WO2019115047A1

WO2019115047A1 - Method and device for checking an elongate suspension means for lifts, and suspension means of this type

Info

Publication number: WO2019115047A1
Application number: PCT/EP2018/076939
Authority: WO
Inventors: Hubert Göser; Jan-Henning Quass; Andre Kucharczyk
Original assignee: Contitech Antriebssysteme Gmbh
Priority date: 2017-12-11
Filing date: 2018-10-04
Publication date: 2019-06-20
Also published as: CN111465571B; EP3724116A1; CN111465571A; DE102017222348A1

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device (37) for checking physical properties, which change during use, of tension members (18), embedded in a plastic matrix (16), of an elongate suspension means (14). According to the method, the state of wear markers (20) attached to or formed on or arranged in the suspension means (14) is sensed, and, from the determined data, a corresponding disadvantageous change in the tensile strength of the suspension means (14) and in particular in the tension members (18) thereof is inferred. The device (37) has means (38) for optically sensing the wear markers (20) and a data processing apparatus (40), by means of which the sensed optical information can be evaluated with respect to the current tensile strength of the suspension means (14) and the result of this evaluation can be displayed by a display element (42). Consequently, in the suspension means (14) for passenger and goods lifts, which has tension members (18) embedded in a plastic matrix (16), wear markers (20) are arranged or formed on the surface or within the material of the plastic matrix (16).

Description

description

Method and device for testing an elongated support means for elevators and such a suspension means

The invention relates to a method and a device for testing physical properties that change in use during use of tension carriers embedded in a plastic matrix of an elongate suspension element for a passenger or goods lift. Moreover, the invention relates to a suitable suspension means.

A typical application for such elongated suspension means include lifts for people or other loads. In this case, the suspension elements are subject to particularly strict rules with respect to their tensile strength, which is steadily reduced in the course of prolonged use under tensile and bending stresses as a result of wear and fatigue phenomena. If the prescribed tests show that the suspension element no longer meets the requirements of the legal requirements, then it must be replaced. This time is called Abeifeife.

In the case of pure steel ropes, in the simplest case, the current tensile strength can be inferred, for example, by optical recognition of strand breaks and a reduction in diameter as a result of abrasion wear. With newer generations of suspension elements, in which the steel cables or tension members made of a different material are embedded in a plastic matrix, an assessment of the actual tensile strength is no longer possible with the purely optical methods described above. Here one uses a combination of optical, metrological and statistical methods. The optical examination is limited to the assessment of the purely external integrity of the suspension element. Continuous tests and statistical evidence derived from them also allow at least approximate However, they do not represent an actual test and usually only lead to a prescribed or fixed time limit of the service life, without taking into account the actual actual tensile strength.

For example, measurements of the electrical resistance or of the magnetic properties of the support elements are known as metrological methods for determining the actual tensile strength of the metallic support means embedded in a plastic matrix. A change in cross section of the suspension element as a result of internal friction or of strand breaks changes the electrical resistance of the suspension element, which can be used as indicator for the current tensile strength and, if appropriate, the level of discardability achieved (US Pat. No. 7,123,030, US Pat 9 423 369 B2). Cross-sectional changes and strand breaks additionally have a disruptive effect on the magnetic field of magnetized suspension elements, which is still homogeneous in the case of new suspension elements, which can also be detected with suitable sensor devices and used as an indicator of the current tensile strength (EP 0 845 672 B1).

In the metrological methods described relatively expensive A directions for applying electrical voltages or for magnetizing the suspension means are required. In addition, the support means to be measured for the measurement process must be taken out of service gear, so that the operation of the associated Einrich device or system must be interrupted.

Further, it is possible to conclude on the basis of an operational increase in length of a generic support means on its mechanical condition and in particular on the train strength. To determine such a change in length Markierun conditions or fixtures can be arranged at predetermined intervals on the surface or within the suspension means. As so-called internals apply in addition to discrete A sentence components also transponder or magnetizations whose distances from each other in an operational use of the support means in the long run are greater. Against this background, the object of the invention was to provide a test method and a test device which make it possible to test the current tensile strength of elongated suspension elements and in particular of their tension members with little technical outlay and without the need for interruptions in operation. In addition, an elongated suspension element usable for passenger and freight elevators should be presented, which is suitable for the application of the test method in the test device.

The solution to this problem arises from the features of the method claim 1, from the set-up claim 3 and from the independent product claim 4. Before some refinements and developments of the invention are defined in the respective zugeord Neten dependent claims.

The invention was based on the finding that in addition to the previously described changes in physical properties of the tension members, the wear of the plastic matrix material surrounding the tension members can indirectly provide information about which tensile load properties the suspension element as a whole has, but above all its traction means after a certain period of operation , Accordingly, the invention first of all relates to a method for testing the change in operational properties of the physical properties of embedded plastic matrix in a traction carrier of an elongated suspension element.

In order to solve the method-related object, it is provided that the state of worn or formed on the support means or arranged in this wear markings is detected, and that is concluded from the data obtained on a corresponding nachtei age changes the tensile strength of the suspension element and in particular its tensile , It has been found that changes to the plastic matrix surrounding the tension members can be achieved with relatively simple technical means and using conventional devices can be detected and evaluated, provided on or in the Ma material of the plastic matrix wear marks are arranged or formed. After the metrological or preferably optical detection of these wear markings, it is then possible, in a next method step, to conclude from the measured changes on a decrease in the tensile strength of the traction means of the support which correlates therewith.

According to the invention, it is accordingly provided that marks attached to the suspension element or formed or arranged in the latter and detectable from the outside are preferably optically detected and their operational changes are determined. From these changes it is concluded that there is a correlation of the tensile strength of the tension members and thus of the entire suspension element.

The method according to the invention makes it possible to determine the current wear state of the wear marks permanently, ie during operation of the suspension element when the suspension element is stationary or moving, or that the determination of the respective current state of wear occurs at intervals from outside the operating times. The invention also relates to a device for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 2, comprising means for detecting changes in operational use physical properties of embedded in a plastic matrix Zugtrags an elongate support means. To achieve the object is hereby provided that this means comprises means for optically detecting wear markings ments, which are arranged or formed on the surface or within the material of the plastic matrix of the support means, and that a data processing device is present, by means of which the detected optical information with regard to the current tensile strength of the support means evaluable and the result of the water analysis can be displayed by a display element. Finally, a suspension means for passenger and goods lifts is claimed, which has embedded in a plastic matrix tension members, and is provided in accordance with the invention that on the surface or within the material of the plastic matrix of the support means wear marks are arranged or formed ,

These wear marks can be formed in a further development of the invention Tragmit means as applied to the surface of the plastic matrix of the support means color dots. If such a suspension is still new, these color dots are clearly visible. After prolonged use, however, they are worn away or less easily visible due to soiling, both of which are indicative of frequent, heavy-duty operation and / or for a long overall service life.

Alternatively, it may be provided that the wear marks are formed as discrete marking elements Mark, which are arranged on a lateral edge of the suspension means. Due to their wear-related wear, ie geometry change, can be closed sen on frequent, loaded operation and / or a long total operating time, from which it is possible to derive the current tensile strength of the tension members of the suspension element. But it is also possible that the wear marks as on the surface of

Plastic matrix of the support means applied fineness are formed, which are preferably aligned obliquely to the catch extension of the support means. These wear markings are also subject to the operational soiling and / or wear processes described, but because of their oblique arrangement on the surface of a generic suspension element, such lines are easier to recognize than the punctiform wear marks described above.

According to another embodiment it can be provided that the wear markings ments are formed as a profile in the surface of the plastic matrix of the support means, the depth of which does not reach the arranged in the plastic matrix tensile carrier. In this embodiment, the plastic material surrounding the tension members has a profile on, which is similar to a vehicle tire worn by operational wear. If this profile for the associated measuring device is no longer or no longer completely recognizable, then this is interpreted as an indication that the tension members of the suspension element no longer have the required properties, so that this support means is to be replaced by an unused support means.

Finally, it can be provided that the wear marks are designed as marking elements, which are arranged below the surface of the plastic matrix of the support means. As a result, the wear marks or marking elements are only visible for an associated measuring device when the wear marking of the plastic surrounding the Zugträger conditions are only ever recognizable by wear of the plastic surrounding the Zugträger.

The invention will be further explained with reference to embodiments. For this purpose, the description is accompanied by a drawing. In this shows

Fig. La schematically a cross section through an unused support means with

individual steel cable strands according to the prior art,

FIG. 1b shows the suspension element according to FIG. 1 after a prolonged operational use, FIG.

2 is a tension-strain diagram,

Fig. 3 in a development representation of an inventive support means with

along its longitudinal extent punctiform wear marks,

Fig. 4 in a similar representation, a support means with its longitudinal extent along a lateral edge arranged wear marking elements, Fig. 5 in a similar representation, a support means with on the surface

arranged linear wear marks,

6 shows a similar representation of a support means with a so-called Polyrope contour with a formed in the surface of the matrix material profiling, and

Fig. 7 shows a cross section through a suspension means similar to that of FIG. 6, but with

Wear marks, which are arranged close to a flat surface of the support means. 1a shows schematically a cross section through a known, not yet used and designed as a steel cable or wire rope 2 support means for an elevator. It has, in a substantially circular cross-sectional geometry, six strands 4 arranged radially on the outside and a centrally arranged core 6. The strands 4 and the core 6 are embedded in a plastic matrix 8. In Lig. 1b, the wire rope 2 is shown after a certain period of operation, whereby, as a result of the long-lasting tensile load and possible bends due to deflections over deflection rollers, the strands 4 and the core 6 have deformed and the supporting cross-section has been reduced overall. The plastic matrix 8 has also changed as a result of external wear. With the set in Lig. Lb represents cross-sectional change is a permanent change in length of the wire rope 2 ver connected, which can be detected as described above by means of the wire rope 2, spaced in the direction of the longitudinal extent of the wire 2 markings. The determined change in length is a measure of the current tensile strength of the known suspension element 2.

Lig. 2 shows a tension-elongation diagram, wherein the load applied to a wire 2 is plotted on the ordinate and the strain occurring on the abscissa. The first linear tension-elongation curve 10 applies to the still new wire rope 2 (see Lig. La) and the second linear tensile-strain curve 12 applies to the used wire rope 2 (see

Lig. Lb). The graph shows that the elongation of a used wire rope 2 at the new wire rope 2 under a load of 100% is already achieved at a lower load. This means that the tensile elongation behavior of the wire rope 2 adversely changes with increasing operational use, which can be detected and evaluated in the known manner described above.

Lig. 3 shows a simplified representation of a portion of an elongated support means 14 with six embedded in a plastic matrix 16 Zugträgem 18, which consist for example of each of a steel wire or twisted or beaten NEN cords. On the support means 14 in the direction of its longitudinal extent mutually spaced wear mark 20 in the embodiment as Larbpunkte arranged, by means of which the surface-related wear of the material of the plastic matrix 16 is detectable. For this purpose, such trained as color points Ver wear marks 20 have been applied to the surface of the support means 14, wel che color differ significantly from the color of the support surface. The applied color is in this case so well connected to the material of the plastic matrix 16 that the wear marks 20 preferably seal with the same intensity as the material of the plastic matrix 16.

As shown by way of example in FIG. 6 for all FIGS. 3 to 7, the surface of the suspension element 14 will be observed by a device 37 as to how much the wear on the wear marker 20 has progressed. For this purpose, the device 37 has a means 38 for optically detecting the wear marks 20, which may be a suitable CDD camera. This camera 38 is connected to a data processing device 40 in which the images taken by the camera are analyzed to what extent the wear of the wear marks 20 or color points has advanced, ie how far they have disappeared. From this, it is determined in the data processing device 10, which have the mechanical properties Zugträ ger 18 in the support means 14. If a respective limit value is undershot, this is indicated in a display element 42 connected to the data processing device 40. As a result, the worn support means 14 is replaced with a new support means. The display element 42 may be, for example, a monitor or, in the simplest case, only a signal light.

Fig. 4 shows in a similar representation schematically the structure of a developed portion of a support means 22, in which in the direction of its longitudinal extent on the plastic matrix 28 wear mark 24 in the form of spaced-apart marking elements on a longitudinal side edge of the support means 22 are arranged. The wear marks 24 are very well recognizable for the device 37 of FIG. 6 because of their size and three-dimensional geometry. However, it is necessary for the detection of signs of wear on these wear marking elements 24 of a more complex image processing in the data processing device 40th Fig. 5 shows in a similar representation, a support means 26, on the surface of the plastic matrix 28 wear marks 30 are formed in the form of oblique lines, which are worn after a certain period of use similar to the trained as color points wear mark 20. These linear wear marking conditions 30 are therefore subject to operational dirt and / or wear processes, however, such lines are easier to recognize because of their large length and oblique to order and harder to wear than the above-described punctiform wear marks 20th

Fig. 6 shows in a comparable representation in addition to the device 37 already described a support means 32 which has a so-called polyrope geometry. Such suspension means 32 for lifts are known under the product name CONTI ® POLYROPE be. These support means 32 have a first broad and flat surface 50 and a second wide and longitudinally toothed surface 52. The support means 32 shown has according to the invention in the surface of the plastic matrix 34 molded profiles 36, which have similar to profiles of a vehicle tire only a relatively small depth T. This depth T is not so great that the material recesses formed in the plastic matrix 34 by the profiles 36 reach the tensile carriers 18.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 7 wear marks 48 are arranged close to the first wide surface 50 of the likewise having a polyrope geometry supporting means 46 in the plastic matrix 34. These wear marks 48 are therefore only recognizable for the device 37 according to FIG. 6 when the associated surface 50 of the suspension element 46 is sufficiently worn for this purpose. As soon as at least one of these wear marks 48 is visible, this is the moment in which indicated by the means 37 that this used support means 46 is to be replaced by a new suspension means. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

(Part of the description)

2 wire rope

Tension members, strands

6 train carrier, soul

8 plastic matrix

10 First pull-stretch curve

12 Second pull-stretch curve

14 suspension means (1st embodiment)

16 plastic matrix

18 tension members

20 wear mark (color point)

22 suspension means (2nd embodiment)

24 V wear mark (marking element)

26 suspension means (3rd embodiment)

28 plastic matrix

30 wear mark (dash)

32 suspension means (4th embodiment)

34 plastic matrix

36 wear mark (profile)

37 facility

38 Means for optically detecting wear marks 40 Data processing apparatus

42 display element

46 Supporting means (4th embodiment with polyrope contour) 48 Wear marking (below the surface 50)

50 First, planar surface of the suspension element 32, 46

52 second, toothed surface of the support means 32, 46 T depth of the wear mark 36th

Claims

claims

1. A method for testing physical properties of changing physical properties of in a plastic matrix (8, 16, 28, 34) embedded Zugträgem (4, 6, 18) of an elongate support means (14, 22, 26, 32, 46), characterized in that the state of the support means (14, 22, 26, 32, 46) mounted o- formed or arranged in this wear marks (20, 24,

30, 36, 48) is detected, and that from the determined data on a corresponding adverse changes in the tensile strength of the support means (14, 22, 26, 32, 46) and in particular its tension members (4, 6, 18) is closed ,

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the state of Ver schleißmarkierungen (20, 24, 30, 36, 48) is determined permanently or at intervals.

3. Device (37) for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 2, comprising means for detecting changes in operational use phy sical properties of embedded in a plastic matrix (8, 16, 28, 34) train carriers (4, 6 , 18) an elongated support means (14, 22, 26, 32, 46), characterized in that said means (37) comprises means (38) for optically detecting wear marks (20, 24, 30, 36, 48), which on the surface or within the material of the plastic matrix (8, 16, 28, 34) of the support means (14, 22, 26, 32, 46) are arranged or formed, and that a data processing device (40) is present, by means of which the detected opti's information with regard to the current tensile strength of the support means (14, 22, 26, 32, 46) evaluable and the result of this evaluation by a Anzeige geelement (42) can be displayed.

4. suspension means (14, 22, 26, 32, 46) for passenger and goods lifts, which in a plastic matrix (8, 16, 28, 34) embedded tension members (4, 6, 18), characterized in that at the Surface or within the plastic matrix (8, 16, 28, 34) of the support means (14, 22, 26, 32, 46) wear marks (20, 24, 30, 36, 48) are arranged or formed.

5. supporting means (14) according to claim 4, characterized in that the wear marks (20) are formed as on the surface of the plastic matrix (16) of the support means (14) applied color dots.

6. support means (22) according to claim 4, characterized in that the wear markings as marking elements (24) are formed, which are arranged on a lateral edge of the support means (22).

7. support means (26) according to claim 4, characterized in that the wear marks (30) as on the surface of the plastic matrix (28) of the support means (26) applied lines are formed which are aligned obliquely to the longitudinal extent of the support means (26) ,

8. support means (32) according to claim 4, characterized in that the wear marks (36) are formed as a profile in the surface of the plastic matrix (34) of the support means (32) whose depth (T) in the plastic matrix (34) arranged tensile carrier (18) is not reached.

9. support means (46) according to claim 4, characterized in that the wear marks (48) are designed as marking elements, which are arranged under half of the surface (50) of the support means (46) in the plastic matrix (34) is.