WO2020175639A1 - 粉体燃料燃焼装置及び燃焼方法 - Google Patents
粉体燃料燃焼装置及び燃焼方法 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020175639A1 WO2020175639A1 PCT/JP2020/008123 JP2020008123W WO2020175639A1 WO 2020175639 A1 WO2020175639 A1 WO 2020175639A1 JP 2020008123 W JP2020008123 W JP 2020008123W WO 2020175639 A1 WO2020175639 A1 WO 2020175639A1
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- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- fuel
- air
- combustion
- air supply
- combustion chamber
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 367
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 344
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 159
- 238000009841 combustion method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 129
- 238000004380 ashing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 31
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 abstract description 28
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 50
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 14
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004449 solid propellant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000002918 Fraxinus excelsior Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001659863 Panna Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005352 clarification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008929 regeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011069 regeneration method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23N—REGULATING OR CONTROLLING COMBUSTION
- F23N5/00—Systems for controlling combustion
- F23N5/20—Systems for controlling combustion with a time programme acting through electrical means, e.g. using time-delay relays
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
- F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
- F23C6/042—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with fuel supply in stages
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C7/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for air supply
- F23C7/02—Disposition of air supply not passing through burner
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/06—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for completing combustion
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23K—FEEDING FUEL TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS
- F23K3/00—Feeding or distributing of lump or pulverulent fuel to combustion apparatus
- F23K3/02—Pneumatic feeding arrangements, i.e. by air blast
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C9/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber
- F23C9/003—Combustion apparatus characterised by arrangements for returning combustion products or flue gases to the combustion chamber for pulverulent fuel
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C99/00—Subject-matter not provided for in other groups of this subclass
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23D—BURNERS
- F23D2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for burners using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in a carrier gas
- F23D2900/31019—Mixing tubes and burner heads
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
- F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
- F23L9/06—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel by discharging the air into the fire bed
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a combustion device for burning powder fuel, and a combustion method in the combustion device.
- Patent Document 1 Conventionally, there is known a boiler that burns pulverized coal as fuel and recovers combustion heat to supply superheated steam to a power generation plant or the like (see Patent Document 1).
- the boiler described in Patent Document 1 is a hollow furnace that is installed along the vertical direction, and is vertically arranged to inject a pulverized coal mixture that is a mixture of solid fuel and combustion air into the furnace. It has three combustion planners.
- a furnace bottom air nozzle that injects combustion air into the furnace vertically below the combustion planner, and a combustion air injection direction by the furnace bottom air nozzle can be adjusted horizontally. And a horizontal adjusting device.
- combustion of fuel in the furnace is promoted and generation of unburned components is suppressed.
- the boiler described in Patent Document 1 mainly uses pulverized coal obtained by pulverizing coal as a fuel as a pulverized fuel (solid fuel). Body fuel).
- the inventors of the present application have mainly used synthetic resin and the like recovered for reuse by using the carbonized fuel manufacturing apparatus and the carbonized fuel manufacturing method disclosed in Patent Document 2 as raw materials. We are engaged in producing high quality carbonized fuel.
- Patent Document 1 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2 0 1 7-1 4 5 9 7 6
- Patent Document 2 International Publication Gazette No. 2 0 0 8/0 7 4 1 8 9
- Patent Document 1 The boiler in Patent Document 1 is a vertically long furnace, in which three combustion burners are installed in the vertical direction so that pulverized coal is burned in the furnace. Deposit on the bottom of the.
- combustion air is introduced from the furnace bottom air nozzle into the pulverized coal deposited at the bottom of the furnace to incinerate unburned materials in the furnace bottom.
- a hopper for storing ash and unburned components is provided at the bottom of the furnace.
- the ash and unburned components stored in this hopper are analyzed by an unburned component amount measuring device and an unburned component analyzer installed at the bottom of the hopper, and air from the furnace bottom air nozzle is analyzed.
- the injection direction is adjusted to control the amount of unburned fuel to decrease.
- the unburned amount measuring device, the unburned amount analyzer, or the configuration in which the injection direction of the air nozzle is variable is technically or costly in the case of a large plant. Correspondence is possible. However, in a small device, the structure of the device becomes complicated and the installation cost increases. In addition, these measuring devices and variable mechanisms for nozzles require daily maintenance, which results in an increase in running costs.
- the present invention is capable of performing combustion without providing an unburned amount measuring device or an unburned amount analyzing device and without changing the injection direction of air into the combustion chamber.
- Combustion device capable of efficiently ashing burned material in a room, and ⁇ 2020/175639 3 ⁇ (:171? 2020 /008123
- the purpose is to provide a combustion method.
- a powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention is a combustion apparatus for burning powder fuel, and a primary combustion chamber for internally burning the powder fuel,
- the secondary combustion chamber that burns the combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber is provided, and the primary combustion chamber includes a fuel supply device that supplies the powdered fuel to the inside and a primary air that supplies air to the inside.
- a supply port and an ignition burner for igniting the powdered fuel inside are provided, and the bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber has a sloped portion that slopes downward and narrows, and a bottom portion that supplies air to the inside.
- An air supply port an ash outlet provided at a position below the inclined portion, and a tubular shape that is vertically oriented and has openings at upper and lower ends, and the lower end is disposed toward the ash outlet and is inside.
- a bottom air injection nozzle to which air is supplied is provided.
- the secondary combustion chamber has a secondary parner that heats the interior and ignites the combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber described above, and an internal combustion nozzle for combustion.
- a secondary air supply port for supplying the air of the above is provided, a primary air supply device for supplying air to the primary air supply port and the above-mentioned bottom air supply port, and an injection for supplying air to the bottom air injection nozzle
- the control device causes the fuel supply device to deposit a predetermined amount of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber, ignites the deposited powder fuel by the ignition burner, and When the secondary burner is operated to heat the secondary combustion chamber to perform gasification and combustion of the deposited powder fuel, the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device are operated to operate the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device. An air amount less than the air amount required for complete combustion of the accumulated powder fuel is supplied from the primary air supply port, the bottom air supply port, and the bottom air injection nozzle to supply the primary combustion chamber. When a combustible gas is generated by the direct combustion of the deposited powder fuel, the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device are operated to operate the primary fuel. ⁇ 2020/175639 ⁇ (:171?2020/008123
- the amount of air required for the direct combustion of the powdered fuel is supplied from the primary air supply port, the bottom air supply port, and the bottom air injection nozzle into the firing chamber, and the fuel supply device is operated to operate the fuel.
- the fuel supply device is operated as a planer to perform gasification combustion of the deposited powder fuel, and the deposited powder.
- the secondary air supply device is activated, and the secondary combustion air is supplied from the secondary air supply port in an amount necessary for complete combustion of the combustible gas. It is characterized by burning combustible gas.
- the primary air supply port fixed to the primary combustion chamber, the bottom air supply port, and the bottom air are provided when the deposited powder fuel is gasified and combusted. Air is supplied from the injection nozzle to generate combustible gas in the primary combustion chamber, and air is injected not only from the primary air supply port and the bottom air supply port, but also from the bottom air injection nozzle. According to the present invention, since the powder fuel can be completely burned with such a configuration, it is not necessary to analyze the unburned component and change the angle of the primary air supply nozzle.
- the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present invention when performing the igniting combustion and ashing of the powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber, while stopping the fuel supply by the fuel supply apparatus, The supply of air from the bottom air injection nozzle may be stopped.
- the air supply from the bottom air injection nozzle should be stopped.
- the control device performs direct combustion of the deposited powder fuel when performing gasification combustion of the deposited powder fuel.
- the injection air supply device may be controlled to inject the air into the bottom air injection nozzle regularly or irregularly with an injection amount capable of stirring the powder fuel.
- the powder fuel is agitated by the regular or indefinite period of air injected from the bottom air injection nozzle, so that the powder fuel is prevented from sticking to the wall surface of the furnace bottom.
- the powder fuel can be burned efficiently.
- the fuel supply apparatus includes a fuel hopper into which the powder fuel is charged, and a fuel hopper that is disposed in the fuel hopper in a vertical direction and is at least downward.
- a hopper injection nozzle that injects air
- a hopper air supply device that supplies air to the hopper injection nozzle
- a fuel delivery that is provided below the hopper injection nozzle and that delivers the powdered fuel downward.
- An apparatus, a mixing tube in which the powder fuel and air are mixed, and a fuel blower that supplies air to the mixing tube, and the controller includes the powder combustion chamber in the primary combustion chamber.
- the fuel blower When the fuel is supplied, the fuel blower is operated and the fuel delivery device is operated to mix the powder fuel and the air supplied from the fuel blower inside the mixing pipe.
- the powder fuel may be supplied from the mixing pipe to the primary combustion chamber, and the hopper air supply device may be operated at a predetermined timing to inject air from the hopper injection nozzle.
- the powder in the fuel hopper can be smoothly delivered to the fuel delivery device by the air supply device for the hopper, and the powder can be stably fed from the mixing pipe into the primary combustion chamber. Fuel can be supplied.
- the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention is a combustion method in which powder fuel is burned by a powder fuel combustion device, and includes a fuel injection step, an ignition step, a gasification combustion step, a direct combustion step, and It consists of bonfire and ashing process, and the powder fuel combustion device ⁇ 2020/175639 6 ⁇ (:171? 2020 /008123
- the primary combustion chamber that burns the powdered fuel inside, and a secondary combustion chamber that burns the gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber.
- the primary combustion chamber stores the powdered fuel.
- a fuel supply device that supplies air to the interior, a primary air supply port that supplies air to the interior, and an ignition planer that ignites the powder fuel inside are provided.
- the bottom of the primary combustion chamber faces downward.
- the sloping part that inclines so that it narrows, the bottom air supply port that supplies air to the inside, the ash outlet that is provided below the sloping part, and the cylindrical upper and lower ends that are arranged vertically.
- a bottom air injection nozzle which has an opening and whose lower end is arranged toward the ash outlet and is supplied with air inside, is provided.In the secondary combustion chamber, the inside is heated and discharged from the primary combustion chamber.
- a secondary parner that ignites the generated combustion gas and a secondary air supply port that supplies combustion air inside are provided, and a primary air supply port that supplies air to the primary air supply port and the bottom air supply port.
- An air supply device, an injection air supply device for supplying air to the bottom air injection nozzle, a secondary air supply device for supplying air to the secondary air supply port, the fuel supply device, the ignition planer, and The secondary air conditioner, the primary air supply device, the injection air supply device, and the secondary air supply device for controlling the operation of the secondary air supply device are provided.
- the control device causes the fuel supply device to deposit a predetermined amount of the powdered fuel in the primary combustion chamber, and in the ignition process, the secondary combustion is performed by the secondary burner. After heating the inside of the chamber to reach a predetermined temperature in the secondary combustion chamber, the deposited fuel powder is ignited by the ignition burner, and the deposited powder fuel is burned in the gasification combustion process.
- a combustible gas is generated in the primary combustion chamber by supplying an amount of air smaller than that required for complete combustion of fuel from the primary air supply port, the bottom air supply port, and the bottom air injection nozzle.
- the combustible gas is introduced into the secondary combustion chamber, secondary combustion air is supplied from the secondary air supply port to completely combust the combustible gas, and in the direct combustion process,
- the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device By operating the primary air supply device and the injection air supply device, the primary air supply port, the bottom air supply port, and the primary air supply device are provided with an air amount necessary for direct combustion of the powdered fuel in the primary combustion chamber. From the bottom air injection nozzle ⁇ 2020/175639 7 ⁇ (:171? 2020/008123
- the fuel supply device In addition to supplying the fuel gas, the fuel supply device is operated to supply the powdered fuel into the primary combustion chamber for combustion, and the fuel supply device is operated as a planer to generate combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber. Introduced into the secondary combustion chamber, the secondary combustion air is supplied from the secondary air supply port to completely burn the combustion gas, and in the sinter/ash process, the fuel supplied by the fuel supply device is used. The supply is stopped, and the powder fuel remaining in the primary combustion chamber is ignited and burned to ash.
- the powder fuel combustion method of the present invention comprises a fuel injection process, an ignition process, a gasification combustion process, a direct combustion process, and a sinter/ash process.
- air is supplied from the primary air supply port, the bottom air supply port, and the bottom air injection nozzle to generate combustible gas in the primary combustion chamber. Air is jetted not only from the air supply port but also from the bottom air jet nozzle. Therefore, since the air is injected to the powder fuel accumulated inside the bottom portion that slopes downward, the powder fuel must be burned more reliably than in the conventional incineration method. You can
- the supply of air from the bottom air injection nozzle may be stopped in the bonfire/ashing process.
- this treatment it is possible to prevent the generation of white smoke when burning ash and ash of the powder fuel.
- the powder fuel is regularly or irregularly applied to the bottom air injection nozzle in the gasification combustion process and the direct combustion process by the control device.
- the jet air supply device may be controlled so as to jet the air at a jetting amount capable of stirring.
- the powdered fuel deposited on the bottom of the primary combustion chamber can be agitated, so that the powdered fuel can be burned more reliably as compared with the conventional incineration method.
- the fuel supply device includes a fuel hopper into which the powder fuel is charged, and a fuel hopper that is arranged in the fuel hopper in a vertical direction and is at least downward.
- a fuel delivery device provided below the injection nozzle for delivering the powder fuel downward; a mixing pipe for mixing the powder fuel and air; and a fuel blower for supplying air to the mixing pipe.
- the control device operates the fuel blower and the fuel delivery device, and the powder fuel and the fuel inside the mixing pipe.
- the air supplied from the blower for air is mixed, the powder fuel is supplied from the mixing pipe to the primary combustion chamber, and the air supply device for the hopper is operated at a predetermined timing to inject the air for the hopper. Air may be jetted from the nozzle.
- the powder fuel in the fuel hopper can be smoothly delivered to the fuel delivery device by the air supply device for the hopper in the fuel injection process and the direct combustion process, and the fuel is stably delivered.
- Powder fuel can be supplied from the mixing tube into the primary combustion chamber.
- a combustion device and a combustion method capable of satisfactorily burning even a powdered fuel such as a carbonized fuel using recovered synthetic resin or waste plastic as a raw material. Can be provided.
- FIG. 1 An explanatory view showing a power generation system including a powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 An explanatory view showing a fuel supply device in the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 Explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the bottom of the primary combustion chamber of the powder fuel combustion apparatus of the present embodiment
- FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a power generation system including the powder fuel combustion device of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing a fuel supply device in the powder fuel combustion device of the present embodiment.
- FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing the configuration of the bottom portion of the primary combustion chamber of the powder fuel combustion apparatus of this embodiment.
- the powder fuel is the carbonized fuel production described in Patent Document 2. ⁇ 02020/175639 9 boxes (: 17 2020/008123
- the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 of the present embodiment is a combustion apparatus used in a power generation system 2 using powder fuel, as shown in FIG.
- the power generation system 2 includes, in addition to the powder fuel combustion device 1, a boiler 3, a dust collector 4, a power generator 5, a chimney 6 and a control device 7 for controlling these.
- the powder fuel combustion device 1 includes a fuel supply device 10, a primary combustion chamber 20, a secondary combustion chamber 50, an air supply ashing device 3 2 , Equipped with a cyclone dust collector 60.
- the outlet of the cyclone dust collector 60 is connected to the boiler 3.
- the primary combustion chamber 20 has a cylindrical shape as a whole in the present embodiment, and a ceiling portion 21 located above the primary combustion chamber 20 and a body portion 22 located below the ceiling portion 2 1 It is composed of a bottom portion 23 located below the body portion 22.
- the ceiling 21 is provided with a primary exhaust port 24 for discharging the combustible gas or combustion gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 20. Further, the primary exhaust port 24 is provided with a first temperature sensor 25 for detecting the temperature of the combustion gas generated in the primary combustion chamber 20.
- the primary exhaust port 24 may be formed on the top plate of the ceiling portion 21 as shown in FIG. 1 or may be formed on the side surface.
- a fuel supply device 10 is connected to the body 22.
- This fuel supply device 10 includes a fuel hopper 11 into which powder fuel is charged, a mixing tube 12 that mixes powder fuel and combustion air, and powder injected into the fuel hopper 11.
- a fuel delivery device 13 that supplies body fuel to the mixing pipe 12 at an arbitrary supply amount, a fuel blower 14 that supplies combustion air to the mixing pipe 12 and a par at the tip of the mixing pipe 12 It is equipped with Nalo 15 and 15.
- the fuel hopper 11 is provided at its center with a cylindrical hopper ejection nozzle 16 extending in the vertical direction.
- the hopper injection nozzle 16 is a cylindrical member, has upper and lower ends opened, and has a plurality of injection ports 16 3 for injecting air on its side surface.
- the lower end of the hopper injection nozzle 16 is the fuel hopper.
- the hopper air supply device 18 including an air compressor 70, a fuel solenoid valve 17 and a fuel air supply pipe 16 is connected to the injection nozzle 16 for the hopper.
- Fuel delivery device 1 3 of the fuel supply system 1 performs the delivery of the pulverized fuel cylindrical case 1 3 3 inside the mouth over Tally valve 1 3 spoon is rotated.
- the amount of fuel delivered per hour is controlled by controlling the motor (not shown) with an inverter and adjusting the number of revolutions of the mouth valve 13.
- the fuel blower 14 of the fuel supply device 10 can also control the air flow rate by controlling the motor (not shown) with an inverter.
- the air-fuel ratio of the fuel blown from the panaro 15 can be changed by adjusting the amount of powder fuel delivered by the fuel delivery device 13 and the amount of air blown by the fuel blower 14.
- the fuel supply device 10 is operated in a state where combustion is performed in the primary combustion chamber 20.
- a plurality of primary air supply ports 26 for supplying air for primary combustion into the primary combustion chamber 20 are provided on the peripheral wall of the body 22. Air is supplied to the primary air supply port 26 from a primary air blower 27, which is a primary air supply device provided outside the body portion 22.
- the body 22 is provided with an auxiliary combustion burner 30 for assisting combustion in the primary combustion chamber 20 and an auxiliary combustion solenoid valve 30 3 for supplying air to the auxiliary combustion burner 30.
- auxiliary combustion burner 30 for assisting combustion in the primary combustion chamber 20
- auxiliary combustion solenoid valve 30 3 for supplying air to the auxiliary combustion burner 30.
- the auxiliary combustion burner 30 uses, as a fuel, vent oil or the like collected during fuel production by the fuel production apparatus disclosed in Patent Document 2.
- the [0044] primary combustion chamber 2 0 bottom 2 3 are formed inclined portions 2 3 3 inclined from the wall surface of the body portion 2 2 As narrowed downward, below the inclined part 2 3 3
- the ash outlet 23 is formed.
- the inclined portion 2 3 3 is provided with a plurality of bottom air supply ports 3 1 into which combustion air is introduced. This bottom air supply port 31 is
- Air is supplied from the primary air blower 27.
- the bottom part 23 is provided with an air supply ashing device 32 inside the inclined part 233, and an ignition burner 33 for igniting the powdered fuel injected into the bottom part 23. ing.
- the fuel used in this ignition burner 33 is kerosene or heavy oil.
- the air supply ash discharging device 32 includes a bottom air injection nozzle 34 and an ash discharging device 35.
- the bottom air injection nozzle 34 is a tubular member that extends in the vertical direction, and is provided substantially at the center of the inclined portion 2 33.
- Bottom air injection nozzle 3 4 is open upper end and a lower end, the injection port 3 4 3 which air is injected is provided with a plurality on the side surface.
- the lower end of the bottom air injection nozzle 34 is provided toward the ash outlet 23.
- An air conditioner press 70, a bottom solenoid valve 37, and a bottom air supply pipe 38 are connected to the bottom air injection nozzle 34 as an injection air supply device 36.
- the blast air supply device 36 supplies the blast air to the bottom air blast nozzle 34.
- the ash delivery device 35 delivers the ash by rotating the mouth tally valve 35 in the cylindrical case 353. Further, the ash delivery device 3-5, watering nozzle 3 9 for injecting water is disposed in the interior of the lower portion of the case 3 5 3. When water is sprayed from this water spray nozzle 39, the ash in the case 353 is cooled, and the ash is collected by the water and drops downward without scattering to the surroundings.
- An ash receiver 40 is arranged below the ash outlet 23, and can store ash discharged from the ash outlet 23.
- This ash receiver 40 is a fork ⁇ 2020/175639 12 boxes (:171? 2020 /008123
- the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 is additionally provided with a vent oil tank 71 for supplying vent oil as fuel to the auxiliary combustion burner 30 and a water tank 72 for supplying water to the water spray nozzle 39. Has been.
- the secondary combustion chamber 50 is a cylindrical combustion chamber, and is connected to the primary exhaust port 24 into which the combustion gas of the primary combustion chamber 20 is introduced.
- a secondary burner 51 that ignites the combustion gas is provided near the connection of the primary exhaust port 24. Also,
- a plurality of secondary air supply ports 52 for supplying secondary combustion air for performing secondary combustion are provided on the peripheral wall of the secondary combustion chamber 50. Air is supplied to the secondary air supply port 5 2 from a secondary air blower 5 3 which is a secondary air supply device.
- a secondary exhaust port 54 is provided on the downstream side of the secondary combustion chamber 50, and is connected to the cyclone dust collector 60.
- the secondary exhaust port 54 is provided with a second temperature sensor 55 for detecting the temperature of the combustion gas in the secondary combustion chamber 50.
- a cyclone recovery device 61 is provided below the cyclone dust collector 60.
- the cyclone recovery device 61 is composed of a mouth tally valve 62 and a screen conveyor 63.
- the dust collected by the cyclone dust collector 60 is returned to the primary combustion chamber 20 again by this cyclone collecting device 61 and burned.
- the boiler 3 in the power generation system 2 of the present embodiment is a device that generates superheated steam or saturated steam by the heat of the exhaust gas subjected to the dust collection processing by the cyclone dust collector 60.
- the boiler 3 performs the heat recovery yield of about 6 0 0 ° ⁇ exhaust gas, which lowers the outlet temperature of the exhaust gas to about 2 0 0 ° ⁇ .
- the power generation device 5 is a device that rotates an evening bin (not shown) with steam generated by the boiler 3 to generate power.
- This generator 5 is the one that is currently in general use.
- the steam generated by the boiler 3 can be used not only for the power generator 5 as described above but also for auxiliary equipment such as heating equipment. ⁇ 2020/175639 13 ⁇ (:171? 2020/008123
- a dust collector 4 is provided on the downstream side of the boiler 3.
- a generally widely used bag filter or the like can be used. If necessary, a device for lowering the temperature of the gas will be installed in front of the bag filter.
- another dust collector such as a centrifugal dust collector, an electric dust collector, or a gravity dust collector can be used.
- the dust collector 4 itself may be omitted depending on the scale of the power generation system 2 and the type of fuel to be burned.
- the chimney 6 is provided with a suction fan (not shown), and the powder fuel combustion device
- the exhaust gas generated from 1 is sucked up to the chimney 6 and discharged to the outside.
- This suction fan is also driven by the inverter control, and the number of rotations is controlled by the signal from the controller 7.
- the control device 7 is a so-called control panel, and has various operation switches, an indicator showing the operating state of each device, and a computer for controlling each device (each not shown). ).
- the computer of the control device 7 includes a memory device, a communication device, etc. (not shown), and the memory device executes the operation of the power generation system 2 including the powder fuel combustion device 1 of the present embodiment.
- the program to be stored is stored.
- the combustion method of the present embodiment includes a fuel injection process, an ignition process, a gasification combustion process, a direct combustion process, and a smoldering/ashing process. Each of these steps is executed by a program stored in the controller 7.
- a fuel injection process is performed.
- the fuel supply unit 10 is used to deposit a certain amount of powder fuel in the primary combustion chamber 20.
- the amount of powdered fuel is set to fill about 1/3 of the primary combustion chamber 20.
- the predetermined amount is preferably about 1/4 to 1/2 of the primary combustion chamber 20, but it may be appropriately changed depending on the properties of the powder fuel. it can.
- the fuel hopper 1 of the fuel supply device 10 is ⁇ 2020/175639 14 ⁇ (:171? 2020 /008123
- the injection of the powdered fuel into the fuel hopper 11 may be controlled by the control device 7 using a conveyor or the like, or may be manually operated.
- the timing at which the hopper air supply device 18 is activated can be changed as appropriate according to the state of the powdered fuel. For example, the hopper air supply device 18 is activated every 1 to 10 minutes. Alternatively, it may be activated each time the powdered fuel is added to the fuel hopper 11.
- the powdered fuel discharged from the fuel supply device 10 is stored in the primary combustion chamber 20. Deposit on the bottom 23.
- the operation of the fuel supply device 10 is continued until the volume of about 1/3 of the primary combustion chamber 20 is filled, and after the powder fuel is supplied to a predetermined amount, the operation of the fuel supply device 10 is stopped. ..
- an ignition stroke is performed.
- the combustion of the secondary burner 51 of the secondary combustion chamber 50 is started to raise the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 50.
- the ignition burner 33 is activated to ignite the powder fuel accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20. ..
- a predetermined temperature 800°°, etc.
- the gasification combustion process in the primary combustion chamber 20, the _ part of the powdered fuel injected in the fuel injection process burns to generate combustible gas.
- the primary combustion chamber 20 is supplied with air for primary combustion from a blower 27 for primary air, a primary air supply port 26, and a bottom air supply port 3 1.
- the air for primary combustion introduced into the primary combustion chamber 20 is supplied with an amount of air smaller than that required for complete combustion of the powder fuel. Therefore, in the primary combustion chamber 20, part of the powdered fuel burns, gradually increasing the combustion range while heating the surrounding powdered fuel, so that flammable gas is generated from the powdered fuel. To do.
- air is intermittently supplied into the primary combustion chamber 20 from the bottom air injection nozzle 34 of the air supply ash outlet 32.
- air is injected from upper and lower ends and an injection port 3 4 3.
- control is performed by injecting a small amount of air for a predetermined time and increasing the injection amount regularly or irregularly. Specifically, for 5 minutes, the amount of air that does not move the powder fuel around the bottom air injection nozzle 34 due to wind pressure is injected, and every 5 minutes the powder fuel around the bottom air injection nozzle 34 is injected. Injects air with a strength that allows stirring.
- the temperature in the primary combustion chamber 20 becomes equal to or lower than a predetermined temperature
- not only the periodic injection such as every 5 minutes, but also the air injection with a weak wind pressure is usually performed.
- the air may be injected with such strength that the powder fuel is agitated. Due to the intermittent injection of air from the upper and lower openings of the bottom air injection nozzle 34 and the injection port 3 43 provided on the side surface, the powder accumulated on the bottom 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 is accumulated.
- the body fuel is agitated for good combustion.
- the combustion temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 50 is preferably 800°C or more, ⁇ 2020/175639 16 ⁇ (:171? 2020/008123
- the secondary burner 51 stops its operation when the temperature detected by the second temperature sensor reaches or exceeds the predetermined temperature, but after that, in the secondary combustion chamber 50, the primary combustion chamber 2 Combustion continues with flammable gas from zero.
- control device 7 controls the combustion temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 50 to be substantially constant.
- the control of the combustion temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 50 is performed with the blower for primary air blower 5 3 supplying a fixed amount of secondary air required for complete combustion of combustible gas. It is performed by adjusting the amount of primary air according to 7.
- the exhaust gas after being completely combusted in the secondary combustion chamber 50 is discharged from the secondary exhaust port 54 and introduced into the boiler 3 via the cyclone dust collector 60.
- the dust in the exhaust gas is separated and dropped to the bottom of the cyclone dust collector 60.
- the dust that has fallen to the bottom is returned to the primary combustion chamber 20 by the mouth-tally valve 62 of the cyclone recovery device 61 and the screeconveyor 63 and burned.
- the exhaust gas from which the dust has been removed in this way has a high temperature at the secondary exhaust port 54, but is heat-exchanged by the boiler 3 to lower the temperature, and passes through the dust collector 4 and the chimney 6. It is released into the atmosphere.
- the powdered fuel uses a tire made of the recovered plastic manufactured by the carbonized fuel manufacturing apparatus described in Patent Document 2 as a raw material.
- the recovered plastic is the raw material for the powder fuel, which is the fuel, and the recovered plastic is used.
- the powdered fuel accumulated in the primary combustion chamber 20 is gradually switched from the gasification combustion to the direct combustion.
- the switching of the combustion state is determined by the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 and the temperature condition inside the secondary combustion chamber 50.
- the direct combustion from the gasification combustion is started at the timing when the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 50 begins to decrease. It is detected that it gradually switches to.
- the primary air blower 27 adjusts the amount of primary air in order to keep the combustion temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 50 constant.
- the controller 7 controls the blower for primary air to increase the combustible gas. Control to increase the number of rotations of 2 7. As this state progresses, the amount of powdered fuel decreased in the primary combustion chamber 20 and the increased amount of primary air approach the proper air-fuel ratio, approaching complete combustion, so the secondary combustion The amount of combustible gas sent to the chamber 50 decreases, and the temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 50 begins to drop. When such a temperature decrease in the secondary combustion chamber 50 is detected, the control device 7 determines that the combustion state has been switched.
- the direct combustion process is started.
- the powdered fuel deposited on the bottom portion 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 continues to burn by direct combustion.
- the air is supplied from the bottom air supply port 31 and the air is intermittently injected from the bottom air injection nozzle 34.
- the powder fuel is supplied from the fuel supply device 10.
- the ignition temperature of the powder fuel injected from the PANARO 15 is ignited because the temperature inside the primary combustion chamber 20 exceeds the ignition temperature of the powder fuel. Then, it will continue to burn continuously.
- the fuel supply device 10 ⁇ 2020/175639 18 ⁇ (:171? 2020 /008123
- the combusted components supplied to the primary combustion chamber 20 are discharged as combustion gas to the secondary combustion chamber 50, and the part that cannot be completely burned is deposited in the primary combustion chamber 20 while burning. Further, the powdered fuel supplied into the primary combustion chamber 20 is continuously combusted by the combustion air supplied from the primary air supply port 26 and the bottom air injection nozzle 34, and is gradually ashed. It
- the powder fuel is transferred to the bonfire combustion, whereby the remaining powder fuel is gradually ashed and finally becomes almost ash.
- the incineration of the powdered fuel in the primary combustion chamber 20 can be detected by the first temperature sensor 25, which is the temperature in the primary combustion chamber 20.
- the ash of the ashed powder fuel is delivered to the outside of the primary combustion chamber 20 by the ash delivery device 35 of the air supply ash outlet device 32.
- the mouth-tally valve 35 is rotated to discharge the ash in the bottom 23 of the primary combustion chamber 20 to the outside through the ash outlet 23 13.
- the air is strongly jetted intermittently from the bottom air jet nozzle 34, and the ash accumulated on the bottom portion 23 is smoothly discharged to the outside.
- the ash discharged from the ash outlet 23 water is jetted from the water spray nozzle 39 in the lower part of the case 353, so the temperature of the ash in the case 353 decreases. At the same time, the ash is collected by the water and falls downward without scattering to the surroundings.
- An ash receiver 40 is arranged below the ash outlet 23, and the ash discharged from the ash outlet 23 is stored and transported to the ash collection place by a forklift, etc., if necessary. ..
- the power generation system 2 including the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 of the present invention can generate the powder by supplying the primary air from the fixed bottom air injection nozzle 34 and the bottom air supply port 3 1. Complete combustion of body fuel. Therefore, unlike Patent Document 1, it is not necessary to analyze unburned matter, and it is not necessary to change the angle when the primary air is supplied.
- the powder fuel in the bottom portion 2 3 of the primary combustion chamber 20 is intermittently supplied by the bottom air injection nozzle 34 of the air supply ashing device 3 2. Since the air is injected into the furnace, the powder fuel is securely burnt and ashed without being deposited on the furnace bottom, and is discharged to the outside of the primary combustion chamber 20. Therefore, the powder fuel combustion apparatus 1 of the present invention can burn the powder fuel reliably, and the energy recovery by the power generation device 5 and the like can be efficiently performed.
- Injection nozzle 3 4 3 injection port, 3 5 ash delivery device, 3 5 8 ⁇ case, 3 5 13 port tally valve, 3 6 injection air supply device, 3 7 bottom solenoid valve, 3 8 bottom air supply pipe, 3 9 Sprinkling nozzle, 40 ash receiver, 50 secondary combustion chamber, 5 1 secondary parner, 5 2 secondary air supply port, 5 3 secondary air blower, 5 4 secondary exhaust port, 5 5 second temperature Sensor, 60 cyclone dust collector, 6 1 recovery device for cyclone, 6 2-port tally valve, 6 3 screen conveyor, 7 0 air compressor, 7 1 vent oil tank, 7 2 water tank.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion Of Fluid Fuel (AREA)
- Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
- Gasification And Melting Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Priority Applications (6)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US17/310,835 US20220120441A1 (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | Powder fuel combustion apparatus and combustion method |
BR112021017044A BR112021017044A2 (pt) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | Aparelho de combustão para comburir um combustível em pó e método de combustão para comburir um combustível em pó por um aparelho de combustão de combustível em pó |
EP20762202.8A EP3933264B1 (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | Powder fuel combustion apparatus and combustion method |
KR1020217030946A KR102540051B1 (ko) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | 분체 연료 연소 장치 및 연소 방법 |
CN202080015239.XA CN113544433B (zh) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | 粉体燃料燃烧装置及燃烧方法 |
CA3130559A CA3130559C (en) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | Powder fuel combustion apparatus and combustion method |
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JP2019-036448 | 2019-02-28 | ||
JP2019036448A JP6989876B2 (ja) | 2019-02-28 | 2019-02-28 | 粉体燃料燃焼装置及び燃焼方法 |
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WO2020175639A1 true WO2020175639A1 (ja) | 2020-09-03 |
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ID=72239626
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PCT/JP2020/008123 WO2020175639A1 (ja) | 2019-02-28 | 2020-02-27 | 粉体燃料燃焼装置及び燃焼方法 |
Country Status (9)
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US (1) | US20220120441A1 (ja) |
EP (1) | EP3933264B1 (ja) |
JP (1) | JP6989876B2 (ja) |
KR (1) | KR102540051B1 (ja) |
CN (1) | CN113544433B (ja) |
BR (1) | BR112021017044A2 (ja) |
CA (1) | CA3130559C (ja) |
TW (1) | TWI740396B (ja) |
WO (1) | WO2020175639A1 (ja) |
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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TWI740396B (zh) | 2021-09-21 |
BR112021017044A2 (pt) | 2021-11-16 |
US20220120441A1 (en) | 2022-04-21 |
EP3933264B1 (en) | 2024-10-02 |
CA3130559A1 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
KR102540051B1 (ko) | 2023-06-08 |
JP2020139702A (ja) | 2020-09-03 |
EP3933264A4 (en) | 2022-11-30 |
CN113544433A (zh) | 2021-10-22 |
TW202037847A (zh) | 2020-10-16 |
CA3130559C (en) | 2024-01-16 |
EP3933264A1 (en) | 2022-01-05 |
JP6989876B2 (ja) | 2022-01-12 |
KR20210131409A (ko) | 2021-11-02 |
CN113544433B (zh) | 2024-03-26 |
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