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WO2020156222A1 - 人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用 - Google Patents

人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用 Download PDF

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WO2020156222A1
WO2020156222A1 PCT/CN2020/072629 CN2020072629W WO2020156222A1 WO 2020156222 A1 WO2020156222 A1 WO 2020156222A1 CN 2020072629 W CN2020072629 W CN 2020072629W WO 2020156222 A1 WO2020156222 A1 WO 2020156222A1
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amino acid
monoclonal antibody
acid sequence
seq
variable region
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PCT/CN2020/072629
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English (en)
French (fr)
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冯晓
梁阳秋
金磊
孙大为
王涛
肖亮
刘爽
陈宇珩
李正一
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长春金赛药业有限责任公司
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Priority to JP2021544894A priority Critical patent/JP2022523516A/ja
Priority to EP20749200.0A priority patent/EP3919512A4/en
Priority to US17/427,589 priority patent/US20220242937A1/en
Priority to KR1020217027917A priority patent/KR20210124332A/ko
Priority to CN202080011714.6A priority patent/CN113508132B/zh
Priority to CA3128420A priority patent/CA3128420A1/en
Priority to AU2020214135A priority patent/AU2020214135A1/en
Publication of WO2020156222A1 publication Critical patent/WO2020156222A1/zh

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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
    • A61K39/00—Medicinal preparations containing antigens or antibodies
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    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/20—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by taxonomic origin
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    • C07K—PEPTIDES
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    • C07K2317/56—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by immunoglobulin fragments variable (Fv) region, i.e. VH and/or VL
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    • C07K2317/567—Framework region [FR]
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    • C07K—PEPTIDES
    • C07K2317/00—Immunoglobulins specific features
    • C07K2317/90—Immunoglobulins specific features characterized by (pharmaco)kinetic aspects or by stability of the immunoglobulin
    • C07K2317/92—Affinity (KD), association rate (Ka), dissociation rate (Kd) or EC50 value
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    • C12N15/00—Mutation or genetic engineering; DNA or RNA concerning genetic engineering, vectors, e.g. plasmids, or their isolation, preparation or purification; Use of hosts therefor
    • C12N15/09—Recombinant DNA-technology
    • C12N15/63—Introduction of foreign genetic material using vectors; Vectors; Use of hosts therefor; Regulation of expression
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    • G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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    • G01N2333/435—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans
    • G01N2333/46—Assays involving biological materials from specific organisms or of a specific nature from animals; from humans from vertebrates
    • G01N2333/47—Assays involving proteins of known structure or function as defined in the subgroups
    • G01N2333/4701—Details
    • G01N2333/4709—Amyloid plaque core protein
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
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    • G01N2800/2814—Dementia; Cognitive disorders
    • G01N2800/2821—Alzheimer

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to the technical field of antibody medicines, in particular to humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibodies and applications thereof.
  • Beta amyloid is encoded by the human chromosome 21 gene, contains 39-43 amino acids, has a ⁇ -sheet structure, is hydrophobic, and has a molecular weight of 4KDa.
  • a ⁇ is derived from the residue polypeptide produced by the fragmentation of amyloid precursor protein (APP) by proteolytic enzymes.
  • APP can be decomposed by ⁇ -, ⁇ -, and ⁇ -proteases, and the products after decomposition have different biological functions. The continuous action of ⁇ -protease and ⁇ -protease produces A ⁇ .
  • ⁇ -protease produces the C-terminus of A ⁇ , which can be cut in the transmembrane region of APP and can produce a large number of 39-43 amino acid residue subtypes.
  • the most common of all residue subtypes are A ⁇ 40 and A ⁇ 42.
  • the former is a typical APP formed by cutting off the endoplasmic reticulum, while the latter is formed within the trans-Golgi network.
  • sAPP ⁇ can regulate the excitability of neurons, improve the plasticity of synapses, learning and memory, and enhance the resistance of neurons to oxidative and metabolic stress.
  • APP is first hydrolyzed by ⁇ -secretase 1 (BACE) to produce a sAPP ⁇ fragment and a 99 amino acid peptide (C99) connected to a cell membrane. Subsequently, the C99 peptide is produced by the action of ⁇ -secretase to produce A ⁇ .
  • BACE ⁇ -secretase 1
  • a ⁇ can cause the loss of nerve synapse function, reduce the plasticity of neurons, change cell energy metabolism, induce oxidative stress response and mitochondrial dysfunction, thereby causing the imbalance of intracellular calcium ions.
  • a ⁇ can cause neurotoxicity and neurodegenerative diseases, and it is also an important part of the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD).
  • a ⁇ and Alzheimer's disease (AD) A ⁇ and Alzheimer's disease (AD)
  • a ⁇ is one of the main pathological marker proteins in Alzmer's disease brain. Its formation, deposition and degradation run through the entire pathological process of AD. A ⁇ is divided into two types: soluble and insoluble. Soluble A ⁇ itself is not neurotoxic. When ⁇ -sheets form filamentous fiber aggregates and become insoluble precipitates, it has neurocytotoxicity. The primary structure of human A ⁇ is Determinants of neurotoxicity. According to literature reports, the neurotoxicity of A ⁇ is mainly reflected in the following four aspects: cholinergic neuron damage, nerve cell apoptosis, peroxidation damage and inflammatory response.
  • a large number of damage and loss of cholinergic system neurons and nerve synapses in the pre-basal area projecting to the hippocampus and cortex are the main reasons for the memory and cognitive decline of AD patients.
  • a ⁇ activates protein kinase GSK-3/glycogen synthase kinase-3 ⁇ , causing phosphorylation of tau protein and mitochondrial pyruvate dehydrogenase, reducing enzyme activity, resulting in a decrease in the conversion of pyruvate into acetyl coenzyme A (actyl coenzyme A), thereby reducing Reduce the synthesis of acetylcholine (ACh), inhibit succinate dehydrogenase, reduce energy supply, cause cholinergic neuron and synapse damage, degeneration, transmitter transmission disorder, and decrease the activity of the cholinergic system.
  • the reduction of ACh leads to an increase in the production of A ⁇ , which in turn forms a vicious circle.
  • AD The main characteristic of AD is the decrease in the number of neurons in the cortex and hippocampus.
  • a ⁇ aggregates into a ⁇ -sheet folded structure neurotoxicity is significantly enhanced, and it can induce neuronal apoptosis. This is an important reason for the lack of selective neurons and synapses in AD.
  • the fibrous aggregation of A ⁇ and APP and other transmembrane receptors interact and cross-link through secretory pathways on the cell surface, leading to the inhibition and abnormal activation of signal transduction pathways, thereby starting the nerve cell death program.
  • a ⁇ -induced Ca2+ imbalance in the internal environment stimulates NMDA receptors or changes the membrane permeability through the damage of free radicals, causing Ca2+ influx to activate glutamate receptors, and cause glutamatergic neurons to be overexcited and die.
  • a ⁇ can also increase NO synthesis and cause neuronal apoptosis.
  • a ⁇ can cause oxidative stress in many ways. Oxidative stress caused by the increase of free radicals induced by A ⁇ is an important reason. The toxicity of A ⁇ is mediated by H2O2, and A ⁇ increases the accumulation of H 2 O 2 in the body through the receptor of advanced glycation endoproduct (RAGE), causing oxidative damage and causing cell death. In addition, oxygen stress causes microglia to proliferate and migrate along the concentration gradient of A ⁇ , leading to aggregation of microglia around senile plaques, forming neuritic plaques, and generating more reactive oxygen free radicals. A ⁇ can also increase lipid peroxidation. H2O2 is not only a source of hydroxyl free radicals, but also increases the abnormal expression of nuclear factor ⁇ B (NF- ⁇ B) protein, which causes nerve cell membrane damage and leads to neuronal degeneration.
  • NF- ⁇ B nuclear factor ⁇ B
  • a ⁇ can stimulate the release of a series of inflammatory proteins with strong neurotoxicity. For example, A ⁇ activates astrocytes and microglia to release inflammatory cytokines.
  • interleukin-1 IL-1
  • IL-6 interleukin-6
  • ADP interleukin-6
  • TNF- ⁇ tumor necrosis factor- ⁇
  • TNF- ⁇ tumor necrosis factor- ⁇
  • ACT ⁇ -interferon
  • C1 C3, chemokines and adhesion factors.
  • Many inflammatory factors induce inflammation, promote free radical generation, oxidative stress, and degeneration and necrosis of nerve cells.
  • ⁇ -secretase The hydrolysis of APP by ⁇ -secretase is the initial stage of amyloid production. Although inhibiting the activity of ⁇ -secretase can inhibit the production of A ⁇ , it can cause greater side effects. Because in addition to APP, ⁇ -secretase has numerous substrates, and the hydrolysis of these substrates plays an important role in the plasticity of neurons and synapses in the nervous system.
  • ⁇ -secretase inhibitors such as E2609 (clinical trial ID#NCT01600859), MK-8931 (NCT01739348) and LY2886721 (NCT01807026, NCT01561430) can reduce the A ⁇ level in human cerebrospinal fluid by 80-90%, but currently There are still no beta-secretase inhibitors on the market.
  • ⁇ -secretase hydrolysis of amyloid by ⁇ -secretase is the last step in the production of amyloid, which directly produces A ⁇ 40 and A ⁇ 42 fragments. Therefore, inhibition of ⁇ -secretase is also considered to effectively inhibit the production of A ⁇ , thereby achieving the purpose of treating AD.
  • ⁇ -secretase in addition to hydrolyzing APP, ⁇ -secretase also hydrolyzes other substrate proteins, including Notch protein. Notch protein is important for cell proliferation, differentiation and intercellular signal transduction. Semagacestat (LY450139) as a ⁇ -secretase inhibitor has been clinically tested in 3000 people (NCT00762411, NCT01035138, NCT00762411).
  • the results of the test showed that instead of improving the cognition of the test takers, it worsened, and was accompanied by side effects such as weight loss, increased risk of skin cancer, and high risk of infection.
  • Other ⁇ -secretase inhibitors such as Avagacestat, have also failed in clinical trials (NCT00810147, NCT00890890, NCT00810147, NCT01079819).
  • the selective ⁇ -secretase modulator (SGSM) can theoretically avoid the side effects caused by the total inhibition of ⁇ -secretase, and only inhibit the hydrolysis pathway of APP without interfering with other signal channels, such as the hydrolysis of Notch protein.
  • non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as ibuprofen, sulindac, indomethacin and flurbiprofen, can regulate the level of ⁇ -secretase, and can reduce the level of A ⁇ 42 in in vivo and in vitro activity experiments. Although such drugs have been shown to relieve mild cognitive impairment and reduce the level of inflammatory factors in the cerebrospinal fluid, long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs for AD still needs to be clinically verified.
  • Inhibition of senile plaques can be achieved by interfering with or antagonizing the accumulation of A ⁇ .
  • 3-Amino-1-propane sulfonic acid (3-APS, Alzhemed, tramiprosate) interferes with the interaction between compatible A ⁇ and endogenous aminodextran, which can promote the formation and precipitation of A ⁇ starchy fibers.
  • 3-APS 3-Amino-1-propane sulfonic acid
  • a ⁇ deposition and polymer There are three main ways to remove A ⁇ deposition and polymer: activating the activity of amyloid plaque degrading enzymes; regulating the transport of A ⁇ in the brain and peripheral circulation and anti-A ⁇ immunotherapy.
  • the deposition and polymer of A ⁇ can be degraded by a variety of proteolytic enzymes, including plasmin, endothelin converting enzyme, angiotensin converting enzyme, metalloproteinase, etc.
  • proteolytic enzymes including plasmin, endothelin converting enzyme, angiotensin converting enzyme, metalloproteinase, etc.
  • the levels of these enzymes in the brain of AD patients are low, but due to the lack of specificity for these enzymes, no such drugs have entered the clinic.
  • LRP-1 Low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein
  • RAGE receptor for advanced glycation end products
  • This treatment mechanism is to reduce the load of amyloid in the brain by restricting A ⁇ from entering the peripheral circulation. So far, only RAGE inhibitors/modulators have entered clinical trials, including PF-0449470052 and TTP4000. The former failed in phase II clinical trials, while the latter did not have reliable data to show the expected results in phase I clinical trials. .
  • Anti-A ⁇ antibodies can neutralize the toxicity of A ⁇ and improve the cognition of transgenic animals. Anti-A ⁇ antibodies have become a hot topic in AD treatment. Anti-A ⁇ antibodies are mainly aimed at the early treatment of AD and the treatment of mild to moderate AD. This is also related to the pathogenic mechanism of A ⁇ . Once neurons are injured, it is difficult to reverse and repair. Therefore, the early removal of A ⁇ can more effectively treat and relieve AD.
  • Alzheimer's disease There are currently 15 anti-A ⁇ antibody drugs that are undergoing clinical trials. In comparison, Aducanumab, Gantenerumab and Solanezumab have made rapid progress and have entered phase III clinical trials. As the mechanism complains, various companies have positioned their indications at mild levels. Alzheimer's disease.
  • the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody and its application. It also provides a vector encoding the nucleotide of the monoclonal antibody, a host cell and its use. From the sequence of the variable region of the antibody gene involved in the present invention, a full-length antibody molecule can be constructed, which can be used as a medicine to treat and diagnose amyloidosis-related diseases and disorders (such as Alzheimer's disease) clinically.
  • the present invention provides humanized monoclonal antibodies against A ⁇ ,
  • amino acid sequences of the three CDR regions of the heavy chain of the monoclonal antibody respectively have the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1, 2 and 3; and (II), the light of the monoclonal antibody
  • amino acid sequences of the three CDR regions of the chain have the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 5 and 6 respectively;
  • the function is two or three of inhibiting A ⁇ polymerization, improving the cognitive learning and memory ability and cytotoxic protective activity of the Alzheimer's dementia model;
  • epitope of the monoclonal antibody of the present invention A ⁇ 30 ⁇ 42.
  • the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention is provided by the present invention:
  • the heavy chain includes three CDR regions, wherein the amino acid sequence of at least one CDR region has an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 1, 2 or 3, or an amino acid sequence with more than 97% homology with it;
  • the light chain contains three CDR regions, and the amino acid sequence of at least one CDR region has an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 4, 5 or 6, or an amino acid sequence with more than 97% homology with it.
  • amino acid sequences of the three CDR regions of the heavy chain of the monoclonal antibody have the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 1, 2 and 3, respectively;
  • amino acid sequences of the three CDR regions of the light chain of the monoclonal antibody have the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NOs: 4, 5, and 6, respectively.
  • SEQ ID NO:1 SYAMS
  • SEQ ID NO: 2 The sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 2 is SISTTSNTYYPDSVKG;
  • SEQ ID NO: 3 The sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 3 is GVITNQAWFAY;
  • sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 4 is RASQSISNNLH;
  • SEQ ID NO: 5 The sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 5 is YASQSIS;
  • sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 6 is QQSNSWPLT.
  • the monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention is the monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention.
  • the amino acid sequences of the 4 FR regions of the heavy chain of the monoclonal antibody respectively have the amino acid sequences shown in SEQ ID NO: 7, 8, 9 and 10; and (VI), the monoclonal antibody
  • the function is two or three of inhibiting A ⁇ polymerization, improving the cognitive learning and memory ability and cytotoxic protective activity of the Alzheimer's dementia model;
  • the heavy chain contains 4 FR regions, wherein the amino acid sequence of at least one FR region has the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7, 8, 9, or 10, or 97% Amino acid sequences with the above homology;
  • the light chain includes 4 FR regions, and the amino acid sequence of at least one FR region has an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 11, 12, 13, or 14, or an amino acid sequence with more than 97% homology with it.
  • the amino acid sequence of the four FR regions of the heavy chain of the monoclonal antibody has the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7, 8, 9 or 10, or has 97 Amino acid sequences with more than% homology;
  • amino acid sequences of the 4 FR regions of the light chain of the monoclonal antibody respectively have the amino acid sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 11, 12, 13 or 14, or have an amino acid sequence with more than 97% sequence homology with it.
  • sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 7 is EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCVASGFTFR;
  • SEQ ID NO: 8 The sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 8 is WVRQAPGKGLEWVA;
  • sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 9 is RFTTSRDNSKNTVYLQMSSLRAEDTAVYYCGR;
  • SEQ ID NO: 10 The sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 10 is WGQGTLVTVSS;
  • SEQ ID NO: 11 The sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 11 is DIVLTQSPATLSVSPGERATLSC;
  • SEQ ID NO: 12 The sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 12 is WYQQKPGQAPRLLIK;
  • SEQ ID NO: 13 is the sequence GIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQSEDFAVYFC;
  • SEQ ID NO: 14 The sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 14 is FGGGTKVEIK.
  • the monoclonal antibody in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the monoclonal antibody
  • the function is two or three functions of inhibiting A ⁇ polymerization, improving the cognitive learning and memory ability of Alzheimer's dementia model, and cytotoxic protective activity;
  • (XII) an amino acid sequence that has more than 97% homology with the amino acid sequence of (IX), (X) or (XI).
  • its heavy chain variable region has an amino acid sequence as shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 15-19; its light chain variable region has an amino acid sequence as shown in SEQ ID NO: 20-24 The amino acid sequence shown in any one of them.
  • the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody has:
  • amino acid sequence is the heavy chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and the amino acid sequence is the light chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 20; or
  • amino acid sequence is the heavy chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and the amino acid sequence is the light chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 21; or
  • amino acid sequence is the heavy chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and the amino acid sequence is the light chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 22; or
  • amino acid sequence is the heavy chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and the amino acid sequence is the light chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 23; or
  • amino acid sequence is the heavy chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, and the amino acid sequence is the light chain variable region of SEQ ID NO: 24.
  • the monoclonal antibody in some specific embodiments of the present invention, the monoclonal antibody
  • the sequence with at least 97% sequence homology is an amino acid sequence obtained by substitution, deletion or addition of one or more amino acids on the basis of the original sequence. One, four or five.
  • the monoclonal antibody further includes a constant region, and the constant region of the heavy chain of the monoclonal antibody is any one of human IgG1, IgG2, IgG3 or IgG4;
  • the constant region of the light chain is of ⁇ type or ⁇ type.
  • the heavy chain constant region of the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention is human IgG1
  • the light chain constant region is the constant region of human kappa chain.
  • the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention can bind to human A ⁇ ; in some embodiments, the affinity between the antibody and its target is determined by Ka (binding constant), Kd (dissociation constant), and KD (equilibrium solution).
  • Ka binding constant
  • Kd dissociation constant
  • KD equilibrium solution
  • the KD value of the antibody provided by the present invention is not higher than 36.3 nM; the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention can inhibit the polymerization of A ⁇ monomer and protect nerve cells from the toxicity of A ⁇ .
  • the present invention also provides nucleotides encoding the monoclonal antibody.
  • the present invention provides a nucleotide sequence encoding the heavy chain of the monoclonal antibody.
  • the present invention provides a nucleotide sequence encoding the light chain of the monoclonal antibody.
  • the present invention provides a nucleotide sequence encoding the heavy chain variable region of the monoclonal antibody.
  • nucleotide sequence encoding the heavy chain variable region of the monoclonal antibody is shown in SEQ ID NO: 25-29 or is the complementary sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25-29.
  • the nucleotides are those obtained by substituting, deleting or adding one or more nucleotides to the nucleotide sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 25-29. , And have the same or similar function as the nucleotide sequence shown in SEQ ID NO: 25-29.
  • the nucleotide sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 25 to 29 is a nucleotide sequence obtained by substitution, deletion or addition of one or more nucleotides, so The plurality is 2, 3, 4 or 5.
  • the present invention provides a nucleotide sequence encoding the light chain variable region of the monoclonal antibody.
  • nucleotide sequence encoding the light chain variable region of the monoclonal antibody is shown in SEQ ID NO: 30-34 or is the complementary sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30-34.
  • the nucleotides are those obtained by substituting, deleting or adding one or more nucleotides to the nucleotide sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 30 to 34. And a nucleotide sequence that is functionally identical or similar to the nucleotide sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 30 to 34.
  • the nucleotide sequence shown in any one of SEQ ID NO: 30 to 34 is a nucleotide sequence obtained by substitution, deletion or addition of one or more nucleotides, so The plurality is 2, 3, 4 or 5.
  • the expression vector provided by the present invention includes nucleotides encoding the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody.
  • the invention also provides a host cell transformed or transfected with the expression vector.
  • the preparation method of the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody of the present invention includes: culturing the host cell and inducing the expression of the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody.
  • the present invention also provides a conjugate comprising the monoclonal antibody chemically or biomarked.
  • the chemical markers are isotopes, immunotoxins and/or chemical drugs
  • the biomarker is biotin, avidin or enzyme label.
  • the enzyme label is preferably horseradish peroxidase or alkaline phosphatase.
  • the immunotoxin is preferably aflatoxin, diphtheria toxin, Pseudomonas aeruginosa exotoxin, ricin, acacia toxin, mistletoe agglutinin, capsule root toxin, PAP, herbogen, white tree toxin or loofah toxin.
  • the invention also provides a conjugate prepared by coupling the monoclonal antibody or its conjugate with a solid medium or a semi-solid medium.
  • the solid medium or non-solid medium is selected from colloidal gold, polystyrene plates or beads.
  • the present invention also provides the monoclonal antibody, the conjugate and/or the conjugate in the preparation of an agent against cognitive impairment, a therapeutic agent for Alzheimer's disease, Agents for inhibiting the progression of Alzheimer's disease, agents for inhibiting the formation of senile plaques, agents for inhibiting A ⁇ accumulation, anti-neurotoxic agents, agents for inhibiting the formation of A ⁇ amyloid fibrils and / Or application in anti-synaptic toxicity agents.
  • the present invention also provides the application of the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody, conjugate and/or conjugate in the preparation of drugs for preventing and treating diseases;
  • the diseases include amyloidosis, which is diseases and abnormalities associated with amyloid proteins, the amyloidosis includes secondary amyloidosis and age-related amyloidosis, and the diseases include but are not limited to neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
  • the present invention also provides medicines, including the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody, its conjugates and/or conjugates.
  • the present invention also provides methods for preventing and/or treating diseases, administering the drugs of the present invention; said diseases and disorders include amyloidosis, which are diseases and abnormalities related to amyloid, including secondary amyloid Degeneration and age-related amyloidosis, including but not limited to neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
  • amyloidosis which are diseases and abnormalities related to amyloid, including secondary amyloid Degeneration and age-related amyloidosis, including but not limited to neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
  • the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention can inhibit the polymerization of A ⁇ monomers, protect nerve cells from the toxicity of A ⁇ , have a certain effect on improving the cognitive learning and memory ability of Alzheimer's dementia model mice, and can be used for treatment Diseases and disorders related to the diagnosis of amyloidosis, such as Alzheimer's disease.
  • the invention also provides the application of the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody, conjugate and/or conjugate in the preparation of products for detecting A ⁇ expression.
  • the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention can bind to the A ⁇ monomer. Therefore, the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention can be used for the detection of A ⁇ monomer.
  • the present invention also provides a kit comprising the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody, its conjugate and/or conjugate.
  • the kit for detecting A ⁇ monomer or polymer mixture provided by the present invention further includes a coating buffer, a washing solution, a blocking solution and/or a color developing solution.
  • the coating buffer is a carbonate buffer.
  • the washing solution includes PBS, Tween, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, disodium hydrogen phosphate, and dipotassium hydrogen phosphate.
  • the blocking solution includes PBS and BSA.
  • the color developing solution includes TMB solution, substrate buffer solution and stop solution.
  • the substrate buffer includes citric acid and disodium hydrogen phosphate.
  • the stop solution is an aqueous hydrogen peroxide solution.
  • the kit for detecting cells expressing A ⁇ on the surface also includes PBS, goat anti-mouse IgG Fc and TITC secondary antibodies.
  • the present invention also provides a method for diagnosing diseases, using the kit provided by the present invention to detect the expression of A ⁇ , and judge whether there is a disease based on the expression of A ⁇ ;
  • the diseases include amyloidosis, which is a disease related to amyloid protein and Abnormal, the amyloidosis includes secondary amyloidosis and age-related amyloidosis, and the diseases include but are not limited to neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease.
  • the criteria for judging whether to have a disease based on the expression of A ⁇ are: 600-1000 pg/ml for normal people, 200-450 pg/ml for AD patients, and detection sensitivity requirement ⁇ 20 pg/ml.
  • Antibody refers to a protein composed of one or more polypeptides that specifically bind to an antigen.
  • One form of antibody constitutes the basic structural unit of an antibody. This form is a tetramer, which is composed of two pairs of identical antibody chains, each of which has a light chain and a heavy chain. In each pair of antibody chains, the variable regions of the light chain and the heavy chain are jointly responsible for binding the antigen, while the constant region is responsible for the effector function of the antibody.
  • the "variable region" of an antibody heavy or light chain is the N-terminal mature region of the chain.
  • the currently known antibody types include kappa and lambda light chains, as well as alpha, gamma (IgG1, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4), delta, epsilon, and mu heavy chains or their other type equivalents.
  • the full-length immunoglobulin "light chain” (approximately 25 kDa or approximately 214 amino acids) contains a variable region formed by approximately 110 amino acids on the NH2-terminus, and a K or ⁇ constant region on the COOH-terminus.
  • the full-length immunoglobulin "heavy chain” (approximately 50 kDa or approximately 446 amino acids) also contains a variable region (approximately 116 amino acids), and one of the heavy chain constant regions, such as gamma (approximately 330 amino acids).
  • Antibody includes any isotype antibody or immunoglobulin, or antibody fragment that retains specific binding to the antigen, including but not limited to Fab, Fv, scFv and Fd fragments, chimeric antibodies, humanized antibodies, single chain antibodies, and A fusion protein containing the antigen-binding portion of an antibody and a non-antibody protein.
  • Antibodies can be labeled and detected. For example, they can be labeled and detected by radioisotopes, enzymes capable of producing detectable substances, fluorescent proteins, biotin, etc.
  • the antibody can also be bound to a solid carrier, including but not limited to polystyrene plates or beads.
  • Humanized antibody refers to an antibody that contains CDR regions derived from a non-human antibody, and other parts of the antibody molecule are derived from one (or several) human antibodies. Moreover, in order to retain binding affinity, some residues of the backbone (referred to as FR) segment can be modified.
  • FR backbone
  • the "monoclonal antibody” refers to a preparation of antibody molecules with a single molecular composition.
  • the monoclonal antibody composition shows a single binding specificity and affinity for a specific epitope.
  • the medicine contains at least one functional ingredient, and also includes a pharmaceutically acceptable carrier.
  • the pharmaceutically acceptable carrier is water, buffered aqueous solution, isotonic salt solution such as PBS (phosphate buffered saline), glucose, mannitol, dextrose, lactose, starch, magnesium stearate, cellulose, carbonic acid Magnesium, 0.3% glycerin, hyaluronic acid, ethanol or polyalkylene glycols such as polypropylene glycol, triglycerides, etc.
  • the type of pharmaceutically acceptable carrier used depends in particular on whether the composition according to the invention is formulated for oral, nasal, intradermal, subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous administration.
  • the composition according to the invention may contain wetting agents, emulsifiers or buffer substances as additives.
  • CDR region refers to the hypervariable regions of the heavy and light chains of immunoglobulins, as defined by Kabat et al. (Kabat et al., Sequences of proteins of immunological interest, 5th Ed. , USDepartment of Health and Human Services, NIH, 1991, and later versions). There are three heavy chain CDRs and three light chain CDRs. Depending on the situation, the term CDR or CDRs as used herein is used to indicate one of these regions, or several or even all of these regions, which contains most of the amino acid residues responsible for binding through the affinity of the antibody to the antigen or its recognition epitope. base.
  • the present invention provides a method for humanization of antibodies.
  • FR transplantation is performed on a reference multi-template to carry out reasonable antibody humanization design to obtain a humanized antibody with an affinity equivalent to that of a murine antibody.
  • the preparation method of humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention includes:
  • Step 1 Preparation of mouse hybridoma, obtain antibody sequence through 5'RACE;
  • Step 2 Antibody humanization, sequence alignment is performed on the NCBI tool to complete the humanization modification, and the modified antibodies are screened.
  • the method includes:
  • the preparation method of the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody is: using the murine antibody 066-4.26.14 as a template, PCR amplification to obtain the antibody heavy chain variable region gene VH and light chain variable region gene VL, and It is translated into an amino acid sequence, and then the amino acid sequence is compared with the human antibody sequence in the NCBI database, and the 5 human antibody sequences with the highest similarity to the VH and VL of the variable region are selected as the reference template for the humanization transformation.
  • the CDR region of the murine antibody 066-4.26.14 transplanted the FR regions from the five reference templates of the above VH and VL respectively to 066-4.26.14 to obtain the humanized sequence, which was codon optimized Transient expression vectors were constructed separately; the expression vectors were transferred to 293E cells for expression to obtain humanized antibodies that specifically bind to A ⁇ ; the humanized antibodies were subjected to affinity determination, antigen binding EC50 value determination, and A ⁇ polymerization inhibition test And cytotoxicity protection test, and finally obtain humanized A ⁇ antibody.
  • the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention can inhibit the polymerization of A ⁇ monomers, protect nerve cells from the toxicity of A ⁇ , and have a certain effect on improving the cognitive, learning and memory ability of Alzheimer's dementia model mice.
  • amyloidosis-related diseases and disorders such as Alzheimer's disease.
  • Figure 1 shows the SDS-PAGE and WB detection of A ⁇ monomer and polymer mixture; among them, lane M: protein molecular weight marker; lane 1: A ⁇ monomer; lane 2: A ⁇ polymer mixture; Figure 1(A): A ⁇ monomer And polymer mixture SDS-PAGE detection chart; Figure 1 (B): A ⁇ monomer and polymer mixture WB detection chart;
  • Figure 2 shows the positive antibodies detected by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis; among them, lane M: protein molecular weight marker; lane 1: 066-P01 non-reducing electrophoresis; lane 2: 066-P01 reducing electrophoresis; lane 3: 066-P02 non-reducing electrophoresis ; Lane 4: 066-P02 reduction electrophoresis; Figure 2(A): SDS-PAGE electrophoresis detection result of the purified positive antibody 066-P01; Figure 2(B): SDS-PAGE electrophoresis detection of the purified positive antibody 066-P02 result;
  • Figure 3 shows the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody inhibiting the detection of A ⁇ polymerization; the abscissa is different sample groups, the ordinate is the relative fluorescence intensity, and anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibodies such as 066-4.22.1, 066-4.26.14, 066-5.4.1 Antibodies can inhibit A ⁇ polymerization; among them, Figure 3(A) shows the sample groups are IgG, 066-P01, 066-5.4.1, 066-6.1.1, 066-6.1.3, 066-6.2.1, respectively 066-6.7.2 Anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody inhibits the detection result of A ⁇ polymerization; Figure 3(B) shows the sample addition groups are PBS, IgG, 066-4.21.13, 066-4.26.14, 066-4.6.8, 066 -4.22.1, 066-4.18.2, 066-P01 anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibodies inhibit A ⁇ polymerization test results;
  • Figure 4 shows the detection of anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody stimulating macrophage phagocytosis of A ⁇ activity; the abscissa is the different sample groups, the ordinate is the fluorescence intensity, and the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibodies 066-5.4.1 and 066-7.17.2 can promote macrophages. Phage phagocytic A ⁇ activity;
  • Figure 5 shows the detection of the cytotoxic protective activity of anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibodies; the abscissa is different sample groups, the ordinate is the relative value of LDH release, 066-4.26.14, 066-5.4.1, 066-6.1.1, 066- 6.1.3, 066-6.2.1, 066-6.7.2, 066-7.17.2 antibodies all have a cytotoxic protective effect, and the protective effect is equivalent to that of 066-P02; among them, Figure 5(A) shows the addition groups respectively For Vehicle, IgG, 066-4.21.13, 066-4.17.28, 066-4.6.8, 066-4.22.1, 066-4.26.14, 066-4.18.2, 066-P02 anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody cells Toxic protective activity test results; Figure 5 (B) shows the sample groups are Vehicle, IgG, 066-6.2.1, 066-7.17.2, 066-5.4.1, 066-6.1.1, 066-6.1.3 , 066-6.7.2, 066-P
  • Figure 6 shows the detection results of the Morris water maze experiment; the abscissa is the time after treatment (days 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5), and the ordinate is the time to find a hidden platform under the water surface (unit: Sec);
  • Figure 7 shows total RNA agarose gel electrophoresis detection; lane M: DL2000 molecular weight marker; lane 1: 066-4.26.14 total RNA electrophoresis band;
  • Figure 8 shows agarose gel electrophoresis detection of the heavy chain variable region and light chain variable region of the candidate antibody amplified by PCR; lane M: DL2000 molecular weight marker; lane 1: 066-4.26.14 heavy chain variable region PCR product electrophoresis bar Band; Lane 2: 066-4.26.14 light chain variable region electrophoresis band; among them, Figure 8 (A) shows the PCR results of 066-4.26.14 heavy chain variable region; Figure 8 (B) shows 066-4.26. 14 PCR results of light chain variable region;
  • Figure 9 shows the detection of purified mouse-human chimeric antibody 066-4.26.14-chAb by SDS-PAGE electrophoresis; lane M: protein molecular weight marker; lane 1: non-reducing electrophoresis of mouse-human chimeric antibody 066-4.26.14-chAb; lane 2: Mouse-human chimeric antibody 066-4.26.14-chAb reduction electrophoresis; Figure 9 (A) shows the mouse-human chimeric antibody 066-4.26.14-chAb non-reduction electrophoresis result; Figure 9 (B) shows mouse-human Chimeric antibody 066-4.26.14-chAb reduction electrophoresis results;
  • Figure 10 shows the SDS-PAGE electrophoresis detection of purified relative humanized candidate antibodies
  • lane M protein molecular weight marker
  • Figure 10(B) lanes 1-6 are humanized antibodies 066-4.26.14H2L2, respectively 066-4.26.14H2L3, 066-4.26.14H4L2, 066-4.26.14H5L1, 066-4.26.14H5L2, 066-4.26.14H5L3 reduction electrophoresis;
  • Figure 11 shows the detection of the inhibition of A ⁇ polymerization by humanized A ⁇ antibody; the abscissa is different sample groups, and the ordinate is the relative fluorescence intensity.
  • the humanized antibody of 066-4.26.14 can inhibit A ⁇ polymerization;
  • Figure 12 shows the detection of the cytotoxic protective activity of humanized A ⁇ antibody; the abscissa is different sample groups, and the ordinate is the relative value of LDH release.
  • the humanized candidate antibodies of 066-4.26.14 all have cytotoxic protective effect, and the protective effect is similar 066-P02 is equivalent, of which 066-4.26.14H5L2 performs best.
  • the present invention discloses a humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody and its application. Those skilled in the art can learn from the content of this article and appropriately improve the process parameters. It should be particularly pointed out that all similar replacements and modifications are obvious to those skilled in the art, and they are all deemed to be included in the present invention.
  • the method and application of the present invention have been described through the preferred embodiments. It is obvious that relevant persons can make changes or appropriate changes and combinations to the methods and applications described herein without departing from the content, spirit and scope of the present invention to achieve and Apply the technology of the present invention.
  • the humanized anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody provided by the present invention and the raw materials and reagents used in its application can be purchased from the market.
  • a ⁇ 1-42 , A ⁇ 1-16 , and A ⁇ 14-29 peptides were synthesized by Gill Biochemical (Shanghai) Co., Ltd.
  • the amino acid sequence of A ⁇ 1-42 polypeptide is: DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGAIIGLMVGGVVIA (SEQ ID: 35)
  • the amino acid sequence of A ⁇ 1-1 6 polypeptide is: DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQK (SEQ ID: 36)
  • the amino acid sequence of A ⁇ 14-29 polypeptide is: HQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGA (SEQ ID: 37) .
  • a ⁇ 1-42 monomer (abbreviated as A ⁇ monomer): Add 1ml of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) to 1mg of A ⁇ 1-42 polypeptide dry powder, vortex for 1 min, and ultrasonicate in a water bath for 1-5 min until completely dissolved; Place in 37°C, 200rpm shaking incubator for 1.5h; use a vacuum rotary dryer to volatilize hexafluoroisopropanol; add 192 ⁇ l of anhydrous dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) to the dried A ⁇ 1-42 peptide to dissolve Peptide, then add 27 ⁇ l 20 ⁇ PBS solution, 54 ⁇ l 2% SDS, 267 ⁇ l ddH 2 O, mix well, dispense in small amounts, store in the refrigerator at -80°C, it is A ⁇ 1-42 monomer; by SDS-PAGE and WB (using a positive antibody 066-P02 that specifically recognizes A ⁇ 1-42 polymer for hybridization detection)
  • a ⁇ 1-42 polymer mixture (abbreviated as A ⁇ polymer mixture) preparation method: add 1ml of hexafluoroisopropanol (HFIP) to 1mg A ⁇ 1-42 polypeptide dry powder, vortex for 1 min, and ultrasonicate in water bath for 1-5 min to complete Dissolve; place in 37°C, 200rpm shaking incubator and shake for 1.5h; use a vacuum rotary dryer to volatilize hexafluoroisopropanol; add 192 ⁇ l DMSO to the dried A ⁇ 1-42 peptide to dissolve the peptide, and then add 27 ⁇ l 20 ⁇ PBS solution, 54 ⁇ l 2% SDS, 267 ⁇ l ddH 2 O, mix well, place in 37°C water bath for 18-24h; add 1.62ml ddH 2 O to it, mix well, and place in 37°C water bath for 18-24h; use 10KDa Replace the buffer solution in the ultrafiltration concentrated tube into PBS, aliquot in a small amount, and store
  • PGS003-hIgG1CH and pGS003-hIgKCL were selected as the expression vectors for constructing the heavy and light chains of anti-human A ⁇ -positive antibodies (066-P01: Solanezumab, Elilily, 066-P02: Aducanumab, Biogen), respectively.
  • the positive antibody VH and VL genes were cloned into pGS003-hIgG1CH and pGS003-hIgKCL using restriction enzyme digestion method to obtain the heavy and light chain transient expression vectors pGS003-066-P02VH-hIgG1CH and pGS003. -066-P02VL-hIgKCL.
  • the amino acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region of the 066-P01 positive antibody is as follows (SEQ ID: 38):
  • amino acid sequence of the light chain variable region of the 066-P01 positive antibody is as follows (SEQ ID: 39):
  • amino acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region of the 066-P02 positive antibody is as follows (SEQ ID: 40):
  • amino acid sequence of the light chain variable region of the 066-P02 positive antibody is as follows (SEQ ID: 41):
  • pGS003-066-P02VH-hIgG1CH and pGS003-066-P02VL-hIgKCL were transiently expressed.
  • FreeStyle TM 293E cells were used for transient expression in Freestyle medium. Twenty-four hours before transfection, 30 ml of 0.5 ⁇ 10 6 cells/ml 293E cells were inoculated in a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and cultured on a shaker at 130 rpm in a 37° C. 5% CO 2 incubator. During transfection, first take 60 microliters of 293E Fectin and add it to 1ml of Opti-MEM, mix well, and incubate at room temperature for 5 minutes; meanwhile, the total plasmid DNA of the recombinant vector is 30 ⁇ g, dissolved in 1ml of Opti-MEM.
  • the plasmid DNA and 293E Fectin were mixed thoroughly, with a total volume of 2 ml, incubated at room temperature for 15 minutes, and then all the mixture was added to the cell culture wells, mixed, and incubated at 37°C in a 5% CO 2 incubator at 130 rpm on a shaker for 7 days.
  • the culture broth is centrifuged at a high speed and the supernatant is taken for vacuum filtration with a microporous membrane.
  • Protein A column Protein Purification Liquid Chromatography System/AKTA Purifier 10, GE
  • nickel column was used for purification to obtain purified positive antibodies 066-P01 and 066-P02. As shown in Figure 2.
  • mice were immunized for the first time after complete emulsification.
  • Each mouse was intraperitoneally injected with 200 ⁇ g antigen to immunize 3 groups of mice, 5 mice in each group.
  • mice were given a second intraperitoneal immunization, using Freund's incomplete adjuvant, and the dose of immune antigen was the same for the first immunization. After that, mice were immunized intraperitoneally twice a month with the same adjuvant and antigen dosages as the second immunization.
  • mice used for fusion were boosted.
  • spleen cells Take 2 mice after booster immunization, collect immune serum and sacrifice them and soak them in 75% alcohol for 2-3 minutes. Cut the skin and peritoneum on the side of the abdomen of the immunized mice to expose the spleen. The spleen is obtained by removing the surrounding tissues with a scissors tip, grinding with a grinding rod, and filtering through a cell sieve to prepare a single cell suspension. Discard the supernatant after centrifugation,
  • Pre-treatment of cell fusion Collect P3X63Ag8.653 in the culture flask, centrifuge at 1000rpm/5min, discard the supernatant, resuspend and count live myeloma cells. Centrifuge the spleen cell suspension to discard the supernatant, add ACK lysate, centrifuge and discard the supernatant after incubation to remove red blood cells, resuspend in DMED and count the viable spleen cells.
  • ECF electroporation solution
  • HA medium selection prepare AT selection medium containing 1/2 HA, 1 ⁇ penicillin-streptomycin, 20% fetal bovine serum and 80% DMEM medium. Resuspend mouse hybridoma cells in the above 1/2HA selection medium and mix thoroughly. Add the cell suspension to a 96-well cell culture plate at 200 ⁇ l/well, 1 ⁇ 10 6 spleen cells/plate, and place it in a cell culture incubator at 37°C. After 1 week of culture, the 1/2HA medium was used for the first medium change and placed in a 37°C cell incubator to continue the culture. After 3 days of culture, the 1/2HA medium was used for the second medium change.
  • the cell supernatant was taken for an ELISA experiment to detect the binding of the cell supernatant to human A ⁇ 1-42 , and after the cells with a positive ELISA result were screened out, the second ELISA experiment was retested. Take the cell supernatant with positive retest results for subcloning and expansion.
  • the cell strains tested positive by ELISA were transferred from 96 wells to 24 wells for culture, and then transferred to 25 cm 2 culture flasks for culture after they were full.
  • Blocking After washing the plate once with PBST, block with 1% BSA, 200 ⁇ l per well, and incubate for 1 hour at room temperature.
  • mice candidate antibody After washing the plate three times with PBST, add mouse candidate antibody, 50 ⁇ l/well, and incubate at room temperature for 2 hours.
  • Stop Add stop solution directly to stop the reaction, 50 ⁇ l per well.
  • Detection Immediately after terminating the reaction, put the microtiter plate into the microplate reader, measure the OD value at 450nm, and save the original data.
  • the heavy chain constant region of the antibody 066-4.26.14 is murine IgG2a
  • the light chain constant region is the constant region of the murine kappa chain.
  • cryopreservation solution 90% fetal bovine serum, 10% DMSO.
  • the prepared hybridoma cell line was resuscitated by resuscitating the DMEM medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum and 1% penicillin and culturing it in a vial. After the cell confluence was about 90%, the subculture was carried out. , Expand the culture to a total of about 200ml of cell culture supernatant, collect the supernatant, centrifuge and filter for purification.
  • Example 4 Anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody promotes macrophage phagocytosis of A ⁇ activity detection
  • Mouse primary peritoneal macrophages that were in good condition for 3 days were digested with 0.25% trypsin and counted.
  • the cell density was adjusted to 2 ⁇ 10 5 /ml with DMEM medium (Gibco) containing 10% fetal bovine serum.
  • the fluorescence intensity of the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-5.4.1 group was 650,000
  • the fluorescence intensity of the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-7.17.2 group was 600,000. It can be seen that the 066-5.4.1, 066-7.17.2 anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody has the activity of promoting A ⁇ phagocytosis by macrophages.
  • IC100 a working solution
  • Discard the medium in the culture plate first add 50 ⁇ l of antibody diluent, then 50 ⁇ l of A ⁇ diluent, set up multiple wells; incubate in a 5% CO 2 incubator at 37°C for 48 hours; take 50 ⁇ l of supernatant and add it to a new 96-well plate , Then add 50 ⁇ l LDH assay buffer, protect it from light at room temperature for 30min, add 50 ⁇ l stop solution, and detect the absorbance with a multifunctional microplate reader.
  • the abscissa is for different sample addition groups, and the ordinate is the relative value of LDH release. The results are shown in Figure 5.
  • the relative value of LDH release in the vehicle group was 1.0
  • the relative fluorescence intensity of the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-4.26.14 group was 1.2
  • the relative value of LDH release in the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-5.4.1 group was 1.37
  • the relative value of LDH release of anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-6.1.1 group was 1.43
  • the relative value of LDH release of anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-6.1.3 group was 1.35
  • the relative value of LDH release was 1.34
  • the relative value of LDH release of the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-6.7.2 group was 1.44
  • the relative value of LDH release of the positive control antibody 066-P02 group was 1.26 (A) and 1.53 (B).
  • 066-4.26.14, 066-5.4.1, 066-6.1.1, 066-6.1.3, 066-6.2.1, 066-6.7.2, 066-7.17.2 antibodies all have cytotoxicity protection , And the protective effect is equivalent to that of 066-P02.
  • mice 3 ⁇ Tg mice were purchased from Beijing Weitonglihua Experimental Animal Technology Co., Ltd. and entrusted to raise them by the Experimental Animal Center of Jilin University School of Medicine.
  • the grouping situation is as follows:
  • antibody 066-4.26.14 treatment group antibody 066-5.4.1 treatment group
  • antibody 066-7.17.2 treatment group 3 ⁇ Tg blank control group
  • wild-type PBS injection group positive antibody 066- P02 control group, 8 in each group.
  • the specially designed water maze is mainly composed of a cylindrical pool and a movable platform.
  • the pool is 45cm in height, 100cm in diameter, 9cm in diameter on the platform, and adjustable in height from 15-40cm.
  • the sky above the pool is connected to a computer through a digital camera.
  • mice In the 8th week, training was started on the 3rd day after the administration. The experiment lasted for 5 days (water maze-Hidden platform test), 4 times a day. When the mouse enters the water, it faces the wall of the pool and is gently put into the water. Five trainings (experiments) a day are carried out randomly in areas outside the platform quadrants, and the first two days of the experiment are used as exercises. If the mouse finds the platform within 60 seconds, let it stay on the platform for 15 seconds. If the mouse cannot find the platform within 60 seconds (the incubation period is recorded as 60 seconds), the experimenter will guide it to the platform and stay on the platform for 15 seconds . The average of the mice's four incubation periods is taken as the mice's daily performance.
  • the time (escape latency) for all antibody administration groups compared with the 3 ⁇ Tg blank group to find a hidden platform under the water was significantly shortened, which was statistically significant.
  • the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-7.17.2 group needed 18s to escape the incubation period
  • the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-4.26.14 group needed 27s to escape the incubation period
  • the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibody 066-5.4 The time required to escape the incubation period in the .1 group was 30s, and the time required to escape the incubation period in the blank control group was 39s.
  • the incubation period of the control 3 ⁇ Tg blank group was significantly shortened in the 066-7.17.2 and 066-4.26.14 administration groups, which was statistically significant. significance. It can be seen that the anti-A ⁇ monoclonal antibodies 066-7.17.2 and 066-4.26.14 have a certain effect on improving the cognitive, learning and memory abilities of Alzheimer's dementia model mice.
  • the 066-4.26.14 monoclonal antibody cell line was selected for total RNA extraction based on the experimental results of binding epitope, inhibition of A ⁇ polymerization detection, cytotoxicity protection activity detection, Morris water maze, etc. Transcribed into cDNA, and then PCR amplifies the variable regions of the heavy and light chains of the antibody using cDNA as a template.
  • Takara's 5'RACE FULL kit (D315) was used, using total RNA as the template, the random primers in the kit were reverse-transcribed into the first strand cDNA, and then the heavy chain was designed with the constant region primer mIgGR(5'- CTCAGGGAARTARCCYTTGAC-3', SEQ ID NO: 42) and the linker primers in the kit for PCR amplification, the light chain uses the constant region design primer mIgKR (5'-TCACTGCCATCAATCTTCCAC-3', SEQ ID NO: 43) and the kit The adaptor primers were amplified by PCR, and the results are shown in Figure 8.
  • the PCR fragment was recovered by the agarose gel recovery kit for TA cloning, and then a single clone was picked for PCR identification.
  • the identified primers were M13F (5'-TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT-3', SEQ ID NO: 44) and M13R (5'-CAGGAAACAGCTATGACC-3') , SEQ ID NO: 45), select some samples from the correct strains to be sent to Invitrogen for sequencing.
  • nucleotide sequence of the heavy chain variable region was SEQ ID NO: 46
  • nucleotide sequence of the light chain variable region was SEQ ID NO: 47
  • amino acid sequence of the heavy chain variable region was SEQ ID NO: 48
  • the light chain The amino acid sequence of the variable region is SEQ ID NO: 49, see Table 3.
  • the nucleotide sequence of the variable region of the heavy chain of the 066-4.26.14 antibody is as follows (SEQ ID NO: 46):
  • the nucleotide sequence of the variable region of the light chain of the 066-4.26.14 antibody is as follows (SEQ ID NO: 47):
  • the amino acid sequence of the variable region of the heavy chain of the 066-4.26.14 antibody is as follows (SEQ ID NO: 48):
  • the amino acid sequence of the variable region of the light chain of the 066-4.26.14 antibody is as follows (SEQ ID NO: 49):
  • the pGS003-hIgG1CH and pGS003-hIgKCL were selected as the expression vectors for constructing the heavy chain and light chain of the anti-human A ⁇ mouse-human chimeric antibody, respectively.
  • the VH and VL mouse antibody genes were cloned into pGS003-hIgG1CH and pGS003-hIgKCL by restriction enzyme ligation to obtain mouse-human chimeric antibodies
  • amino acid sequence of the heavy chain of the 066-4.26.14 mouse-human chimeric antibody is as follows (SEQ ID NO: 50):
  • amino acid sequence of the light chain of the 066-4.26.14 mouse-human chimeric antibody is as follows (SEQ ID NO: 51):
  • pGS003-066-4.26.14-chAbVH-hIgG4CH and pGS003-066-4.26.14-chAbVL-hIgKCL were transiently expressed.
  • FreeStyle TM 293E cells were used for transient expression in Freestyle medium. Twenty-four hours before transfection, 30 ml of 0.5 ⁇ 10 6 cells/ml 293E cells were inoculated in a 125 ml Erlenmeyer flask, and cultured on a shaker at 130 rpm in a 37° C. 5% CO 2 incubator. During transfection, first take 60 microliters of 293E Fectin and add it to 1ml of Opti-MEM, mix well, and incubate at room temperature for 5 minutes; meanwhile, the total plasmid DNA of the recombinant vector is 30 ⁇ g, dissolved in 1ml of Opti-MEM.
  • the plasmid DNA and 293E Fectin were mixed thoroughly, with a total volume of 2ml, incubated at room temperature for 15 minutes, then all the mixture was added to the cell culture wells, mixed well, and incubated in a 37°C 5% CO 2 incubator with a 130 rpm shaker for 7 days.
  • the culture broth is centrifuged at a high speed and the supernatant is taken for vacuum filtration with a microporous membrane.
  • Protein A column Protein Purification Liquid Chromatography System/AKTA Purifier 10, GE
  • nickel column was used for purification to obtain the purified mouse-human chimeric antibody 066-4.26.14-chAb, as shown in Figure 9.
  • the mouse antibody 066-4.26.14 was selected for humanization.
  • the humanization process includes mainly human template search and transplantation.
  • the main goal of humanization is the FR sequence in the variable region.
  • sequence alignment was carried out on the NCBI website, and 5 humanized reference sequences were found, which were used as reference templates for the humanization of antibody FR regions. Modification sequence.
  • the specific sequence of the CDR region is shown in Table 4, and the sequence of the humanized antibody after transplantation of the retained FR region is shown in Table 5.
  • the pGS003-hIgG1CH and pGS003-hIgKCL were selected as the expression vectors for constructing the heavy chain and light chain of the anti-human A ⁇ full-length antibody, respectively.
  • the humanized antibody sequence of 066-4.26.14 was codon optimized. After PCR amplification, the heavy chain was digested with Hind III and Nhe I, and the light chain was digested with Hind III and Nar I. Then 5 VH and 5 VL antibody genes were cloned into pGS003-hIgG1CH and pGS003-hIgKCL respectively, as shown in Table 6. After sequencing to identify the correct insertion of the antibody gene, the recombinant expression vector was transformed into E.
  • coli TOP10F' a single colony was picked and inoculated in LB medium containing 100 ⁇ g/ml ampicillin, and cultured with shaking at 37°C for 16 hours.
  • OD 260/280 is a relatively pure plasmid DNA between 1.8 and 1.9.
  • Heavy chain expression vector name Light chain expression vector name H1 L1 H2 L2 H3 L3 H4 L4 H5 L5
  • the 5 heavy chain expression vectors and 5 light chain expression vectors of the above 066-4.26.14 were combined in pairs (a total of 25 combinations), and then the transient transfection expression evaluation of 2ml 293E system was performed, and the expression level of 25 combinations was performed And ELISA value evaluation.
  • the specific values are shown in Table 7.
  • the 6 full-length antibodies are preferably 066-4.26.14-H2L2, 066-4.26.14-H2L3, 066-4.26.14-H4L2, 066-4.26.14 -H5L1, 066-4.26.14-H5L2, 066-4.26.14-H5L3.
  • Table 7 The expression level and EC50 detection value of the transient transfection expression of the 066-4.26.14 humanized 5 ⁇ 5 combined full-length antibody small system
  • 293E was used for transient transfection and expression of 6 candidate antibodies in Freestyle medium. 24 hours before transfection, inoculate 300 ml of 293E cells with 0.5 ⁇ 10 6 cells/ml in a 1L cell culture flask, and culture in a 37°C 5% CO 2 incubator with a shaker at 120 rpm. During transfection, first add 300 ⁇ l of 293fectin to 5.7ml of Opti-MEM, mix well, and incubate at room temperature for 2 minutes; meanwhile, 300 ⁇ g of heavy chain and light chain expression plasmids were diluted to 6ml with Opti-MEM.
  • the above-mentioned diluted transfection reagents and plasmids were thoroughly mixed, incubated at room temperature for 15 minutes, and then all the mixtures were added to the cells, mixed, and incubated in a 37°C 5% CO 2 incubator with a shaker at 120 rpm for 7 days.
  • the cell culture medium was centrifuged at 2000g for 20min, the supernatant was collected, and the antibody expression in the supernatant was detected by Octet, as shown in Table 8.
  • the supernatant was filtered with a 0.22 micron filter membrane, and then passed through a MabSelect SuRe affinity chromatography column (GE), 20mM citric acid-sodium citrate, pH 3.0 eluted, adjusted to neutral pH with 1M Tris base, and added Adjust 10 ⁇ PBS to an isotonic solution.
  • the purified protein was detected by SDS-PAGE with 4-20% gradient gel (Nanjing GenScript Biotechnology Co., Ltd.). The results are shown in Figure 10 below.
  • Blocking After washing the plate three times with PBST, block it with 3% BSA, 200 ⁇ l per well, and incubate at 25°C for 1 hour.
  • Sample Preparation Take each candidate antibody and the humanized chimeric antibody, two fold dilution (20 ⁇ 2-11) for at 10 ⁇ g / ml as initial concentration and incubated 1h 50 ⁇ l / hole, 25 °C.
  • Stop Add stop solution directly to stop the reaction, 50 ⁇ l per well.
  • Detection Immediately after terminating the reaction, put the microtiter plate into the microplate reader, measure the OD value at 450nm, and save the original data.
  • Use Biacore-T200 to detect, use ProteinA chip to capture candidate antibodies or positive antibodies, use different concentrations of human A ⁇ antigen to flow through the chip, and perform fitting analysis based on the collected data. Dilute the antigen sample to 400nmol/L, 200nmol/L, 100nmol/L, 50nmol/L, 25nmol/L, 12.5nmol/L, 6.25nmol/L, 3.125 by the 2-fold concentration gradient dilution method using HBS-EP+Buffer nmol/L, 1.56nmol/L, 0.78nmol/L, 0nmol/L concentration gradient solution. The sample was tested at a repeated concentration of 25nmol/L.
  • the detection conditions are: capture time 30s; antigen binding time 120s; dissociation time 900s; flow rate 30 ⁇ l/min, regeneration condition is 20mM NaOH solution, flow rate: 30 ⁇ l/min.
  • the specific experimental results are shown in Table 10. It can be seen from the experimental results that, compared to the mouse-human chimeric antibody, the KD value of the humanized antibody can maintain the same level as the mouse antibody.
  • the abscissa is the different sample addition groups, and the ordinate is the relative fluorescence intensity.
  • the results are shown in Figure 11.
  • the relative fluorescence intensity of hIgG was 1.00
  • the relative fluorescence intensity of the 066-4.26.14-mAb group was 0.70
  • the relative fluorescence intensity of the 066-4.26.14-chAb group was 0.71
  • the relative fluorescence intensity of the 066-4.26.14H2L2 group was 0.62
  • the relative fluorescence intensity of the 066-4.26.14H2L3 group is 0.67
  • the relative fluorescence intensity of the 066-4.26.14H4L2 group is 0.70
  • the relative fluorescence intensity of the 066-4.26.14H5L1 group is 0.68
  • the relative fluorescence intensity of the 066-4.26.14H5L2 group The relative fluorescence intensity of the group 066-4.26.14H5L3 is 0.78. It can be seen that the humanized antibody of 066-4.26.14
  • EMEM medium ATCC
  • EMEM medium with 1% fetal bovine serum was diluted with 066-4.26.14 humanized candidate antibody to 200 ⁇ g/ml (IC100), as a working solution, A ⁇ was diluted to 240 ⁇ g/ml.
  • the relative value of LDH release of hIgG is 1.00, the relative value of LDH release of the 066-P02 group is 1.26, the relative value of LDH release of the 066-4.26.14-mAb group is 1.20, and the relative value of LDH release of the 066-4.26.14-chAb group is 1.32, the relative value of LDH release of group 066-4.26.14H2L2 was 1.41, the relative value of LDH release of group 066-4.26.14H2L3 was 1.42, the relative value of LDH release of group 066-4.26.14H4L2 was 1.30, and the relative value of LDH release of group 066-4.26.14H5L1 The relative value of LDH release was 1.37, the relative value of LDH release of the 066-4.26.14H5L2 group was 1.26, and the relative value of LDH release of the 066-4.26.14H5L3 group was 1.41. It can be seen that the humanized candidate antibodies of 066-4.26.14 all have a

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Abstract

提供了人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用。提供的人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体能够抑制Aβ单体聚合，保护神经细胞免受Aβ的毒性，有一定的改善阿尔茨海默痴呆模型小鼠认知学习记忆能力的作用，可用于治疗和诊断淀粉样变性相关的疾病和病症，如阿尔茨海默病。

Description

人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用
本申请要求于2019年02月01日提交中国专利局、申请号为201910104326.1、发明名称为“人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本发明涉及抗体药物技术领域，尤其涉及人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用。
背景技术
Aβ
β淀粉样蛋白(Aβ)由人的第21号染色体基因编码，包含39-43个氨基酸，呈β-片层结构，疏水，分子量为4KDa。Aβ来源于蛋白淀粉样蛋白前体(Amyloid precursor protein，APP)经蛋白水解酶作用后断裂产生的残基多肽。APP可以被α-，β-，γ-蛋白酶分解，分解后的产物具有不同的生物学功能。其中β-蛋白酶和γ-蛋白酶的连续作用产生Aβ。γ-蛋白酶产生Aβ的C端，切断在APP跨膜区然后可以产生大量39-43个氨基酸的残基亚型。所有残基亚型中最常见的是Aβ40和Aβ42。前者是典型的APP在内质网被切断所形成的，而后者是在跨高尔基网络内形成的。
Aβ的病理学机制
目前已知中枢神经系统(CNS)中所有神经细胞包括神经元、星形细胞、小胶质细胞和内皮细胞均可表达APP并产生Aβ。在正常生理条件下，APP由α-分泌酶水解产生可溶性的sAPPα片段。该片段包含APP的胞外区以及位于胞膜上的83个氨基酸的C末端。sAPPα能够调节神经元的兴奋性，提高突触的可塑性，学习和记忆能力，并增强神经元对氧化和代谢应激的抵抗力。在神经病理的条件下，APP首先被β-分泌酶1(BACE)水解，产生sAPPβ片段和一段细胞膜连接的99个氨基酸的肽段(C99)。随后，C99肽段经由γ-分泌酶作用，产生Aβ。不同于sAPPα，Aβ可以引起神经突触功能的丧失，降低神经元的可塑性，改变细胞能量代谢，诱导 氧化应激反应以及线粒体的功能紊乱，从而造成细胞内钙离子的失衡。Aβ，尤其是Aβ42的形成，聚集和沉积可以引发神经毒性和神经退行性疾病，也是阿尔茨海默病(AD)发病机制中的重要一环。
Aβ与阿尔茨海默病(AD)
Aβ作为阿尔茨默海病脑内主要病理标志性蛋白之一，它的形成、沉积和降解贯穿了AD的整个病理过程。Aβ分为可溶性的和不可溶性的两种，可溶性的Aβ本身并无神经毒性，当β-折叠形成丝状纤维聚集物变为不溶性沉淀后则具有神经细胞毒性作用，人Aβ的一级结构是神经细胞毒性作用的决定因素。根据文献报道，Aβ的神经毒性主要体现在以下4个方面：胆碱性神经元损伤、神经细胞凋亡、过氧化损伤和炎性反应。
胆碱性神经元损伤
向海马区与皮质投射的基底前区胆碱能系统神经元及神经突触的大量损伤、丧失是AD患者记忆、认知能力减退的主要原因。Aβ激活蛋白激酶GSK-3/糖原合成酶激酶-3β，引起tau蛋白及线粒体丙酮酸脱氢酶磷酸化，使酶活性降低，致丙酮酸转化为乙酰辅酶A(actyl coenzyme A)减少，从而使乙酰胆碱(ACh)合成减少，琥珀酸脱氢酶抑制，供能减少，造成胆碱能神经元及突触损伤、退变、递质传递障碍，胆碱能系统活性下降。而ACh的减少又导致Aβ的产生增多，进而形成恶性循环。
神经细胞凋亡
AD的主要发病特征是皮质和海马区神经元数量的减少。Aβ聚集成β-片层折叠结构时神经毒性明显增强，可诱导神经细胞凋亡。这是AD中选择性神经元和突触缺乏的重要原因。纤维状聚集的Aβ与APP等跨膜受体在细胞表面通过分泌途径相互作用、交联，导致信号传导通路的抑制与反常激活，从而启动神经细胞死亡程序。Aβ致内环境中Ca2+失衡刺激NMDA受体或者通过自由基的损伤作用导致膜通透性改变，致Ca2+内流引起谷氨酸受体激活，使谷氨酸能神经元过度兴奋而死亡。另外，Aβ也可导致NO合成增加引起神经细胞凋亡。
过氧化损伤
Aβ可通过多种途径引起氧化应激。Aβ诱发自由基增加引起氧化应激 是重要原因。Aβ的毒性是通过H2O2介导的,Aβ通过进展性糖基化终产物受体(receptor of advanced glycation endoproduct，RAGE)增加体内H 2O 2的累积，产生氧化损伤，引起细胞死亡。此外，氧应激使小胶质细胞增殖，顺Aβ浓度梯度迁移，导致老年斑周围小胶质细胞聚集，形成神经炎斑，产生更多活性氧自由基。Aβ还可以增加脂质过氧化，H2O2不但是羟自由基的来源，而且增加快反应转录核因子(Nuclear Factor κB，NF-κB)蛋白的异常表达，产生神经细胞膜损伤，导致神经元变性。
炎性反应
AD患者脑内有炎性反应。在斑块和神经元纤维缠结周围有胶质细胞增生，Aβ可刺激释放一系列具有强烈神经毒性的炎性蛋白，如Aβ激活星形胶质细胞和小胶质细胞释放炎症细胞因子。如NO、白细胞介素-1(IL-1，IL-1能使细胞骨架蛋白-神经丝蛋白生成异常，损害神经元的功能)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6，IL-6增加ADP的过高基因表达。促进Aβ形成，Aβ又可诱导小胶质细胞IL-6的表达，形成AD免疫病理过程中的恶性循环)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α，TNF-α通过CNS最主要的载脂蛋白ApoE参与AD的病理过程)、γ-干扰素(γ-IFN)，β-抗胰蛋白酶(ACT)、补体C1、C3及趋化因子、黏附因子等。诸多炎性因子诱导炎症反应，促进自由基生成、氧化应激，使神经细胞变性、坏死。
针对Aβ靶点介入的药物及治疗机理
基于如上所述，Aβ对神经元的毒性是造成AD发生的重要因素。因此，通过抑制Aβ产生和加速其清除将能够终止AD疾病进程并缓解疾病症状。目前正在开发并应用在临床上的药物，也都是基于Aβ的产生和清除机理，包括以下几个部分：
1.抑制β-和γ-分泌酶
β-分泌酶水解APP是淀粉样蛋白产生的初始阶段。抑制β-分泌酶的活性虽然能够抑制Aβ的产生，但是却能够造成较大的副作用。因为除了APP之外，β-分泌酶还有众多的底物，而这些底物的水解对于神经系统内神经元和突触的可塑性具有重要的作用。临床上β-分泌酶的抑制剂，如E2609(clinical trial ID#NCT01600859)，MK-8931(NCT01739348)和 LY2886721(NCT01807026，NCT01561430)都能够将人脑脊液中的Aβ水平减低80-90％，但是目前仍没有任何的β-分泌酶抑制剂上市。
γ-分泌酶水解APP是产生淀粉样蛋白的最后一个步骤，直接产生Aβ40和Aβ42片段。因此，抑制γ-分泌酶也被认为可以有效地抑制Aβ的产生，从而达到治疗AD的目的。然而，γ-分泌酶除了水解APP外，也水解其它底物蛋白，包括Notch蛋白。Notch蛋白对细胞增殖，分化和细胞间信号传导有重要意义。Semagacestat(LY450139)作为γ-分泌酶抑制剂，曾进行了3000人的临床试验(NCT00762411，NCT01035138，NCT00762411)。试验结果表明，应试者的认知非但没有得到改善，反而有所恶化，并且伴随有体重减轻，皮肤癌概率上升和高感染风险的副作用。其它γ-分泌酶的抑制剂，比如Avagacestat，也在临床实验(NCT00810147，NCT00890890，NCT00810147，NCT01079819)中失败。选择性的γ-分泌酶调节剂(SGSM)在理论上可以避免因γ-分泌酶被全部抑制产生的副作用，只抑制APP的水解途径而不干扰其它信号通道，比如Notch蛋白的水解。一些非固醇类抗炎药物，比如布洛芬、舒林酸、吲哚美辛和氟比洛芬可以调节γ-分泌酶的水平，并且在体内外活性实验中可以降低Aβ42的水平。虽然该类药物曾显示出能够缓解轻度认知障碍并可以降低脑脊液中炎性因子的水平，但是长期使用非固醇类抗炎药治疗AD仍需在临床上进行验证。
2.抑制Aβ的聚集
抑制老年斑的产生可以通过干扰或拮抗Aβ的聚集达成。如3-氨基-1-丙烷磺酸(3-APS,Alzhemed，tramiprosate)就是通过干扰可容性Aβ和内生氨基葡聚糖的相互作用，后者能够促进Aβ淀粉状纤维的形成和沉淀，从而抑制Aβ的聚集。但是3-APS的III期临床试验结果并不理想，从而导致试验中止。其它抗Aβ聚集的药物也都在II期和III期临床上失败，包括Colostrinin，其在体外试验上可以抑制Aβ聚集并且中和Aβ的神经毒性，在体内试验中也可以提高小鼠的认知能力，但在临床II期试验中并没有取得满意的结果。Scyllo-inositol(ELND005)是一种口服的抗Aβ聚集的药物，小鼠实验显示Scyllo-inositol可以降低Aβ的毒性，但在为 期18个月，针对轻中度AD患者的II期临床实验中并没有取得预期的效果。
3.促进Aβ沉积和聚合物的清除
Aβ沉积和聚合物的清除主要有三个途径：激活淀粉样斑块降解酶的活性；调节Aβ在脑和外周循环中的运输和抗Aβ的免疫疗法。
Aβ的沉积和聚合物可以被多种蛋白水解酶降解，包括纤溶酶，内皮素转换酶,血管紧张素转换酶，金属蛋白酶等。这些酶类在AD患者脑内水平较低，但由于作用于这些酶类缺乏特异性，使得目前没有该类药物进入临床。
Aβ在中枢神经系统和外周循环系统之间的运输由载脂蛋白进行调节。低密度脂蛋白受体相关蛋白(LRP-1)能够促进Aβ由脑流入血液。晚期糖基化终产物受体(RAGE)可以协助Aβ通过血脑屏障。这种治疗机制就是通过限制Aβ进入外周循环，从而达到降低脑内淀粉样蛋白负荷的目的。目前为止，只有RAGE的抑制剂/调节剂进入了临床试验，包括PF-0449470052和TTP4000，前者在II期临床上失败，而后者也并没有可靠的数据表明在I期临床实验中取得预期的结果。
抗Aβ抗体可以中和Aβ的毒性，并在能够提高转基因动物的认知，抗Aβ抗体目前已经成为了AD治疗的热门。抗Aβ抗体主要针对AD的早期治疗，以及轻中度的AD治疗。这也和Aβ的致病机制有关，一旦神经元受到伤害，则很难再进行逆转和修复，因此早期Aβ的清除能够更有效的治疗和缓解AD。
4.正在进行临床试验的Aβ靶点抗体
目前有15个正在进行临床试验的抗Aβ抗体的药物，比较来说，Aducanumab，Gantenerumab和Solanezumab的进展较快，已经进入III期临床，正如机理所诉，各公司都将适应症定位在轻度老年痴呆。
虽然目前对治疗和预防阿尔茨海默病领域已经具备一定理论知识，但仍需改善治疗和/或预防该病的组合物和方法，存在对于能够靶向Aβ的抗体和治疗的需要。尽管已经获得了一些在治疗上有很大优势的人源化单克隆抗体，但是筛选出具有所需性质和功能的人源化单克隆抗体绝非易 事，现实中依然存在对这类人源化单克隆抗体的迫切需求。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明要解决的技术问题在于提供人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用。并提供编码该单克隆抗体的核苷酸的载体、宿主细胞及其用途。由本发明涉及的抗体基因可变区的序列，可构建全长抗体分子，作为药物用于临床上发挥治疗和诊断淀粉样变性相关的疾病和病症(如阿尔茨海默病)的作用。
为了实现上述发明目的，本发明提供以下技术方案：
本发明提供了人源化抗Aβ的单克隆抗体，
(I)、所述单克隆抗体的重链的三个CDR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:1、2和3所示的氨基酸序列；且(II)、所述单克隆抗体的轻链的三个CDR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:4、5和6所示的氨基酸序列；
或
(III)、(I)或(II)所述氨基酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个氨基酸获得的氨基酸序列，且与(I)或(II)所述氨基酸序列功能相同的氨基酸序列；
进一步的，所述功能为抑制Aβ聚合、改善阿尔茨海默痴呆模型认知学习记忆能力和细胞毒保护活性中的两种或三种功能；
或
(IV)、与(I)、(II)或(III)所述氨基酸序列具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列。
进一步的，本发明所述单克隆抗体的抗原表位为Aβ 30～42。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，本发明提供的人源化抗Aβ的单克隆抗体：
其重链包含三个CDR区，其中至少一个CDR区的氨基酸序列具有如SEQ ID NO:1、2或3所示的氨基酸序列，或者与其具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列；
其轻链包含三个CDR区，其中至少一个CDR区的氨基酸序列具有 如SEQ ID NO:4、5或6所示的氨基酸序列，或者与其具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述单克隆抗体的重链的三个CDR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:1、2和3所示的氨基酸序列；
所述单克隆抗体的轻链的三个CDR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:4、5和6所示的氨基酸序列。
其中，SEQ ID NO:1所示的序列为SYAMS；
SEQ ID NO:2所示的序列为SISTTSNTYYPDSVKG；
SEQ ID NO:3所示的序列为GVITNQAWFAY；
SEQ ID NO:4所示的序列为RASQSISNNLH；
SEQ ID NO:5所示的序列为YASQSIS；
SEQ ID NO:6所示的序列为QQSNSWPLT。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，本发明提供的单克隆抗体，
(V)、所述单克隆抗体的重链的4个FR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:7、8、9和10所示的氨基酸序列；且(VI)、所述单克隆抗体的轻链的4个FR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:11、12、13和14所示的氨基酸序列；
或
(VII)、(V)或(VI)所述氨基酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个氨基酸获得的氨基酸序列，且与(V)或(VI)所述氨基酸序列功能相同的氨基酸序列；
进一步的，所述功能为抑制Aβ聚合、改善阿尔茨海默痴呆模型认知学习记忆能力和细胞毒保护活性中的两种或三种功能；
或
(VIII)、与(V)、(VI)或(VII)所述氨基酸序列具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，其重链包含4个FR区其中至少一个FR区的氨基酸序列具有如SEQ ID NO:7、8、9或10所示的氨基酸序列，或者与其具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列；
其轻链包含4个FR区，其中至少一个FR区的氨基酸序列具有如SEQ ID NO:11、12、13或14所示的氨基酸序列，或者与其具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述单克隆抗体的重链的4个FR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:7、8、9或10所示的氨基酸序列，或者与其具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列；
所述单克隆抗体的轻链的4个FR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:11、12、13或14所示的氨基酸序列，或者与其具有97％以上序列同源性的氨基酸序列。
其中，SEQ ID NO:7所示的序列为EVQLVESGGGLVQPGGSLRLSCVASGFTFR；
SEQ ID NO:8所示的序列为WVRQAPGKGLEWVA；
SEQ ID NO:9所示的序列为RFTTSRDNSKNTVYLQMSSLRAEDTAVYYCGR；
SEQ ID NO:10所示的序列为WGQGTLVTVSS；
SEQ ID NO:11所示的序列为DIVLTQSPATLSVSPGERATLSC；
SEQ ID NO:12所示的序列为WYQQKPGQAPRLLIK；
SEQ ID NO:13所示的序列GIPARFSGSGSGTDFTLTISSLQSEDFAVYFC；
SEQ ID NO:14所示的序列为FGGGTKVEIK。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述的单克隆抗体，
(IX)、其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:15～19中任一项所示的氨基酸序列，且(X)、其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:20～24中任一项所示的氨基酸序列；
或
(XI)、(IX)或(X)所述氨基酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个氨基酸获得的氨基酸序列，且与(IX)或(X)所述氨基酸序列功能相同的氨基酸序列；
进一步的，所述功能为抑制Aβ聚合、改善阿尔茨海默痴呆模型认知 学习记忆能力和细胞毒保护活性中的两种或三种功能；
或
(XII)、与(IX)、(X)或(XI)所述氨基酸序列具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:15～19中任一项所示的氨基酸序列；其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:20～24中任一项所示的氨基酸序列。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体具有：
氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:15,16,17,18,19的重链可变区，和氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:20的轻链可变区；或
氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:15,16,17,18,19的重链可变区，和氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:21的轻链可变区；或
氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:15,16,17,18,19的重链可变区，和氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:22的轻链可变区；或
氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:15,16,17,18,19的重链可变区，和氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:23的轻链可变区；或
氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:15,16,17,18,19的重链可变区，和氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:24的轻链可变区。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述的单克隆抗体，
(XIII)、其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:16所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:21所示的氨基酸序列；
或(XIV)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:16所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:22所示的氨基酸序列；
或(XV)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:18所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:21所示的氨基酸序列；
或(XVI)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:19所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:20所示的氨基酸序列；
或(XVII)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:19所示的氨基酸序列， 其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:21所示的氨基酸序列；
或(XVIII)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:19所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:22所示的氨基酸序列。
本发明中，所述与具有至少97％序列同源性的序列为在原序列的基础上，经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个氨基酸获得的氨基酸序列中，所述多个为2个、3个、4个或5个。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述单克隆抗体还包括恒定区，所述单克隆抗体的重链的恒定区为人IgG1、IgG2、IgG3或IgG4的任意一种；所述单克隆抗体的轻链的恒定区为κ型或λ型。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，本发明提供的抗Aβ的单克隆抗体的重链恒定区为人IgG1，轻链恒定区为人κ链的恒定区。
本发明提供的人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体能够结合人Aβ；在某些实施方案中，抗体与其靶点之间的亲和力用Ka(结合常数)、Kd(解离常数)、KD(平衡解离常数)来表征，本发明提供抗体的KD值不高于36.3nM；本发明提供的人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体可抑制Aβ单体聚合，保护神经细胞免受Aβ的毒性，有一定的改善阿尔茨海默痴呆模型小鼠认知学习记忆能力的作用。
本发明还提供了编码所述的单克隆抗体的核苷酸。
本发明提供了编码所述单克隆抗体重链的核苷酸序列。
本发明提供了编码所述单克隆抗体轻链的核苷酸序列。
本发明提供了编码所述单克隆抗体重链可变区的核苷酸序列。
其中，编码所述单克隆抗体重链可变区的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:25～29所示或为SEQ ID NO:25～29的互补序列。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述核苷酸具有与SEQ ID NO:25～29中任一项所示的核苷酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个核苷酸获得的、且与SEQ ID NO:25～29中任一项所示的核苷酸序列功能相同或相似的核苷酸序列。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述SEQ ID NO:25～29中任一项所示核苷酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个核苷酸获得的核苷酸序 列，所述多个为2个、3个、4个或5个。
本发明提供了编码所述单克隆抗体轻链可变区的核苷酸序列。
其中，编码所述单克隆抗体轻链可变区的核苷酸序列如SEQ ID NO:30～34所示或为SEQ ID NO:30～34的互补序列。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述核苷酸具有与SEQ ID NO:30～34中任一项所示的核苷酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个核苷酸获得的、且与SEQ ID NO:30～34中任一项所示的核苷酸序列功能相同或相似的核苷酸序列。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，所述SEQ ID NO:30～34中任一项所示核苷酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个核苷酸获得的核苷酸序列，所述多个为2个、3个、4个或5个。
本发明提供的表达载体，包括编码所述抗Aβ单克隆抗体的核苷酸。
本发明还提供了转化或转染所述表达载体的宿主细胞。
本发明所述抗Aβ单克隆抗体的制备方法，包括：培养所述宿主细胞、诱导抗Aβ单克隆抗体的表达。
本发明还提供了结合物，包含经化学标记或生物标记的所述的单克隆抗体。
所述化学标记为同位素、免疫毒素和/或化学药物；
所述生物标记为生物素、亲和素或酶标记。
所述酶标记优选为辣根过氧化物酶或碱性磷酸酶。
所述免疫毒素优选为黄曲霉毒素、白喉毒素、绿脓杆菌外毒素、蓖麻毒蛋白、相思子毒蛋白、槲寄生凝集素、蒴莲根毒素、PAP、造草素、白树毒素或丝瓜毒素。
本发明还提供了所述单克隆抗体或其结合物与固体介质或半固体介质偶联制得的偶联物。
所述固体介质或非固体介质选自胶体金、聚苯乙烯平板或珠粒。
本发明还提供了所述的单克隆抗体、所述的结合物和/或所述的偶联物在制备抗认知缺损的作用剂、用于阿尔茨海默氏病的治疗剂、用于阻抑阿尔茨海默氏病进展的作用剂、用于抑制老年斑形成的作用剂、用于阻抑 Aβ积累的作用剂、抗神经毒剂、用于抑制Aβ淀粉状蛋白原纤维形成的作用剂和/或抗突触毒性的作用剂中的应用。
本发明还提供了所述人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体、结合物和/或偶联物在制备防治疾病的药物中的应用；
所述疾病包括淀粉样变性，这是与淀粉状蛋白质相关的疾病和异常，所述淀粉样变性包括继发性淀粉样变性和年龄相关的淀粉样变性，所述疾病包括但不限于神经疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病。
本发明还提供了药物，包括所述人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体、其结合物和/或偶联物。
本发明还提供了疾病的预防和/或治疗方法，给予本发明所述的药物；所述疾病和病症包括淀粉样变性，这是与淀粉状蛋白质相关的疾病和异常，包括继发性淀粉样变性和年龄相关的淀粉样变性，包括但不限于神经疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病。
本发明提供的人源化抗Aβ单抗可抑制Aβ单体聚合，保护神经细胞免受Aβ的毒性，有一定的改善阿尔茨海默痴呆模型小鼠认知学习记忆能力的作用，可用于治疗和诊断淀粉样变性相关的疾病和病症，如阿尔茨海默病。
本发明还提供了所述人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体、结合物和/或偶联物在制备检测Aβ表达的产品中的应用。
实验表明，本发明提供的人源化抗Aβ的单克隆抗体能够与Aβ单体相结合。故而，本发明提供的人源化抗Aβ的单克隆抗体能够用于Aβ单体的检测。
本发明还提供了一种试剂盒，包括所述人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体、其结合物和/或偶联物。
本发明提供的检测Aβ单体或聚合体混合物的试剂盒中，还包括包被缓冲液、洗涤液、封闭液和/或显色液。
所述包被缓冲液为碳酸盐缓冲液。
所述洗涤液中包括PBS、Tween、氯化钠、氯化钾、磷酸氢二钠、磷酸氢二钾。
所述封闭液中包括PBS和BSA。
所述显色液包括TMB溶液、底物缓冲液和终止液。
所述底物缓冲液包括柠檬酸和磷酸氢二钠。
所述终止液为过氧化氢水溶液。
检测表面表达Aβ的细胞的试剂盒中，还包括PBS、羊抗鼠IgG Fc和TITC二抗。
本发明还提供了疾病的诊断方法，以本发明提供的试剂盒检测Aβ表达，根据Aβ的表达量判断是否患有疾病；所述疾病包括淀粉样变性，这是与淀粉状蛋白质相关的疾病和异常，所述淀粉样变性包括继发性淀粉样变性和年龄相关的淀粉样变性，所述疾病包括但不限于神经疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病。
在本发明的一些具体实施方案中，根据Aβ的表达量判断是否患有疾病的标准为：正常人600～1000pg/ml，AD病人200～450pg/ml，检测灵敏度要求<20pg/ml。
除非另有定义，本文使用的所有科技术语具有本领域普通技术人员所理解的相同含义。关于本领域的定义及术语，专业人员具体可参考Current Protocols in Molecular Biology(Ausubel)。氨基酸残基的缩写是本领域中所用的指代20个常用L-氨基酸之一的标准3字母和/或1字母代码。
“抗体”是指由能特异结合抗原的一种或多种多肽构成的蛋白质。抗体的一种形式构成了抗体的基本结构单元。这种形式是四聚物，它由两对完全相同的抗体链构成，每一对都有一个轻链和一个重链。在每对抗体链中，轻链和重链的可变区联合在一起共同负责结合抗原，而恒定区则负责抗体的效应器功能。
抗体重链或轻链的“可变区”是该链的N端成熟区域。目前已知的抗体类型包括κ和λ轻链，以及α，γ(IgG1，IgG2，IgG3，IgG4)，δ，ε和μ重链或它们的其它类型等价物。全长的免疫球蛋白“轻链”(大约25kDa或大约214个氨基酸)包含一个由NH2-末端上大约110个氨基酸形成的可变区，以及一个COOH-末端上的κ或λ恒定区。全长的免疫球蛋白“重链”(大约50kDa或大约446个氨基酸)，同样包含一个可变区(大约116个 氨基酸)，以及重链恒定区之一，例如γ(大约330个氨基酸)。
“抗体”包括任何同型体的抗体或免疫球蛋白，或保持与抗原特异结合的抗体片段，包括但不限于Fab，Fv，scFv和Fd片段、嵌合抗体、人源化抗体、单链抗体以及包含抗体的抗原结合部分和非抗体蛋白质的融合蛋白质。抗体可以被标记和检测，例如，可以通过放射性同位素、能产生可检测物的酶、荧光蛋白质、生物素等等进行标记并被检测。抗体还可以结合于固相载体，包括但不限于聚苯乙烯平板或珠粒等等。
“人源化抗体”是指一种抗体，其包含来源于非人源抗体的CDR区、并且该抗体分子的其他部分来源于一种(或几种)人抗体。而且，为了保留结合亲和力，可以修饰骨架(称为FR)区段的一些残基。
所述“单克隆抗体”系指具有单一分子组成的抗体分子的制备物。单克隆抗体组合物显示出对于特定表位的单一结合特异性和亲和性。
所述药物中含有至少一种功能成分，还包括可药用的载体。优选地，所述可药用载体是水、缓冲水溶液、等渗盐溶液如PBS(磷酸盐缓冲液)、葡萄糖、甘露醇、右旋葡萄糖、乳糖、淀粉、硬脂酸镁、纤维素、碳酸镁、0.3％甘油、透明质酸、乙醇或聚亚烷基二醇如聚丙二醇、甘油三酯等。所用可药用载体的类型尤其依赖于根据本发明的组合物是否配制为用于口服、鼻、皮内、皮下、肌内或静脉施用。根据本发明的组合物可包含润湿剂、乳化剂或缓冲液物质作为添加剂。
本文使用的“CDR区”或“CDR”是指免疫球蛋白的重链和轻链的高变区，如Kabat et al.所定义(Kabat et al.,Sequences of proteins of immunological interest,5th Ed.,U.S.Department of Health and Human Services,NIH,1991，以及以后版本)。存在三个重链CDR和三个轻链CDR。根据情况，本文所用术语CDR或CDRs是为了指示这些区域之一、或者这些区域的几个或者甚至全部，所述区域包含通过抗体对抗原或其识别表位的亲和力而负责结合的大部分氨基酸残基。
本发明提供了一种抗体人源化改造方法，在参考多摸板进行FR移植来进行合理的抗体人源化设计，得到亲和力和鼠源抗体相当的人源化抗体。
本发明提供的人源化抗Aβ的单克隆抗体的制备方法包括：
步骤1：鼠源杂交瘤制备，通过5’RACE，获得抗体序列；
步骤2：抗体人源化，通过NCBI工具上进行序列比对，完成人源化改造，对改造抗体进行筛选。
具体的，该方法包括：
所述人源化抗Aβ的单克隆抗体的制备方法为：以鼠源抗体066-4.26.14为模板，PCR扩增获得抗体重链可变区基因VH和轻链可变区基因VL，将其翻译成氨基酸序列，然后将氨基酸序列在NCBI数据库中人抗体序列进行比对，分别选择与可变区VH和VL相似性最高的5条人抗体序列，作为人源化改造的参考模板，确定鼠源抗体066-4.26.14的CDR区，保留CDR区不变，将上述VH和VL分别5条参考模板中的FR区移植至066-4.26.14中得到人源化序列，经密码子优化后分别构建瞬转表达载体；表达载体转至293E细胞中表达，获得与Aβ特异性结合的人源化抗体；对人源化抗体经过亲和力测定、与抗原结合EC50值测定、抑制Aβ聚合作用检测及细胞毒保护作用检测，最终获得人源化Aβ抗体。
本发明提供的人源化抗Aβ的单克隆抗体可抑制Aβ单体聚合，保护神经细胞免受Aβ的毒性，有一定的改善阿尔茨海默痴呆模型小鼠认知学习记忆能力的作用，可用于治疗和诊断淀粉样变性相关的疾病和病症，如阿尔茨海默病。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍。
图1示Aβ单体及聚合体混合物SDS-PAGE及WB检测；其中，泳道M：蛋白质分子量标记；泳道1：Aβ单体；泳道2：Aβ聚合体混合物；图1(A)：Aβ单体及聚合体混合物SDS-PAGE检测图；图1(B)：Aβ单体及聚合体混合物WB检测图；
图2示SDS-PAGE电泳检测纯化的阳性抗体；其中，泳道M：蛋白质分子量标记；泳道1：066-P01非还原电泳；泳道2：066-P01还原电泳；泳 道3：066-P02非还原电泳；泳道4：066-P02还原电泳；图2(A)：纯化的阳性抗体066-P01的SDS-PAGE电泳检测结果；图2(B)：纯化的阳性抗体066-P02的SDS-PAGE电泳检测结果；
图3示抗Aβ单克隆抗体抑制Aβ聚合检测；横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为相对荧光强度，066-4.22.1、066-4.26.14、066-5.4.1等抗Aβ单克隆抗体均可抑制Aβ聚合；其中，图3(A)示加样组分别为IgG、066-P01、066-5.4.1、066-6.1.1、066-6.1.3、066-6.2.1、066-6.7.2抗Aβ单克隆抗体抑制Aβ聚合检测结果；图3(B)示加样组分别为PBS、IgG、066-4.21.13、066-4.26.14、066-4.6.8、066-4.22.1、066-4.18.2、066-P01抗Aβ单克隆抗体抑制Aβ聚合检测结果；
图4示抗Aβ单克隆抗体促巨噬细胞吞噬Aβ活性检测；横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为荧光强度，066-5.4.1、066-7.17.2抗Aβ单克隆抗体具有促进巨噬细胞吞噬Aβ活性；
图5示抗Aβ单克隆抗体细胞毒保护活性检测；横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为LDH释放相对值，066-4.26.14、066-5.4.1、066-6.1.1、066-6.1.3、066-6.2.1、066-6.7.2、066-7.17.2抗体均具有细胞毒保护作用，且保护作用与066-P02相当；其中，图5(A)示加样组分别为Vehicle、IgG、066-4.21.13、066-4.17.28、066-4.6.8、066-4.22.1、066-4.26.14、066-4.18.2、066-P02抗Aβ单克隆抗体细胞毒保护活性检测结果；图5(B)示加样组分别为Vehicle、IgG、066-6.2.1、066-7.17.2、066-5.4.1、066-6.1.1、066-6.1.3、066-6.7.2、066-P02抗Aβ单克隆抗体细胞毒保护活性检测结果；
图6示Morris水迷宫实验检测结果；横坐标为治疗后的时间(第1、2、3、4、5天)，纵坐标为找到水面下隐藏平台的时间(单位：Sec)；
图7示总RNA琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测；泳道M：DL2000分子量标记；泳道1：066-4.26.14总RNA电泳条带；
图8示PCR扩增候选抗体重链可变区和轻链可变区琼脂糖凝胶电泳检测；泳道M：DL2000分子量标记；泳道1：066-4.26.14重链可变区PCR产物电泳条带；泳道2：066-4.26.14轻链可变区电泳条带；其中，图8(A)示066-4.26.14重链可变区PCR结果；图8(B)示066-4.26.14轻链可变区PCR 结果；
图9示SDS-PAGE电泳检测纯化的鼠人嵌合抗体066-4.26.14-chAb；泳道M：蛋白质分子量标记；泳道1：鼠人嵌合抗体066-4.26.14-chAb非还原电泳；泳道2：鼠人嵌合抗体066-4.26.14-chAb还原电泳；其中，图9(A)示鼠人嵌合抗体066-4.26.14-chAb非还原电泳结果；图9(B)示鼠人嵌合抗体066-4.26.14-chAb还原电泳结果；
图10示SDS-PAGE电泳检测纯化的亲人源化候选抗体；泳道M：蛋白质分子量标记；图10(A)中：泳道1-6分别为人源化抗体066-4.26.14H2L2、066-4.26.14H2L3、066-4.26.14H4L2、066-4.26.14H5L1、066-4.26.14H5L2、066-4.26.14H5L3非还原电泳；图10(B)中：泳道1-6分别为人源化抗体066-4.26.14H2L2、066-4.26.14H2L3、066-4.26.14H4L2、066-4.26.14H5L1、066-4.26.14H5L2、066-4.26.14H5L3还原电泳；
图11示人源化Aβ抗体抑制Aβ聚合作用检测；横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为相对荧光强度，066-4.26.14人源化抗体均可抑制Aβ聚合；
图12示人源化Aβ抗体细胞毒保护活性检测；横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为LDH释放相对值，066-4.26.14人源化候选抗体均具有细胞毒保护作用，且保护作用与066-P02相当，其中066-4.26.14H5L2表现最优。
具体实施方式
本发明公开了一种人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用，本领域技术人员可以借鉴本文内容，适当改进工艺参数实现。特别需要指出的是，所有类似的替换和改动对本领域技术人员来说是显而易见的，它们都被视为包括在本发明。本发明的方法及应用已经通过较佳实施例进行了描述，相关人员明显能在不脱离本发明内容、精神和范围内对本文所述的方法和应用进行改动或适当变更与组合，来实现和应用本发明技术。
本发明提供的人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用中所用原料及试剂均可由市场购得。
下面结合实施例，进一步阐述本发明：
实施例1 Aβ抗原及阳性对照抗体的制备
Aβ单体及聚合体混合物制备
Aβ 1-42、Aβ 1-16、Aβ 14-29多肽由吉尔生化(上海)有限公司合成。Aβ 1-42多肽氨基酸序列为：DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGAIIGLMVGGVVIA(SEQID:35)，Aβ 1-16多肽氨基酸序列为：DAEFRHDSGYEVHHQK(SEQ ID:36)，Aβ 14-29多肽氨基酸序列为：HQKLVFFAEDVGSNKGA(SEQ ID:37)。
Aβ 1-42单体(简写Aβ单体)制备方法：向1mg Aβ 1-42多肽干粉中加入1ml六氟异丙醇(HFIP)，涡旋震荡1min，水浴超声处理1-5min至完全溶解；置于37℃，200rpm振荡培养箱中振荡1.5h；利用真空旋转干燥仪挥发尽六氟异丙醇；向干燥的Aβ 1-42多肽中加入192μl无水二甲基亚砜(DMSO)，溶解多肽，再加入27μl 20×PBS溶液，54μl 2％SDS，267μl ddH 2O，混匀，小量分装，储存于-80℃冰箱中，即为Aβ 1-42单体；通过SDS-PAGE及WB(利用具有特异识别Aβ 1-42聚合体的阳性抗体066-P02进行杂交检测)检测(见图1)。
Aβ 1-42聚合体混合物(简写Aβ聚合体混合物)制备方法：向1mg Aβ 1-42多肽干粉中加入1ml六氟异丙醇(HFIP)，涡旋震荡1min，水浴超声处理1-5min至完全溶解；置于37℃，200rpm振荡培养箱中振荡1.5h；利用真空旋转干燥仪挥发尽六氟异丙醇；向干燥的Aβ 1-42多肽中加入192μl DMSO，溶解多肽，再加入27μl 20×PBS溶液，54μl 2％SDS，267μl ddH 2O，混匀，置于37℃水浴中18-24h；向其中加入1.62ml ddH 2O，混匀，置于37℃水浴中18-24h；利用10KDa超滤浓缩管置换缓冲液至PBS中，小量分装，储存于-80℃冰箱中，即为Aβ 1-42聚合体混合物；通过SDS-PAGE及WB(利用具有特异识别Aβ 1-42聚合体的阳性抗体066-P02进行杂交检测)检测(见图1)。
2.阳性对照抗体表达载体构建
分别选择pGS003-hIgG1CH和pGS003-hIgKCL作为构建抗人Aβ阳性抗体(066-P01：Solanezumab，Elilily、066-P02：Aducanumab，Biogen)的重链和轻链的表达载体，对阳性抗体可变区氨基酸序列进行密码子优化后，使用酶切方法将阳性抗体VH和VL基因分别克隆到pGS003-hIgG1CH 和pGS003-hIgKCL得到阳性抗体的重链及轻链瞬转表达载体pGS003-066-P02VH-hIgG1CH和pGS003-066-P02VL-hIgKCL。066-P01阳性抗体重链可变区氨基酸序列如下(SEQ ID:38)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000001
066-P01阳性抗体轻链可变区氨基酸序列如下(SEQ ID:39)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000002
066-P02阳性抗体重链可变区氨基酸序列如下(SEQ ID:40)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000003
066-P02阳性抗体轻链可变区氨基酸序列如下(SEQ ID:41)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000004
3.瞬转表达
pGS003-066-P01VH-hIgG1CH和pGS003-066-P01VL-hIgKCL；
pGS003-066-P02VH-hIgG1CH和pGS003-066-P02VL-hIgKCL进行瞬时表达。
使用FreeStyle TM 293E细胞在Freestyle培养基中进行瞬转表达。转染前24小时，在125ml锥形瓶中接种0.5×10 6细胞/ml的293E细胞30ml，37℃ 5％CO 2温箱中130rpm摇床培养。转染时先取60微升的293E Fectin加入到1ml的Opti-MEM中，充分混匀后，室温孵育5分钟；同时将重组载体总质粒DNA的量为30μg，溶于1ml的Opti-MEM中。然后将质粒DNA和293E Fectin充分混合，总体积为2ml，室温孵育15分钟，然后将混合物全部加入细胞培养孔中，混匀，37℃ 5％CO 2温箱中130rpm 摇床培养7天。将培养液进行高速离心后取上清进行微孔滤膜抽真空过滤。
4.蛋白纯化
根据厂家提供的操作方法采用Protein A柱(蛋白纯化液相色谱系统/AKTA Purifier 10，GE)、镍柱进行纯化，得到纯化的阳性抗体066-P01、066-P02。如图2。
实施例2抗Aβ单克隆杂交瘤制备
免疫BALB/c小鼠
将Aβ1-42多肽抗原和弗氏完全佐剂按剂量涡旋混匀，完全乳化后对6周龄BALB/c雌性小鼠进行首次免疫。每只小鼠腹腔注射200μg抗原，共免疫3组小鼠，每组5只。首次免疫两周后对小鼠进行第二次腹腔免疫，使用弗氏不完全佐剂，免疫抗原剂量首次免疫相同。此后每月两次对小鼠进行腹腔免疫，佐剂和抗原剂量和第二次免疫相同。
首次免疫后每六周对小鼠进行眼眶少量采血并进行血清效价检测，经间接ELISA方法检测血清效价滴度达到1:200000或者以上后，对用于融合的小鼠进行加强免疫。
准备融合用骨髓瘤细胞
提前三周复苏用于融合的骨髓瘤细胞P3X63Ag8.653，并用含1×8-氮鸟嘌呤和10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基培养两周，融合一周换用10％胎牛血清的DMEM培养，维持P3X63Ag8.653的密度为70％-80％至融合当天。
细胞融合及HA筛选
脾细胞的获取和制备：取加强免疫后的小鼠2只，采集免疫血清后处死并浸泡于75％酒精中2-3分钟。剪开免疫小鼠的腹部侧面的皮肤和腹膜，暴露脾脏。用剪尖剔除周围组织获取脾脏，用研磨棒研磨后，经细胞筛网过滤后制备成单细胞悬液。离心后弃上清，
细胞融合前处理：收集培养瓶内的P3X63Ag8.653，1000rpm/5min离心后弃上清，重悬后进行骨髓瘤活细胞计数。将脾细胞悬液离心弃上清，加入ACK裂解液，孵育后离心弃上清去除红细胞，用DMED重悬并进 行脾活细胞计数。
细胞融合：按脾细胞：P3X63Ag8.653＝1:2的比例混合细胞，2000rpm/5min离心后弃上清，震散细胞沉淀，按400μl/1×10 8脾细胞加入1mg/ml Pronase，孵育15秒后加入10ml胎牛血清终止反应，补加电转溶液(ECF)至50ml，2500rpm离心5分钟，弃上清，ECF重悬并进行活细胞计数，将脾细胞密度调至2×10 6/ml。将调整好密度的细胞悬液加入到电融合槽中，运行电转仪进行细胞融合，融合结束后将细胞悬液从融合槽转移到1/2HA培养基中，静置3小时后进行细胞铺板。
HA培养基筛选：配制含1/2HA、1×青-链霉素、20％胎牛血清和80％DMEM培养基的AT筛选培养基。用上述的1/2HA筛选培养基重悬鼠杂交瘤细胞，充分混匀。按200μl/孔,1×10 6脾细胞/板，将细胞悬液加到96孔细胞培养板中，置于37℃细胞培养箱中培养。培养1周后，用1/2HA培养基进行第一次换液，并置于37℃细胞培养箱中继续培养，培养3天后，用1/2HA培养基进行第二次换液。
阳性细胞株的筛选
融合后2周，取细胞上清进行ELISA实验，检测细胞上清与人Aβ 1-42的结合情况，筛选出ELISA结果为阳性的细胞后，进行第二次ELISA实验的复测。取复测结果为阳性的细胞上清进行亚克隆和扩大培养。
扩大培养
将ELISA检测为阳性的细胞株从96孔中转入24孔中培养，待长满后转入25cm 2培养瓶中培养。
有限稀释法亚克隆
吹打混匀阳性细胞株，并吸取少量进行活细胞计数。吸取约200个细胞加入80ml完全培养基中混匀，铺板4块。另吸取约400个细胞加入80ml完全培养基中混匀，铺板4块。另吸取约1000个细胞加入20ml完全培养基中混匀，铺板1块。共以3个不同的细胞密度铺板9块，分别为0.5细胞/孔、1细胞/孔、10细胞/孔。将96孔板置37℃，5％CO 2培养箱中培养。
克隆检测和扩大培养
取单克隆细胞孔上清进行ELISA检测，分别检测细胞克隆抗体与Aβ 1-42全长、Aβ 1-42N端、C端和中间肽段的结合情况。
包被：将Streptavidin用CBS(pH 9.6)稀释成1μg/ml，加至酶标板96孔中，每孔50μl，2-8℃孵育过夜。
封闭：用PBST洗板一次后，用1％BSA封闭，每孔200μl，室温下孵育1小时。
抗原：用PBST洗板三次后，分别取生物素化的Aβ 1-42、Aβ 1-16、Aβ 14-29多肽，用PBS(pH 7.2)稀释成1μg/ml，加至酶标板96孔中，每孔50μl，室温下孵育1小时。
加一抗：用PBST洗板三次后，加入鼠源候选抗体，50μl/孔，室温下孵育2小时。
加二抗：用PBST洗板三次后，加入抗鼠IgG Fc-HRP抗体，1:5000稀释液，50μl/孔，室温下孵育1小时。
显色：用PBST洗板六次后，加TMB显色液，每孔50μl，室温下避光显色10分钟。
终止：直接加终止液终止反应，每孔50μl。
检测：终止反应后立即把酶标板放入酶标仪中，在450nm处测其OD值，保存原始数据。
数据处理：将原始数据输入到软件SoftMax Pro 6.2.1中进行数据处理。具体数据见表1。结果显示，12个鼠源候选抗体含有三种不同表位，分别为N端(Aβ 1-16)、C端(Aβ 30-42)、中间(Aβ 14-29)肽段。其中，066-4.26.14表位分组为Aβ 1-42C端肽段(因066-4.26.14能结合Aβ 1-42全长，但不与Aβ 1-16、Aβ 14-29结合，故推导其结合Aβ 30-42区域)。
将ELISA检测为阳性的细胞株从96孔中转入24孔中培养，待长满后转入25cm2培养瓶中培养。
表1、鼠源候选抗体表位分组检测结果
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000005
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000006
亚类的鉴定
包被羊抗鼠IgG1、IgG2a、IgG2b、IgG2c、IgG3、IgM和IgGA，50ng/100μl/孔，4℃过夜，BSA室温封闭，加入待测细胞上清，室温孵育2小时，加入酶标二抗羊抗鼠IgG、κ、λ，显色，终止，450nm读数，判断所测细胞株的亚类为IgG1，κ或IgG2a，κ或IgG2b，κ，结果见表2。其中，抗体066-4.26.14的重链恒定区为鼠IgG2a，轻链恒定区为鼠κ链的恒定区。
表2、鼠源候选亚型检测结果
抗体名称 亚型
066-4.6.8 IgG1，Kappa
066-4.17.28 IgG1，Kappa
066-4.18.2 IgG2b，Kappa
066-4.21.13 IgG1，Kappa
066-4.22.1 IgG1，Kappa
066-4.26.14 IgG2a，Kappa
066-5.4.1 IgG1，Kappa
抗体名称 亚型
066-6.1.1 IgG2a，Kappa
066-6.1.3 IgG2a，Kappa
066-6.2.1 IgG2a，Kappa
066-6.7.2 IgG2a，Kappa
066-7.17.2 IgG1，Kappa
细胞冻存
冻存液配制：90％胎牛血清，10％DMSO。
重悬培养瓶内细胞，细胞计数后，以1000rpm/min离心5min后弃上清，用含10％DMSO的胎牛血清进行吹打悬浮，以5×10 6细胞/管冻存于冻存盒内，-80℃过夜，次日转入液氮中。
单克隆杂交瘤基因保存
收集阳性单克隆细胞株，加入TRizol裂解细胞并提取RNA，反转录成cDNA，于-80℃保存。
采用体外培养法制备抗体
对制得的杂交瘤细胞株进行复苏，方法为将含有10％胎牛血清、1％青链霉素的DMEM培养基复苏并使用小瓶培养，待细胞汇合度约90％后，进行传代扩培，扩培至细胞培养上清共约200ml，收集上清，离心过滤后送纯化。
实施例3抗Aβ单克隆抗体抑制Aβ聚合检测
用8.2％DMSO/DPBS溶液(DMSO：sigma；DPBS：Hyclone)溶解Aβ干粉至1mg/ml，DPBS稀释Aβ溶液至33μg/ml，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-4.6.8、066-4.18.2、066-4.22.1、066-4.26.14、066-5.4.1、066-6.1.1、066-6.1.3、066-6.2.1、066-6.7.2稀释至450μg/ml(IC100)，超纯水稀释ThT(sigma)至20μM。取50μl抗体稀释液加入96孔黑板中(corning)，再向其中加入50μl Aβ稀释液，最后加入100μl ThT，室温避光孵育24小时，多功能酶标仪检测荧光强度(Ex/Em＝440/485)。横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为相对荧光强度，结果见图3。图3(A)中，当IgG组的相对荧光强度为1.0时，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-5.4.1组的相对荧光强度 为0.59；图3(B)中，当PBS组的相对荧光强度为1.0时，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-4.22.1组的相对荧光强度为0.44，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-4.26.14组的相对荧光强度为0.46；可见，066-4.22.1、066-4.26.14、066-5.4.1等抗Aβ单克隆抗体均可抑制Aβ聚合。
实施例4抗Aβ单克隆抗体促巨噬细胞吞噬Aβ活性检测
贴壁3天状态良好的小鼠原代腹腔巨噬细胞，0.25％胰蛋白酶消化、计数，用含10％血清胎牛血清的DMEM培养液(Gibco)调整细胞密度至2×10 5/ml，接种96孔细胞培养板，100μl/孔；1％胎牛血清的DMEM培养基稀释066-4.6.8、066-4.17.28、066-4.18.2、066-4.21.13、066-4.22.1、066-4.26.14、066-5.4.1、066-6.1.1、066-6.1.3、066-6.2.1、066-6.7.2、066-7.17.2抗Aβ单克隆抗体至20μg/ml作为工作液，Aβ稀释至240μg/ml，超纯水稀释ThT(sigma)至20μM。弃掉培养板中培养基，先加入50μl抗体稀释液，再加入50μl Aβ稀释液，设置复孔；37℃，5％CO 2培养箱中培养6小时；取50μl上清，加入96孔黑板中，再加入50μl ThT，多功能酶标仪检测荧光强度(Ex/Em＝440/485)。横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为荧光强度，结果见图4。其中，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-5.4.1组的荧光强度为650000，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-7.17.2组的荧光强度为600000。可见，066-5.4.1、066-7.17.2抗Aβ单克隆抗体具有促进巨噬细胞吞噬Aβ活性。
实施例5抗Aβ单克隆抗体细胞毒保护活性检测
对数生长期SHSY5Y细胞，0.25％胰蛋白酶消化、计数，用含10％胎牛血清的EMEM培养液(ATCC)调整细胞密度至3×10 4/ml，接种96孔细胞培养板，100μl/孔；1％胎牛血清的EMEM培养基稀释066-4.6.8、066-4.17.28、066-4.18.2、066-4.21.13、066-4.22.1、066-4.26.14、066-5.4.1、066-6.1.1、066-6.1.3、066-6.2.1、066-6.7.2、066-7.17.2抗Aβ单克隆抗体至200μg/ml(IC100)，作为工作液，Aβ稀释至240μg/ml。弃掉培养板中培养基，先加入50μl抗体稀释液，再加入50μl Aβ稀释液，设置复孔；37℃ 5％CO 2培养箱中培养48小时；取50μl上清，加入新96孔板中，再加入50μl LDH assay buffer，室温避光作用30min，加入50μl stop  solution，多功能酶标仪检测吸光值。横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为LDH释放相对值，结果见图5。其中，当Vehicle组的LDH释放相对值为1.0时，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-4.26.14组的相对荧光强度为1.2，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-5.4.1组的LDH释放相对值为1.37，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-6.1.1组的LDH释放相对值为1.43，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-6.1.3组的LDH释放相对值为1.35，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-6.2.1组的LDH释放相对值为1.34，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-6.7.2组的LDH释放相对值为1.44，阳性对照抗体066-P02组的LDH释放相对值为1.26(A)、1.53(B)。可见，066-4.26.14、066-5.4.1、066-6.1.1、066-6.1.3、066-6.2.1、066-6.7.2、066-7.17.2抗体均具有细胞毒保护作用，且保护作用与066-P02相当。
实施例6 Morris水迷宫实验
1.实验方法及步骤：
实验动物3×Tg小鼠购自北京维通利华实验动物技术有限公司，委托吉林大学医学院实验动物中心饲养。分组情况如下：
按照注射药物不同分为抗体066-4.26.14治疗组，抗体066-5.4.1治疗组，抗体066-7.17.2治疗组，3×Tg空白对照组，野生型PBS注射组，阳性抗体066-P02对照组，每组8只。
参考文献(Nabeshima，2007)的方法，以单抗066-4.26.14，066-5.4.1，066-7.17.2腹腔注射6月龄雄性3×Tg小鼠(500g/只)，每周一次，连续注射10周，注射8周以后，进行Morris水迷宫检测。
Morris水迷宫检测步骤：
(1)设计特制的水迷宫主要由圆柱形水池和可移动位置的平台组成。水池高45cm,直径100cm,平台直径9cm，高度15-40cm可调，水池上空通过一个数字摄像机与计算机相连接。
(2)预先在水池中注入清水，池壁及池底均为黑色，池水中加入食品用白色素，使小鼠不能看到水面下的平台，水深30cm，水面高出平台1cm。
(3)水温控制在19±1℃，在水池上平台所在象限以外的象限标记入水点。每个象限对应的侧壁上粘贴不同形状的标记物。实验过程中保持平 台位置不变。
(4)每次实验在隔音的房间内进行，水池，光源，鼠笼等实验室各物件的位置保持不变。
(5)第8周给药后第3天开始训练，实验共历时5天(水迷宫-Hidden platform test)，每天测4次。小鼠入水时脸朝水池壁面，轻轻地放入水中。每天5次训练(实验)在设置平台象限以外的区域随机进行，实验的前两天的前两次做为练习。小鼠60秒内找到平台，让其在平台上停留15秒，小鼠60秒内找不到平台(潜伏期记为60秒)，则由实验者将其引导至平台，在平台上停留15秒。每日以小鼠四次潜伏期的平均值做为小鼠当日的成绩。
2.实验结果(见图6)：
Hidden platform test第2天，所有抗体给药组对照3×Tg空白组找到水面下隐藏平台的时间(逃离潜伏期)显著缩短，有统计学意义。第3天，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-7.17.2组逃离潜伏期所需时间为18s，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-4.26.14组逃离潜伏期所需时间为27s，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-5.4.1组逃离潜伏期所需时间为30s，空白对照组逃离潜伏期所需时间为39s，066-7.17.2和066-4.26.14给药组对照3×Tg空白组逃离潜伏期显著缩短，有统计学意义。可见，抗Aβ单克隆抗体066-7.17.2，066-4.26.14有一定的改善阿尔茨海默痴呆模型小鼠认知学习记忆能力的作用。
实施例7单克隆抗体基因测序和嵌合抗体制备
1.单克隆抗体基因测序
经免疫、融合及单克隆化后，基于结合表位、抑制Aβ聚合检测、细胞毒保护活性检测、Morris水迷宫等实验结果选取066-4.26.14单克隆抗体细胞株进行总RNA提取，并反转录成cDNA，然后以cDNA为模板PCR扩增抗体的重链可变区和轻链可变区。
采用Invitrogen公司的TRIzol reagent试剂盒(15596-026)，按照其说明书进行066-4.26.14单克隆抗体细胞株总RNA提取，结果见图7。
接着采用Takara公司的5’RACE FULL试剂盒(D315)，以总RNA 为模板，试剂盒中的随机引物进行反转录为第一链cDNA，然后重链以恒定区设计引物mIgGR(5’-CTCAGGGAARTARCCYTTGAC-3’，SEQ ID NO:42)和试剂盒中的接头引物进行PCR扩增，轻链以恒定区设计引物mIgKR(5’-TCACTGCCATCAATCTTCCAC-3’，SEQ ID NO:43)和试剂盒中的接头引物进行PCR扩增，结果见图8。
琼脂糖凝胶回收试剂盒回收PCR片段进行TA克隆后挑单克隆进行PCR鉴定，鉴定引物为M13F(5’-TGTAAAACGACGGCCAGT-3’，SEQ ID NO:44)和M13R(5’-CAGGAAACAGCTATGACC-3’，SEQ ID NO:45)，鉴定正确菌株中选取部分样品送至Invitrogen测序。最终确定重链可变区核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:46，轻链可变区核苷酸序列为SEQ ID NO:47，重链可变区氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:48，轻链可变区氨基酸序列为SEQ ID NO:49，见表3。
表3、066-4.26.14抗体重链可变区和轻链可变区具体序列
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000007
066-4.26.14抗体重链可变区核苷酸序列如下(SEQ ID NO:46)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000008
066-4.26.14抗体轻链可变区核苷酸序列如下(SEQ ID NO:47)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000009
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000010
066-4.26.14抗体重链可变区氨基酸序列如下(SEQ ID NO:48)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000011
066-4.26.14抗体轻链可变区氨基酸序列如下(SEQ ID NO:49)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000012
2.066-4.26.14鼠人嵌合抗体表达载体构建
分别选择pGS003-hIgG1CH和pGS003-hIgKCL作为构建抗人Aβ鼠人嵌合抗体的重链和轻链的表达载体。以合成的066-4.26.14鼠源序列为模板，进行PCR扩增后，使用酶切连接的方法将VH和VL鼠源抗体基因分别克隆到pGS003-hIgG1CH和pGS003-hIgKCL得到鼠人嵌合抗体的重链及轻链瞬转表达载体pGS003-066-4.26.14-chAb-hIgG1CH和pGS003-066-4.26.14-chAb-hIgKCL。
066-4.26.14鼠人嵌合抗体重链氨基酸序列如下(SEQ ID NO:50)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000013
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000014
066-4.26.14鼠人嵌合抗体轻链氨基酸序列如下(SEQ ID NO:51)：
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000015
3.瞬转表达
pGS003-066-4.26.14-chAbVH-hIgG4CH和pGS003-066-4.26.14-chAbVL-hIgKCL进行瞬时表达。
使用FreeStyle TM 293E细胞在Freestyle培养基中进行瞬转表达。转染前24小时，在125ml锥形瓶中接种0.5×10 6细胞/ml的293E细胞30ml，37℃ 5％CO 2温箱中130rpm摇床培养。转染时先取60微升的293E Fectin加入到1ml的Opti-MEM中，充分混匀后，室温孵育5分钟；同时将重组载体总质粒DNA的量为30μg，溶于1ml的Opti-MEM中。然后将质粒DNA和293E Fectin充分混合，总体积为2ml，室温孵育15分钟，然后将混合物全部加入细胞培养孔中，混匀，37℃ 5％CO 2温箱中130rpm摇床培养7天。将培养液进行高速离心后取上清进行微孔滤膜抽真空过滤。
4.蛋白纯化
根据厂家提供的操作方法采用Protein A柱(蛋白纯化液相色谱系统/AKTA Purifier 10，GE)、镍柱进行纯化，得到纯化的鼠人嵌合抗体066-4.26.14-chAb，如图9。
实施例8抗体人源化
选取鼠源抗体066-4.26.14进行人源化，人源化过程包括主要为人源模板搜索及移植。
人源化改造的主要目标是可变区中FR序列。以鼠源抗体066-4.26.14 VH及VL的氨基酸为模板，在NCBI网站上进行序列比对，找到人源化参考序列5条，作为抗体FR区人源化改造的参考模板设计人源化改造序 列。
CDR区具体序列见表4，保留FR区移植后的人源化抗体序列见表5。
表4、066-4.26.14抗体CDR区具体序列
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000016
表5、066-4.26.14抗体人源化序列
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000017
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000018
066-4.26.14H1(SEQ ID NO:25)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000019
>066-4.26.14H2(SEQ ID NO:26)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000020
>066-4.26.14H3(SEQ ID NO:27)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000021
>066-4.26.14H4(SEQ ID NO:28)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000022
>066-4.26.14H5(SEQ ID NO:29)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000023
>066-4.26.14L1(SEQ ID NO:30)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000024
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000025
>066-4.26.14L2(SEQ ID NO:31)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000026
>066-4.26.14L3(SEQ ID NO:32)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000027
>066-4.26.14L4(SEQ ID NO:33)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000028
>066-4.26.14L5(SEQ ID NO:34)
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000029
实施例9 Aβ人源化全长抗体的制备
1.全长抗体瞬时转染表达载体的构建
分别选择pGS003-hIgG1CH和pGS003-hIgKCL作为构建抗人Aβ全长抗体的重链和轻链的表达载体。对066-4.26.14人源化抗体序列进行密 码子优化，经PCR扩增后，重链使用Hind Ⅲ及Nhe Ⅰ进行酶切，轻链使用Hind Ⅲ及Nar Ⅰ进行酶切，然后将5个VH和5个VL抗体基因分别克隆到pGS003-hIgG1CH和pGS003-hIgKCL，如表6。测序鉴定抗体基因正确插入后，将重组表达载体转化大肠杆菌TOP10F’，挑取单菌落接种于含100μg/ml氨苄青霉素的LB培养基中，37℃振荡培养16小时。使用Zymo Research的去内毒素大提试剂盒抽提质粒，最后将质粒溶于1ml超纯水，用分光光度计测定质粒浓度和OD 260/280。OD 260/280在1.8～1.9为纯度较高的质粒DNA。
表6、重链和轻链瞬时转染表达载体列表
重链表达载体名称 轻链表达载体名称
H1 L1
H2 L2
H3 L3
H4 L4
H5 L5
2.在哺乳动物细胞293E中的转染、表达和检测
分别将上述066-4.26.14的5个重链表达载体和5个轻链表达载体两两组合(共25种组合)后进行2ml 293E体系的瞬时转染表达评估，对25种组合进行表达量和ELISA值评估，具体数值见表7，优选出6个全长抗体，分别为066-4.26.14-H2L2、066-4.26.14-H2L3、066-4.26.14-H4L2、066-4.26.14-H5L1、066-4.26.14-H5L2、066-4.26.14-H5L3。
表7、066-4.26.14人源化5×5组合全长抗体小体系瞬时转染表达的表达量及EC50检测值
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000030
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000031
注：表中“--”表示无结合。
使用293E在Freestyle培养基中进行6个候选抗体的瞬时转染表达。转染前24小时，在1L细胞培养瓶中接种0.5×10 6细胞/ml的293E细胞300ml，37℃ 5％CO 2温箱中120rpm摇床培养。转染时先取300μl的293fectin加入到5.7ml的Opti-MEM中，充分混匀后，室温孵育2分钟；同时将重链和轻链表达质粒各300μg使用Opti-MEM稀释至6ml。将上述 稀释后的转染试剂及质粒充分混合，室温孵育15分钟，然后将混合物全部加入细胞中，混匀，37℃ 5％CO 2温箱中120rpm摇床培养7天。
3.抗体的纯化及检测
2000g 20min离心细胞培养液，收集上清，用Octet检测上清中抗体表达量，见表8。
表8、6个候选抗体300ml瞬时转染表达的表达量检测
Figure PCTCN2020072629-appb-000032
将上清用0.22微米的滤膜过滤，然后过MabSelect SuRe亲和层析柱(GE)，20mM枸橼酸-枸橼酸纳，pH 3.0洗脱，用1M Tris base调节pH至中性，加入10×PBS调节成等渗溶液。4～20％梯度胶(南京金斯瑞生物科技有限公司)进行SDS-PAGE检测纯化蛋白质，结果见下图10。
实施例10人源化候选抗体EC50值测定
包被：将人Aβ42单体用CBS(pH 9.4)稀释成1μg/ml，加至酶标板96孔中，每孔50μl，2～8℃下孵育过夜。
封闭：用PBST洗板三次后，用3％BSA封闭，每孔200μl，25℃下孵育1小时。
样品处理：分别取人源化候选抗体及嵌合抗体，以10μg/ml为起始浓度进行2倍梯度稀释(2 0～2 -11)，50μl/孔，25℃孵育1h。
加抗体：用PBST洗板四次后，加入抗人IgG(H+L)-HRP抗体，1:5000稀释液，50μl/孔，25℃孵育1h。
显色：洗板四次后，加TMB显色液，每孔50μl，室温下避光显色3分钟。
终止：直接加终止液终止反应，每孔50μl。
检测：终止反应后立即把酶标板放入酶标仪中，在450nm处测其OD值，保存原始数据。
数据处理：将原始数据输入到软件SoftMax Pro 6.2.1中进行数据处理。具体数据见表9。结果显示，6个人源化候选抗体与人Aβ的结合能力与嵌合抗体相当。
表9、6个候选抗体同抗原结合EC50值
抗体名称 Aβ42单体EC50值
066-4.26.14H2L2 0.0129
066-4.26.14H2L3 0.0153
066-4.26.14H4L2 0.0168
066-4.26.14H5L1 0.0042
066-4.26.14H5L2 0.0077
066-4.26.14H5L3 0.0108
066-4.26.14-chAb 0.0255
实施例11人源化候选抗体KD值的测定
应用Biacore-T200检测，使用ProteinA芯片捕获候选抗体或阳性抗体，用不同浓度的人Aβ抗原流经芯片，根据采集数据进行拟合分析。将抗原样品按2倍浓度梯度稀释法，使用HBS-EP+Buffer稀释至400nmol/L、200nmol/L、100nmol/L、50nmol/L、25nmol/L、12.5nmol/L、6.25nmol/L、3.125nmol/L、1.56nmol/L、0.78nmol/L、0nmol/L浓度梯度溶液。以25nmol/L为重复浓度检测样品。检测条件为：捕获时间30s；抗原结合时间120s；解离时间900s；流速30μl/min，再生条件为20mM NaOH溶液，流速：30μl/min。具体实验结果见表10。由实验结果可知，相对于鼠人嵌合抗体，人源化抗体KD值可同鼠源抗体保持相当水平。
表10、6个候选抗体KD值检测
抗体名称 Ka(1/Ms) Kd(1/s) KD(M)
066-4.26.14H2L2 1.92E+04 4.33E-04 2.25E-08
066-4.26.14H2L3 1.83E+04 4.72E-04 2.58E-08
抗体名称 Ka(1/Ms) Kd(1/s) KD(M)
066-4.26.14H4L2 1.28E+04 4.63E-04 3.63E-08
066-4.26.14H5L1 1.89E+04 4.69E-04 2.48E-08
066-4.26.14H5L2 1.34E+04 2.78E-04 2.08E-08
066-4.26.14H5L3 1.42E+04 4.60E-04 3.25E-08
066-4.26.14-chAb 2.65E+04 3.33E-04 1.26E-08
注：E+04：×10 4；E-04：×10 -4；E-08：×10 -08。
实施例12人源化Aβ抗体抑制Aβ聚合作用检测
用8.2％DMSO/DPBS溶液(DMSO：sigma；DPBS：Hyclone)溶解Aβ干粉至1mg/ml，DPBS稀释Aβ溶液至33μg/ml，066-4.26.14人源化候选抗体稀释至450μg/ml(IC100)，超纯水稀释ThT(sigma)至20μM。取50μl候选抗体稀释液加入96孔黑板中(corning)，再向其中加入50μl Aβ稀释液，最后加入100μl ThT，室温避光孵育24小时，多功能酶标仪检测荧光强度(Ex/Em＝440/485)。横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为相对荧光强度，结果见图11。hIgG的相对荧光强度为1.00，066-4.26.14-mAb组的相对荧光强度为0.70，066-4.26.14-chAb组的相对荧光强度为0.71，066-4.26.14H2L2组的相对荧光强度为0.62，066-4.26.14H2L3组的相对荧光强度为0.67，066-4.26.14H4L2组的相对荧光强度为0.70，066-4.26.14H5L1组的相对荧光强度为0.68，066-4.26.14H5L2组的相对荧光强度为0.67，066-4.26.14H5L3组的相对荧光强度为0.78。可见，066-4.26.14人源化抗体均可抑制Aβ聚合。
实施例13人源化Aβ抗体细胞毒保护活性检测
对数生长期SHSY5Y细胞，0.25％胰蛋白酶消化、计数，用含10％胎牛血清的EMEM培养液(ATCC)调整细胞密度至3×10 4/ml，接种96孔细胞培养板，100μl/孔；1％胎牛血清的EMEM培养基稀释066-4.26.14人源化候选抗体至200μg/ml(IC100)，作为工作液，Aβ稀释至240μg/ml。弃掉培养板中培养基，先加入50μl候选抗体稀释液，再加入50μl Aβ稀释液，设置复孔；37℃ 5％CO 2培养箱中培养48小时；取50μl上清，加入新96孔板中，再加入50μl LDH assay buffer，室温避光作用30min， 加入50μl stop solution，多功能酶标仪检测吸光值。横坐标为不同加样组，纵坐标为LDH释放相对值，结果见图12。hIgG的LDH释放相对值为1.00，066-P02组的LDH释放相对值1.26，066-4.26.14-mAb组的LDH释放相对值为1.20，066-4.26.14-chAb组的LDH释放相对值为1.32，066-4.26.14H2L2组的LDH释放相对值为1.41，066-4.26.14H2L3组的LDH释放相对值为1.42，066-4.26.14H4L2组的LDH释放相对值为1.30，066-4.26.14H5L1组的LDH释放相对值为1.37，066-4.26.14H5L2组的LDH释放相对值为1.26，066-4.26.14H5L3组的LDH释放相对值为1.41。可见，066-4.26.14人源化候选抗体均具有细胞毒保护作用，且保护作用与066-P02相当，其中066-4.26.14H5L2表现最优。
以上对本发明所提供的人源化抗Aβ单克隆抗体及其应用进行了详细介绍。本文应用了具体个例对本发明的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本发明的方法及其核心思想。应当指出，对于本技术领域技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以对本发明进行若干改进和修饰，这些改进和修饰也落入本发明权利要求的保护范围内。

Claims (20)

  1. 人源化抗Aβ的单克隆抗体，其特征在于，
    (I)、所述单克隆抗体的重链的三个CDR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:1、2和3所示的氨基酸序列；且(II)、所述单克隆抗体的轻链的三个CDR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:4、5和6所示的氨基酸序列；
    或
    (III)、(I)或(II)所述氨基酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个氨基酸获得的氨基酸序列，且与(I)或(II)所述氨基酸序列功能相同的氨基酸序列；
    或
    (IV)、与(I)、(II)或(III)所述氨基酸序列具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列。
  2. 如权利要求1所述的单克隆抗体，其特征在于，
    (V)、所述单克隆抗体的重链的4个FR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:7、8、9和10所示的氨基酸序列；且(VI)、所述单克隆抗体的轻链的4个FR区的氨基酸序列分别具有如SEQ ID NO:11、12、13和14所示的氨基酸序列；
    或
    (VII)、(V)或(VI)所述氨基酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个氨基酸获得的氨基酸序列，且与(V)或(VI)所述氨基酸序列功能相同的氨基酸序列；
    或
    (VIII)、与(V)、(VI)或(VII)所述氨基酸序列具有97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列。
  3. 如权利要求1所述的单克隆抗体，其特征在于，
    (IX)、其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:15～19中任一项所示的氨基酸序列，且(X)、其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:20～24中任一项所示的氨基酸序列；
    或
    (XI)、(IX)或(X)所述氨基酸序列经取代、缺失或添加一个或多个氨基酸获得的氨基酸序列，且与(IX)或(X)所述氨基酸序列功能相同的氨基酸序列；
    或
    (XII)、与(IX)、(X)或(XI)所述氨基酸序列97％以上同源性的氨基酸序列。
  4. 如权利要求1或3所述的单克隆抗体，其特征在于，所述单克隆抗体的抗原表位均为Aβ 30～42。
  5. 如权利要求1或3所述的单克隆抗体，其特征在于，
    (XIII)、其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:16所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:21所示的氨基酸序列；
    或(XIV)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:16所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:22所示的氨基酸序列；
    或(XV)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:18所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:21所示的氨基酸序列；
    或(XVI)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:19所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:20所示的氨基酸序列；
    或(XVII)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:19所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:21所示的氨基酸序列；
    或(XVIII)其重链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:19所示的氨基酸序列，其轻链可变区具有如SEQ ID NO:22所示的氨基酸序列。
  6. 如权利要求1至5任一项所述的单克隆抗体，其特征在于，所述多个为2个、3个、4个或5个。
  7. 如权利要求1～6任意一项所述的单克隆抗体，还包括恒定区，所述单克隆抗体的重链的恒定区为人IgG1、IgG2、IgG3或IgG4的任意一种；所述单克隆抗体的轻链的恒定区为κ型或λ型。
  8. 编码如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗体的核苷酸。
  9. 一种表达载体，包括编码如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗 体的核苷酸。
  10. 转化或转染如权利要求9所述的表达载体的宿主细胞。
  11. 如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗体的制备方法，包括：培养如权利要求10所述的宿主细胞、诱导人源化抗Aβ的单克隆抗体的表达。
  12. 结合物，其特征在于，包含经化学标记或生物标记的如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗体。
  13. 如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗体或如权利要求12所述的结合物与固体介质或半固体介质偶联制得的偶联物。
  14. 如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗体、权利要求12所述的结合物和/或权利要求13所述的偶联物在制备抗认知缺损的作用剂、用于阿尔茨海默氏病的治疗剂、用于阻抑阿尔茨海默氏病进展的作用剂、用于抑制老年斑形成的作用剂、用于阻抑Aβ积累的作用剂、抗神经毒剂、用于抑制Aβ淀粉状蛋白原纤维形成的作用剂和/或抗突触毒性的作用剂中的应用。
  15. 如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗体、权利要求12所述的结合物和/或权利要求13所述的偶联物在制备防治疾病的药物中的应用；
    所述疾病包括淀粉样变性，所述淀粉样变性包括继发性淀粉样变性和年龄相关的淀粉样变性，所述疾病包括但不限于神经疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病。
  16. 药物，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗体、如权利要求12所述的结合物和/或如权利要求13所述的偶联物。
  17. 疾病的预防和/或治疗方法，其特征在于，给予如权利要求16所述的药物；所述疾病包括淀粉样变性，所述淀粉样变性包括继发性淀粉样变性和年龄相关的淀粉样变性，所述疾病包括但不限于神经疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病。
  18. 如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗体、权利要求12所述的结合物和/或权利要求13所述的偶联物在制备检测Aβ表达的产品中的应用。
  19. 试剂盒，包括如权利要求1～7任一项所述的单克隆抗体、如权利要求12所述的结合物和/或如权利要求13所述的偶联物。
  20. 疾病的诊断方法，其特征在于，以如权利要求19所述的试剂盒检测Aβ表达，根据Aβ的表达量判断是否患有疾病；
    所述疾病包括淀粉样变性，所述淀粉样变性包括继发性淀粉样变性和年龄相关的淀粉样变性，所述疾病包括但不限于神经疾病诸如阿尔茨海默病。
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