[go: up one dir, main page]
More Web Proxy on the site http://driver.im/

WO2019201093A1 - 一种安全型静脉留置针 - Google Patents

一种安全型静脉留置针 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
WO2019201093A1
WO2019201093A1 PCT/CN2019/081278 CN2019081278W WO2019201093A1 WO 2019201093 A1 WO2019201093 A1 WO 2019201093A1 CN 2019081278 W CN2019081278 W CN 2019081278W WO 2019201093 A1 WO2019201093 A1 WO 2019201093A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
needle
handle
vertical
sleeve
needle holder
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/CN2019/081278
Other languages
English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
董东生
Original Assignee
北京仰生恒泰科技有限责任公司
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by 北京仰生恒泰科技有限责任公司 filed Critical 北京仰生恒泰科技有限责任公司
Publication of WO2019201093A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019201093A1/zh

Links

Images

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61M—DEVICES FOR INTRODUCING MEDIA INTO, OR ONTO, THE BODY; DEVICES FOR TRANSDUCING BODY MEDIA OR FOR TAKING MEDIA FROM THE BODY; DEVICES FOR PRODUCING OR ENDING SLEEP OR STUPOR
    • A61M5/00—Devices for bringing media into the body in a subcutaneous, intra-vascular or intramuscular way; Accessories therefor, e.g. filling or cleaning devices, arm-rests
    • A61M5/14—Infusion devices, e.g. infusing by gravity; Blood infusion; Accessories therefor
    • A61M5/158—Needles for infusions; Accessories therefor, e.g. for inserting infusion needles, or for holding them on the body

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a safety type intravenous indwelling needle, belonging to the technical field of medical instruments.
  • Venous puncture and associated intravenous infusion are the most common techniques commonly used in clinical departments. When the infusion time is long, the indwelling needle with flexible cannula is most often used. The flexible cannula during the indwelling eliminates the piercing of the tip of the needle.
  • the degree of venous curvature, venous valve distribution, etc. are all very different; individualized venipuncture must also consider the individualization of nurse operation.
  • the venipuncture process using the indwelling needle initially disinfects the skin near the puncture point, then the finger of one hand is mainly the thumb to tighten the skin, and the other hand needle penetrates the sharp tip of the needle into the skin at a suitable angle to the skin. Then break through the vein wall, the needle hole of the tip of the needle tip enters the venous lumen, the venous pressure pushes the blood into the needle tube through the inclined pinhole, and sees the red blood inflow in the needle window or the transparent needle seat or the transparent hose. It is also called blood return, as the basis for judging the needle hole of the slope into the venous lumen; this blood return method is venous pressure-dependent passive blood return.
  • Sensitive like the pinhole of the inclined surface of the venous valve, the unidirectional flow control of the venous valve makes it difficult for blood to flow into the needle; and the inclined surface of the pinhole is close to the vein wall to prevent blood from entering the needle; or the slope of the pinhole is located Venous bending; when these unreturned blood is present, the operator usually thinks that the pinhole has not yet entered the venous lumen, which will further advance the needle so that the tip of the needle that has entered the venous lumen from one side of the venous wall is easily accessible from the opposite side.
  • the venous wall is worn out, that is, the vein is penetrated by the needle, which leads to the failure of venipuncture, which seriously affects the infusion of drugs and liquids, especially the emergency drug or blood can not enter the venous lumen at the first time, which may lead to rapid death or irreversible organs. Depletion.
  • the clinical operation mostly holds the horizontal blade-like handle connected by the indwelling needle hub, the thumb is on the upper index finger, and the index finger below the needle holder inevitably contacts the skin of the adjacent puncture point just after disinfection.
  • the index finger When there is microbe on the index finger, it is easy to contaminate the puncture point and lead to tube-related bloodstream infection (CRBSI) (a large number of clinical reports have been reported); and the index finger between the skin and the needle holder also affects the needle angle during operation.
  • CBSI tube-related bloodstream infection
  • the venous pressure-dependent passive blood return method makes it difficult to see blood return when the patient has low venous pressure or other related conditions.
  • the tip of the needle that has entered the venous lumen continues to advance through the vein wall, resulting in failure of the puncture.
  • the method of holding the needle handle by two fingers is poor in stability, and it is difficult to meet the individualized needs of the nurse operation.
  • the present invention provides a safe type venous indwelling needle.
  • a safe venous indwelling needle comprising: a rigid needle for piercing the skin and the vein wall, a needle holder for securing the bottom end portion of the needle; a flexible sleeve, one sealed to the bottom end of the sleeve a connected cannula seat having a hollow side branch connected to the infusion hose, and a resilient isolation plug located in the extension of the tubular cannula seat divides the lumen of the cannula into the front cavity and the back cavity; The front end surface forms the bottom of the front cavity, the rear end surface of the isolation plug forms the top of the rear cavity, and the front cavity is the infusion cavity.
  • the liquid medicine flowing through the inner cavity of the infusion hose enters the anterior cavity of the inner cavity of the sleeve through the side branch.
  • the cannula lumen is inserted from the top end of the cannula into the venous lumen; the front end portion of the needle tube is located in the cannula lumen through the isolation plug; the front end portion of the needle tube is located in the anterior cavity of the cannula lumen and the lumen of the cannula holder a needle tube; the needle tube seat and the sleeve seat are sleeved with each other, and the sockets are sleeved between the cylindrical sleeve seat extension portion and the cylindrical needle tube seat body, and may be a sleeve seat extension sleeve Into the inner cavity of the needle cannula, or the sleeve of the needle cannula The sleeve seat extension portion, the sleeved portion is slidable relative to each other in
  • the operator secures the needle hub with one hand, one hand acting on the sleeve holder to drive it axially toward the needle hub, the axial axis being the central axis of the pointer tube and the sleeve, and forcing both
  • the elastic member is deformed to store the elastic potential energy, and the tip of the needle is exposed from the tip end of the sleeve covering the sleeve; the operator's finger presses the contact member of the needle holder handle in the sleeve seat area against the sleeve seat, such as pressing against the surface or
  • the member such as the groove pressed into the inside is fixed so that the relative positions of the two are fixed, and the elastic member cannot be restored.
  • the vicinity may be suspended from the side of the handle of the needle hub, either at the upper end of the handle of the needle hub or through or through the surface of the handle of the needle hub.
  • the operator judged that the tip of the needle tube may have entered the venous lumen. For example, the operator experienced a breakthrough in piercing the venous wall of one side and the venous blood pressure was insufficient. In order to accurately determine whether the needle hole at the tip of the needle tube enters the venous lumen, the operator only needs to gently reduce the pressing force of the finger on the handle of the needle hub.
  • the infusion hose is usually selected from TPE
  • the infusion hose of the pressure-receiving area is restored from the partial or total of the indented state to the infusion hose of the restored state, and the negative pressure attraction generated by partial recovery or complete restoration will be
  • the blood is actively attracted to the lumen of the needle tube, and the blood returning through the partial obstruction of the needle tube, the blood returning through the transparent or translucent sleeve is observed by the human eye in time; this blood return method is obviously active blood return, and Extremely sensitive, as long as the pinhole portion enters the venous lumen, blood can be observed, so it is "active and sensitive to return blood.”
  • the tip of the needle When the tip of the needle enters the venous lumen, lowering or releasing the pressing force of the finger on the handle of the needle can cause the sleeve to be moved away from the needle holder due to the elastic restoring force generated by the elastic potential release of the elastic member, and finally
  • the soft cannula tip is covered with a sharp needle tip, that is, the sharp needle tip is not exposed from the canopy opening; the elastic restoring force of the elastic component after deformation is larger than the elastic isolation plug of the casing cavity
  • the resistance of the needle portion which refers to the frictional resistance between the isolation plug formed during the extraction process and the outer surface of the needle tube due to the compressive force exerted by the elastic isolation plug on the portion of the needle tube passing therethrough.
  • the main body of the needle hub is cylindrical, and the sleeve portion of the same cylindrical tube having a smaller outer diameter is sleeved therein, and the needle holder seat is connected to the main body of the needle tube; specifically, the vertical needle holder
  • the handle comprises two vertical portions extending from the upper end surface of the main body of the needle hub to facilitate finger holding, wherein the vertical means that the indwelling needle tubes are placed in parallel above the horizontal plane, and the inclined surface of the tip of the needle is facing upwards
  • the needle holder handle is convenient for the finger grip to be perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the horizontal plane in the state of use of the puncture, that is, the vertical portion is perpendicular or nearly perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
  • the currently used indwelling needle hub handle is horizontally and horizontally Parallel; wherein at least one of the vertical needle holder handle and the needle hub body is a movable axial line-like connection with two radial slits, and the arcuate needle seat portion between the two radial slits is vertical
  • the curved portion of the handle of the needle hub, the curved portion is connected to the vertical portion at the upper end surface of the main body of the needle tube seat; and the inner side of the curved portion of the handle of the vertical needle holder is driven by an external force
  • Contact members that may be in contact with the extension of the casing seat may specifically include a partial projection on the inside of an arcuate portion.
  • two fingers are pressed against the two vertical needle holder handles, and the curved portions are connected in a line shape as a rotating axial sleeve.
  • the extension of the sleeve is rotated or directly compressed, until the partial protrusion on the inner side of the curved portion contacts and The surface of the sleeve seat extension is pressed so that the two cannot move relative to each other.
  • a blade-like lateral extension connected to the forward end of the vertical portion of the vertical needle hub handle.
  • the lateral extension contacting the finger enables the finger to prevent rearward movement of the needle hub when the elastic restoring force due to the release of the elastic potential energy of the elastic member, the "rear" being the opposite direction to the movement of the sleeve seat .
  • the handle further includes a blade-like lateral extension connected to the front end of the vertical portion of the vertical needle hub handle and a rearwardly bent portion connected to the lateral extension.
  • the rearward bending portion is arranged such that the two finger ends of the operator are respectively sandwiched between the vertical portion and the backward bending portion of the corresponding needle holder handle, and the finger-grip handle structure not only further improves the steering stability.
  • the finger can actively release the binding force of the contact part of the needle holder handle to the extension of the sleeve seat by pushing the backward bending portion, thereby releasing the elastic potential energy of the elastic member more quickly; the binding force is the pointer socket
  • the contact members of the handle prevent the relative axial movement of the two by compression, embedding, and the like.
  • a blade-like lateral extension connected to the front end of the vertical portion of the vertical needle hub handle and a rearwardly bent portion connected to the lateral extension, and a horizontal extension; the horizontal extension and The vertical portion, the lateral extension portion, and the upper edge of the rearwardly bent portion are connected.
  • the horizontal extension is arranged such that the two finger ends of the operator are respectively wrapped or wrapped in the vertical portion, the lateral extension portion, the rearwardly bent portion, the horizontal extension portion and the curved portion of the corresponding needle hub handle.
  • the finger-type handle structure not only enables the finger to actively drive the backward bending portion to move laterally, but also releases the binding force of the contact part of the needle holder handle to the extension of the sleeve seat, and enables the manipulation It is more stable and achieves the ideal effect of finger-handle fusion, that is, "finger-pin one.”
  • a ergonomically conformable design is that the bottom end portion of the needle tube seat is provided with a finger rest conforming to the outer contour of the finger, especially the middle finger, and the finger rest may be a separate member sleeved at the bottom end portion of the needle tube seat, or may be a needle holder
  • the portion of the bottom end portion that conforms to the contour of the outer side of the finger, the conformable portion refers to a sheet-like extension portion that is slightly inclined to the right upper side of the section C-shaped portion that is opposed to the outside of the finger.
  • One design is that the rear ends of the vertical portions of the two vertical needle hub handles are united.
  • the contact member of the vertical needle holder handle is specifically provided with at least one line-shaped rib on the inner side of the curved portion; the sleeve corresponding to the position of the line-shaped rib
  • the surface of the seat extension is provided with at least one arcuate recess that is engageable therewith.
  • a reliable and easy design of the movement of the constraining sleeve seat is that the contact member of the vertical type needle holder handle is specifically a strip-shaped inlaid protrusion on the inner side of the curved portion; corresponding position of the inlaid protrusion of the strip shape
  • the surface of the sleeve extending portion is provided with at least one limiting groove including a through groove, and the inlaid protrusion can be embedded in the limiting groove.
  • the inlaid protrusion connected to the needle tube seat is embedded in the limiting groove on the sleeve seat, the relative axial movement of the needle tube seat and the sleeve seat is restricted, and the tip end of the needle tube is exposed from the opening of the sleeve top end, and the piercing
  • the inlaid protrusion is removed from the limiting groove on the sleeve seat, and the elastic potential of the elastic member is released to push the sleeve seat away from the needle holder The direction moves, and eventually the soft cannula tip covers the sharp needle tip.
  • the main body of the needle hub is cylindrical, and the sleeve portion extending in the same cylindrical shape with a small outer diameter is sleeved therein, and the needle holder seat is connected to the main body of the needle tube; specifically, a vertical needle holder
  • the handle comprises a blade-shaped portion for facilitating finger holding from the upper end surface of the main body of the needle tube holder as a vertical portion, and a strip-shaped vertical portion free arm connected to one side of the vertical portion, and the free arm can be free arm and vertical portion
  • the linear connecting portion is axially rotated, and the inner side of the free end of the free arm is provided with a contact member, which may specifically include a strip-shaped inlaid protrusion; the side portion of the needle tube holder body corresponding to the free end of the free arm is provided with a through portion
  • the window opening area, the surface of the sleeve seat extending corresponding to the through window opening area is provided with at least one limiting groove including a through groove, and the strip
  • the vertical needle hub handle has a lateral extension, and the upper end of the lateral extension is connected with a blade-shaped forward bend, and the forward bend is provided with an opening for receiving the infusion hose.
  • the vertical needle holder handle has a lateral extension, the upper end of the lateral extension is connected with a blade-shaped forward bend, and the forward bend is provided with an opening partially accommodating the infusion hose; the upper end of the vertical portion There is a recessed area that facilitates longitudinal travel of the infusion hose.
  • a design adapted to the existing clinical nurse's "horizontal needle holding" operation habit is that the main body of the needle hub is cylindrical, and the sleeve portion of the same cylindrical tube having a smaller outer diameter is sleeved therein, and the needle holder body is placed on the body.
  • the handle of the needle holder is connected; specifically, the handle of the horizontal needle holder includes a leaf-shaped horizontal portion extending from the side of the main body of the needle holder for finger holding, and the horizontal means that the indwelling needle tube is placed in parallel above the horizontal plane.
  • the handle of the needle holder is convenient for the finger holding portion to be parallel or nearly parallel with the horizontal plane, that is, the horizontal portion is parallel or nearly parallel with the horizontal plane, and is similar to the currently used indwelling needle conformation; the upper surface of the horizontal portion is connected to the upper surface.
  • the arcuate strip-shaped horizontal free arm, the free arm can be rotated axially with the linear connecting portion of the free arm and the horizontal portion, and the inner side of the free end of the free arm is provided with a contact member, which may specifically include a strip-shaped mosaic a protrusion; a portion of the main body of the needle tube corresponding to the free end of the free arm is provided with a through window opening area, and a sleeve seat extension corresponding to the through window opening area
  • the surface is provided with at least one limiting groove including a through groove, and the inlaid protrusion of the strip shape can be embedded in the limiting groove.
  • the other hand pulls the sleeve seat main body axially, the elastic part is compressed and deformed, the needle tip is exposed from the back of the retracted sleeve, and then the finger presses the level
  • the free arm connected to the upper surface of the handle of the needle holder, the free arm is inserted in the axial direction, that is, in the direction of the central axis of the needle tube or directly compressed and deformed, so that the inlaid protrusion of the free end of the free arm is embedded in the extension of the sleeve seat.
  • the needle cannula and the cannula can not move axially relative to each other; after the puncture sees the blood returning, the pressing force of the finger to the handle of the needle cannula is lowered or released, and the free arm is reset, and the inlaid protrusion is from the sleeve seat.
  • the limit slot is removed and the elastic potential release of the spring member pushes the sleeve seat away from the needle hub, ultimately causing the soft sleeve tip to cover the sharp needle tip.
  • the side branch of the sleeve seat connected to the infusion hose is located on the same side of the handle of the horizontal needle holder, and the blade-shaped horizontal end of the horizontal needle holder handle is connected with a blade-like upward extension.
  • the side branch of the sleeve seat connected to the infusion hose is located on the same side of the handle of the horizontal needle holder, and the blade-shaped horizontal front end of the horizontal needle holder handle is connected with a blade-like upward extension, and the upper end of the upward extension A rearwardly bent portion that is horizontally unfolded is attached.
  • the main body of the needle hub is cylindrical, and the sleeve portion of the sleeve tube having the smaller outer diameter is sleeved, and the handle of the needle holder is connected to the main body of the needle tube;
  • the ring type needle holder handle includes a curling blade-shaped curling portion extending upward and rearward from the upper end surface of the needle tube holder main body, and the finger is in contact with the inner side of the curling portion, the thumb contacts the outer side of the curling portion, and the curling portion has a curling portion.
  • the freely extending free arm of the curling portion is provided with a contact member, and specifically comprises a strip-shaped inlaid protrusion; the upper end portion of the needle tube main body corresponding to the free end of the free arm is provided with a through window opening area.
  • the surface of the sleeve seat extending portion corresponding to the through window opening area is provided with a limiting groove including a through groove, and the strip-shaped inlaid protrusion can be embedded in the limiting groove.
  • the free end of the free arm of the curling portion is provided with a contact member, and specifically may include a stud-shaped inlaid protrusion; the free arm further has a branch that is directed toward the upper end of the sleeve body and corresponds to the branch.
  • the upper end portion of the sleeve seat is provided with a through window opening area closed by a diaphragm-shaped elastic body, and the elastic body side surface faces the front cavity of the sleeve seat, that is, the infusion chamber, and the end of the free arm branch can contact and press the elastic outer side surface to make the elastic body slightly convex.
  • the liquid in the anterior chamber of the cannula can be discharged from the pinhole by a drop or a few drops.
  • the puncture has a breakthrough feeling, no obvious blood return is obtained, and the finger can be released to release the end of the free arm branch to the elastic body.
  • the compression the negative pressure attraction caused by the recovery of the shape of the elastomer can smoothly and easily inhale the blood in the venous lumen, making the observation of blood return more sensitive.
  • the needle hub handle is a separate type of needle holder handle composed of a separate component or component, and is used integrally with the needle hub; the independent needle hub handle refers to a separate component or component, and
  • the needle holder includes a sleeve or a bonding body using a snap structure. Compared with the main body of the needle holder body, it is easy to use two materials with different properties, and some special clinical requirements are more easily satisfied. These specifications are easier to mass produce and some specifications are relatively simple to assemble.
  • the body of the needle canister is cylindrical, and the extension of the same tubular casing with a smaller outer diameter is sleeved therein, extending in the casing seat.
  • the surface of the portion is provided with a mark indicating a distance including a mark line and a mark point.
  • 3B is a schematic perspective view of the first embodiment of the present invention, the handle is opened, and the tip end of the needle tube is covered by the sleeve;
  • 3C is a schematic view showing the overall cutaway structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the spring is compressed, and the tip of the needle tube is exposed;
  • 3D is a schematic view showing the overall sectional structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the spring is released, and the tip end of the needle tube is covered by the sleeve;
  • Embodiment 1 of the present invention is a partially cutaway perspective structural view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 3F is a schematic view showing the state of the operation process of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the handle is closed, and the tip of the needle tube is exposed;
  • FIG. 3G is a schematic view showing the state of the operation process of Embodiment 1 of the present invention, the handle is opened, and the tip end of the needle tube is covered by the sleeve;
  • FIG. 3H is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the entire operation process of the embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein the infusion hose is deformed by pressure;
  • FIG. 3I is a schematic cross-sectional view showing the operation process of the embodiment 1 of the present invention, and the shape of the infusion hose is restored;
  • FIG. 3J is a schematic view showing the state of the operation process of the embodiment 1 of the present invention, wherein the sleeve seat and the needle tube seat are separated;
  • FIG. 3K is a schematic perspective structural view of an optimization scheme according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4A is a schematic perspective view of a second embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 4B is a schematic view showing the state of an operation process of Embodiment 2 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5A is a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 5B is a partially cutaway perspective exploded structural view of Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 6A is a perspective view showing the structure of a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Embodiment 4 of the present invention is a partially cutaway perspective structural view of Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • 6C is a perspective exploded structural view of an independent handle solution according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.
  • Figure 7 is a perspective view showing the structure of a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 8 is a perspective view showing the structure of a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 10B is a schematic diagram showing the state of the operation process of Embodiment 8 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12A is a perspective view showing the structure of a tenth embodiment of the present invention.
  • FIG. 12B is a schematic diagram showing the state of an operation process of Embodiment 10 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13A is a perspective view showing the structure of an embodiment 11 of the present invention.
  • Figure 13C is a partially cutaway structural view showing the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.
  • Figure 13F is a partial cross-sectional view showing the structure of the embodiment 11 of the present invention, the spring is released, and the tip end of the needle tube is covered by the sleeve;
  • Figure 14B is a schematic view showing the state of the operation process of Embodiment 12 of the present invention.
  • FIG. 14D is a partial cross-sectional structural view of Embodiment 12 of the present invention, the spring is compressed, the tip of the needle tube is exposed, and the diaphragm-shaped elastic body is deformed by pressure;
  • the longitudinal section of the needle tube seat has a curved longitudinally extending connection portion; 13.
  • the angle ⁇ is the angle between the central axis L1 of the needle tube 11 (ie, the reference axis) and the vertical projection line L2 of the central axis L1 of the needle tube 11 on the skin surface S.
  • the correct choice of the needle angle ⁇ determines the success of the puncture to some extent.
  • the index finger F between the needle hub handle 16 and the skin surface S not only easily contaminates the disinfected skin S0 but also seriously interferes with this choice, especially Need to choose a smaller needle angle, and in the needle insertion process, you need to lower the needle tube at any time, that is, reduce the needle angle ⁇ to ensure that the needle tip 111 is in the center of the venous lumen V0.
  • the needle tube 11 as shown in Fig. 2B is sharp.
  • the tip end 111 penetrates the contralateral vein wall V2, and the puncture fails completely; and as in the case where the sharp tip 111 of the needle tube 11 shown in Fig. 2C is adjacent to the venous valve Vv, it is difficult to return blood when the pinhole 112 is attached to the venous valve Vv. Occurs, there is another situation The sharp tip 111 of the needle penetrates into the venous valve Vv.
  • the pinhole 112 of the beveled tip 111 of the needle is closely attached to the intima of the vein wall, Fig. 2D
  • the needle tip bevel P and the pinhole 112 in the bevel are enlarged.
  • the operator usually judges that the pinhole 112 has not entered the venous lumen V0, continues to advance the needle until the vein V is passed, and the final puncture fails.
  • a hollow side leg 155 is connected to the infusion hose 13 on the left side of the sleeve seat body 151.
  • the side branch 155 on the sleeve seat body 151 is followed by a cylindrical extension 156. 3C, 3D; after the tip end portion 121 of the needle hub 12 is located on the side branch 155 of the sleeve body 151, the needle hub 12 has an upper end surface 122, a lower end portion 123, a side surface 124, a bottom end portion 125 and a bottom portion.
  • the end surface 192 forms the top of the rear chamber 150b, and the front chamber 150a is an infusion chamber.
  • the liquid medicine flowing through the infusion tube lumen 130 enters the front chamber 150a of the sleeve cavity 150 through the side branch 155 and passes through the sleeve lumen 140.
  • At least one elastic member 18 including a selectable compression spring 18a which is deformed by an external force is provided, and the sleeves are sleeved together, and the sleeves are cylindrical sleeves.
  • the socket between the extension portion 156 and the main body of the cylindrical needle hub 12 may be a sleeve extension 156 that fits into the needle hub lumen 120, or the needle hub 12 may be inserted into the sleeve holder extension 156.
  • the connected portions are mutually axially slidable relative to each other, the axial axis being the central axis L1 of the pointer tube 11 and the sleeve 14.
  • the elastic member 18 in this embodiment is a compression spring 18a.
  • the bottom end of the compression spring 18a abuts against the bottom end of the inner cavity 120 of the needle hub 12, and the top end of the compression spring 18a abuts against the bottom end surface 1563 of the sleeve seat extension 156;
  • the top end of the compression spring 18a may also abut the rear end surface 192 of the elastic isolation plug 19.
  • the body 16a1 and the body of the needle hub 12 are movable axial line-like connections 163 with two radial slits G1, and the arc-shaped needle tube seat 12 between the two radial slits G1 is a vertical needle.
  • the needle holder handles 16a1, 16a2 are engaged with each other, and the curved portion 164 is rotated or the direct compression deformation of the sleeve portion extension portion 156 by the linear connection 163 until the partial protrusion 17a on the inner side of the curved portion 164 Contacting and pressing the surface of the sleeve holder extension 156 so that the two are not axially movable, the operator's thumb T presses the vertical needle holder handle 16a1 and the infusion hose 13 suspended thereon, and the infusion hose at this time 13 is the pressure tube Infusion hose 131 130 deformed inwardly, but also denting i.e. infusion tube 131, shown in Figure 3H.
  • the operator determines that the needle tip 111 may have entered the venous lumen V0. For example, if the operator experiences a breakthrough in piercing the venous wall V1 and the venous V blood pressure is insufficient, In order to accurately determine whether the needle hole 112 of the needle tip 111 enters the venous lumen V0, the operator only needs to gently reduce the pressing force of the thumb T on the vertical needle holder handle 16a1, at this time due to the elasticity of the infusion hose 13 itself (infusion)
  • the hose is usually made of an elastic material such as TPE, TPU or PVC.
  • the infusion hose 131 in the pressure-receiving area is restored from the partially or completely indented state to the infusion hose 132 in the restored state, as shown in FIG. 3I.
  • the negative pressure attraction generated by the blood actively attracts the blood to the inner lumen 110 of the needle tube, and the blood returning observation hole W1 flowing through the partial defect of the needle tube is returned to the blood through the transparent or translucent sleeve 14
  • the eye is observed in time; this way of returning blood is obviously active blood return, and it is extremely sensitive.
  • the pinhole 112 part enters the venous lumen V0, blood can be observed, so it is "active and sensitive return blood.” ".
  • the finger then clamps the two vertical needle holder handles 16a1, 16a2 to continue the needle number of millimeters to a suitable degree, one hand presses the cannula holder body 151 and the other hand withdraws the needle tube
  • the seat 12 is finally separated as shown in Fig. 3J, and the puncture is successfully completed.
  • Only the flexible sleeve 14 is left in the venous lumen V0.
  • the elastic isolation plug 19 will accommodate the needle tube 11 after the needle tube 11 is withdrawn due to its elastic restoring force.
  • the channel automatically closes the external fluid isolation.
  • the elastic restoring force after deformation of the elastic member 18 including the compression spring 18a is greater than the resistance of the elastic spacer 19 of the sleeve cavity 150 to the needle portion 115 passing therethrough.
  • the sheet-like extension portion is slightly inclined at the upper right side; the finger holder 1252 is disposed for better movement against the rearward movement of the needle hub 12 due to the elastic force when the elastic force of the elastic member 18 is released, that is, the direction away from the needle tip 111 Movement; is an improvement on the method of the middle finger M shown in Fig. 3F against the rounded needle end surface 1251 of the shape of the needle, which makes the operator more comfortable and comfortable.
  • a blade-like lateral extension 166 is also provided that is coupled to the forward end 161 of the vertical portion 165 of the vertical needle hub handle 16a; the lateral extension 166 is The finger contact enables the finger to block the rearward movement of the needle hub 12 when the elastic restoring force due to the release of the elastic potential energy of the elastic member 18, which also refers to the direction opposite to the movement of the sleeve seat 15; Specifically, the two vertical type needle holder handles 16a1, 16a2 are each connected with a lateral extension portion 166. The thumb T and the index finger F abut against the inner side surface of the lateral extension portion 166, and the lateral extension portion 166 can effectively prevent the needle tube holder 12 from being rearward. Move; in this design can replace the function of the finger 1252.
  • a blade-like lateral extension 166 and a lateral extension 166 are provided that are coupled to the front end 161 of the vertical portion 165 of the vertical needle hub handle 16a.
  • the rearwardly bent portion 1661 is disposed such that the two finger ends of the operator are respectively sandwiched between the vertical portion 165 and the rearwardly bent portion 1661 of the corresponding needle hub handle.
  • This finger grip type handle structure not only stabilizes the operation. The property is further improved and the finger can actively release the binding force of the contact portion 17 of the needle hub handle 16 to the sleeve seat extension 156 by pushing the rearward bent portion 1661, thereby releasing the elastic potential energy of the elastic member 18 more quickly.
  • FIG. 5B shows an opening 1665 at the lower end of the lateral extension 166, and the opening 1665 toward the left side accommodates the infusion hose 13 and cooperates with the hook 1651 with the free end upward to partially infuse the infusion.
  • the tube 13 is suspended from the outer side of the left vertical needle holder handle 16a1.
  • a strip-shaped inlaid protrusion 17b is disposed on the inner side of the curved portion 164, and the corresponding sleeve seat extending portion 156 is provided with a corresponding limiting slot 1561, and the limiting slot 1561 can be It is a lateral or longitudinal depression of the surface of the extension portion 156 downward, and may also be a through groove extending through the rear cavity 150b of the sleeve seat.
  • the corresponding position refers to the compression of the compression tube 18a from the sleeve when the compression spring 18a is compressed.
  • the protrusion 17b can be pressed into the limiting groove 1561.
  • a mark 1564 indicating a distance including a marking line and a marking point is provided on the surface of the sleeve holder extending portion 156.
  • the marking 1564 may be a printed line or a partial lateral rib or concave.
  • the groove may be one or more; when a mark is set, the presence of the mark 1564 in the operation may indicate that the cannula tip 141 has covered the needle tip 111; when a plurality of marks are set, the position mark 1564 is different in operation.
  • the presence may indicate a specific distance of the cannula tip opening 144 from the cannula tip 111 to indicate whether the needle can be withdrawn from the needle cannula 11.
  • the rearwardly bent portion 1661 connected to the portion 166 has a horizontally extending portion 1662; and is connected to the upper edge of the vertical portion 165, the laterally extending portion 166, and the rearwardly bent portion 1661, and is provided with horizontal levels on both sides of the present embodiment. Extension 1662.
  • the needle hub handle 16 is a separate type of needle holder handle 16e formed of separate components or components for use in conjunction with the needle hub 12.
  • the independent needle hub handle 16e refers to a separate component or assembly, and the needle hub 12 includes a sleeve or a bond using a snap structure, and is integrally molded with the needle hub body. It is easy to use two materials with different properties, some special clinical requirements are easier to meet, some specifications are easier to mass produce, and some specifications are relatively simple to assemble.
  • the thumb T holds the left side of the needle holder handle 16b
  • the index finger F holds the right side of the needle holder handle 16b, so that the strip-shaped inlaid protrusion 17d of the free end of the vertical free arm 1652 is inserted into the sleeve.
  • the indentation groove 1561 of the seat extension portion 156 is simultaneously recessed longitudinally across the upper end of the needle hub handle 16b, and the needle tip slope P is upward, and the sleeve seat side branch 155 is also upward, that is, perpendicular to the horizontal plane. It is in the same direction as the vertical portion 165 of the vertical needle hub handle 16b.
  • the needle hub 12 is attached to the body of the needle hub 12; in particular, the horizontal needle holder handle 16c includes a blade extending from the side 124 of the body of the needle hub 12.
  • the horizontal portion 167 is convenient for the fingers to hold, and the horizontal means that the indwelling needle tube 11 is placed in parallel above the horizontal plane, and when the inclined surface P of the needle tip 111 faces upward, the needle holder handle 16 is convenient for the finger holding portion to be parallel to the horizontal plane or Approximate parallel, that is, the horizontal portion 167 is parallel or nearly parallel to the horizontal plane, similar to the "horizontal needle” type indwelling needle conformation commonly used by clinical nurses at present; the upper surface of the horizontal portion 167 is connected with an arcuate strip-shaped horizontal free arm. 1673, the free arm 1673 can be rotated axially with the free arm 1673 and the linear connecting portion 1674 of the horizontal portion 167.
  • the inner side of the free end of the free arm 1673 is provided with a contact member 17, and specifically includes a strip-shaped inlaid protrusion 17e.
  • a portion of the main body of the needle hub 12 corresponding to the free end of the free arm 1673 is provided with a through window opening region W2, and a surface of the sleeve seat extending portion 156 corresponding to the through window opening region W2 is provided.
  • the limiting groove 1561 including the through groove can be embedded in the limiting groove 1561.
  • two fingers are used to hold the fixed horizontal type needle holder handle 16c without contacting the portion of the free arm 1673, and the other hand pulls the main body of the sleeve holder 15 axially downward, and the elastic member 18 is compressed and deformed, and the needle tip 111 is The retracted cannula tip opening 144 is exposed, and then the finger presses the free arm 1673 connected to the upper surface of the horizontal pin holder handle 16c, and the free arm 1673 is rotated in the axial direction, that is, toward the central axis L1 of the needle tube or directly.
  • the cannula seat 15 is rotatable to the side branch 155 connected to the infusion hose 13 on the same side of the horizontal needle hub handle 16c, and the infusion hose 13 is passed through the lower surface of the needle hub handle 16c.
  • the infusion hose 13 is used as described above. It can be sandwiched between the index finger F (not shown) and the lower surface of the needle holder handle 16c, and the infusion hose 13 can be restored and restored to achieve active and sensitive blood return.
  • the biggest difference from the embodiment 9 is that the blade-shaped horizontal portion 167 of the horizontal type needle holder handle 16c is connected with a blade-like upward extending portion 168, and the upper end of the upwardly extending portion 168 is horizontally connected.
  • the rearwardly bent portion 1681 is unfolded, so that the horizontal portion 167 of the horizontal type needle holder handle 16c and the rearwardly bent portion 1681 constitute a finger-grip structure, which improves the stability of handling.
  • the infusion hose 13 passes from the upper surface of the horizontal portion 167 of the horizontal type needle holder handle 16c, and the bottom portion of the horizontal portion 167 is provided with an upwardly open upward flange 1671.
  • the upper surface of the horizontal portion 167 of the handle 16c is provided with a finger fixing infusion hose 13 Shallow groove 1672.
  • the main body of the needle hub 12 has a cylindrical shape, and the same sleeve-shaped extension portion 156 having a smaller outer diameter is sleeved therein, and the main body of the needle hub 12 is connected.
  • a needle holder handle 16 specifically, a ring type needle holder handle 16d, including a curling portion 169 which is curled and extends from the upper end surface 122 of the main body of the needle hub 12 and which is easy to be gripped by fingers; as shown in FIG.
  • the index finger F contacts the inner side 1691 of the curling portion 169
  • the thumb T contacts the outer side 1692 of the curling portion 169
  • the curling portion 169 has a forwardly extending curling portion 169 free arm 1693, and the free end thereof is provided with a contact member 17, which may specifically include a strip-like shape
  • the inlaid protrusion 17f; the upper end surface 122 of the main body of the needle hub 12 corresponding to the free end of the free arm 1693 is provided with a through window opening area W4, and the surface of the sleeve seat extending portion 156 corresponding to the through window opening area W4 is provided with a through surface.
  • the limiting groove 1561 of the groove can be embedded in the limiting groove 1561.
  • the thumb T further reduces the pressure on the outer side 1692 of the curling portion 169 of the needle hub handle 16d, and the free arm 1693 is restored by its own elasticity, and the inlaid protrusion 17f is driven out from the limiting groove 1561 to compress.
  • the spring 18a is released, pushing the sleeve seat 15 forward, and the needle tip 111 is covered by the sleeve tip 141.
  • the curled portion 169 which is easy to be gripped by the curling blade shape extending upward and rearward from the upper end surface 122 of the main body of the needle hub 12
  • the rearwardly extending curling portion 169 continues to extend downwardly to merge with the upper end surface 122 of the needle cannula to form a closed loop finger-type needle hub handle 16d
  • the free end of the curling portion 169 free arm 1693 is provided with a contact member 17, specifically including a strip a block-shaped inlaid projection 17f
  • the free arm 1693 further has a branch 1694 which is permeable to and accessible to the upper end 153 of the sleeve base 15, and a portion of the upper end 153 of the sleeve corresponding to the branch 1694 is provided with a diaphragm-like elastic body E
  • the closed through window area W5, the inner side E1 of the elastic body E is connected to the front
  • the liquid medicine in the anterior chamber 150a of the ferrule can be discharged from the needle hole 112 by one drop or several drops.
  • the puncturing has a breakthrough feeling, no obvious blood return is obtained, and the finger can be released to release the free arm 1693 branch.
  • 1694 end 1695 pairs of elasticity E oppression suction force restoring the shape of the elastomer E can be smoothly produced easily blood in venous lumen V0 suction pinhole 112, so that the blood back to the more sensitive.
  • the process can be as follows:
  • the second step as shown in Fig. 14D, the compression spring 18a is deformed by compression, the inlaid protrusion 17f on the free arm 1693 is deeply embedded in the limiting groove 1561, the needle tip 111 is exposed, and the upper end 153 of the casing seat is opened in the window area W5.
  • the diaphragm-like elastic body E is pressed by the end 1695 of the free arm 1693 branch 1694 and deformed toward the front cavity 150a of the sleeve seat, and the liquid medicine in the front chamber 150a of the sleeve seat is discharged from the needle hole 112 by one drop or several drops.
  • the third step the puncture operation, as shown in FIG. 14C, the compression spring 18a is deformed under pressure, and the inlaid protrusion 17f on the free arm 1693 is shallowly embedded in the limit groove 1561, and the needle tip 111 is exposed to reduce the thumb T to the curled portion 169.
  • the outer side 1692 presses the force to release the compression of the diaphragm-like elastic body E in the window opening region W5 of the upper end 153 of the sleeve seat by the free arm 1693 branch 1694 end 1695, and the diaphragm-shaped elastic body E is restored, and the negative pressure attraction force is actively sensitive. Return blood.
  • the fourth step as shown in FIG. 14E, further reducing the pressing force of the thumb T on the outer side 1692 of the curling portion 169, the inlaid protrusion 17f on the free arm 1693 is released from the limiting groove 1561, and the compression spring 18a is released to push the sleeve seat 15 forward.
  • the needle tip 111 is covered by the cannula tip 141.
  • the crimping portion of the finger-type needle holder handle 16d of the present embodiment has two openings on the left side and the right side, and is a cover-type handle similar to that of the embodiment 4, which can be closed to open one side opening, thereby further improving the stability of the operation.

Landscapes

  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Anesthesiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Hematology (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Infusion, Injection, And Reservoir Apparatuses (AREA)

Abstract

一种安全型静脉留置针包括针管（11）、针管座（12）、套管（14）和套管座（15）；针管座（12）与套管座（15）彼此套接，套接的部分可以互为导向的相对轴向滑动，针管座（12）与套管座（15）之间设有至少一受到外力会发生形变的、包括可选择压缩弹簧（18a）在内的弹力部件（18）；还包括至少一个可与针管座（12）连为一体的针管座手柄（16），针管座手柄（16）上设有一个在外力驱使下可以接触到套管座（15）的接触部件（17），接触部件（17）可以是针管座手柄（16）上的可以接触到套管座（15）的一个区域，也可以是从针管座手柄（16）上延伸出的一个可以受到外力而发生形变的活动部分，如一个来自针管座手柄（16）上的片状延伸，接触部件（17）上至少有一个部位与套管座（15）的一部分区域接触。

Description

一种安全型静脉留置针 技术领域
本发明涉及一种安全型静脉留置针，属医疗器械技术领域。
背景技术
静脉穿刺及连带的静脉输液是临床各科室最为常用的一种通用技术，当输液时间较长时最常使用带有柔性套管的留置针，留置期间柔性的套管消除了因针管尖端刺穿静脉的风险；无论何种静脉针都不可避免的面对个体化静脉穿刺过程的挑战，所述个体化是指患者的皮肤厚度、皮肤硬度、静脉暴露程度、静脉粗细、静脉深浅、静脉壁硬度、静脉弯曲程度、静脉瓣分布等均大不相同；个体化静脉穿刺还须考虑的是护士操作的个性化。
通常，使用留置针的静脉穿刺过程，开始时消毒穿刺点附近皮肤，随后一手的手指主要是拇指绷紧皮肤，另一手持针与皮肤呈一合适的角度先将锋利的针管尖端刺入皮肤，随后突破静脉壁，针管尖端斜面的针孔进入静脉管腔内，静脉压将血液经由斜面的针孔挤入针管，在针管视窗或透明的针管座或透明的软管上看到红色的血液流入，也称回血，作为判断斜面的针孔进入静脉管腔的依据；这种回血方式为静脉压依赖性的被动回血。然而，多种因素导致即使斜面的针孔进入了静脉管腔也无法出现可见的回血，比如静脉压很低时，常见循环血量不足的休克患者，因而静脉压依赖性的被动回血方式极其不灵敏；再如紧邻静脉瓣的斜面的针孔，静脉瓣的单向控流作用使血液难以流入针管；又如针孔的斜面紧贴静脉壁使血液无法进入针管；还如针孔的斜面位于静脉弯曲处；当出现这些未见回血的情况，操作者通常认为针孔尚未进入静脉管腔，会进一步推进针管，使得已从一侧静脉管壁进入静脉管腔的针管尖端极易从对侧静脉管壁穿出，即静脉被针管贯穿，导致静脉穿刺失败，严重影响药物及液体的输注，尤其是急救药物或血液不能在第一时间进入静脉管腔会导致患者迅速死亡或不可逆的器官衰竭。
然而，穿刺中即便见到了回血，也需将针管继续向静脉内推进一定距离，确保斜面的针孔完全充分的进入静脉管腔内，当静脉走向肉眼无法判断时这一步骤的针管推进完全是在盲目的状态下实施，针管的尖端行进方向与静脉走向稍有不同时极易导致静脉被贯穿致使穿刺失败，尤其是患者静脉走向不可视且静脉管腔较小时安全进针近乎奢望；为了避免继续进针过程刺穿静脉的风险，有的操作方法是见到回血后将针管回退1mm-4mm不等的距离，然后将 套管送入静脉管腔，虽有一定效果但回退极易使针管尖端脱离静脉管腔导致穿刺失败，因大多数目标静脉内径仅2mm左右。
再者，临床操作大多用手把持留置针针管座相连的水平状态的叶片状手柄，拇指在上食指在下，在针管座下方的食指不可避免的会接触到刚刚消毒后的邻近穿刺点的皮肤，当食指上存有微生物时极易污染穿刺点导致管路相关性血流感染(CRBSI)(已有大量临床文献报导)；且操作时位于皮肤与针管座之间的食指也会影响进针角度，即针管与皮肤之间角度的选择，也即针管与针管在皮肤上的垂直投影线之间的最佳角度的选择会受到夹在其间的食指的干扰，尤其是选择较小的最佳进针角度时，最终降低穿刺成功率。
总之，现有临床使用的留置针存在以下严重安全问题：
1.见到回血时，继续进针过程中留置针针管锋利的尖端贯穿静脉导致穿刺失败。
2.静脉压依赖性的被动回血方式使得当患者静脉压低或其他相关情况时难以见到回血，本已进入静脉管腔的针管尖端继续推进贯穿静脉壁导致穿刺失败。
3.因针管座下方的食指不可避免的会接触到刚刚消毒后的邻近穿刺点的皮肤，当食指上存有微生物时极易污染穿刺点导致管路相关性血流感染(CRBSI)。
4.因针管座下方的食指会影响进针角度即针管与皮肤之间角度的选择，降低穿刺成功率。
5.两个手指夹持针柄的方法稳定性差，难以满足护士操作的个性化需求。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述问题，提供了一种安全型静脉留置针。
本发明的目的是这样实现的：
一种安全型静脉留置针，包括：一个用于刺破皮肤及静脉壁的刚性的针管，一个将针管底端部分固定其内的针管座；一个柔性的套管，一个与套管底端密封连接的套管座，套管座有一中空的侧支与输液软管相连，一个位于筒状的套管座延伸部内的弹性隔离塞将套管座内腔分为前腔及后腔；隔离塞的前端面形成前腔的底部，隔离塞的后端面形成后腔的顶部，前腔为输液腔，正常使用时输液软管内腔流动的药液经侧支进入套管座内腔的前腔再经套管内腔从套管顶端开口进入静脉内腔；针管的前端部分穿过隔离塞位于套管内腔；所述针管的前端部分是指位于套管内腔及套管座内腔的前腔内的针管；针管座与套管座彼此套接，所述彼此套接，是指筒状的套管座延伸部与筒状的针管座主体之间的套接，可以是套管座延伸部套入针管座内腔，也可以是针管座套入套管座延伸部，套接的部分可以互为导向的相对轴向滑 动，所述轴向的轴是指针管及套管的中心轴线；针管座与套管座之间设有至少一受到外力会发生形变的包括可选择压缩弹簧在内的弹力部件；还包括至少一个可与针管座连为一体的针管座手柄，针管座手柄上设有一个可在外力驱使下可以接触到套管座的接触部件；所述接触部件可以是针管座手柄上的可以接触到套管座的一个区域；也可以是从针管座手柄上延伸出的一个可以受到外力而发生形变的活动部分，如一个来自针管座手柄上的片状延伸，接触部件上至少有一个部位与套管座的一部分区域接触。
使用本发明时，操作者一手固定针管座，一手作用于套管座驱动其向着接近针管座的方向轴向移动，所述轴向的轴是指针管及套管的中心轴线，并迫使二者之间的弹力部件发生形变储存弹性势能，针管尖端从包覆其的套管顶端露出；操作者手指将针管座手柄位于套管座区域的接触部件压向套管座，如压向其表面或压入其内部的沟槽等构件，使二者相对位置固定，弹力部件不能复原。操作者按压接触部件的手指同时按压针管座手柄附近的输液软管使其压凹变形。所述附近，可以是悬挂在针管座手柄侧面，可以是骑跨在针管座手柄上端，也可以是从针管座手柄表面经过或穿过。
随即开始静脉穿刺过程，当静脉穿刺过程中虽未见到回血但操作者判断针管尖端可能已进入静脉管腔内，例如操作者体验到了刺穿一侧静脉管壁的突破感而静脉血液压力不够时，为了准确判断针管尖端的针孔是否进入静脉管腔，操作者仅需轻轻减小手指对针管座手柄的按压力度，此时因输液软管自身的弹性(输液软管通常选用TPE、TPU、PVC等弹性材料制作)，受压区域的输液软管的形态从压凹状态部分或全部的恢复至复原状态的输液软管，无论是部分复原还是完全复原其产生的负压吸引力将血液主动吸引至针管内腔，而流经针管上部分缺损的回血观察孔，回血透过透明或半透明的套管而被人眼及时观察到；这种回血方式显然是主动式的回血，而且极为灵敏，只要针孔部分进入静脉管腔就可观察到回血，故而为“主动式灵敏回血”。
当针管尖端进入静脉内腔后，降低或解除手指对针管座手柄的按压力可使套管座因弹力部件的弹性势能释放产生的弹性复原力而被迫向远离针管座的方向移动，而最终使柔软的套管顶端包覆了锋利的针管尖端，即锋利的针管尖端未从套管顶端开口内露出；弹力部件形变后的弹性复原力大于套管座内腔的弹性隔离塞对穿越其内的针管部分的阻力，这种阻力是指因弹性隔离塞对穿越其内的针管部分存在的压迫力而在抽离过程中形成的隔离塞与针管外表面之间的摩擦阻力。
为了更好的操控，针管座主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部套设其内，针管座主体上连有针管座手柄；具体为垂直型针管座手柄，包括两个从针管座主体上端 面伸出的呈叶片状的便于手指把持的部分为垂直部，所述垂直是指，留置针针管于水平面之上平行放置，针管尖端的斜面朝上时，针管座手柄便于手指把持的部分在穿刺开始的使用状态下与水平面垂直或近似垂直，即是垂直部与水平面垂直或近似垂直，此种条件下目前临床使用的留置针针管座手柄则与水平面平行；其中至少一个垂直型针管座手柄与针管座主体是带有两个径向缝隙的可活动的轴向的线条状连接，两个径向缝隙之间的弧形的针管座部分为垂直型针管座手柄的弧形部，弧形部在针管座主体上端面与垂直部相连；垂直型针管座手柄弧形部内侧设有一个在外力驱使下可以接触到套管座延伸部的接触部件，具体可包括一个弧形部内侧的局部凸起。使用时两个手指相对按压两个垂直型针管座手柄，弧形部以线条状连接为旋转轴向套管座延伸部旋转接近或直接受压变形，直至弧形部内侧的局部凸起接触并压迫套管座延伸部表面，使二者不能相对轴向移动。
进一步的增加可操控性，还包括与垂直型针管座手柄的垂直部前端相连的叶片状的侧向延伸部。侧向延伸部与手指接触可使手指能够阻止当因弹力部件的弹性势能释放产生的弹性复原力而导致的针管座的向后方移动，所述“后方”是指与套管座运动相反的方向。
再进一步，还包括与垂直型针管座手柄的垂直部前端相连的叶片状的侧向延伸部及与侧向延伸部相连的后向弯折部。后向弯折部的设置使得操作者的两个手指末端分别夹在对应的针管座手柄的垂直部与后向弯折部之间，这种指夹式的手柄结构不仅使操控稳定性进一步提升，而且手指可以通过推动后向弯折部主动的解除针管座手柄的接触部件对套管座延伸部的约束力，从而更快的将弹力部件的弹性势能释放；所述约束力是指针管座手柄的接触部件通过压迫、嵌入等方式阻止二者相对轴向移动的能力。
更好的是，还包括与垂直型针管座手柄的垂直部前端相连的叶片状的侧向延伸部及与侧向延伸部相连的后向弯折部，还有水平延伸部；水平延伸部与垂直部、侧向延伸部、后向弯折部的上缘连接。水平延伸部的设置使得操作者的两个手指末端分别套在或是包裹在对应的针管座手柄的垂直部、侧向延伸部、后向弯折部、水平延伸部及弧形部共同形成的套囊状的空间内，这种指套式的手柄结构不仅可以使手指主动驱使后向弯折部侧向移动而解除针管座手柄的接触部件对套管座延伸部的约束力，而且使操控更为稳定达到手指-手柄融合即“指-针合一”的理想效果。
一种人体工程适形的设计是，针管座底端部分设有与手指尤其是中指外侧轮廓适形的指托，指托可以是独立部件套接在针管座底端部分，也可以是针管座底端部分的与手指外侧轮廓适形的部分，所述适形的部分是指便于与手指外侧相抵的截面C型的向右上方略倾斜的片状延伸部分。
一种设计是，两个垂直型针管座手柄的垂直部的后端连为一体。
另一种设计是，两个垂直型针管座手柄的垂直部的上端连为一体，至少一侧设有三面开口的U形缝隙，从而形成一个条片状的垂直部游离臂；游离臂可以以游离臂与垂直部的线状连接部分为轴向内旋转，游离臂游离端的内侧设有接触部件，具体为一个条块状的镶嵌凸起。
为了更好地无间隔的约束套管座的运动，垂直型针管座手柄的接触部件具体为弧形部内侧设有至少一个线条状的凸筋；在线条状的凸筋相对应位置的套管座延伸部表面设有至少一个可与之嵌合的弧线状凹陷。
一种可靠且轻松的约束套管座的运动的设计是，垂直型针管座手柄的接触部件具体为弧形部内侧的条块状的镶嵌凸起；在条块状的镶嵌凸起相对应位置的套管座延伸部表面设有包括贯通槽在内的至少一个限位槽，镶嵌凸起可嵌入限位槽内。当与针管座相连的镶嵌凸起嵌入套管座上的限位槽内时，限制了针管座与套管座的相对的轴向运动，此时针管的尖端从套管顶端开口中露出，穿刺见到回血后降低或解除手指对针管座手柄的按压力使弧形部复位，镶嵌凸起从套管座上的限位槽内移出，弹力部件的弹性势能释放推动套管座向远离针管座的方向移动，而最终使柔软的套管顶端包覆了锋利的针管尖端。
一种设计是，针管座主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部套设其内，针管座主体上连有针管座手柄；具体为一个垂直型针管座手柄，包括一个从针管座主体上端面伸出的呈叶片状的便于手指把持的部分为垂直部，垂直部一侧相连一个条片状的垂直部游离臂，游离臂可以以游离臂与垂直部的线状连接部分为轴向内旋转，游离臂游离端的内侧设有接触部件，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起；针管座主体与游离臂游离端对应的针管座侧面部分设有一贯通的开窗区域，与贯通的开窗区域对应的套管座延伸部表面设有至少一个包括贯通槽在内的限位槽，条块状的镶嵌凸起可嵌入限位槽内。
进一步的，垂直型针管座手柄有一侧向延伸部，侧向延伸部上端连有叶片状的前向弯折部，前向弯折部设有一容纳输液软管的开口。
再一步的，垂直型针管座手柄有一侧向延伸部，侧向延伸部上端连有叶片状的前向弯折部，前向弯折部设有一个部分容纳输液软管的开口；垂直部上端有一便于输液软管纵向骑跨的下凹区域。
一种适应现有临床护士“水平持针”操作习惯的设计是，针管座主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部套设其内，针管座主体上连有针管座手柄；具体为水平型针管座手柄，包括从针管座主体侧面伸出的呈叶片状的便于手指把持的水平部，所述水平是指，留置针针管于水平面之上平行放置，针管尖端的斜面朝上时，针管座手柄便于手指把持的部 分与水平面平行或近似平行，即是水平部与水平面平行或近似平行，与目前临床使用的留置针构象相似；水平部上表面相连一个弓形的条片状的水平部游离臂，游离臂可以以游离臂与水平部的线状连接部分为轴向内旋转，游离臂游离端的内侧设有接触部件，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起；针管座主体与游离臂游离端对应的部分设有一贯通的开窗区域，与贯通的开窗区域对应的套管座延伸部表面设有至少一个包括贯通槽在内的限位槽，条块状的镶嵌凸起可嵌入限位槽内。使用时一手两个手指把持固定水平型针管座手柄不接触游离臂的部分，另一手将套管座主体轴向下拉，弹力部件压缩形变，针管尖端从后退的套管顶端露出，随即手指按压水平型针管座手柄上表面相连的游离臂，游离臂以线状连接部分为轴向内也即向针管中心轴线方向旋转或直接受压变形而使游离臂游离端的镶嵌凸起嵌入套管座延伸部的限位槽内，针管座与套管座二者不能轴向的相对移动；穿刺见到回血后降低或解除手指对针管座手柄的按压力使游离臂复位，镶嵌凸起从套管座上的限位槽内移出，弹力部件的弹性势能释放推动套管座向远离针管座的方向移动，而最终使柔软的套管顶端包覆了锋利的针管尖端。
进一步的，套管座与输液软管相连的侧支位于水平型针管座手柄同侧，水平型针管座手柄的呈叶片状的水平部前端连有叶片状的向上延伸部。
又一步的，套管座与输液软管相连的侧支位于水平型针管座手柄同侧，水平型针管座手柄的呈叶片状的水平部前端连有叶片状的向上延伸部，向上延伸部上端连接有水平展开的后向弯折部。
另一种提升操控稳定性的方案是，针管座主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部套设其内，针管座主体上连有针管座手柄；具体为指环型针管座手柄，包括从针管座主体上端面向上、向后延伸出的呈卷曲叶片状的便于手指把持的卷曲部，使用时食指接触卷曲部内侧，拇指接触卷曲部外侧，卷曲部有一向前延伸的卷曲部游离臂，其游离端设有接触部件，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起；针管座主体与游离臂游离端对应的上端面部分设有一贯通的开窗区域，与贯通的开窗区域对应的套管座延伸部表面设有包括贯通槽在内的限位槽，条块状的镶嵌凸起可嵌入限位槽内。
进一步的，卷曲部游离臂的游离端设有接触部件，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起；游离臂还有一个探向并可触及套管座主体上端的分支，与分支相对应的套管座上端部分设有一被膜片状弹性体封闭的贯通的开窗区域，弹性体内侧面朝向套管座前腔即输液腔，游离臂分支末端可接触并压迫弹性体外侧面，使弹性体略凸向套管座前腔内，可将套管座前腔内的药液从针孔排出一滴或数滴，当穿刺有突破感时而未见明显回血，可放松手指解除游离臂分支末端对弹性体的压迫，弹性体形状复原产生的负压吸引力可将静脉管腔内的血液顺利轻松 的吸入针孔，使回血的观察更为灵敏。
作为本发明的一种思路，针管座手柄为独立部件或组件构成的独立型针管座手柄，与针管座连为一体使用；所述独立型针管座手柄是指其为独立的部件或组件，与针管座包括使用卡扣结构在内的套接或粘接为一体，相比与针管座主体一体式模塑加工成型，容易采用两种性能不同的材料，某些特殊临床要求更容易满足，某些规格批量生产更为容易，某些规格组装相对简单。
为了更好的指示针管座与套管座的相对移动的程度，针管座主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部套设其内，在套管座延伸部的表面设有包括标记线、标记点在内的指示距离的标记。
为了更好的实现主动式灵敏回血，上述所有方案的针管座手柄设有包括可选择挂钩、下凹、开口、浅槽在内的输液软管的约束、导引部件。所述约束、导引部件可以是独立的部件或组件，也可以是针管座手柄本身具有约束导引输液软管功能的结构部分。
本发明的有益效果是：
1.见到回血时，不需调换手指等额外操作，保持手指原始位置即可使套管主动包覆针管锋利的尖端，彻底消除继续进针过程中针管尖端贯穿静脉导致穿刺失败的风险。
2.主动吸引式的灵敏回血方式替代了静脉压依赖性的不灵敏的被动回血方式，可准确及时的判断出针管尖端斜面的针孔是否进入静脉管腔，避免盲目进针导致的穿刺失败。
3.皮肤非接触式持针最大程度的避免了因操作者手指表面微生物污染穿刺点导致的管路相关性血流感染(CRBSI)。
4.皮肤非接触式持针完全避免了因针管座下方的食指对进针角度选择的影响，从而进一步提高了穿刺成功率。
5.指夹式、指套式、指环式多种方案提升了操控稳定性，满足了护士操作的个性化需求。
附图说明
并不局限本发明的附图如下：
图1：现有临床静脉留置针的穿刺操作示意图；
图2A：针管锋利的尖端突破静脉壁的示意图；
图2B：针管锋利的尖端贯穿静脉壁的示意图；
图2C：针管锋利的尖端紧邻静脉瓣的示意图；
图2D：针管锋利的尖端的斜面及针孔放大示意图；
图2E：针管锋利的尖端的斜面紧贴静脉壁内膜的示意图；
图2F：套管位于静脉管腔内的示意图；
图3A：本发明实施例1的立体结构示意图，手柄对合，针管尖端露出；
图3B：本发明实施例1的立体结构示意图，手柄打开，针管尖端被套管包覆；
图3C：本发明实施例1的整体剖切结构示意图，弹簧压缩，针管尖端露出；
图3D：本发明实施例1的整体剖切结构示意图，弹簧释放，针管尖端被套管包覆；
图3E：本发明实施例1的局部剖切立体结构示意图；
图3F：本发明实施例1的操作过程状态示意图，手柄对合，针管尖端露出；
图3G：本发明实施例1的操作过程状态示意图，手柄打开，针管尖端被套管包覆；
图3H：本发明实施例1的操作过程整体剖切示意图，输液软管受压形变；
图3I：本发明实施例1的操作过程整体剖切示意图，输液软管形态复原；
图3J：本发明实施例1的操作过程状态示意图，套管座、针管座分离；
图3K：本发明实施例1的一种优化方案立体结构示意图；
图4A：本发明实施例2的立体结构示意图；
图4B：本发明实施例2的操作过程状态示意图；
图5A：本发明实施例3的立体结构示意图；
图5B：本发明实施例3的局部剖切立体分解结构示意图；
图6A：本发明实施例4的立体结构示意图；
图6B：本发明实施例4的局部剖切立体结构示意图；
图6C：本发明实施例4的独立手柄方案立体分解结构示意图；
图7：本发明实施例5的立体结构示意图；
图8：本发明实施例6的立体结构示意图；
图9A：本发明实施例7的立体结构示意图；
图9B：本发明实施例7的操作过程状态示意图；
图10A：本发明实施例8的立体结构示意图；
图10B：本发明实施例8的操作过程状态示意图；
图11A：本发明实施例9的立体结构示意图；
图11B：本发明实施例9的操作过程状态示意图；
图12A：本发明实施例10的立体结构示意图；
图12B：本发明实施例10的操作过程状态示意图；
图13A：本发明实施例11的立体结构示意图；
图13B：本发明实施例11的操作过程状态示意图；
图13C：本发明实施例11的局部剖切结构示意图；
图13D：本发明实施例11的局部剖切结构示意图，弹簧压缩，针管尖端露出，输液软管受压形变；
图13E：本发明实施例11的局部剖切结构示意图，弹簧压缩，针管尖端露出，输液软管形态复原；
图13F：本发明实施例11的局部剖切结构示意图，弹簧释放，针管尖端被套管包覆；
图14A：本发明实施例12的立体结构示意图；
图14B：本发明实施例12的操作过程状态示意图；
图14C：本发明实施例12的局部剖切结构示意图，弹簧压缩，针管尖端露出；
图14D：本发明实施例12的局部剖切结构示意图，弹簧压缩，针管尖端露出，膜片状的弹性体受压形变；
图14E：本发明实施例12的局部剖切结构示意图，弹簧释放，针管尖端被套管包覆。
图中：S.皮肤表面；S1.皮下组织；S0.皮肤消毒区域；T.拇指；F.食指；M.中指；V.静脉；V0.静脉管腔；V1.一侧静脉壁；V2.对侧静脉壁；Vv.静脉瓣；W1.针管上的回血观察孔；W2.针管座侧面的开窗区域；W3.针管座中部的开窗区域；W4.针管座上端面的开窗区域；W5.套管座上端的开窗区域；P.针管尖端的斜面；L1.针管及套管的中心轴线(基准轴)；L2.针管基准轴在皮肤上的垂直投影线；J1.水止；J2.留置针接头；G1.针管座上的径向缝隙；G2.针管座上的“U”形缝隙；E.膜片状的弹性体；E1.弹性体内侧面；E2.弹性体外侧面；1.静脉留置针；11.针管；110针管内腔；111.针管尖端；112.针孔；113.针管前端部分；114.针管底端部分；115.隔离塞内的针管部分；12.针管座；120.针管座内腔；121.针管座顶端部分；122.针管座上端面；123.针管座下端部分；124.针管座侧面；125.针管座底端部分；1251.针管座底端面；1252.针管座底端指托；126.针管座中部截面为弧形的纵向延伸的连接部；13.输液软管；130.输液软管内腔；131.被压凹的输液软管；132.从被压凹状态复原的输液软管；14.套管；140.套管内腔；141.套管顶端；142.套管底端；143.套管内表面；144.套管顶端开口； 15.套管座；150.套管座内腔.150a.前腔；150b.后腔；151.套管座主体；152.套管座顶端；153.套管座上端；154.套管座侧面；155.套管座侧支；156.套管座延伸部；1561.限位槽；1562.弧线状凹陷；1563.套管座延伸部底端面；1564.标记；16.针管座手柄；16a.垂直型针管座手柄；16a1.左侧垂直型针管座手柄；16a2.右侧垂直型针管座手柄；16b.一个垂直型针管座手柄；16c.水平型针管座手柄；16d.指环型针管座手柄；16e.独立型针管座手柄；161.针管座手柄前端；162.针管座手柄后端；163.针管座手柄与主体的线条状连接；164.针管座手柄弧形部；1641.半圆形的连接部；1642.弧形部的纵向凸筋；165.针管座手柄垂直部；1650.两个垂直部的内部空间；1651.挂钩；1652.垂直部游离臂；1653.游离臂1652与垂直部的线状连接部分；1654.垂直部上端下凹区域；1655.垂直部手柄后端的指托；166.针管座手柄侧向延伸部；1661.后向弯折部；1662.水平延伸部；1663.前向弯折部；1664.前向弯折部上的开口；1665.侧向延伸部下端的开口；167.针管座手柄的水平部；1671.水平部底端向上的折边；1672.利于固定输液软管的浅槽；1673.水平部游离臂；1674.游离臂1673与水平部的线状连接部分；168.向上延伸部；1681.后向弯折部；169.针管座手柄的卷曲部；1691.卷曲部内侧；1692.卷曲部外侧；1693.卷曲部游离臂；1694.游离臂1693的分支；1695.分支的末端；17.针管座手柄的接触部件；17a.弧形部内侧的局部凸起；17b.弧形部内侧的镶嵌凸起；17c.弧形部内侧的凸筋；17d.游离臂1652游离端内侧的镶嵌凸起；17e.游离臂1673游离端内侧的镶嵌凸起；17f.游离臂1693游离端的镶嵌凸起；18.弹力部件；18a.压缩弹簧；19.弹性隔离塞；191.隔离塞前端面；192.隔离塞后端面。
具体实施方式
并不局限本发明的实施例如下：
首先说明现有的静脉留置针操作过程，如图1所示，留置针接头J2与药液容器的管路相连，药液流入输液软管13，排除空气使药液可从留置针的针孔112滴出，关闭夹在输液软管13上的水止J1，穿刺点附近皮肤S0消毒后，左手绷紧皮肤，右手拇指T在上食指F在下把持针管座手柄16，针管尖端斜面P朝上，不透明的针管11与皮肤表面S呈一角度α进针，角度α是针管11的中心轴线L1(即基准轴)与针管11中心轴线L1在皮肤表面S的垂直投影线L2之间的夹角，进针角度α的正确选择一定程度上决定着穿刺是否成功，然而位于针管座手柄16与皮肤表面S之间的食指F不仅容易污染已消毒的皮肤S0而且严重干扰了这种选择，尤其是需选择较小的进针角度时，并且，在进针过程中需随时调低针管也即减小进针角度α以保证针管尖端111在静脉管腔V0的中央，食指F的这种夹在中间的不当位置严重干扰着这种进针角度α随时可能减小的操作，降低了穿刺成功率；进针过程如图2A所示，针管尖 端111刺破皮肤表面S经过皮下组织S1突破最近的一侧静脉壁V1，此时针孔112的部分位于静脉管腔V0内，静脉内的压力迫使血液进入针管11及输液软管13，在套管座15的透明或半透明的主体上和或透明或半透明的输液软管13上可观察到红色或暗红色的回血；观察到回血后为确保针孔112完全位于静脉管腔V0内，需调低针管11也即减小进针角度α继续进针通常为数毫米的一段距离；如遇静脉管腔V0较细、静脉显著弯曲、进针角度α不佳、操作者不熟练等情况时极易在此过程失败，出现如图2B所示的针管11锋利的尖端111贯穿对侧静脉壁V2，穿刺彻底失败；又如当出现图2C所示针管11锋利的尖端111紧邻静脉瓣Vv的情形,当针孔112贴附在静脉瓣Vv上时回血很难发生，还有一种情形是针管锋利的尖端111穿入了静脉瓣Vv虽未穿透静脉但回血不会发生，再如图2E所示针管锋利的尖端111的斜面的针孔112紧贴静脉壁内膜的情形，图2D将针管尖端斜面P及斜面内的针孔112放大示意，这些情况下操作者通常会判断针孔112尚未进入静脉管腔V0，继续进针直至贯穿静脉V，最终穿刺失败。
实施例1：
如图3A、3B等3字开头系列附图所示，本发明的实施例1包括：一个用于刺破皮肤及静脉壁的刚性的针管11，一个将针管底端部分114固定其内的针管座12；一个柔性的套管14，一个与套管底端142密封连接的套管座15，套管座15有一个主体部分151、套管座上端153、套管座侧面154，套管座顶端152与套管底端142密封连接，套管座主体151左侧有一中空的侧支155与输液软管13相连，套管座主体151上的侧支155之后是一个筒状的延伸部156，如图3C、3D所示；针管座12顶端部分121位于套管座主体151上的侧支155之后，针管座12还有上端面122、下端部分123、侧面124、底端部分125及底端面1251；一个位于筒状的套管座延伸部156内的弹性隔离塞19将套管座内腔150分为前腔150a及后腔150b；弹性材料制成的隔离塞19可在针管11抽离后再次密封，隔离塞19的前端面191形成前腔150a的底部，隔离塞的后端面192形成后腔150b的顶部，前腔150a为输液腔，正常使用时输液软管内腔130流动的药液经侧支155进入套管座内腔150的前腔150a再经套管内腔140从套管顶端开口144进入静脉内腔V0(如图2F)；针管11的前端部分113穿过隔离塞19位于套管内腔140；所述针管11的前端部分113是指位于套管内腔140及套管座内腔150的前腔150a内的针管；套管顶端141包覆了锋利的针管尖端111；即锋利的针管尖端111未从套管顶端开口144内露出。
彼此套接的针管座12与套管座15之间设有至少一受到外力会发生形变的包括可选择压缩弹簧18a在内的弹力部件18，所述彼此套接，是指筒状的套管座延伸部156与筒状的针管 座12主体之间的套接，可以是套管座延伸部156套入针管座内腔120，也可以是针管座12套入套管座延伸部156，套接的部分可以互为导向的相对轴向滑动，所述轴向的轴是指针管11及套管14的中心轴线L1。
本实施例中的弹力部件18为压缩弹簧18a，压缩弹簧18a底端与针管座12内腔120的底端相抵，压缩弹簧18a顶端与套管座延伸部156的底端面1563相抵；当然作为变通，压缩弹簧18a顶端也可以和弹性隔离塞19后端面192相抵。
本实施例中的针管座12主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部156套设其内，针管座12主体上连有针管座手柄16；具体为垂直型针管座手柄16a，包括两个从针管座12主体上端面122伸出的呈叶片状的便于手指把持的部分为垂直部165，所述垂直是指，留置针针管11于水平面之上平行放置或以穿刺点皮肤表面为水平面放置其上，针管尖端111的斜面P朝上时，针管座手柄16便于手指把持的部分在穿刺开始的使用状态下与水平面垂直或近似垂直，即是垂直部165与水平面垂直或近似垂直，此种条件下目前临床使用的留置针针管座手柄则与水平面平行；其中右侧垂直型针管座手柄16a2与针管座12固定连为一体，左侧垂直型针管座手柄16a1与针管座12主体是带有两个径向缝隙G1的可活动的轴向的线条状连接163，两个径向缝隙G1之间的弧形的针管座12部分为垂直型针管座手柄16a的弧形部164，弧形部164在针管座12主体上端面122与垂直部165相连，本实施例的右侧垂直型针管座手柄16a2则未设弧形部164；垂直型针管座手柄16a1弧形部164内侧设有一个在外力驱使下可以接触到套管座延伸部156的接触部件17，具体可包括一个弧形部164内侧的局部凸起17a，如图3E中所示。
如图3A、3F所示，使用时，首先操作者一手固定针管座12，一手作用于套管座15驱动其向着接近针管座12的方向轴向移动，所述轴向的轴是指针管11及套管14的中心轴线L1，并迫使二者之间的压缩弹簧18a发生压缩形变储存弹性势能，针管尖端111从包覆其的套管顶端141露出；同时把套管座侧支155顺延而来的输液软管13卡入针管座手柄16a1垂直部165外侧面底端的开口向上的挂钩1651内，使其悬挂在针管座手柄16a1垂直部165外侧面；随即两个手指相对按压两个垂直型针管座手柄16a1、16a2使二者对合，弧形部164以线条状连接163为旋转轴向套管座延伸部156旋转接近或直接受压变形，直至弧形部164内侧的局部凸起17a接触并压迫套管座延伸部156表面，使二者不能轴向的相对移动，操作者的拇指T按压着垂直型针管座手柄16a1及其上悬挂的输液软管13，此时的输液软管13是受压管腔130向内形变的输液软管131，也即被压凹的输液软管131，如图3H所示。
当静脉穿刺过程中虽未见到回血但操作者判断针管尖端111可能已进入静脉管腔V0内， 例如操作者体验到了刺穿一侧静脉管壁V1的突破感而静脉V血液压力不够时，为了准确判断针管尖端111的针孔112是否进入静脉管腔V0，操作者仅需轻轻减小拇指T对垂直型针管座手柄16a1的按压力度，此时因输液软管13自身的弹性(输液软管通常选用TPE、TPU、PVC等弹性材料制作)，受压区域的输液软管131的形态从压凹状态部分或全部的恢复至复原状态的输液软管132，如图3I所示，无论是部分复原还是完全复原其产生的负压吸引力将血液主动吸引至针管内腔110，而流经针管上部分缺损的回血观察孔W1，回血透过透明或半透明的套管14而被人眼及时观察到；这种回血方式显然是主动式的回血，而且极为灵敏，只要针孔112部分进入静脉管腔V0就可观察到回血，故而为“主动式灵敏回血”。
见到回血后进一步放松手指对两个垂直型针管座手柄16a1、16a2的夹紧力度，同时中指M抵住针管座底端面1251，如图3G所示；因弧形部164线条状连接163部分的复原力而使针管座手柄16a1状态复原，弧形部164内侧的局部凸起17a解除对套管座延伸部156表面的压迫，压缩弹簧18a的弹性势能释放，推动套管座轴向前移使套管顶端部分141包覆针管尖端111，如图3D。
针管尖端111被相对柔性的套管顶端141包覆后，手指再夹紧两个垂直型针管座手柄16a1、16a2继续进针数毫米至合适程度，一手按压套管座主体151另一手抽离针管座12，最终二者分离如图3J状态，成功完成穿刺，仅柔性的套管14留置在静脉管腔V0内，弹性隔离塞19因自身弹性复原力在针管11抽离后将容纳针管11的通道自动封闭对外流体隔离。
在本发明中，包括压缩弹簧18a在内的弹力部件18形变后的弹性复原力大于套管座内腔150的弹性隔离塞19对穿越其内的针管部分115的阻力，这种阻力是指因弹性隔离塞19对穿越其内的针管部分115存在的压迫力而在抽离过程中形成的隔离塞19与针管11外表面之间的摩擦阻力。
作为本实施例的一种优化结构，图3K展示出一种指托1252，具体可以是针管座底端部分125设有与手指尤其是中指外侧轮廓适形的指托1252，指托1252可以是独立部件套接在针管座底端部分125，也可以是针管座底端部分125的与手指外侧轮廓适形的部分，所述适形的部分是指便于与手指外侧相抵的截面C型的向右上方略倾斜的片状延伸部分；指托1252的设置目的是为了在弹力部件18的弹力释放时更好的对抗针管座12因弹力所致的向后方的移动，也即远离针管尖端111的方向运动；是对图3F所示的中指M抵住形状圆钝的针管座底端面1251的方法的改进，使操作者更为轻松舒适。
实施例2：
如图4A、4B所示，与实施例2的方案不同的是，还包括与垂直型针管座手柄16a的垂直 部165前端161相连的叶片状的侧向延伸部166；侧向延伸部166与手指接触可使手指能够阻止当因弹力部件18的弹性势能释放产生的弹性复原力而导致的针管座12的向后方的移动，所述“后方”也是指与套管座15运动相反的方向；具体是两个垂直型针管座手柄16a1、16a2均连有侧向延伸部166，拇指T、食指F与侧向延伸部166内侧面相抵，侧向延伸部166可有效阻止针管座12向后方的移动；在此设计下可以替代指托1252的功能。
实施例3：
如图5A、5B所示，与实施例2的方案不同的是，还包括与垂直型针管座手柄16a的垂直部165前端161相连的叶片状的侧向延伸部166及与侧向延伸部166相连的后向弯折部1661。后向弯折部1661的设置使得操作者的两个手指末端分别夹在对应的针管座手柄的垂直部165与后向弯折部1661之间，这种指夹式的手柄结构不仅使操控稳定性进一步提升而且手指可以通过推动后向弯折部1661主动的解除针管座手柄16的接触部件17对套管座延伸部156的约束力，从而更快的将弹力部件18的弹性势能释放。
图5B中的局部剖切立体分解结构示意图展示出侧向延伸部166下端的开口1665，朝向左侧的开口1665用以容纳输液软管13并与游离端朝上的挂钩1651共同将部分输液软管13悬挂在左侧垂直型针管座手柄16a1外侧面上。
如图5B所示，弧形部164内侧面上设有条块状的镶嵌凸起17b，而相对应的套管座延伸部156设有相适形的限位槽1561，限位槽1561可以是延伸部156表面向下的横向或纵向的凹陷，也可以是贯通至套管座后腔150b的贯通槽，所述相对应的位置是指当压缩弹簧18a被压缩而使针管尖端111从套管顶端141露出准备穿刺时，凸起17b可被压入限位槽1561内。
如图5B所示，在套管座延伸部156的表面设有包括标记线、标记点在内的指示距离的标记1564，标记1564可以是印刷的线条也可以是局部的横向的凸筋或凹槽，可以是一个也可以是多个；当设置一个标记时，操作中标记1564的出现可提示套管顶端141已将针管尖端111包覆；当设置多个标记时，操作中不同位置标记1564的出现可提示套管顶端开口144与针管尖端111的具体距离，可指导是否可以抽离针管11。
实施例4：
如图6A、6B、6C所示，与实施例3的方案不同的是，不仅包括与垂直型针管座手柄16a的垂直部165前端161相连的叶片状的侧向延伸部166及与侧向延伸部166相连的后向弯折部1661，还有水平延伸部1662；与垂直部165、侧向延伸部166、后向弯折部1661的上缘连接，本实施例左右两侧均设有水平延伸部1662。
水平延伸部1662的设置使得操作者的两个手指末端分别套在或是包裹在对应的针管座 手柄的垂直部165、侧向延伸部166、后向弯折部1661、水平延伸部1662及弧形部164共同形成的套囊状的空间内，如图6A，这种指套式的手柄结构不仅可以使手指主动驱使后向弯折部1661侧向移动而解除针管座手柄16的接触部件17对套管座延伸部156的约束力，而且使操控更为稳定达到手指-手柄融合即“指-针合一”的理想效果。
与实施例3中的凸起17b嵌入限位槽1561的结构不同，如图6B所示套管座延伸部156表面设有多条径向展开轴向排列的弧线状凹陷1562，弧形部164内侧设有可压入弧线状凹陷1562内的凸筋17c，通过凸筋17c对弧线状凹陷1562的压力而最终阻止压缩弹簧18a形态复原。
作为一种变通，如图6C所示，针管座手柄16为独立部件或组件构成的独立型针管座手柄16e，与针管座12连为一体使用。所述独立型针管座手柄16e是指其为独立的部件或组件，与针管座12包括使用卡扣结构在内的套接或粘接为一体，相比与针管座主体一体式模塑加工成型，容易采用两种性能不同的材料，某些特殊临床要求更容易满足，某些规格批量生产更为容易，某些规格组装相对简单。
图6C中所示的独立的垂直型针管座手柄16e，由位于底部的半圆形的连接部1641将两个手柄的弧形部164连为一体，通过弧形部164内侧面的纵向凸筋1642卡入针管座12中部开窗区域W3的截面为弧型的纵向延伸的连接部126内，最终与针管座12连为一体。
实施例5：
如图7所示，与以上实施例的方案最大的不同是，两个垂直型针管座手柄16a1、16a2的垂直部165的后端162连为一体，最大程度减少了两个垂直型针管座手柄16a1、16a2的相对移动对操作的干扰，使操控更为稳定。
实施例6：
如图8所示，与以上实施例的方案最大的不同是，两个垂直型针管座手柄16a1、16a2的垂直部165的上端连为一体，内部空间1650容纳套管座延伸部156，针管座12至少一侧设有三面开口的U形缝隙G2，从而形成一个条片状的垂直部游离臂1652；游离臂1652可以以游离臂1652与垂直部165的线状连接部分1653为轴向内旋转，游离臂1652游离端的内侧设有接触部件17，具体为一个条块状的镶嵌凸起17d；在套接其内的套管座延伸部156上的相对应位置设有至少一个限位槽1561(未显示)。
实施例7：
如图9A、9B所示，针管座12主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部156 套设其内，针管座12主体上连有针管座手柄16；此方案最大的不同是，针管座手柄16具体为一个垂直型针管座手柄16b，包括一个从针管座12主体上端面122伸出的呈叶片状的便于手指把持的部分为垂直部165，垂直部165一侧(图中所示为左侧)相连一个条片状的垂直部游离臂1652，游离臂1652可以以游离臂1652与垂直部165的线状连接部分1653为轴向内旋转，游离臂1652游离端的内侧设有接触部件17，具体为一个条块状的镶嵌凸起17d；针管座12主体与游离臂1652游离端对应的针管座侧面124部分设有一贯通的开窗区域W2，与贯通的开窗区域W2对应的套管座延伸部156表面设有至少一个包括贯通槽在内的限位槽1561，条块状的镶嵌凸起17d可嵌入限位槽1561内。
单个设置的垂直型针管座手柄16b有一向两侧突出的侧向延伸部166，侧向延伸部166上端连有叶片状的前向弯折部1663，前向弯折部1663设有一容纳输液软管13的开口1664。
使用时，如图9B，拇指T夹持针管座手柄16b左侧面，食指F夹持针管座手柄16b右侧面，使垂直部游离臂1652游离端的条块状的镶嵌凸起17d嵌入套管座延伸部156上的限位槽1561内，同时压凹纵向骑跨在针管座手柄16b上端输液软管13，此时针尖斜面P朝上，套管座侧支155亦朝上即垂直于水平面，与垂直型针管座手柄16b的垂直部165同向。
为了增加操控的稳定性，垂直型针管座手柄16b的垂直部165后端162上设有指托1655。
实施例8：
如图10A、10B所示，与实施例7的不同是，为了便于手指同时压迫垂直部游离臂1652及输液软管13，垂直部165上端有一便于输液软管13纵向骑跨的下凹区域1654；更便于手指同时压凹纵向骑跨在针管座手柄16b下凹区域1654上的输液软管13；针管座手柄16b的垂直部165后端162上设有指托1655，指托1655上端设有利于容纳输液软管13的开口。
实施例9：
如图11A、11B所示，与前述实施例最大的不同是针管座12主体上连有针管座手柄16；具体为水平型针管座手柄16c，包括从针管座12主体侧面124伸出的呈叶片状的便于手指把持的水平部167，所述水平是指，留置针针管11于水平面之上平行放置，针管尖端111的斜面P朝上时，针管座手柄16便于手指把持的部分与水平面平行或近似平行，即是水平部167与水平面平行或近似平行，与目前临床护士常使用的“水平持针”型留置针构象相似；水平部167上表面相连一个弓形的条片状的水平部游离臂1673，游离臂1673可以以游离臂1673与水平部167的线状连接部分1674为轴向内旋转，游离臂1673游离端的内侧设有接触部件17，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起17e；针管座12主体与游离臂1673游离端对应的部分设有一贯通的开窗区域W2，与贯通的开窗区域W2对应的套管座延伸部156表面设有包括 贯通槽在内的限位槽1561，条块状的镶嵌凸起17e可嵌入限位槽1561内。
如图11B所示，使用时一手两个手指把持固定水平型针管座手柄16c不接触游离臂1673的部分，另一手将套管座15主体轴向下拉，弹力部件18压缩形变，针管尖端111从后退的套管顶端开口144露出，随即手指按压水平型针管座手柄16c上表面相连的游离臂1673，游离臂1673以线状连接部分1674为轴向内也即向针管中心轴线L1方向旋转或直接受压变形而使游离臂1673游离端的镶嵌凸起17e嵌入套管座延伸部156的限位槽1561内，针管座12与套管座15二者不能轴向的相对移动。
穿刺见到回血后降低或解除手指对针管座手柄16c的按压力使游离臂1673复位，镶嵌凸起17e从套管座15上的限位槽1561内移出，弹力部件18的弹性势能释放推动套管座15向远离针管座12的方向移动，而最终使柔软的套管顶端141包覆了锋利的针管尖端111。
为了对抗弹力部件18的弹力释放时针管座12因弹力所致的向后方的移动也即远离针管尖端111的方向运动，水平型针管座手柄16c的呈叶片状的水平部167前端连有叶片状的向上延伸部168，向上延伸部168内侧面可以与手指主要是拇指T相抵而阻止针管座12向后方的移动。
套管座15可旋转至与输液软管13相连的侧支155位于水平型针管座手柄16c同侧，输液软管13从针管座手柄16c下表面穿过，按上述步骤使用时输液软管13可夹在食指F(未显示)与针管座手柄16c下表面之间，输液软管13被压凹后复原即可实现主动式灵敏回血。
实施例10：
如图12A、12B所示，与实施例9最大的不同是，水平型针管座手柄16c的呈叶片状的水平部167前端连有叶片状的向上延伸部168，向上延伸部168上端连接有水平展开的后向弯折部1681，从而使水平型针管座手柄16c的水平部167与后向弯折部1681构成一个指夹结构，提升了操控的稳定性。
输液软管13从水平型针管座手柄16c水平部167上表面经过，水平部167底端设有向上开口的向上的折边1671，手柄16c水平部167上表面设有利于手指固定输液软管13的浅槽1672。
实施例11：
如图13A、13B等13开头系列附图所示，针管座12主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部156套设其内，针管座12主体上连有针管座手柄16；具体为指环型针管座手柄16d，包括从针管座12主体上端面122向上、向后延伸出的呈卷曲叶片状的便于手指 把持的卷曲部169；如图13B，使用时食指F接触卷曲部169内侧1691，拇指T接触卷曲部169外侧1692，卷曲部169有一向前延伸的卷曲部169游离臂1693，其游离端设有接触部件17，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起17f；针管座12主体与游离臂1693游离端对应的上端面122部分设有一贯通的开窗区域W4，与贯通的开窗区域W4对应的套管座延伸部156表面设有包括贯通槽在内的限位槽1561，条块状的镶嵌凸起17f可嵌入限位槽1561内。
如图13C，当压缩弹簧18a被压缩变形且镶嵌凸起17f嵌入限位槽1561内，针管尖端111露出，同时输液软管13纵向骑跨在指环型针管座手柄16d的卷曲部169外侧1692，此时针尖斜面P朝上，套管座侧支155亦朝上。
如图13D，拇指T压凹输液软管131，镶嵌凸起17f依然嵌入限位槽1561内，压缩弹簧18a被压缩变形。
如图13E，拇指T减小对压凹输液软管131的压力使之复原或部分复原至输液软管132的状态，产生负压吸引静脉管腔V0内的血液，而此时镶嵌凸起17f依然嵌入限位槽1561内，压缩弹簧18a被压缩变形。
见到回血后，如图13F，拇指T进一步减小对针管座手柄16d的卷曲部169外侧1692的压力，游离臂1693因自身弹性复原，带动镶嵌凸起17f从限位槽1561内脱出，压缩弹簧18a释放，推动套管座15前移，针管尖端111被套管顶端141包覆。
实施例12：
如图14A、14B等14开头系列附图所示，与实施例11最大的不同是，从针管座12主体上端面122向上、向后延伸出的呈卷曲叶片状的便于手指把持的卷曲部169，向后延伸的卷曲部169继续向下延伸与针管座上端面122融合，形成闭环的指环型针管座手柄16d；卷曲部169游离臂1693的游离端设有接触部件17，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起17f；游离臂1693还有一个探向并可触及套管座15主体上端153的分支1694，与分支1694相对应的套管座上端153部分设有一被膜片状弹性体E封闭的贯通的开窗区域W5，弹性体E内侧面E1连接套管座前腔150a即输液腔，游离臂1693分支1694末端1695可接触并压迫弹性体E外侧面E2，使弹性体E略凸向套管座前腔150a内，可将套管座前腔150a内的药液从针孔112排出一滴或数滴，当穿刺有突破感时而未见明显回血，可放松手指解除游离臂1693分支1694末端1695对弹性体E的压迫，弹性体E形状复原产生的负压吸引力可将静脉管腔V0内的血液顺利轻松的吸入针孔112，使回血更为灵敏。
使用过程可如下：
第一步：如图14C，压缩弹簧18a受压变形，游离臂1693上的镶嵌凸起17f较浅的嵌 入限位槽1561内，针管尖端111露出，套管座上端153开窗区域W5内的膜片状弹性体E未受游离臂1693分支1694末端1695压迫。
第二步：如图14D，压缩弹簧18a受压变形，游离臂1693上的镶嵌凸起17f较深的嵌入限位槽1561内，针管尖端111露出，套管座上端153开窗区域W5内的膜片状弹性体E受游离臂1693分支1694末端1695压迫而向着套管座前腔150a内变形，将套管座前腔150a内的药液从针孔112排出一滴或数滴。
第三步：穿刺操作，如图14C，压缩弹簧18a受压变形，游离臂1693上的镶嵌凸起17f较浅的嵌入限位槽1561内，针管尖端111露出，减小拇指T对卷曲部169外侧1692按压力度，解除游离臂1693分支1694末端1695对套管座上端153开窗区域W5内的膜片状弹性体E的压迫，膜片状弹性体E复原，负压吸引力产生主动式灵敏回血。
第四步：如图14E，进一步减小拇指T对卷曲部169外侧1692按压力度，游离臂1693上的镶嵌凸起17f从限位槽1561内脱出，压缩弹簧18a释放，推动套管座15前移，针管尖端111被套管顶端141包覆。
本实施例的指环型针管座手柄16d卷曲部169有左侧、右侧两个开口，作为变通可封闭一侧开口而成为类似实施例4的指套式手柄，进一步提升操作的稳定性。
各种类型的输液器均可以本发明的静脉留置针1替换输液器连带的穿刺针。

Claims (21)

  1. 一种安全型静脉留置针，包括：一个用于刺破皮肤及静脉壁的刚性的针管(11)，一个将针管底端部分(114)固定其内的针管座(12)；一个柔性的套管(14)，一个与套管底端(142)密封连接的套管座(15)，套管座(15)有一中空的侧支(155)与输液软管(13)相连，一个位于筒状的套管座延伸部(156)内的弹性隔离塞(19)将套管座内腔(150)分为前腔(150a)及后腔(150b)；针管(11)的前端部分(113)穿过隔离塞(19)位于套管内腔(140)；其特征在于，彼此套接的针管座(12)与套管座(15)之间设有至少一受到外力会发生形变的包括可选择压缩弹簧(18a)在内的弹力部件(18)；还包括至少一个可与针管座(12)连为一体的针管座手柄(16)，针管座手柄(16)上设有一个可在外力驱使下可以接触到套管座(15)的接触部件(17)；弹力部件(18)形变复原后可使套管顶端(141)包覆锋利的针管尖端(111)；弹力部件(18)形变后的弹性复原力大于位于套管座内腔(150)的弹性隔离塞(19)对穿越其内的针管部分(115)的阻力。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，针管座(12)主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部(156)套设其内，针管座(12)主体上连有针管座手柄(16)；具体为垂直型针管座手柄(16a)，包括两个从针管座(12)主体上端面(122)伸出的呈叶片状的便于手指把持的部分为垂直部(165)，其中至少一个垂直型针管座手柄(16a)与针管座(12)主体是带有两个径向缝隙(G1)的可活动的轴向的线条状连接(163)，两个径向缝隙(G1)之间的弧形的针管座(12)部分为垂直型针管座手柄(16a)的弧形部(164)，弧形部(164)在针管座(12)主体上端面(122)与垂直部(165)相连；垂直型针管座手柄(16a)弧形部(164)内侧设有一个在外力驱使下可以接触到套管座延伸部(156)的接触部件(17)，具体可包括一个弧形部(164)内侧的局部凸起(17a)。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，还包括与垂直型针管座手柄(16a)的垂直部(165)前端(161)相连的叶片状的侧向延伸部(166)。
  4. 根据权利要求2所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，还包括与垂直型针管座手柄(16a)的垂直部(165)前端(161)相连的叶片状的侧向延伸部(166)及与侧向延伸部(166)相连的后向弯折部(1661)。
  5. 根据权利要求2所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，还包括与垂直型针管座手柄(16a)的垂直部(165)前端(161)相连的叶片状的侧向延伸部(166)及与侧向延伸部(166)相连的后向弯折部(1661)，还有水平延伸部(1662)；水平延伸部(1662)与垂直部(165)、侧向延伸部(166)、后向弯折部(1661)的上缘连接。
  6. 根据权利要求2所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，针管座底端部分(125)设有与手指尤其是中指(M)外侧轮廓适形的指托(1252)。
  7. 根据权利要求2所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，两个垂直型针管座手柄(16a1、16a2)的垂直部(165)的后端(162)连为一体。
  8. 根据权利要求2所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，两个垂直型针管座手柄(16a1、16a2)的垂直部(165)的上端连为一体，至少一侧设有三面开口的U形缝隙(G2)，从而形成一个条片状的垂直部(165)游离臂(1652)；游离臂(1652)可以以游离臂(1652)与垂直部(165)的线状连接部分(1653)为轴向内旋转，游离臂(1652)游离端的内侧设有接触部件(17)，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起(17d)。
  9. 根据权利要求2所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，垂直型针管座手柄(16a)的接触部件(17)具体为弧形部(164)内侧设有的至少一个线条状的凸筋(17c)；在线条状的凸筋(17c)相对应位置的套管座延伸部(156)表面设有至少一个可与之嵌合的弧线状凹陷(1562)。
  10. 根据权利要求2所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，垂直型针管座手柄(16a)的接触部件(17)具体为弧形部(164)内侧的条块状的镶嵌凸起(17b)；在条块状的镶嵌凸起(17b)相对应位置的套管座延伸部(156)表面设有至少一个包括贯通槽在内的限位槽(1561)，镶嵌凸起(17b)可嵌入限位槽(1561)内。
  11. 根据权利要求1所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，针管座(12)主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部(156)套设其内，针管座(12)主体上连有针管座手柄(16)；具体为一个垂直型针管座手柄(16b)，包括一个从针管座(12)主体上端面(122)伸出的呈叶片状的便于手指把持的部分为垂直部(165)，垂直部(165)一侧相连一个条片状的垂直部游离臂(1652)，游离臂(1652)可以以游离臂(1652)与垂直部(165)的线状连接部分(1653)为轴向内旋转，游离臂(1652)游离端的内侧设有接触部件(17)，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起(17d)；针管座(12)主体与游离臂(1652)游离端对应的针管座侧面(124)部分设有一贯通的开窗区域(W2)，与贯通的开窗区域(W2)对应的套管座延伸部(156)表面设有至少一个包括贯通槽在内的限位槽(1561)，条块状的镶嵌凸起(17d)可嵌入限位槽(1561)内。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，垂直型针管座手柄(16b)有一侧向延伸部(166)，侧向延伸部(166)上端连有叶片状的前向弯折部(1663)，前向弯折部(1663)设有一容纳输液软管(13)的开口(1664)。
  13. 根据权利要求11所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，垂直型针管座手柄(16b)有一侧向延伸部(166)，侧向延伸部(166)上端连有叶片状的前向弯折部(1663)，前向弯折部(1663)设有一个部分容纳输液软管(13)的开口(1664)；垂直部(165)上端 有一便于输液软管(13)纵向骑跨的下凹区域(1654)。
  14. 根据权利要求1所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，针管座(12)主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部(156)套设其内，针管座(12)主体上连有针管座手柄(16)；具体为水平型针管座手柄(16c)，包括从针管座(12)主体侧面(124)伸出的呈叶片状的便于手指把持的水平部(167)，水平部(167)上表面相连一个弓形的条片状的水平部游离臂(1673)，游离臂(1673)可以以游离臂(1673)与水平部(167)的线状连接部分(1674)为轴向内旋转，游离臂(1673)游离端的内侧设有接触部件(17)，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起(17e)；针管座(12)主体与游离臂(1673)游离端对应的部分设有一贯通的开窗区域(W2)，与贯通的开窗区域(W2)对应的套管座延伸部(156)表面设有至少一个包括贯通槽在内的限位槽(1561)，条块状的镶嵌凸起(17e)可嵌入限位槽(1561)内。
  15. 根据权利要求14所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，套管座(15)与输液软管(13)相连的侧支(155)位于水平型针管座手柄(16c)同侧，水平型针管座手柄(16c)的呈叶片状的水平部(167)前端连有叶片状的向上延伸部(168)。
  16. 根据权利要求14所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，套管座(15)与输液软管(13)相连的侧支(155)位于水平型针管座手柄(16c)同侧，水平型针管座手柄(16b)的呈叶片状的水平部(167)前端连有叶片状的向上延伸部(168)，向上延伸部(168)上端连接有水平展开的后向弯折部(1681)。
  17. 根据权利要求1所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，针管座(12)主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部(156)套设其内，针管座(12)主体上连有针管座手柄(16)；具体为指环型针管座手柄(16d)，包括从针管座(12)主体上端面(122)向上、向后延伸出的呈卷曲叶片状的便于手指把持的卷曲部(169)，卷曲部(169)有一向前延伸的卷曲部(169)游离臂(1693)，其游离端设有接触部件(17)，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起(17f)；针管座(12)主体与游离臂(1693)游离端对应的上端面(122)部分设有一贯通的开窗区域(W4)，与贯通的开窗区域(W4)对应的套管座延伸部(156)表面设有包括贯通槽在内的限位槽(1561)，条块状的镶嵌凸起(17f)可嵌入限位槽(1561)内。
  18. 根据权利要求17所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，卷曲部(169)游离臂(1693)的游离端设有接触部件(17)，具体可包括一个条块状的镶嵌凸起(17f)；游离臂(1693)还有一个探向并可触及套管座(15)主体上端(153)的分支(1694)，与分支(1694)相对应的套管座上端(153)部分设有一被膜片状弹性体(E)封闭的贯通的开窗区域(W5)。
  19. 根据权利要求1-18所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，针管座手柄(16) 为独立部件或组件构成的独立型针管座手柄(16e)，与针管座(12)连为一体使用。
  20. 根据权利要求1-19所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，针管座(12)主体呈筒状，将外径较小的同样呈筒状的套管座延伸部(156)套设其内，在套管座延伸部(156)的表面设有包括标记线、标记点在内的指示距离的标记(1564)。
  21. 根据权利要求1-20所述的一种安全型静脉留置针，其特征在于，针管座手柄(16)设有包括可选择挂钩(1651)、下凹(1654)、开口(1664)、浅槽(1672)在内的输液软管(13)的约束、导引部件。
PCT/CN2019/081278 2018-04-16 2019-04-03 一种安全型静脉留置针 WO2019201093A1 (zh)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201810342083.0 2018-04-16
CN201810342083.0A CN108434550B (zh) 2018-04-16 2018-04-16 一种安全型静脉留置针

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
WO2019201093A1 true WO2019201093A1 (zh) 2019-10-24

Family

ID=63199987

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/CN2019/081278 WO2019201093A1 (zh) 2018-04-16 2019-04-03 一种安全型静脉留置针

Country Status (2)

Country Link
CN (1) CN108434550B (zh)
WO (1) WO2019201093A1 (zh)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109550104B (zh) * 2019-01-27 2024-01-26 浙江百获健康科技有限公司 一种可封堵的静脉导管装置
CN110585520A (zh) * 2019-09-27 2019-12-20 苏州林华医疗器械股份有限公司 颈静脉负压式可视回血置留针
CN113908376A (zh) * 2021-11-02 2022-01-11 广东爱迪医疗科技有限公司 一种便于固定的小儿留置针

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003175112A (ja) * 2001-10-02 2003-06-24 Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd 留置針構造
CN201414968Y (zh) * 2009-05-31 2010-03-03 广东龙心医疗器械有限公司 一次性使用安全静脉留置针
CN203355026U (zh) * 2013-06-24 2013-12-25 邹积岐 穿刺针芯自退式留置针
CN206214515U (zh) * 2016-08-10 2017-06-06 中国人民解放军第150中心医院 一种单手弹回针芯的静脉留置针
CN206700475U (zh) * 2016-11-16 2017-12-05 李卫林 一种y型安全留置针
CN206995555U (zh) * 2016-12-23 2018-02-13 欧阳小青 一种穿刺针用防刺伤的保护装置

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP5125876B2 (ja) * 2008-08-20 2013-01-23 ニプロ株式会社 挿入装置
CN202478301U (zh) * 2012-02-08 2012-10-10 山东新华安得医疗用品有限公司 一种安全留置针
CN209951937U (zh) * 2018-04-16 2020-01-17 北京仰生恒泰科技有限责任公司 一种安全型静脉留置针

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2003175112A (ja) * 2001-10-02 2003-06-24 Mitsubishi Pencil Co Ltd 留置針構造
CN201414968Y (zh) * 2009-05-31 2010-03-03 广东龙心医疗器械有限公司 一次性使用安全静脉留置针
CN203355026U (zh) * 2013-06-24 2013-12-25 邹积岐 穿刺针芯自退式留置针
CN206214515U (zh) * 2016-08-10 2017-06-06 中国人民解放军第150中心医院 一种单手弹回针芯的静脉留置针
CN206700475U (zh) * 2016-11-16 2017-12-05 李卫林 一种y型安全留置针
CN206995555U (zh) * 2016-12-23 2018-02-13 欧阳小青 一种穿刺针用防刺伤的保护装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108434550B (zh) 2020-06-16
CN108434550A (zh) 2018-08-24

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5552427B2 (ja) 医療器具
JP4772263B2 (ja) 切開装置用のキャップ
US4108175A (en) Catheter insertion apparatus
ES2710327T3 (es) Conjuntos de agujas con indicador de retroceso y método relacionado
WO2019201093A1 (zh) 一种安全型静脉留置针
JP5253385B2 (ja) 留置針組立体
BR112018008217B1 (pt) Insersor de lente intraocular
JP2011045543A (ja) 留置針組立体
CN105263558B (zh) 导管组装体
JPWO2007132732A1 (ja) 留置針組立体
JP2011045544A (ja) 留置針組立体
WO2006027923A1 (ja) 留置針組立体
CA3169051A1 (en) An intravenous catheter device
JP7134410B2 (ja) 留置針および留置針組立体
CN209951937U (zh) 一种安全型静脉留置针
CN108339176B (zh) 一种安全型静脉输液针
CN108338793B (zh) 一种静脉采血针
CN115068741B (zh) 防逆流防针刺留置针
BR112021016165B1 (pt) Conjunto de extensão, sistema de cateter e método para prender um tubo de extensão
JP4432326B2 (ja) 留置用カテーテル
CN217310497U (zh) 一种便于识别感应压力的注射装置
CN209529821U (zh) 一种安全型静脉输液针及一种输液器
CN111528864B (zh) 一种针尖可封堵式静脉采血针
CN208808493U (zh) 一种静脉采血针
JP4423861B2 (ja) 留置用カテーテル

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
121 Ep: the epo has been informed by wipo that ep was designated in this application

Ref document number: 19787567

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1

NENP Non-entry into the national phase

Ref country code: DE

122 Ep: pct application non-entry in european phase

Ref document number: 19787567

Country of ref document: EP

Kind code of ref document: A1