WO2019230258A1

WO2019230258A1 - Separation device

Info

Publication number: WO2019230258A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/017080
Authority: WO
Inventors: 將有鎌倉; 早崎　嘉城; 室　直樹; 聡彦細見
Original assignee: パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社
Priority date: 2018-05-31
Filing date: 2019-04-22
Publication date: 2019-12-05
Also published as: JPWO2019230258A1; JP7142250B2

Abstract

The present invention addresses the problem of improving the separation performance of a separation device. This separation device (1) includes a casing (2), a rotating body, a blade (36), a drive device (4), and an external cover (5). The casing (2) has a cylindrical shape having a central axis along a vertical direction. The casing (2) has an inlet opening and an outlet opening located above the inlet opening. The rotating body is disposed inside the casing (2) such that a rotation center axis thereof is aligned with the center axis of the casing (2). The blade (36) is disposed between the rotating body and the casing (2) and is connected to the rotating body. The drive device (4) rotates the rotating body around the rotation center axis. The external cover (5) covers the casing (2). Between the inlet opening and the outlet opening, the casing (2) has a first discharge hole (61) and a second discharge hole (62) provided below the first discharge hole (61) in the vertical direction.

Description

Separation device

The present invention relates to a separation device, and more particularly, to a separation device that separates a solid contained in a gas from a gas.

Conventionally, as this type of separation apparatus, for example, a foreign substance removal apparatus described in Patent Document 1 is known.

In the foreign matter removing apparatus of Patent Document 1, a duct provided in the vertical direction is divided into a lower duct and an upper duct. A cyclone dust collector is detachably provided between both ducts. The cyclone dust collector has a substantially cylindrical main body casing that coaxially circulates air from the lower duct to the upper duct, and insects and dust contained in the air by swirling the air flowing in the main casing. Swirling flow generating means for centrifuging the foreign matter.

The main body casing includes a first cylinder fitted to the lower duct, a second cylinder provided concentrically outside the first cylinder, and an outlet cylinder fixed to the upper duct. I have. An accumulation space is provided between the first cylinder and the second cylinder to accumulate the foreign substances centrifuged by the swirl flow generating means so that they can be discarded. The lower end of the exit cylinder slightly faces the inside of the first cylinder, and an annular opening is formed between the inner peripheral surface of the first cylinder and the lower end of the exit cylinder. The first cylinder communicates with the accumulation space through an annular opening.

The outside air rising in the first cylinder passes through the swirl flow generating means. At this time, the outside air is pushed radially outward along the surface of the shaft portion of the swirling flow generating means, and further led to each blade of the swirling flow generating means to become a swirling flow. The outside air that has passed through each of the blades moves up the first cylinder while continuing to turn. Foreign matter such as insects, pollen and dust contained in the outside air is collected on the outer peripheral side of the first cylinder by the centrifugal force of the swirling flow, falls from the upper end opening of the accumulation space via the annular opening, Accumulated at the bottom.

In the foreign matter removing apparatus described in Patent Document 1, the foreign matter that has once reached the vicinity of the first cylinder may move again to the center side of the first cylinder while rising in the first cylinder. There is. For this reason, in the foreign material removal apparatus of patent document 1, the separation performance which isolate | separates the solid (foreign material) contained in gas from gas may fall.

JP 2008-32248 A

An object of the present invention is to provide a separation apparatus capable of improving the separation performance.

The separation device according to one aspect of the present invention includes a casing, a rotating body, a blade, a driving device, and an external cover. The casing has a cylindrical shape having a central axis along the vertical direction. The casing includes an inlet opening serving as a gas inlet, and an outlet opening located above the inlet opening and serving as a gas outlet. The rotating body is arranged inside the casing such that a rotation center axis is aligned with the center axis of the casing. The said blade | wing is arrange | positioned between the said rotary body and the said casing, and is connected with the said rotary body. The driving device rotates the rotating body around the rotation center axis. The outer cover covers the casing. The casing includes a first discharge hole and a second discharge hole between the inlet opening and the outlet opening. The first discharge hole penetrates in the thickness direction of the casing. The second discharge hole is provided below the first discharge hole in the vertical direction and penetrates in the thickness direction of the casing.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a separation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the main part of the separation device. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway side view of the above separation apparatus. FIG. 4 is a top view of the main part of the separation device. FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a main part of the separation device.

(Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the separation device 1 of the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 described in the following embodiments are schematic diagrams, and the ratios of the sizes and thicknesses of the components in FIGS. 1 to 5 do not necessarily reflect actual dimensional ratios. Not necessarily.

The separation device 1 is provided, for example, on the upstream side of an air conditioning facility having a blowing function, and separates solids in air (gas). For example, the separation device 1 is installed on the roof of a facility (such as a residence) having a flat roof or on the ground. The air conditioning equipment is, for example, a blower that blows air from the upstream side to the downstream side. The blower is, for example, an electric fan. The air conditioning equipment is not limited to the blower, and may be, for example, a ventilator, an air conditioner, an air supply cabinet fan, an air conditioning system including a blower and a heat exchanger, or the like. The flow rate of the air flowing through the separation device 1 by the air conditioning equipment is, for example, 100 m ³ / h to 500 m ³ / h, and more specifically about 400 m ³ / h. The amount of outflow from the separator 1 to the air conditioning equipment is substantially the same as the flow rate of air flowing through the air conditioning equipment.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 5, the separating device 1 includes a casing 2, a rotating body 3, a blade 36, a driving device 4, and an external cover 5.

The casing 2 has a cylindrical shape having a central axis 20 (see FIG. 3) along the vertical direction. The casing 2 has an inlet opening 21 serving as a gas inlet and an outlet opening 22 serving as a gas outlet. The outlet opening 22 is formed above the inlet opening 21 in the vertical direction. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the rotating body 3 is arranged inside the casing 2 so that the rotation center axis 30 is aligned with the center axis 20 of the casing 2. The blades 36 are disposed between the rotating body 3 and the casing 2 and are connected to the rotating body 3. In the separation device 1, a flow path 200 from the inlet opening 21 toward the outlet opening 22 is formed between the casing 2 and the rotating body 3. The driving device 4 includes, for example, a motor, and rotates the rotating body 3 around the rotation center axis 30.

In the separation device 1, the air (gas) that has flowed into the flow path 200 from the upstream side can be caused to flow downstream of the flow path 200 while being spirally rotated around the rotating body 3. Here, “upstream side” means the upstream side (primary side) when viewed in the direction of air flow. Further, “downstream side” means the downstream side (secondary side) when viewed in the direction of air flow. That is, in the separation device 1, the air that has flowed into the flow path 200 from the inlet opening 21 formed on the lower side (upstream side) of the casing 2 is raised while being spirally rotated around the rotating body 3. 2 can flow through the outlet opening 22 formed on the upper side (downstream side). In FIG. 1, the flow of gas (air) flowing into the inlet opening 21 and the flow of gas flowing out from the outlet opening 22 are schematically shown by dotted arrows. In FIG. 5, the gas flow in the casing 2 is schematically shown by dotted arrows.

The casing 2 of the separation device 1 has a first discharge hole 61 and a second discharge hole 62 in order to discharge the solid contained in the air to the outside of the casing 2 (see FIG. 2). . The second discharge hole 62 is provided below the first discharge hole 61 in the vertical direction. Each of the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 penetrates in the thickness direction of the casing 2. In other words, the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 communicate the inside and outside of the casing 2. The solid contained in the air flowing into the flow path 200 of the casing 2 is discharged to the outside of the casing 2 from the first discharge hole 61 or the second discharge hole 62 while passing through the flow path 200. In FIG. 2, the flow of gas (air) flowing out from the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 is schematically shown by dot-hatched arrows.

Examples of solids in the air include particulate substances. As the particulate matter, there are primary generated particles that are directly released into the air as fine particles, secondary generated particles that are released into the air as a gas and are generated as fine particles in the air, and the like. Examples of the primary generated particles include soil particles (sand such as yellow sand). The soil particles are released into the air, for example, by rolling up the soil, and the particle size becomes small due to mechanical collapse (crushing, crushing) of the rolled up particles. Depending on the particle size of the soil particles, clay (particle size <0.005 mm), silt (particle size 0.005-0.0075 mm), sand (particle size 0.075-2 mm), gravel (particle size 2-75 mm) ) Etc. Other examples of primary particles include dust, plant particles (pollen, etc.), animal particles (mold spores, etc.), and soot. Examples of the size classification of the particulate matter include PM2.5 (microparticulate matter), PM10, SPM (floating particulate matter) and the like. PM2.5 is a fine particle that passes through a sizing device having a particle diameter of 2.5 μm and a collection efficiency of 50%. PM10 is a fine particle that passes through a sizing device having a particle diameter of 10 μm and a collection efficiency of 50%. SPM is fine particles that pass through a sizing device having a particle diameter of 10 μm and a collection efficiency of 100%, corresponds to PM 6.5-7.0, and is slightly smaller than PM10. In FIG. 2, the fine particles 600 are schematically shown as solids discharged from the first discharge holes 61 and the second discharge holes 62.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the outer cover 5 covers the casing 2. The outer cover 5 is located at least on the side of the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 provided in the casing 2. That is, the outer cover 5 covers the casing 2 so as to block the flow of gas flowing out from the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62. The outer cover 5 suppresses the solids (the fine particles 600 and the like) discharged to the outside of the casing 2 from the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 from being discharged to the side of the separation device 1.

In the separation device 1 according to the present embodiment, a plurality of discharge holes (first discharge holes 61 and second discharge holes 62) are formed in the casing 2 at different height positions in the vertical direction. For this reason, when the solid contained in the air flowing into the flow path 200 moves to the inner peripheral side of the casing 2 (near the inner peripheral surface of the casing 2), the solids move from a plurality of positions in the vertical direction to the outside of the casing 2. Can be released. As a result, the solid once moved to the inner peripheral side of the casing 2 is once again moved into the casing as compared with the apparatus in which only one discharge hole (annular opening) is provided in the vertical direction as described in Patent Document 1. The possibility of moving to the center side of 2 is reduced. Therefore, according to the separation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently separate the solid contained in the gas from the gas, and it is possible to improve the separation performance.

In addition, the air that has flowed into the flow path 200 in the casing 2 flows from the plurality of discharge holes (the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62) at different positions in the air flow direction (vertical direction). Can flow out. For this reason, the flow velocity (flow rate) of the air in the flow path 200 gradually decreases toward the downstream side (exit opening 22 side). Therefore, under the condition that the flow velocities at the inlet opening 21 are equal to each other and the flow velocities at the outlet opening 22 are equal to each other, the separation device 1 of the present embodiment is compared with a device having only one discharge hole in the vertical direction. Thus, the average air flow velocity in the casing 2 is reduced. This makes it possible to increase the residence time in the flow path 200 (in the casing 2) of the solid contained in the air, and the solid easily moves to the inner peripheral side of the casing 2. Therefore, according to the separation apparatus 1 of the present embodiment, it is possible to efficiently separate the solid contained in the gas from the gas, and it is possible to improve the separation performance.

In addition, since the separation device 1 includes the outer cover 5, the solid discharged from the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 into the outer cover 5 is scattered to the side of the separation device 1. Can be suppressed.

Each component of the separation device 1 will be described in more detail below. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line X1-X1 in FIG.

As described above, the separation device 1 includes the casing 2, the rotating body 3, the blades 36, the driving device 4, and the external cover 5. The separation device 1 further includes an inlet duct 7, an outlet duct 8, and a shaft 40.

2 and 3, the casing 2 has a bottomed cylindrical shape with the upper surface 23 closed and an opening 240 on the lower surface 24, more specifically, a bottomed cylindrical shape. The lower surface 24 of the casing 2 is formed in a truncated cone shape that tapers downward, and a circular opening 240 is formed at the center thereof. The material of the casing 2 is, for example, ABS resin.

Casing 2 has an inlet opening 21 at the lower end and an outlet opening 22 at the upper end. More specifically, the inlet opening 21 and the outlet opening 22 are respectively formed at the lower end and the upper end of the side surface 25 of the bottomed cylindrical casing 2 as shown in FIG.

The inlet opening 21 is open to the side of the casing 2. The opening range of the inlet opening 21 in the circumferential direction of the casing 2 is 90 degrees or less around the central axis 20 of the casing 2, and is approximately 90 degrees in the present embodiment. That is, the inlet opening 21 opens in a substantially ¼ arc shape in the circumferential direction of the casing 2.

The outlet opening 22 is open to the side of the casing 2. The opening range of the outlet opening 22 in the circumferential direction of the casing 2 is 90 degrees or less around the central axis 20 of the casing 2, and is approximately 90 degrees in the present embodiment. That is, the outlet opening 22 opens in a substantially ¼ arc shape in the circumferential direction of the casing 2.

2 and 3, a first discharge hole 61 and a second discharge hole 62 are formed between the inlet opening 21 and the outlet opening 22 on the side surface 25 of the casing 2.

The first discharge hole 61 has a slit shape extending in a direction inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the central axis 20 of the casing 2. More specifically, the first discharge hole 61 is formed in one plane orthogonal to the central axis 20 of the casing 2 (a plane including the direction perpendicular to the paper surface of FIG. 3 and the left-right direction). In other words, the one plane passing through the first discharge hole 61 is orthogonal to the central axis 20 of the casing 2.

The 1st discharge hole 61 is formed over the perimeter of the circumferential direction of the casing 2, and has divided the casing 2 up and down. In the present embodiment, the first discharge hole 61 is formed in an annular shape having a central axis along the vertical direction.

As shown in FIG. 3, the upper edge of the first discharge hole 61 is continuous with the lower edge of the outlet opening 22. That is, the first discharge hole 61 passes through the casing 2 in the immediate vicinity of the downstream end (exit opening 22) of the flow path 200.

The second discharge hole 62 extends in a direction inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the central axis 20 of the casing 2. More specifically, the second discharge hole 62 is located in one plane orthogonal to the central axis 20 of the casing 2. In other words, the one plane passing through the second discharge hole 62 is orthogonal to the central axis 20 of the casing 2. The second discharge hole 62 is formed in parallel with the first discharge hole 61.

The second discharge hole 62 is composed of four slits extending in the circumferential direction of the casing 2. In the present embodiment, the four slits constituting the second discharge hole 62 have an arc shape having a central axis along the vertical direction. Here, the central axis of the second discharge hole 62 coincides with the central axis 20 of the casing 2, and therefore coincides with the central axis of the first discharge hole 61. The opening range of each of the four slits constituting the second discharge hole 62 in the circumferential direction of the casing 2 is slightly smaller than 90 degrees around the central axis 20 of the casing 2.

As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the second discharge hole 62 is formed at a central position in the vertical direction of the casing 2. That is, the second discharge hole 62 passes through the casing 2 in the vicinity of the center of the flow path 200 in the vertical direction.

In the separating apparatus 1, the casing 2 is divided into an upper (downstream) first cylindrical portion 201 and a lower (upstream) second cylindrical portion 202 by a first discharge hole 61. The first cylinder portion 201 has a cylindrical shape with the upper surface closed and the lower surface opened. The first cylinder portion 201 has an outlet opening 22 on a side surface. The outlet opening 22 is formed over the entire range of the side surface of the first cylindrical portion 201 in the height direction of the first cylindrical portion 201 (the direction along the central axis 20 of the casing 2). The second cylindrical portion 202 has a cylindrical shape formed in a truncated cone shape having an upper surface opened and a lower surface having an opening 240 in the center. The 2nd cylinder part 202 has the inlet opening 21 in the lower end of the side surface. Moreover, the 2nd cylinder part 202 has the 2nd discharge hole 62 in the side surface. The 1st cylinder part 201 and the 2nd cylinder part 202 have the same central axis, and have the same internal diameter.

A plurality (three in this case) of leg portions 203 are provided on the bottom surface of the second cylindrical portion 202 of the casing 2 (the lower surface 24 of the casing 2). The second cylinder part 202 is supported by the leg part 203. The first cylinder portion 201 is supported in the outer cover 5 by, for example, one or more support beams protruding inward from the inner surface of the outer cover 5.

As shown in FIG. 3, the rotating body 3 is arranged inside the casing 2 so that the rotation center axis 30 is aligned with the center axis 20 of the casing 2. In the rotator 3, an outer peripheral line in a cross section (horizontal cross section) orthogonal to the rotation center axis 30 is circular. The material of the rotating body 3 is polycarbonate resin, for example.

The length of the rotating body 3 is shorter than the length of the casing 2 in the direction (vertical direction) along the rotation center axis 30 of the rotating body 3. In the direction along the rotation center axis 30 of the rotating body 3, the length of the rotating body 3 is longer than the distance between the upper end of the inlet opening 21 and the lower end of the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2. As shown in FIG. 3, the rotating body 3 has a lower first end (lower end) 31 and an upper second end (upper end) 32.

The first end 31 of the rotating body 3 is disposed near the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2 in the direction along the central axis 20 of the casing 2. In the vertical direction, the first end 31 of the rotating body 3 is located below the upper end of the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2. The second end 32 of the rotating body 3 is disposed near the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2 in the direction along the central axis 20 of the casing 2. In the vertical direction, the second end 32 of the rotating body 3 is located above the lower end of the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2.

As shown in FIGS. 3 to 5, a plurality (24 in this case) of blades 36 connected to the rotating body 3 are arranged between the casing 2 and the rotating body 3. The material of each of the plurality of blades 36 is, for example, polycarbonate resin.

Each of the plurality of blades 36 is disposed so that a gap is formed between the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4. In other words, in the separation device 1, there are gaps between each of the plurality of blades 36 and the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2. That is, in the radial direction of the rotating body 3, the distance between the protruding tips of each of the plurality of blades 36 and the outer peripheral surface 37 of the rotating body 3 is such that the outer peripheral surface 37 of the rotating body 3 and the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2 are Shorter than the distance.

Each of the plurality of blades 36 is disposed in parallel to the rotation center axis 30 of the rotating body 3 in a space (flow path 200) between the outer peripheral surface 37 of the rotating body 3 and the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2. Each of the plurality of blades 36 has a flat plate shape. Each of the plurality of blades 36 is inclined by a predetermined angle (for example, 45 degrees) with respect to the radial direction of the rotating body 3 when viewed from below in the direction along the central axis 20 of the cylindrical body 2. Here, in each of the plurality of blades 36, the distal end on the cylindrical body 2 side in the protruding direction from the rotating body 3 is in the rotational direction A1 of the rotating body 3 (see FIG. 4) rather than the proximal end on the rotating body 3 side. Located behind. That is, in the separation device 1, each of the plurality of blades 36 is inclined by a predetermined angle (for example, 45 degrees) in the rotation direction A <b> 1 of the rotating body 3 with respect to the radial direction of the rotating body 3. The predetermined angle is not limited to 45 degrees, and may be an angle greater than 0 degrees and 90 degrees or less. For example, the predetermined angle may be an angle within a range of 10 degrees to 80 degrees. Each of the plurality of blades 36 is not limited to the case where the blade 3 is inclined by a predetermined angle in the rotation direction A1 of the rotating body 3 with respect to the radial direction of the rotating body 3, for example, an angle formed with the radial direction of the rotating body 3 May be 0 degrees. That is, the plurality of blades 36 may extend radially from the rotating body 3. As shown in FIG. 4, the plurality of blades 36 are arranged at substantially equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the rotating body 3. Further, the plurality of blades 36 are arranged at equal angular intervals (15 degrees) in the circumferential direction of the rotating body 3. The “equal angular interval” here does not have to be exactly the same interval, and may be an angular interval within a predetermined angle range (specified angle ± 20%: 15 degrees ± 3 degrees).

3, the length of each of the plurality of blades 36 is shorter than the length of the casing 2 in the direction (vertical direction) along the rotation center axis 30 of the rotating body 3. In the direction along the rotation center axis 30 of the rotating body 3, the length of each of the plurality of blades 36 is longer than the distance between the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 of the casing 2. Further, the length of each of the plurality of blades 36 is longer than the distance between the upper end of the inlet opening 21 and the lower end of the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2 in the direction along the rotation center axis 30 of the rotating body 3. In the direction along the rotation center axis 30 of the rotating body 3, the length of each of the plurality of blades 36 is equal to the length of the rotating body 3 in the present embodiment.

Each of the plurality of blades 36 has a lower first end (lower end) 361 and an upper second end (upper end) 362, as shown in FIG.

The first end 361 of each blade 36 is disposed near the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2 in the direction (vertical direction) along the central axis 20 of the casing 2. In the vertical direction, the first end (lower end) 361 of each blade 36 is positioned below the upper end of the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2. That is, the first end (lower end) 361 of the blade 36 is included in the projection region of the inlet opening 21 when viewed from the side.

The second end 362 of each blade 36 is disposed near the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2 in the direction (vertical direction) along the central axis 20 of the casing 2. In the vertical direction, the second end (upper end) 362 of each blade 36 is located above the lower end of the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2. That is, the second end (upper end) 362 of the blade 36 is included in the projection region of the outlet opening 22 when the casing 2 is viewed from the side.

The rotating body 3 is connected to a rotating shaft (shaft) of a motor of the driving device 4 through a shaft 40 as shown in FIG. The shaft 40 has a round bar shape. The material of the shaft 40 is, for example, stainless steel. The shaft 40 is disposed such that its axis coincides with the rotation center axis 30 of the rotating body 3.

The driving device 4 is disposed on the upper surface 23 of the casing 2. A through-hole through which the shaft 40 passes is formed in the center of the upper surface 23 of the casing 2, and the upper end of the shaft 40 is located in the drive device 4. The drive device 4 includes, for example, a shaft coupling, and the upper end of the shaft 40 is connected to the rotation shaft of the motor by the shaft coupling.

The driving device 4 rotates the rotating body 3 around the rotation center axis 30. The rotational speed of the rotating body 3 is, for example, 1500 rpm to 3000 rpm. The motor of the drive device 4 is, for example, a DC motor. The driving device 4 is driven by, for example, an external driving circuit.

In the separation device 1, the rotation direction of the rotating body 3 connected to the shaft 40 is the same as the rotation direction of the rotation shaft of the motor of the drive device 4. The rotating direction of the rotating body 3 is a counterclockwise direction (direction of arrow A1 in FIG. 4) when viewed from the upper surface 23 side of the casing 2. The rotating direction of the rotating body 3 is a clockwise direction when viewed from the lower surface 24 side of the casing 2. The rotational angular velocity of the rotating body 3 is the same as the rotational angular velocity of the rotating shaft of the motor.

In the separating device 1, when the rotating body 3 is rotated by the rotation of the rotation shaft of the motor of the driving device 4, the rotating body 3 and the plurality of blades 36 are rotated in the same direction. The separating device 1 can apply a force in the rotational direction around the rotation center axis 30 to the air flowing into the flow path 200 (see FIG. 3) as the rotating body 3 rotates. In the separation device 1, the rotating body 3 rotates, so that the velocity vector of the air flowing through the flow path 200 has a velocity component in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis 30 and a velocity component in a rotation direction around the rotation center axis 30. And will have.

Regarding the separation characteristics of the separation device 1, the separation efficiency tends to increase as the rotational speed of the rotating body 3 increases. As for the separation characteristics of the separation device 1, the separation efficiency tends to increase as the particle size increases. In the separating apparatus 1, for example, it is preferable that the rotational speed of the rotating body 3 is set so as to separate fine particles having a prescribed particle size or more. As fine particles having a prescribed particle size, for example, particles having an aerodynamic particle size of 0.3 μm to 10 μm are assumed. “Aerodynamic particle size” means the diameter of a particle such that the aerodynamic behavior is equivalent to a spherical particle with a specific gravity of 1.0. The aerodynamic particle size is a particle size determined from the sedimentation rate of particles. Examples of the solid that remains in the air without being separated by the separation device 1 include fine particles having a smaller particle diameter than the fine particles that are supposed to be separated by the separation device 1 (in other words, fine particles having a small mass). .

2 and 3, the inlet duct 7 is formed integrally with the casing 2 so as to be connected to the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2. The material of the inlet duct 7 is the same as the material of the casing 2, for example. The inlet duct 7 has a first end (right end in FIG. 3) connected to the periphery of the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2 and a gas inlet 11 at the second end (left end in FIG. 3).

The inlet duct 7 extends from the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2 in a tangential direction of a circle (imaginary circle) centered on the central axis 20 of the casing 2. More specifically, the inlet duct 7 extends from the side surface 25 of the cylindrical casing 2 in the tangential direction of the side surface 25 of the casing 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the inlet duct 7 has a rectangular tube shape with a rectangular cross section. The inlet duct 7 includes a first side wall 71 and a second side wall 72 that face each other in the horizontal direction.

The inner surface of the first side wall 71 of the inlet duct 7 extends in a tangential direction of a circle C1 (see FIG. 4) whose radius is the distance between the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2 and the central axis 20. That is, the inner surface of one side wall (first side wall 71) of the inlet duct 7 extends in a tangential direction of a circle C <b> 1 whose radius is the distance between the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2 and the central axis 20. . The inner surface of the second side wall 72 of the inlet duct 7 is parallel to the inner surface of the first side wall 71.

The distance between the first side wall 71 and the second side wall 72 is substantially the same (slightly smaller) as the inner diameter of the casing 2 (the radius of the circle C1). That is, when viewed from the extending direction of the inlet duct 7, the size of the opening of the inlet duct 7 in the direction perpendicular to the vertical direction (horizontal direction) is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the casing 2.

Since the inlet duct 7 extends in a tangential direction of a circle centering on the central axis 20 of the casing 2, the velocity vector of air (see the dotted arrow in FIG. 1) flowing into the casing 2 from the inlet duct 7 is When it flows into the inlet duct 7, it has a velocity component in the rotational direction around the rotation center axis 30 (a velocity component in a tangential direction of a circle around the rotation center axis 30). Thereby, for example, an inlet opening is formed in the lower surface 24 of the casing 2, and the loss of kinetic energy of the air flowing into the casing 2 is smaller than when air flows in from the inlet opening along the axial direction of the casing 2. It becomes small and it becomes possible to reduce pressure loss.

The outlet duct 8 is formed integrally with the casing 2 so as to be connected to the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2. The material of the outlet duct 8 is the same as the material of the casing 2, for example. The outlet duct 8 has a first end connected to the peripheral edge of the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2 and a gas outlet 12 at the second end.

The outlet duct 8 extends from the peripheral edge of the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2 in a tangential direction of a circle (imaginary circle) centering on the central axis 20 of the casing 2. More specifically, the outlet duct 8 extends from the side surface 25 of the cylindrical casing 2 in the tangential direction of the side surface 25 of the casing 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 4, the outlet duct 8 is a rectangular tube having a rectangular cross section. The outlet duct 8 includes a first side wall 81 and a second side wall 82 that face each other in the horizontal direction.

The inner surface of the first side wall 81 of the outlet duct 8 extends in a tangential direction of the circle C1 (see FIG. 4) whose radius is the distance between the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2 and the central axis 20. That is, the inner surface of one side wall (first side wall 81) of the outlet duct 8 extends in a tangential direction of a circle C <b> 1 whose radius is the distance between the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2 and the central axis 20. . The inner surface of the second side wall 82 of the outlet duct 8 is parallel to the inner surface of the first side wall 81.

The distance between the first side wall 81 and the second side wall 82 is substantially the same (slightly smaller) as the inner diameter of the casing 2 (the radius of the circle C1). That is, when viewed from the extending direction of the outlet duct 8, the size of the opening of the outlet duct 8 in the direction orthogonal to the vertical direction (horizontal direction) is substantially the same as the inner diameter of the casing 2.

Since the outlet duct 8 extends in a tangential direction of a circle centering on the central axis 20 of the casing 2, when the velocity vector of the air swirling in the casing 2 reaches the outlet opening 22, the outlet duct 8. 8 (speed component in the tangential direction of a circle centered on the rotation center axis 30). As a result, for example, the air swirling in the casing 2 is more easily guided to the outlet duct 8 than when the air is caused to flow upward by an outlet duct protruding upward from the outlet opening provided on the upper surface 23 of the casing 2. . Therefore, the loss of kinetic energy of the air flowing out from the casing 2 to the outlet duct 8 is reduced, and the pressure loss can be reduced.

As shown in FIG. 4, in the separating apparatus 1, the extension direction of the inlet duct 7 and the extension direction of the outlet duct 8 are the same when viewed from the direction along the central axis 20 of the casing 2. In the separating apparatus 1, the central axis of the inlet duct 7 and the central axis of the outlet duct 8 are on the same straight line when viewed from the direction along the central axis 20 of the casing 2.

In the separation apparatus 1, external air flows into the flow path 200 in the casing 2 through the inlet duct 7. The solid contained in the air flowing into the casing 2 is a force from the air flowing through the flow path 200 (a force in the rotational direction around the rotation center axis 30 and an upward force in a direction parallel to the rotation center axis 30). ) And gravity.

The solid whose gravity is larger than the upward force from the swirl flow, that is, the solid whose mass is relatively large, falls downward due to the gravity and is discharged from the opening 240 of the lower surface 24 of the casing 2 to the outside of the casing 2.

The solid whose upward force from the swirling flow is larger than the gravity, that is, the solid whose mass is relatively small, rises in the casing 2 by the upward force from the swirling flow. This solid rotates spirally while rising in the flow path 200 by the force from the swirling flow, and is centrifuged in the direction from the rotation center axis 30 (see FIG. 3) of the rotating body 3 toward the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2. Receive power. The solid subjected to the centrifugal force moves toward the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2, and spirally rotates along the inner peripheral surface 27 in the vicinity of the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2. In the separation device 1, a part of the solid in the air is discharged from the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 while passing through the flow path 200 (see FIG. 2).

Here, the centrifugal force acting on the solid is proportional to the mass of the solid. Therefore, among the solids that pass (rise) through the flow path 200, the solid having a relatively large mass reaches the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2 before (on the upstream side) the solid having a relatively small mass. Easy to reach. The solid having a relatively large mass can be discharged to the outside of the casing 2 from the second discharge hole 62 formed on the upstream side of the flow path 200, for example. On the other hand, the solid with a relatively small mass easily reaches the inner peripheral surface 27 of the casing 2 after the solid with a relatively large mass (on the downstream side). The solid having a relatively small mass can be discharged to the outside of the casing 2 from, for example, the first discharge hole 61 formed on the downstream side of the flow path 200.

As described above, in the separation device 1 of the present embodiment, the casing 2 is formed with a plurality of discharge holes (the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62). Thereby, in the separation apparatus 1, the solid with relatively large mass is discharged from the discharge hole formed on the upstream side to the outside of the casing 2, and the solid with relatively small mass is discharged from the discharge hole formed on the downstream side. It becomes possible to discharge to the outside of the casing 2. In the separation device 1, a part of the air (purified air) from which solids (fine particles 600 and the like) are separated (removed) flows out from the outlet duct 8 through the outlet opening 22.

The outer cover 5 has a cylindrical shape that covers the casing 2. More specifically, the outer cover 5 has a cylindrical shape with the upper surface 51 closed and the lower surface 52 opened.

The inner diameter of the outer cover 5 is larger than the outer diameter of the casing 2. In the vertical direction, the dimension of the outer cover 5 is larger than the dimension of the casing 2. The outer cover 5 is formed in a size that covers the entire casing 2 excluding the legs 203. The outer cover 5 is disposed concentrically with the casing 2.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a rectangular opening 53 through which the inlet duct 7 can be passed is formed in a portion corresponding to the inlet duct 7 on the side surface 56 of the outer cover 5. A rectangular opening 54 through which the outlet duct 8 can be passed is formed in a portion corresponding to the outlet duct 8 on the side surface 56 of the outer cover 5.

The outer cover 5 is provided with a plurality of (for example, three) leg portions 55 for supporting the outer cover 5 at the installation location (the rooftop, the ground, etc.) of the separation device 1.

The size of the opening on the lower surface 52 of the outer cover 5 is not particularly limited. However, when the pressure in the inner space of the outer cover 5 increases (for example, when the pressure in the inner space of the outer cover 5 becomes larger than the pressure in the inner space of the casing 2), the air in the casing 2 It becomes difficult to flow into the internal space. For this reason, it is preferable that the opening of the lower surface 52 has a certain size so that the pressure in the inner space of the outer cover 5 becomes substantially the same as the atmospheric pressure. For example, the outer cover 5 may have the entire lower surface 52 opened.

The separation device 1 includes the outer cover 5, thereby suppressing the solid discharged from the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 of the casing 2 from being scattered outside the separation device 1. It becomes possible.

For example, in an air purification system installed in a house or the like, the separation device 1 is used by being arranged on the upstream side of an air filter such as a HEPA filter (high-efficiency-particulate-air filter) arranged on the upstream side of the air conditioning equipment. The “HEPA filter” is an air filter having a particle collection rate of 99.97% or more with respect to particles having a particle size of 0.3 μm at a rated flow rate and an initial pressure loss of 245 Pa or less. The air filter does not make the particle collection efficiency of 100% an essential condition. By providing the separation device 1, the air purification system can suppress fine particles 600 such as soil particles contained in the air from reaching the air filter. Therefore, in the air purification system, it is possible to extend the life of an air filter or the like that is on the downstream side of the separation device 1. For example, in the air purification system, it is possible to suppress an increase in pressure loss due to an increase in the total mass of particulates or the like collected by the air filter. Thereby, in the air purification system, it is possible to reduce the replacement frequency of the air filter. The air purification system is not limited to a configuration in which the air filter and the air conditioning equipment are housed in different housings, and may include an air filter in the housing of the air conditioning equipment. In other words, the air conditioning equipment may include an air filter in addition to the blower.

(Modification)
The above embodiment is only one of various embodiments of the present invention. Various modifications can be made to the embodiment described above depending on the design and the like.

The material of the casing 2 is not limited to synthetic resin such as ABS, but may be metal or the like. In addition, the material of the rotating body 3 and the plurality of blades 36 is not limited to a synthetic resin such as a polycarbonate resin, and may be a metal, for example. Further, the material of the rotating body 3 and the material of the plurality of blades 36 may be different from each other.

The casing 2 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be, for example, a rectangular tube shape. The outer cover 5 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be a rectangular tube shape, for example.

The inlet opening 21 may not be formed at the lower end of the side surface 25 of the casing 2, and may be formed, for example, in a portion below the center of the side surface 25 of the casing 2. Moreover, the inlet opening 21 does not need to be formed in the side surface 25 of the casing 2, and may be formed in the lower surface 24 of the casing 2, for example.

The outlet opening 22 may not be formed at the upper end of the side surface 25 of the casing 2 as long as it is above the inlet opening 21. For example, the outlet opening 22 is formed at a portion above the center of the side surface 25 of the casing 2. Also good. Further, the outlet opening 22 may not be formed on the side surface 25 of the casing 2, and may be formed on the upper surface 23 of the casing 2, for example.

The shape of the first discharge hole 61 is not particularly limited, and may not be formed over the entire circumferential direction of the casing 2. For example, the first discharge hole 61 may have an arc shape with the central axis 20 of the casing 2 as the center, a spiral shape in the spiral direction along the rotation direction of the rotating body 3, or a round shape. It may be a hole or an arbitrary polygonal hole, or may be another shape. The “spiral shape in the spiral direction” means a shape formed by at least a part of the spiral. At least a part of the spiral means that the number of rotations of the spiral may be less than one.

The shape of the second discharge hole 62 is not particularly limited, and may be an annular shape formed over the entire circumferential direction of the casing 2, a round hole or an arbitrary polygonal hole, and others. The shape may also be

In addition to the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62, the casing 2 has one or a plurality of other discharge holes (third holes) at positions different from the first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 in the vertical direction. It may further have a discharge hole). The shape of the third discharge hole is not particularly limited, and may be an arc shape or an annular shape centering on the central axis 20 of the casing 2, or may be another shape. The formation position of the third discharge hole is not particularly limited, and may be formed at a position above the first discharge hole 61 or below the second discharge hole 62 on the side surface 25 of the casing 2 in the vertical direction. The first discharge hole 61 and the second discharge hole 62 may be formed at a position.

The casing 2 does not necessarily have the opening 240 on the lower surface 24.

The shape of the rotating body 3 is not particularly limited, and may be cylindrical or columnar, or may be other shapes such as an elliptical sphere.

Each of the plurality of blades 36 may be connected to the rotating body 3 by being formed as a separate member from the rotating body 3 and being fixed to the rotating body 3.

The shape of the blade 36 is not particularly limited, and may be formed in a spiral shape around the rotation center axis 30 of the rotating body 3 other than the flat plate shape, for example. Here, the term “spiral” includes not only a spiral shape with a rotational speed of 1 or more, but also includes a part of a spiral shape with a rotational speed of 1.

The first end 31 of the rotating body 3 and / or the first end 361 of the blade 36 may be located above the upper end of the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2. Alternatively, the first end 31 of the rotating body 3 and / or the first end 361 of the blade 36 may be located below the lower end of the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2.

The second end 32 of the rotating body 3 and / or the second end 362 of the blade 36 may be located below the lower end of the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2. Alternatively, the second end 32 of the rotating body 3 and / or the second end 362 of the blade 36 may be located above the upper end of the outlet opening 22 of the casing 2.

The separation device 1 may include a support leg portion for supporting the first tube portion 201.

In the above embodiment, the rotating body 3 is separate from the shaft 40 and the rotating shaft of the motor of the driving device 4, but is not limited thereto. For example, the rotating body 3 may be a rotating shaft (shaft) of a motor, and the blades 36 may be directly connected to the rotating shaft of the motor.

The location of the driving device 4 is not particularly limited. For example, the casing 2 may be disposed below the rotating body 3, or may be disposed inside the rotating body 3 as long as the rotating body 3 is hollow.

The inlet duct 7 may not penetrate the opening 53 of the outer cover 5. For example, the length of the inlet duct 7 from the inlet opening 21 of the casing 2 may be set to a length that does not reach the opening 53 of the outer cover 5 so that the inflow port 11 is positioned in the outer cover 5. In this case, for example, another duct connected to the inlet 11 of the inlet duct 7 may be disposed so as to penetrate the opening 53 of the outer cover 5. Further, an insect screen may be provided at the opening 53 of the outer cover 5 or the inlet 11 of the inlet duct 7.

The separation device 1 does not necessarily have to include the inlet duct 7 and / or the outlet duct 8. The separation device 1 may include a plurality of inlet openings 21 (and a plurality of inlet ducts 7), or may include a plurality of outlet openings 22 (and a plurality of outlet ducts 8). The inlet duct 7 and the outlet duct 8 may not be arranged on a straight line. The shape of the inlet duct 7 and / or the shape of the outlet duct 8 is not limited to the shape of the embodiment.

The outer cover 5 may be provided on the inner surface thereof with a first holding structure that holds the first tube portion 201 inside the outer cover 5 in a state where the outlet duct 8 is passed through the opening 54. In addition, the outer cover 5 may be provided on the inner surface thereof with a second holding structure that holds the second cylindrical portion 202 inside the outer cover 5 in a state where the inlet duct 7 is passed through the opening 53. The first holding structure and the second holding structure are not particularly limited as long as the first cylinder part 201 and the second cylinder part 202 can be held. You may be comprised by the beam and the hole for screwing the 1st cylinder part 201 or the 2nd cylinder part 202 provided in the collar part of the front-end | tip of each beam.

(Aspect)
The following aspects are disclosed from the embodiments and the like described above.

The separation device (1) of the first aspect includes a casing (2), a rotating body (3), a blade (36), a driving device (4), and an external cover (5). The casing (2) has a cylindrical shape having a central axis (20) along the vertical direction. The casing (2) has an inlet opening (21) that serves as a gas inlet, and an outlet opening (22) that is located above the inlet opening (21) and serves as a gas outlet. The rotating body (3) is arranged inside the casing (2) so that the rotation center axis (30) is aligned with the center axis (20) of the casing (2). The blade (36) is disposed between the rotating body (3) and the casing (2). The blade (36) is connected to the rotating body (3). The driving device (4) rotates the rotating body (3) around the rotation center axis (30). The outer cover (5) covers the casing (2). The casing (2) has a first discharge hole (61) and a second discharge hole (62) between the inlet opening (21) and the outlet opening (22). The first discharge hole (61) penetrates in the thickness direction of the casing (2). The second discharge hole (62) penetrates in the thickness direction of the casing (2). The second discharge hole (62) is provided below the first discharge hole (61) in the vertical direction.

According to the first aspect, the possibility that the solid once moved to the inner peripheral side of the casing (2) will move again to the central side of the casing (2) is reduced. In addition, it is possible to increase the residence time in the solid flow path (200) (in the casing 2) contained in the air. Thereby, the solid contained in the gas can be efficiently separated from the gas, and the separation performance can be improved. Moreover, it becomes possible to suppress that the solid discharged | emitted in the external cover (5) from the 1st discharge hole (61) and the 2nd discharge hole (62) is scattered outside the separation apparatus (1). .

In the separation device (1) of the second aspect, in the first aspect, the casing (2) has a bottomed cylindrical shape with the upper surface (23) closed and the lower surface (24) having an opening (240).

According to the 2nd aspect, it becomes possible to discharge | emit the solid contained in the air which flowed in in the casing (2) also from the opening (240) of a lower surface (24), and can aim at the improvement of a separation performance. It becomes.

In the separation device (1) of the third aspect, in the first or second aspect, the outlet opening (22) is opened to the side of the casing (2). The separation device (1) includes an outlet duct (8) formed integrally with the casing (2) so as to be connected to the periphery of the outlet opening (22) of the casing (2).

According to the third aspect, the cleaned gas can be discharged to the outside from the outlet duct (8).

In the separation device (1) according to the fourth aspect, in the third aspect, the outlet duct (8) is configured such that the central axis (20) of the casing (2) extends from the periphery of the outlet opening (22) of the casing (2). It extends in the tangential direction of the center circle.

According to the fourth aspect, it is possible to reduce the pressure loss.

In the separation device (1) of the fifth aspect, the casing (2) is cylindrical in the fourth aspect. The outlet duct (8) extends in a tangential direction from the side surface (25) of the casing (2).

According to the fifth aspect, it is possible to further reduce the pressure loss.

In the separation device (1) of the sixth aspect, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, the inlet opening (21) is open to the side of the casing (2). The separation device (1) includes an inlet duct (7) formed integrally with the casing (2) so as to be connected to the peripheral edge of the inlet opening (21) of the casing (2).

According to the sixth aspect, gas can be allowed to flow into the casing (2) through the inlet duct (7).

In the separation device (1) according to the seventh aspect, in the sixth aspect, the inlet duct (7) is configured so that the central axis (20) of the casing (2) extends from the periphery of the inlet opening (21) of the casing (2). It extends in the tangential direction of the center circle.

According to the seventh aspect, pressure loss can be reduced.

In the separation device (1) according to the eighth aspect, in any one of the first to seventh aspects, the first discharge hole (61) is in a direction parallel to the central axis (20) of the casing (2). The slit shape extends in a tilted direction.

According to the eighth aspect, the solid can be effectively discharged from the slit-shaped first discharge hole (61), and the separation performance can be improved.

In the separation device (1) of the ninth aspect, in the eighth aspect, the first discharge hole (61) is in a plane perpendicular to the central axis (20) of the casing (2).

According to the 9th aspect, it becomes possible to discharge | emit solid effectively from the slit-shaped 1st discharge hole (61) in one plane orthogonal to the central axis (20) of a casing (2), and it isolate | separates The performance can be improved.

In the separation device (1) of the tenth aspect, in the eighth or ninth aspect, the first discharge hole (61) extends over the entire circumference in the circumferential direction of the casing (2) to move the casing (2) up and down. Divide into

According to the 10th aspect, it becomes possible to discharge | emit solid effectively from the slit-shaped 1st discharge hole (61) extended over the perimeter of the circumferential direction of a casing (2), and the isolation | separation performance is improved. It becomes possible to plan.

In the separation device (1) of the eleventh aspect, in any one of the first to tenth aspects, the upper end (second end 362) of the vane (36) is lower than the lower end of the outlet opening (22) in the vertical direction. Is also located on the upper side.

According to the eleventh aspect, it becomes possible to generate a swirling flow up to the vicinity of the outlet opening (22) by the blade (36), and it is possible to improve the separation performance.

In the separation device (1) of the twelfth aspect, in any one of the first to eleventh aspects, the outer cover (5) is open on the lower side.

According to the twelfth aspect, since the solid discharged into the outer cover (5) is discharged from the lower side of the outer cover (5) to the outside of the separation device (1), the fine particles in the outer cover (5) Solids such as (600) are difficult to accumulate, and maintenance of the separation device (1) is facilitated.

The configurations according to the second to twelfth aspects are not essential to the separation device (1) and can be omitted as appropriate.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Separator 2 Casing 20 Central axis 21 Inlet opening 22 Outlet opening 23 Upper surface 24 Lower surface 240 Opening 25 Side surface 3 Rotating body 30 Rotating center axis 36 Blade 362 Second end (upper end)
4 Driving device 5 External cover 61 First discharge hole 62 Second discharge hole 7 Inlet duct 8 Outlet duct

Claims

A cylindrical shape having a central axis along the vertical direction, and a casing having an inlet opening serving as a gas inlet and an outlet opening located above the inlet opening and serving as a gas outlet;
Inside the casing, a rotating body arranged so that a rotation center axis is aligned with the center axis of the casing;
A blade disposed between the rotating body and the casing and connected to the rotating body;
A driving device for rotating the rotating body around the rotation center axis;
An outer cover covering the casing;
With
The casing is between the inlet opening and the outlet opening,
A first discharge hole penetrating in a thickness direction of the casing;
A second discharge hole provided below the first discharge hole in the vertical direction and penetrating in the thickness direction of the casing;
Having
Separation device.
The casing is a bottomed cylinder having an upper surface closed and an opening on the lower surface.
The separation device according to claim 1.
The outlet opening is open to the side of the casing;
The separation device includes an outlet duct formed integrally with the casing so as to be connected to a peripheral edge of the outlet opening of the casing.
The separation apparatus according to claim 1 or 2.
The outlet duct extends from a peripheral edge of the outlet opening of the casing in a tangential direction of a circle around the central axis of the casing.
The separation device according to claim 3.
The casing is cylindrical;
The outlet duct extends in a tangential direction from a side surface of the casing.
The separation device according to claim 4.
The inlet opening is open to the side of the casing;
The separation device includes an inlet duct formed integrally with the casing so as to be connected to a peripheral edge of the inlet opening of the casing.
The separation device according to any one of claims 1 to 5.
The inlet duct extends from a peripheral edge of the inlet opening of the casing in a tangential direction of a circle around the central axis of the casing.
The separation apparatus according to claim 6.
The first discharge hole has a slit shape extending in a direction inclined with respect to a direction parallel to the central axis of the casing.
The separation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
The first discharge hole is in a plane orthogonal to the central axis of the casing.
The separation device according to claim 8.
The first discharge hole extends over the entire circumference of the casing and divides the casing up and down.
The separation device according to claim 8 or 9.
In the up and down direction, the upper end of the blade is located above the lower end of the outlet opening,
The separation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 10.
The outer cover has an open bottom side,
The separation apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 11.