WO2019167932A1

WO2019167932A1 - Wave spring

Info

Publication number: WO2019167932A1
Application number: PCT/JP2019/007275
Authority: WO
Inventors: 秀彰酒井; 雄亮寺田
Original assignee: 日本発條株式会社
Priority date: 2018-02-28
Filing date: 2019-02-26
Publication date: 2019-09-06
Also published as: JPWO2019167932A1

Abstract

A wave spring (1) wherein crests (11) and troughs (12) are alternately formed in the circumferential direction in a linked manner. One group, that is, the crests (11) or the troughs (12), extends gradually toward a first side in the axial direction, from the inside toward the outside in the radial direction. The other group, that is, the troughs (12) or the crests (11), extends gradually toward a second, that is, the other side in the axial direction, from the inside toward the outside in the radial direction, or extend along the radial direction. The axial interval between adjacent crests (11) and troughs (12) increases gradually from the inside toward the outside in the radial direction.

Description

Wave spring

The present invention relates to a wave spring.
This application claims priority based on Japanese Patent Application No. 2018-034659 filed in Japan on February 28, 2018, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a wave spring formed by alternately connecting peaks and valleys in the circumferential direction as shown in Patent Document 1, for example, is known. This type of wave spring is attached to, for example, a clutch device and is deformed in the axial direction so as to be flat when an axial load is applied, and is restored and deformed when the load is released. It is used in this way.

Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 8-170653

Here, the wave spring includes a portion close to the inner peripheral edge (inner peripheral portion) and a portion close to the outer peripheral edge (outer peripheral portion), and the inner peripheral portion and the outer peripheral portion have different peripheral lengths. In the conventional wave spring, in the process of axial deformation so that an axial load is applied and flattened, due to the difference in circumferential length, from the beginning of deformation, the inner circumference in each of the crest and trough The portion began to expand and deform in the circumferential direction, and surface pressure was generated in the inner circumferential portion. Therefore, immediately before the wave spring is flattened, there is a problem in that a surface pressure is generated over a wide range in the inner peripheral portion in each of the peak portion and the valley portion, and the spring constant of the wave spring is increased.

The present invention has been made in consideration of such circumstances, and the wave that can suppress the change of the spring constant from the beginning when the axial load is applied to the wave spring to just before the wave spring becomes flat. The purpose is to provide a spring.

In order to solve the above problems and achieve such an object, a wave spring according to an aspect of the present invention is a wave spring formed by alternately connecting peaks and valleys in a circumferential direction. When the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the wave spring is the radial direction and the direction in which the central axis extends is the axial direction, one of the peak and the valley is from the inside of the radial direction. As it goes to the outside, it gradually extends toward the first side in the axial direction, and either one of the peak portion and the valley portion gradually increases in the axial direction from the inside to the outside in the radial direction. Extending toward the second side, or one of the crest and the trough extends in the radial direction, in the axial direction between the crest and the trough adjacent to each other. The interval is It has become gradually larger as it goes from the inside to the outside of the direction.

According to the said aspect, the outer peripheral part (henceforth outer peripheral part) in at least one of a peak part and a trough part protrudes toward the outer side of the said axial direction. For this reason, a load is applied to the wave spring in the axial direction, and in the process of deforming in the axial direction so that the wave spring becomes flat, an inner peripheral portion (hereinafter, referred to as a peak portion or a valley portion). First, the outer peripheral portion is pushed in the axial direction before the inner circumferential portion) is pushed in the axial direction. Therefore, compared with the case where the inner peripheral portion is pushed in the axial direction from the beginning when the axial load is applied to the wave spring, the inner peripheral portion in the stage immediately before the wave spring becomes flat. The expansion deformation in the circumferential direction can be reduced, and the surface pressure generated in the inner peripheral portion can be kept within a narrow range.
Thereby, even immediately before the wave spring becomes flat, at least one of the peak portion and the valley portion can be easily expanded and deformed in the circumferential direction over the entire radial direction including the inner peripheral portion. It becomes possible to suppress an increase in the spring constant of the wave spring immediately before the wave spring becomes flat.
From the above, it is possible to suppress the change in the spring constant from the beginning when the axial load is applied to the wave spring until just before the wave spring becomes flat.

Here, any one of the peak portion and the valley portion gradually extends toward the first side in the axial direction from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction, and the peak portion and the valley portion. Any one of the above gradually extends toward the second side in the axial direction as it goes from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction, the inclination angle of the peak portion with respect to the radial direction, and the valley portion The inclination angle with respect to the radial direction may be substantially equal to each other.

In this case, since the inclination angles of the crest and trough with respect to the radial direction are substantially equal to each other, it is necessary to match the axial direction of the wave spring when the wave spring is attached to the apparatus. Absent. Therefore, the wave spring can be easily attached to the apparatus, and the occurrence of unevenness in the surface pressure applied to the peaks and valleys can be suppressed.

Further, any one of the peak and the valley gradually extends toward the first side in the axial direction from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction, and the peak and the valley Either one of them gradually extends toward the second side in the axial direction as it goes from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction, and the intermediate portion located between the peak and the valley, The inclination angle with respect to the radial direction may gradually decrease from the peak portion and the valley portion toward the central portion in the circumferential direction of the intermediate portion.

In this case, since the inclination angle of the intermediate part located between the peak part and the valley part gradually decreases toward the circumferential central part of the intermediate part, when attaching the wave spring to the apparatus, It is not necessary to match the axial direction of the spring. Accordingly, the wave spring can be easily attached to the apparatus, and it is possible to prevent the applied load from being biased between the portion near the peak and the portion near the valley in the intermediate portion.

According to the wave spring according to the above aspect of the present invention, it is possible to suppress the change of the spring constant from the beginning when the axial load is applied to the wave spring until just before the wave spring becomes flat.

It is a top view of the wave spring of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows a part of the state which expand | deployed the wave spring of FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between a load and a displacement about each of the wave spring of this embodiment, and the wave spring of a prior art example. It is a perspective view which shows a part of the state which expand | deployed the wave spring of the modification of this embodiment. It is a perspective view which shows a part of the state which expand | deployed the wave spring of the other modification of this embodiment.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a wave spring will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
As shown in FIG. 1, the wave spring 1 of this embodiment is formed by alternately connecting a plurality of peak portions 11 and a plurality of valley portions 12 in the circumferential direction.
(Direction definition)
In the present embodiment, the central axis of the wave spring 1 is referred to as a central axis O. A direction along the central axis O is referred to as an axial direction, and viewing from the axial direction is referred to as a plan view. In a plan view, a direction around the central axis O is referred to as a circumferential direction, and a direction orthogonal to the central axis O is referred to as a radial direction. As shown in FIG. 2, one side (first side) in the axial direction is referred to as + Z side, and the other side (second side) is referred to as -Z side. In the axial direction, the side away from the wave spring 1 is referred to as the axially outer side, and the side approaching the wave spring 1 is referred to as the axially inner side.

The wave spring 1 is formed in an annular shape having an inner peripheral edge 1a and an outer peripheral edge 1b. The peak portion 11 is formed in a curved surface shape protruding toward the + Z side, and the valley portion 12 is formed in a curved surface shape protruding toward the −Z side. The peaks 11 and the valleys 12 are the same size and the same shape.
In addition, the peak part 11 and the trough part 12 may be formed in planar shape. Further, the wave spring 1 may be attached to, for example, a clutch device or may be attached to another device. Moreover, you may form the peak part 11 and the trough part 12 in a different shape with a mutually different magnitude | size.

The number of peaks 11 and valleys 12 included in the wave spring 1 is the same. For example, six peaks 11 and valleys 12 are formed. The plurality of peak portions 11 are formed in the same shape with the same size, and the plurality of valley portions 12 are formed in the same size with the same size. For example, the heights of the plurality of peak portions 11 are the same as each other, the pitches of the plurality of peak portions 11 are the same as each other, and the depths of the plurality of valley portions 12 are the same as each other, The 12 pitches are the same.
In addition, the number of the peak parts 11 and the trough parts 12 may mutually differ. The plurality of peak portions 11 may be formed in different shapes with different sizes, and the plurality of valley portions 12 may be formed with different sizes and different shapes.

The peak portion 11 and the valley portion 12 are gradually separated from each other in the axial direction from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. In other words, the interval in the axial direction between the adjacent peak portion 11 and valley portion 12 is gradually increased from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. In the illustrated example, the peak portion 11 gradually extends toward the + Z side as it goes from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction, and the valley portion 12 extends toward the −Z side as it goes from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. Yes. The peak portion 11 and the valley portion 12 gradually extend outward in the axial direction from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. In addition, the peak part 11 or the trough part 12 may extend along a radial direction. That is, one of the inclination angles θ1 and θ2 described later may be 0 °.

As shown in FIG. 2, in this specification, the inclination angle of the peak portion 11 with respect to the radial direction is represented as θ1. In addition, the inclination angle of the valley 12 with respect to the radial direction is represented as θ2. The inclination angles θ1 and θ2 are substantially equal to each other. The inclination angles θ1 and θ2 are shown as angles formed by the two-dot chain line and the thin line in FIG. The thin line in FIG. 2 is a straight line along the top surface of the peak part 11 or the valley part 12, and the two-dot chain line is a straight line extending in the radial direction.
The inclination angles θ1 and θ2 are, for example, larger than 0 ° and not larger than 1 °. That is, 0 ° <θ1≈θ2 <1 ° may be satisfied.

In this specification, a portion located between the peak portion 11 and the valley portion 12 is referred to as an intermediate portion 13. The intermediate portion 13 gradually decreases in inclination angle with respect to the radial direction from the peak portion 11 side and the valley portion 12 side toward the center portion in the circumferential direction. In the illustrated example, the central portion in the circumferential direction of the intermediate portion 13 extends along the radial direction.
The plate thickness of the wave spring 1 is, for example, about 0.4 mm to 3.0 mm. The outer diameter of the wave spring 1 is, for example, about 20 mm to 300 mm. The inner diameter of the wave spring 1 is, for example, about 10 mm to 290 mm. The width of the wave spring 1 is, for example, about 1 mm to 100 mm. The axial size of the wave spring 1 is, for example, about 0.5 mm to 20 mm. In the present embodiment, the wave spring 1 has an outer diameter of about 120 mm, an inner diameter of about 100 mm, an axial size of about 2.0 mm, and a plate thickness of about 1.0 mm.

As described above, according to the wave spring 1 according to the present embodiment, the outer peripheral portion of each of the peak portion 11 and the valley portion 12 projects outward in the axial direction of the wave spring 1. For this reason, in the process in which the load is applied to the wave spring 1 in the axial direction and the wave spring 1 is deformed in the axial direction so that the wave spring 1 becomes flat, the inner peripheral portions of the peak portions 11 and the valley portions 12 are pushed in the axial direction. First, the outer peripheral portion is pushed in the axial direction before being pushed. Therefore, compared with the case where the inner peripheral portion is pushed in the axial direction from the beginning when the axial load is applied to the wave spring 1, the inner peripheral portion in the stage immediately before the wave spring 1 becomes flat. The expansion deformation in the circumferential direction can be reduced, and the surface pressure generated in the inner peripheral portion can be kept within a narrow range.

Thereby, even immediately before the wave spring 1 becomes flat, it is possible to easily expand and deform the crest 11 and the trough 12 in the circumferential direction over the entire radial direction including the inner circumferential portion. Thus, the spring constant of the wave spring 1 can be suppressed from increasing immediately before the wave spring 1 becomes flat.
As described above, the spring constant can be kept equal by suppressing the change of the spring constant from the beginning of the axial load applied to the wave spring 1 until just before the wave spring 1 becomes flat.

In addition, the inclination angles θ1 and θ2 of the peak portion 11 and the valley portion 12 with respect to the radial direction are substantially equal to each other. For this reason, when attaching the wave spring 1 to the apparatus, it is not necessary to match the axial direction of the wave spring 1, and the wave spring 1 can be easily attached to the apparatus. It is possible to suppress the occurrence of bias in the surface pressure applied to.

Further, the inclination angle of the intermediate portion 13 located between the mountain portion 11 and the valley portion 12 gradually decreases from the mountain portion 11 and the valley portion 12 toward the circumferential central portion of the intermediate portion 13. With this configuration, when the wave spring 1 is attached to the apparatus, it is not necessary to match the axial direction of the wave spring 1, and the wave spring 1 can be easily attached to the apparatus. Furthermore, it is possible to suppress the occurrence of bias in the load applied between the portion near the peak portion 11 and the portion close to the valley portion 12 in the intermediate portion 13.

Next, the verification test for the effects explained above will be explained.

As an example, the above-described wave spring 1 is employed, and as a conventional example, a wave spring is formed in which crests and troughs are alternately connected in the circumferential direction, and the crests and troughs extend along the radial direction. did. Then, the load and displacement when each wave spring was pressed in the axial direction until just before being flattened, and the surface pressure generated in the wave spring were calculated by numerical analysis.

As a result, as shown in FIG. 3, in the embodiment, compared with the conventional example, the spring constant of the wave spring 1 is suppressed from increasing immediately before the wave spring 1 becomes flat. It was confirmed that the spring constant could be maintained equivalently from the beginning when the directional load was applied until just before the wave spring 1 became flat.

In addition, in the process of applying an axial load to the wave spring and deforming in the axial direction so that the wave spring becomes flat, in the conventional example, from the beginning of applying the axial load to the wave spring, the inner periphery of the wave spring is applied. It was confirmed that the surface pressure was generated in the portion, and thereafter the range in which the surface pressure was generated gradually expanded. In the embodiment, in the process of deforming the wave spring 1 in the axial direction so as to be flat, a surface pressure was initially generated in the outer peripheral portion of the wave spring 1. However, the surface pressure gradually decreases with the progress of deformation, while surface pressure begins to be generated at the inner peripheral portion of the wave spring 1, and the range of the surface pressure at the inner peripheral portion increases with the subsequent progress of the deformation. It was confirmed that
And just before the wave spring becomes flat, the area of the area where the surface pressure is generated is about 65% of the conventional example in the embodiment, and in the embodiment, the area where the surface pressure is generated can be kept in a narrow range. Was confirmed.

The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

For example, instead of the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, the peak portion 11 extends along the radial direction (that is, θ1 = 0 °), and the valley portion 12 gradually increases from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. The wave spring 2 extending toward the −Z side in the axial direction may be employed. Further, as shown in FIG. 5, the peak portion 11 gradually extends toward the + Z side in the axial direction and the valley portion 12 extends along the radial direction (that is, θ2) as it goes from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction. = 0 °) A wave spring 3 may be employed.
Further, the inclination angles θ1 and θ2 of the peak portion 11 and the valley portion 12 with respect to the radial direction may be different from each other.

In addition, it is possible to appropriately replace the constituent elements in the above-described embodiments with well-known constituent elements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the above-described modified examples may be appropriately combined.

1, 2, 3 Wave spring 11 Mountain 12 Tani 13 Intermediate part O Center axis θ1, θ2 Inclination angle

Claims

A wave spring formed by alternately connecting peaks and valleys in the circumferential direction,
When the direction perpendicular to the central axis of the wave spring is the radial direction, and the direction in which the central axis extends is the axial direction,
Either one of the peak portion and the valley portion gradually extends toward the first side in the axial direction as it goes from the inside in the radial direction to the outside,
Either the peak portion or the valley portion gradually extends toward the second side in the axial direction from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction, or the peak portion and the valley portion. One of them extends along the radial direction,
The wave spring in which the interval in the axial direction between the adjacent peak and valley is gradually increased from the inner side to the outer side in the radial direction.
Either one of the peak portion and the valley portion gradually extends toward the first side in the axial direction as it goes from the inside in the radial direction to the outside,
Either one of the peak and the valley gradually extends toward the second side in the axial direction as it goes from the inside in the radial direction to the outside,
The wave spring according to claim 1, wherein an inclination angle of the peak portion with respect to the radial direction and an inclination angle of the valley portion with respect to the radial direction are substantially equal to each other.
Either one of the peak portion and the valley portion gradually extends toward the first side in the axial direction as it goes from the inside in the radial direction to the outside,
Either one of the peak and the valley gradually extends toward the second side in the axial direction as it goes from the inside in the radial direction to the outside,
The inclination angle with respect to the radial direction of the intermediate portion located between the peak portion and the valley portion gradually decreases from the peak portion and the valley portion toward the circumferential central portion of the intermediate portion. The wave spring according to claim 1 or 2.