WO2020057751A1 - Dispositifs et procédés pour communications sans fil à antennes multiples - Google Patents
Dispositifs et procédés pour communications sans fil à antennes multiples Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- WO2020057751A1 WO2020057751A1 PCT/EP2018/075526 EP2018075526W WO2020057751A1 WO 2020057751 A1 WO2020057751 A1 WO 2020057751A1 EP 2018075526 W EP2018075526 W EP 2018075526W WO 2020057751 A1 WO2020057751 A1 WO 2020057751A1
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- WO
- WIPO (PCT)
- Prior art keywords
- mobile terminal
- antenna
- identifier
- base station
- initial access
- Prior art date
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/06—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the transmitting station
- H04B7/0686—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission
- H04B7/0695—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and simultaneous transmission using beam selection
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04B—TRANSMISSION
- H04B7/00—Radio transmission systems, i.e. using radiation field
- H04B7/02—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas
- H04B7/04—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas
- H04B7/08—Diversity systems; Multi-antenna system, i.e. transmission or reception using multiple antennas using two or more spaced independent antennas at the receiving station
- H04B7/0868—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining
- H04B7/088—Hybrid systems, i.e. switching and combining using beam selection
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the field of wireless communications using beamforming. More specifically, the present invention relates to a multi-antenna mobile terminal and a multi-antenna base station of a wireless communication network.
- both a transmitter and a receiver generally use beamforming to ensure that the energy is conveyed from the transmitter to the receiver.
- a general challenge arising under these circumstances is the initial access problem, i.e. the problem of establishing the millimeter communication link by finding the beam direction of the transmission at both the transmitter, e.g. a mobile terminal, and the receiver, e.g. a base station.
- IA initial access
- LTE long-term-evolution
- an omni-directional search was possible and once the communication channel has been established suitable beamformers can be designed to focus information in specific directions. Due to the high attenuation of mm-wave band an omni-directional search is generally not possible from the mobile terminal to the base station.
- the base station In non-context-information based schemes the base station generally does not have any a-priori information on the position of the mobile terminal. Examples include the
- the base station In context-information based schemes the base station generally has some a-priori knowledge about the position of the mobile terminal, acquired for example by using the GPS coordinates of the mobile terminal or by triangularization by other base stations. In this case a communication channel must be established on another band in order to exchange this context information.
- Embodiments of the invention are defined by the features of the independent claims. Further advantageous implementations of the embodiments are defined by the features of the dependent claims.
- embodiments of the invention are based on the idea that the mobile terminal looking for initial access interacts with one or more neighboring mobile terminals in order to acquire information about which beamformer is used by the neighboring nodes to communicate with the base station and, based on that, to optimize the choice of its own beamformer to communicate with the base station.
- the invention relates to a multi-antenna mobile terminal configured to determine a target beam direction from a plurality of beam directions for establishing an initial access millimeter wave communication link with a multi-antenna base station, wherein each beam direction is identified by a beam identifier.
- multi-antenna mobile terminal and “multi-antenna base station” implies that the multi-antenna mobile terminal and the multi-antenna base station are configured to use beamforming.
- the multi-antenna mobile terminal comprises: a communication interface configured to receive a first beam identifier for identifying a first beam direction used by a neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal for communicating with the multi-antenna base station; and a processor configured to determine the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions on the basis of the first beam identifier for establishing the initial access millimeter wave communication link with the multi-antenna base station.
- the multi-antenna mobile terminal can make advantageous use of the beamforming information provided by the neighboring mobile terminal.
- the processor is configured to determine the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions on the basis of the first beam identifier by adjusting a predefined initial access search order on the basis of the first beam identifier, wherein the predefined initial access search order defines an order of the plurality of beam directions for trying to establish the initial access millimeter wave communication link with the multi-antenna base station.
- this provides for a shorter initial access search and, thus, a more efficient establishment of the initial access millimeter wave communication link with the multi-antenna base station.
- the processor is configured to adjust the predefined initial access search order on the basis of the first beam identifier by starting the initial access search with the first beam direction identified by the first beam identifier and continuing the initial access search with one or more neighboring beam directions of the first beam direction, as long as necessary.
- this provides for a shorter initial access search and, thus, a more efficient establishment of the initial access millimeter wave communication link with the multi-antenna base station.
- the communication interface is further configured to receive a second beam identifier identifying a second beam direction used by the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal for communicating with the multi antenna mobile terminal, wherein the processor is configured to determine the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions on the basis of the first beam identifier and the second beam identifier.
- the processor is configured to determine the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions on the basis of the first beam identifier and the second beam identifier by aligning an orientation of a local coordinate system of the multi-antenna mobile terminal with an orientation of a local coordinate system of the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal.
- the processor is further configured to select the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal from a plurality of multi antenna mobile terminals on the basis of a respective signal strength received by the communication interface from each of the plurality of multi-antenna mobile terminals.
- the communication interface is further configured to receive position information for a plurality of multi-antenna mobile terminals, wherein the processor is configured to select the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal from the plurality of multi-antenna mobile terminals on the basis of the position information for each of the plurality of multi-antenna mobile terminals.
- the invention relates to a corresponding method of determining a target beam direction from a plurality of beam directions for establishing an initial access communication link with a multi-antenna base station, wherein each beam direction is identified by a beam identifier.
- the method comprises the steps of: receiving a first beam identifier for identifying a first beam direction used by a neighboring multi antenna mobile terminal for communicating with the multi-antenna base station; and determining the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions on the basis of the first beam identifier.
- the method according to the second aspect of the invention can be performed by the multi-antenna mobile terminal according to the first aspect of the invention. Further features of the method according to the second aspect of the invention result directly from the functionality of the multi-antenna mobile terminal according to the first aspect of the invention and its different implementation forms described above and below.
- the invention relates to a multi-antenna base station configured to determine a target beam direction from a plurality of beam directions for establishing an initial access communication link with a mobile terminal, wherein each beam direction is identified by a beam identifier.
- the multi-antenna base station comprises: a communication interface configured to receive an identifier of a neighboring mobile terminal of the mobile terminal; and a processor configured to determine on the basis of the identifier a first beam identifier identifying a first beam direction used by the multi-antenna base station for communication with the neighboring mobile terminal and to determine the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions on the basis of the first beam identifier.
- the multi-antenna base station according to the third aspect can provide for a more efficient initial access procedure.
- the processor is configured to determine the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions on the basis of the first beam identifier by adjusting a predefined initial access search order on the basis of the first beam identifier, wherein the predefined initial access search order defines an order of the plurality of beam directions for trying to establish the initial access
- the processor is configured to adjust the predefined initial access search order on the basis of the first beam identifier by starting the initial access search with the first beam direction identified by the first beam identifier and continuing the initial access search with one or more neighboring beam directions of the first beam direction identified by the first beam identifier.
- the mobile terminal and/or the neighboring mobile terminal is a multi-antenna mobile terminal.
- the invention relates to a corresponding method of determining a target beam direction from a plurality of beam directions for establishing an initial access communication link with a mobile terminal, wherein each beam direction is identified by a beam identifier.
- the method comprises the steps of: receiving an identifier of a neighboring mobile terminal of the mobile terminal; determining on the basis of the identifier a first beam identifier identifying a first beam direction used by the multi-antenna base station for communication with the neighboring mobile terminal; and determining the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions on the basis of the first beam identifier.
- the method according to the fourth aspect of the invention can be performed by the multi antenna base station according to the third aspect of the invention. Further features of the method according to the fourth aspect of the invention result directly from the functionality of the multi-antenna base station according to the third aspect of the invention and its different implementation forms described above and below.
- the invention relates to a computer program product comprising program code for performing the method according to the second aspect and/or the fourth aspect of the invention when executed on a computer.
- Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a wireless communication system with a multi-antenna mobile terminal according to an embodiment and a multi antenna base station according to an embodiment;
- Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating a coordinate system alignment used by the
- multi-antenna mobile terminal according to an embodiment in the wireless communication system of figure 1 ;
- Fig. 3 is a flow diagram showing an example of processing steps of a method of
- Fig. 4 is a flow diagram showing an example of processing steps of a method of
- Fig. 5 is a graph illustrating the average discovery delay as a function of the number of mobile terminals in the cell of a multi-antenna base station according to an embodiment.
- a disclosure in connection with a described method may also hold true for a corresponding device or system configured to perform the method and vice versa.
- a corresponding device may include one or a plurality of units, e.g. functional units, to perform the described one or plurality of method steps (e.g. one unit performing the one or plurality of steps, or a plurality of units each performing one or more of the plurality of steps), even if such one or more units are not explicitly described or illustrated in the figures.
- a specific apparatus is described based on one or a plurality of units, e.g.
- a corresponding method may include one step to perform the functionality of the one or plurality of units (e.g. one step performing the functionality of the one or plurality of units, or a plurality of steps each performing the functionality of one or more of the plurality of units), even if such one or plurality of steps are not explicitly described or illustrated in the figures. Further, it is understood that the features of the various exemplary embodiments and/or aspects described herein may be combined with each other, unless specifically noted otherwise.
- FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing an example of a wireless communication network or system 100 with a multi-antenna mobile terminal (MT) 1 1 1 according to an embodiment and a multi-antenna base station (BS) 101 according to an embodiment.
- the multi-antenna base station 101 can define a cell of the wireless communication network 100.
- additional neighboring multi antenna mobile terminal 121 , 131 can be located in the cell defined by the wireless communication network 100.
- the mobile terminal 1 1 1 and the neighboring mobile terminals 121 , 131 are multi-antenna mobile terminals, i.e. configured to use beamforming for communicating with the base station and/or with each other.
- one or more of the mobile terminals 1 1 1 , 121 , 131 can be single-antenna mobile terminals using omni-directional transmission.
- both the base station 101 and the mobile terminals 1 1 1 1 , 121 , 131 are each equipped with multiple antennas.
- each device can focus the transmission of signals in a specific direction or can receive the signals from a specific direction. Under these circumstances it can be assumed that only when the transmit and receive directions are properly aligned a communication can occur.
- the mobile terminal 1 1 1 wants to obtain initial access, when it enters the cell defined by the base station 101 , conventionally by means of a discovery procedure the mobile terminal 1 1 1 must determine the direction of transmission to the base station 101 , while the base station 101 must determine the direction of transmission to the mobile terminal 1 1 1.
- the mobile terminal 1 1 1 For way of example, let (a 1; a 2 , .... , a N ) be the set of angles (i.e. beam directions) explored by the mobile terminal 1 1 1 in the discovery procedure and let (/3 ⁇ 4,/3 ⁇ 4, - , b M be the set of angles (i.e.
- both the mobile terminal 1 1 1 and the base station 101 will explore all angles, i.e. beam directions until they find the alignment.
- embodiments of the invention are based on the idea that the mobile terminal 1 1 1 looking for initial access can interact with one or more of the neighboring mobile terminals 121 , 131 in order to acquire information about which beamformer is used by the neighboring nodes 121 , 131 to communicate with the base station.
- the mobile terminal 1 1 1 can optimize the choice of its beamformer, i.e. beam direction to
- the multi-antenna mobile terminal 1 1 1 is configured to determine a target beam direction from a plurality of beam directions (two exemplary beam directions 1 1 1 a, 1 1 1 b are referenced in figure 1 as representatives for the plurality of beam directions) for establishing an initial access millimeter wave communication link with the multi-antenna base station 101 .
- the multi-antenna mobile terminal 1 1 1 comprises a processor 1 13 and a communication interface 1 15.
- the communication interface 1 15 is configured to receive a first MT beam identifier, such as a first MT beam index, for identifying a first MT beam direction 121 b used by the
- the processor 1 13 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 is configured to determine the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions 1 1 1 a, 1 1 1 b on the basis of the first MT beam identifier for establishing the initial access millimeter wave
- the multi-antenna base station 101 is configured to determine a target beam direction from a plurality of beam directions (two exemplary beam directions 101 a, 101 b are referenced in figure 1 as representatives for the plurality of beam directions) for establishing an initial access communication link with the mobile terminal 1 1 1 .
- the multi-antenna base station 101 comprises a processor 103 and a communication interface 105.
- the communication interface 105 is configured to receive an identifier of a neighboring mobile terminal 121 ,
- the identifier of the neighboring mobile terminal 121 , 131 could be an index, an IMSI or a unique hardware identifier of the neighboring mobile terminal 121 , 131.
- the processor 103 of the multi-antenna base station 101 is configured to determine on the basis of the identifier a first BS beam identifier identifying a first BS beam direction 101 b used by the multi-antenna base station 101 for communication with the neighboring mobile terminal 121 and to determine the target beam direction 101 a from the plurality of beam directions on the basis of the first BS beam identifier.
- the multi-antenna base station according to the third aspect can provide for a more efficient initial access procedure.
- the mobile terminal 1 1 1 and the neighboring mobile terminals 121 , 131 can be located very close together, in which case the beam directions 1 1 1 b and 121 b as well as the beam directions 101 a and 101 b can be very similar or even identical.
- the processor 1 13 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 is configured to determine the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions 1 1 1 a, 1 1 1 b on the basis of the first MT beam identifier by adjusting a predefined initial access search order, such as the conventional initial access search order on the basis of the first MT beam identifier.
- the predefined initial access search order defines an order of the plurality of beam directions for trying to establish the initial access millimeter wave communication link with the multi-antenna base station 101 .
- the processor 103 of the base station 101 is configured to determine the target beam direction 101 a from the plurality of beam directions 101 a, 101 b on the basis of the first BS beam identifier by adjusting a predefined initial access search order on the basis of the first BS beam identifier, wherein the predefined initial access search order defines an order of the plurality of beam directions for trying to establish the initial access communication link with the mobile terminal 1 1 1 .
- the processor 1 13 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 is configured to adjust the predefined initial access search order on the basis of the first MT beam identifier by starting the initial access search with the first MT beam direction 1 1 1 b identified by the first MT beam identifier and continuing the initial access search with one or more neighboring beam directions of the first MT beam direction 1 1 1 b, as long as necessary.
- the processor 103 of the base station 101 is configured to adjust the predefined initial access search order on the basis of the first BS beam identifier by starting the initial access search with the first BS beam direction 101 a identified by the first BS beam identifier and continuing the initial access search with one or more neighboring beam directions of the first beam direction 101 a identified by the first beam identifier.
- the communication interface 1 15 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 is further configured to receive a second MT beam identifier identifying a second MT beam direction 121 a used by the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal 121 , 131 for communicating with the multi-antenna mobile terminal 1 1 1 .
- the processor 1 13 can be configured to determine the target beam direction 1 1 1 b from the plurality of beam directions 1 1 1 a, 1 1 1 b on the basis of the first MT beam identifier and the second MT beam identifier.
- the processor 1 13 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 can be configured to determine the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions 1 1 1 a, 1 1 1 b on the basis of the first MT beam identifier and the second MT beam identifier by aligning a local coordinate system of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 with a local coordinate system of the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal 121 , 131 , as illustrated in figure 2.
- the mobile terminal 1 1 1 and the neighboring mobile terminal 121 have different orientations of the local coordinate systems (illustrated by the respective x- and y-axes).
- the processor 1 13 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 can adjust its local coordinate system to the one of the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal 121 and determine the beam 1 1 1 b (referred to as beam n' in figure 2) as the candidate beam for the discovery procedure.
- the processor 1 13 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 is further configured to select the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal 121 , 131 from a plurality of multi antenna mobile terminals on the basis of a respective signal strength received by the communication interface 1 15 from each of the plurality of multi-antenna mobile terminals 121 , 131 .
- the communication interface 1 15 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 is further configured to receive position information for a plurality of multi-antenna mobile terminals, wherein the processor 1 13 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 is configured to select the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal from the plurality of multi-antenna mobile terminals 121 , 131 on the basis of the position information for each of the plurality of multi antenna mobile terminals 121 , 131 .
- the mobile terminal 1 1 1 and/or the base station 101 can be implemented to perform one or more of the following steps of a discovery procedure:
- the mobile terminal 1 1 1 determines one of the nearest neighboring mobile terminals 121 , 131 (also referred to as MT B);
- the base station 101 acquires the selected beamforming angle index m used for transmitting to MT B.
- MT A acquires the selected beamforming angle index n of MT B used to transmit to the base station 101 and the beamforming angle index p used by MT B to transmit to MT A;
- n' (which takes into account a possible misalignment between the local coordinate systems of MT A and MT B) to start the search, i.e. the discovery procedure, while for the base station 101 the discovery procedure starts at m.
- Angles are explored starting from those closest to the indices n' and m. For example, for the base station 101 the sequence of explored angles
- the mobile terminal 1 1 1 can:
- (c) use information about the geographical positions of the MTs shared by high layer procedures, possibly through the base station 101.
- the base station 101 can determine MT B, for example by:
- the acquisition by MT A of the selected beamforming angle index of MT B can be obtained for example by:
- Figure 3 is a flow diagram showing an example of processing steps of a method 300 of determining a target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions 1 1 1 a, 1 1 1 b by the multi-antenna mobile terminal 1 1 1 according to an embodiment for establishing an initial access communication link with the multi-antenna base station 101 .
- the method 300 comprises the steps of: receiving 301 a first beam identifier by the multi-antenna mobile terminal 1 1 1 for identifying a first beam direction 121 b used by the neighboring multi-antenna mobile terminal 121 , 131 for communicating with the multi-antenna base station 101 ; and determining 303 the target beam direction from the plurality of beam directions 1 1 1 a, 1 1 1 b on the basis of the first beam identifier.
- Figure 4 is a flow diagram showing an example of processing steps of a method 400 of determining a target beam direction by the multi-antenna base station 101 according to an embodiment for establishing an initial access communication link with the mobile terminal 1 1 1 .
- the method 400 comprises the steps of: receiving 401 an identifier of a neighboring mobile terminal 121 , 131 of the mobile terminal 1 1 1 ; determining 403 on the basis of the identifier a first beam identifier identifying a first beam direction 101 b used by the multi antenna base station 101 for communication with the neighboring mobile terminal 121 ,
- Figure 5 shows a graph illustrating the average discovery delay as a function of the number of mobile terminals 1 1 1 , 121 , 131 in the cell of the multi-antenna base station 101 as provided by embodiments of the invention.
- M 16 beaming directions identified by 16 angle indices
- N 4 beaming directions identified by 4 angle indices.
- Figure 5 illustrates the average total number of attempts, i.e.
- the average discovery delay provided by embodiments of the invention as a function of the number of mobile terminals 1 1 1 , 121 , 131 present in the cell defined by the base station 101 .
- a uniform deployment of mobile terminals i.e. users is assumed in a ring having an inner circle of radius 5m and an outer circle of radius 20m.
- embodiments of the invention include the interaction with more than one neighboring mobile terminal 121 , 131 to obtain a better estimate of the beamforming angle and/or optimize the strategy of exploration of the transmission directions.
- Embodiments of the invention provide, for instance, for the following advantages.
- Embodiments of the invention provide a context-information scheme that exploits context information, namely information about the beamformer used by neighboring mobile terminals in order to speed up the initial access procedure.
- Embodiments of the invention do not rely on specially deployed anchor nodes as.
- Embodiments of the invention do not require GPS coordinates and/or do not need a-priory training of the base station 101 to know the relation between coordinates and sectors.
- the disclosed system, apparatus, and method may be implemented in other manners.
- the described apparatus embodiment is merely exemplary.
- the unit division is merely logical function division and may be other division in actual implementation.
- a plurality of units or components may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed.
- the indirect couplings or communication connections between the apparatuses or units may be implemented in electronic, mechanical, or other forms.
- the units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units, may be located in one position, or may be distributed on a plurality of network units. Some or all of the units may be selected according to actual needs to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
- functional units in the embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist alone physically, or two or more units are integrated into one unit.
- Embodiments of the invention may further comprise an apparatus, which comprises processing circuitry configured to perform any of the methods and/or processes described herein.
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Abstract
L'invention concerne un terminal mobile à antennes multiples (111) configuré pour déterminer une direction de faisceau cible à partir d'une pluralité de directions de faisceau (111a, 111b) pour établir une liaison de communication d'accès initial avec une station de base à antennes multiples (101), chaque direction de faisceau (111a, 111b) étant identifiée par un identifiant de faisceau. Le terminal mobile à antennes multiples (111) comprend : une interface de communication (115) configurée pour recevoir un premier identifiant de faisceau pour identifier une première direction de faisceau (121b) utilisée par un terminal mobile à antennes multiples voisin (121, 131) pour communiquer avec la station de base à antennes multiples (101) ; et un processeur (113) configuré pour déterminer la direction de faisceau cible à partir de la pluralité de directions de faisceau (111a, 111b) sur la base du premier identifiant de faisceau. L'invention concerne en outre une station de base à antennes multiples ainsi que des procédés correspondants.
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PCT/EP2018/075526 WO2020057751A1 (fr) | 2018-09-20 | 2018-09-20 | Dispositifs et procédés pour communications sans fil à antennes multiples |
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PCT/EP2018/075526 WO2020057751A1 (fr) | 2018-09-20 | 2018-09-20 | Dispositifs et procédés pour communications sans fil à antennes multiples |
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CN106304120A (zh) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-01-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种波束识别方法、系统和网络节点 |
GB2546099A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-07-12 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Initial access method |
WO2017184190A1 (fr) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-26 | Intel Corporation | Sélection de directions de formation de faisceau basée sur des performances apprises |
CN107466108A (zh) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-12 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | 一种通信连接方法和移动终端 |
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US20100151865A1 (en) * | 2008-12-11 | 2010-06-17 | Sony Ericsson Mobile Communications Ab | Interference Reduction in High-Speed Wireless Data Networks |
CN106304120A (zh) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-01-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | 一种波束识别方法、系统和网络节点 |
GB2546099A (en) * | 2016-01-08 | 2017-07-12 | Samsung Electronics Co Ltd | Initial access method |
WO2017184190A1 (fr) * | 2016-04-18 | 2017-10-26 | Intel Corporation | Sélection de directions de formation de faisceau basée sur des performances apprises |
CN107466108A (zh) * | 2017-08-29 | 2017-12-12 | 维沃移动通信有限公司 | 一种通信连接方法和移动终端 |
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