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WO2019238129A1 - 一种热泵系统 - Google Patents

一种热泵系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019238129A1
WO2019238129A1 PCT/CN2019/091367 CN2019091367W WO2019238129A1 WO 2019238129 A1 WO2019238129 A1 WO 2019238129A1 CN 2019091367 W CN2019091367 W CN 2019091367W WO 2019238129 A1 WO2019238129 A1 WO 2019238129A1
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WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
heat exchanger
port
heat
valve
communication
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/091367
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董军启
贾世伟
Original Assignee
杭州三花研究院有限公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Priority claimed from CN201810613903.5A external-priority patent/CN110608540B/zh
Application filed by 杭州三花研究院有限公司 filed Critical 杭州三花研究院有限公司
Priority to EP19820629.4A priority Critical patent/EP3786546B1/en
Priority to US17/041,423 priority patent/US11747057B2/en
Publication of WO2019238129A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019238129A1/zh

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B30/00Heat pumps
    • F25B30/02Heat pumps of the compression type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B41/00Fluid-circulation arrangements
    • F25B41/20Disposition of valves, e.g. of on-off valves or flow control valves
    • F25B41/24Arrangement of shut-off valves for disconnecting a part of the refrigerant cycle, e.g. an outdoor part
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00007Combined heating, ventilating, or cooling devices
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00357Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles
    • B60H1/00385Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell
    • B60H1/00392Air-conditioning arrangements specially adapted for particular vehicles for vehicles having an electrical drive, e.g. hybrid or fuel cell for electric vehicles having only electric drive means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00907Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant changes and an evaporator becomes condenser
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00914Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is a bypass of the condenser
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H1/00899Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system
    • B60H1/00921Controlling the flow of liquid in a heat pump system where the flow direction of the refrigerant does not change and there is an extra subcondenser, e.g. in an air duct
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3205Control means therefor
    • B60H1/3213Control means therefor for increasing the efficiency in a vehicle heat pump
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/32Cooling devices
    • B60H1/3204Cooling devices using compression
    • B60H1/3228Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations
    • B60H1/32284Cooling devices using compression characterised by refrigerant circuit configurations comprising two or more secondary circuits, e.g. at evaporator and condenser side
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B13/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B40/00Subcoolers, desuperheaters or superheaters
    • F25B40/06Superheaters
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00928Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising a secondary circuit
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00935Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising four way valves for controlling the fluid direction
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60HARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
    • B60H1/00Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
    • B60H1/00642Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
    • B60H1/00814Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
    • B60H1/00878Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
    • B60H2001/00957Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices comprising locations with heat exchange within the refrigerant circuit itself, e.g. cross-, counter-, or parallel heat exchange
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/003Indoor unit with water as a heat sink or heat source
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/009Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for indoor unit in circulation with outdoor unit in first operation mode, indoor unit in circulation with an other heat exchanger in second operation mode or outdoor unit in circulation with an other heat exchanger in third operation mode
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/021Indoor unit or outdoor unit with auxiliary heat exchanger not forming part of the indoor or outdoor unit
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02732Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using two three-way valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2313/00Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for
    • F25B2313/027Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means
    • F25B2313/02791Compression machines, plants or systems with reversible cycle not otherwise provided for characterised by the reversing means using shut-off valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2339/00Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/04Details of condensers
    • F25B2339/047Water-cooled condensers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/01Heaters
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2400/00General features or devices for refrigeration machines, plants or systems, combined heating and refrigeration systems or heat-pump systems, i.e. not limited to a particular subgroup of F25B
    • F25B2400/04Refrigeration circuit bypassing means
    • F25B2400/0411Refrigeration circuit bypassing means for the expansion valve or capillary tube
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B2600/00Control issues
    • F25B2600/25Control of valves
    • F25B2600/2501Bypass valves
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B49/00Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F25B49/02Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B5/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity
    • F25B5/04Compression machines, plants or systems, with several evaporator circuits, e.g. for varying refrigerating capacity arranged in series
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25BREFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B6/00Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits
    • F25B6/04Compression machines, plants or systems, with several condenser circuits arranged in series

Definitions

  • This article relates to the field of thermal management technology.
  • setting an intermediate heat exchanger in a heat pump system can improve the performance of the heat pump system.
  • the intermediate heat exchanger can improve the cooling performance of the heat pump system.
  • the intermediate heat exchanger increases the suction capacity of the compressor. The heat may cause the performance of the heat pump to decrease. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the existing technology to help improve the performance of the thermal management system.
  • This article provides a heat pump system to help improve the performance of the heat pump system.
  • This article provides a heat pump system, including a compressor, a first heat exchanger, a second heat exchanger, a third heat exchanger, and an intermediate heat exchanger.
  • the intermediate heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange section and a second heat exchanger.
  • a heat exchange section wherein the first heat exchange section and the second heat exchange section are capable of exchanging heat, a first port of the first heat exchange section communicates with an inlet of the compressor, and the first heat exchange section
  • the second port of the second heat exchanger can communicate with at least one of the outlet of the second heat exchanger and the second port of the third heat exchanger, and the first port of the second heat exchanger can communicate with the third port.
  • the first port of the heat exchanger is connected;
  • An outlet of the first heat exchanger can communicate with a first port of the third heat exchanger through a first throttling element; a first port or a second port of the second heat exchange section can pass through a first valve And the first port of the third heat exchanger can communicate with the inlet of the second heat exchanger through the first valve member;
  • the heat pump system includes a cooling mode and a heating mode.
  • an outlet of the first heat exchanger passes the first throttling element and a first of the third heat exchanger.
  • the port is in communication, the first valve member is at least partially closed, and the first throttle element is opened.
  • Embodiment 1 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a cooling mode;
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a heating mode
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a first dehumidification mode
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 1 of the present invention in a second dehumidification mode;
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 2 of the present invention in a heating mode
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention in a cooling mode
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention in a heating mode
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention in a first dehumidification mode
  • FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention in a second dehumidification mode
  • FIG. 10 is a schematic communication diagram of a first fluid switching valve provided in Embodiment 3 of the present invention when the first fluid switching valve is in a first working mode;
  • FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram when the first fluid switching valve provided in the third embodiment of the present invention is in a second working mode
  • FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in a fourth embodiment of the present invention in a heating mode
  • FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram when a second fluid switching valve provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention is in a first working mode
  • FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram when a second fluid switching valve provided in Embodiment 4 of the present invention is in a second working mode
  • FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 5 of the present invention in a heating mode
  • FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 6 of the present invention in a cooling mode
  • FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in a sixth embodiment of the present invention in a heating mode
  • FIG. 18 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 6 of the present invention in a first dehumidification mode
  • FIG. 19 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 6 of the present invention in a second dehumidification mode
  • FIG. 20 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 7 of the present invention in a heating mode
  • FIG. 21 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 8 of the present invention in a cooling mode
  • FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 8 of the present invention in a heating mode
  • FIG. 23 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 8 of the present invention in a first dehumidification mode
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in Embodiment 8 of the present invention in a second dehumidification mode
  • FIG. 25 is a schematic diagram when a first fluid switching valve provided in Embodiment 8 of the present invention is in a first working mode
  • 26 is a schematic diagram when the first fluid switching valve provided in the eighth embodiment of the present invention is in the second working mode
  • FIG. 27 is a schematic diagram of a heat pump system provided in a ninth embodiment of the present invention in a heating mode
  • FIG. 28 is a state diagram when the second fluid switching valve provided in the ninth embodiment of the present invention is in the first working mode
  • FIG. 29 is a connection state diagram of the second fluid switching valve provided in the ninth working mode provided in the ninth embodiment of this document;
  • FIG. 30 is a schematic diagram of the heat pump system provided in the ninth embodiment of the present invention in a heating mode.
  • the thick solid lines in FIGS. 1 to 15 indicate conduction, and the thin solid lines indicate non-conduction.
  • One or more embodiments of the heat pump system may be applicable to a home air-conditioning system, a car air-conditioning system, or a commercial air-conditioning system.
  • the following uses a car heat pump system as an example.
  • this embodiment provides a heat pump system, which has a plurality of working modes such as a cooling mode, a heating mode, and a dehumidification mode (or a defog mode).
  • the heat pump system includes an air conditioning box for adjusting at least one of temperature and humidity in the cabin.
  • the heat pump system further includes a compressor 1, a gas-liquid separator 2, a third heat exchanger 5, and an intermediate heat exchanger 6.
  • the air conditioner is provided with an air duct. One end of the air duct is provided with a first air door 14 for circulating air into the air duct. The other end of the air duct is provided with a grille 15 for supplying air into the compartment.
  • a fan 16, a second heat exchanger 4, and a first heat exchanger 3 are provided in order from the inlet to the outlet of the air duct.
  • a second damper 17 is provided at the first heat exchanger 3 to control the flow through the first heat exchanger. 3 air flow.
  • the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 4 can selectively heat, cool or defog the car according to the working conditions in the car. It can be understood that the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 4 described above can be installed not only inside the vehicle cabin, but also outside the vehicle cabin, and the air is sent into the vehicle cabin through the air supply duct.
  • the intermediate heat exchanger 6 includes a first heat exchange portion 61 and a second heat exchange portion 62.
  • the first heat exchange portion 61 is relatively disconnected from the second heat exchange portion 62, and the first heat exchange portion 61 and the second heat exchange portion
  • the fluid flow between 62 is independent, and the two can exchange heat.
  • the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 of the first embodiment is used to pass a relatively low-pressure refrigerant
  • the second heat exchange section 62 is used to pass a relatively high-pressure refrigerant.
  • the outlet of the compressor 1 can communicate with the inlet of the first heat exchanger 3 through the second valve member 10, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger 3 can communicate with the second port of the second heat exchange section 62, and the second heat exchange section
  • the first port of 62 can communicate with the first port of the third heat exchanger 5;
  • the second port of the third heat exchanger 5 can communicate with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2 through the fourth valve member 12;
  • the outlet of 2 can communicate with the second port of the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, and the first port of the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 communicates with the inlet of the compressor 1;
  • the compressor 1 The outlet of the can be communicated with the second port of the third heat exchanger 5 through the third valve member 11.
  • the second port of the second heat exchanger 62 is also in communication with the inlet of the second heat exchanger 4, and a second throttle element 13 is provided at the inlet of the second heat exchanger 4, and the outlet of the second heat exchanger 4 and The inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2 is communicated.
  • the heat pump system further includes a first path 71, and the first path 71 is provided with a first throttle element 8.
  • the outlet of the first heat exchanger 3 can pass through the first port 71 and the first port of the third heat exchanger 5.
  • the heat pump system further includes a second path 72 including a first valve member 9 and a second heat exchange section 62. One port of the first valve member 9 can be connected to the first port or the first port of the second heat exchange section 62.
  • the second port of the second heat exchange section 62 communicates, and the first port of the third heat exchanger 5 can communicate with the inlet of the second heat exchanger 62 through the second path 72.
  • the first A valve member 9 includes two ports, such as a two-way valve. The first port of the first valve member 9 is in communication with the second port of the second heat exchange portion 62. The second port of the first valve member 9 can be exchanged with the second port.
  • the inlet of the heat exchanger 4 is in communication; or the first port of the first valve member 9 is in communication with the first port of the second heat exchange section 62, and the second port of the first valve member 9 is in communication with the first port of the third heat exchanger 5
  • the first valve element 9 and the first throttle element 8 are integrally provided, the first valve element 9 includes two ports, and the first valve element 9 and the first throttle element 8 are defined as flow adjustment
  • the throttle valve and the flow regulating valve include a valve body, and corresponding ports of the first valve member 9 and the first throttle element 8 are disposed on the valve body.
  • the first valve member 9 includes three ports, such as a three-way valve or a three-way flow regulating valve or two shut-off valves.
  • the first port of the first valve member 9 and the first port of the second heat exchange portion 62 Two ports are in communication, the second port of the first valve member 9 is in communication with the second port of the first throttle element 8, and the third port of the first valve member 9 can be in communication with the inlet of the second heat exchanger 4 or with the first port
  • the outlet of the heat exchanger 3 is in communication; or the first port of the first valve member 9 is in communication with the first port of the second heat exchange portion 62, and the second port of the first valve member 9 is in communication with the first port of the first throttle element 8.
  • the ports communicate with each other, and the third port of the first valve member 9 communicates with the first port of the third heat exchanger 5.
  • the first valve element 9 includes three ports, and the first valve element 9 and the first throttle element 8 are integrally provided.
  • the first valve element 9 and the first throttle element 8 are defined as a flow regulating valve, and the flow regulating valve includes a valve.
  • the respective ports of the first valve member 9 and the first throttle element 8 are provided on the valve body.
  • the first valve member 9 may also be a check valve.
  • the check valve is arranged in series with the second heat exchange portion 62.
  • the inlet of the check valve is in communication with the second port of the second heat exchange portion 62.
  • the outlet of the check valve can be connected to The inlet of the second heat exchanger 4 is in communication, or the outlet of the check valve is in communication with the first port of the second heat exchange section 62, and the inlet of the check valve is in communication with the first port of the third heat exchanger 5.
  • the first path 71 of the heat pump system is provided with a first throttling element 8 for throttling and reducing the pressure of the refrigerant flowing through the first path 71;
  • the second path of the heat pump system includes a first valve 9 and a first valve 9 can make the second circuit conductive or non-conductive; in this way, the heat pump system can select the first circuit 71 conductive or the second circuit 72 conductive according to the operating conditions.
  • This embodiment provides specific arrangements of the second valve member 10, the third valve member 11, and the fourth valve member 12 in the heat pump system.
  • the second valve member 10 and the first valve member 10 may not be provided.
  • Three valve parts 11, and only a fourth valve part 12 and a first three-way valve wherein a first port of the first three-way valve can communicate with the outlet of the compressor 1, and a second port of the first three-way valve can It communicates with the inlet of the first heat exchanger 3, the third port of the first three-way valve can communicate with the second port of the third heat exchanger 5, and the first port of the fourth valve member 12 can communicate with the third heat exchanger.
  • the second port of the valve is in communication, and the second port of the fourth valve member 12 is in communication with the second port of the first heat exchange section 61.
  • This setting can also realize the control function of each working mode in this paper.
  • the third valve member 11 and the fourth valve member 12 may not be provided, and only the second valve member 10 and a second three-way valve may be provided, wherein the second interface of the second three-way valve is provided.
  • the first port of the second valve member 10 is in communication with the outlet of the compressor 1, the second port of the second valve member 10 is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchanger 3, and the first port of the second three-way valve is in communication with The second port of the third heat exchanger 5 is in communication, the third interface of the second three-way valve is in communication with the refrigerant outlet of the second heat exchanger 4, and the third interface of the second three-way valve is in communication with the first heat exchange section 61.
  • the setting method of the second port is similar to the setting method of the above two valve parts, and it can also realize the control function of each working mode in this paper.
  • the air conditioning heat pump system When cooling is needed in the car in summer, the air conditioning heat pump system is switched to a cooling mode. As shown in FIG. 1, in the cooling mode, the first valve element 9, the third valve element 11, and the second throttle element 13 are opened, and the second valve element 10, the fourth valve element 12, and the first throttle element 8 are closed. . As shown by the thick solid line in the figure, the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then flows to the second end of the third heat exchanger 5 through the third valve 11 .
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is cooled by the outdoor air flow in the third heat exchanger 5, and the heat released by it is released into the outdoor air, and the phase change condenses into a liquid state after cooling.
  • the liquid refrigerant flows out from the first end of the third heat exchanger 5.
  • the refrigerant does not pass through the first throttle element 8, and Is the first port of the second heat exchange section 62 flowing into the intermediate heat exchanger 6.
  • the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62 performs heat exchange with the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61.
  • the refrigerant in the portion 61 is a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant after passing through the second heat exchanger 4, so that the heat exchange between the two can further reduce the temperature of the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchange portion 62.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the second port of the second heat exchange section 62, it passes through the first valve 9 and then flows into the second throttling element 13. After the pressure is reduced by the throttling of the second throttling element 13, it reaches the second exchange Heater 4, at this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 4 absorbs the heat in the indoor air flow.
  • the refrigerant After absorbing the heat, the refrigerant itself undergoes a phase change (or a partial phase change) and evaporates into a gaseous state.
  • the air in the air cools down; then the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 2 and is separated by the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the first of the intermediate heat exchanger 6.
  • the second port of the heat exchange section 61 At this time, the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 and the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62 perform countercurrent heat exchange.
  • the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 After the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 is heated, It is sucked into the compressor 1 and compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which works in this manner.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchange section 61 since the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchange section 61 is increased, the temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 can also be increased, thereby saving power consumption.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the third heat exchanger 5 and the low-pressure refrigerant from the gas-liquid separator 2 are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, thereby greatly improving the refrigeration performance coefficient of the system.
  • the fan 16 plays a role of conveying the indoor air flow.
  • the indoor air flow is cooled by the second heat exchanger 4 and then sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15 to reduce the temperature in the vehicle interior to provide a comfortable riding environment.
  • the heating components such as the battery of the electric vehicle and the motor inverter also need a certain degree of cooling. Therefore, in this embodiment, the corresponding air duct can also be used to introduce the corresponding cold air from the air duct to the battery. cool down.
  • an air return port can be provided in the compartment to pass the cold air blown into the compartment through the compartment and then sent to the heat-generating components such as the battery through the air duct to cool the heat-generating components such as the battery.
  • the air conditioning heat pump system When heating is needed in the car in winter, the air conditioning heat pump system is switched to a heating mode. As shown in FIG. 2, in the heating mode, the first valve element 9, the third valve element 11, and the second throttle element 13 are closed, and the second valve element 10, the fourth valve element 12, and the first throttle element 8 are closed. On.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the first heat exchanger 3 through the second valve 10, and the indoor air Under the cooling of the flow, the heat of the refrigerant is transferred to the low-temperature indoor air flow, which undergoes a phase change and condenses into a liquid state.
  • the first throttle element 9 is closed, and the first throttle element 8 is turned on, that is, the first circuit 71 is conductive at this time, so the refrigerant directly enters the first throttling element 8 through the first circuit 71, and does not enter the second heat exchange portion 62 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, and is not connected with
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 performs heat exchange; the refrigerant passes through the first throttling element 8 after being throttled and decompressed, and then enters the first port of the third heat exchanger 5.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant reaching the third heat exchanger 5 is relatively low, which increases the temperature difference between the refrigerant and the external environment in the third heat exchanger 5, so that the system can absorb heat from the lower temperature external environment and realize the heat pump.
  • the liquid refrigerant performs heat exchange with the low-temperature outdoor air flow in the third heat exchanger 5, absorbs its heat and evaporates to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant or a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. After the refrigerant flows out of the second port of the third heat exchanger 5, it passes through the fourth valve 12 and flows to the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the liquid refrigerant After being separated by the gas-liquid separator 2, the liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2 and has a low temperature.
  • the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, but at this time, no heat exchange is performed with the second heat exchange section 62.
  • the refrigerant flows into the compressor 1 and is compressed by the compressor 1 to high temperature and high pressure.
  • the gaseous refrigerant works in such a cycle.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the first heat exchanger 3 enters the third heat exchanger 5 without passing through the intermediate heat exchanger 6 after being throttled and decompressed by the first throttling element 8. Therefore, in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, There is no heat exchange, thereby eliminating the role of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, reducing the superheating degree of the compressor 1 in the heating mode, and ensuring the maximum heating performance coefficient of the heat pump system.
  • the indoor air flow is heated by the first heat exchanger 3, and is sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15, which increases the temperature in the vehicle interior and provides a comfortable riding environment for the user.
  • the automotive air conditioning system in this article does not allow the refrigerant to pass through the second heat exchanger 4 during heating, so that the wind from the fan 16 does not exchange heat when passing through the second heat exchanger 4, and directly reaches the first refrigerant with a high temperature of the refrigerant.
  • the heat exchanger 3 performs heat exchange.
  • an electric heater can be used to assist the heating, and the electric heater and the heat pump system can be used to achieve the heating function. In this way, the working range of the system can be further enlarged, thereby expanding the use range of the automotive air conditioner, especially in low temperature and cold regions.
  • the first dehumidification mode of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 3, and the second valve member 10 and the second The throttle element 13 is opened, the third valve element 11 and the fourth valve element 12 are closed, and at least one of the first throttle element and the first valve element makes the first path 71 non-conducting.
  • the first valve member 9 disables the second path 72.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and flows into the first heat exchanger 3 through the second valve 10;
  • the heat exchanger 3 by adjusting the opening degree of the second damper 17, it is possible to select whether the refrigerant performs heat exchange with the indoor air flow, that is, when the temperature is low, the first heat exchanger 3 can perform heat exchange with the indoor air flow, and When the temperature is relatively high, the first heat exchanger 3 can also be prevented from performing heat exchange with the indoor air flow.
  • the refrigerant After coming out of the first heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant passes through the second throttling element 13 to reduce the pressure and then reaches the second heat exchanger 4.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is conducted with the indoor air flow in the second heat exchanger 4.
  • Heat exchange since the surface temperature of the second heat exchanger 4 is much lower than the temperature in the cabin, during this process, the dew point temperature of the air in front of the second heat exchanger 4 is higher than the surface of the second heat exchanger 4 Temperature, so that moisture will condense on the surface of the second heat exchanger 4 and precipitate out, and will be discharged through the provided pipelines.
  • the second port of the first heat exchanger 61 at this time, because the first valve 9 is closed, there is no heat exchange in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, and after the refrigerant comes out of the first port of the first heat exchanger 61, It enters the inlet of the compressor 1 and is compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which works in this cycle.
  • the indoor air flow is cooled and dehumidified through the second heat exchanger 4, and heated to a proper temperature through the first heat exchanger 3, and then sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15, thereby providing users with a comfortable Driving environment.
  • the temperature control of the indoor air flow is realized as follows: The proportion of the air flow flowing through the first heat exchanger 3 can be determined by the opening angle of the second damper 17 as needed, and the air flow flowing through the first heat exchanger 3 can be heated. , And then mix with the original air flow to reach the required temperature. In addition, if the temperature is relatively high, the opening degree of the second damper 17 of the first heat exchanger 3 can also be made zero to bypass the air duct and prevent the wind from passing through the first heat exchanger 3.
  • the gaseous refrigerant comes out of the compressor 1, and when passing through the first heat exchanger 3, the second damper 17 is closed, so the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger 3 does not generate heat exchange with the air flow; and when the temperature is low,
  • the maximum opening degree of the second damper 17 of the first heat exchanger 3 can be made to allow the wind to pass through the first heat exchanger 3 to heat the dehumidified air, and then the air can be sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15 or On the window, the temperature and humidity are controlled at the same time, so that the comfort in the cabin is improved.
  • the second damper 17 can be directly closed, and the cold wind can be directly blown to the glass through the corresponding air duct, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly removing the mist on the glass surface.
  • the second dehumidification mode of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 4.
  • the second valve element 10, the fourth valve element 12, the first throttle element 8 and the second throttle element 13 are opened, and the first valve element 9 is opened.
  • the third valve element 11 is closed, at least one of the first throttle element 8 and the first valve element 9 conducts the first path 71, and the first valve element 9 causes the second path 71 Road 72 is not conducting.
  • the second dehumidification mode has two refrigerant circulation circuits at the same time.
  • the first refrigerant circulation circuit is the same as the first dehumidification mode described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the second refrigerant circulation circuit is:
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, passes through the second valve member 10, and flows into the first heat exchanger 3. After coming out of the first heat exchanger 3, due to the first The valve 9 is closed, and the first throttling element 8 is opened. Therefore, the refrigerant does not pass through the second heat exchange portion 62 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 but flows into the first path 71 and is throttled and depressurized by the first throttling element 8. Then it reaches the first port of the third heat exchanger 5.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant performs heat exchange with the outdoor air flow, and absorbs external heat to evaporate to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant or gas-liquid.
  • Phase refrigerant then the refrigerant passes through the fourth valve 12 and flows to the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the liquid refrigerant After being separated by the gas-liquid separator 2, the liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the middle for replacement.
  • the first heat exchange section 61 of the heat exchanger 6 Two ports, but this time the refrigerant heat exchanger of the first portion 61 without exchanging heat with the second heat exchange portion 62, the refrigerant then enters the compressor 1, the compressor 1 is compressed to high temperature and pressure gaseous refrigerant, so the cycle of work.
  • the first throttle element 8 is provided to increase the temperature difference between the refrigerant reaching the third heat exchanger 5 and the external environment, so that the heat pump system can absorb heat from the external environment.
  • the energy efficiency ratio is improved; at the same time, because no heat exchange is performed in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, the role of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is removed, and the influence of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is avoided.
  • the second dehumidification mode of this embodiment improves the efficiency of the system, avoids the waste of energy, thereby saving electrical energy and increasing the mileage of the car.
  • the indoor air flow is the mixed air flowing through the inner circulating air outlet and the fresh air outlet, and the mixing ratio can be controlled by the system according to the comfort requirements by the first damper 14; the introduction of the inner circulating air in this paper can further save power consumption
  • the proportion of the internal circulating wind is aimed at not causing fogging in the windows.
  • first throttle element 8 and the second throttle element 13 may both adopt an electronic expansion valve or a thermal expansion valve. In this embodiment, it is preferable to use an electronic expansion valve that is convenient to control.
  • the above-mentioned intermediate heat exchanger 6 may be a sleeve type heat exchanger or a parallel dual-channel heat exchanger. In this embodiment, a sleeve type heat exchanger is preferably used, and the arrangement method is as follows: the second heat exchange section 62 is set on the first The tubes of a heat exchange section 61 are sealed off from each other; or the first heat exchange section 61 is sleeved in the tubes of the second heat exchange section 62 and sealed between the two as long as the two parts Just heat exchange.
  • this embodiment provides another heat pump system, which is basically the same in structure and working principle as the air conditioning system in Embodiment 1.
  • the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger in this embodiment At least one of the heaters 4 is not provided in the air duct.
  • the first heat exchanger 3 in this embodiment may include a refrigerant flow path and a cooling liquid flow path, and the refrigerant flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 are relatively disconnected.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the coolant in the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 can perform heat exchange; further, the heat pump system further includes a fourth heat exchanger 19 and a first A pump 20 is connected to the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the fourth heat exchanger 19 through the first pump 20 so as to realize heat exchange between the first heat exchanger 3 and the fourth heat exchanger 19.
  • the above-mentioned second heat exchanger 4 may also include a refrigerant flow path and a cooling liquid flow path, and the refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 and the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 are relatively disconnected.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 and the coolant in the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 can perform heat exchange; further, the heat pump system further includes a fifth heat exchanger 21 and a second The pump 22 and the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 communicate with the fifth heat exchanger 21 through the second pump 22, thereby realizing heat exchange between the second heat exchanger 4 and the fifth heat exchanger 21.
  • the first throttling element 8 under the heating condition, the first throttling element 8 is turned on, and the first throttling element 8 bypasses the second heat exchange portion 62, so that the role of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 can be effectively removed, and the heat pump system can be heated. Maximization of the coefficient of performance.
  • this embodiment provides another heat pump system, which is basically the same in structure and working principle as the air conditioning system in Embodiment 1, except that the second valve 10 is not provided in this embodiment. , The third valve member 11 and the fourth valve member 12, but a first fluid switching valve 18 is provided.
  • the first fluid switching valve 18 has four interfaces, respectively, for the first fluid.
  • the first fluid switching valve 18 includes a first working mode and a second working mode. As shown in FIG.
  • the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve and the first The first interface 181 of the fluid switching valve communicates, and the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve is cut off from the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve
  • the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the outlet end of the compressor 1 is in communication with the inlet of the first heat exchanger 3, the outlet of the first heat exchanger 3 is in communication with the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve, and the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve is in the middle
  • the second port of the second heat exchange section 62 of the heat exchanger 6 communicates, the first port of the second heat exchange section 62 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 communicates with the first port of the third heat exchanger 5, and the third heat exchange
  • the second port of the separator 5 is in communication with the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve, the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 2 is in heat exchange with the intermediate
  • the second port of the first heat exchange section 61 of the heat exchanger 6 is in communication, and the first port of the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is in communication with the inlet of the compressor 1.
  • the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve is also in communication with the inlet of the second heat exchanger 4, and a second throttle element 13 is provided at the inlet of the second heat exchanger 4, and the outlet of the second heat exchanger 4 and The second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2 communicate with each other.
  • the two ends of the second heat exchange section 62 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 are also provided with a first path 71 in parallel, and a first throttling element 8 is provided on the first path 71 for convecting the refrigerant passing through the first path 71 Throttling and pressure reduction are performed, and at the same time, a first valve member 9 is also provided on the pipeline between the second port of the second heat exchange section 62 and the first channel 71.
  • the first valve member 9 may be a two-way valve, a three-way valve, a one-way valve, or two shut-off valves. The specific setting manner is the same as that in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the air conditioning heat pump system is switched to a cooling mode.
  • the first valve element 9 and the second throttle element 13 are opened, the first throttle element 8 is closed, the first fluid switching valve 18 is in the first working mode, and the first fluid switching valve
  • the first interface 181 is in communication with the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve, and the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve and the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve are cut off.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then the gaseous refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 3, and the first heat exchanger 3 After the heat exchange with the indoor air flow, the refrigerant itself undergoes a phase change and condenses into a liquid state; after the liquid refrigerant comes out of the first heat exchanger 3, it flows into the first fluid switching valve 18 through the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve flows out of the first fluid switching valve 18, and then the refrigerant enters the second port of the third heat exchanger 5; heat exchange is performed with the outdoor air flow in the third heat exchanger 5 Then, the refrigerant flows out from the first port of the third heat exchanger 5.
  • the first valve member 9 is opened and the first throttle element 8 is closed, the refrigerant does not pass through the first throttle element 8, and Is the first port flowing into the second heat exchange section 62.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62 performs heat exchange with the low-pressure refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61, so that it can flow through the second heat exchange section.
  • the refrigerant of 62 was further cooled. After the refrigerant flows out from the second port of the second heat exchange section 62, it passes through the first valve 9 and then flows into the second throttling element 13. After cooling through the throttling of the second throttling element 13, it reaches the second heat exchange At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 4 absorbs the heat in the indoor air flow. After absorbing the heat, the refrigerant itself undergoes a phase change (or a partial phase change) and evaporates into a gaseous state. The refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 2 and is separated by the gas-liquid separator 2. The liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the first heat exchange section 61. Two ports. At this time, the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 and the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62 perform countercurrent heat exchange. After the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 is heated up, it is sucked into the compressor 1 again. Compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, this cycle works. In the above process, since the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchange section 61 is increased, the temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 can also be increased, thereby saving power consumption.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the third heat exchanger 5 and the low-pressure refrigerant from the gas-liquid separator 2 are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, thereby greatly improving the refrigeration performance coefficient of the system.
  • the indoor air flow is cooled by the second heat exchanger 4, and then optionally flows through the first heat exchanger 3, and then is sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15, so as to reduce the temperature in the vehicle interior. Provide users with a comfortable riding environment.
  • the air conditioning heat pump system is switched to a heating mode.
  • the first valve member 9 and the second throttle element 13 are closed, the first throttle element 8 is opened, the first fluid switching valve 18 is in the second working mode, and the first fluid switching
  • the first interface 181 of the valve is in communication with the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve, and the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then the gaseous refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 3 and is cooled by the indoor air flow.
  • the heat of the refrigerant is transferred to the low-temperature indoor air flow, which undergoes a phase change and condenses into a liquid state.
  • the liquid refrigerant comes out of the first heat exchanger 3, it flows into the first fluid switching valve through the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the heat section 62 does not perform heat exchange with the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61; the refrigerant passes through the first throttling element 8 after throttling and reducing pressure, and enters the first end of the third heat exchanger 5, because The temperature of the refrigerant reaching the third heat exchanger 5 after the first throttling element 8 is relatively low, which increases the temperature difference between the refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 5 and the external environment, thereby enabling the system to operate from a lower temperature and low temperature environment.
  • Heat absorption in the heat pump can can.
  • the liquid refrigerant performs heat exchange with the low-temperature outdoor air flow in the third heat exchanger 5, absorbs its heat and evaporates to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant or a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the second end of the third heat exchanger 5, it passes through the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve and the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve in sequence, flows to the gas-liquid separator 2, and is separated by gas-liquid In the separation of the heat exchanger 2, the liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, but does not heat the second heat exchange section 62 at this time. After the exchange, the refrigerant flows into the compressor 1 and is compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which works in this cycle.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the first heat exchanger 3 enters the third heat exchanger 5 without passing through the intermediate heat exchanger 6 after being throttled and decompressed by the first throttling element 8. Therefore, in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, There is no heat exchange, thereby eliminating the role of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, reducing the superheating degree of the compressor 1 in the heating mode, and ensuring the maximum heating performance coefficient of the heat pump system.
  • the indoor air flow is heated by the first heat exchanger 3, and is sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15, which increases the temperature in the vehicle interior and provides a comfortable riding environment for the user.
  • the first dehumidification mode of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 8.
  • the first valve member 9 and the first The throttle element 8 is closed, the second throttle element 13 is opened, the first fluid switching valve 18 is in the second working mode, and the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the first heat exchanger 3 and comes out of the first heat exchanger 3
  • the refrigerant passes through the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve and the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve in sequence, and then flows into the second throttling element 13 for throttling and reducing pressure, and then reaches the second heat exchanger 4 so that The moisture is condensed and precipitated on the surface of the second heat exchanger 4, thereby reducing the moisture content in the air in the cabin, and achieving the purpose of dehumidifying or defogging the cabin.
  • the refrigerant After coming out of the second heat exchanger 4, the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 2. After the gas-liquid separator 2 separates, the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant reaches the second heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 again. At this time, there is no heat exchange in the intermediate heat exchanger 6; after the refrigerant comes out of the first port of the first heat exchange section 61, it enters the inlet of the compressor 1 and is compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. jobs.
  • the indoor air flow is cooled and dehumidified through the second heat exchanger 4, and heated to a proper temperature through the first heat exchanger 3, and then sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15, thereby providing users with a comfortable Driving environment.
  • the second dehumidification mode of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 9.
  • the first valve 9 is closed, the first throttle element 8 and the second throttle element 13 are opened, and the first fluid switching valve 18 is in the second operation.
  • the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve
  • the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the second dehumidification mode has two refrigerant circulation circuits at the same time.
  • the first refrigerant circulation circuit is the same as the first dehumidification mode described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the second refrigerant circulation circuit is:
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the first heat exchanger 3.
  • the refrigerant After coming out of the first heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant passes through the first fluid switching valve in sequence
  • the third interface 183 and the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve flow into the first circuit 71 without passing through the second heat exchange section 62 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, and the refrigerant passes through the first section in the first circuit 71
  • the flow element 8 After the flow element 8 is throttled and decompressed, it reaches the first end of the third heat exchanger 5 and flows out from the second end of the third heat exchanger 5, the refrigerant passes through the first interface 181 and the first port of the first fluid switching valve 18 in sequence.
  • the second interface 182 of a fluid switching valve then flows to the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the second heat exchange section 61 of the first heat exchange section 61. Port, but at this time the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 does not exchange heat with the second
  • the unit 62 performs heat exchange, after which the refrigerant enters the compressor 1 and is compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which works in this cycle.
  • the first throttle element 8 is provided to increase the temperature difference between the refrigerant reaching the third heat exchanger 5 and the external environment, so that the heat pump system can absorb heat from the external environment.
  • the energy efficiency ratio is improved; at the same time, because no heat exchange is performed in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, the role of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is removed, and the influence of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is avoided.
  • the second dehumidification mode in this embodiment improves the efficiency of the system, avoids the waste of energy, thereby saving electrical energy and increasing the mileage of the car.
  • this embodiment provides another heat pump system, which is basically the same in structure and working principle as the air conditioning system in Embodiment 3. The difference is that this embodiment uses the second fluid switching valve 18 'and The fifth valve member 23 replaces the first fluid switching valve 18 in the third embodiment.
  • the second fluid switching valve 18 ' also has four interfaces, which are the first interface 181' of the second fluid switching valve, the second interface 182 'of the second fluid switching valve, and the third interface of the second fluid switching valve.
  • the second fluid switching valve 18 ' includes a first working mode and a second working mode. In the first working mode of the second fluid switching valve 18', the third interface 183 'of the second fluid switching valve and the second fluid switching valve 18' The first interface 181 'communicates, and the second interface 182' of the second fluid switching valve communicates with the fourth interface 184 'of the second fluid switching valve.
  • the second fluid switching The third interface 183 'of the valve is in communication with the fourth interface 184' of the second fluid switching valve, and the second interface 182 'of the second fluid switching valve is in communication with the first interface 181' of the second fluid switching valve;
  • the second fluid switching The first interface 181 'of the valve is in communication with the second port of the third heat exchanger 5
  • the second interface 182' of the second fluid switching valve is in communication with the second port of the first heat exchange section 61
  • the third interface 183 ′ is in communication with the outlet of the first heat exchanger 3
  • the fourth interface 184 ′ of the second fluid switching valve is capable of exchanging heat with the second port of the first throttle element 8 and the second through the fifth valve member 23.
  • At least one of the inlets of the device 4 is in communication.
  • the fifth valve member 23 is provided at the fourth interface 184 'of the second fluid switching valve, which not only guarantees the best performance under the cooling and heating conditions in this article, but also provides more valve body options.
  • the method improves the versatility of the heat pump system and is beneficial to saving production costs.
  • the arrangement of other structures in this embodiment and the working principle thereof are the same as those of the third embodiment, and are not repeated here.
  • this embodiment provides another heat pump system, which is basically the same in structure and working principle as the air-conditioning system in Embodiment 3. The difference is that the first heat exchanger 3 and the second At least one of the heaters 4 is not provided in the air duct.
  • the first heat exchanger 3 in this embodiment may include a refrigerant flow path and a cooling liquid flow path, and the refrigerant flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 are relatively disconnected.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the coolant in the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 can perform heat exchange; further, the heat pump system further includes a fourth heat exchanger 19 and a first A pump 20 is connected to the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the fourth heat exchanger 19 through the first pump 20 so as to realize heat exchange between the first heat exchanger 3 and the fourth heat exchanger 19.
  • the above-mentioned second heat exchanger 4 may also include a refrigerant flow path and a cooling liquid flow path, and the refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 and the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 are relatively disconnected.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 and the coolant in the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 can perform heat exchange; further, the heat pump system further includes a fifth heat exchanger 21 and a second The pump 22 and the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 communicate with the fifth heat exchanger 21 through the second pump 22, thereby realizing heat exchange between the second heat exchanger 4 and the fifth heat exchanger 21.
  • the first throttling element 8 under the heating condition, the first throttling element 8 is turned on, and the first throttling element 8 bypasses the second heat exchange portion 62, so that the role of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 can be effectively removed, and the heat pump system can be heated. Maximization of the coefficient of performance.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the third heat exchanger 5 and the low-pressure refrigerant from the vapor-liquid separator 2 can be exchanged in the intermediate heat exchanger 6 in a countercurrent manner to improve the cooling performance coefficient of the system.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the first heat exchanger 3 can be throttled and decompressed by the first throttling element 8 and then directly enter the third heat exchanger 5 without passing through the intermediate heat exchanger 6, thereby bypassing the system.
  • the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is eliminated, and the reduction of the heating performance coefficient by the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is eliminated.
  • the heat pump system includes an intermediate heat exchanger, and the intermediate heat exchanger includes a first heat exchange section and a second heat exchange section; the heat pump system is provided with a first path and a second path, and the first path includes a first section Flow element, the second path includes the first valve and the second heat exchange section; when the heat pump system is heating, the first path can bypass the second path, and the first and second heat exchange sections do not exchange heat or exchange heat. There is less heat.
  • the suction superheat of the compressor exceeds a predetermined range, it is beneficial to reduce the suction superheat of the compressor and further improve the performance of the heat pump system.
  • this embodiment provides a heat pump system, which has multiple working modes such as a cooling mode, a heating mode, and a dehumidification mode (or a defogging mode).
  • the heat pump system includes an air conditioning box for adjusting at least one of temperature and humidity in the cabin.
  • the heat pump system further includes a compressor 1, a gas-liquid separator 2, a third heat exchanger 5, and an intermediate heat exchanger 6.
  • the air conditioner is provided with an air duct. One end of the air duct is provided with a first air door 14 for circulating air into the air duct. The other end of the air duct is provided with a grille 15 for supplying air into the compartment.
  • a fan 16, a second heat exchanger 4, and a first heat exchanger 3 are provided in order from the inlet to the outlet of the air duct, and a second damper 17 is provided on the inlet side of the first heat exchanger for controlling the flow through the first Air flow in heat exchanger 3.
  • the first heat exchanger 3 and the second heat exchanger 4 can selectively provide heating, cooling or defogging to the car according to the working conditions in the car. It can be understood that the above-mentioned first heat exchanger 3 and second heat exchanger 4 can be installed not only inside the vehicle compartment, but also outside the vehicle compartment, and the air can be sent into the vehicle compartment through the air supply duct.
  • the intermediate heat exchanger 6 includes a first heat exchange portion 61 and a second heat exchange portion 62.
  • the first heat exchange portion 61 is relatively disconnected from the second heat exchange portion 62, and the first heat exchange portion 61 and the second heat exchange portion
  • the first and second heat exchange portions 61 and 62 are capable of performing heat exchange by fluid flow between 62 independently.
  • the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 in this embodiment is used to pass a relatively low-pressure refrigerant
  • the second heat exchange section 62 is used to pass a relatively high-pressure refrigerant.
  • the outlet of the compressor 1 can communicate with the inlet of the first heat exchanger 3 through the second valve member 10, and the outlet of the first heat exchanger 3 can communicate with the second port of the second heat exchange section 62, and the second heat exchange section
  • the first port of 62 can be connected to the first port of the third heat exchanger 5; the second port of the third heat exchanger 5 can communicate with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2 through the fourth valve member 12; the gas-liquid separator
  • the outlet of 2 can communicate with the second port of the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, and the first port of the first heat exchange section 61 communicates with the inlet of the compressor 1.
  • the outlet of the compressor 1 can communicate with the second port of the third heat exchanger 5 through the third valve member 11.
  • the second port of the second heat exchange section 62 can also be connected to the inlet of the second heat exchanger 4, and a second throttling element 13 and an outlet of the second heat exchanger 4 are provided at the inlet of the second heat exchanger 4. It communicates with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the thermal management system further includes a flow adjustment device. The first interface of the flow adjustment device is in communication with the second port of the second heat exchange section.
  • the second interface of the flow adjustment device can be in communication with the outlet of the first heat exchanger or in connection with the second The inlet of the heat exchanger is connected;
  • the flow adjustment device includes a first throttle element 8 and a first valve member 9, and a second port of the second heat exchange section can communicate with the inlet of the second heat exchanger through the first valve member 9,
  • the outlet of the first heat exchanger 3 can communicate with the second port of the second heat exchange section through the first throttle element 8.
  • the first throttle element 8 and the first valve member 9 are provided separately.
  • the first throttle element 8 includes two ports. The first port of the first throttle element 8 can be adjusted with the flow rate.
  • the first interface of the device communicates, and the second port of the first throttle element 8 can communicate with the second interface of the flow adjustment device;
  • the first valve 9 includes two ports, and the first port of the first valve 9 is connected to the flow adjustment
  • the first port of the device communicates, and the second port of the first valve member 9 can communicate with the second port of the flow regulating device.
  • the first valve member 9 includes three ports.
  • the port can communicate with the first interface of the flow regulating device, the third port of the first valve member 9 can communicate with the first port of the first throttle element 8, and the second port of the first valve member 9 can communicate with the The second interface communicates; or the first port of the first valve member 9 communicates with the second interface of the flow regulating device, the third port of the first valve member 9 communicates with the second port of the first throttle element 8, and the first node
  • the first port of the flow element 8 is connected to the first connection of the flow regulating device. Communication with the second port of the first valve member 9 of the flow rate adjusting apparatus of the first communication interface.
  • the first valve element 9 and the first throttle element 8 are integrally provided, and the flow adjustment device includes a valve body.
  • the corresponding ports of the first valve element 9 and the first throttle element 8 are provided on the valve body.
  • a valve element and the first throttling element may both have a valve element, and the first valve element and the first throttling element may also share a valve element, which will not be described here.
  • the first valve member 9 may also be a check valve.
  • the check valve is provided in parallel with the first throttle element 8.
  • the inlet of the check valve is in communication with the second port of the second heat exchange section 62.
  • the outlet of the check valve can be connected to The inlet of the second heat exchanger 4 is in communication.
  • the check valve and the first throttle element 8 are integrally provided, and the flow adjustment device includes a valve body, and the check valve and corresponding ports of the first throttle element 8 are disposed on the valve body. It will not be described in detail.
  • This embodiment provides specific arrangements of the second valve member 10, the third valve member 11, and the fourth valve member 12 in the heat pump system.
  • the second valve member 10 and the first valve member 10 may not be provided.
  • the three-way valve 11 is provided with only the fourth valve 12 and the first three-way valve.
  • the first interface of the first three-way valve can communicate with the outlet of the compressor 1, and the second interface of the first three-way valve can communicate with The inlet of the first heat exchanger 3 is in communication, the third interface of the first three-way valve can communicate with the second port of the third heat exchanger 5, and the first port of the fourth valve member 12 can communicate with the third heat exchanger.
  • the second port is in communication, and the second port of the fourth valve member 12 is in communication with the second port of the first heat exchange section 61.
  • This setting can also realize the control function of each working mode in this paper.
  • the third valve member 11 and the fourth valve member 12 may not be provided, and only the second valve member 10 and the second three-way valve may be provided.
  • the second interface of the second three-way valve The first port of the second valve member 10 is in communication with the outlet of the compressor 1, the second port of the second valve member 10 is in communication with the refrigerant inlet of the first heat exchanger 3, and the first port of the second three-way valve is connected to the first The second port of the three heat exchanger 5 is in communication, and the third port of the second three-way valve is in communication with the second port of the first heat exchanging part 61.
  • This setting method is similar to that of the above two valve parts, and can also be implemented. This article controls the functions of each mode.
  • the air conditioning heat pump system is switched to a cooling mode.
  • the third valve element 11 and the second throttle element 13 are opened, the second valve element 10, the fourth valve element 12, and the first throttle element 8 are closed, and the first valve element 9 is closed.
  • the second port of the second heat exchange section is communicated with the channel of the second throttling element.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electric energy or other energy, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then flows to the third heat exchanger 5 through the third valve 11 The second port.
  • the high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant is cooled by the outdoor air flow in the third heat exchanger 5, and the heat released by it is released into the outdoor air, and the phase change condenses into a liquid state after cooling.
  • the liquid refrigerant flows out from the first port of the third heat exchanger 5, and then flows into the second heat exchange section 62 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6.
  • the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62 and the first heat exchange section 61 Since the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchange section 61 is a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant after passing through the second heat exchanger 4, the heat exchange between the two makes the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchange section 62 further Cool down.
  • the first throttle element 8 is closed and the first valve element 9 is opened in the flow direction, so the refrigerant does not pass through the first throttle element. 8, but through the check valve, and then flows into the second throttling element 13, after the pressure reduction through the second throttling element 13, reaches the second heat exchanger 4, at this time the low temperature and low pressure liquid refrigerant in the first In the second heat exchanger 4, the heat in the indoor air flow is absorbed.
  • the refrigerant After the heat is absorbed, the refrigerant itself undergoes a phase change (or partial phase change) and evaporates into a gaseous state, and the air in the compartment is cooled; the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 2 After being separated by the gas-liquid separator 2, the liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the second port of the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6, at this time, the first The refrigerant in a heat exchange section 61 and the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62 perform countercurrent heat exchange.
  • a phase change or partial phase change
  • the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 After the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 is heated, it is sucked by the compressor 1 and compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant. And so work circularly. In the above process, since the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchange section 61 is increased, the temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 can also be increased, thereby saving power consumption.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the third heat exchanger 5 and the low-pressure refrigerant from the gas-liquid separator 2 are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, thereby enhancing the heat exchange effect and greatly improving The cooling coefficient of performance of the system.
  • the fan 16 plays a role of conveying the indoor air flow.
  • the indoor air flow is cooled by the second heat exchanger 4 and then sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15 to reduce the temperature in the vehicle interior to provide a comfortable riding environment.
  • the heating components such as the battery of the electric vehicle and the motor inverter also need a certain degree of cooling. Therefore, in this embodiment, the corresponding air duct can also be used to introduce the corresponding cold air from the air duct to the battery. cool down.
  • an air return port can be provided in the compartment to pass the cold air blown into the compartment through the compartment and then sent to the heat-generating components such as the battery through the air duct to cool the heat-generating components such as the battery.
  • the air conditioning heat pump system is switched to a heating mode. As shown in FIG. 17, in the heating mode, the third valve element 11 and the second throttle element 13 are closed, and the second valve element 10, the fourth valve element 12, and the first throttle element 8 are opened.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electrical energy or other energy, compresses a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the first heat exchanger 3 through the second valve 10, Under the cooling of the indoor air flow, the heat of the refrigerant is transferred to the low-temperature indoor air flow, which undergoes a phase change and condenses into a liquid state.
  • the one-way valve exchanges heat from the first The direction from the heat exchanger 3 to the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is closed, so the first bypass branch 7 is not conductive, and the first throttling element 8 is turned on at this time, so the refrigerant enters the first throttling element 8 for throttling.
  • the refrigerant reaches the second port of the second heat exchange section 62 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 and performs heat exchange with the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61. Then, the refrigerant flows out from the first port of the second heat exchange section 62 and enters the first port of the third heat exchanger 5.
  • the refrigerant passes through the first throttle element 8 and the second heat exchange section 62. Cooling effect, so its temperature is relatively low, so that it can absorb heat from the lower temperature external environment to achieve the function of a heat pump.
  • the liquid refrigerant performs heat exchange with the low-temperature outdoor air flow in the third heat exchanger 5, absorbs its heat and evaporates to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant or a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant. After the refrigerant flows out of the second port of the third heat exchanger 5, it passes through the fourth valve 12 and flows to the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the liquid refrigerant After being separated by the gas-liquid separator 2, the liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2 and has a low temperature.
  • the low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the second port of the first heat exchanging section 61.
  • the refrigerant in the first heat exchanging section 61 and the refrigerant in the second heat exchanging section 62 perform heat transfer in the same direction, and the first heat exchange After the refrigerant in the portion 61 is appropriately heated, it is sucked by the compressor 1 and compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which works in this manner.
  • the indoor air flow is heated by the first heat exchanger 3, and is sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15, which increases the temperature in the vehicle interior and provides a comfortable riding environment for the user.
  • the automotive air conditioning system in this article does not allow the refrigerant to pass through the second heat exchanger 4 during heating, so that the wind from the fan 16 does not exchange heat when passing through the second heat exchanger 4, and directly reaches the first refrigerant with a high temperature of the refrigerant.
  • the heat exchanger 3 performs heat exchange.
  • an electric heater can be used to assist the heating, and the electric heater and the heat pump system can be used to achieve the heating function. In this way, the working range of the system can be further enlarged, thereby expanding the use range of the automotive air conditioner, especially in low temperature and cold regions.
  • the first dehumidification mode of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 18, and the second valve member 10 and the second The throttle element 13 is opened, and the third valve element 11, the fourth valve element 12, and the first throttle element 8 are all closed.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and flows into the first heat exchanger 3 through the second valve 10;
  • the heat exchanger 3 by adjusting the opening degree of the second damper 17, it is possible to select whether the refrigerant performs heat exchange with the indoor air flow, that is, when the temperature is low, the first heat exchanger 3 can perform heat exchange with the indoor air flow, and When the temperature is relatively high, the first heat exchanger 3 can also be prevented from performing heat exchange with the indoor air flow.
  • the refrigerant After coming out of the first heat exchanger 3, since the first throttling element 8 is closed, and the check valve is not conducting in the flow direction from the first heat exchanger 3 to the intermediate heat exchanger 6, the refrigerant does not pass through the first
  • the second heat exchange section 62 enters the second throttling element 13, passes through the second throttling element 13 to reduce pressure and then reaches the second heat exchanger 4.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant is in the second heat exchanger 4.
  • the dew point temperature of the air in front of the second heat exchanger 4 is higher than that of the second heat exchanger.
  • the surface temperature of the heat exchanger 4 will cause moisture to condense and precipitate on the surface of the second heat exchanger 4 and be discharged through the provided pipes. This reduces the water vapor content in the air in the cabin, that is, reduces Relative humidity, so as to achieve the purpose of dehumidification or defogging in the cabin.
  • the refrigerant After coming out of the second heat exchanger 4, the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 2, and after being separated by the gas-liquid separator 2, the liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant reaches the intermediate heat exchanger 6 again.
  • the second port of the first heat exchange section 61 at this time, because no refrigerant passes through the second heat exchange section 62, the refrigerant comes out of the first port of the first heat exchange section 61, enters the inlet of the compressor 1, and is compressed.
  • the machine 1 compresses into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and works in this cycle.
  • the indoor air flow is cooled and dehumidified through the second heat exchanger 4, heated to a proper temperature through the first heat exchanger 3, and then sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and grille 15, thereby providing users with a comfortable ride.
  • Car environment The temperature control of the indoor air flow is realized as follows: The proportion of the air flow flowing through the first heat exchanger 3 can be determined by the opening angle of the second damper 17 as needed, and the air flow flowing through the first heat exchanger 3 can be heated. , And then mix with the original air flow to reach the required temperature.
  • the opening degree of the second damper 17 of the first heat exchanger 3 can also be made zero to bypass the air duct and prevent the wind from passing through the first heat exchanger 3, so that when the temperature is high temperature and high pressure, The refrigerant comes out of the compressor 1 and when passing through the first heat exchanger 3, the second damper 17 is closed, so the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchanger 3 does not generate heat exchange with the air flow; and when the temperature is low, The opening degree of the second damper 17 of the first heat exchanger 3 can be maximized, and the air passes through the first heat exchanger 3, so that the dehumidified air is heated up, and then sent into the cabin or the car through the air duct and the grille 15.
  • the temperature and humidity are controlled at the same time, so that the comfort in the cabin is improved.
  • the second damper 17 can be directly closed, and the cold wind can be directly blown to the glass through the corresponding air duct, so as to achieve the purpose of quickly removing the mist on the glass surface.
  • the second dehumidification mode of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 19, at this time, the second valve element 10, the fourth valve element 12, the first throttle element 8 and the second throttle element 13 are opened, and the third valve element 11 is opened. shut down.
  • the second dehumidification mode has two refrigerant circulation circuits at the same time.
  • the first refrigerant circulation circuit is the same as the first dehumidification mode described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the second refrigerant circulation circuit is:
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electric energy or other energy, and compresses a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, passes through the second valve element 10, and flows into the first heat exchanger 3, and after coming out of the first heat exchanger 3, Since the check valve is not conducting in the flow direction from the first heat exchanger 3 to the intermediate heat exchanger 6, and the first throttle element 8 is opened, the refrigerant enters the first throttle element 8 and passes through the first throttle.
  • the first port of the heat exchanger 5 performs a heat exchange between the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the third heat exchanger 5 and the outdoor air flow, and absorbs external heat to evaporate to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant or a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant;
  • the refrigerant passes through the fourth valve 12 and flows to the gas-liquid
  • the separator 2 is separated by the gas-liquid separator 2 and the liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the second port of the first heat exchange section 61 and communicates with the second heat exchange section.
  • the refrigerant in 62 undergoes heat exchange, after which the refrigerant enters the compressor 1 and is compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which works in this cycle.
  • the first throttle element 8 is provided to reduce the temperature of the refrigerant reaching the second heat exchange section 62, thereby reducing the temperature difference with the first heat exchange section 61 and weakening the middle
  • the heat exchange function of the heat exchanger 6 at the same time, because the temperature of the refrigerant reaching the third heat exchanger 5 is low, the heat pump system can absorb heat from the external environment and improve the energy efficiency of the system.
  • the second dehumidification mode of this embodiment improves the efficiency of the system, avoids the waste of energy, thereby saving electrical energy and increasing the mileage of the car.
  • the indoor air flow is the mixed air flowing through the inner circulating air outlet and the fresh air outlet, and the mixing ratio can be controlled by the system according to the comfort requirements by the first damper 14; the introduction of the inner circulating air in this paper can further save power consumption.
  • the proportion of the internal circulating wind is aimed at not causing fogging in the windows.
  • first throttle element 8 and the second throttle element 13 may both adopt an electronic expansion valve or a thermal expansion valve. In this embodiment, it is preferable to use an electronic expansion valve that is convenient to control.
  • the above-mentioned intermediate heat exchanger 6 may be a sleeve heat exchanger or a plate heat exchanger. In this embodiment, a sleeve heat exchanger is preferably used, and the arrangement mode is as follows: the second heat exchange section 62 is set on the first The tubes of a heat exchange section 61 are sealed off from each other; or the first heat exchange section 61 is sleeved in the tubes of the second heat exchange section 62 and sealed between the two as long as the two parts Just heat exchange.
  • this embodiment provides another heat pump system, which is basically the same in structure and working principle as the heat pump system in Embodiment 1.
  • the difference is that the first heat exchanger 3 and the second At least one of the heaters 4 is not provided in the air duct.
  • the first heat exchanger 3 in this embodiment may include a refrigerant flow path and a cooling liquid flow path, and the refrigerant flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 are relatively disconnected.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the coolant in the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 can perform heat exchange; further, the heat pump system further includes a fourth heat exchanger 19 and a first A pump 20 communicates the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 with the fourth heat exchanger 19 through the first pump 20.
  • the above-mentioned second heat exchanger 4 may also include a refrigerant flow path and a cooling liquid flow path, and the refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 and the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 are relatively disconnected.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 and the coolant in the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 can perform heat exchange; further, the heat pump system further includes a fifth heat exchanger 21 and a second The pump 22 and the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 communicate with the fifth heat exchanger 21 through the second pump 22.
  • the first throttling element 8 in the heating mode, is turned on, so that the high-pressure refrigerant from the first heat exchanger 3 passes through the throttling and reducing pressure, and then enters the second heat exchange portion 62 and exchanges with the first
  • the low-pressure refrigerant in the hot part 61 carries out the downstream heat exchange, which greatly weakens the heat exchange function of the intermediate heat exchanger 6.
  • this embodiment provides another heat pump system, which is basically the same in structure and working principle as the heat pump system in Embodiment 6.
  • a first fluid switching valve is provided in this embodiment. 18, as shown in FIGS. 25 and 26, the first fluid switching valve 18 has four interfaces, which are a first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve, a second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve, and a first fluid.
  • the first fluid switching valve 18 works differently from a conventional four-way valve, and includes a first working mode and a second working mode. As shown in FIG.
  • the first The third interface 183 of the fluid switching valve is in communication with the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve, and the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve and the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve are non-conductive; as shown in FIG. 25
  • the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve, and the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the first The first interface 181 of a fluid switching valve is in communication.
  • the outlet end of the compressor 1 is connected to the inlet of the first heat exchanger 3.
  • the outlet of the first heat exchanger 3 is in communication with the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve, and the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve is in the middle.
  • the second port of the second heat exchange section 62 of the heat exchanger 6 communicates, the first port of the second heat exchange section 62 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 communicates with the first port of the third heat exchanger 5, and the third heat exchange
  • the second port of the separator 5 is in communication with the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve, the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2, and the outlet of the gas-liquid separator 2 is in heat exchange with the intermediate
  • the second port of the first heat exchange section 61 of the heat exchanger 6 is in communication, and the first port of the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is in communication with the inlet of the compressor 1.
  • the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve is also in communication with the inlet of the second heat exchanger 4, and a second throttle element 13 is provided at the inlet of the second heat exchanger 4, and the outlet of the second heat exchanger 4 and The second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve and the inlet of the gas-liquid separator 2 communicate with each other.
  • the above-mentioned first valve member 9 may be a two-way valve, a three-way valve, a one-way valve or two shut-off valves, and the specific setting manner thereof is the same as that in the first embodiment, and details are not described herein again.
  • the heat pump system When cooling is needed in the car in summer, the heat pump system is switched to the cooling mode. As shown in FIG. 21, in the cooling mode, the second throttle element 13 is opened, the first throttle element 8 is closed, the first fluid switching valve 18 is in the first working mode, and the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve thereof It is in communication with the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve, and the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve is cut off with the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of energy, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then the gaseous refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 3, and the first heat exchanger 3
  • the refrigerant itself undergoes a phase change and condenses into a liquid state; after the liquid refrigerant comes out of the first heat exchanger 3, it flows into the first fluid switching valve 18 through the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve flows out of the first fluid switching valve 18, and then the refrigerant enters the second port of the third heat exchanger 5; heat exchange is performed with the outdoor air flow in the third heat exchanger 5
  • the refrigerant flows out from the first port of the third heat exchanger 5 and then flows into the second heat exchange section 62 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6.
  • the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62 and the first heat exchange section 61 Since the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchange section 61 is a low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant after passing through the second heat exchanger 4, the heat exchange between the two makes the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchange section 62 further Cool down.
  • the refrigerant flows out from the second port of the second heat exchange section 62, since the first throttle element 8 is closed, and the first valve 9 (preferably a check valve here) is opened in the flow direction, Therefore, the refrigerant does not pass through the first throttling element 8 but directly passes through the check valve, and then flows into the second throttling element 13. After cooling through the throttling of the second throttling element 13, it reaches the second heat exchanger 4, At this time, the low-temperature and low-pressure liquid refrigerant in the second heat exchanger 4 absorbs the heat in the indoor air flow.
  • the first valve 9 preferably a check valve here
  • the refrigerant After absorbing the heat, the refrigerant itself undergoes a phase change (or partial phase change) and evaporates into a gaseous state, and cools the air in the compartment. ; Then the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 2 and is separated by the gas-liquid separator 2. The liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2. The low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6. At this time, the refrigerant in the first heat exchanging section 61 and the refrigerant in the second heat exchanging section 62 are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange.
  • a phase change or partial phase change
  • the refrigerant in the first heat exchanging section 61 After the refrigerant in the first heat exchanging section 61 is heated up, it is again subjected to the compressor 1 It is sucked in and compressed into a gaseous refrigerant at high temperature and pressure, which works in this cycle.
  • the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchange section 61 since the temperature of the refrigerant passing through the first heat exchange section 61 is increased, the temperature of the refrigerant entering the compressor 1 can also be increased, thereby saving power consumption.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the third heat exchanger 5 and the low-pressure refrigerant from the gas-liquid separator 2 are subjected to countercurrent heat exchange in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, thereby greatly improving the refrigeration performance coefficient of the system.
  • the indoor air flow is cooled by the second heat exchanger 4, and then optionally flows through the first heat exchanger 3, and then is sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15, so as to reduce the temperature in the vehicle interior.
  • the heat pump system When heating is needed in the car in winter, the heat pump system is switched to a heating mode. As shown in FIG. 22, in the heating mode, the second throttle element 13 is closed, the first throttle element 8 is opened, the first fluid switching valve 18 is in the second working mode, and the first interface of the first fluid switching valve is 181 is in communication with the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve, and the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of electricity, compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then the gaseous refrigerant enters the first heat exchanger 3 and is cooled by the indoor air flow.
  • the heat of the refrigerant is transferred to the low-temperature indoor air flow, which undergoes a phase change and condenses into a liquid state.
  • the liquid refrigerant comes out of the first heat exchanger 3, it flows into the first fluid switching valve through the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve. 18, and the first fluid switching valve 18 flows out from the fourth port 184 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the flow direction of the check valve from the fourth port 184 of the first fluid switching valve to the intermediate heat exchanger 6 is closed. Therefore, the first bypass branch 7 is not connected, and the first throttling element 8 is turned on at this time, so the refrigerant enters the first throttling element 8 for throttling and pressure reduction; after that, the refrigerant reaches the second heat exchange section 62.
  • the second port performs heat exchange with the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61. Then, the refrigerant flows out from the first port of the second heat exchange section 62 and enters the first port of the third heat exchanger 5.
  • the refrigerant passes through the first throttle element 8 and the second heat exchange section 62. Cooling effect, so its temperature is relatively low, so that it can absorb heat from the lower temperature external environment to achieve the function of a heat pump.
  • the liquid refrigerant performs heat exchange with the low-temperature outdoor air flow in the third heat exchanger 5, absorbs its heat and evaporates to become a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant or a gas-liquid two-phase refrigerant.
  • the refrigerant flows out of the second port of the third heat exchanger 5, it passes through the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve and the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve in sequence, flows to the gas-liquid separator 2, and is separated by gas-liquid In the separation of the heat exchanger 2, the liquid refrigerant is stored in the gas-liquid separator 2, and the low-temperature and low-pressure gas refrigerant flows into the second port of the first heat exchange section 61 of the intermediate heat exchanger 6. At this time, the first heat exchange section 61 The refrigerant in the inside and the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62 perform a co-current heat exchange.
  • the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 After the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 is appropriately heated, it is sucked into the compressor 1 and compressed into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, which circulates in this way. jobs.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the first heat exchanger 3 is throttled and decompressed by the first throttling element 8, its temperature is relatively low, thereby reducing the refrigerant flowing through the second heat exchange section 62 and the first
  • the temperature difference of the refrigerant in the heat exchange section 61 greatly weakens the heat exchange function of the intermediate heat exchanger 6; and under this condition, the refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 and the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62 flow downstream.
  • this embodiment effectively reduces the superheat degree of the suction of the compressor 1 in the heating mode and improves the heating performance coefficient of the heat pump system.
  • the indoor air flow is heated by the first heat exchanger 3, and is sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15, which increases the temperature in the vehicle interior and provides a comfortable riding environment for the user.
  • the first dehumidification mode of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 23, and the first throttle element 8 is turned off at this time.
  • the second throttle element 13 is opened, the first fluid switching valve 18 is in the second working mode, the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve, and the The third interface 183 is in communication with the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of energy, and compresses the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the first heat exchanger 3 and exits from the first heat exchanger 3
  • the refrigerant passes through the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve and the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve in sequence, and then flows into the second throttling element 13 for throttling and reducing pressure, and then reaches the second heat exchanger 4 so that The moisture is condensed and precipitated on the surface of the second heat exchanger 4, thereby reducing the moisture content in the air in the cabin, and achieving the purpose of dehumidifying or defogging the cabin.
  • the refrigerant After coming out of the second heat exchanger 4, the refrigerant enters the gas-liquid separator 2. After the gas-liquid separator 2 separates, the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant reaches the second port of the first heat exchanger 61, and at this time, it is changed in the middle. There is no heat exchange in the heat exchanger 6; after the refrigerant comes out of the first port of the first heat exchange section 61, it enters the inlet of the compressor 1 and is compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gas refrigerant, which works in this cycle.
  • the indoor air flow is cooled and dehumidified through the second heat exchanger 4, and heated to a proper temperature through the first heat exchanger 3, and then sent into the vehicle interior through the air duct and the grille 15, thereby providing users with a comfortable Driving environment.
  • the second dehumidification mode of this embodiment is shown in FIG. 24.
  • the first throttle element 8 and the second throttle element 13 are opened, the first fluid switching valve 18 is in the second working mode, and the first fluid switching valve
  • the first interface 181 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve
  • the third interface 183 of the first fluid switching valve is in communication with the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve.
  • the second dehumidification mode has two refrigerant circulation circuits at the same time.
  • the first refrigerant circulation circuit is the same as the first dehumidification mode described above, and will not be repeated here.
  • the second refrigerant circulation circuit is:
  • the compressor 1 consumes a certain amount of energy, compresses a low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, and then enters the first heat exchanger 3. After coming out of the first heat exchanger 3, the refrigerant passes through the first fluid switching valve in sequence.
  • the third interface 183 and the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve after exiting from the fourth interface 184 of the first fluid switching valve, because the check valve is at the entrance from the second heat exchanger 4 to the second heat exchange section
  • the direction of the first end of 62 is not conductive, and the first throttling element 8 is turned on.
  • the refrigerant enters the first throttling element 8 and flows through the second throttling element after the pressure of the first throttling element 8 is reduced.
  • the second port of the heat section 62 performs a small amount of heat exchange with the low-temperature and low-pressure refrigerant in the first heat exchange section 61 in the intermediate heat exchanger 6, and then reaches the first port of the third heat exchanger 5 to exchange heat from the third After the second port of the radiator 5 flows out, the refrigerant passes through the first fluid in sequence.
  • the first interface 181 of the valve changer and the second interface 182 of the first fluid switching valve then flow to the gas-liquid separator 2.
  • the low-temperature and low-pressure gaseous refrigerant flows into the first heat exchange section.
  • the second port of 61 performs heat exchange with the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62, and then the refrigerant enters the compressor 1 and is compressed by the compressor 1 into a high-temperature and high-pressure gaseous refrigerant, which works in this cycle.
  • the first throttle element 8 is provided to reduce the temperature of the refrigerant reaching the second heat exchange section 62, thereby reducing the second heat exchange section 62 and the first heat exchange section.
  • the temperature difference of the refrigerant in 61 reduces the heat transfer function of the intermediate heat exchanger 6; at the same time, because the temperature of the refrigerant reaching the third heat exchanger 5 is low, the heat pump system can absorb heat from the external environment and improve the energy efficiency of the system .
  • the second dehumidification mode in this embodiment improves the efficiency of the system, avoids the waste of energy, thereby saving electrical energy and increasing the mileage of the car.
  • this embodiment provides another heat pump system, which is basically the same in structure and working principle as the air conditioning system in Embodiment 8. The difference is that this embodiment uses the second fluid switching valve 18 'and The fifth valve member 23 replaces the first fluid switching valve 18 in the eighth embodiment.
  • the second fluid switching valve 18 ' also has four interfaces, which are the first interface 181' of the second fluid switching valve, the second interface 182 'of the second fluid switching valve, and the third interface of the second fluid switching valve.
  • the third interface 183' of the second fluid switching valve is in communication with the first interface 181 'of the second fluid switching valve, and the second interface 182' of the second fluid switching valve Communicates with the fourth interface 184 'of the second fluid switching valve; in the second working mode of the second fluid switching valve, the third interface 183' of the second fluid switching valve is in communication with the fourth interface 184 'of the second fluid switching valve A second interface 182 'of the second fluid switching valve is in communication with the first interface 181' of the second fluid switching valve; the first interface 181 'of the second fluid switching valve is in communication with the second port of the third heat exchanger 5, The second interface 182 'of the second fluid switching valve is in communication with the second port of the first heat exchange section 61, the third interface 183' of the second fluid switching valve is in communication with the outlet of the first heat exchanger 3, and the second fluid is switched
  • the fourth port 184 ′ of the valve can communicate with at least one of the second port of
  • the fifth valve member 23 is provided at the fourth interface 184 'of the second fluid switching valve, which not only guarantees the best performance under the cooling and heating conditions in this article, but also provides more valve body options.
  • the method improves the versatility of the heat pump system and is beneficial to saving production costs.
  • this embodiment provides another heat pump system, which is basically the same in structure and working principle as the air conditioning system in Embodiment 8. The difference is that the first heat exchanger 3 and the second At least one of the heaters 4 is not provided in the air duct.
  • the first heat exchanger 3 in this embodiment may include a refrigerant flow path and a cooling liquid flow path, and the refrigerant flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 are relatively disconnected.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the coolant in the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 can perform heat exchange; further, the heat pump system further includes a fourth heat exchanger 19 and a first A pump 20 is connected to the cooling liquid flow path of the first heat exchanger 3 and the fourth heat exchanger 19 through the first pump 20 so as to realize heat exchange between the first heat exchanger 3 and the fourth heat exchanger 19.
  • the above-mentioned second heat exchanger 4 may also include a refrigerant flow path and a cooling liquid flow path, and the refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 and the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 are relatively disconnected.
  • the refrigerant in the refrigerant flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 and the coolant in the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 can perform heat exchange; further, the heat pump system further includes a fifth heat exchanger 21 and a second The pump 22 and the cooling liquid flow path of the second heat exchanger 4 communicate with the fifth heat exchanger 21 through the second pump 22, thereby realizing heat exchange between the second heat exchanger 4 and the fifth heat exchanger 21.
  • the first throttling element 8 under the heating condition, the first throttling element 8 is turned on, so that the high-pressure refrigerant from the first heat exchanger 3 passes through the throttling and reducing pressure, and then enters the second heat exchange portion 62, and communicates with the first
  • the low-pressure refrigerant in the heat-exchanging section 61 carries out downstream heat exchange, which greatly reduces the heat-exchanging function of the intermediate heat exchanger 6.
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the third heat exchanger 5 and the low-pressure refrigerant from the second heat exchanger 4 can be exchanged with each other in the intermediate heat exchanger 6 to improve the cooling performance coefficient of the system;
  • the high-pressure refrigerant from the first heat exchanger 3 is first throttled and depressurized by the first throttling element 8 and then is in the intermediate heat exchanger 6 with the low-pressure refrigerant from the third heat exchanger 5 Downstream heat exchange, because the temperature of the refrigerant is reduced after passing through the first throttling element 8, thereby reducing the temperature of the refrigerant in the second heat exchange section 62, that is, reducing the second heat exchange section 62 and the first heat exchange
  • the temperature difference of the refrigerant in the portion 61, and the refrigerants in the first heat exchange portion 61 and the second heat exchange portion 62 exchange heat in a state of downstream, thereby greatly weakening the heat exchange of the intermediate heat exchanger 6 Function
  • the heat pump system is provided with an intermediate heat exchanger and a flow adjustment device.
  • the flow adjustment device includes a first throttle element and a first valve.
  • the refrigerant enters the first section after the first heat exchanger releases heat.
  • the flow element enters the second heat exchange part after being throttled by the first throttling element, and the refrigerant enters the first heat exchange part after the third heat exchanger absorbs heat. Due to the throttling of the first throttling element, the cooling is relatively reduced.
  • the heat release of the agent in the first heat exchanging part when the suction superheat degree of the compressor exceeds a predetermined range, is conducive to reducing the suction superheat degree of the compressor, and further improves the performance of the heat pump system.

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Abstract

热泵系统,包括压缩机(1)、第一换热器(3)、第二换热器(4)、第三换热器(5)、中间换热器(6)、第一节流元件(8)和第一阀件(9),中间换热器(6)包括能进行热交换的第一换热部(61)和第二换热部(62),第一换热部(61)的第一端口与压缩机(1)的入口连通,第一换热部(61)的第二端口能够与第二换热器(4)的出口和第三换热器(5)的第二端口中至少之一连通,第二换热部(62)的第一端口能够与第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通。

Description

一种热泵系统
本公开要求在2018年06月14日提交中国专利局、申请号为201810613903.5和201810613434.7的中国专利申请的优先权,以上申请的全部内容通过引用结合在本公开中。
技术领域
本文涉及热管理技术领域。
背景技术
通常,热泵系统中设置中间换热器能够提高热泵系统的性能,如中间换热器能够提高热泵系统的制冷性能,但热泵系统在制热时,中间换热器增加了压缩机的吸气过热度,可能导致热泵性能的降低,因此,有必要对现有的技术进行改进,以有利于提高热管理系统的性能。
发明内容
本文提供了一种热泵系统,以有利于提高热泵系统制的性能。
本文提供了一种热泵系统,包括压缩机、第一换热器、第二换热器、第三换热器和中间换热器,所述中间换热器包括第一换热部和第二换热部,所述第一换热部和所述第二换热部能够热交换,所述第一换热部的第一端口与所述压缩机的入口连通,所述第一换热部的第二端口能够与所述第二换热器的出口和所述第三换热器的第二端口中至少之一连通,所述第二换热部的第一端口能够与所述第三换热器的第一端口连通;
所述第一换热器的出口能够通过第一节流元件与所述第三换热器的第一端口连通;所述第二换热部的第一端口或第二端口能够通过第一阀件与所述第二换热器的入口连通,所述第三换热器的第一端口能够通过所述第一阀件与所述第二换热器的入口连通;
所述热泵系统包括制冷模式和制热模式,在所述热泵系统的制热模式,所述第一换热器的出口通过所述第一节流元件与所述第三换热器的第一端口连通,所述第一阀件至少部分截止,所述第一节流元件开启。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例中的技术方案,下面将对本发明实施例描述中所需要使用的附图作简单的介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本文的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据本发明实施例的内容和这些附图获得其他的附图。
图1是本文实施例一提供的热泵系统在制冷模式时的示意图;
图2是本文实施例一提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图;
图3是本文实施例一提供的热泵系统在第一除湿模式时的示意图;
图4是本文实施例一提供的热泵系统在第二除湿模式时的示意图;
图5是本文实施例二提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图;
图6是本文实施例三提供的热泵系统在制冷模式时的示意图;
图7是本文实施例三提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图;
图8是本文实施例三提供的热泵系统在第一除湿模式时的示意图;
图9是本文实施例三提供的热泵系统在第二除湿模式时的示意图;
图10是本文实施例三提供的第一流体切换阀处于第一工作模式时的连通示意图;
图11是本文实施例三提供的第一流体切换阀处于第二工作模式时的示意图;
图12是本文实施例四提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图;
图13是本文实施例四提供的第二流体切换阀处于第一工作模式时的示意图;
图14是本文实施例四提供的第二流体切换阀处于第二工作模式时的示意图;
图15是本文实施例五提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图;
图16是本文实施例六提供的热泵系统在制冷模式时的示意图;
图17是本文实施例六提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图;
图18是本文实施例六提供的热泵系统在第一除湿模式时的示意图;
图19是本文实施例六提供的热泵系统在第二除湿模式时的示意图;
图20是本文实施例七提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图;
图21是本文实施例八提供的热泵系统在制冷模式时的示意图;
图22是本文实施例八提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图;
图23是本文实施例八提供的热泵系统在第一除湿模式时的示意图;
图24是本文实施例八提供的热泵系统在第二除湿模式时的示意图;
图25是本文实施例八提供的第一流体切换阀处于第一工作模式时的示意图;
图26是本文实施例八提供的第一流体切换阀处于第二工作模式时的示意图;
图27是本文实施例九提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图;
图28是本文实施例九提供的第二流体切换阀处于第一工作模式时的状态图;
图29是本文实施例九提供的第二流体切换阀处于第二工作模式时的连接状态图;
图30是本文实施例九提供的热泵系统在制热模式时的示意图。
图1-图15中的粗实线表示导通,细实线表示不导通。
图中:1-压缩机;2-气液分离器;3-第一换热器;4-第二换热器;5-第三换热器;6-中间换热器;61-第一换热部;62-第二换热部;7-第一旁通支路;71-第一路;72-第二路;8-第一节流元件;9-第一阀件;10-第二阀件;11-第三阀件;12-第四阀件;13-第二节流元件;14-第一风门;15-格栅;16-风机;17-第二风门;18-第一流体切换阀;181-第一流体切换阀的第一接口;182-第一流体切换阀的第二接口;183-第一流体切换阀的第三接口;184-第一流体切换阀的第四接口;18’-第二流体切换阀;181’-第二流体切换阀的第一接口;182’-第二流体切换阀的第二接口;183’-第二流体切换阀的第三接口;184’-第二流体切换阀的第四接口;19-第四换热器;20-第一泵;21-第五换热器;22-第二泵;23-第五阀件。
具体实施方式
为使本文解决的技术问题、采用的技术方案和达到的技术效果更加清楚,下面将结合附图对本发明实施例的技术方案作进一步的详细描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本文一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。该热泵系统的一个或多个实施方式可以适用于家用空调系统、车用空调系统或者商用空调系统,下面以车用热泵系统为例介绍。
实施例一
如图1-图5所示,本实施例提供一种热泵系统,其具有制冷模式、制热模式和除湿模式(或称除雾模式)等多种工作模式。具体的,该热泵系统包括用于调节车厢内的温度和湿度中至少之一的空调箱,热泵系统还包括压缩机1、气液分离器2、第三换热器5和中间换热器6;空调箱内设置有风道,风道的一端设置有用于向风道内通入循环风的第一风门14,风道的另一端设置有用于向车厢内送风的格栅15,风道内从风道入口到出口依次设置有风机16、第二换热器4和第一换热器3,其中第一换热器3处设置有第二风门17,用于控制流经第一换热器3的空气流。上述第一换热器3和第二换热器4可根据车厢内的工况需求选择性地给车厢进行供热、供冷或除雾。可以理解的是,上述第一换热器3和第二换热器4不仅可以设置于车厢内,也可以设置于车厢外,通过送风管道向车厢内送风。上述中间换热器6包括第一换热部61和第二换热部62,第一换热部61与第二换热部62相对不连通,第一换热部61和第二换热部62之间的流体流动是独立进行的,且两者之间能够进行热交换。具体的,本实施例一的 中间换热器6的第一换热部61用于通入相对低压冷媒,第二换热部62用于通入相对高压冷媒。
压缩机1的出口能够通过第二阀件10与第一换热器3的入口连通,第一换热器3的出口能够与第二换热部62的第二端口连通,第二换热部62的第一端口能够与第三换热器5的第一端口连通;第三换热器5的第二端口能够通过第四阀件12与气液分离器2的入口连通;气液分离器2的出口能够与中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口连通,中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第一端口与压缩机1的入口连通;压缩机1的出口能够通过第三阀件11与第三换热器5的第二端口连通。第二换热部62的第二端口还与第二换热器4的入口连通,且第二换热器4的入口处设置有第二节流元件13,第二换热器4的出口与气液分离器2的入口连通。具体地,热泵系统还包括第一路71,第一路71设置有第一节流元件8,第一换热器3的出口能够通过第一路71与第三换热器5的第一端口连通;热泵系统还包括第二路72,第二路包括第一阀件9和第二换热部62,第一阀件9的一个端口能够与第二换热部62的第一端口或第二换热部62的第二端口连通,第三换热器5的第一端口能够通过第二路72与第二换热器62的入口连通;更为具体地,在一种实施方式,第一阀件9包括两个端口,如二通阀,第一阀件9的第一端口与第二换热部62的第二端口连通,第一阀件9的第二端口能够与第二换热器4的进口连通;或者第一阀件9的第一端口与第二换热部62的第一端口连通,第一阀件9的第二端口与第三换热器5的第一端口连通;或者,第一阀件9和第一节流元件8一体设置,第一阀件9包括两个端口,第一阀件9和第一节流元件8定义为流量调节阀,流量调节阀包括阀体,第一阀件9和第一节流元件8的相应端口设置于阀体。在另一实施方式,第一阀件9包括三个端口,如三通阀或三通流量调节阀或两个截止阀,第一阀件9的第一端口与第二换热部62的第二端口连通,第一阀件9的第二端口与第一节流元件8的第二端口连通,第一阀件9的第三端口能够与第二换热器4的进口连通或者与第一换热器3的出口连通;或者第一阀件9的第一端口与第二换热部62的第一端口连通,第一阀件9的第二端口与第一节流元件8的第一端口连通,第一阀件9的第三端口与第三换热器5的第一端口连通。或者,第一阀件9包括三个端口,第一阀件9和第一节流元件8一体设置,第一阀件9和第一节流元件8定义为流量调节阀,流量调节阀包括阀体,第一阀件9和第一节流元件8的相应端口设置于阀体。第一阀件9还可以为单向阀,单向阀与第二换热部62串联 设置,单向阀的入口与第二换热部62的第二端口连通,单向阀的出口能够与第二换热器4的进口连通,或者单向阀的出口与第二换热部62的第一端口连通,单向阀的入口与第三换热器5的第一端口连通。热泵系统的第一路71,设置有第一节流元件8,用于对流经第一路71的冷媒进行节流降压;热泵系统的第二路包括第一阀件9,第一阀件9能够使第二路导通或不导通;这样,热泵系统能够根据工况选择第一路71导通或第二路72导通。
本实施例给出了热泵系统中第二阀件10、第三阀件11和第四阀件12的具体设置方式,当然,在其它实施例中,也可以不设置第二阀件10和第三阀件11,而仅设置第四阀件12和一个第一三通阀,其中第一三通阀的第一接口能够与压缩机1的出口连通,第一三通阀的第二接口能够与第一换热器3的入口连通,第一三通阀的第三接口能够与第三换热器5的第二端口连通,第四阀件12的第一端口能够与第三换热器的第二端口连通,第四阀件12的第二端口与第一换热部61的第二端口连通,该设置同样能够实现本文对各工作模式的控制功能。或者,在其它实施例中,也可以不设置第三阀件11和第四阀件12,而仅设置第二阀件10和一个第二三通阀,其中第二三通阀的第二接口、第二阀件10的第一端口与压缩机1的出口连通,第二阀件10的第二端口与第一换热器3的制冷剂入口连通,第二三通阀的第一接口与第三换热器5的第二端口连通,第二三通阀的第三接口与第二换热器4的制冷剂出口连通,第二三通阀的第三接口与第一换热部61的第二端口连通,该设置方式与上述两种阀件的设置方式类似,同样能够实现本文对各工作模式的控制功能。
本实施例不同工作模式下的工作原理如下:
1)当夏天车内需要制冷时,该空调热泵系统切换为制冷模式。如图1所示,在制冷模式下,第一阀件9、第三阀件11和第二节流元件13开启,第二阀件10、第四阀件12和第一节流元件8关闭。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后通过第三阀件11流向第三换热器5的第二端。高温高压的气态冷媒在第三换热器5中被室外空气流冷却,其放出的热量释放到室外空气中,而本身经冷却后发生相变冷凝成液态。液态的冷媒由第三换热器5的第一端流出,此时由于第一阀件9是打开的,第一节流元件8是关闭的,因此冷媒不经过第一节流元件8,而是流入中间换热器6的第二换热部62的第一端口,此时第二换热部62中的冷媒与第一换热部61中的冷媒进行热交换,由于通过第一换热部61的冷媒是经过第 二换热器4后的低温低压的冷媒,所以两者热交换后能使流经第二换热部62的冷媒进一步降温。冷媒从第二换热部62的第二端口流出后,通过第一阀件9,然后再流入第二节流元件13,通过第二节流元件13的节流降压后,到达第二换热器4,此时低温低压的液态冷媒在第二换热器4中,吸收室内空气流中的热量,吸收热量后冷媒本身发生相变(或部分相变)而蒸发成气态,并使车厢内的空气降温;然后冷媒进入气液分离器2,经气液分离器2分离后,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口,此时,第一换热部61内的冷媒与第二换热部62内的冷媒进行逆流换热,第一换热部61内的冷媒被升温后,再被压缩机1吸入,压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。上述过程中,由于通过第一换热部61的冷媒的温度得到提高,从而使进入压缩机1的冷媒的温度也能得到提高,从而节省了功耗。本实施例制冷模式下,通过使来自第三换热器5的高压冷媒与来自气液分离器2的低压冷媒在中间换热器6中逆流换热,从而大大提高了系统的制冷性能系数。
本实施例中风机16对室内空气流起输送作用。室内空气流通过第二换热器4被降温,然后经风道与格栅15送入车室内,降低车室内的温度,以提供舒适的乘车环境。此外,由于在制冷模式时,电动汽车的电池、电机变频器等发热部件也需要一定的冷却程度,为此,本实施例中也可采用相应的风管从风道中引入相应的冷风对电池进行冷却。另外也可以在车厢内设置一个回风口,将吹向车厢内的冷风经过车厢后再通过风管送向电池等发热部件,以冷却电池等发热部件。
2)当冬天车内需要制热时,该空调热泵系统切换为制热模式。如图2所示,在制热模式下,第一阀件9、第三阀件11和第二节流元件13关闭,第二阀件10、第四阀件12和第一节流元件8开启。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后通过第二阀件10进入第一换热器3,在室内空气流的冷却下,冷媒的热量传递给低温的室内空气流,本身发生相变而冷凝为液态;液态冷媒从第一换热器3出来后,由于第一阀件9关闭,第一节流元件8开启,即此时第一路71是导通的,因此冷媒直接通过第一路71进入第一节流元件8,而不进入中间换热器6的第二换热部62,从而不与第一换热部61中低温低压的冷媒进行热交换;冷媒经过第一节流元件8节流降压后,进入第三换热器5的第一端口,由于经过第一节流元 件8后到达第三换热器5的冷媒的温度相对较低,增加了第三换热器5中冷媒与外部环境的温差,从而使该系统能从较低温度的外界环境中吸收热量,实现热泵的功能。液态冷媒在第三换热器5中与低温的室外空气流进行热交换,吸收其热量后蒸发而变成低温低压的气态冷媒或气液两相的冷媒。冷媒从第三换热器5的第二端口流出后,通过第四阀件12,流向气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到中间换热器6的第一换热部61,但此时不与第二换热部62进行热交换,之后冷媒流入压缩机1,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。上述过程中,来自第一换热器3的高压冷媒经过第一节流元件8节流降压后不经过中间换热器6直接进入第三换热器5,因此在中间换热器6中没有热量交换,从而去除了中间换热器6的作用,减小了制热模式下压缩机1的吸气过热度,保证热泵系统制热性能系数的最大化。
本实施例中室内空气流通过第一换热器3被加热,经风道与格栅15后送入车室内,增加车室内的温度,为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。此外,本文的汽车空调系统制热时不让冷媒通过第二换热器4,这样风机16吹出的风通过第二换热器4时不会进行热交换,而直接到达冷媒温度高的第一换热器3进行热交换。而且如果环境温度太低,热泵的加热性能不足,或导致热泵效率较低甚至导致热泵无法工作时,可使用电加热器来辅助加热,通过电加热器与热泵系统一起实现加热功能。这样,该系统的工作范围能进一步加大,从而扩大了该汽车空调的使用范围,特别是在低温低寒区域。
3)当需要除掉车厢内空气的湿气或玻璃上的雾气时,启动除湿(雾)模式,本实施例的第一除湿模式如图3所示,此时第二阀件10和第二节流元件13开启,第三阀件11、第四阀件12关闭,所述第一节流元件和所述第一阀件中至少之一使所述第一路71不导通,所述第一阀件9使所述第二路72不导通。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,通过第二阀件10流入第一换热器3;在第一换热器3处,通过调整第二风门17的开度,可以选择冷媒是否与室内空气流进行热交换,即在气温较低时可以使第一换热器3与室内空气流进行热交换,而在气温相对较高时也可以使第一换热器3不与室内空气流进行热交换。从第一换热器3出来后,冷媒经过第二节流元件13节流降压,然后到达第二换热器4,低温低压的液态冷媒在第二换热器4中与室内空气流进行热交换,由于第二换热器4的表 面温度相对车厢内温度要低得多,因此在此过程中,第二换热器4前的空气的露点温度高于第二换热器4的表面温度,这样就会有水分在第二换热器4的表面上冷凝而析出,并通过设置的管道排出,这样就降低了车厢内空气中的水蒸汽的含量,即降低了相对湿度,从而达到车厢内除湿或除雾的目的。从第二换热器4出来后,冷媒进入气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离,液态冷媒储藏在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再到达中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口;此时由于第一阀件9处于关闭状态,因此中间换热器6中没有热交换,冷媒从第一换热部61的第一端口出来后,进入压缩机1的入口,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。
本实施例中室内空气流通过第二换热器4被降温除湿,经过第一换热器3被加热至合适温度,然后经风道与格栅15送入车室内,从而为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。室内空气流温度的控制是这样实现的:可根据需要,由第二风门17的开启角度决定流经第一换热器3的空气流的比例,加热流经第一换热器3的空气流,再与原来的空气流进行混合,从而达到所需的温度。另外,如果温度比较高时,也可以使第一换热器3的第二风门17开度为零,让风道旁通,不让风经过第一换热器3,这样,当高温高压的气态冷媒从压缩机1出来,经过第一换热器3时,第二风门17是关闭的,所以经过第一换热器3的冷媒不会与空气流产生热交换;而当温度较低时,可以使第一换热器3的第二风门17开度最大,让风经过第一换热器3,使经过除湿后的空气进行升温后,经风道与格栅15送入车室内或车窗上,使温度和湿度同时得到控制,这样就使车室内的舒适度得以提高。另外如果需要快速除去玻璃上的雾气或水汽时,可直接关闭第二风门17,并通过相应的风管直接把冷风吹向玻璃,达到快速除去玻璃表面雾气的目的。
4)本实施例的第二除湿模式如图4所示,此时第二阀件10、第四阀件12、第一节流元件8和第二节流元件13开启,第一阀件9和第三阀件11关闭,所述第一节流元件8和所述第一阀件9中至少之一使所述第一路71导通,所述第一阀件9使所述第二路72不导通。如图中的粗实线所示,第二除湿模式同时具有两条冷媒循环回路,第一条冷媒循环回路与上述第一除湿模式相同,此处不再赘述,第二条冷媒循环回路为:压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,通过第二阀件10后流入第一换热器3,从第一换热器3出来后,由于第一阀件9关闭,第一节流元件8开启,因此冷媒 不经过中间换热器6的第二换热部62,而是流入第一路71,经过第一节流元件8节流降压,然后到达第三换热器5的第一端口,在第三换热器5中低温低压的液态冷媒与室外空气流进行热交换,吸收外界热量蒸发而变成低温低压的气态冷媒或气液两相的冷媒;然后冷媒通过第四阀件12,流向气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口,但此时第一换热部61的冷媒不与第二换热部62进行热交换,之后冷媒进入压缩机1,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。本实施例在第二条冷媒循环回路中,通过设置第一节流元件8,使到达第三换热器5的冷媒与外部环境的温差加大,使该热泵系统能够从外界环境中吸收热量,能效比提高;同时由于在中间换热器6中不进行热交换,从而去除了中间换热器6的作用,避免了中间换热器6的影响。本实施例第二除湿模式相对于第一除湿模式来说,提高了系统的效率,避免了能源的浪费,从而节省了电能,提高了汽车的行驶里程。
本实施例中,室内空气流为流经内循环风口和新风口的混合风,混合比例可由系统根据舒适性要求,由第一风门14进行控制;本文引入内循环风可以进一步的节省功耗,而内循环风的比例以不引起车窗结雾为目标。
进一步地,上述第一节流元件8和第二节流元件13均可以采用电子膨胀阀或热力膨胀阀,本实施例优选采用控制方便的电子膨胀阀。上述中间换热器6可以为套管式换热器或并列的双流道换热器,本实施例优选采用套管式换热器,其设置方式为:第二换热部62套设在第一换热部61的管中,两者之间密封隔绝;或者第一换热部61套设在第二换热部62的管中,两者之间密封隔绝,只要能实现这两部分的热交换即可。
实施例二
如图5所示,本实施例提供又一种热泵系统,其与实施例一中空调系统的组成结构和工作原理基本相同,区别在于:本实施例的第一换热器3和第二换热器4中至少之一不设置于风道内。具体地,本实施例第一换热器3可包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,第一换热器3的制冷剂流道和第一换热器3的冷却液流道相对不连通,第一换热器3的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和第一换热器3的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;进一步地,热泵系统还包括第四换热器19和第一泵20,第一换热器3的冷却液流道通过第一泵20与第四换热器19连通,从而实现第一换热器3与第四换热器19的热交换。同样的,上述第二换热 器4也可包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,第二换热器4的制冷剂流道和第二换热器4的冷却液流道相对不连通,第二换热器4的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和第二换热器4的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;进一步地,热泵系统还包括第五换热器21和第二泵22,第二换热器4的冷却液流道通过第二泵22与第五换热器21连通,从而实现第二换热器4与第五换热器21的热交换。本实施例在制热工况下,第一节流元件8开启,第一节流元件8旁通第二换热部62,从而能够有效去除中间换热器6的作用,保证热泵系统制热性能系数的最大化。
实施例三
如图6-图11所示,本实施例提供又一种热泵系统,其与实施例一中空调系统的组成结构和工作原理基本相同,区别在于:本实施例中未设置第二阀件10、第三阀件11和第四阀件12,而是设置了第一流体切换阀18,如图10和图11所示,该第一流体切换阀18具有四个接口,分别为第一流体切换阀的第一接口181、第一流体切换阀的第二接口182、第一流体切换阀的第三接口183和第一流体切换阀的第四接口184。该第一流体切换阀18包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式,如图10所示,在第一流体切换阀18的第一工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第一接口181连通,第一流体切换阀的第二接口182与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184截止;如图11所示,在第一流体切换阀18的第二工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184连通,第一流体切换阀的第二接口182与第一流体切换阀的第一接口181连通。
本实施例中各部件之间的线路连通关系如下:
压缩机1的出口端与第一换热器3的入口连通,第一换热器3的出口与第一流体切换阀的第三接口183连通,第一流体切换阀的第四接口184与中间换热器6的第二换热部62的第二端口连通,中间换热器6的第二换热部62的第一端口与第三换热器5的第一端口连通,第三换热器5的第二端口与第一流体切换阀的第一接口181连通,第一流体切换阀的第二接口182与气液分离器2的入口连通,气液分离器2的出口与中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口连通,中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第一端口与压缩机1的进口连通。第一流体切换阀的第四接口184还与第二换热器4的入口连通,且第二换热器4的入口处设置有第二节流元件13,第二换热器4的出口与第一流体切换阀的第二接口182及气液分离器2的入口连通。进一步地,中间换热器6第二换热部62 的两端还并联设置有第一路71,第一路71上设置有第一节流元件8,用于对流经第一路71的冷媒进行节流降压,同时第二换热部62的第二端口到第一路71之间的管路上还设置有第一阀件9。同样,该第一阀件9可以为二通阀、三通阀、单向阀或两个截止阀,其具体设置方式与实施例一中的相同,此处不再赘述。
本实施例不同工作模式下的工作原理如下:
1)当夏天车内需要制冷时,该空调热泵系统切换为制冷模式。如图6所示,在制冷模式下,第一阀件9和第二节流元件13开启,第一节流元件8关闭,第一流体切换阀18处于第一工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第一接口181与第一流体切换阀的第三接口183导通,第一流体切换阀的第二接口182与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184截止。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后气态冷媒进入第一换热器3,在第一换热器3中与室内空气流进行热量交换后,冷媒本身发生相变而冷凝为液态;液态冷媒从第一换热器3出来后,由第一流体切换阀的第三接口183流入第一流体切换阀18,再由第一流体切换阀的第一接口181流出第一流体切换阀18,之后冷媒进入第三换热器5的第二端口;在第三换热器5中与室外空气流进行热量交换后,冷媒由第三换热器5的第一端口流出,此时由于第一阀件9是打开的,第一节流元件8是关闭的,因此冷媒不经过第一节流元件8,而是流入第二换热部62的第一端口,此时第二换热部62中的高压冷媒与第一换热部61中的低压冷媒进行热交换,从而能使流经第二换热部62的冷媒被进一步降温。冷媒从第二换热部62的第二端口流出后,通过第一阀件9,然后再流入第二节流元件13,通过第二节流元件13的节流降温后,到达第二换热器4,此时低温低压的液态冷媒在第二换热器4中,吸收室内空气流中的热量,吸收热量后冷媒本身发生相变(或部分相变)而蒸发成气态,并使车厢内的空气降温;然后冷媒进入气液分离器2,经气液分离器2分离后,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到的第一换热部61的第二端口,此时,第一换热部61内的冷媒与第二换热部62内的冷媒进行逆流换热,第一换热部61内的冷媒被升温后,再被压缩机1吸入,压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。上述过程中,由于通过第一换热部61的冷媒的温度得到提高,从而使进入压缩机1的冷媒的温度也能得到提高,从而节省了功耗。本实施例制冷模式下,通过使来自第三换热器5的高压冷媒与来自气液分离器2的低压冷媒在中间换热器6中逆流换热,从而大大提高了系统的制冷性能系数。本实施例 中室内空气流通过第二换热器4被降温,然后可选择地流经第一换热器3,再经过风道与格栅15送入车室内,以降低车室内的温度,为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。
2)当冬天车内需要制热时,该空调热泵系统切换为制热模式。如图7所示,在制热模式下,第一阀件9和第二节流元件13关闭,第一节流元件8开启,第一流体切换阀18处于第二工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第一接口181与第一流体切换阀的第二接口182导通,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184导通。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后气态冷媒进入第一换热器3,在室内空气流的冷却下,冷媒的热量传递给低温的室内空气流,本身发生相变而冷凝为液态;液态冷媒从第一换热器3出来后,由第一流体切换阀的第三接口183流入第一流体切换阀18,再由第一流体切换阀的第四接口184流出第一流体切换阀18,之后冷媒直接通过第一路71进入第一节流元件8,而不进入中间换热器6的第二换热部62,从而不与第一换热部61中低温低压的冷媒进行热交换;冷媒经过第一节流元件8节流降压后,进入第三换热器5的第一端,由于经过第一节流元件8后到达第三换热器5的冷媒的温度相对较低,增加了第三换热器5中冷媒与外部环境的温差,从而使该系统能从较低温度的低温环境中吸收热量,实现热泵的功能。液态冷媒在第三换热器5中与低温的室外空气流进行热交换,吸收其热量后蒸发而变成低温低压的气态冷媒或气液两相的冷媒。冷媒从第三换热器5的第二端流出后,依次通过第一流体切换阀的第一接口181和第一流体切换阀的第二接口182,流向气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到中间换热器6的第一换热部61,但此时不与第二换热部62进行热交换,之后冷媒流入压缩机1,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。上述过程中,来自第一换热器3的高压冷媒经过第一节流元件8节流降压后不经过中间换热器6直接进入第三换热器5,因此在中间换热器6中没有热量交换,从而去除了中间换热器6的作用,减小了制热模式下压缩机1的吸气过热度,保证热泵系统制热性能系数的最大化。本实施例中室内空气流通过第一换热器3被加热,经风道与格栅15后送入车室内,增加车室内的温度,为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。
3)当需要除掉车厢内空气的湿气或玻璃上的雾气时,启动除湿(雾)模式, 本实施例的第一除湿模式如图8所示,此时第一阀件9和第一节流元件8关闭,第二节流元件13开启,第一流体切换阀18处于第二工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第一接口181与第一流体切换阀的第二接口182导通,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184导通。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后进入第一换热器3,从第一换热器3出来后,冷媒依次经过第一流体切换阀的第三接口183和第一流体切换阀的第四接口184,然后流入第二节流元件13进行节流降压,之后到达第二换热器4,使水分在第二换热器4的表面上冷凝而析出,从而降低车厢内空气中的含湿量,达到车厢内除湿或除雾的目的。从第二换热器4出来后,冷媒进入气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离后,低温低压的气态冷媒再到达中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口,此时中间换热器6中没有热交换;冷媒从第一换热部61的第一端口出来后,进入压缩机1的入口,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。本实施例中室内空气流通过第二换热器4被降温除湿,经过第一换热器3被加热至合适温度,然后经风道与格栅15送入车室内,从而为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。
4)本实施例的第二除湿模式如图9所示,此时第一阀件9关闭,第一节流元件8和第二节流元件13开启,第一流体切换阀18处于第二工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第一接口181与第一流体切换阀的第二接口182导通,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184导通。如图中的粗实线所示,第二除湿模式同时具有两条冷媒循环回路,第一条冷媒循环回路与上述第一除湿模式相同,此处不再赘述,第二条冷媒循环回路为:压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后进入第一换热器3,从第一换热器3出来后,冷媒依次经过第一流体切换阀的第三接口183和第一流体切换阀的第四接口184,然后流入第一路71,而不经过中间换热器6的第二换热部62,冷媒在第一路71中经第一节流元件8节流降压后,到达第三换热器5的第一端,从第三换热器5的第二端流出后,冷媒依次经过第一流体切换阀18第一接口181和第一流体切换阀的第二接口182,然后流向气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离后,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到中间换热器6第一换热部61的第二端口,但此时第一换热部61的冷媒不与第二换热部62进行热交换,之后冷媒进入压缩机1,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。本实施例在第二条冷媒循环回路中,通过设置第一节流元件8, 使到达第三换热器5的冷媒与外部环境的温差加大,使该热泵系统能够从外界环境中吸收热量,能效比提高;同时由于在中间换热器6中不进行热交换,从而去除了中间换热器6的作用,避免了中间换热器6的影响。本实施例第二除湿模式相对于第一除湿模式来说,提高系统的效率,避免了能源的浪费,从而节省了电能,提高了汽车行驶里程。
实施例四
如图12-14所示,本实施例提供又一种热泵系统,其与实施例三中空调系统的组成结构和工作原理基本相同,区别在于:本实施例使用第二流体切换阀18’和第五阀件23代替了实施例三中的第一流体切换阀18。
具体地,第二流体切换阀18’也具有四个接口,分别为第二流体切换阀的第一接口181’、第二流体切换阀的第二接口182’、第二流体切换阀的第三接口183’和第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’。第二流体切换阀18’包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式,在第二流体切换阀18’的第一工作模式,第二流体切换阀的第三接口183’与第二流体切换阀的第一接口181’连通,第二流体切换阀的第二接口182’与第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’连通;在第二流体切换阀18’的第二工作模式,第二流体切换阀的第三接口183’与第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’连通,第二流体切换阀的第二接口182’与第二流体切换阀的第一接口181’连通;第二流体切换阀的第一接口181’与第三换热器5的第二端口连通,第二流体切换阀的第二接口182’与第一换热部61的第二端口连通,第二流体切换阀的第三接口183’与第一换热器3的出口连通,第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’通过第五阀件23能够与第一节流元件8的第二端口和第二换热器4的进口中至少之一连通。本实施例通过在第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’处设置第五阀件23,既保证了本文制冷和制热工况下的最佳性能,同时也提供了更多的阀体选择方式,提高了本热泵系统的通用性,有利于节省制作成本。本实施例中其它结构的设置及其工作原理与实施例三相同,此处不再赘述。
实施例五
如图15所示,本实施例提供又一种热泵系统,其与实施例三中空调系统的组成结构和工作原理基本相同,区别在于:本实施例的第一换热器3和第二换热器4中至少之一不设置于风道内。具体地,本实施例第一换热器3可包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,第一换热器3的制冷剂流道和第一换热器3的冷却液流道相对不连通,第一换热器3的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和第一换热器3的冷 却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;进一步地,热泵系统还包括第四换热器19和第一泵20,第一换热器3的冷却液流道通过第一泵20与第四换热器19连通,从而实现第一换热器3与第四换热器19的热交换。同样的,上述第二换热器4也可包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,第二换热器4的制冷剂流道和第二换热器4的冷却液流道相对不连通,第二换热器4的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和第二换热器4的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;进一步地,热泵系统还包括第五换热器21和第二泵22,第二换热器4的冷却液流道通过第二泵22与第五换热器21连通,从而实现第二换热器4与第五换热器21的热交换。本实施例在制热工况下,第一节流元件8开启,第一节流元件8旁通第二换热部62,从而能够有效去除中间换热器6的作用,保证热泵系统制热性能系数的最大化。
综上,本文在制冷模式时,能够使来自第三换热器5的高压冷媒与来自汽液分离器2的低压冷媒在中间换热器6中逆流换热,提高系统制冷性能系数;而在制热模式时,能够使来自第一换热器3的高压冷媒经过第一节流元件8节流降压后不经过中间换热器6直接进入第三换热器5,从而使系统旁通了中间换热器6,消除了中间换热器6对制热性能系数的消减。
在实施例一至五中,热泵系统包括中间换热器,中间换热器包括第一换热部和第二换热部;热泵系统设置第一路和第二路,第一路包括第一节流元件,第二路包括第一阀件及第二换热部;热泵系统制热时,第一路能够旁通第二路,第一换热部和第二换热部不换热或换热量较少,当压缩机的吸气过热度超出预定范围时,有利于降低压缩机的吸气过热度,进而有利于提高热泵系统性能。
实施例六
如图16-图20所示,本实施例提供一种热泵系统,其具有制冷模式、制热模式和除湿模式(或称除雾模式)等多种工作模式。具体的,该热泵系统包括用于调节车厢内的温度和湿度中至少之一的空调箱,热泵系统还包括压缩机1、气液分离器2、第三换热器5和中间换热器6;空调箱内设置有风道,风道的一端设置有用于向风道内通入循环风的第一风门14,风道的另一端设置有用于向车厢内送风的格栅15,风道内从风道入口到出口依次设置有风机16、第二换热器4和第一换热器3,其中,第一换热器的进风侧设置有第二风门17,用于控制流经第一换热器3的空气流。上述第一换热器3和第二换热器4可根据车厢内的工况需求可选择地给车厢进行供热、供冷或除雾。可以理解的是,上述第一换热器3和第二换热器4不仅可以设置于车厢内,也可以设置于车厢外,通 过送风管道向车厢内送风。上述中间换热器6包括第一换热部61和第二换热部62,第一换热部61与第二换热部62相对不连通,第一换热部61和第二换热部62之间的流体流动是独立进行的第一换热部61与第二换热部62能够进行热交换。具体的,本实施例的中间换热器6的第一换热部61用于通入相对低压冷媒,第二换热部62用于通入相对高压冷媒。
压缩机1的出口能够通过第二阀件10与第一换热器3的入口连通,第一换热器3的出口能够与第二换热部62的第二端口连通,第二换热部62的第一端口能够与第三换热器5的第一端口连接;第三换热器5的第二端口能够通过第四阀件12与气液分离器2的入口连通;气液分离器2的出口能够与中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口连通,第一换热部61的第一端口与压缩机1的入口连通。压缩机1的出口能够通过第三阀件11与第三换热器5的第二端口连通,。第二换热部62的第二端口还能够与第二换热器4的入口连接,且第二换热器4的入口处设置有第二节流元件13,第二换热器4的出口与气液分离器2的入口连通。热管理系统还包括流量调节装置,流量调节装置的第一接口与第二换热部的第二端口连通,流量调节装置的第二接口能够与第一换热器的出口连通或者能够与第二换热器的进口连通;流量调节装置包括第一节流元件8和第一阀件9,第二换热部的第二端口能够通过第一阀件9与第二换热器的入口连通,第一换热器3的出口能够通过第一节流元件8与第二换热部的第二端口连通。具体地,在一种实施方式,第一节流元件8和第一阀件9分体设置,第一节流元件8包括两个端口,第一节流元件8的第一端口能够与流量调节装置的第一接口连通,第一节流元件8的第二端口能够与流量调节装置的第二接口连通;第一阀件9包括两个端口,第一阀件9的第一端口与流量调节装置的第一接口连通,第一阀件9的第二端口能够与流量调节装置的第二接口连通;在其他实施方式,第一阀件9包括三个端口,第一阀件9的第一端口能够与流量调节装置的第一接口连通,第一阀件9的第三端口能够与第一节流元件8的第一端口连通,第一阀件9的第二端口能够与流量调节装置的第二接口连通;或者第一阀件9的第一端口与流量调节装置的第二接口连通,第一阀件9的第三端口与第一节流元件8的第二端口连通,第一节流元件8的第一端口与流量调节装置的第一接口连通,第一阀件9的第二端口与流量调节装置的第一接口连通。在又一实施方式,第一阀件9和第一节流元件8一体设置,流量调节装置包括阀体,第一阀件9和第一节流元件8的相应端口设置于阀体,这里第一阀件和第一节 流元件可以均有阀芯,第一阀件和第一节流元件也可以共用阀芯,这里不展开描述。第一阀件9还可以为单向阀,单向阀与第一节流元件8并联设置,单向阀的入口与第二换热部62的第二端口连通,单向阀的出口能够与第二换热器4的进口连通。或者,单向阀和第一节流元件8一体设置,流量调节装置包括阀体,单向阀和第一节流元件8的相应端口设置于阀体。不再详细描述。
本实施例给出了热泵系统中第二阀件10、第三阀件11和第四阀件12的具体设置方式,当然,在其它实施例中,也可以不设置第二阀件10和第三阀件11,而仅设置第四阀件12和第一三通阀,其中第一三通阀的第一接口能够与压缩机1的出口连通,第一三通阀的第二接口能够与第一换热器3的入口连通,第一三通阀的第三接口能够与第三换热器5的第二端口连通,第四阀件12的第一端口能够与第三换热器的第二端口连通,第四阀件12的第二端口与第一换热部61的第二端口连通,该设置同样能够实现本文对各工作模式的控制功能。或者,在其它实施例中,也可以不设置第三阀件11和第四阀件12,而仅设置第二阀件10和第二三通阀,其中第二三通阀的第二接口、第二阀件10的第一端口与压缩机1的出口连通,第二阀件10的第二端口与第一换热器3的制冷剂入口连通,第二三通阀的第一接口与第三换热器5的第二端口连通,第二三通阀的第三接口与第一换热部61的第二端口连通,该设置方式与上述两种阀件的设置方式类似,同样能够实现本文对各工作模式的控制功能。
本实施例不同工作模式下的工作原理如下:
1)当夏天车内需要制冷时,该空调热泵系统切换为制冷模式。如图16所示,在制冷模式下,第三阀件11和第二节流元件13开启,第二阀件10、第四阀件12和第一节流元件8关闭,第一阀件9使第二换热部的第二端口与第二节流元件的通道导通。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能或其他能量,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后通过第三阀件11流向第三换热器5的第二端口。高温高压的气态冷媒在第三换热器5中被室外空气流冷却,其放出的热量释放到室外空气中,而本身经冷却后发生相变冷凝成液态。液态的冷媒由第三换热器5的第一端口流出,然后流入中间换热器6的第二换热部62,此时第二换热部62中的冷媒与第一换热部61中的冷媒进行热交换,由于通过第一换热部61的冷媒是经过第二换热器4后的低温低压的冷媒,所以两者热交换后能使流经第二换热部62的冷媒进一步降温。冷媒从第二换热部62的第二端口流出后,由于第一节流元件8是关闭的,而第一阀件9在 该流动方向上是打开的,因此冷媒不经过第一节流元件8,而是通过单向阀,然后再流入第二节流元件13,通过第二节流元件13的节流降压后,到达第二换热器4,此时低温低压的液态冷媒在第二换热器4中,吸收室内空气流中的热量,吸收热量后冷媒本身发生相变(或部分相变)而蒸发成气态,并使车厢内的空气降温;然后冷媒进入气液分离器2,经气液分离器2分离后,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口,此时,第一换热部61内的冷媒与第二换热部62内的冷媒进行逆流换热,第一换热部61内的冷媒被升温后,再被压缩机1吸入,压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。上述过程中,由于通过第一换热部61的冷媒的温度得到提高,从而使进入压缩机1的冷媒的温度也能得到提高,从而节省了功耗。本实施例制冷模式下,通过使来自第三换热器5的高压冷媒与来自气液分离器2的低压冷媒在中间换热器6中逆流换热,从而加强了换热效果,大大提高了系统的制冷性能系数。
本实施例中风机16对室内空气流起输送作用。室内空气流通过第二换热器4被降温,然后经风道与格栅15送入车室内,降低车室内的温度,以提供舒适的乘车环境。此外,由于在制冷模式时,电动汽车的电池、电机变频器等发热部件也需要一定的冷却程度,为此,本实施例中也可采用相应的风管从风道中引入相应的冷风对电池进行冷却。另外也可以在车厢内设置一个回风口,将吹向车厢内的冷风经过车厢后再通过风管送向电池等发热部件,以冷却电池等发热部件。
2)当冬天车内需要制热时,该空调热泵系统切换为制热模式。如图17所示,在制热模式下,第三阀件11和第二节流元件13关闭,第二阀件10、第四阀件12和第一节流元件8开启。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能或其他能量,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后通过第二阀件10进入第一换热器3,在室内空气流的冷却下,冷媒的热量传递给低温的室内空气流,本身发生相变而冷凝为液态;液态冷媒从第一换热器3出来后,由于单向阀在从第一换热器3到中间换热器6的方向上是关闭的,因此第一旁通支路7不导通,而此时第一节流元件8开启,因此冷媒进入第一节流元件8进行节流降压;之后冷媒到达中间换热器6第二换热部62的第二端口,并与第一换热部61中低温低压的冷媒进行热量交换。接着,冷媒从第二换热部62的第一端口流出,并进入第三换热器5的第一端口,此时的冷媒由于经过了第 一节流元件8和第二换热部62的降温作用,因此其温度相对较低,从而能从较低温度的外界环境中吸收热量,实现热泵的功能。液态冷媒在第三换热器5中与低温的室外空气流进行热交换,吸收其热量后蒸发而变成低温低压的气态冷媒或气液两相的冷媒。冷媒从第三换热器5的第二端口流出后,通过第四阀件12,流向气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到第一换热部61的第二端口,此时,第一换热部61内的冷媒与第二换热部62内的冷媒进行顺流换热,第一换热部61内的冷媒被适当升温后,再被压缩机1吸入,压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。上述过程中,来自第一换热器3的高压冷媒经过第一节流元件8节流降压后,其温度相对较低,因而减小了流经第二换热部62的冷媒与第一换热部61中冷媒的温差,从而大大消弱了中间换热器6的换热功能;并且该工况下第一换热部61中的冷媒与第二换热部62中的冷媒顺流换热,从而进一步降低了中间换热器6的换热效果,因此有效减小了制热模式下压缩机1的吸气过热度,提升了热泵系统的制热性能系数。
本实施例中室内空气流通过第一换热器3被加热,经风道与格栅15后送入车室内,增加车室内的温度,为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。此外,本文的汽车空调系统制热时不让冷媒通过第二换热器4,这样风机16吹出的风通过第二换热器4时不会进行热交换,而直接到达冷媒温度高的第一换热器3进行热交换。而且如果环境温度太低,热泵的加热性能不足,或导致热泵效率较低甚至导致热泵无法工作时,可使用电加热器来辅助加热,通过电加热器与热泵系统一起实现加热功能。这样,该系统的工作范围能进一步加大,从而扩大了该汽车空调的使用范围,特别是在低温低寒区域。
3)当需要除掉车厢内空气的湿气或玻璃上的雾气时,启动除湿(雾)模式,本实施例的第一除湿模式如图18所示,此时第二阀件10和第二节流元件13开启,第三阀件11、第四阀件12和第一节流元件8都关闭。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,通过第二阀件10流入第一换热器3;在第一换热器3处,通过调整第二风门17的开度,可以选择冷媒是否与室内空气流进行热交换,即在气温较低时可以使第一换热器3与室内空气流进行热交换,而在气温相对较高时也可以使第一换热器3不与室内空气流进行热交换。从第一换热器3出来后,由于第一节流元件8关闭,且单向阀在从第一换热器3到中间换热器6的流动方向上不导通, 因此冷媒不经过第二换热部62,而是进入第二节流元件13,经过第二节流元件13节流降压,然后到达第二换热器4,低温低压的液态冷媒在第二换热器4中与室内空气流进行热交换,由于第二换热器4的表面温度相对车厢内温度要低得多,因此在此过程中,第二换热器4前的空气的露点温度高于第二换热器4的表面温度,这样就会有水分在第二换热器4的表面上冷凝而析出,并通过设置的管道排出,这样就降低了车厢内空气中的水蒸汽的含量,即降低了相对湿度,从而达到车厢内除湿或除雾的目的。从第二换热器4出来后,冷媒进入气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离,液态冷媒储藏在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再到达中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口;此时由于第二换热部62中没有冷媒通过,冷媒从第一换热部61的第一端口出来后,进入压缩机1的入口,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。
本实施例室内空气流通过第二换热器4被降温除湿,经过第一换热器3被加热至合适温度,然后经风道与格栅15送入车室内,从而为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。室内空气流温度的控制是这样实现的:可根据需要,由第二风门17的开启角度决定流经第一换热器3的空气流的比例,加热流经第一换热器3的空气流,再与原来的空气流进行混合,从而达到所需的温度。另外,如果温度比较高时,也可以使第一换热器3的第二风门17开度为零,让风道旁通,不让风经过第一换热器3,这样当高温高压的气态冷媒从压缩机1出来,经过第一换热器3时,第二风门17是关闭的,所以经过第一换热器3的冷媒不会与空气流产生热交换;而当温度较低时,可以使第一换热器3的第二风门17开度最大,让风经过第一换热器3,使经过除湿后的空气进行升温后,经风道与格栅15送入车室内或车窗上,使温度和湿度同时得到控制,这样就使车室内的舒适度得以提高。另外如果需要快速除去玻璃上的雾气或水汽时,可直接关闭第二风门17,并通过相应的风管直接把冷风吹向玻璃,达到快速除去玻璃表面雾气的目的。
4)本实施例的第二除湿模式如图19所示,此时第二阀件10、第四阀件12、第一节流元件8和第二节流元件13开启,第三阀件11关闭。如图中的粗实线所示,第二除湿模式同时具有两条冷媒循环回路,第一条冷媒循环回路与上述第一除湿模式相同,此处不再赘述,第二条冷媒循环回路为:压缩机1消耗一定的电能或其他能量,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,通过第二阀件10后流入第一换热器3,从第一换热器3出来后,由于单向阀在从第一换热器3到中间换热器6的流动方向上不导通,而第一节流元件8开启, 因此冷媒进入第一节流元件8,经过第一节流元件8的节流降压后,流至中间换热器6的第二换热部62的第二端口,在第一换热部61中低温低压的冷媒进行少量热交换,然后到达第三换热器5的第一端口,在第三换热器5中低温低压的液态冷媒与室外空气流进行热交换,吸收外界热量蒸发而变成低温低压的气态冷媒或气液两相的冷媒;然后冷媒通过第四阀件12,流向气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到第一换热部61的第二端口,并与第二换热部62中的冷媒发生热交换,之后冷媒进入压缩机1,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。本实施例在第二条冷媒循环回路中,通过设置第一节流元件8,使到达第二换热部62的冷媒温度降低,从而减小与第一换热部61的温差,减弱了中间换热器6的换热功能;同时由于到达第三换热器5的冷媒温度较低,使该热泵系统能够从外界环境中吸收热量,提高了系统能效比。本实施例第二除湿模式相对于第一除湿模式来说,提高了系统的效率,避免了能源的浪费,从而节省了电能,提高了汽车的行驶里程。
本实施例中,室内空气流为流经内循环风口和新风口的混合风,混合比例可由系统根据舒适性要求,由第一风门14进行控制;本文引入内循环风可以进一步的节省功耗,而内循环风的比例以不引起车窗结雾为目标。
进一步地,上述第一节流元件8和第二节流元件13均可以采用电子膨胀阀或热力膨胀阀,本实施例优选采用控制方便的电子膨胀阀。上述中间换热器6可以为套管式换热器或板式换热器换热器,本实施例优选采用套管式换热器,其设置方式为:第二换热部62套设在第一换热部61的管中,两者之间密封隔绝;或者第一换热部61套设在第二换热部62的管中,两者之间密封隔绝,只要能实现这两部分的热交换即可。
实施例七
如图20所示,本实施例提供又一种热泵系统,其与实施例一中热泵系统的组成结构和工作原理基本相同,区别在于:本实施例的第一换热器3和第二换热器4中至少之一不设置于风道内。具体地,本实施例第一换热器3可包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,第一换热器3的制冷剂流道和第一换热器3的冷却液流道相对不连通,第一换热器3的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和第一换热器3的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;进一步地,热泵系统还包括第四换热器19和第一泵20,第一换热器3的冷却液流道通过第一泵20与第四换热器19连 通。同样的,上述第二换热器4也可包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,第二换热器4的制冷剂流道和第二换热器4的冷却液流道相对不连通,第二换热器4的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和第二换热器4的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;进一步地,热泵系统还包括第五换热器21和第二泵22,第二换热器4的冷却液流道通过第二泵22与第五换热器21连通。本实施例在制热模式下,第一节流元件8开启,使来自第一换热器3的高压冷媒先经过节流降压后再进入第二换热部62中,并与第一换热部61内的低压冷媒顺流换热,大大减弱了中间换热器6的换热功能。
实施例八
如图21-图26所示,本实施例提供又一种热泵系统,其与实施例六的热泵系统的组成结构和工作原理基本相同,区别在于:本实施例中设置了第一流体切换阀18,如图25和图26所示,该第一流体切换阀18具有四个接口,分别为第一流体切换阀的第一接口181、第一流体切换阀的第二接口182、第一流体切换阀的第三接口183和第一流体切换阀的第四接口184。该第一流体切换阀18与常规四通阀的工作方式不同,其包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式,如图25所示,在第一流体切换阀18的第一工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第一接口181连通,第一流体切换阀的第二接口182与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184不导通;如图25所示,在第一流体切换阀18的第二工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184连通,第一流体切换阀的第二接口182与第一流体切换阀的第一接口181连通。
本实施例中各部件之间的线路连接关系如下:
压缩机1的出口端与第一换热器3的入口连接,第一换热器3的出口与第一流体切换阀的第三接口183连通,第一流体切换阀的第四接口184与中间换热器6的第二换热部62的第二端口连通,中间换热器6的第二换热部62的第一端口与第三换热器5的第一端口连通,第三换热器5的第二端口与第一流体切换阀的第一接口181连通,第一流体切换阀的第二接口182与气液分离器2的入口连通,气液分离器2的出口与中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口连通,中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第一端口与压缩机1的进口连通。第一流体切换阀的第四接口184还与第二换热器4的入口连通,且第二换热器4的入口处设置有第二节流元件13,第二换热器4的出口与第一流体切换阀的第二 接口182及气液分离器2的入口连通。同样,上述第一阀件9可以为二通阀、三通阀、单向阀或两个截止阀,其具体设置方式与实施例一中的相同,此处不再赘述。
本实施例不同工作模式下的工作原理如下:
1)当夏天车内需要制冷时,该热泵系统切换为制冷模式。如图21所示,在制冷模式下,第二节流元件13开启,第一节流元件8关闭,第一流体切换阀18处于第一工作模式,其第一流体切换阀的第一接口181与第一流体切换阀的第三接口183导通,第一流体切换阀的第二接口182与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184截止。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的能量,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后气态冷媒进入第一换热器3,在第一换热器3中与室内空气流进行热量交换后,冷媒本身发生相变而冷凝为液态;液态冷媒从第一换热器3出来后,由第一流体切换阀的第三接口183流入第一流体切换阀18,再由第一流体切换阀的第一接口181流出第一流体切换阀18,之后冷媒进入第三换热器5的第二端口;在第三换热器5中与室外空气流进行热量交换后,冷媒由第三换热器5的第一端口流出,然后流入中间换热器6的第二换热部62,此时第二换热部62中的冷媒与第一换热部61中的冷媒进行热交换,由于通过第一换热部61的冷媒是经过第二换热器4后的低温低压的冷媒,所以两者热交换后能使流经第二换热部62的冷媒进一步降温。冷媒从第二换热部62的第二端口流出后,由于第一节流元件8是关闭的,而第一阀件9(此处优选为单向阀)在该流动方向上是打开的,因此冷媒不经过第一节流元件8,而是直接通过单向阀,然后再流入第二节流元件13,通过第二节流元件13的节流降温后,到达第二换热器4,此时低温低压的液态冷媒在第二换热器4中,吸收室内空气流中的热量,吸收热量后冷媒本身发生相变(或部分相变)而蒸发成气态,并使车厢内的空气降温;然后冷媒进入气液分离器2,经气液分离器2分离后,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口,此时,第一换热部61内的冷媒与第二换热部62内的冷媒进行逆流换热,第一换热部61内的冷媒被升温后,再被压缩机1吸入,压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。上述过程中,由于通过第一换热部61的冷媒的温度得到提高,从而使进入压缩机1的冷媒的温度也能得到提高,从而节省了功耗。本实施例制冷模式下,通过使来自第三换热器5的高压冷媒与来自气液分离器2的低压冷媒在中间换热器6中逆流换热,从而 大大提高了系统的制冷性能系数。本实施例中室内空气流通过第二换热器4被降温,然后可选择地流经第一换热器3,再经过风道与格栅15送入车室内,以降低车室内的温度,为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。
2)当冬天车内需要制热时,该热泵系统切换为制热模式。如图22所示,在制热模式下,第二节流元件13关闭,第一节流元件8开启,第一流体切换阀18处于第二工作模式,其第一流体切换阀的第一接口181与第一流体切换阀的第二接口182导通,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184导通。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的电能,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后气态冷媒进入第一换热器3,在室内空气流的冷却下,冷媒的热量传递给低温的室内空气流,本身发生相变而冷凝为液态;液态冷媒从第一换热器3出来后,由第一流体切换阀的第三接口183流入第一流体切换阀18,再由第一流体切换阀的第四接口184流出第一流体切换阀18,此时由于单向阀从第一流体切换阀的第四接口184到中间换热器6的流动方向是关闭的,因此第一旁通支路7不接通,而此时第一节流元件8开启,因此冷媒进入第一节流元件8进行节流降压;之后冷媒到达第二换热部62的第二端口,并与第一换热部61中低温低压的冷媒进行热量交换。接着,冷媒从第二换热部62的第一端口流出,并进入第三换热器5的第一端口,此时的冷媒由于经过了第一节流元件8和第二换热部62的降温作用,因此其温度相对较低,从而能从较低温度的外界环境中吸收热量,实现热泵的功能。液态冷媒在第三换热器5中与低温的室外空气流进行热交换,吸收其热量后蒸发而变成低温低压的气态冷媒或气液两相的冷媒。冷媒从第三换热器5的第二端口流出后,依次通过第一流体切换阀的第一接口181和第一流体切换阀的第二接口182,流向气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离,液态冷媒储存在气液分离器2内,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到中间换热器6的第一换热部61的第二端口,此时,第一换热部61内的冷媒与第二换热部62内的冷媒进行顺流换热,第一换热部61内的冷媒被适当升温后,再被压缩机1吸入,压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。上述过程中,来自第一换热器3的高压冷媒经过第一节流元件8节流降压后,其温度相对较低,因而减小了流经第二换热部62的冷媒与第一换热部61中冷媒的温差,从而大大消弱了中间换热器6的换热功能;并且该工况下第一换热部61中的冷媒与第二换热部62中的冷媒顺流换热,从而进一步降低了中间换热器的换热效果;因此本实施例有效减小了制热模式下压缩机1的 吸气过热度,提升了热泵系统的制热性能系数。本实施例中室内空气流通过第一换热器3被加热,经风道与格栅15后送入车室内,增加车室内的温度,为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。
3)当需要除掉车厢内空气的湿气或玻璃上的雾气时,启动除湿(雾)模式,本实施例的第一除湿模式如图23所示,此时第一节流元件8关闭,第二节流元件13开启,第一流体切换阀18处于第二工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第一接口181与第一流体切换阀的第二接口182导通,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184导通。如图中的粗实线所示,压缩机1消耗一定的能量,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后进入第一换热器3,从第一换热器3出来后,冷媒依次经过第一流体切换阀的第三接口183和第一流体切换阀的第四接口184,然后流入第二节流元件13进行节流降压,之后到达第二换热器4,使水分在第二换热器4的表面上冷凝而析出,从而降低车厢内空气中的含湿量,达到车厢内除湿或除雾的目的。从第二换热器4出来后,冷媒进入气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离后,低温低压的气态冷媒再到达第一换热部61的第二端口,此时中间换热器6中没有热交换;冷媒从第一换热部61的第一端口出来后,进入压缩机1的入口,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。本实施例中室内空气流通过第二换热器4被降温除湿,经过第一换热器3被加热至合适温度,然后经风道与格栅15送入车室内,从而为用户提供舒适的乘车环境。
4)本实施例的第二除湿模式如图24所示,此时第一节流元件8和第二节流元件13开启,第一流体切换阀18处于第二工作模式,第一流体切换阀的第一接口181与第一流体切换阀的第二接口182导通,第一流体切换阀的第三接口183与第一流体切换阀的第四接口184导通。如图中的粗实线所示,第二除湿模式同时具有两条冷媒循环回路,第一条冷媒循环回路与上述第一除湿模式相同,此处不再赘述,第二条冷媒循环回路为:压缩机1消耗一定的能量,将低温低压的气态冷媒压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,然后进入第一换热器3,从第一换热器3出来后,冷媒依次经过第一流体切换阀的第三接口183和第一流体切换阀的第四接口184,从第一流体切换阀的第四接口184出来后,由于单向阀在从第二换热器4的入口到第二换热部62的第一端的方向上不导通,而第一节流元件8开启,因此冷媒进入第一节流元件8,经过第一节流元件8的节流降压后,流至第二换热部62的第二端口,在中间换热器6中与第一换热部61中低 温低压的冷媒进行少量热交换,然后到达第三换热器5的第一端口,从第三换热器5的第二端口流出后,冷媒依次经过第一流体切换阀的第一接口181和第一流体切换阀的第二接口182,然后流向气液分离器2,经气液分离器2的分离后,低温低压的气态冷媒再流入到第一换热部61的第二端口,并与第二换热部62中的冷媒发生热交换,之后冷媒进入压缩机1,被压缩机1压缩成高温高压的气态冷媒,如此循环工作。本实施例在第二条冷媒循环回路中,通过设置第一节流元件8,使到达第二换热部62的冷媒温度降低,从而减小了第二换热部62与第一换热部61中冷媒的温差,减弱了中间换热器6的换热功能;同时由于到达第三换热器5的冷媒温度较低,使该热泵系统能够从外界环境中吸收热量,提高了系统能效比。本实施例第二除湿模式相对于第一除湿模式来说,提高系统的效率,避免了能源的浪费,从而节省了电能,提高了汽车行驶里程。
实施例九
如图27-29所示,本实施例提供又一种热泵系统,其与实施例八中空调系统的组成结构和工作原理基本相同,区别在于:本实施例使用第二流体切换阀18’和第五阀件23代替了实施例八中的第一流体切换阀18。
具体地,第二流体切换阀18’也具有四个接口,分别为第二流体切换阀的第一接口181’、第二流体切换阀的第二接口182’、第二流体切换阀的第三接口183’和第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’。在第二流体切换阀18’的第一工作模式,第二流体切换阀的第三接口183’与第二流体切换阀的第一接口181’连通,第二流体切换阀的第二接口182’与第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’连通;在第二流体切换阀的第二工作模式,第二流体切换阀的第三接口183’与第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’连通,第二流体切换阀的第二接口182’与第二流体切换阀的第一接口181’连通;第二流体切换阀的第一接口181’与第三换热器5的第二端口连通,第二流体切换阀的第二接口182’与第一换热部61的第二端口连通,第二流体切换阀的第三接口183’与第一换热器3的出口连通,第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’通过第五阀件23能够,与第一节流元件8的第二端口和第二换热器4的进口中至少之一连通。本实施例通过在第二流体切换阀的第四接口184’处设置第五阀件23,既保证了本文制冷和制热工况下的最佳性能,同时也提供了更多的阀体选择方式,提高了本热泵系统的通用性,有利于节省制作成本。
本实施例中其它结构的设置及其工作原理与实施例三相同,此处不再赘述。
实施例十
如图30所示,本实施例提供又一种热泵系统,其与实施例八中空调系统的组成结构和工作原理基本相同,区别在于:本实施例的第一换热器3和第二换热器4中至少之一不设置于风道内。具体地,本实施例第一换热器3可包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,第一换热器3的制冷剂流道和第一换热器3的冷却液流道相对不连通,第一换热器3的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和第一换热器3的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;进一步地,热泵系统还包括第四换热器19和第一泵20,第一换热器3的冷却液流道通过第一泵20与第四换热器19连通,从而实现第一换热器3与第四换热器19的热交换。同样的,上述第二换热器4也可包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,第二换热器4的制冷剂流道和第二换热器4的冷却液流道相对不连通,第二换热器4的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和第二换热器4的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;进一步地,热泵系统还包括第五换热器21和第二泵22,第二换热器4的冷却液流道通过第二泵22与第五换热器21连通,从而实现第二换热器4与第五换热器21的热交换。本实施例在制热工况下,第一节流元件8开启,使来自第一换热器3的高压冷媒先经过节流降压后再进入第二换热部62中,并与第一换热部61内的低压冷媒顺流换热,大大减弱了中间换热器6的换热功能。
综上,本文在制冷模式时,能够使来自第三换热器5的高压冷媒与来自第二换热器4的低压冷媒在中间换热器6中逆流换热,提高系统制冷性能系数;而在制热工况时,使来自第一换热器3的高压冷媒先经过第一节流元件8节流降压后再与来自第三换热器5的低压冷媒在中间换热器6中顺流换热,由于经过第一节流元件8后,冷媒的温度得到降低,从而降低了第二换热部62中冷媒的温度,即减小了第二换热部62与第一换热部61中冷媒的温差,并且第一换热部61和第二换热部62中的冷媒在顺流的状态下进行热量交换,从而很大程度上消弱了中间换热器6的换热功能,提升了系统的制热性能。
热泵系统设置中间换热器和流量调节装置,流量调节装置包括第一节流元件和第一阀件,在热泵系统的制热模式,制冷剂在第一换热器释放热量后进入第一节流元件,经第一节流元件节流后进入第二换热部,制冷剂在第三换热器吸收热量后进入第一换热部,由于第一节流元件的节流,相对减少制冷剂在第一换热部的热量释放,当压缩机的吸气过热度超出预定范围时,有利于降低压缩机的吸气过热度,进而有利于提升了热泵系统的性能。

Claims (20)

  1. 一种热泵系统,包括压缩机(1)、第一换热器(3)、第二换热器(4)、第三换热器(5)和中间换热器(6),所述中间换热器(6)包括第一换热部(61)和第二换热部(62),所述第一换热部(61)和所述第二换热部(62)能够热交换,所述第一换热部(61)的第一端口与所述压缩机(1)的入口连通,所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口能够与所述第二换热器(4)的出口和所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口中至少之一连通,所述第二换热部(62)的第一端口能够与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通;
    所述第一换热器(3)的出口能够通过第一节流元件(8)与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通;所述第二换热部(62)的第一端口或第二端口能够通过第一阀件(9)与所述第二换热器(4)的入口连通,所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口能够通过所述第一阀件(9)与所述第二换热器(4)的入口连通;
    所述热泵系统包括制冷模式和制热模式,在所述热泵系统的制热模式,所述第一换热器(3)的出口通过所述第一节流元件(8)与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通,所述第一阀件(9)至少部分截止,所述第一节流元件(8)开启。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的热泵系统,其中,所述热泵系统还包括第一路(71),所述第一路(71)设置有所述第一节流元件(8),所述第一换热器(3)的出口能够通过所述第一路(71)与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通;所述热泵系统还包括第二路(72),所述第二路(72)包括所述第一阀件(9)和所述第二换热部(62),所述第一阀件(9)的一个端口能够与所述第二换热部(62)的第一端口或第二端口连通,所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口能够通过所述第二路(72)与所述第二换热器(4)的入口连通;
    在所述热泵系统的制热模式,所述第一换热器(3)的出口通过所述第一路(71)与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通,所述第一阀件(9)使所述第二路(72)不导通,所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的热泵系统,其中,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)分体设置,所述第一节流元件(8)包括两个端口,所述第一节流元件(8)的第一端口能够与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通,所述第一节流元件(8)的第二端口能够与所述第一换热器(3)的出口连通;所述第一阀件(9)包括两个端口,所述第一阀件(9)的第一端口与所述第二换热部 (62)的第二端口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第二端口能够与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通;或者所述第一阀件(9)包括两个端口,所述第一阀件(9)的第一端口能够与所述第二换热部(62)的第一端口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第二端口与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通;
    或者,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)一体设置,所述第一阀件(9)包括两个端口,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)定义为流量调节阀,所述流量调节阀包括阀体,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)的相应端口设置于所述阀体。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的热泵系统,其中,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)分体设置,所述第一阀件(9)包括三个端口,所述第一阀件(9)的第一端口与所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第二端口与所述第一节流元件(8)的第二端口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第三端口能够与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通或者与所述第一换热器(3)的出口连通,所述第一节流元件(8)的第一端口能够与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通;或者所述第一阀件(9)的第一端口与所述第二换热部(62)的第一端口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第二端口与所述第一节流元件(8)的第一端口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第三端口与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通,所述第一节流元件(8)的第二端口能够与所述第一换热器(3)的出口连通;
    或者,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)一体设置,所述第一阀件(9)包括三个端口,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)定义为流量调节阀,所述流量调节阀包括阀体,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)的相应端口设置于所述阀体。
  5. 根据权利要求3所述的热泵系统,其中,所述第一阀件(9)包括单向阀,所述单向阀的入口与所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口连通,所述单向阀的出口能够与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通,或者所述单向阀的出口与所述第二换热部(62)的第一端口连通,所述单向阀的入口与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的热泵系统,其中,所述热泵系统还包括流量调节装置,所述流量调节装置的第一接口与所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口连通,所述流量调节装置的第二接口能够与所述第一换热器(3)的出口连通或者能够 与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通;所述流量调节装置包括所述第一节流元件(8)和所述第一阀件(9),所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口能够通过所述第一阀件(9)与所述第二换热器(4)的入口连通,所述第一换热器(3)的出口能够通过所述第一节流元件(8)与所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口连通;
    在所述制热模式,所述第一换热器(3)的出口通过与所述第一节流元件(8)与所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口连通。
  7. 根据权利要求6所述的热泵系统,其中,所述第一节流元件(8)和所述第一阀件(9)分体设置,所述第一节流元件(8)包括两个端口,所述第一节流元件(8)的第一端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第一接口连通,所述第一节流元件(8)的第二端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第二接口连通;所述第一阀件(9)包括两个端口,所述第一阀件(9)的第一端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第一接口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第二端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第二接口连通;
    或者,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)一体设置;所述第一阀件(9)包括两个端口,所述流量调节装置包括阀体,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)的相应端口设置于所述阀体。
  8. 根据权利要求6所述的热泵系统,其中,所述第一节流元件(8)和所述第一阀件(9)分体设置,所述第一阀件(9)包括三个端口;所述第一阀件(9)的第一端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第一接口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第二端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第二接口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第三端口能够与所述第一节流元件(8)的第一端口连通,所述第一节流元件(8)的第二端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第二接口连通;或者所述第一阀件(9)的第一端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第二接口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第三端口能够与所述第一节流元件(8)的第二端口连通,所述第一阀件(9)的第二端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第一接口连通,所述第一节流元件(8)的第一端口能够与所述流量调节装置的第一接口连通;
    或者,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)一体设置,所述第一阀件(9)包括三个端口,所述流量调节装置包括阀体,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)的相应端口设置于所述阀体。
  9. 根据权利要求7所述的热泵系统,其中,所述第一阀件(9)包括单向阀,所述单向阀与所述第一节流元件(8)分体设置,所述单向阀的入口与所述流量 调节装置的第二接口连通,所述单向阀的出口与所述流量调节装置的第一接口连通;
    或者,所述单向阀和所述第一节流元件(8)一体设置,所述流量调节装置包括阀体,所述单向阀和所述第一节流元件(8)的相应端口设置于所述阀体。
  10. 根据权利要求3-5和7-9中任一项所述的热泵系统,其中,所述热泵系统还包括气液分离器(2),所述气液分离器(2)的出口与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通,所述气液分离器(2)的进口能够与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口和所述第二换热器(4)的出口中至少之一连通。
  11. 根据权利要求2-5、6-9和10中任一所述的热泵系统,其中,所述热泵系统包括第二阀件(10)、第三阀件(11)和第四阀件(12),所述第二阀件(10)的第一端口、所述第三阀件(11)的第一端口能够与所述压缩机(1)的出口连通,所述第二阀件(10)的第二端口与所述第一换热器(3)的入口连通,所述第三阀件(11)的第二端口能够与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,所述第四阀件(12)的第一端口与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,所述第四阀件(12)的第二端口能够与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通;
    或者所述热泵系统包括第一三通阀和所述第四阀件(12),所述第一三通阀的第一接口能够与所述压缩机(1)的出口连通,所述第一三通阀的第二接口能够与所述第一换热器(3)的入口连通,所述第一三通阀的第三接口能够与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,所述第四阀件(12)的第一端口能够与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,所述第四阀件(12)的第二端口能够与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通;
    或者所述热泵系统包括第二三通阀和所述第二阀件(10),所述第二三通阀的第二接口、所述第二阀件(10)的第一端口能够与所述压缩机(1)的出口连通,所述第二阀件(10)的第二端口与所述第一换热器(3)的入口连通,所述第二三通阀的第一接口能够与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,所述第二三通阀的第三接口能够与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通。
  12. 根据权利要求2-5、6-9和10中任一所述的热泵系统,其中,所述热泵系统包括第一流体切换阀(18),所述第一流体切换阀(18)包括四个接口,其中第一流体切换阀的第一接口(181)与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,第一流体切换阀的第二接口(182)与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通,第一流体切换阀的第三接口(183)与所述第一换热器(3)的出口连通,第一 流体切换阀的第四接口(184)能够与所述第一节流元件(8)的第二端口和所述第二换热器(4)的进口中至少之一连通;
    所述第一流体切换阀(18)包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式,在所述第一流体切换阀(18)的第一工作模式,所述第一流体切换阀的第三接口(183)与所述第一流体切换阀的第一接口(181)导通,所述第一流体切换阀的第二接口(182)与所述第一流体切换阀的第四接口(184)不导通;在所述第一流体切换阀(18)的第二工作模式,所述第一流体切换阀的第三接口(183)与所述第一流体切换阀的第四接口(184)导通,所述第一流体切换阀的第二接口(182)与所述第一流体切换阀的第一接口(181)导通。
  13. 根据权利要求2-5和10中任一所述的热泵系统,其中,所述热泵系统包括第二流体切换阀(18’)和第五阀件(23),所述第二流体切换阀(18’)包括也包括四个接口,所述第二流体切换阀(18’)包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式,在所述第二流体切换阀(18’)的第一工作模式,第二流体切换阀的第三接口(183’)与第二流体切换阀的第一接口(181’)连通,第二流体切换阀的第二接口(182’)与第二流体切换阀的第四接口(184’)连通;在所述第二流体切换阀(18’)的第二工作模式,所述第二流体切换阀的第三接口(183’)与所述第二流体切换阀的第四接口(184’)连通,所述第二流体切换阀的第二接口(182’)与所述第二流体切换阀的第一接口(181’)连通;
    所述第二流体切换阀的第一接口(181’)与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,所述第二流体切换阀的第二接口(182’)与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通,所述第二流体切换阀的第三接口(183’)与所述第一换热器(3)的出口连通,所述第二流体切换阀的第四接口(184’)通过所述第五阀件(23),能够与所述第一节流元件(8)的第二端口和所述第二换热器(4)的进口中至少之一连通。
  14. 根据权利要求11-13任一项所述的热泵系统,其中,所述第一换热器(3)包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,所述第一换热器(3)的制冷剂流道和所述第一换热器(3)的冷却液流道相对不连通,所述第一换热器(3)的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和所述第一换热器(3)的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;所述热泵系统还包括第四换热器(19)和第一泵(20),所述第一换热器(3)的冷却液流道通过所述第一泵(20)与所述第四换热器(19)连通。
  15. 根据权利要求11-14任一项所述的热泵系统,所述第二换热器(4)包括 制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂流道和所述第二换热器(4)的冷却液流道相对不连通,所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和所述第二换热器(4)的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;所述热泵系统还包括第五换热器(21)和第二泵(22),所述第二换热器(4)的冷却液流道通过所述第二泵(22)与所述第五换热器(21)连通。
  16. 根据权利要求14或15所述的热泵系统,其中,所述热泵系统还包括第二节流元件(13),所述第二节流元件(13)的第一端口与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通,所述热泵系统包括第一除湿模式和第二除湿模式,
    在所述第一除湿模式,所述压缩机(1)的出口与所述第一换热器(3)的入口连通,流经所述第一换热器(3)的制冷剂在所述第一换热器(3)释放热量,所述第一节流元件(8)和所述第一阀件(9)中至少之一使所述第一路(71)不导通,所述第一阀件(9)使所述第二路(72)不导通;所述第一换热器(3)的出口与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通,所述第二换热器(4)的出口与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通,流经所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂能够在所述第二换热器(4)吸收热量;
    在所述第二除湿模式,所述压缩机(1)的出口与所述第一换热器(3)的入口连通,流经所述第一换热器(3)的制冷剂能够在所述第一换热器(3)释放热量,所述第一节流元件(8)和所述第一阀件(9)中至少之一使所述第一路(71)导通,所述第一阀件(9)使所述第二路(72)不导通,所述第一换热器(3)的出口通过所述第一节流元件(8)与所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口连通,所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通,流经所述第三换热器(5)的制冷剂能够在所述第三换热器(5)吸收热量;所述第一换热器(3)的出口通过所述第二节流元件(13)与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通,所述第二节流元件(13)开启,所述第二换热器(4)的出口与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通,流经所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂能够在所述第二换热器吸收热量;
    在所述制冷模式,所述压缩机(1)的出口与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通或通过所述第一换热器(3)与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,流经所述第三换热器(5)的制冷剂能够在所述第三换热器(5)释放热量,所述第一节流元件(8)和所述第一阀件(9)中至少之一使所述第一路(71)不导通,所述第一阀件(9)使所述第二路(72)导通,所述第三换热器(5)的 第一端口通过所述第二路(72)与所述第二节流元件(13)的第二端口连通,流经所述第二换热部(62)的制冷剂与流经所述第一换热部(61)的制冷剂热交换,所述第二节流元件(13)开启,流经所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂能够在所述第二换热器(4)吸收热量。
  17. 根据权利要求2-5和10中任一所述的热泵系统,其中,所述热泵系统包括第二流体切换阀(18’)和第五阀件(23),所述第二流体切换阀(18’)包括也包括四个接口,第二流体切换阀的第一接口(181’)与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,第二流体切换阀的第二接口(182’)与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通,第二流体切换阀的第三接口(183’)与所述第一换热器(3)的出口连通,第二流体切换阀的第四接口(184’)通过所述第五阀件(23),能够与所述第一节流元件(8)的第二端口和所述第二换热器(4)中至少之一的进口连通;所述第二流体切换阀(18’)包括第一工作模式和第二工作模式,在所述第二流体切换阀(18’)的第一工作模式,所述第二流体切换阀的第三接口(183’)与所述第二流体切换阀的第一接口(181’)连通,所述第二流体切换阀的第二接口(182’)与所述第二流体切换阀的第四接口(184’)连通;在所述第二流体切换阀的第二工作模式,所述第二流体切换阀的第三接口(183’)与所述第二流体切换阀的第四接口(184’)连通,所述第二流体切换阀的第二接口(182’)与所述第二流体切换阀的第一接口(181’)连通。
  18. 根据权利要求11或12或17所述的热泵系统,其中,所述第一换热器(3)包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,所述第一换热器(3)的制冷剂流道和所述第一换热器(3)的冷却液流道相对不连通,所述第一换热器(3)的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和所述第一换热器(3)的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;所述热泵系统还包括第四换热器(19)和第一泵(20),所述第一换热器(3)的冷却液流道通过所述第一泵(20)与所述第四换热器(19)连通。
  19. 根据权利要求11或12或17或18所述的热泵系统,所述第二换热器(4)包括制冷剂流道和冷却液流道,所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂流道和所述第二换热器(4)的冷却液流道相对不连通,所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂流道内的制冷剂和所述第二换热器(4)的冷却液流道内的冷却液能够进行热交换;所述热泵系统还包括第五换热器(21)和第二泵(22),所述第二换热器(4)的冷却液流道通过所述第二泵(22)与所述第五换热器(21)连通。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的热泵系统,其中,所述热泵系统还包括第二节流 元件(13),所述第二节流元件(13)的第一端口与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通,所述第二节流元件(13)的第二端口能够与所述第一换热器(3)的出口连通或与所述第一阀件(9)连通,所述热泵系统包括第一除湿模式和第二除湿模式,
    在所述第一除湿模式,所述压缩机(1)的出口与所述第一换热器(3)的入口连通,流经所述第一换热器(3)的制冷剂能够在所述第一换热器(3)释放热量,所述第一阀件(9)和所述第一节流元件(8)使所述第一换热器(3)的出口与所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口不导通,所述第一换热器(3)的出口通过所述第二节流元件(13)与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通,所述第二换热器(4)的出口与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通,流经所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂能够在所述第二换热器(4)吸收热量;
    在所述第二除湿模式,所述压缩机(1)的出口与所述第一换热器(3)的入口连通,流经所述第一换热器(3)的制冷剂能够在所述第一换热器(3)释放热量,所述第一节流元件(8)使所述第一换热器(3)的出口与所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口导通,或者所述第一节流元件(8)和所述第一阀件(9)使所述第一换热器(3)的出口与所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口导通,所述第一节流元件(8)开启,至少部分阀单(9)元截止,流经所述第三换热器(5)的制冷剂能够在所述第三换热器(5)吸收热量,所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通;所述第一换热器(3)的出口通过所述第二节流元件(13)与所述第二换热器(4)的入口连通,所述第二换热器(4)的出口与所述第一换热部(61)的第二端口连通,所述第二节流元件(13)开启,流经所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂能够在所述第二换热器(4)吸收热量;
    在所述热泵系统的制冷模式,所述压缩机(1)的出口与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通或通过所述第一换热器(3)与所述第三换热器(5)的第二端口连通,流经所述第三换热器(5)的制冷剂在所述第三换热器(5)释放热量,所述第三换热器(5)的第一端口通过所述第一阀件(9)与所述第二换热器(4)的进口连通,流经所述第二换热器(4)的制冷剂能够在所述第二换热器(4)吸收热量,所述第一节流元件(8)和部分所述第一阀件(9)中至少之一使所述第二换热部(62)的第二端口与所述第一换热器(3)的出口不连通。
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