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WO2019241091A1 - Non tissés et articles absorbants comportant des non tissés façonnés, doux et texturés - Google Patents

Non tissés et articles absorbants comportant des non tissés façonnés, doux et texturés Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019241091A1
WO2019241091A1 PCT/US2019/036230 US2019036230W WO2019241091A1 WO 2019241091 A1 WO2019241091 A1 WO 2019241091A1 US 2019036230 W US2019036230 W US 2019036230W WO 2019241091 A1 WO2019241091 A1 WO 2019241091A1
Authority
WO
WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
region
nonwoven fabric
regions
rms
nonwoven
Prior art date
Application number
PCT/US2019/036230
Other languages
English (en)
Inventor
Sara L. GIOVANNI
Arman Ashraf
Paul T. WEISMAN
Original Assignee
The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by The Procter & Gamble Company filed Critical The Procter & Gamble Company
Priority to JP2020567926A priority Critical patent/JP7116807B2/ja
Priority to RU2020136117A priority patent/RU2761796C1/ru
Priority to CA3101057A priority patent/CA3101057A1/fr
Priority to EP19733367.7A priority patent/EP3806798B1/fr
Priority to GB2020291.7A priority patent/GB2589259B/en
Priority to BR112020024573-9A priority patent/BR112020024573A2/pt
Priority to EP23212965.0A priority patent/EP4328367A3/fr
Priority to DE112019003011.6T priority patent/DE112019003011T5/de
Priority to CN201980037624.1A priority patent/CN112236114A/zh
Publication of WO2019241091A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019241091A1/fr

Links

Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
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    • A61F13/15642—Making absorbent pads from fibres or pulverulent material with or without treatment of the fibres by depositing continuous layers or pads of fibrous material on single sheets or webs
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    • A61F13/51394—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin characterised by its function or properties, e.g. stretchability, breathability, rewet, visual effect; having areas of different permeability creating a visual effect, e.g. having a printed or coloured topsheet, printed or coloured sub-layer but being visible from the topsheet, other than embossing for purposes of bonding, wicking, acquisition, leakage-prevention
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F2013/51078—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being embossed
    • A61F2013/51088—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers being embossed in very fine microtexture
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
    • A61F13/51401—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material
    • A61F2013/51441—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material being a fibrous material
    • A61F2013/51452—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by the material being a fibrous material being nonwovens
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers
    • A61F13/514—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin
    • A61F13/51474—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure
    • A61F2013/51486—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure with specially shaped backsheets
    • A61F2013/5149—Backsheet, i.e. the impermeable cover or layer furthest from the skin characterised by its structure with specially shaped backsheets being embossed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
    • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
    • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
    • A61F13/84—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads
    • A61F2013/8497—Accessories, not otherwise provided for, for absorbent pads having decorations or indicia means
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/021—Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophobic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2401/00—Physical properties
    • D10B2401/02—Moisture-responsive characteristics
    • D10B2401/022—Moisture-responsive characteristics hydrophylic
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D10—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBLASSES OF SECTION D, RELATING TO TEXTILES
    • D10B2509/00—Medical; Hygiene
    • D10B2509/02—Bandages, dressings or absorbent pads
    • D10B2509/026—Absorbent pads; Tampons; Laundry; Towels

Definitions

  • the non woven fabrics of the present disclosure may form at least a portion of a wearer-facing surface (e.g., topsheet) and at least a portion of a garment-facing surface (e.g., outer cover nonwoven material).
  • Softness, texture (i.e., smoothness), and/or stiffness may be measured by an Emtee Tissue Softness Analyzer, according to the Emtec Test herein. Tactile softness is measured as TS7. Texture/Smoothness is measured as TS750. Stiffness is measured as D.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic representation of an example apparatus for making a nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 8 is a detail of a portion of the apparatus of FIG. 7 for bonding a portion of a fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 9 is a further detail of a portion of the apparatus for bonding a portion of a fabric of the present disclosure, taken from detail FIG. 9 in FIG. 8.
  • FIG. 10 is a detail of a portion of the apparatus for optional additional bonding of a portion of a nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional depiction of a portion of the forming belt of FIG. 12.
  • FIG. 15 is an image of a portion of a mask utilized to at least in part create the forming belt of FIG. 16.
  • FIG. 16 is a photograph of a portion of a forming belt useful for forming a nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 17 is an image of a portion of a mask utilized to at least in part create the forming belt of FIG. 18.
  • FIG. 24 is a plan view' of a nonwoven substrate including nonwoven fabrics of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 28 is a Micro CT perspective view' image of an example nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 29 is a Micro CT image of a cross section of the example nonwoven fabric of FIGS. 27 and 28.
  • FIG. 32 is a photograph of a portion of an example nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 33 is a photograph of a portion of an example nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 34 is a photograph of a portion of an example nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 35 is a photograph of a portion of an example nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FiG. 36 is a photograph of a cross section of the example nonwoven fabric of FIGS. 36 and 35.
  • FIG. 37 is a photograph of a portion of an example nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 38 is a photograph of a portion of an example nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 39 is a photograph of a portion of an example nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 40 is a photograph of a portion of an example nonwoven fabric of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 41 is a Micro CT plan view image of the example nonwoven fabric of FIGS. 27 and 28 after experiencing additional processing.
  • FIG. 43 is an illustration of an example page comprising a plurality of absorbent articles.
  • FIG. 45 is a back perspective view of the absorbent article of FIG. 44.
  • FIGS. 49-50 are example patterns of outer cover nonwoven materials of the present disclosure.
  • the shaped nonwoven fabric 10 may be a spunbond nonwoven substrate having a first surface 12 and a second surface 14.
  • second surface 14 is facing the viewer and is opposite the first surface 12, wiiich is unseen in FIGS. 1-3 but is depicted in FIG. 4.
  • the term “surface” is used broadly to refer to the two sides of a web for descriptive purposes, and is not intended to infer any necessary flatness or smoothness.
  • the shaped nonwoven fabric 10 is soft and flexible, it will be described in a flattened condition the context of one or more X-Y planes parallel to the flattened condition, and which correspond in web-making technology to the plane of the cross-machine direction, CD, and machine direction, MD, respectively, as shown in FIGS. 1-3.
  • the nonwoven fabrics shown in FIGS. 1-4 may be fluid permeable.
  • the entire nonwoven fabric may be considered fluid permeable.
  • Regions or zones may be fluid permeable.
  • fluid permeable as used herein, with respect to the nonwoven fabric is meant that the nonwoven fabric has at least one zone which permits liquid to pass through under in-use conditions of a consumer product.
  • the nonwoven fabric may have at least one zone having a level of fluid permeability permitting urine to pass through to an underlying absorbent core.
  • fluid permeable as used herein with respect to a region is meant that the region exhibits a porous structure that permits liquid to pass through.
  • the three-dimensional features of the nonwoven fabric 10 may be formed by depositing, such as by carding, air laying, spinning from solution, or melt spinning, fibers directly onto a forming belt having a pattern of corresponding three-dimensional features.
  • the nonwoven fabric 10 is molded onto a forming belt that determines the shapes of the three- dimensional features of the fabric 10.
  • the apparatus and method of the present disclosure produce the nonwoven fabric 10 such that in addition to taking the shape of the forming belt, because of the attributes of the forming belt and the apparatus for forming the fabric, it is imparted with beneficial properties for use in absorbent articles, garments, medical products, and cleaning products.
  • the outlining visually discernible curvilinear closed heart- shaped element is formed by a corresponding closed heart-shaped raised element on the forming belt to make the closed figure of a heart on fabric 10.
  • the individual shapes in the case of first three-dimensional feature in FIG. 1 , a heart shape
  • the second surface 14 of nonwoven fabric 10 may be wearer-facing to deliver superior aesthetic and performance benefits related to softness, compression resistance, and fluid absorption.
  • the present disclosure may utilize the process of melt spinning in melt spinning, there is no mass loss in the extrudate.
  • Melt spinning is differentiated from other spinning, such as wet or dry spinning from solution, where a solvent is being eliminated by volatilizing or diffusing out of the extrudate resulting in a mass loss.
  • Melt spinning may occur at from about 150°C to about 280° or at from about 190° to about 230°.
  • Fiber spinning speeds may be greater than 100 meters/minute, and may be from about 1 ,000 to about 10,000 meters/minute, and may be from about 2,000 to about 7,000 meters/minute, and may be from about 2,500 to about 5,000 meters/minute.
  • Spinning speeds may affect the brittleness of the spun fiber, and, in general, the higher the spinning speed, the less brittle the fiber.
  • Continuous fibers may be produced through spunbond methods or meltblowing processes.
  • a nonwoven fabric 10 of the present disclosure may comprise continuous multicomponent polymeric filaments comprising a primary polymeric component and a secondary polymeric component.
  • the filaments may be continuous bicomponent filaments comprising a primary’ polymeric component A and a secondary polymeric component B.
  • the bicomponent filaments have a cross-section, a length, and a peripheral surface.
  • the components A and B may be arranged in substantially distinct zones across the cross-section of the bicomponent filaments and may extend continuously along the length of the bicomponent filaments.
  • the secondary component B constitutes at least a portion of the peripheral surface of the bicomponent filaments continuously along the length of the bicomponent filaments.
  • the polymeric components A and B may be melt spun into multicomponent fibers on conventional melt spinning equipment.
  • the components A and B may be arranged in either a side-by-side arrangement as shown in FIG. 5A or an eccentric sheath/core arrangement as shown in FIG. 5B to obtain filaments which exhibit a natural helical crimp.
  • the components A and B may be arranged in a concentric sheath core arrangement as shown in FIG. 5C.
  • the component A and B may be arranged in multi-lobal sheath core arrangement as shown in FIG. 6.
  • Other multicomponent fibers may be produced by using the compositions and methods of the present disclosure.
  • the bicomponent and multicomponent fibers may be segmented pie, ribbon, islands- in-the-sea configuration, or any combination thereof.
  • the sheath may be continuous or non- continuous around the core.
  • FIG. 7 a representative process line 30 for preparing fabrics 10 of the present disclosure is disclosed.
  • the process line 30 is arranged to produce a fabric of bicomponent continuous filaments, but it should be understood that the present disclosure comprehends nonwoven fabrics made with monocomponent or multicomponent filaments having more than two components.
  • Bicomponent filaments may be trilobal.
  • a stream of air from the quench blower 50 at least partially quenches the filaments, and, for certain filaments, to induce crystallization of molten filaments.
  • the quench air may flow in a direction substantially perpendicular to the length of the filaments at a temperature of about 0°C to about 35° C and a velocity from about 100 to about 400 feet per minute.
  • the filaments may be quenched sufficiently before being collected on the forming belt 60 so that the filaments may be arranged by the forced air passing through the filaments and forming surface.
  • the filaments reduces the tackiness of the filaments so that the filaments do not adhere to one another too tightly before being bonded and may be moved or arranged on the forming belt during collection of the filaments on the forming belt and formation of the web. Alter quenching, the filaments are drawn into the vertical passage of the attenuator 52 by a flow of the fiber draw unit.
  • the attenuator is may be positioned 30 to 60 inches below the bottom of the spinneret.
  • the filaments may be deposited through the outlet opening of the attenuator 52 onto the shaped, traveling forming belt 60.
  • the vacuum 64 draws the air and filaments against the forming belt 60 to form a nonwoven web of continuous filaments which assumes a shape corresponding to the shape of the forming surface.
  • the vacuum may move or arrange the filaments on the forming belt 60 as the filaments are being collected on the forming belt 60 and formed into the fabric 10.
  • the gap between the compaction rolls may be hydraulically controlled to impose desired pressure on the fabric as it passes through the compaction rolls on the forming belt.
  • the nip gap between the compaction rolls 70 and 72 may be about 1.4 mm.
  • An upper compaction roll 70 may be heated sufficiently to melt bond fibers on the first surface 12 of the nonwoven fabric 10, to impart strength to the nonwoven fabric so that it may be removed from forming belt 60 without losing integrity. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, for example, as rolls 70 and 72 rotate in the direction indicated by the arrows, belt 60 with the spunbond fabric laid down on it enter the nip formed by rolls 70 and 72. Heated roll 70 may heat the portions of nonwoven fabric 10 that are pressed against it by the raised resin elements of belt 60, i.e., in regions 21, to create bonded fibers 80 on at least first surface 12 of fabric 10. As can be understood by the description herein, the bonded regions so formed may take the pattern of the raised elements of forming belt 60.
  • the percent of point bonds in the nonwoven fabric 10 may be from about 3% to about 30% or from about 7% to about 20%.
  • the engraved pattern may be a plurality of closely spaced, regular, generally ey!indriea!ly-shaped, generally flat-topped pin shapes, with pin heights being in a range of about 0.5mm to about 5mm or from about lmm to about 3 mrn.
  • Pin bonding calendar rolls may form closely spaced, regular point bonds 90 in nonwoven fabric 10, as shown in FIG. 11. Further bonding may be by hot-air through bonding, for example.
  • “Point bonding”, as used herein, is a method of thermally bonding a nonwoven fabric, web, or substrate. This method comprises passing a web through a nip between two rolls comprising a heated male patterned or engraved metal roll and a smooth or patterned metal roll.
  • the male patterned roll may have a plurality of raised, generally cylindrical- shaped pins that produce circular point bonds.
  • the smooth roll may or may not be heated, depending on the application.
  • the nonwoven fabric which could be a non-bonded fiber web, is fed into the calendar nip and the fiber temperature is raised to the point for fibers to thermally fuse with each other at the tips of engraved points and against the smooth roll.
  • the heating time is typically in the order of milliseconds.
  • FIG. 14 represents a portion of a mask 97 showing the design and representative dimensions for one repeat unit of the repeating hearts design in the non woven fabric 10 shown in FIG. 1.
  • the white portion 98 is transparent to UV light, and in the process of making the belt, as described in US Pat. No.
  • the forming belt 60 having a cured resin design as shown in FIG. 12 is produced by seaming the ends of a length of the belt, the length of which may be determined by the design of the apparatus, as depicted in FIG. 7.
  • FIG. 17 represents a portion of a mask showing the design for one repeat unit of the repeating design in the nonwoven fabric 10 shown in FIG. 18.
  • the white portion 98 is transparent to U V light, and in the process of making the belt permits UV light to cure an underlying layer of resin which is cured to the reinforcing member 94. After the uncured resin is washed away, the forming belt 60 having a cured resin design as shown in FIG. 18 is produced by- seaming the ends of a length of fabric 10.
  • the forming belt 60 of the present disclosure allows the production of a nonwoven material that may have repeats of irregular discrete belt patterns 61 , each discrete belt pattern 61 being like the discrete belt pattern shown in FIG. 19.
  • the discrete belt patterns 61 each may be used to form one nonwoven fabric 10 having an overall area OA suitable for use in a disposable absorbent article, such as diaper or sanitary napkin, for example.
  • the nonwoven fabrics 10 may be produced sequentially, i.e., in line, and, optionally sequentially in parallel lanes, each lane being a sequential line of nonwoven fabrics 10.
  • the sequential line of nonwoven fabrics 10 may be produced in a machine direction along an axis parallel to the machine direction.
  • the nonwoven material may then be slit or otherwise cut to size to produce nonwoven fabrics 10 utilized as a topsheets in disposable absorbent articles.
  • Each discrete belt pattern within its overall area DPOA may have a first forming zone 112 having a first pattern of three-dimensional raised elements extending outwardly from the plane of the of the first surface and a second forming zone 122 having second three-dimensional raised elements extending outwardly from the plane of the of the first surface.
  • the first forming zone may have a first air permeability value and the second forming zone may have a second air permeability value, and the first air penneability value may be different from the second air permeability value.
  • the pattern within each sequentially ordered discrete belt pattern overall area DPOA may he the same or different.
  • the nonwoven substrate 11 made on belt 60 may be described as a nonwoven fabric 11 having a plurality of portions described herein as fabrics 10 ordered in at least one sequential relationship with respect to the longitudinal direction, i.e., the machine direction when made on forming belt 60, in at least one side-by-side relationship, i.e., in the cross machine direction when made on forming belt 60.
  • FIG. 24 is a schematic representation of a spunbond nonwoven substrate 11 showing the sequentially ordered fabrics 10 in adjacent machine direction lanes 13, adjacent lanes having the side-by each fabrics 10, called out in FIG. 24 as 10D, 10E, and 10F.
  • Each fabric 10 may have an overall area OA defined, in a rectangular-shaped pattern, by a length L and width W.
  • Bonding may be accomplished by relatively closely spaced point bonds 90, with the spacing being determined by the desired level of fuzzing reduction. Bonding may also be achieved by known methods for chemically or thermally bonding nonwoven fibers, such as thermal bonding, ultrasonic bonding, pressure bonding, latex adhesive bonding, and combinations of such methods.
  • the present disclosure permits beneficial characteristics best expressed with respect to the regions defined by three-dimensional features in microzones.
  • zone 110 for each three dimensional features 20 there is a visible distinction between a first region 300 and a second region 310.
  • the visible distinction may exist in the nonwoven fabric 10 without magnification; the magnified views used herein are for purposes of clear disclosure.
  • Any area that extends across the boundary between enough of first region 300 and second region 310 such that a difference in their respective intensive properties may be ascertained within the area may be a microzone.
  • light microscopy or mieroCT imagery of a structure may also be used to establish the location of regions and the area of a microzone.
  • the three-dimensional features may be characterized by the differences between intensive properties of the regions defined by them.
  • the nonwoven of the present disclosure maybe a spunbond nonwoven fabric having a first surface defining a plane of the first surface.
  • the fabric may have a plurality of three-dimensional features, each three dimensional feature defining a first region and a second region, the regions having a common intensive property that has a different value between them.
  • the first region may be distinguished as being at a higher elevation than the second region with respect to the plane of the first surface, hence exhibiting a difference in each region’s common intensive property of thickness.
  • the two regions may also be distinguished as having different densities, basis weights, and volumetric densities.
  • the two regions may be distinguished within a micro zone of the spunbond nonwoven fabric as being different with respect to common intensive properties, including properties such as thickness, density, basis weight, and volumetric density.
  • One or both regions of a microzone may be fluid permeable.
  • the higher density region of a micro/one may be fluid permeable.
  • zones 110, 120, and 130 are clearly visible, with their respective three-dimensional features 20.
  • the three-dimensional features are the dark-colored portions, with the dark color also representing the first region 300 of a three- dimensional feature 20, and the adjacent light-colored portions being the second region 310 for the three-dimensional feature 20.
  • the Micro-CT scan permits the image to be“cut” and cross - sectioned, as shown by the cut plane 450 in FIG. 28.
  • a cut plane may be placed any where on the image; for the purposes of the present disclosure, the cut plane 450 cuts a cross section substantially parallel to the Z axis so as to produce the cross-sectional image in FIG. 29.
  • the Micro-CT technology permits intensive properties to be precisely and directly measured. Thickness measurements may be made directly from imaged cross sections based on the scale magnification, such as the cross section shown in FIG. 29. Further, the color differential between first regions and second regions is representative and proportional to differences in basis weight, volumetric density, and other intensive properties, which may likewise be directly measured. Micro-CT methodology is explained below in the Test Methods section.
  • FIG. 31 show's data for groupings of first and second region measurements made within the three zones depicted in FIG. 30.
  • the x-axis is the regions, with the numbers corresponding to the numbered regions on FIG. 30.
  • First region measurements are labeled as Fn (e.g., FI) and second regions measurements are labeled as Sn (e.g., SI).
  • Fn e.g., FI
  • Sn e.g., SI
  • regions 1-5 are first regions FI, each being in zone 110.
  • Regions 6-10 are second regions SI, also being in zone 110.
  • first regions F2 are regions 16-20 in zone 120, and regions 11-15 and 21-25 are second regions S2 in zone 120.
  • regions 31-35 are first regions F3 in zone 130 and regions 26-30 are second regions S2 in zone 130.
  • the numbered regions are consistently depicted across all three graphs of FIG. 31, but for simplicity, the zones 110, 120, and 130 are depicted only on the Thickness Map
  • first region 31 and second region 27 form a microzone
  • first region 33 and second region 26 form a microzone
  • two representative microzones 400 in zone 120 are designated as the pair of regions marked as areas 19 and 24 and 17 and 22. From FIG. 31, Tables 4-7 may be populated as shown:
  • each pair of first and second regions in FIG. 30 may likewise be quantified to further populate additional rows in Table 1 , but for purposes of conciseness are not.
  • the intensive properties may be measured and tabulated as illustrated herein with reference to FIGS. 30 and 31 to understand both the difference in values for intensive properties within a zone, and differences in values of intensive properties between one region in first zone to another region in a second zone.
  • a microzone spanning two zones, such as zones 110 and zone 130, may have an even greater difference in intensive properties relative to a microzone within a single zone.
  • die microzone exhibits dramatic differences in all of thickness, basis weight and volumetric density.
  • the thickness of first region 32 of zone 130 is about 2100 microns, while the thickness of second region 8 of zone 110 is about 29 microns, or about a 72X differential or greater than about 25 microns.
  • FIGS. 32-36 are SEMs showing in greater detail certain aspects of the nonwoven fabric 10 and regions therein.
  • FIGS. 32-36 are photographs of magnified portions of zone 110 of the fabric shown in FIG. 25.
  • the nonwoven fabric 10 shown in FIG. 25 was made according to the process described above with reference to FIG. 7 in which the fabric was processed through a nip formed by compaction rolls 70 and 72, with roll 72 which contacts first side 12 being heated to cause partial bonding of fibers in the second regions 301.
  • FIGS. 32 (facing the belt) and 46 (facing the heated compaction roll) are SEMs of a portion of the second surface 14 and first surface 12, respectively, magnified to 20X.
  • the heated compaction rolls may cause thermal bonding of fibers to different degrees with a beneficial effect on the overall fabric 10.
  • the fibers in contact with a heated roll e.g , roil 70 in contact with first surface 12 of fabric 10
  • first surface 12 experiences relatively greater fiber- to-fiber bonding than does the second surface 14.
  • the bonded fibers 80 of the first surface may be substantially completely melt bonded to form, in effect, a film skin of bonded fibers, while the fibers in the second region 310 on the second side 14 may experience little to no bonding.
  • This feature permits a nonwoven fabric 10 for use in a disposable absorbent article, e.g., as a topsheet, to maintain physical integrity during manufacture and use, as well as relative softness on one side, which may be the wearer-facing, skin-contacting side.
  • this“bond skinning” effect serves the purpose of maintaining web integrity, while not significantly impacting softness, or other beneficial properties such as fluid handling properties.
  • the differential in the extent of thermal bonding of fibers may be such that fibers on the first surface 12 at a second region 310 may be complete, or substantially complete, while the extent of thermal bonding of fibers on the second surface 14 at a first region 300 may be minimal, to no thermal bonding.
  • FIG. 37 shows again the portion of nonwoven fabric 10 shown in FIG. 25.
  • FIGS. 38-40 show magnified images of one microzone, indicated in FIG. 37 as a first region 300 and second region 310, which visually appears to be a hole or an aperture.
  • Microzones therefore, play a significant role in the overall physical structure and functioning of a fabric 10 of the present disclosure.
  • a fabric 10 may exhibit visually distinct zones, microzones, and three-dimensional features that provide for functional superiority in the areas of, at least, softness and fluid handling, as well as visually attractive aesthetic designs.
  • the potential difference in physical properties of the first and second surfaces permits the nonwoven fabric 10 to be designed for both strength and softness, both form and function.
  • FIG. 41 is a Micro-CT scan image of the portion of nonwoven fabric 10 similar to that shown in FIGS. 27 and 28, but having been subjected to the additional processing step of forming point bonds 90 in the nip of calendar rollers 71 and 73.
  • first and second regions shown as numbered portions of the nonwoven fabric 10 may be analyzed, and include regions of point bonds, specifically in the numbered areas 31-35.
  • adjacent regions 32 and 26 form a microzone 400 in third zone 130.
  • the specific regions were visually discerned to identify regions including the added point bond regions and analyzed to measure thickness, basis weight, and volumetric density, and the data is produced in FIG. 42, where the thickness, basis weight and volumetric density of all the regions, including the point bond regions are quantified and compared.
  • FIG. 42 show ' s data for groupings of first and second region measurements made within the three zones depicted in FIG. 41.
  • the x-axis is the regions, with the numbers corresponding to the numbered regions on FIG. 30.
  • First region measurements are labeled as Fn (e.g., FI) and second regions measurements are labeled as Sn (e.g., SI).
  • Fn e.g., FI
  • Sn e.g., SI
  • regions 1-5 are first regions FI, each being in zone 110.
  • Regions 6-10 are second regions SI, also being in zone 110.
  • first regions F2 are regions 16-20 in zone 120
  • regions 11-15 and 21-25 are second regions S2 in zone 120.
  • regions 31-35 are second regions but are point bonds 90 denoted on FIG.
  • regions of a microzone may have broadly varying values for basis weight, thickness, and volumetric density.
  • FIG. 42 The differences in certain intensive properties for point bond microzones can be seen in FIG. 42.
  • the two point bond microzones 400 described above e.g., the two point bond microzones 400 of regions 26 and 32 and 30 and 35, respectively.
  • Other differences in intensive properties may be observed by reference to FIG. 42.
  • Bond points 90 may play a significant role in the overall physical structure and functioning of a fabric 10 of the present disclosure.
  • a fabric 10 may be further improved to exhibit an unexpected combination of visually distinct zones, microzones, and three-dimensional features that provide for functional superiority in the high performance combination of softness, strength, low fuzz, and fluid handling, as well as visually attractive aesthetic designs.
  • the bond point feature provides for a nonwoven fabric 10 to be designed for the highest combined performance of strength, softness, fluid handling, and visual aesthetics, especially considering both form and function.
  • packages of the absorbent articles of the present disclosure may have an In-Bag Stack Height of from about 70 mm to about 110 mm, from about 70 mm to about 105 mm, from about 70 mm to about 100 mm, from about 70 mm to about 95 mm, from about 70 mm to about 90 mm, from about 70 mm to about 85 mm, from about 72 mm to about 80 mm, or from about 74 mm to about 78 mm, specifically reciting all 0.1 mm increments within the specified ranges and all ranges formed therein or thereby, according to the In-Back Stack Height Test described herein.
  • FIG. 43 illustrates an example package 1000 comprising a plurality of absorbent articles 1004.
  • the package 1000 defines an interior space 1002 in which the plurality of absorbent articles 1004 are situated.
  • the plurality of absorbent articles 1004 are arranged in one or more stacks 1006.
  • FIGS. 44 and 45 illustrate an example absorbent article in the form of a pant, although taped diapers are also within the scope of the present disclosure.
  • the pant may comprise the nonwoven fabrics of the present disclosure, as for example, a topsheet and/or an outer cover nonwoven material, or portions of a topsheet and/or outer cover nonwoven material.
  • FIG. 44 is a front perspective view of an absorbent article comprising one or more nonwoven fabrics of the present disclosure.
  • FIG. 45 is a back perspective view of the absorbent article of FIG. 44.
  • Examples 1-10 below are side-by-side bicomponent spunbond nonwoven fabrics produced by spinning a 30:70 ratio of Polypropylene (PP3155 obtained from Exxon Mobil Corporation) and 25/75 blend of polypropylenes (PP3155 and PP3854 obtained from Exxon Mobil Corporation) in a round fiber configuration. Approximately, 1% Titanium dioxide and 1% Erucamide were added to the polymers to improve whiteness and softness. In the topsheet of Example 2, a blue pigment melt additive 0.25% by weight of the nonwoven fabric was added to enhance the visual perception of three-dimensionality. The nonwoven fabrics were all spun on a forming belt having a three-dimensional pattern as generally described with respect to FIG. 16, although the patterns are different.
  • a portion of, or all of, wearer-facing surfaces of the topsheets of the present disclosure may have a TS7 value in the range of about 1 dB V 2 rms to about 4.5 dB V 2 rms, about 2 dB V 2 rms to about 4.5 dB V 2 rms, or about 2 dB V 2 rms to about 4.0 dB V 2 rms.
  • the portion of, or all of, the wearer-facing surfaces of the topsheets of the present disclosure may also have a TS750 value in the range of about 4 dB V 2 rms to about 30 dB V 2 rms, about 6 dB V 2 rms to about 30 dB V 2 rms, about 6 dB V 2 rms to about 20 dB V 2 rms, about 6 dB V 2 rms to about 15 dB V 2 rms, about 6 dB V 2 rms to about 12 dB V 2 rms, or about 6.5 dB V 2 rms to about 10 dB V 2 rms.
  • the portion of, or all of, the wearer- facing surfaces of the topsheets of the present disclosure may also have a D value in the range of about 1 mm/N to about 10 mm/N, about 3 mm/N to about 8 mm/N, about 2 mm/N to about 6 mm/N, about 2 mm/N to about 4 mm/N, or about 3 mm/N to about 4 mm/N. All values are measured according to the Emtec Test herein.
  • the TS7 value is tactile softness, so low numbers are desired (the lower the number, the more soft the material is).
  • the TS750 value is texture so a high number is desired (the higher the number, the more texture the material has).
  • the portion of the garment-facing surfaces of the outer cover nonwoven materials of the present disclosure may also have a TS750 value in the range of about 4 dB V 2 rms to about 30 dB V 2 rms, about 6 dB V 2 rms to about 30 dB V 2 rms, about 6 dB V 2 rms to about 20 dB V 2 rms, about 6 dB V 2 rms to about 15 dB V 2 rms, about 6 dB V 2 rms to about 12 dB V 2 rms, or about 6.5 dB V 2 rms to about 10 dB V 2 rms.
  • An absorbent article may comprise a nonwoven topsheet, a backsheet, an absorbent core positioned at least partially intermediate the topsheet and the backsheet, and a nonwoven outer cover joined to the backsheet.
  • a first portion of a wearer-facing side of the nonwoven topsheet and a second portion of a garment- facing side of the nonwoven outer cover may each have a TS7 value in the range of about 1 dB V 2 rms to about 4.5 dB V 2 rms, according to the Emtec Test.
  • the second portion of the garment-facing side of the nonwoven outer cover may have a TS750 value that is about 1.2 to about 4 times, about 1.3 to about 3 times, or about 1.5 to about 2 times greater than a TS750 value of the first portion of the wearer-facing side of the nonwoven topsheet.
  • a total region one area e.g., low basis weight areas
  • a portion of the nonwoven fabrics corresponding to a resin pattern on the belt
  • the remainder of the portion of the nonwoven fabrics being a total region two area (e.g., high basis weight areas) (corresponding to areas on the belt that are resin free).
  • the higher basis weight areas are typically softer than the low basis weight areas because the higher basis weight areas have more fibers.
  • Nonwoven fabrics having low basis weight areas in the range of about 5% to about 20% of the total nonwoven fabric may typically achieve good dryness and good softness. Below 5% low basis weight areas, typically high softness may be achieved, but typically not good dryness. Above 25% low basis weight areas, typically good dryness may be achieved, but typically not good softness.
  • a bicomponent spunbond nonwoven fabric was produced by spinning a 50:50 ratio of polyethylene sheath (Aspun-6850-A obtained from Dow' chemical company) and polypropylene core (PH-835 obtained from LyondellBasell) in a trilobal fiber configuration.
  • the nonwoven fabric was spun on a forming belt having a repeating pattern as described in FIG. 16 moving at a linear speed of about 25 meters per minute to form a fabric 10 having an average basis weight of 25 grams per square meter with a repeating pattern of diamond shapes as shown in FIG. 2.
  • Fibers of the fabric were compacted by compaction rolls 70, 72, but rather than be calendared, further bonding was achieved by a through-air bonding unit at a temperature of 145 C C.
  • the nonwoven fabric was then brought into contact with the kiss roll operating at a speed of 13 rpm, delivering 0.45 wt % surfactant to the nonwoven fabric (% surfactant is weight of added surfactant per 1 m 2 divided by weight of 1 m 2 nonwoven fabric).
  • a surfactant, Stanlex S 6327 (a combination of castor oil ethoxylates with PEG diesters), supplied by Fulcra Chemicals, was then disposed on the front side surface of the nonwoven fabric (Le., the side with the relatively pillowy three-dimensional features disposed thereon) through an inkjet printing process.
  • the inkjet printing process was performed using a Dimatix DMP 2831 inkjet printer, fitted with a cartridge model # DMC-1161Q/PM 700-10702-01 (IQpL).
  • the print head temperature was 40°C.
  • the surfactant used in the inkjet printing process consisted of 75% w/w Stantex S 6327 and 25% w/w Ethanol.
  • the nonwoven fabrics detailed above comprise microzones with regions having differences in intensive properties, such as basis weight, density, or thickness, for example. Those same nonwoven fabrics may also simultaneously comprise such regions of the microzones that are particularly and separately hydrophobic and/or hydrophilic. Any of the nonwoven fabric examples detailed herein (e.g. , samples that include zones and/or microzones with regions having differences in thickness, basis weight and/or volumetric density, and/or surfaces with the various TS7, TS750, and D values disclosed herein) may further have regions of a microzone with differences in hydrophilicity as detailed herein. Hydrophilic! ty may be provided through targeted application(s) of surfactant/s) onto particular regions of the microzones of the nonwoven fabric.
  • the second region of a microzone may have surfactant disposed thereon, while the first region of the same microzone may have no surfactant disposed thereon.
  • the first region of a microzone may have surfactant disposed thereon, while the second region of the same microzone may have no surfactant disposed thereon.
  • the first or second region may have from about 0.01% to about 5.0%, about .05% to about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, and any concentric range within the range of about 0.01% to about 5.0% surfactant, and the other region has no surfactant (/. ⁇ ? ., surfactant free).
  • the second region may have from about O.Of % to about 5.0%, about 0.05% to about 4.0%, about 1.0% to about 3.0%, and any concentric range within the range of about 0.01% to about 5.0% surfactant, and the first region has no surfactant (? ' ⁇ ?, , surfactant free).
  • some nonwoven fabrics disclosed herein have a microzone with at least one of the first and second regions having a surfactant, and the ratio of % surfactant in the first region to % surfactant in the second region is less than 1.
  • some nonwoven fabrics disclosed herein have a microzone with at least the second region of the microzone having a surfactant, and the ratio of % surfactant in the first region to % surfactant in the second region is less than 1.
  • the second region of a microzone may have a particular amount of surfactant or % surfactant disposed thereon, while the first region of the same microzone may have a different amount of surfactant or % surfactant disposed thereon.
  • the first region may have from about 0.01 % to about 2.0%, about .05% to about 1.5%, about 0.1% to about 1.0%, and any concentric range within the range of about 0.01% to about 2.0% surfactant, and the second region may have a differing amount.
  • % surfactant added to the overall shaped nonwoven fabric divide the grams per square meter of surfactant in the overall shaped nonwoven fabric by the basis weight of the overall shaped nonwoven fabric.
  • the grams per square meter of surfactant disposed in the overall shaped nonwoven fabric may be determined using any currently known method in the art (e.g., gravimetric, etc.).
  • the basis weight of the overall shaped nonwoven fabric may also be determined using any currently known method in the art (e.g. , gravimetric, micro-CT, etc.).
  • a first zone 110 (on the left side of FIG. 25) is characterized by generally MD-oriented rows of variable width first regions 300 separated by MD-oriented rows of variable width second regions 310 (first and second region being within a microzone).
  • the first region is also the three- dimensional feature 20 that defines the first and second regions 300, 310.
  • a three-dimensional feature may be a portion of the nonwoven fabric 10 that was formed between or around a raised element of the forming belt, which in this description is the first region 300, such that the resulting structure has a relatively greater dimension in the Z-direction, a relatively higher basis weight, and a lower volumetric density, when compared to the second region 310.
  • the first region 300 of the microzone may have a Time to Wrick value of greater than about 10 seconds, or between about 10 seconds and 60 seconds, as measured by the Time to Wick Test Method detailed herein.
  • the second region 310 of the microzone may have a Time to Wrick value of less than about 10 seconds, less than about 5 seconds, or less than about 2.5 seconds, less than about 1 second, less than about 0.5 seconds, or in the range of about 0.5 seconds to about 10 seconds, or about 0.5 seconds to about 5 seconds, as measured by the Time to Wic Test Method detailed herein.
  • Nonwoven fabrics contemplated herein include any of the above detailed parameter ranges for Contact Angle and/or Time to Wick measurements for the first region and/or the second region in combination with any of the other herein disclosed intensive properties/property differences for the same or different regions in the same or different microzone on the shaped nonwoven fabric.
  • the in-bag stack height of a package of absorbent articles is determined as follows:
  • a thickness tester with a flat, rigid horizontal sliding plate is used.
  • the thickness tester is configured so that the horizontal sliding plate moves freely in a vertical direction with the horizontal sliding plate always maintained in a horizontal orientation directly above a flat, rigid horizontal base plate.
  • the thickness tester includes a suitable device for measuring the gap between the horizontal sliding plate and the horizontal base plate to within ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • the horizontal sliding plate and the horizontal base plate are larger than the surface of the absorbent article package that contacts each plate, i.e. each plate extends past the contact surface of the absorbent article package in all directions.
  • Absorbent article packages are equilibrated at 23 ⁇ 2 °C and 50 ⁇ 5 % relative humidity prior to measurement.
  • the horizontal sliding plate is raised and an absorbent article package is placed centrally under the horizontal sliding plate in such a way that the absorbent articles within the package are in a horizontal orientation (see FIG. 43). Any handle or other packaging feature on the surfaces of the package that would contact either of the plates is folded flat against the surface of the package so as to minimize their impact on the measurement.
  • the horizontal sliding plate is lowered slowly until it contacts the top surface of the package and then released.
  • the gap between the horizontal plates is measured to within ⁇ 0.5 mm ten seconds after releasing the horizontal sliding plate.
  • Five identical packages (same size packages and same absorbent articles counts) are measured and the arithmetic mean is reported as the package width.
  • The“In-Bag Stack Height” (package width/absorbent article count per stack) x 10 is calculated and reported to within ⁇ 0.5 mm.
  • the micro-CT intensive property measurement method measures the basis weight, thickness and volumetric density values within visually discemable regions of a substrate sample. It is based on analysis of a 3D x-ray sample image obtained on a micro-CT instrument (a suitable instrument is the Scanco pCT 50 available from Scanco Medical AG, Switzerland, or equivalent).
  • the micro-CT instrument is a cone beam microtomograph with a shielded cabinet.
  • a maintenance free x-ray tube is used as the source with an adjustable diameter focal spot.
  • the x-ray beam passes through the sample, where some of the x-rays are attenuated by the sample. The extent of attenuation correlates to the mass of material the x-rays have to pass through.
  • the transmitted x- rays continue on to the digital detector array and generate a 2D projection image of the sample.
  • a 3D image of the sample is generated by collecting several individual projection images of the sample as it is rotated, which are then reconstructed into a single 3D image.
  • the instrument is interfaced with a computer running software to control the image acquisition and save the raw data.
  • the 3D image is then analyzed using image analysis software (a suitable image analysis software is MATLAB available from The Mathworks, Inc., Natick, MA, or equivalent) to measure the basis weight, thickness and volumetric density intensive properties of regions within the sample.
  • a sample may be cut from any location containing the visually discernible zone to be analyzed.
  • regions to be analyzed are ones associated with a three-dimensional feature defining a microzone.
  • the microzone comprises a least two visually discernible regions.
  • a zone, three-dimensional feature, or microzone may be visually discernable due to changes in texture, elevation, or thickness. Regions within different samples taken from the same substrate material may be analyzed and compared to each other. Care should be taken to avoid folds, wrinkles or tears when selecting a location for sampling.
  • the 3D image field of view is approximately 35 mm on each side in the xy-plane with a resolution of approximately 5000 by 5000 pixels, and with a sufficient number of 7 micron thick slices collected to fully include the z- direction of the sample.
  • the reconstructed 3D image resolution contains isotropic voxels of 7 microns.
  • Images are acquired with the source at 45 kVp and 133 mA with no additional low' energy filter. These current and voltage settings may be optimized to produce the maximum contrast in the projection data with sufficient x-ray penetration through the sample, but once optimized held constant for all substantially similar samples. A total of 1500 projections images are obtained with an integration time of 1000 ms and 3 averages. The projection images are reconstructed into the 3D image, and saved in 16-bit RAW format to preserve the full detector output signal for analysis.
  • Three 2D intensive property images are generated from the thresheld 3D image.
  • the first is the Basis Weight Image.
  • the value for each voxel in an xy-plane slice is summed with all of its corresponding voxel values in the other z-direction slices containing signal from the sample. This creates a 2D image where each pixel now ' has a value equal to the cumulative signal through the entire sample.
  • the real basis weight value for this sample is the average basis weight value measured on the calibration samples.
  • a total of at least four different basis weight calibration images are obtained.
  • the basis weight values of the calibration samples must include values above and below the basis weight values of the original sample being analyzed to ensure an accurate calibration.
  • the calibration curve is generated by performing a linear regression on the raw' data versus the real basis weight values for the four calibration samples. This linear regression must have an R2 value of at least 0.95, if not repeat the entire calibration procedure. This calibration curve is now' used to convert the raw data values into real basis weights.
  • a region to be analyzed is one associated with a three-dimensional feature defining a microzone.
  • the microzone comprises a least two visually discernible regions.
  • a zone, three-dimensional feature, or microzone may be visually discernable due to changes in texture, elevation, or thickness.
  • the boundary of a region is identified by visual discernment of differences in intensive properties when compared to other regions within the sample. For example, a region boundary can be identified based by visually discerning a thickness difference when compared to another region in the sample. Any of the intensive properties can be used to discern region boundaries on either the physical sample itself of any of the rnicro-CT intensive property images.
  • ROI region of interest
  • the ROI should have an area of at least 0.1 mm2, and be selected to measure an area with intensive property values representative of the identified region. From each of the three intensive property images calculate the average basis weight, thickness and volumetric density within the ROI. Record these values as the region’s basis weight to the nearest 0.01 gsm, thickness to the nearest 0.1 micron and volumetric density to the nearest 0.0001 g/cc.
  • Emtec Test is performed on portions of interest of outer cover nonwoven materials or topsheets.
  • TS7, TS750, and D values are measured using an Emtec Tissue Softness Analyzer ("Emtec TSA") (Emtec Electronic GmbH, Leipzig, Germany) interfaced with a computer running Emtec TSA software (version 3.19 or equivalent).
  • Emtec TSA includes a rotor with vertical blades which rotate on the test sample at a defined and calibrated rotational speed (set by manufacturer) and contact force of 100 mN. Contact between the vertical blades and the test sample creates vibrations both in the blades and in the test piece, and the resulting sound is recorded by a microphone within the instrument.
  • the recorded sound file is then analyzed by the Emtec TSA software to determine TS7 and TS750 values.
  • the D value is a measure of sample stiffness and is based on the vertical distance required for the contact force of the blades on test sample to be increased from 100 mN to 600 N.
  • the sample preparation, instrument operation, and testing procedures are performed according the instrument manufacturer’s specifications.
  • TS7, TS750, and D are each averaged (arithmetic mean) across the six sample replicates.
  • the average values of TS7 and TS750 are reported to the nearest 0.01 dB V 2 rms.
  • the average value of D is reported to the nearest 0.01 rnm/N.
  • Contact Angle and Time to Wick measurements are determined using a sessile drop experiment.
  • a specified volume of Type II reagent distilled water (as defined in ASTM D1193) is applied to the surface of a test sample using an automated liquid delivery system.
  • a high speed video camera captures time-stamped images of the drop over a 60 second time period at a rate of 900 frames per second.
  • the contact angle between the drop and the surface of the test sample is determined for each captured image by image analysis software.
  • the time to wick is determined as the time it takes the contact angle of a drop absorbing into the test sample to decrease to a contact angle ⁇ 10°. All measurements are performed at constant temperature (23 °C ⁇ 2 C°) and relative humidity (50% ⁇ 2%).
  • the system includes of a light source, a video camera, a horizontal specimen stage, a liquid delivery system with a pump and micro syringe and a computer equipped with software suitable for video image capture, image analysis and reporting contact angle data.
  • a suitable instrument is the Optical Contact Angle Measuring System OCA 20 (DataPhysics Instruments, Filderstadt, Germany), or equivalent.
  • OCA 20 DataPhysics Instruments, Filderstadt, Germany
  • the system must be able to deliver an 8.2 microliter drop and be capable of capturing images at a rate of 900 frames per second.
  • the system is calibrated and operated per the manufacturer’s instructions, unless explicitly stated otherwise in this testing procedure.
  • test sample for measurement, lay a single layer of the dry substrate material out flat and cut a rectangular test sample 15 mm in width and about 70 mm in length.
  • the width of the sample may be reduced as necessary to ensure that the test region of interest is not obscured by surrounding features during testing. With a narrower sample strip care must be taken that the liquid drop does not reach the edge of the test sample during testing, otherwise the test must be repeated.
  • the substrate material is a layer of an absorbent article, for example a topsheet or outer cover nonwoven material, acquisition layer, distribution layer, or other component layer; tape the absorbent article to a rigid flat surface in a planar configuration. Carefully separate the individual substrate layer from the absorbent article.
  • a scalpel and/or cryogenic spray (such as Cyto-Freeze, Control Company, Houston TX) may be used to remove a substrate layer from additional underlying layers, if necessary, to avoid any longitudinal and lateral extension of the material.
  • the substrate layer has been removed from the absorbent article proceed with cutting the test sample.
  • the substrate material is in the form of a wet wipe, open a new package of wet wipes and remove the entire stack from the package. Remove a single wipe from the middle of the stack, lay it out flat and allow it to dry completely prior to cutting the sample for analysis. Testing Procedure
  • An 8.2 microliter drop of reagent distilled water is formed at a rate of 1 microliter per second and allowed to freely fall onto the surface of the test sample.
  • Video image capture is initiated prior to the drop contacting the surface of the test sample, and subsequently a continual series of images is collected for a duration of 60 seconds after the drop contacts the surface of the test sample. Repeat this procedure for a total of five (5) substantially similar replicate test regions. Use a fresh test sample or ensure that the previous drop’s wetted area is avoided during subsequent measurements.
  • Time to Wick is defined as the time it takes the contact angle of a drop absorbing into the test sample to decrease to a contact angle ⁇ 10°.
  • Time to Wick is measured by identifying the first image of a given series where the contact angle has decreased to a contact angle ⁇ 10°, and then based on that image, calculating and reporting the length of time that has elapsed from time zero. Time to Wick is reported as 60 seconds if a contact angle less than 10° is not reached within 60 seconds. Repeat this procedure for the five replicate test regions. Calculate the arithmetic mean of the Time to Wick for the five replicate test regions, and report this value to the nearest 0.1 milliseconds.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
  • Vascular Medicine (AREA)
  • Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Dermatology (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonwoven Fabrics (AREA)
  • Absorbent Articles And Supports Therefor (AREA)
  • Orthopedics, Nursing, And Contraception (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne des non tissés façonnés, doux et texturés. L'invention concerne également des articles absorbants qui comprennent les non tissés façonnés, doux et texturés. Les non tissés peuvent être une feuille supérieure et un matériau non tissé de revêtement externe de l'article absorbant. Une partie d'une surface faisant face à l'utilisateur de la feuille supérieure peut présenter une TS7 comprise dans la plage d'environ 1 dB V2 rms à environ 4,5 dB V2 rms et une TS750 dans la plage d'environ 6 dB V2 rms à environ 30 dB V2 rms. Une partie du matériau non tissé de revêtement externe peut présenter une TS7 comprise dans la plage d'environ 1 dB V2 rms à environ 4,5 dB V2 rms et une TS750 comprise dans la plage d'environ 6 dB V2 rms à environ 30 dB V2 rms. Les non tissés de la présente invention fournissent des matériaux doux dotés d'une texture.
PCT/US2019/036230 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 Non tissés et articles absorbants comportant des non tissés façonnés, doux et texturés WO2019241091A1 (fr)

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JP2020567926A JP7116807B2 (ja) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 不織布及び柔らかく質感を持たせた成形不織布を有する吸収性物品
RU2020136117A RU2761796C1 (ru) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 Нетканые материалы и абсорбирующие изделия, содержащие формованные, мягкие и текстурированные нетканые материалы
CA3101057A CA3101057A1 (fr) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 Non tisses et articles absorbants comportant des non tisses faconnes, doux et textures
EP19733367.7A EP3806798B1 (fr) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 Non tissés et articles absorbants comportant des non tissés façonnés, doux et texturés
GB2020291.7A GB2589259B (en) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 Nonwoven fabrics and absorbent articles having shaped, soft and textured nonwoven fabrics
BR112020024573-9A BR112020024573A2 (pt) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 Tecidos não tecidos e artigos absorventes que têm tecidos não tecidos texturizados, macios e formatados
EP23212965.0A EP4328367A3 (fr) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 Tissus non tissés et articles absorbants ayant des tissus non tissés façonnés, doux et texturés
DE112019003011.6T DE112019003011T5 (de) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 Vliesstoffe und Absorptionsartikel mit geformten, weichen und texturierten Vliesstoffen
CN201980037624.1A CN112236114A (zh) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 非织造织物以及具有成型的、柔软的和纹理化的非织造织物的吸收制品

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PCT/US2019/036226 WO2019241088A1 (fr) 2018-06-12 2019-06-10 Articles absorbants ayant des tissus non tissés façonnés, doux et texturés
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GB2572298B (en) 2017-01-31 2022-05-11 Procter & Gamble Shaped nonwoven
EP3644930A1 (fr) * 2017-06-30 2020-05-06 The Procter and Gamble Company Non-tissé façonné
US20190374405A1 (en) 2018-06-12 2019-12-12 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent articles having shaped, soft and textured nonwoven fabrics
EP4138751A1 (fr) * 2020-04-22 2023-03-01 The Procter & Gamble Company Articles absorbants ayant des matériaux non tissés avec des fibres naturelles
WO2021216859A1 (fr) 2020-04-22 2021-10-28 The Procter & Gamble Company Adhésif pour un article absorbant
WO2022088058A1 (fr) * 2020-10-30 2022-05-05 The Procter & Gamble Company Article absorbant comprenant une bande non tissée hybride
US20220387230A1 (en) * 2021-05-28 2022-12-08 The Procter & Gamble Company Absorbent Article With Cushiony Softness
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EP4073309A1 (fr) * 2019-12-10 2022-10-19 The Procter & Gamble Company Voiles non tissés présentant des motifs visuellement discernables et une perception de texture améliorée

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JP2021525322A (ja) 2021-09-24
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DE112019002960T5 (de) 2021-03-04
GB202020290D0 (en) 2021-02-03
RU2762022C1 (ru) 2021-12-14
EP3806798B1 (fr) 2024-01-10
CN112292105A (zh) 2021-01-29
CA3203938A1 (fr) 2019-12-19
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BR112020024570A2 (pt) 2021-03-02
EP3806796A1 (fr) 2021-04-21
US11896466B2 (en) 2024-02-13
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GB2588059A (en) 2021-04-14
WO2019241090A1 (fr) 2019-12-19
EP3806798A1 (fr) 2021-04-21
EP3806796B1 (fr) 2024-01-10
CN112236114A (zh) 2021-01-15
EP4328367A3 (fr) 2024-05-01
CA3101057A1 (fr) 2019-12-19
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EP3806797B1 (fr) 2024-01-10
GB2589493B (en) 2022-11-09
US20190374388A1 (en) 2019-12-12
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US20240130899A1 (en) 2024-04-25
BR112020024573A2 (pt) 2021-03-09
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CN112261925A (zh) 2021-01-22
CA3100920A1 (fr) 2019-12-19
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CN114948442A (zh) 2022-08-30
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