO 2020186317A1 BR 2019050085 W BR2019050085 W BR 2019050085W WO 2020186317 A1 WO2020186317 A1 WO 2020186317A1
- Authority
- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- thermoforming
- recycling process
- waste recycling
- recycled
- glasses
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B17/00—Recovery of plastics or other constituents of waste material containing plastics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
- C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
- C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
- C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L23/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L23/02—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of unsaturated aliphatic hydrocarbons having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers not modified by chemical after-treatment
- C08L23/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of ethene
- C08L23/08—Copolymers of ethene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L31/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an acyloxy radical of a saturated carboxylic acid, of carbonic acid or of a haloformic acid; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
- C08L31/02—Homopolymers or copolymers of esters of monocarboxylic acids
- C08L31/04—Homopolymers or copolymers of vinyl acetate
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a material recycled by thermoforming, waste recycling process and the use of recycled material in the manufacture of various objects, for example, glasses, taking advantage of its high impact and water resistance qualities. Its design is differentiated, in addition to being an initiative for environmental preservation.
- Aluminum cans for example, take 200 years to decompose, while plastics in general take about 450 years.
- the present invention aims to provide a material recycled by thermoforming, a waste recycling process and the use of material obtained by said process.
- the residues used are mainly from PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PETE (polyethylene terephthalate), HDPE (high density polyethylene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), LDPE (low density polyethylene), PP (polypropylene) or PS (polystyrene), optionally coated with aluminum film (Al).
- the material recycled by the method of the present invention has excellent resistance to chemical abrasion, being possible to be cut, drilled, sanded, screwed and glued, and with that, it is possible to be used for the manufacture of various objects such as jewelry, watches, ornaments lamps, decoration pieces and even furniture.
- This report also demonstrates how to transform the recycled material into glasses, taking advantage of its best features, such as high resistance to shock and water.
- the present invention aims to present a material recycled by thermoforming, a waste recycling process and the use of material obtained by said process.
- the present process begins with the collection of waste between PET (polyethylene terephthalate), PETE (polyethylene terephthalate), HDPE (high density polyethylene), PVC (polyvinyl chloride), LDPE (low density polyethylene), PP ( polypropylene) or PS (polystyrene), optionally coated with aluminum film, obtained, for example, from discarded packaging, such as toothpaste packaging originating from industrial waste, leftover coils, defective products or in partnership with collection cooperatives of trash.
- PET polyethylene terephthalate
- PETE polyethylene terephthalate
- HDPE high density polyethylene
- PVC polyvinyl chloride
- LDPE low density polyethylene
- PP polypropylene
- PS polystyrene
- the material is collected for recycling, it is separated according to color and thickness, in order to generate more uniform recycled material.
- the material undergoes a grinding process, transforming it into flakes of 0.1 to 6mm by 0.1 to 6mm, preferably 5 by 5mm.
- Said flakes are homogenized with 2 to 5% of polymeric coupling additive, preferably 3%, through continuous mixing.
- Polymeric coupling additive is understood to be a special type of additive used in polymeric compositions. This additive tends to produce a high degree of interaction between the polymer and the charges contained in a compound, especially inorganic ones.
- Coupling agents can be chemical additives or polymers, chemically modified by reactive materials. When added to polymeric compounds, they produce great adhesive force between the particles of the charge and the polymeric molecules, functioning as an interface element.
- This additive is preferably an ethyl vinyl acetate resin modified with 2.5 dioxyhydrofuran, such as IQX UNIBE94, available from IQX-Inove Qualyx.
- the material is pressed in a press at 110 to 230oC, preferably 200oC, for 10 to 40 minutes, preferably for 15 minutes to reach the desired thickness of the plate from 5 to 12mm, preferably 8mm.
- the sheet material After reaching the desired thickness, the sheet material is cooled to room temperature. To avoid ripples on the surface, tension is applied to the plate as the material cools.
- the sheet is then cut into strips so that afterwards, these strips go through a process of grinding and uniformity of thickness, for 4 to 10mm, preferably 7mm. All the waste generated in this stage is reused and recycled again.
- a layer of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) film is added to each side of the rectified sheet strips, through a press heated to 130 to 160oC, preferably 130oC, and for 400 to 800 seconds, preferably for 600 seconds.
- PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
- the material can be directly used in the molding of objects using the temperature of 110 to 230oC for 10 to 40 minutes.
- the material After molding, in the same way as in the formation of the plates, the material must be kept tensioned during its cooling until reaching room temperature, avoiding deformations.
- a polymeric film is added to the material by heating in a press heated to 130 to 160oC and for 400 to 800 seconds.
- this coating it is possible to personalize the objects with the desired design.
- the film brings the material more resistance to shock, preventing further breakage.
- the recycled material can be used in various objects, for example, glasses, cufflinks, props, rings, bags, bracelets, earrings, buckles, necklaces, ties, fans, beads, high heels, trays, hangers, candlesticks, baskets, sugar bowls , colander, plates, dough rolls, cutting boards, covers, notebooks, clipboards, pencil holder, clip holder, sculptures, boxes, buttons, buckles and rings.
- the object is glasses.
- EXAMPLE 1 Manufacture of glasses by machining sheet material
- This continuation of the process begins with the design of the internal and external mold of the front of the glasses on the recycled material plate. Initially, a margin of 1 to 2mm, preferably 1.2mm, is left over in the drawing for future machining.
- the internal cut is performed, where the lenses will be positioned in the future. Then, channel cuts are made, internal to the cuts for the lenses so that they can be fitted in the future.
- the external cut is made, according to the mold previously designed so that it can be standardized later, removing the remainder through machining.
- the thickness of the glasses for better user comfort, through machining, 6 to 9 mm (preferably 7 mm) are maintained in the nose positioning region, while in the hinge region are maintained 2 to 5 mm, preferably 4 mm, to facilitate their fitting.
- 3 to 6 mm, preferably 5.5 mm, of thickness are maintained and preferably a curved machining is performed so that the glasses are more anatomical.
- a curvature is formed between the lenses, by heating the glasses at 90 to 120oC, preferably 110oC, for 150 to 250 seconds, preferably 200 seconds, and positioning in a press with mold, followed by of thermal shock by submerging the glasses in ice water.
- the hinges are positioned. This positioning is accomplished by heating the metal hinges and inserting them at the ends of the glasses.
- the material of the glasses when in contact with the heated hinges, becomes more malleable, allowing their insertion.
- the said hinges are shaped like a “mushroom”, after their insertion, the still heated material of the glasses covers the narrower portion of the “mushrooms”, and after the glasses material has cooled, the hinges are retained in the glasses, without the possibility of let go.
- the cutting and machining of the rods to a thickness of 2 to 5 mm, preferably 3.6 mm, begins.
- metal souls are inserted in the rods.
- the souls elongate internally along the length of the rods, maintaining a protuberance at one of their ends, to be fitted in the future with the hinges on the front of the glasses.
- a process of heating the material of the rods is carried out at 190 to 210oC, preferably 200oC, and for 180 to 220 seconds, preferably 200 seconds so that they become more malleable, thus allowing the insertion.
- the front part and the rods go through a drumming process, to finally fit together and form the glasses.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
- Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
Abstract
Description
- Coleta de resíduos de plástico, opcionalmente revestido com filme de alumínio;
- Separação de material de acordo com cor e espessura;
- Pelo menos uma etapa de moagem do material selecionado em flocos de 0,1 a 6mm por 0,1 a 6mm;
- Homogeneização dos ditos flocos com 2 a 5% de aditivo de acoplamento polimérico, preferencialmente uma resina de etil vinil acetato modificada com 2,5 dioxihidrofurano;
- Termoformagem do material obtido.
- Prensagem da mistura da etapa (d) em prensa a 110 a 230ºC por 10 a 40 minutos até atingir espessura de chapa de 5 a 12mm;
- Resfriamento da referida chapa com tensionamento do material até temperatura ambiente;
- Corte da chapa em tiras;
- Retificação da espessura da chapa para 3 a 15mm;
- Opcionalmente adição de filme de politetrafluoretileno (PTFE) às tiras em chapas por aquecimento em prensa aquecida a 130 a 160ºC e 400 a 800 segundos.
- Prensagem da mistura da etapa (d) em molde tridimensional de formato do objeto desejado a 110 a 230ºC por 10 a 40 minutos até atingir o formato do molde;
- Resfriamento do referido objeto da etapa (e) com tensionamento do material até temperatura ambiente.
- Desenho do molde interno e do externo de parte frontal dos óculos com sobra de 1 a 2mm na chapa reciclada;
- Corte interno de orifício para lentes de acordo com desenho da etapa (j);
- Corte de canais nas bordas internas dos orifícios para lente;
- Corte externo da chapa conforme desenho da etapa (j);
- Uniformização do corte por usinagem da dita sobra;
- Usinagem de espessura, mantendo 6 a 9mm em regiões do nariz e dobradiças, e 2 a 5mm em outras regiões;
- Usinagem de espessura de ponte entre lentes para 3 a 6mm;
- Conformação de curvatura entre lentes através de aquecimento em 90 a 120ºC por 150 a 250 segundos e posicionamento em prensa com molde, seguida de choque térmico submergindo a parte frontal dos óculos em água gelada;
- Posicionamento de dobradiças através de aquecimento de charneiras metálicas e inserção em local desejado;
- Corte e usinagem de hastes para espessura de 2 a 5mm;
- Inserção de almas de metal em hastes, mantendo protuberância de encaixe em charneiras, através do aquecimento das ditas hastes a 190 a 210ºC e por 180 a 220 segundos e em seguida realização da inserção;
- Usinagem das hastes para seu formato final;
- Tamboreamento de parte central e das duas hastes para finalização de superfícies;
- Encaixe de hastes em parte frontal dos óculos.
Claims (7)
- Material reciclado por termoformagem caracterizado por ser constituído de (i) camada de plástico, opcionalmente revestido com alumínio, reciclado com um aditivo de acoplamento polimérico, preferencialmente uma resina de etil vinil acetato modificada com 2,5 dioxihidrofurano, e (ii) opcionalmente camada de filme polimérico.
- Processo de reciclagem de resíduos, caracterizado por compreender as seguintes etapas de reciclagem:
A - Coleta de resíduos de plástico, opcionalmente revestido com filme de alumínio;
B - Separação de material de acordo com cor e espessura;
C - Pelo menos uma etapa de moagem do material selecionado em flocos de 0,1 a 6mm por 0,1 a 6mm;
D - Homogeneização dos ditos flocos com 2 a 5% de aditivo de acoplamento polimérico, preferencialmente uma resina de etil vinil acetato modificada com 2,5 dioxihidrofurano;
E - Termoformagem do material obtido. - Processo de reciclagem de resíduos, de acordo com a reivindicação 2, caracterizado pelo fato de que o plástico utilizado pode ser PET (politereftalato de etila), PETE (tereftalato de polietileno), PEAD (polietileno de alta densidade), PVC (policloreto de vinila), PEBD (polietileno de baixa densidade), PP (polipropileno) ou PS (poliestireno).
- Processo de reciclagem de resíduos, de acordo com a reivindicação 2, caracterizado pelo fato da termoformagem compreender as seguintes etapas:
- Prensagem da mistura da etapa (d) em prensa a 110 a 230ºC por 10 a 40 minutos até atingir espessura de chapa de 5 a 12 mm;
- Resfriamento da referida chapa com tensionamento do material até temperatura ambiente;
- Corte da chapa em tiras;
- Retificação da espessura da chapa para 3 a 15 mm;
- Opcionalmente adição de filme de politetrafluoretileno (PTFE) às tiras em chapas por aquecimento em prensa aquecida a 130 a 160ºC e por 400 a 800 segundos. - Processo de reciclagem de resíduos, de acordo com a reivindicação 2, caracterizado pelo fato da termoformagem compreender as seguintes etapas:
- Prensagem da mistura da etapa (d) em molde tridimensional de formato do objeto desejado a 110 a 230ºC por 10 a 40 minutos até atingir o formato do molde;
- Resfriamento do referido objeto da etapa (e) com tensionamento do material até temperatura ambiente. - Processo de reciclagem de resíduos, de acordo com uma qualquer das reivindicações 4 ou 5, caracterizado por compreender adicionalmente a seguinte etapa:
- Adição de filme polimérico ao material por aquecimento em prensa aquecida a 130 a 160ºC e 400 a 800 segundos. - Uso do material obtido de acordo com uma qualquer das reivindicações 2 a 6 caracterizado por ser para fabricação de objetos como óculos, abotoaduras, adereços, anéis, bolsas, braceletes, brincos, fivelas, colares, gravatas, leques, miçangas, saltos-alto, bandejas, cabides, castiçais, cestarias, açucareiros, escorredores, pratos, rolos para massa, tábuas de cortar, capas, cadernos, pranchetas, porta lápis, porta clips, esculturas, caixas, botões, fivelas e argolas.
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BR2019/050085 WO2020186317A1 (pt) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Material reciclado por termoformagem, processo de reciclagem de resíduos e uso |
BR112021018322A BR112021018322A2 (pt) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Processo de reciclagem de resíduos, material reciclado por termoformagem e seu uso. |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BR2019/050085 WO2020186317A1 (pt) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Material reciclado por termoformagem, processo de reciclagem de resíduos e uso |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
WO2020186317A1 true WO2020186317A1 (pt) | 2020-09-24 |
Family
ID=72518921
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
PCT/BR2019/050085 WO2020186317A1 (pt) | 2019-03-15 | 2019-03-15 | Material reciclado por termoformagem, processo de reciclagem de resíduos e uso |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BR (1) | BR112021018322A2 (pt) |
WO (1) | WO2020186317A1 (pt) |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5418055A (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1995-05-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrohalocarbon resistant refrigerator liners |
US5510419A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-04-23 | National Rubber Technology Inc. | Polymer-modified rubber composition |
BR9604263A (pt) * | 1996-09-18 | 1998-06-16 | Waldemar Alonso | Processo para obtenção de composto termoplástico a partir de descarte de borracha vulcanizada |
US6087001A (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 2000-07-11 | Elf Atovhem S.A. | Coextrusion binder, its use in a multilayer structure and the structure thus obtained |
-
2019
- 2019-03-15 WO PCT/BR2019/050085 patent/WO2020186317A1/pt active Application Filing
- 2019-03-15 BR BR112021018322A patent/BR112021018322A2/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US5418055A (en) * | 1991-01-30 | 1995-05-23 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Hydrohalocarbon resistant refrigerator liners |
US5510419A (en) * | 1994-09-16 | 1996-04-23 | National Rubber Technology Inc. | Polymer-modified rubber composition |
US6087001A (en) * | 1996-06-27 | 2000-07-11 | Elf Atovhem S.A. | Coextrusion binder, its use in a multilayer structure and the structure thus obtained |
BR9604263A (pt) * | 1996-09-18 | 1998-06-16 | Waldemar Alonso | Processo para obtenção de composto termoplástico a partir de descarte de borracha vulcanizada |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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BR112021018322A2 (pt) | 2021-11-23 |
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