WO2019210184A1 - Systems and methods for dispensing components for customized compositions and formulations - Google Patents

Abstract

Components of consumable consumer formulations may be delivered through a system that is designed to increase the efficiency of flow from ingredient containers. One or more of a motor, an iris, and a heating element may be used to accomplish this task.

Description

Systems and Methods for Dispensing Components for Customized Compositions and Formulations

[0001] Cross-reference to related application

[0002] This application claims priority to U.S. provisional patent application serial number 62/663,364, filed on April 27, 2018. The entire disclosure of the

aforementioned patent application is hereby incorporated by reference into the present disclosure.

[0003] Field of the Invention

[0004] The present invention relates to the field of automated dispensing of chemical components.

[0005] Background of the Invention

[0006] In many industries, including but not limited to the beauty industry, there is a growing demand for customized (also referred to as personalized) products. These products are uniquely designed to match each person’s biology or preferences or both.

[0007] Consumers have always wanted personalization of their goods, but until relatively recently the implementation of personalization technologies, particularly on a large scale, was cost-prohibitive. Now, however, technologies for the use of automated systems for personalization are well-known by persons of ordinary skill in the art. For example, U.S. Patent No. 9,691,213, Automated Customized Cosmetic Dispenser, June 27, 2017 to Cosmetic Technologies, LLC, discloses a retail point-of- sale cosmetic dispenser that makes use of a robotic arm. Additionally, U.S. Patent No. 8,636,173, Point-of-Sale Body Powder Dispensing System, January 28, 2014 also to Cosmetic Technologies, LLC discloses using a computer controlled automated powder dispensing system.

[0008] In many of the currently known automated systems, there are reusable hardware elements and consumables that are components of end products. As automated customization devices become more widely adopted, there will be increasing pressure to make them more efficient with respect to minimizing the residual consumable that ultimately is not dispensed and therefore is discarded. This efficiency will need to be balanced with the flexibility of using different consumables with the same hardware. Thus, there is a need for more efficient systems and methods for dispensing components of products.

[0009] Summary of the Invention

[0010] The present invention provides systems and methods for delivering liquids, powders, solids (e.g., pellets), or a combination thereof to a receptacle that will house or carry an end product. The end product may be dispensed from the receptacle for use at a later time or for current use. The receptacle may be a container or an applicator, a pan, a tray, a mold, a pencil encasement, a crayon encasement, a glass jar, a plastic jar, a metal jar, a glass bottle, a plastic bottle, a metal bottle, a packet, a syringe, a brush, a film, a wax, gelatin, a capsule, a tube, a tin, a bag, a box, a can, a pad, a patch, a stick, a wipe, a towelette, a compact, a substrate, a porous material, or other material that is designed to receive a combination of ingredients for use by a consumer.

[0011] In some embodiments, the components are combined to form end-products that are liquids, solids, semi-solids, or powders. The end products may, for example, be one or more of the following: cosmetic products, nail polish, foundation, perfume, cologne, aromatics, mascara, lip gloss, lip color, liquid lipstick, eye gel, eye color, cheek gel, cosmetic color stain, skin care products, cleansers, serums, lotion, facial masks, body masks, toothpaste, mouthwash, hand sanitizer, hair gel, hair styling foam, hair color products, shampoo, conditioner, treatment masks, sunscreen, aftershave products, shaving cream, and deodorant.

[0012] By way of a non-limiting example, ingredients may be dispensed from cartridges in the form of liquids that are actuated as sprays or mists at a nozzle, on or into, for example, a towelette, a treatment mask, a film, a patch, or a porous material or the like. These end-products may for example, be one of the following: anti bacterial products, acne-treatment products, exfoliation treatment products, serums, skin care products, sunscreen, dental bleaching products, hair removal products, nail polish remover, make-up remover, hair shimmer products, hair color products, hair mask products, perfumes, colognes, or deodorants or a combination thereof.

[0013] In order to facilitate delivery of a component, in some embodiments, heat may be applied to a cartridge apparatus that contains the component. The addition of heat is particularly advantageous when the component is viscous and for example, used to form one or more of the following: lipsticks, lip pencils, lip balms, eye crayons, eye pencils, shimmer sticks, skincare products, sunscreen, cleansers, scrub sticks, perfume sticks, and aromatherapy candles.

[0014] In some embodiments, the end product is a powder such as body powder, deodorant, eye color, eye shadow, cheek color, cleanser, hair shimmer, hair color, blush, bronzer, or dry shampoo.

[0015] According to a first embodiment, the present invention is directed to a system for dispensing chemical ingredients (also referred to as components). The system comprises a plurality of dispensing units, wherein each dispensing unit comprises: (a) a heating element, (b) an iris, and (c) a cavity. The heating element may protrude into the cavity, and the iris has a first position and second position, wherein the first position is a maximum open position and the second position is a minimum open position or a closed position, and the iris is capable of moving between the first position and the second position such that when in the second position, a cross- section of the cavity is smaller than when the iris is in the first position.

[0016] According to a second embodiment, the present invention is directed to a system for dispensing chemical components comprising a plurality of dispensing units, wherein each dispensing unit comprises: (a) a heating element, (b) a motor, and (c) a cavity. The heating element may protrude into the cavity, and the motor, which may e.g., be a vibratory motor, may be associated with the heating element or located elsewhere, e.g., on one or more walls of the cavity.

[0017] According to a third embodiment, the present invention is directed to a system for dispensing chemical components comprising a plurality of dispensing units, wherein each dispensing unit comprises: (a) a motor, (b) an iris, and (c) a cavity. The motor, which may e.g., be a vibratory motor, may be associated with one or more of the walls of the cavity, and the iris may contract to narrow a cross-section of the cavity. [0018] In each of the embodiments described above, a dispensing cartridge may be inserted in the cavity of one or more dispensing units. Within the dispensing cartridge, there may be at least one ingredient or a plurality of ingredients for a formulation. The shape of the dispensing cartridge is such that it may fit within the cavity and benefit from the presence of one or more elements of the system that are present.

[0019] According to a fourth embodiment, the present invention provides a method for creating a formulation from a plurality of ingredients by using any of the systems of the present invention. In one of these embodiments, the present invention provides a method for creating a formulation comprising: (a) inserting a plurality of cartridges into a system for dispensing chemical ingredients, wherein the system comprises a plurality of dispensing units, wherein each dispensing unit comprises: a heating element, an iris, and a cavity; wherein the heating element protrudes into the cavity, and the iris has a first position and second position, wherein the first position is a maximum open position and the second position is a minimum open position (including but not limited to when the aperture is closed) and the iris is capable of moving between the first position and the second position and when moved from the first position to the second position, the iris decreases a cross-section of the cavity, and (b) transferring a different amount of two different ingredients from at least two different cartridges into a receptacle.

[0020] When the systems of the present invention are in use, a signal to dispense a formulation may be received from a database that is stored locally or remotely on hardware and/or software, or in the cloud. Alternatively, it may be received directly or indirectly from a user’s device e.g., a smartphone. For example, a scan of a user or a profile of a user or a combination thereof may be sent to a processor, which determines a chemical formulation that would be appropriate for the user and sends instructions for creation of that formulation.

[0021 ] Within the system there may be one or more smart cartridges, which are examples of dispensing cartridges described herein. A smart cartridge contains a feature such as mobile asset tracking technology such as barcodes, QR codes, NFC, RFID, and GPS tags that indicate the contents of the cartridge. The dispensing units may have the capability to read the codes of the smart cartridge, e.g., they may have an RFID reader, NFC reader or use a smart phone as a NFC reader, GPS reader and the like. A proximate or remote memory unit may store information about each smart cartridge, including but not limited to its contents and the amount of material that has been dispensed from it. By tracking the amount of each ingredient that is used, the system can notify an operator when components need to be replaced. Optionally, each hardware element of the system can also contain a code, e.g., an RFID tag, NFC tag, and/or GPS tag that allows an operator to track its use. Further, each hardware element may contain or be associated with a motor and circuitry that through wired or wirelessly communication is connected to a processor that controls use of that element.

[0022] The systems and methods of the present invention may be used in diverse applications, including but not limited to, in the beauty, personal care, health, and wellness industries to create customized color cosmetics, skin care products, toiletry products, oral care products, hair care and color formulations, and the like. Through the use of these systems and methods, one may deliver and combine ingredients (also referred to as components, regardless of whether within a receptacle they form a mixture, suspension, solution, or other combination or whether they combine by physical and/or chemical means) efficiently from a plurality of cartridges to form consumer products such as custom color cosmetics, such as: for the face, such as, bronzer liquid, bronzer powder, cheek powder pressed, cheek stains, foundation liquid, foundation powder loose, foundation powder pressed, translucent powder loose lips, such as, balms, color, gloss, pencils, powder, stains, and sticks; for the eyes, such as, concealer, color, gloss, mascara, pencils, powder loose, and powder pressed; for the body, such as, art, bronzer powder loose, bronzer powder pressed, color shimmer powder loose, color shimmer powder pressed, self-tanners, and shimmer/glitter liquid; and for the nails, such as, base/top, details, and lacquer.

[0023] Various embodiments of the present invention may also be used to create custom skincare products (e.g., gels, lotions, masks, pads, patches, serums, sticks, towelettes, wipes): for the face, such as, acne control, age prevention serum, age repair, day treatment enhancer, moisturizer, night treatment, pore minimizer, soother, sun protection, treatment masks, and treatment patches; for the lips, such as, age prevention serum, age repair, balms, day treatment, enhancer, moisturizer, night treatment, soother, sun protection, treatment masks, and treatment patches; for the eyes, such as, age prevention serum, age repair, balms, day treatment, dark circle eliminator, enhancer, moisturizer, night treatment, puffiness eliminator, soother, sun protection, toner, treatment masks, and treatment patches; for the body, such as, age prevention serum, age repair, balms, enhancer, moisturizer, sculpting lotion, self tanner, soother, sun protection, tinted moisturizer, and treatment masks; and for the nails, such as, cuticle moisturizer, balms, serums, and treatment masks.

[0024] Various embodiments of the present invention may also be used to create custom cleansers (e.g., gels, lotions, masks, pads, patches, serums, sticks, towelettes, wipes): for the face, such as acne wash, balancer, gel cleanser, gentle remover, infused towelettes, mask, polish, pressed soap, scrub, scrub sticks, toner, and wash; for the lips, such as, polish, scrub, and scrub sticks; for the eyes, such as, gentle remover; for the body, such as, bath bombs, gel cleanser, hair removal, infused towelettes, mask, polish, pressed soap, scrub, scrub stick, and wash; for the hands, such as, antibacterial gels, gel cleanser, infused towelettes, lotion cleanser, and pressed soap; for the feet, such as, mask, scrub, scrub sticks, polish; for the nails, such as, infused remover, infused towelettes, mask, and polish; for hair, such as hair care, hair color, shampoo, conditioner, color shampoo, color conditioner, and color treatment mask; and for oral care products, such as breath strips, tooth paste, mouth, and dental bleaching products.

[0025] Various embodiments of the present invention may also be used to create: vitamins, such as, vitamin supplements, creams, lotions, sprays, prescription skincare products, hair growth products, hair loss prevention products, medicinal patches, supplement patches, serum patches, and treatment patches.

[0026] Brief Description of the Figures

[0027] Figure 1 is a representation of a dispensing unit of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 is a representation of a dispensing unit of the present invention with a motor.

[0029] Figure 3 is another representation of a dispensing unit of the present invention with a motor.

[0030] Figure 4 is representation of a dispensing unit of the present invention with a dispensing cartridge contained therein. [0031] Figure 5 is a representation of a dispensing unit of the present invention with a dispensing cartridge contained therein as constricted.

[0032] Figure 6 is a representation of a dispensing cartridge of the present invention.

[0033] Figure 7 is a representation of another dispensing unit of the present invention.

[0034] Detailed Description of the Invention

[0035] Reference will now be made in detail to various embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying figures. In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, unless otherwise indicated or implicit from context, the details are intended to be examples and should not be deemed to limit the scope of the invention in any way.

Furthermore, headings are provided for the convenience of the reader and are not intended to be and should not be construed as limiting any of the embodiments described herein.

[0036] According to a first embodiment, the present invention is directed to a system for dispensing chemical ingredients, wherein the system comprises a plurality of dispensing units. A dispensing unit is a unit that has a plurality of features that when used in combination will facilitate the transfer of a chemical substance or composition out of a container. Thus, in some systems of the present invention there may be at least two dispensing units, for example, 2 - 100, 3 - 50, 4 - 30, or 5 - 10 dispensing units.

[0037] Further, a system may be configured such that a single receptacle is capable of receiving ingredients that are dispensed from a plurality of dispensing units. Each dispensing unit is configured with a cavity and at least two of the following three features: a heating element; an iris; and a motor.

[0038] Heating Element

[0039] In some embodiments of the systems of the present invention, there is a heating element, e.g., one or more of a halogen bulb, a resistance heater, an incandescent bulb, a heating coil, a piezo igniter, or a piezo heating element. A heating element is an element that is capable of and configured to control the temperature of the ingredients during dispensing, or for controlling the temperature of the package in which ingredients are contained or from which they are dispensed. By controlling heat, the system is able to selectively control the viscosity of ingredients. When using a heating element, it may be desirable to employ a suitable thermal jacket (e.g. , along or within part or all of the outer shell of a dispensing unit) or other suitable heat exchanger about a package in which ingredients are housed or into which they are dispensed. Additionally or alternatively, there may be one, two, or all three of insulation, a plastic cover, and a fan.

[0040] By way of a non-limiting example, as a heating element, one may use a halogen bulb that has the following parameters: 1500 Watts, 254 mm in length, 130 Volts, 3000 Kelvin Colore temperature, and 33000 Lumens. Also within the scope of the invention is the use of electrical cording and access to sufficient power e.g., a plug to tap into one or more sources of electricity or a battery.

[0041] The heating element may be positioned so that it protrudes into the cavity. In some embodiments, the heating element protrudes along an axis of the cavity, e.g., a vertical axis of the cavity descending from the top of the cavity. The vertical axis may be defined by a theoretical or actual vertical line that crosses the center of cavity and there may or may not be a physical structure that corresponds to part or the entire vertical axis.

[0042] The heating element may, for example, protrude up to 90%, up to 80%, up to 70%, up to 60%, up to 50%, up to 40%, up to 30%, up to 20% or up to 10% of the way into the cavity. In some embodiments, the heating element extends along between 10% and 90% of the vertical axis of the cavity or the heating element extends along between 25% and 80% of the vertical axis of the cavity or the heating element extends along between 35% and 60% of the vertical axis of the cavity.

[0043] In one embodiment, the heating element is in the form of or is attached to a structure such as post or rod that is perpendicular to or from up to 20 degrees, up to 30 degrees, up to 40 degrees, up to 50 degrees, up to 60 degrees, or up to 70 degrees from the vertical axis. In some embodiments, the heating element is positioned at an angle of at least 5 degrees, at least 10 degrees, or at least 20 degrees from the vertical axis of the cavity.

[0044] In some embodiments there is only one heating element per dispensing unit.

In other embodiments, there may be an additional heating element at one or more other locations, for example, around or near the nozzle or the walls of the cavity.

[0045] The inclusion of the heating element along part of the entire vertical axis is particularly beneficial when the cartridge has a regular or irregular donut shape or a partial concave region that can arc around the heating element. This type of cartridge can thread or partially thread or nest the post that is associated with the heating element. As persons of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, by placing the heating element in this location, it will have desirable exposure to the cartridge and thus heat will readily be transferred to the cartridge and its contents. Additionally or alternatively, one or more heating elements could be situated at one or more locations along the walls of the cavity described below. Additionally or alternatively, one or more heating elements could be situated at or proximate to the nozzle described below.

[0046] Irises

[0047] The irises of the present invention are designed to be able to constrict and thereby narrow a cross-section of a cavity. When a dispensing cartridge is present, the constricting of the iris will introduce force and thereby cause movement of the particles within a cartridge situated within a cavity, as well as circulate air that is present within the cartridge. Each dispensing unit has its own iris, and each iris may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of metal (e.g., aluminum), plastic, or a combination thereof. One or more elements of the iris, e.g. , the blades may have a covering of plastic, rubber, mesh, or paper or a combination thereof. The iris is a mechanical device and may be referred to as a mechanical iris. Although the device is mechanical, its actions may be controlled by a computer or chip.

[0048] Structurally, in some embodiments, the mechanical iris is in the form of layers of moving arcs that allow for small, medium, large, or closed apertures depending upon the instructions received from a processor and the design of the iris. The arcs may be in the form of blades and open and close via a rotating wheel and lock. The iris may be part of a valve body and associated with a motorized mechanism that causes it to increase and decrease its aperture.

[0049] The aperture of the iris defines a lumen that may be a regular or an irregular shape. For example, the lumen may be a circle, an oval, an ellipse, a square, a pentagon, or any other polygon. In some embodiments, when the iris is open, the boundary of the lumen forms a boundary of a cross-section of the cavity and defines part of the walls of the cavity.

[0050] The iris may be configured such that its lumen may be repeatedly opened and closed in response to instructions received from a controller or processor. In some embodiments, the iris may have a first position and second position, wherein the first position is a maximum open position of its lumen and the second position is a minimum open position of its lumen, which in some systems is a closed position, whereas in other systems the minimum open position has a non-zero diameter, e.g., at least 0.1 mm or at least 1 mm or at least 5 mm.

[0051] The iris is capable of moving repeatedly between the first position and the second position. When in the second position, the iris decreases a cross-section of the cavity. In some embodiments, the second position of the iris is a completely closed position that prevents any movement of chemical components, and in some circumstances, when a cartridge is present causes constriction of the walls of the cartridge such that opposite sides are forced together or as close together as possible given the volume of components contained therein and the material of the walls of the cartridge. In other embodiments, the second position of the iris is not completely closed but reduces the diameter of the lumen by at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30%, at least 40%, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, or at least 90%, of the diameter that corresponds to the first position.

[0052] The iris may receive instructions to move one or more times between the two positions, or between the first position and a position that is between the first position and the second position. For example, the lumen may be reduced by up to 90% or up to 80% or up to 70% or up to 60% or up to 50% or up to 40% or up to 30% or up to 20% or up to 10%. The number of times that the iris moves and how much the lumen changes may be determined by a processor that considers one or more if not all of the characteristics of the contents of a container that is present in the cavity, the history of use of the iris, and the amount of the contents. It may also depend on whether a heating element is present and the current and previous use of the heating element in connection with a particular dispensing cartridge. The operation of the heating element may also be controlled by the processor. With respect to activation of the heating element, the processor considers one or more if not all of the characteristics of the contents of a container that are present in the cavity, the amount of the contents, and the previous use of the heating element with a particular dispensing cartridge.

[0053] In some embodiments, the lumen (defined by the aperture) created by the iris is in a plane, and the heating element may protrude into the cavity along an axis that is perpendicular to the plane in which the iris moves between a first position and a second position. In other embodiments, the heating element is oriented along an axis that forms an angle of at least 45 degrees and less than 90 degrees or at least 55 degrees and less than 80 degrees relative to the plane of the iris. When the heating element extends into the cavity, it may or may not extend through the plane in which the iris lies. If it does extend through that plane, then the second position of the iris may define an aperture with a diameter that is larger than the cross-section of the heating element.

[0054] Cavity

[0055] The cavity is the space that the walls of an outer shell of the dispensing unit may form. The outer shell’s walls may be formed by a reversibly separable upper shell 110 and lower shell 111. To be reversibly separable the components are capable associating and disassociating (completely or in part) a plurality of times without destroying the integrity of either component. In some embodiments, the upper shell may be raised while the bottom shell may remain stationary. When separated, they are preferably a sufficient distance apart that one is able to insert a cartridge in the bottom shell and then lower the upper shell so that the upper shell and the bottom shell are associated. When the system is in use, i.e., when components are being dispensed, the upper and lower shells are associated and thus at their closest positions to each other.

[0056] The cavity may be defined by a height, which refers to the distance from the top of the cavity to the bottom of the cavity. In some embodiments, the height is 2 cm to 30 cm or 5 cm to 20 cm or 10 cm to 15 cm. The cavity may also be defined by a width (side to side) and depth (front to back), which may be the same or different. In some embodiments each independently is 1 cm to 15 cm or 2 cm to 10 cm.

[0057] The shape of the cavity may be regular or irregular. In some embodiments, the sides of the cavity are completely or partially cylindrical, conical, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the horizontal cross-section of the cavity is circular. For example, the cavity may in part be cylindrical and then tapered when moving toward the bottom of the cavity. In one embodiment, the horizontal cross- section of the cavity is circular with a uniform radius over an upper part defined by the upper shell and a decreasing radius over a lower part e.g., defined by the bottom shell.

[0058] In some embodiments, the iris 130 as shown in figure 1 is associated with the upper shell. In these embodiments, the iris will be raised with the upper shell when the upper shell is raised. Alternatively, the iris may be associated with the bottom shell and remain stationary when the upper shell is raised. Further, regardless of whether associated with the upper shell or the bottom shell, in some embodiments, the iris is located at a position that is in the lower one-half or lower one-third or lower one-quarter of the cavity.

[0059] Persons of ordinary skill in the art will recognize that the system may be configured such that instead of the upper shell be configured to be raised, the bottom shell is configured to be lowered. Alternatively, the system can be configured so that both can be moved, i.e., the upper shell raised and the bottom shell lowered. Further, although the aforementioned embodiments are described in terms of movement in one dimension, the system may be configured such that either or both components move in two or three dimensions. Additionally, in other embodiments, separation may be by a hinge, e.g., as a clamshell.

[0060] Each dispensing unit forms its own cavity. In some embodiments, each upper shell and bottom shell may be associated and disassociated separately. In other embodiments, all upper shells and bottom shells are associated and disassociated collectively. In still other embodiments, the system is configured such that one may associate and disassociate upper and bottom shells individually or collectively. [0061] The upper and bottom shells when associated (/._<?., at their closest relative to each other), may abut each other, or they may have a space between them. When they have a space, that space may, for example, be between 1 mm and 10 cm or between 5 mm and 5 cm.

[0062] Each of the upper shell and bottom shell may have a rim at the locations at which they abut or are at their closest. In some embodiments, the rims are coated with or comprise plastic, rubber, silicone, or a combination thereof.

[0063] The heating element 120 may extend into the cavity 100. As shown in figure 1, the iris 130 circumscribes a cross-section of the outer sell and the cavity that it defines at a location lower than the heating element.

[0064] The bottom shell 111 contains an attachment element with which reciprocal members (if present) of a container (which collectively may be referred to as an attachment mechanism) may be associated. As shown in the figure, the attachment element 140 is comprised of screw threads. In another embodiment, the entire attachment mechanism is comprised of teeth that are part of the dispensing unit. Also shown is a nozzle 150 for dispensing, which may be at the bottom of the lower shell or connected to the lower shell of the dispensing unit by tubing or other connection structure.

[0065] In some embodiments, the top and bottom shells may be rigid over all areas except where as described below, the iris constricts. Thus, in some embodiments, the shells may, for example, comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of a rigid metal, plastic, glass, metal or a combination thereof over the regions that the iris does not constrict, and over the region to be constricted comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of silicone or a flexible plastic or another flexible material and or moveable material that will allow for constriction. Alternately, the top shell, the bottom shell, or both of the top shell and the bottom shell may comprise, consist essentially of, or consist of silicone or another flexible material that allows for the constriction of it within the cartridge as described below. In one example, there is a band of flexible material between two zones of inflexible material. Thus, in some embodiments, the top and bottom shells may be rigid over all areas except where the iris constricts, and each of the upper rigid portion and the lower rigid portion independently corresponds to at least 2%, at least 5%, at least 10%, at least 20%, at least 30% or at least 40% of the dispensing cartridge.

[0066] Figure 7 shows a dispensing unit in which an iris 775 is located within a bottom shell. The rim of the upper shell 710 is vertically higher than the iris, as is the heating element 720, and the majority of the cavity 700 that is formed by the upper shell and the bottom shell.

[0067] Motors

[0068] In some embodiments, the dispensing unit may comprise a motor as well as one or both of a heating element and an iris. The movement of the motor may be controlled by a microprocessor that causes it to move in various patterns and according to various rhythms. These motors may, for example, be vibratory motors and be present in addition to any motor that is associated with any iris that is present.

[0069] Figure 2 shows a motor 235 within a dispensing unit that is otherwise configured the same as the unit of figure 1. There, a motor partially circumscribes the cavity 200. As shown, it is located at a height above the iris 230, above the lowest point of the heating element 220, and within the outer shell 210. For reference, also shown are screw threads 240 on the bottom shell and the nozzle 250, which may be located at a distance from the bottom (lower) shell.

[0070] Figure 3 shows an alternative placement of a motor 335. Here, the motor is around the heating element 320 as it extends into the cavity 300 within the vertical region defined by the outer shell 310. As with in figure 2, the iris 330 is at a location that is lower than the heating element. Again for reference, also shown are the screw threads 340 on the bottom shell and the nozzle 350, which may be located at a distance from the bottom (lower) shell.

[0071] The vibratory motors are capable of agitating the cartridges in order to more efficiently deliver product therefrom. Vibration is advantageous because it can help to keep solids in solutions, mix the contents of solutions, and dislodge aggregates and break apart materials that are clumped together or to the sides of containers.

[0072] The motor may also cause the movement of air within a cartridge. Examples of motors that may be of use are sonic motors and rotary motors, such as an eccentric rotating mass (ERM) actuator that consists of an unbalanced weight attached to a motor shaft, in which as the shaft rotates, the spinning of the irregular mass causes the actuator, and in turn the attached device to shake. By way of further examples, one may use a piezoelectric actuator as part of a piezo motor (e.g., the Piezo LEGS® Linear 6N Standard with position sensor as sold by PiezoMotor Uppsala AB) or a linear resonant actuator (LRA).

[0073] Dispensing Cartridge

[0074] Figure 4 shows a dispensing cartridge that is housed within the cavity of the dispensing unit of the present invention. The cartridge 465 itself holds one or more ingredients 455. Each cartridge may contain at least one of a powder or a liquid, and there may be a plurality of cartridges that each contains different ingredients that correspond to or enable the creation of different formulations, shades, tints, or hues of colors or pigments that can be dispensed in preselected proportions to create customized products. The contents may be organic or inorganic compounds or compositions or combinations thereof. These contents may be ingredients for, for example, cosmetics, such as lipsticks, foundations, blush, etc., or for creams, lotions, ointments, sera, or other solutions, suspensions, gels, or solids.

[0075] Each cartridge is of a shape that allows it to sit within the cavity without displacing any heating element 420 that is present. Thus, the exterior surface of the cartridge may have a concave region that is configured to accommodate the heating element. Within figure 4 a cross-section of the cartridge is shown so that the placement of the heating element is visible to the reader. However, the cartridge may be symmetrical over 360 degrees around its vertical axis so that when the heating element is within the cavity, part or all of it would not be visible. The other exterior surfaces of the cartridge may be partially or completely contoured to be the same as the inner surfaces of the upper shell 410 and the lower shell 411.

[0076] The cartridge may also contain screw threads that allow for threading and attachment to the screw threads 440 of the bottom shell. Positioning of the cartridge is such that ultimately, the contents of the cartridge may be dispensed through the nozzle 450. As shown, the iris 430 circumscribes the outer shell beneath the bottom of the concave region of the cartridge. In other embodiments, the iris circumscribes the outer shell above the concave region of the cartridge.

[0077] Some cartridges are rigid, while others are semi-rigid or non-rigid and thus compressible, at least in part. These cartridges may, for example, be made of plastic, silicone, rubber or a combination thereof. Examples of liquid packaging containers that may be used for the cartridge are those formed from or containing, comprising, consisting essentially of, or consisting of duPont’ s nucrel® ethylene acrylic acid copolymer, duPont’ s bynel® adhesive resin, or duPont’ s surlyn® ionomer resin or a combination thereof.

[0078] The volume of each of the cartridges within a system may be uniform or vary. For example, a cartridge may have a volume of about 0.1 to about 1 liter, or about 0.2 to about 0.5 liters. In some embodiments, each cartridge has a sufficient volume that a plurality of formulations can be created prior to replacing a cartridge. Additionally, in some embodiments, the volume of the cartridge is at least 2% or at least 5% or at least 10% less than the volume of the cavity.

[0079] Figure 5 shows the dispensing unit of figure 4 with the iris 530 partially contracted. The constriction moves the contents 555 of the cartridge 565, which, when repeated, moves air and particles, and thus, allows them to flow more efficiently. As shown, the upper shell 510 is also constricted. Heating element 520 may further aid in the flow of the contents as thermal energy is transferred to the contents within the bag.

[0080] Because the cartridge has been thread by its screw threads 535 into reciprocal threads 540 of the dispensing unit, the cartridge will retain its orientation and product will be able flow through the nozzle 550.

[0081] Figure 6 shows a cartridge that is not within a dispensing unit. Its outside surface 620 defines a shape that is wider at the top than at the bottom. It also has a concave outer surface region 680 that is configured to receive the heating element. Further, the figure shows the screw threads 635 that will allow for attachment to the dispensing unit. In some embodiments, the depth of the concave regions may, for example, be such that its bottom point is 0.1 mm to 20 mm or 0.5 to 10 mm or 1 to 5 mm below the lowest point of the heating element. [0082] Along the outer wall is a code, e.g., bar code, QR code, NFC tag, RFID tag, or GPS tag 660 that corresponds to one or more characteristics of the contents of the cartridge, e.g., chemical substance, color, rheology property, geolocation of cartridge, and date packaged. Persons of ordinary skill in the art will recognize the benefits of including a code. For example, a system that can detect the geolocation of the cartridge and is in communication with sensors or weather data can adjust formulations based on factors such as ambient humidity.

[0083] In order to allow for removal of the contents, there may be a retractable needle 630 and a spring 640 to facilitate retraction.

[0084] In some embodiments, the dispensing cartridge consists, consists essentially of, or comprises a flexible material. In some embodiments, the dispensing cartridge is made of flexible material (e.g., a flexible plastic or silicone) over an upper portion and a rigid material over a lower portion, wherein the upper portion includes at least the region that corresponds to where the iris constricts, and the lower portion corresponds to at least 2%, at least 5%, at least 10%, or at least 20% of the dispensing cartridge.

In another embodiment, the dispensing cartridge is made of flexible material in a lower portion and a rigid material over an upper portion, wherein the lower portion includes at least the region that corresponds to where the iris constricts, and the lower portion corresponds to at least 2%, at least 5%, at least 10%, or at least 20% of the dispensing cartridge.

[0085] By way of non-limiting examples, each cartridge may contain at least one of a powder, a liquid, or solid pellets, and there may be a plurality of product containers that each contains different ingredients. One or more ingredients may, for example, be ingredients for any of the following: lip color compositions, pigment compositions, flavoring compositions, foundation compositions, concealer compositions, contouring compositions, mascara compositions, color gel compositions, cosmetic color stain compositions, skin care compositions, moisturizing compositions, dental bleaching compositions, hair removal compositions, bronzer compositions, body shimmer compositions, hair shimmer/color compositions, hair styling foam compositions, wet/dry shampoo compositions, hair conditioner compositions, scalp treatment compositions, makeup remover compositions, nail polish compositions, nail polish remover compositions, acne treatment compositions, hair bleaching compositions, antibacterial compositions, deodorant compositions, perfume compositions, sun protection compositions, exfoliation compositions or anti-aging compositions shaving cream compositions, cream blush, cream rouge, skin cream, camouflage cream, massage cream, cream foundation, eye cream, rejuvenating eye cream, rejuvenating compositions, collagen cream, moisturizing cream, makeup removal cream, candle compositions or the like.

[0086] Pumps

[0087] Optionally, the cosmetic dispensing system may further comprise a pump. The pump may be configured to introduce air into the cartridge, which may be particularly useful when dispensing powders.

[0088] Trays

[0089] In some embodiments, the cosmetic dispensing system is designed such that a plurality of irises is located in a tray. For example, a plurality of irises may be located in one or more rows or around a circle. In one example, the tray has a wheel carousel structure.

[0090] When the irises are in the tray, they may form or be part of the bottom shell that helps to define the cavity. Further, the screw threads or other attachment elements may be above or below the iris.

[0091] Metering, Sensors, and Readers

[0092] The systems of the present invention may also contain metering features. In some embodiments, the metering features are configured to identify attributes of contents of cartridges when they are located within cavities. By way of example, the systems may comprise one or more optical sensors, wherein the optical sensor (or each optical sensor) is capable of measuring the contents of a cartridge at any given time or upon request. They may also further comprise a relay element, wherein the relay element is capable transmitting information from the optical sensor to a local or remote central processing unit (“CPU”) or server or the cloud or a mobile device. [0093] A different type of sensor that may be incorporated is one or more weight sensors. Preferably, the weight sensor (or each weight senor), if present is capable of measuring the contents of a cartridge. As with an optical sensor, when there is a weight sensor, there may also be a relay element, wherein the relay element is capable transmitting information from the optical sensor to a local or remote CPU or server or the cloud or mobile device. With both the weight sensor technology and the optical sensor technology and by way of non-limiting examples, there may be one sensor for the system, or a sensor associated with each cavity.

[0094] Optionally, there may be one or both of a temperature gauge and a temperature sensor.

[0095] The system may also contain a reader. The reader may be located in or be associated with the dispensing unit and thus capable of reading information from codes of the cartridges or elements of the dispensing unit. In some embodiments, the reader is within a mobile device or tablet, e.g., when in use in combination with NFC technology. The reader is capable of reading a code on the cartridge and is coupled wirelessly or through a wire to a processor or the cloud in order to relay information about the contents of the cartridge. In some embodiments, each dispensing unit has a reader, in other embodiments there exists one reader for the system or one reader for a plurality of dispensing units. When there is one reader for a plurality of dispensing units, the system may be designed to cause each dispensing unit to move passed the reader or the reader to move passed each dispensing unit in order to extract information from the code of each cartridge.

[0096] Nozzles, Tubing, and Dispensers

[0097] The systems of the present invention may also comprise one, two, or all three of a nozzle, tubing, and a dispenser. The nozzle is the element that allows for access to the contents of the cartridge. Examples of components that may form a nozzle are a needle, grooved metal surface, tubing affixed to a spray pump, a syringe, a suction pump and combinations thereof. The nozzle may dilate or constrict depending upon the property and characteristics of the material to be dispensed. The nozzle may contain a spring to keep the opening in the lumen in order to maintain patent access. Each nozzle is capable of dispensing contents from a cartridge into a receptacle or to one or more elements that transfer the component to the receptacle.

[0098] Tubing may connect the nozzle to a dispenser. The tubing may for example be a rigid or flexible hollow tube comprised of, consisting essentially of, or consisting of plastic, polyurethane, silicone, glass, metal, paper and/or a combination thereof.

[0099] The dispenser is the structure that allows for transfer from the tubing to a receptacle when a nozzle does not otherwise directly transfer components from the cartridge to a receptacle. Thus, the receptacle may be located at a place where it is capable of receiving the liquid or powder that passes through the dispenser. A plurality of components from different cartridges can be combined, through, for example, a mixing element that is capable of mixing the contents of the receptacle. Optionally, the receptacle is situated on or is automatically or manually transferred to a mixing station. Further, there may be a cooling apparatus, e.g., a fan that is located near the receptacle and configured to cool the receptacle before, after or during mixing, or at a combination of these times. Additionally or alternatively, there may be a cooling element located at or near the heating element, e.g., at or near the top of the cavity. As persons of ordinary skill in the art will recognize, after a receptacle receives the desired components, the receptacle can be removed and manually or through automation a new receptacle can be positioned to receive components for a new formulation. In some embodiments, one formulation is created at a time, while in other embodiments a plurality of the same or different formulations are created at the same time. In the latter case, there are locations for a plurality of receptacles to be placed in order to receive their respective components.

[00100] Hardware and Computing Devices

[00101] The dispensing systems may be housed in a frame or optionally enclosed or partially enclosed by panels that are opaque, transparent or at least partially transparent or include cutouts or windows. One or more of suitable venting, filters, scrubbers and fume extractors may also be present.

[00102] The dispensing systems of the present invention may be configured to be activated locally or remotely or both locally and remotely. Further they may be capable of being activated by a wired or a wireless communication system. Preferably an interactive computer system is a part of or in controlled communication with the cosmetic dispensing system. Thus, circuitry and/or wireless communication systems, e.g., chips coupled to transceivers may be coupled to allow for control of the system and the various components. Thus, the instructions may be received wirelessly and comprise information corresponding to an amount of ingredients to flow through the nozzle.

[00103] Optionally, a colorimeter, spectrophotometer, webcam, camera, mobile device, mobile app, scanner, wearable device, or other user interface (e.g., touch screen, display, monitor, keyboard or other peripheral equipment) is associated with the system for analyzing color, examining characteristics of skin, hair, scalp, nails, lips, and teeth and interfacing with the computer.

[00104] Use of such hardware and a computer or computing device allows a customer to custom choose a color and/or effect, information about which will be communicated to the dispenser, which then dispenses the appropriate proportions of the ingredients pursuant to information stored in a database library or otherwise programmed system. If the information is not present within the preprogrammed library, then a minimum of two values are identified and combined to create a new value in the database library, thus creating an artificial intelligence program. In another embodiment, the system includes a remote communication system, whereby a user communicates, such as via the Internet, with the computer controlling the dispensing system and selects and can purchase a custom product.

[00105] Methods of Use

[00106] According to another embodiment, one may insert a plurality of cartridges into a system for dispensing chemical ingredients comprising a plurality of dispensing units, wherein each dispensing unit comprises: a heating element, an iris, and a cavity. In each dispensing unit, the heating element may protrude into the cavity.

[00107] The iris has a first position and second position. The first position is a maximum open position and the second position is a minimum open position or a closed position. The iris is capable of moving between the first position and the second position. When in the second position, the iris decreases a cross-section of the cavity.

[00108] Each cartridge may have a code that is read by one or more readers. The readers transmit information about contents of the cartridge wirelessly or via a wired route to a storage device or network. This information is analyzed and stored locally or remotely, on a hard drive, on a network, or in a cloud.

[00109] After the system is loaded with a plurality of cartridges, a user may activate the system through a user interface on the system or remotely, through for example a smartphone or tablet. In some embodiments, a user activates an app, and takes a picture of her skin through the use of tablet. The app may transmit the information wirelessly, e.g., through the cloud to a cosmetic dispensing system that is configured to receive the communication. The communication may first be analyzed by the app, in the cloud, on a network or at the cosmetic dispensing device. The analysis will result in a chemical formulation.

[00110] The cosmetic dispensing device will then, through its own

communication system, e.g. , its circuitry causes a specific amount of a plurality of ingredients to be dispensing through valves, nozzles, tubing and dispensers into a receptacle. Thus, upon receipt of instructions for a formulation, the apparatus, (cosmetic dispensing system) dispenses product, and particularly ingredients for a custom cosmetic formulation from a plurality of cartridges. In order to facilitate dispensing, one or more of the heating element, the iris and the vibratory motor, if present, may be activated.

[00111] In one embodiment, it is contemplated that information about purchaser preferences can be compiled in a database, e.g. , for real-time analysis. Thereafter, the data is queried or otherwise analyzed for evaluating demographic correlations, as well as consumer color preference data, product trends, and inventory calculations. In this manner, for instance, the information would provide valuable assistance to retailers and manufacturers (particularly those who do not employ point of sale color selection), who would rely upon such information to make decisions concerning the quantities of inventory of a color or effect to stock or to manufacture.

[00112] System Control [00113] The systems of the present invention may be automated and controlled by one more computing devices and/or algorithms. Thus, there may be one or more information retrieval devices. These one or more information retrieval devices may be or include a radio frequency identification device, wearable technology, mobile device (with an appropriate app), virtual augmentation device, thumb print recognition device, facial recognition device, biometric calculations device, and voice recognition device. Additionally, in some embodiments, these devices detect and/or analyze and/or retrieve information about one or more of DNA, RNA, sweat, serotonin, dopamine, heart rate, blood pressure, pulse, UV light, virtual reality, user input through questionnaire, user input through an icon, position, number, photo representation of a product and the like. Further, is some embodiments, the devices are location technologies such as a beacon, geometric, GPS and the like, or devices that analyze a photograph taken at a delivery system and a photograph uploaded to a dispenser from a computer or mobile device, media or photo selected on the internet or taken by a personal device. The one or more informational retrieval devices may store information relating to the amount of products purchased, consumed, or dispensed from the dispensing apparatus.

[00114] Additionally, the one or more information retrieval devices may be configured to make recommendations of ingredients to be dispensed from the dispensing apparatus based upon information stored in the one or more informational retrieval devices. Alternatively, the one or more information retrieval devices may be coupled to processors or computer program products and databases to make recommendations of ingredients to be dispensed from the dispensing apparatus based upon information stored in the one or more informational retrieval devices.

[00115] The systems of the present invention may transfer a product to a user after a product is ordered via a mobile device, online, or after a user has moved away from the apparatus and then returned to the apparatus after a lapsed period of time. A product may be transferred to a user once a signal is received from the information retrieval device.

[00116] The system of the present teachings may be in communication with one or more peripheral devices. The peripheral device may be an input device or the peripheral device may be an output device. Further, the peripheral device may be both an input/output device. The peripheral devices may, for example, be selected from the group consisting of: keyboards, computer mice, tablets, touchscreens, barcode readers, image scanners, microphones, webcams, game controllers, light pens, drones, digital cameras, computer displays, printers, projectors, and computer speakers.

[00117] The functions performed by the above input and output devices may be divided among multiple devices or integrated into a single device. Further, the input devices may directly communicate with the dispensing apparatus or indirectly communicate via an additional medium (e.g., a computer). Each of the respective components may be controlled independently, through its own control system, or by way of one or more computers.

[00118] The dispensed product, i.e., the product in the receptacle may be a sample size, small, medium, large or extra-large amount as defined by the algorithm associated with the custom cosmetic and the final receptacle and/or substrate to which the product is delivered. The quantity maybe selected by the user during the initial retrieval device calculation and assessment.

[00119] In some embodiments, the system may be located at point of sale, in a retail environment, at a kiosk, or at a pop-up site. In some embodiments, the system is located at or controlled through a home device, a portable device, or a remotely located interface or device at a hotel location, in a car, on a plane, on a boat, on a cruise ship, in a grocery store, or at a workout facility.

[00120] The computer employed in or used to control the system of the present invention preferably has a database stored in its memory or is otherwise programmed such that the entry of a particular color selection or other feature into the computer will retrieve information about the specific proportions of shades, tints or hues necessary for dispensing to achieve the ultimate desired color (e.g., the specific recipe associated with the color). The computer may also be equipped with a suitable mathematical integration feature such that, where a color selected finds no exact formula or recipe match, the computer will calculate the formula or recipe by reference to data associated with nearby colors. The information within or obtained by the computer or computing device may be sent to or used to control the dispensing units in order to obtain a desired formulation. [00121] Any of the features of the various embodiments described herein can be used in conjunction with features described in connection with any other embodiments disclosed unless otherwise specified. Thus, features described in connection with the various or specific embodiments are not to be construed as not being appropriate for use in connection with other embodiments disclosed herein, unless such exclusivity is explicitly stated or implicit from context. Additionally, headers are used for the convenience of the reader and do not limit the scope of the invention.

Claims

Claims

1. A system for dispensing chemical components, said system comprising a plurality of dispensing units, wherein each dispensing unit comprises:

(a) a heating element,

(b) an iris, and

(c) a cavity,

wherein the heating element protrudes into the cavity, and the iris has a first position and a second position, wherein the first position is a maximum open position and the second position is a minimum open position or a closed position and the iris is capable of moving between the first position and the second position and when in the second position, a cross-section of the cavity is smaller than when the iris is in the first position.

2. The system of claim 1 , wherein the heating element protrudes into the cavity along an axis that is perpendicular to a plane in which the iris moves between the first position and the second position.

3. The system of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the iris is located at a position in the lower one-half of the cavity.

4. The system of any of claims 1 to 3 further comprising a cooling element.

5. The system of claim 4, wherein the cooling element is a fan.

6. The system of any of claims 1 to 5, wherein heating element extends along at least part of a vertical axis of the cavity.

7. The system of claim 6, wherein the heating element extends along between 25% and 80% of the vertical axis of the cavity.

8. The system of any of claims 1 to 7 further comprising an outer shell, wherein the outer shell defines outer walls of the cavity.

9. The system of any of claims 1 to 8 further comprising a vibratory motor.

10. The system of claim 9, wherein the vibratory motor is housed in the outer shell.

11. The system of claim 9, wherein the vibratory motor is located adjacent to the heating element.

12. The system of claim 1 further comprising a dispensing cartridge.

13. The system of any claim 12, wherein the dispensing cartridge is compressible.

14. The system of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the dispensing cartridge contains a powder.

15. The system of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the dispensing cartridge contains a liquid.

16. The system of claim 12 or claim 13, wherein the dispensing cartridge comprises a dispensing needle.

17. The system of claim 16, wherein the dispensing needle is retractable.

18. The system of claim 17, wherein the dispensing cartridge comprises a spring.

19. The system of claim 1, wherein each dispensing unit comprises or connects to a reader, wherein the reader is capable of reading a code on a dispensing cartridge.

20. The system of claim 19 further comprising the dispensing cartridge, wherein the code contains information about the contents of the dispensing cartridge.

21. The system of any of claims 1 to 20, wherein each iris located within an iris tray.

22. The system of claim 20, wherein each reader is capable of communicating the code to a processing system.

23. The system of claim 22, wherein each iris is capable of receiving instructions from the processing system and moving one or more times between the first position and the second position in response to the instructions.

24. The system of any of claims 1 to 23, wherein each dispensing unit further comprises a nozzle, wherein each nozzle is capable of dispensing contents from a dispensing cartridge into a receptacle.

25. The system of claim 1 further comprising a plurality of dispensing cartridges, wherein each dispensing cartridge is located within a different dispensing unit.

26. The system of claim 25, wherein each dispensing cartridge contains a first attachment element in the lower 30 percent of the dispensing cartridge and the first attachment element is located along an outer surface of the dispensing cartridge.

27. The system of claim 26, wherein the first attachment element comprises a screw thread.

28. The system of claim 27, wherein each dispensing unit comprises a second attachment element, wherein the second attachment element is capable of engaging the first attachment element.

29. The system of claim 25, wherein each dispensing cartridge is attached to the dispensing unit at only one location.

30. A method creating a formulation comprising:

(a) inserting a plurality of dispensing cartridges into a system for dispensing chemical ingredients, wherein the system comprises a plurality of dispensing units, wherein each dispensing unit comprises: a heating element, an iris, and a cavity;

wherein the heating element protrudes into the cavity, and the iris has a first position and second position, wherein the first position is a maximum open position and the second position is a minimum open position and the iris is capable of moving between the first position and the second position and when moved from the first position to the second position, this iris decreases a cross-section of the cavity, and (b) transferring a different amount of ingredients from at least two different dispensing cartridges into a receptacle. 31. The method of claim 30 further comprising activating the heating element of at least one dispensing unit.

32. The method of claim 31 further comprising opening and closing the iris of at least one dispensing unit.

33. The method of claim 32, where each dispensing unit further comprises a

vibratory motor.

34. The method of claim 33 further comprising activating the vibratory motor of at least one dispensing unit.

(b) transferring a different amount of ingredients from at least two different dispensing cartridges into a receptacle.

531. The method of claim 30 further comprising activating the heating element of at least one dispensing unit.

32. The method of claim 31 further comprising opening and closing the iris of at least one dispensing unit.

0

33. The method of claim 32, where each dispensing unit further comprises a vibratory motor.

34. The method of claim 33 further comprising activating the vibratory motor of5 at least one dispensing unit.

29