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WO2019096332A1 - 报文头压缩机制确定方法、设备及系统 - Google Patents

报文头压缩机制确定方法、设备及系统 Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2019096332A1
WO2019096332A1 PCT/CN2018/116513 CN2018116513W WO2019096332A1 WO 2019096332 A1 WO2019096332 A1 WO 2019096332A1 CN 2018116513 W CN2018116513 W CN 2018116513W WO 2019096332 A1 WO2019096332 A1 WO 2019096332A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
session
information
network element
packet
compression mechanism
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PCT/CN2018/116513
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English (en)
French (fr)
Inventor
周润泽
聂胜贤
陈中平
庞伶俐
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华为技术有限公司
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Publication of WO2019096332A1 publication Critical patent/WO2019096332A1/zh

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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W36/00—Hand-off or reselection arrangements

Definitions

  • the present application relates to the field of communications technologies, and in particular, to a packet header compression mechanism determining method, device, and system.
  • IP Internet Protocol
  • the packet header information length will be 40 bits.
  • IPv6 the packet of the packet is used.
  • the header information will be up to 60 bits in length.
  • the message of the same source received by the terminal device is usually the same. Therefore, if the terminal device needs to receive 100 packets from the unified source, it only needs to look at the header information of the first or first IP packets to determine the source of the packet. Therefore, each packet carries a packet.
  • the header information is reliable, it is redundant, especially in scenarios where network bandwidth is tight, such as wireless communication networks.
  • the packet header is compressed by the preset packet header compression mechanism.
  • the packet can be compressed.
  • the header information is compressed from a length of 40 bits or 60 bits into only 1 or 3 bits.
  • the packet header compression mechanism adopted by the access network device is for IP packets.
  • the types of packets are increased, including at least Ethernet (Ethernet) packets and IP packets.
  • the packet header compression mechanism for the Ethernet packet and the IP packet is different. If the access network device and the terminal device still process the Ethernet packet according to the packet header compression mechanism of the IP packet, the Ethernet packet is generated. The compression length of the packet header information is incorrect. This can not only reduce the network bandwidth tension, but also cause the packet transmission of the session to fail.
  • the present application provides a method, a device, and a system for determining a packet header compression mechanism, and determines a suitable packet header compression mechanism for a session.
  • the first aspect of the present application provides a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism, including: an access network device receives session information sent by a network element device, where the session information includes a session identifier and a packet type information, and the session identifier is used to indicate that the terminal device needs The session type, the packet type information is used to indicate the packet type of the packet transmitted on the packet transmission channel of the session.
  • the packet type can be an Ethernet packet or an IP packet.
  • Compression processing in which the packet header compression mechanism corresponding to different packet types is preset in the access network device and the terminal device, for example, the IP packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 1, and the Ethernet packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism. And because the composition and structure of the packet header information of different packet types are inconsistent, then each packet header compression mechanism is only applicable to processing one. Packets of the packet type, therefore, the access network device can select the applicable packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type of the session; the access network device sends the information of the packet header compression mechanism to the terminal device, so that the terminal device The packet header compression mechanism is determined according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the access network device and the terminal device ensure the consistency of the packet header compression mechanism, and the selected packet header compression mechanism is applicable to the packet type of the session.
  • the packet transmission channel of the session of the terminal device is established, if the terminal device sends an uplink packet, the header information of the packet header is compressed according to the packet header compression mechanism, and the access network device receives the uplink packet.
  • the packet is header-enhanced by the packet header compression mechanism, and then the packet header information of the uplink packet is restored.
  • the access network device receives the downlink packet, the access network device compresses according to the packet header.
  • the mechanism performs header compression processing on the packet header information of the downlink packet, and sends the processed downlink packet to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device After receiving the downlink packet, the terminal device performs header enhancement processing on the downlink packet according to the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the message header information of the downlink packet is restored. Therefore, when there are multiple types of packets on the 5G network, the packet header compression mechanism can be determined according to the packet type to avoid the error of the packet length of different packet types and improve the utilization of network bandwidth.
  • the network element device includes a session management network element
  • the method further includes: the access network device receiving the sending by the terminal device a session establishment request; the access network device sends a session establishment request to the session management network element; the terminal device needs to send a session establishment request to the session management network element through the access network device,
  • the session establishment request includes a session identifier.
  • the access network device receives the session information sent by the network element device, where the access network device receives the first message sent by the session management network element, where the first message includes session information and a session establishment response, and the session information includes the session identifier and the message type.
  • the access network device parses the first message to obtain session information.
  • the session management network element can generate a session establishment response according to the session establishment request, and can determine the message type information of the session according to the session identifier, and the session management network element generates a first message according to the session identifier and the packet type information and the session establishment response, and accesses
  • the network device receives the first message sent by the session management network element, and the access network device parses the first message to obtain session information, because the session management network element combines the session information and the session establishment response into the first message and sends the message to the access.
  • the session establishment response must be fed back to the terminal device through the access network device. Therefore, the network resource overhead for sending the session information can be saved.
  • the access network device sends the information of the packet header compression mechanism to the terminal device, where the access network device sends the second message to the terminal.
  • the device includes the information of the packet header compression mechanism and the session establishment response, so that the terminal device parses the second message to obtain the information of the packet header compression mechanism and the session establishment response.
  • the access network device obtains the packet type information from the session information of the first message, and then determines the packet header compression mechanism, and also obtains a session establishment response from the first message, because the access network The device must send a session establishment response to the terminal device to implement the establishment of the message transmission channel of the session.
  • the access network device generates a second message according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism and the session establishment response, and compresses the packet header.
  • the mechanism information and the session establishment response are combined and sent in one message, which can save the network resource overhead of the additional information of the message header compression mechanism.
  • the network element device includes a user plane network element, and the access network device receives the session information sent by the network element device, where the access network device receives the user plane network element and sends the
  • the downlink packet includes the session information, and the session information includes the session identifier and the packet type information.
  • the access network device parses the downlink packet to obtain the session information.
  • the access network device cannot obtain the session information by using the second possible implementation manner, and then the user can
  • the network element receives the downlink packet
  • the user plane network element carries the session information in the downlink packet
  • the access network device receives the downlink packet sent by the user plane network element
  • the access network device parses the downlink packet to obtain the session.
  • the information is sent to the access network device by the user plane network element in the downlink packet. Therefore, no additional network resources are needed to transmit the session information, which reduces the overhead.
  • the access network device sends the information of the packet header compression mechanism to the terminal device, including: the access network device compresses the packet header The information of the mechanism is carried in the downlink packet; the access network device sends the processed downlink packet to the terminal device.
  • the access network device receives the downlink packet sent by the user plane network element, and obtains the session information included in the downlink packet, and after determining the packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type information in the session information, the access network device ensures The packet header compression mechanism is the same as that of the terminal device.
  • the access network device also needs to inform the terminal device of the packet header compression mechanism. Therefore, the access network device can carry the packet header compression mechanism information to the downlink packet. Sending to the terminal device can further reduce the network resource overhead of transmitting the information of the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the network element device includes an access and mobility management network element
  • the method further includes: accessing the network device The ingress and the mobile management network element sends a handover request, and the access network device receives the session information sent by the network element device, including: the access network device receives the handover response sent by the access and the mobility management network element, and the handover response includes the session information and the session information.
  • the session identifier and the packet type information are included; the access network device parses the handover response to obtain the session information.
  • the network access device also needs to obtain session information, and selects a packet header compression mechanism.
  • the access network device sends a handover request to the access and mobility management network element, and the handover request is used to switch the session of the terminal device to the access network device.
  • the access and mobility management network element generates a handover response according to the handover request, and obtains session information according to the session identifier in the handover request, and carries the session information in the handover response, and the access network device resolves the access and the mobility management network element sends the Switching the response to obtain the session information, ensuring that the access device switching of the terminal device is successfully completed, and ensuring that the packet header compression mechanism of the switched access network device can match the packet header compression mechanism of the terminal device. .
  • the method further includes: after the access network device and the terminal device have negotiated the packet header compression mechanism, if The access network device receives the uplink packet sent by the terminal device, and the packet header information of the uplink packet is processed by the terminal device header, and the access network device receives the packet of the uplink packet according to the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the header information is subjected to header enhancement processing. If the access network device receives the downlink packet, the header header compression processing is performed on the header information of the downlink packet according to the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the second aspect of the present application provides a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism, including: a network element device acquiring session information, where the session information includes a session identifier and a packet type information, where the packet type information is used to indicate a message transmission channel of the session.
  • the packet type of the transmitted packet may be an Ethernet packet or an IP packet
  • the network element device sends the session information to the access network device, because the access network device and the terminal device are preset in correspondence.
  • the packet header compression mechanism of different packet types for example, the IP packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 1, the Ethernet packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 2, and the packet header information of the packet of different packet types is used.
  • the composition and structure are inconsistent.
  • each packet header compression mechanism is only applicable to the processing of one packet type. Therefore, the access network device can select the applicable packet based on the packet type information in the session information.
  • the packet header compression mechanism and the access network device sends the information of the packet header compression mechanism to the terminal device, so that the terminal device determines according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism.
  • Header compression mechanism thus, access network equipment and terminal equipment to ensure the consistency of header compression mechanism, and the choice of header compression mechanism applicable to session message type.
  • the packet is header-enhanced by the packet header compression mechanism, and then the packet header information of the uplink packet is restored.
  • the access network device receives the downlink packet, the access network device compresses according to the packet header.
  • the mechanism performs header compression processing on the packet header information of the downlink packet, and sends the processed downlink packet to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device After receiving the downlink packet, the terminal device performs header enhancement processing on the downlink packet according to the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the message header information of the downlink packet is restored. Therefore, when there are multiple types of packets on the 5G network, the packet header compression mechanism can be determined according to the packet type to avoid the error of the packet length of different packet types and improve the utilization of network bandwidth.
  • the network element device is a session management network element, and the network element device acquires session information, including: when the terminal device has a session requirement, the network management device needs to initiate a session to the session management network element of the network.
  • the session management network element receives the session establishment request sent by the terminal device, and the session establishment request carries the session identifier, and the session management network element determines the session according to the session identifier in the session establishment request; each session is a data requirement of the corresponding terminal device. Then, the packet type of the packet transmitted on the message transmission channel of the session can be determined.
  • the session management network element can obtain the packet type information of the session according to the session; the session identifier and the packet type information form the session information, and the session management The network element obtains the session information of the session according to the session identifier and the packet type information.
  • the network element device sends the session information to the access network device, including: the session management network element generates a session establishment response according to the session establishment request; The management network element generates a first message according to the session information and the session establishment response, and sends the first message to the access network device, because the session management network element must send the session establishment response to the terminal device through the access network device, The establishment of the message transmission channel of the session, the session management network element combines the session information and the session establishment response in one message, which can save the network resource overhead of sending the session information.
  • the network element device is a user plane network element, and the network element device acquires session information, including: the user plane network element receives the session establishment request from the session management network element, and the session establishment request Carrying session information; the user plane network element obtains session information according to the session establishment request.
  • the session management network element needs to make a session establishment request, and the session management network element can determine the session information of the session corresponding to the session establishment request, and the user plane network element can establish the session through the session management network element. Request to get session information.
  • the network element device sends the session information to the access network device, including: when the terminal device has established a message transmission channel of the session, the user The network element carries the session information in the downlink packet and sends it to the access network device. Since the session information is carried by the user plane network element in the downlink packet and sent to the access network device, no additional consumption is required. Network resources are used to transmit session information, reducing overhead.
  • the network element device is the access and mobility management network element, and the network element device acquires the session information, including: when the terminal device needs to establish a session, Initiating a session establishment request, the access and mobility management network element can forward the session establishment request sent by the terminal device to the session management network element, because the access and mobility management network element has the capability of handling the access and management of the terminal device; The session management network element needs to establish a response to the session establishment request feedback session, and the obtained session information is carried in the session establishment response and fed back to the access and mobility management network element, and the access and mobility management network element receives the session establishment of the session management network element.
  • the session establishment response carries session information
  • the access and mobility management network element obtains session information according to the session establishment response.
  • the session management network element can transmit the session information to the access and mobility management network element by carrying the session information response, which can reduce the overhead of separately transmitting the session information.
  • the network element device sends the session information to the access network device, including: when the terminal device establishes a message transmission channel of the session, and the terminal device When the access network device is switched, the access and mobility management network element receives the handover request of the access network device, and the handover request includes the session identifier; the access and mobility management network element generates the handover response according to the handover request; the access and mobility management network
  • the session information is carried in the handover response and sent to the access network device.
  • the packet transmission still needs to be performed normally, and the access network device also needs to obtain the session information.
  • the access and mobility management network element sends the session information to the access network device by means of the handover response, and the access network device resolves the access and the handover response sent by the mobility management network element to obtain the session information, thereby ensuring the session information.
  • the access network device of the terminal device is successfully switched, the packet header compression mechanism of the access network device after the handover can be ensured. Be the terminal device matching header compression mechanism.
  • a third aspect of the present application provides a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism, including: a terminal device sends a message to a network element device, requesting to establish a session, where the message includes a session identifier; and the terminal device receives a packet header compression sent by the access network device.
  • Mechanism information the packet header compression mechanism is used to process the message transmitted on the message transmission channel of the session; the terminal device determines the packet header compression mechanism according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism, and is in the access network device and the terminal device.
  • the packet header compression mechanism corresponding to different packet types is set in advance. For example, the IP packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 1, the Ethernet packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 2, and the packet is reported due to different packet types.
  • each packet header compression mechanism is only applicable to the processing of one packet type. Therefore, the access network device can select the applicable packet type according to the session.
  • the packet header compression mechanism, the terminal device determines the packet header compression mechanism according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism, and the access network device and the terminal device ensure the report Header compression mechanism header compression consistency mechanism, and the choice of suitable type of session packet.
  • the access network device compresses according to the packet header.
  • the mechanism performs header compression processing on the packet header information of the downlink packet, and sends the processed downlink packet to the terminal device.
  • the terminal device After receiving the downlink packet, the terminal device performs header enhancement processing on the downlink packet according to the packet header compression mechanism. Restore the packet header information of the downlink packet. Therefore, when there are multiple types of packets on the 5G network, the packet header compression mechanism can be determined according to the packet type to avoid the error of the packet length of different packet types and improve the utilization of network bandwidth.
  • the information that the terminal device receives the packet header compression mechanism sent by the access network device includes: receiving, by the terminal device, the second message sent by the access network device, where the second message includes The information of the session establishment response and the packet header compression mechanism is obtained by the access network device according to the first message sent by the network element device, where the first message includes session information and a session establishment response; and the terminal device parses the second message.
  • Information about the header compression mechanism Since the access network device combines the information of the packet header compression mechanism and the session establishment response in one message, the network resource overhead of the information of the additional packet header compression mechanism can be saved.
  • the terminal device receives the information about the packet header compression mechanism sent by the access network device, where the terminal device receives the downlink packet sent by the access network device, where the downlink packet includes Information about the packet header compression mechanism; the terminal device parses the downlink packet to obtain the information of the packet header compression mechanism. Since the information of the packet header compression mechanism is sent by the access network device in the downlink packet, no additional The consumed network resources are used to transmit information of the packet header compression mechanism, which reduces overhead.
  • the terminal device processes the uplink packet or the downlink packet according to the packet header compression mechanism, and the access network device After the terminal device has negotiated the packet header compression mechanism, if the terminal device receives the downlink packet sent by the access network device, the packet header information of the downlink packet is compressed by the access network device header, then the terminal device The packet header information of the downlink packet is header-enhanced according to the packet header compression mechanism. If the terminal device needs to send the uplink packet, the packet header information of the uplink packet is subjected to header compression processing according to the packet header compression mechanism.
  • a fourth aspect of the present application provides an access network device, including: a transceiver and at least one processor, the transceiver and the at least one processor are interconnected by a line, and the transceiver is configured to perform any of the first aspect or the first aspect.
  • the access network device further includes: a memory, where the execution instruction of the at least one processor is stored; the memory is interconnected with the transceiver and the at least one processor by a line.
  • a fifth aspect of the present application provides a network element device, including: a transceiver and at least one processor, the transceiver and the at least one processor are interconnected by a line, and the transceiver is configured to perform any optional implementation of the second aspect or the second aspect.
  • the operation of transmitting and receiving information is performed on the network element device side; the at least one processor performs the information processing or control operation performed on the network element device side in the second aspect or any optional implementation manner of the second aspect.
  • the network element device further includes: a memory, where the execution instruction of the at least one processor is stored; the memory is interconnected with the transceiver and the at least one processor by a line.
  • a sixth aspect of the present application provides a terminal device, including: a transceiver and at least one processor, the transceiver and the at least one processor are interconnected by a line, and the transceiver is configured to perform any of the optional implementations of the third aspect or the third aspect.
  • the terminal device further includes: a memory, where the execution instruction of the at least one processor is stored; the memory is interconnected with the transceiver and the at least one processor by a line.
  • a seventh aspect of the present application provides a chip system, including: applied to an access network device, the chip system includes at least one processor, and an interface circuit, the transceiver and the at least one processor are interconnected by a line, and the processor executes the first aspect. Or the operation of the access network device in any of the optional implementations of the first aspect.
  • An eighth aspect of the present application provides a chip system, including: being applied to a network element device, where the chip system includes at least one processor, and an interface circuit, the transceiver and the at least one processor are interconnected by a line, and the processor performs the second aspect or The operation of the network element device in any of the alternative implementations of the second aspect.
  • a ninth aspect of the present application provides a chip system, including: being applied to a terminal device, where the chip system includes at least one processor, and an interface circuit, the transceiver and the at least one processor are interconnected by a line, and the processor executes the third aspect or the The operation of the terminal device in any of the optional implementations of the three aspects.
  • a tenth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which is applied to an access network device, where the computer readable storage medium stores instructions that, when run on a computer, cause the computer to perform the first aspect or the first The operation of the access network device in any of the alternative implementations.
  • An eleventh aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which is applied to a network element device, where instructions are stored in a computer readable storage medium, and when executed on a computer, cause the computer to execute the second aspect or the second The operation of the network element device in any of the optional implementations.
  • a twelfth aspect of the present application provides a computer readable storage medium, which is applied to a terminal device, where the computer readable storage medium stores instructions for causing the computer to execute the third aspect or the third aspect when it is run on a computer The operation of the terminal device in any of the alternative implementations.
  • a thirteenth aspect of the present application provides a network access system, including: an access network device and a network element device;
  • the access network device is the access network device of the fourth aspect
  • the network element device is the network element device of the fifth aspect.
  • the network access system further includes: a terminal device;
  • the terminal device is the terminal device of the sixth aspect described above.
  • the access network device may obtain the session information to determine the packet type of the session, complete the selection of the packet header compression mechanism of the applicable packet type, and compress the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the information is sent to the terminal device to determine a suitable packet header compression mechanism for the session, which avoids the error of the compression length of the packet header information of different packet types, and improves the utilization of the network bandwidth.
  • the embodiments of the present application also provide corresponding devices and systems.
  • Figure 1 is a system architecture diagram of a 5G network
  • FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of another embodiment of a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for determining a packet header compression mechanism according to an embodiment of the present disclosure
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of an access network device according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a chip system according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the present application provides a method, a device, and a system for determining a packet header compression mechanism, and determines a suitable packet header compression mechanism for a session.
  • upstream and downstream appearing in this application are used in some scenarios to describe the direction of data/information transmission.
  • upstream direction is the direction in which the data/information is transmitted from the terminal device to the network side
  • the downlink direction is the direction in which the data/information is transmitted from the network side device to the terminal device
  • upstream and downstream are only used to describe the direction, and specific devices for starting and ending the data/information are not limited.
  • the naming or numbering of the steps appearing in this application does not mean that the steps in the method flow must be performed in the time/logical order indicated by the naming or numbering.
  • the process steps that have been named or numbered can be implemented according to the The technical purpose changes the execution order as long as the same or similar technical effects can be achieved.
  • the division of modules appearing in this application is a logical division. In actual applications, there may be another division manner. For example, multiple modules may be combined or integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored. Alternatively, or not, in addition, the coupling or direct coupling or communication connection between the displays or the discussions may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the modules may be electrical or the like. There are no restrictions on the application.
  • modules or sub-modules described as separate components may or may not be physically separated, may not be physical modules, or may be distributed to multiple circuit modules, and some or all of them may be selected according to actual needs. Modules are used to achieve the objectives of the present application.
  • a system architecture diagram of a 5G network is constructed in a modular and software-based construction manner.
  • 1 includes Policy Control Function (PCF), Unified Data Management (UDM), Application Function (AF), Authentication Server Function (AUSF), access and mobility.
  • PCF Policy Control Function
  • UDM Unified Data Management
  • AF Application Function
  • AUSF Authentication Server Function
  • AMF Access and Mobility Management Function
  • SMF Session Management Function
  • UPF User Plane Function
  • UE User Equipment
  • RAN Access Network Equipment
  • DN Data network
  • the 5G system architecture diagram of Figure 1 is based on Network Functions Virtualisation (NFV) technology.
  • NFV Network Functions Virtualisation
  • each network function in FIG. 1 can also be referred to as a network element device, wherein the AMF and the SMF are network element devices of the control plane of the 5G network, the AMF is responsible for access and mobility management of the UE, and the SMF is responsible for session management and can be configured. Multiple.
  • network elements of other control planes such as AUSF, PCF, UDM, and AF
  • the UPF is responsible for controlling the global.
  • the UPF also replaces the Service Gateway (SGW) and PGW that perform routing and forwarding functions in the 4G network.
  • SGW Service Gateway
  • the network elements mainly involved in the UE's session are UE, RAN, UPF, AMF, and SMF.
  • UPF, AMF, and SMF are collectively referred to as network element devices
  • RAN is an access network device
  • UE is a terminal device.
  • the terminal device in the embodiment of the present application includes a fixed terminal device such as a personal computer (PC), an IP phone, and a facsimile machine, and a mobile terminal device such as a mobile phone and a tablet computer.
  • the type of packets transmitted between the user planes of the terminal device and the PGW is only IP packets.
  • the packet header information length will be 40 bits.
  • IPv6 the packet header information length will reach 60 bits.
  • the message of the same source received by the terminal device is usually the same. Therefore, if the terminal device needs to receive 100 packets from the unified source, it only needs to look at the header information of the first or first IP packets to determine the source of the packet. Therefore, each packet carries a packet.
  • the header information is reliable, it is redundant, especially in scenarios where network bandwidth is tight, such as wireless communication networks.
  • the packet header information in the packet is compressed by using a preset packet header compression mechanism, such as robust header compression (Robust Header).
  • the Compression (ROHC) scheme can usually compress the header information of an IP packet from a length of 40 bits or 60 bits to only 1 or 3 bits.
  • the number of packets is increased, including at least Ethernet packets and IP packets.
  • the Ethernet packet is used as an example.
  • the basic principle of the packet header compression mechanism of the Ethernet packet is that the sender replaces the packet header information of the Ethernet packet with other labels by using a shorter label, and the receiver receives a shorter label. Restore to message header information and other tags. From the perspective of the 5G air interface, the length of the packet header information is reduced after the header compression processing, so that more packets can be transmitted, and the bandwidth utilization is improved.
  • the premise of the header compression of the Ethernet packet is that the compressed area has compression possibility.
  • the packet header information of an Ethernet packet has an Ethernet destination address (DA) and a source address (Source Address, SA), which are respectively 6 bytes, for a total of 12 bytes, and are connected to the network device.
  • DA Ethernet destination address
  • SA Source Address
  • the number of DAs and SAs in the header information of the received Ethernet packets is limited. It is impossible to cover all physical (MAC) addresses. It is assumed that there are 100 types of DAs and SAs for different Ethernet packets within 3 seconds. In theory, we can replace the DA and SA of these 100 different Ethernet messages with 100 different compression flags.
  • 128 different DAs and SAs can be replaced with 7 bits, and 8 bits are equal to 1 byte, so that the header information can be compressed. If the amount of compression marks required to replace DA and SA increases as the amount of messages increases, the compression effect is worse and the number of compressed tables supported is larger.
  • the packet header compression mechanism for Ethernet packets and IP packets is different. If the access network device and the terminal device still process the Ethernet packet according to the packet header compression mechanism of the IP packet in the 4G network, the compression length of the packet header information of the Ethernet packet is incorrect, which not only reduces the network bandwidth. Tensions can also cause the message transmission of the session to fail.
  • the method for determining the packet header compression mechanism provided by the present application is described in the following embodiments, so that the access network device can determine the session report according to the session information provided by the network element device under the network of different packet types. For the text type, select the adapted packet header compression mechanism to correctly process the packets transmitted on the message transmission channel of the session.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism, including:
  • the terminal device sends a message to the network element device, requesting to establish a session, and the network element device receives the message sent by the terminal device, where the message includes the session identifier.
  • the terminal device may be a fixed terminal device such as a PC, an IP phone, or a fax machine, or a mobile terminal device such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer.
  • the session transmission of the session needs to be established.
  • a channel can transmit a message on a packet transmission channel. Therefore, a message needs to be sent to the network element device to establish a session.
  • the session may be a session establishment request, where the message has a session identifier, where the session identifier is used to indicate the session and the session. It is a service connection established between the terminal and the network.
  • the session identifier includes a session ID and a user plane identifier of the session.
  • the user plane identifier of the session is generated by a session management network element (SMF) or a user plane network element (UPF) in the network, and the session is generated.
  • the user plane identifier may be a tunnel endpoint identifier (TEID).
  • TEID tunnel endpoint identifier
  • the network element device acquires session information, where the session information includes a session identifier and a packet type information.
  • the network element device After receiving the message of the terminal device, the network element device can determine the session according to the session identifier in the message, and determine the packet type of the session, and obtain the packet type information, and the packet type can be an Ethernet packet or an IP packet.
  • the specific packet type is not limited.
  • the session identifier and packet type information form session information.
  • the network element device sends the session information to the access network device, where the access network device receives the session information sent by the network element device.
  • the session information needs to be sent to the access network device, so as to inform the access.
  • the packet type of the network device session is selected to be a packet header compression mechanism suitable for the packet type, so that the packet transmitted on the packet transmission channel of the session is correctly processed, and the access network device receives the packet sent by the network element device. Session information.
  • the access network device determines a packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type information.
  • the access network device parses the received session information, the session identifier and the packet type information are obtained, and the access network device determines the packet type of the session according to the packet type information, and pre-establishes the access network device and the terminal device.
  • the packet header compression mechanism is configured for different packet types. For example, the IP packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 1, the Ethernet packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 2, and the packet is reported by different packet types.
  • the composition and structure of the header information are inconsistent. Therefore, each packet header compression mechanism is only applicable to the processing of one packet type. Therefore, the access network device can select the applicable packet type according to the session.
  • the header compression mechanism is configured for different packet types. For example, the IP packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 1, the Ethernet packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 2, and the packet is reported by different packet types.
  • the composition and structure of the header information are inconsistent. Therefore, each packet header compression mechanism is only applicable to the processing of one packet type. Therefore, the access network device can select the applicable packet type
  • the access network device sends the information of the packet header compression mechanism to the terminal device, where the terminal device receives the information of the packet header compression mechanism sent by the access network device.
  • the access network device After determining the packet header compression mechanism, the access network device can only ensure that the downlink packets received by the access network device can be compressed according to the packet header compression mechanism, and the packet of the terminal device is processed.
  • the header compression mechanism is still indeterminate. Therefore, the terminal device cannot guarantee that the uplink packet to be sent and the received downlink packet can be processed according to the packet header compression mechanism corresponding to the packet type. Therefore, the access network device needs to send the information of the packet header compression mechanism to the terminal device, and the terminal device receives the information of the packet header compression mechanism sent by the access network device.
  • the terminal device determines a packet header compression mechanism according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the terminal device Since the terminal device has the same packet header compression mechanism as the access network device, the terminal device can determine the packet header compression mechanism according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism after receiving the information of the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the access network device and the terminal device ensure the consistency of the packet header compression mechanism, and the selected packet header compression mechanism is applicable to the session packet type.
  • the IP packet corresponds to the packet header compression mechanism 1 ( The ROHC mechanism, the Ethernet packet corresponds to the packet header compression mechanism 2.
  • the packet header is compressed.
  • Mechanism 2 performs header compression processing on the header information of the uplink packet, which may be:
  • the access network device Since the access network device also knows that the packet type is an Ethernet packet and the packet header compression mechanism 2 is selected, the access network device is known to have a compression table, and receives the uplink report sent by the terminal device. After the text, the replacement mark 1 and the replacement mark 2 can be parsed from the message header information, and according to the correspondence between the replacement mark and the SA and DA in the compression table, SA 2 and DA 1 can be restored to obtain a complete report. Head information.
  • the access network device when the access network device receives the downlink packet, it will perform header compression processing on the packet header information of the downlink packet according to the packet header compression mechanism, and the terminal device acts as the receiver and will follow the access.
  • the packet header compression mechanism of the same network device performs header enhancement processing on the downlink packet, and the header enhancement processing is to obtain the packet header information according to the compression table described above. Therefore, when there are multiple types of packets on the 5G network, the packet header compression mechanism can be determined according to the packet type to avoid the error of the packet length of different packet types and improve the utilization of network bandwidth.
  • the session information transmission between the network element device and the access network device, and the information transmission of the packet header compression mechanism between the access network device and the terminal device add additional Network overhead, in order to reduce network overhead, the following two methods can be used: (1) The session information and the packet header compression mechanism information and the session establishment response are respectively carried in a message; (2) the session information and the report are The information of the header compression mechanism is carried in the downlink packet sent by the network element device.
  • the network element device is specifically an SMF. Since the function of the SMF is to manage the session, the SMF receives the session establishment request of the terminal device, and can determine the session information according to the session identifier in the session establishment request. And sending the session information and the session establishment response as the first message to the access network device, and after the access network device determines the packet header compression mechanism, the information of the packet header compression mechanism is used as the second message together with the session establishment response.
  • the terminal device is specifically a UE
  • the access network device is specifically a RAN;
  • the network element device is specifically a UPF, and the UPF receives the session establishment request from the SMF and carries the session information.
  • the UPF forwards the downlink message
  • the UPF carries the session information in the downlink message and sends the message to the access network device.
  • the packet network device determines the packet header compression mechanism
  • the information of the packet header compression mechanism is carried in the downlink packet and sent to the terminal device, where the terminal device is specifically a UE, and the access network device is specifically a RAN.
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism, including:
  • the UE sends a session establishment request to the SMF, and the SMF receives the session establishment request sent by the UE, where the session establishment request includes a session identifier.
  • the UE may be a fixed terminal device such as a PC, an IP phone, or a fax machine, or a mobile terminal device such as a mobile phone or a tablet computer.
  • the UE needs to conduct a session with a server or a data center, the UE sends a session establishment request to the SMF, and the session establishment request is in the session establishment request.
  • the Session ID is used to indicate the session that the UE wants to perform, and the SMF receives the session establishment request sent by the UE.
  • the SMF obtains session information according to the session establishment request, where the session information includes a session ID and a packet type information.
  • the SMF can determine the session according to the session ID in the session establishment request, and determine the packet type of the session.
  • the packet type can be an Ethernet packet or an IP packet.
  • the specific packet type is not used.
  • the defined message type is recorded as message type information, and the session ID and the message type information constitute session information.
  • the SMF generates a session establishment response according to the session establishment request.
  • the SMF can process the session establishment request sent by the UE to generate a session establishment response.
  • the SMF generates a first message according to the session information and the session establishment response, and sends the first message to the RAN, where the RAN receives the first message sent by the SMF.
  • the SMF needs to feed back the session establishment response to the UE to implement the establishment of the message transmission channel of the session, and is sent to the UE through the RAN. Then, the SMF can carry the session information and the session establishment response in the first message, and send it to the first message.
  • the RAN the RAN receives the first message sent by the SMF.
  • the RAN parses the first message to obtain session information.
  • the RAN parses the received first message to obtain session information and a session establishment response.
  • the RAN determines the packet type of the session according to the session information, and determines the packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type of the session.
  • the RAN After the RAN parses the session information and obtains the session ID and the packet type information, the RAN can obtain the packet type of the session according to the session ID and the packet type information, and preset different packet types in the RAN and the UE.
  • the packet header compression mechanism for example, the IP packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 1, the Ethernet packet is applied to the packet header compression mechanism 2, and the composition and structure of the packet header information of different packet types are inconsistent. Then, each type of packet header compression mechanism is only applicable to the processing of a packet type packet. Therefore, the RAN can select an applicable packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type of the session.
  • the RAN sends a second message to the UE, where the second message includes information about a packet header compression mechanism and a session establishment response.
  • the RAN After the RAN obtains the session information through the first message sent by the SMF, and determines the packet header compression mechanism, the RAN also needs to send a session establishment response to the UE, so as to implement the establishment of the message transmission channel of the session, the message can be sent. Both the information of the header compression mechanism and the session establishment response are carried in the second message.
  • the UE parses the second message to obtain the information of the packet header compression mechanism, and determines the packet header compression mechanism according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the UE After receiving the second message sent by the RAN, the UE can obtain the information of the packet header compression mechanism and the session establishment response by parsing the second message. Since the UE has the same packet header compression mechanism as the RAN, the terminal device receives the packet. After the information of the packet header compression mechanism is obtained, the packet header compression mechanism can be determined according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism, and after the session establishment response is obtained, the session transmission channel of the session is established.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, since the SMF combines the session information and the session establishment response into the first message and sends it to the RAN, and the RAN is the information of the packet header compression mechanism. And the session establishment response is sent to the UE in the second message, and the session establishment response must be fed back to the UE, which reduces the overhead of the information of the additional transmission session information and the packet header compression mechanism, and can save network resources.
  • the information of the packet header compression mechanism is carried in the second message together with the session establishment response, and the information length of the second message is still due to the packet.
  • the information of the header compression mechanism is increased.
  • the information of the packet header compression mechanism may be transmitted in other manners.
  • the UE and the RAN have multiple dedicated message transmission channels, and the preset exclusive
  • the packet transmission channel 1 can only transmit Ethernet packets.
  • the exclusive packet transmission channel 2 can only transmit IP packets, and the Ethernet packets correspond to the packet header compression mechanism 1.
  • the Ethernet packets correspond to the packet header compression mechanism 2, then
  • the dedicated packet transmission channel 1 is associated with the packet header compression mechanism 1.
  • the dedicated packet transmission channel 2 is associated with the packet header compression mechanism 2, and the access network device and the terminal device only need to know that the packet is From which proprietary message transmission channel is obtained, the message header compression mechanism can be determined.
  • the information of the packet header compression mechanism does not need to consume any network resources, but due to the large number of terminal devices, the implementation of the dedicated message transmission channel is difficult, and the data channel between the UE and the RAN is currently based on different qualities.
  • the bandwidth management capability of the service (QoS) is differentiated.
  • QoS bandwidth management capability of the service
  • an embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism, including:
  • the UE sends a session establishment request to the SMF, and the SMF receives the session establishment request sent by the UE, where the session establishment request includes a session ID.
  • step 301 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 Please refer to step 301 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 for details.
  • the SMF obtains session information according to the session establishment request, where the session information includes a session ID and a packet type information.
  • step 302 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 Please refer to step 302 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 for details.
  • the SMF carries the session information to the session establishment request and sends the session information to the UPF.
  • the user plane function is controlled by the UPF.
  • the UPF replaces the SGW and the PGW that perform the routing and forwarding functions in the original 4G network. Therefore, the UPF can process the session establishment request sent by the UE, and is a sending session on the user plane.
  • the terminal device establishing the request feeds back the session establishment response, and then the SMF carries the session information to the session establishment request and sends the session establishment request to the UPF.
  • the UPF obtains session information according to the session establishment request.
  • the UPF After receiving the session establishment request sent by the SMF, the UPF parses the session establishment request to obtain the session ID and the packet type information.
  • the UPF generates a session establishment response according to the session establishment request, and forwards the session establishment response to the UE by using the SMF.
  • the UPF generates a session establishment response according to the session establishment request, and forwards the session establishment response to the UE through the SMF, so that after receiving the session establishment response, the UE completes the establishment of the message transmission channel of the session.
  • the UPF receives the downlink packet of the session.
  • the UPF After the UE completes the establishment of the message transmission channel of the session, the UPF receives the downlink packet sent to the UE.
  • the UPF carries the session information in the downlink packet and sends the session information to the RAN.
  • the session identifier In each packet, in order to be able to clarify the source and destination of the packet, the session identifier needs to be included in the packet header information. Therefore, after the UPF feeds back the session establishment response to the UE, the TEID of the session can be determined.
  • the tunnel information is carried in the source and the destination of the packet, and the session information is carried in the downlink packet.
  • the header information can be obtained when the RAN performs header compression processing on the downlink packet. The redundancy information is deleted, and the session information is only useful for the RAN. Therefore, it is reasonable to carry the session information in the packet header information of the downlink packet, and the downlink packet including the session information is sent to the RAN.
  • the RAN parses the downlink packet to obtain session information.
  • the RAN After obtaining the downlink packet sent by the UPF, the RAN parses the packet header information of the downlink packet to obtain session information.
  • the RAN determines a packet type of the session according to the session information, and determines a packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type of the session.
  • the RAN carries the information of the packet header compression mechanism in the downlink packet, and sends the information to the UE.
  • the RAN After the RAN determines the packet header compression mechanism, the RAN cannot use the packet header compression mechanism to perform header compression processing on the downlink packet, and the packet header compression mechanism is adopted.
  • the information is carried in the downlink packet, and the downlink packet is sent to the UE.
  • the UE parses the downlink packet, obtains the information of the packet header compression mechanism, and determines the packet header compression mechanism according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the UE After obtaining the downlink packet, the UE parses the information of the packet header compression mechanism from the packet information of the downlink packet, determines the packet header compression mechanism according to the information of the packet header compression mechanism, and then uses the packet header compression mechanism to The header information of the subsequent downlink packets of the RAN is decompressed, so that the header information before the RAN performs header compression processing is restored.
  • the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 is compared with the embodiment shown in FIG. 2, since the session information is sent by the UPF to the RAN in the downlink packet, and the RAN obtains the packet header compression mechanism according to the session information, The information of the header compression mechanism is carried in the downlink packet and sent to the UE, which reduces the overhead of the information of the additional transmission session information and the packet header compression mechanism.
  • the scenario described in the embodiment of FIG. 3 is in the process of establishing a message transmission channel of the session
  • the scenario described in the embodiment of FIG. 4 is that after the session transmission channel of the session is established, there is no connection between the UE and the RAN.
  • the UE is a mobile terminal device
  • the UE needs to switch the RAN, and in order to ensure the user
  • the message transmission still needs to be performed normally.
  • the RAN after the UE handover needs to obtain the session information, and selects the packet header compression mechanism. This case will be described in detail below by way of examples.
  • the embodiment of the present application provides a method for determining a packet header compression mechanism.
  • the network element device is specifically an AMF, and includes:
  • the UE sends a session establishment request to the SMF, and the SMF receives the session establishment request sent by the UE, where the session establishment request includes a session ID.
  • step 301 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 Please refer to step 301 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 for details.
  • the SMF obtains the session information of the session according to the session establishment request, where the session information includes a session ID and a packet type information.
  • step 302 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 Please refer to step 302 of the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 for details.
  • the SMF carries the session information to the session establishment request and sends the session information to the AMF.
  • the AMF has access and mobility management functions.
  • the UE switches the RAN, it needs to be controlled by the AMF.
  • the session information can be notified to the AMF.
  • the AMF obtains session information according to the session establishment request.
  • the AMF After receiving the session establishment request, the AMF parses the session establishment request to obtain session information.
  • the target RAN sends a handover request to the AMF, where the handover request includes a session ID.
  • the UE After the UE establishes the message transmission channel of the session, when the UE moves from the signal coverage of one RAN to the signal coverage of another RAN, the UE switches to the target RAN currently located, and the target RAN needs to send a handover request to the AMF, and The session ID is included in the switch request.
  • the AMF generates a handover response according to the handover request.
  • the AMF After receiving the handover request, the AMF generates a handover response, which is to enable the target RAN to establish a communication connection with the UE.
  • the AMF carries the session information in the handover response and sends the session information to the target RAN.
  • the AMF carries the session information acquired in step 504 in the handover response and sends it to the RAN, so that the target RAN can complete the RAN handover of the UE according to the handover response.
  • the target RAN parses the handover response to obtain the session information, determines the packet type of the session according to the session information, and determines the packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type of the session.
  • the target RAN After receiving the handover response, the target RAN parses the handover response to obtain session information, and according to the session information, can determine the packet type of the packet transmitted by the packet transmission channel of the session of the UE, and determine the packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type of the session. Therefore, the consistency of the target RAN and the UE header compression mechanism is achieved.
  • the AMF obtains the session information, and when the UE needs to perform the RAN handover, in order to ensure the smooth handover, and simultaneously meet the target.
  • the packet header compression mechanism of the RAN is consistent with the UE.
  • the AMF can carry the session information in the handover response that is fed back to the target RAN, so that the target RAN selects the packet header compression mechanism according to the session information, thereby ensuring smooth handover of the RAN by the UE.
  • the packet header compression mechanism of the target RAN after the handover can be matched with the packet header compression mechanism of the UE.
  • the device processed by the message may be an access network device, a gateway device or a terminal device.
  • the apparatus for determining the packet header compression mechanism may include the following modules divided by functions: a receiving module 601, a processing module 602, and a sending module 603.
  • the receiving module 601 can perform the receiving function when the device in the method for determining the packet header compression mechanism in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 is the corresponding access network device, the gateway device, or the terminal device.
  • the sending module 603 can perform the sending function when the device processed by the packet in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 is the corresponding access network device, the gateway device, or the terminal device.
  • the processing module 602 can perform the processing functions when the device processed by the packet in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 is a corresponding access network device, a gateway device, or a terminal device.
  • FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an access network device 70 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • Access network device 70 includes at least one processor 710 and a transceiver 730, and transceiver 730 and at least one processor 710 are interconnected by a line.
  • the access network device 70 further includes: a memory 750; the memory 750 may include a read only memory and a random access memory, and provide the processor 710 Operating instructions and data. A portion of the memory 750 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • the corresponding operation is performed by calling an operation instruction stored in the memory 750, which can be stored in the operating system.
  • the processor 710 controls the operation of the access network device 70, which may also be referred to as a Central Processing Unit (CPU).
  • Memory 750 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 710.
  • a portion of the memory 750 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • the specific components of the access network device 70 are coupled together by a bus system 720 in a specific application.
  • the bus system 720 may include a power bus, a control bus, a status signal bus, and the like in addition to the data bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 720 in the figure.
  • Processor 710 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the above method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 710 or an instruction in the form of software.
  • the processor 1410 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware. Component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 750, and the processor 710 reads the information in the memory 750 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the transceiver 730 is configured to perform the steps of receiving and transmitting the access network device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, for example, the transceiver 730 is configured to support the access network device to perform FIG. 2 Step 203 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 (specifically, receiving session information sent by the network element device), step 205 (specifically, sending information of the packet header compression mechanism to the terminal device), step 304 (specifically, receiving the SMF) The first message sent) and step 307 (specifically, sending the second message to the UE).
  • the processor 710 is configured to perform the process of the access network device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, for example, the processor 710 is configured to support the access network device to perform the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5.
  • Step 204 specifically, determining a packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type information
  • FIG. 7 Other access network devices, gateway devices, or terminal devices can also be understood by referring to FIG. 7, wherein the functions of the corresponding transceivers and processors in the access network device, the gateway device, or the terminal device can perform the devices in FIG. 2 to FIG. The corresponding steps of receiving, sending and processing.
  • FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip system 80 according to an embodiment of the present application.
  • the chip system 80 includes at least one processor 810 and interface circuitry 830, and the interface circuitry 830 and at least one processor 810 are interconnected by a line.
  • the chip system 80 further includes: a memory 850; the memory 850 may include a read only memory and a random access memory, and provide an operation instruction to the processor 810 and data. A portion of memory 850 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • memory 850 stores the following elements, executable modules or data structures, or a subset thereof, or their extended set:
  • the corresponding operation is performed by calling an operation instruction stored in the memory 850, which can be stored in the operating system.
  • One possible implementation manner is that the structure of the chip system used by the access network device, the gateway device, or the terminal device is similar, but different devices use different chip systems to implement their respective functions.
  • the processor 810 controls the operation of the access network device, the gateway device, or the terminal device.
  • the processor 810 may also be referred to as a CPU (Central Processing Unit).
  • Memory 850 can include read only memory and random access memory and provides instructions and data to processor 810.
  • a portion of memory 850 may also include non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM).
  • NVRAM non-volatile random access memory
  • the various components of a particular application are coupled together by a bus system 820, which may include, in addition to the data bus, a power bus, a control bus, and a status signal bus. However, for clarity of description, various buses are labeled as bus system 820 in the figure.
  • Processor 810 may be an integrated circuit chip with signal processing capabilities. In the implementation process, each step of the foregoing method may be completed by an integrated logic circuit of hardware in the processor 810 or an instruction in a form of software.
  • the processor 810 described above may be a general purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), an off-the-shelf programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware. Component.
  • DSP digital signal processor
  • ASIC application specific integrated circuit
  • FPGA off-the-shelf programmable gate array
  • the methods, steps, and logical block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented or executed.
  • the general purpose processor may be a microprocessor or the processor or any conventional processor or the like.
  • the steps of the method disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented by the hardware decoding processor, or may be performed by a combination of hardware and software modules in the decoding processor.
  • the software module can be located in a conventional storage medium such as random access memory, flash memory, read only memory, programmable read only memory or electrically erasable programmable memory, registers, and the like.
  • the storage medium is located in the memory 850, and the processor 810 reads the information in the memory 850 and completes the steps of the above method in combination with its hardware.
  • the interface circuit 830 is configured to perform the steps of receiving and transmitting the access network device, the gateway device, or the terminal device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5, for example, the interface circuit 830 is configured to support the access network.
  • the device performs the step 203 in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5 (specifically, the session information sent by the receiving network element device), step 205 (specifically, the information of the packet header compression mechanism is sent to the terminal device), and the step 304 (specifically, receiving the first message sent by the SMF) and step 307 (specifically, sending the second message to the UE).
  • the processor 810 is configured to perform the steps of receiving and transmitting the access network device, the gateway device, or the terminal device in the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 to FIG. 5.
  • the processor 810 is configured to support the access network device to perform the following.
  • step 204 specifically, determining a packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type information
  • step 305 specifically, determining a packet header compression mechanism according to the packet type information
  • step 306 and the like.
  • the instructions stored by the memory for execution by the processor may be implemented in the form of a computer program product.
  • the computer program product may be written in the memory in advance, or may be downloaded in software and installed in the memory.
  • the computer program product includes one or more computer instructions.
  • the computer can be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device.
  • the computer instructions can be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transferred from one computer readable storage medium to another computer readable storage medium, for example, the computer instructions can be from a website site, computer, server or data center Transfer to another website site, computer, server, or data center by wire (eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • wire eg, coaxial cable, fiber optic, digital subscriber line (DSL), or wireless (eg, infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.).
  • the computer readable storage medium can be any available media that can be stored by a computer or a data storage device such as a server, data center, or the like that includes one or more available media.
  • the usable medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (such as a solid state disk (SSD)).

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Abstract

本申请提供了报文头压缩机制确定方法、设备及系统，为会话确定合适的报文头压缩机制。本申请实施例方法包括：接入网设备接收来自网元设备会话信息，会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息，会话标识用于标示终端设备的会话，报文类型信息用于标示会话的报文类型；接入网设备根据报文类型信息确定报文头压缩机制，报文头压缩机制用于处理会话的报文；接入网设备将报文头压缩机制的信息发送至终端设备。

Description

报文头压缩机制确定方法、设备及系统
本申请要求于2017年11月20日提交中国专利局、申请号为201711160566.0、申请名称为“报文头压缩机制确定方法、设备及系统”的中国专利申请的优先权，其全部内容通过引用结合在本申请中。
技术领域
本申请涉及通信技术领域，具体涉及报文头压缩机制确定方法、设备及系统。
背景技术
目前，在演进分组系统(Evolved Packet System，EPS)，即4G网络中，在终端设备和公用数据网网元(Packet Data Network Gateway，PGW)之间的用户面通道之间传输的报文的类型只有一种，即互联网协议(Internet Protocol，IP)报文。在流应用场景下，如果采用的是第四版IP(即IPv4)，报文的报文头信息的长度将达到40比特，如果采用的是第六版IP(IPv6)，报文的报文头信息的长度将达到60比特。终端设备接收到的同一个来源的报文，报文头信息通常是相同的。因此，假设终端设备需要从统一来源收100个报文，它只需要看第一个或者前几个IP报文的报文头信息就能确定报文的来源，所以每个报文都携带报文头信息虽然可靠，但是也显得多余，特别是在网络带宽比较紧张的场景，比如无线通信网络中。
当接入网设备收到报文，将报文发送到终端设备之前，采用预置的报文头压缩机制对报文中的报文头信息进行报文头压缩处理，通常可以将IP报文的报文头信息从40比特或60比特的长度压缩成只有1个或3个比特。
但是，在4G网络中，接入网设备采用的报文头压缩机制都是针对IP报文的。而在第五代移动通信网络技术(即5G网络)中，报文的类型增加了几种，至少包含了以太网(Ethernet)报文和IP报文。然而，针对Ethernet报文和IP报文的报文头压缩机制是不一样的，如果接入网设备和终端设备依旧按照IP报文的报文头压缩机制来处理Ethernet报文，会导致Ethernet报文的报文头信息的压缩长度出错，不但无法减轻网络带宽的紧张情况，还会导致会话的报文传输失败。
发明内容
本申请提供了报文头压缩机制确定方法、设备及系统，为会话确定合适的报文头压缩机制。
本申请第一方面提供一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，包括：接入网设备接收网元设备发送的会话信息，会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息，会话标识用于标示终端设备需要进行的会话，报文类型信息用于标示该会话的报文传输通道上传输报文的报文类型，报文类型可以是Ethernet报文或者IP报文等；接入网设备解析会话信息就能得到报文类型信 息，从而确定会话的报文类型；接入网设备根据会话的报文类型确定报文头压缩机制，报文头压缩机制用于对会话的报文进行报文头信息的头压缩处理，在接入网设备和终端设备中预先设置了对应不同报文类型的报文头压缩机制，例如，IP报文适用报文头压缩机制1，Ethernet报文适用报文头压缩机制2，而且由于不同报文类型的报文头信息的组成和结构是不一致的，那么每一种报文头压缩机制都只适用于处理一种报文类型的报文，因此，接入网设备根据会话的报文类型能够选择出适用的报文头压缩机制；接入网设备将报文头压缩机制的信息发送至终端设备，使得终端设备根据报文头压缩机制的信息确定报文头压缩机制，接入网设备和终端设备保证了报文头压缩机制的一致性，而且选择的报文头压缩机制适用于会话的报文类型。当终端设备的会话的报文传输通道建立完成之后，如果是终端设备发送上行报文，那么按照报文头压缩机制对上行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理，接入网设备接收上行报文，按照报文头压缩机制对上行报文进行头增强处理后，还原得到上行报文的报文头信息；如果接入网设备接收到下行报文，接入网设备按照报文头压缩机制对下行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理，将处理后的下行报文发送到终端设备，终端设备接收到下行报文后，按照报文头压缩机制对下行报文进行头增强处理，还原出下行报文的报文头信息。因此，在5G网络存在多种报文类型时，可以根据报文类型确定报文头压缩机制，避免不同报文类型的报文头信息的压缩长度出错的情况，提高了网络带宽的利用率。
结合第一方面，在第一种可能的实现方式中，网元设备包括会话管理网元，接入网设备接收网元设备发送的会话信息之前，还包括：接入网设备接收终端设备发送的会话建立请求；接入网设备向会话管理网元发送会话建立请求；表示会话的报文传输通道处于建立阶段，此时，终端设备需要通过接入网设备向会话管理网元发送会话建立请求，会话建立请求包括会话标识。接入网设备接收网元设备发送的会话信息，包括：接入网设备接收会话管理网元发送的第一消息，第一消息包括会话信息和会话建立响应，会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息；接入网设备解析第一消息得到会话信息。会话管理网元根据会话建立请求生成会话建立响应的同时，能够根据会话标识确定会话的报文类型信息，会话管理网元根据会话标识和报文类型信息以及会话建立响应生成第一消息，接入网设备接收会话管理网元发送的第一消息，接入网设备解析第一消息就能得到会话信息，由于会话管理网元是将会话信息和会话建立响应结合到第一消息中发送给接入网设备的，而会话建立响应是必须通过接入网设备反馈给终端设备的，因此，可以节省额外发送会话信息的网络资源开销。
结合第一方面第一种可能的实现方式，第二种可能的实现方式中，接入网设备将报文头压缩机制的信息发送至终端设备，包括：接入网设备发送第二消息至终端设备，第二消息包括报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应，使得终端设备解析第二消息能够得到报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应。接入网设备在接收到第一消息之后，从第一消息的会话信息中得到报文类型信息，然后确定报文头压缩机制，并且从第一消息还得到了会话建立响应，由于接入网设备必须要将会话建立响应发送到终端设备，才能实现会话的报文传输通道的建立，那么接入网设备根据报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应生成第二消息，将报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应结合在一个消息中发送，可以节省额外发送报文 头压缩机制的信息的网络资源开销。
结合第一方面，在第三种可能的实现方式中，网元设备包括用户面网元，接入网设备接收网元设备发送的会话信息，包括：接入网设备接收用户面网元发送的下行报文，下行报文包括会话信息，会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息；接入网设备解析下行报文得到会话信息。当终端设备已建立会话的报文传输通道，用户面网元接收到下行报文时，这样的情况下，接入网设备无法通过上述第二种可能的实现方式得到会话信息，那么可以在用户面网元接收到下行报文时，用户面网元将会话信息携带于下行报文中，接入网设备接收用户面网元发送的下行报文，接入网设备解析下行报文可以得到会话信息，由于会话信息是被用户面网元携带于下行报文中发送给接入网设备的，因此，无需额外的消耗网络资源用来传输会话信息，减少了开销。
结合第一方面第三种可能的实现方式，在第四种可能的实现方式中，接入网设备将报文头压缩机制的信息发送至终端设备，包括：接入网设备将报文头压缩机制的信息携带于下行报文中；接入网设备将处理后的下行报文发送至终端设备。在接入网设备接收用户面网元发送的下行报文，并得到下行报文包括的会话信息，根据会话信息中的报文类型信息确定了报文头压缩机制之后，接入网设备为了保证终端设备使用的报文头压缩机制与其一致，接入网设备还需要将报文头压缩机制的信息告知终端设备，因此，接入网设备可以将报文头压缩机制的信息携带于下行报文中发送至终端设备，可以进一步减少发送报文头压缩机制的信息的网络资源开销。
结合第一方面，在第五种可能的实现方式中，网元设备包括接入和移动管理网元，接入网设备接收网元设备发送的会话信息之前，还包括：接入网设备向接入和移动管理网元发送切换请求；接入网设备接收网元设备发送的会话信息，包括：接入网设备接收接入和移动管理网元发送的切换响应，切换响应包括会话信息，会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息；接入网设备解析切换响应得到会话信息。当终端设备已经建立了会话的报文传输通道，终端设备需要切换到接入网设备时，而为了保证用户体验，终端设备切换到接入网设备之后，报文传输依然要正常进行，那么接入网设备也需要获取到会话信息，并选择出报文头压缩机制，接入网设备向接入和移动管理网元发送切换请求，切换请求用于将终端设备的会话切换到接入网设备，接入和移动管理网元根据切换请求生成切换响应，并且根据切换请求中的会话标识得到会话信息，将会话信息携带于切换响应中，接入网设备解析接入和移动管理网元发送的切换响应就能得到会话信息，保证了终端设备的接入网设备切换顺利完成的同时，也能保证切换后的接入网设备的报文头压缩机制能够与终端设备的报文头压缩机制匹配。
结合第一方面至第一方面第五种中任一可能的实现方式，在第六种可能的实现方式中，还包括：接入网设备与终端设备已经协商好报文头压缩机制后，如果接入网设备接收到终端设备发送的上行报文，则上行报文的报文头信息是经过终端设备头压缩处理的，那么接入网设备按照报文头压缩机制对上行报文的报文头信息进行头增强处理；如果接入网设备接收到下行报文，则按照报文头压缩机制对下行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理。
本申请第二方面提供一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，包括：网元设备获取会话信息， 会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息，报文类型信息用于标示会话的报文传输通道上传输的报文的报文类型，报文类型可以是Ethernet报文或者IP报文等；网元设备将会话信息发送至接入网设备，由于在接入网设备和终端设备中预先设置了对应不同报文类型的报文头压缩机制，例如，IP报文适用报文头压缩机制1，Ethernet报文适用报文头压缩机制2，而且由于不同报文类型的报文的报文头信息的组成和结构是不一致的，那么每一种报文头压缩机制都只适用于处理一种报文类型的报文，因此，接入网设备根据会话信息中的报文类型信息能够选择出适用的报文头压缩机制，并且接入网设备将报文头压缩机制的信息发送至终端设备，使得终端设备根据报文头压缩机制的信息确定报文头压缩机制，至此，接入网设备和终端设备保证了报文头压缩机制的一致性，而且选择的报文头压缩机制适用于会话的报文类型。当终端设备的会话的报文传输通道建立完成之后，如果是终端设备发送上行报文，那么按照报文头压缩机制对上行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理，接入网设备接收上行报文，按照报文头压缩机制对上行报文进行头增强处理后，还原得到上行报文的报文头信息；如果接入网设备接收到下行报文，接入网设备按照报文头压缩机制对下行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理，将处理后的下行报文发送到终端设备，终端设备接收到下行报文后，按照报文头压缩机制对下行报文进行头增强处理，还原出下行报文的报文头信息。因此，在5G网络存在多种报文类型时，可以根据报文类型确定报文头压缩机制，避免不同报文类型的报文头信息的压缩长度出错的情况，提高了网络带宽的利用率。
结合第二方面，第一种可能的实现方式中，网元设备为会话管理网元，网元设备获取会话信息，包括：当终端设备有会话需求时，需要向网络的会话管理网元发起会话建立请求，会话管理网元接收终端设备发送的会话建立请求，会话建立请求中携带会话标识，会话管理网元根据会话建立请求中的会话标识确定会话；每一个会话都是对应终端设备的数据需求的，那么会话的报文传输通道上传输报文的报文类型是可以确定的，会话管理网元能够根据会话获取会话的报文类型信息；会话标识和报文类型信息组成会话信息，会话管理网元根据会话标识及报文类型信息得到会话的会话信息。
结合第二方面第一种可能的实现方式，第二种可能的实现方式中，网元设备将会话信息发送至接入网设备，包括：会话管理网元根据会话建立请求生成会话建立响应；会话管理网元根据会话信息和会话建立响应生成第一消息，并将第一消息发送至接入网设备，由于会话管理网元必须要通过接入网设备将会话建立响应发送到终端设备，才能实现会话的报文传输通道的建立，那么会话管理网元将会话信息和会话建立响应结合在一个消息中发送，可以节省额外发送会话信息的网络资源开销。
结合第二方面，第三种可能的实现方式中，网元设备为用户面网元，网元设备获取会话信息，包括：用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的会话建立请求，会话建立请求携带会话信息；用户面网元根据会话建立请求得到会话信息。由于终端设备有会话需求时，需要向会话管理网元提出会话建立请求，而会话管理网元能够确定会话建立请求所对应的会话的会话信息，用户面网元可以通过会话管理网元的会话建立请求得到会话信息。
结合第二方面第三种可能的实现方式，第四种可能的实现方式中，网元设备将会话信息发送至接入网设备，包括：当终端设备已建立会话的报文传输通道时，用户面网元将会 话信息携带于下行报文中，并发送至接入网设备，由于会话信息是被用户面网元携带于下行报文中发送给接入网设备的，因此，无需额外的消耗网络资源用来传输会话信息，减少了开销。
结合第二方面第一中可能的实现方式，第五种可能的实现方式中，网元设备为接入和移动管理网元，网元设备获取会话信息，包括：在终端设备需要建立会话时，发起会话建立请求，由于接入和移动管理网元具有处理终端设备接入和管理等方面的能力，那么接入和移动管理网元能够将终端设备发送的会话建立请求转发至会话管理网元；会话管理网元需要为会话建立请求反馈会话建立响应，将得到的会话信息携带于会话建立响应中反馈到接入和移动管理网元，接入和移动管理网元接收会话管理网元的会话建立响应，会话建立响应中携带会话信息，接入和移动管理网元根据会话建立响应得到会话信息。会话管理网元通过将会话信息携带于会话建立响应发送给接入和移动管理网元，可以减少单独传输会话信息的开销。
结合第二方面第五种可能的实现方式，第六种可能的实现方式中，网元设备将会话信息发送至接入网设备，包括：当终端设备建立会话的报文传输通道，且终端设备切换接入网设备时，接入和移动管理网元接收到接入网设备的切换请求，切换请求包括会话标识；接入和移动管理网元根据切换请求生成切换响应；接入和移动管理网元将会话信息携带于切换响应中，并发送至接入网设备，而为了保证用户体验，终端设备切换到接入网设备之后，报文传输依然要正常进行，那么接入网设备也需要获取到会话信息，接入和移动管理网元通过切换响应的方式将会话信息发送至接入网设备，接入网设备解析接入和移动管理网元发送的切换响应就能得到会话信息，保证了终端设备的接入网设备切换顺利完成的同时，也能保证切换后的接入网设备的报文头压缩机制能够与终端设备的报文头压缩机制匹配。
本申请第三方面提供一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，包括：终端设备向网元设备发送消息，请求建立会话，消息中包括会话标识；终端设备接收接入网设备发送的报文头压缩机制的信息，报文头压缩机制用于处理会话的报文传输通道上传输的报文；终端设备根据报文头压缩机制的信息确定报文头压缩机制，在接入网设备和终端设备中预先设置了对应不同报文类型的报文头压缩机制，例如，IP报文适用报文头压缩机制1，Ethernet报文适用报文头压缩机制2，而且由于不同报文类型的报文的报文头信息的组成和结构是不一致的，那么每一种报文头压缩机制都只适用于处理一种报文类型的报文，因此，接入网设备根据会话的报文类型能够选择出适用的报文头压缩机制，终端设备根据报文头压缩机制的信息确定报文头压缩机制，接入网设备和终端设备保证了报文头压缩机制的一致性，而且选择的报文头压缩机制适用于会话的报文类型。当终端设备的会话的报文传输通道建立完成之后，如果是终端设备发送上行报文，那么按照报文头压缩机制对上行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理，接入网设备接收上行报文，按照报文头压缩机制对上行报文进行头增强处理后，还原得到上行报文的报文头信息；如果接入网设备接收到下行报文，接入网设备按照报文头压缩机制对下行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理，将处理后的下行报文发送到终端设备，终端设备接收到下行报文后，按照报文头压缩机制对下行报文进行头增强处理， 还原出下行报文的报文头信息。因此，在5G网络存在多种报文类型时，可以根据报文类型确定报文头压缩机制，避免不同报文类型的报文头信息的压缩长度出错的情况，提高了网络带宽的利用率。
结合第三方面，第一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备接收接入网设备发送的报文头压缩机制的信息，包括：终端设备接收接入网设备发送的第二消息，第二消息包括会话建立响应和报文头压缩机制的信息，第二消息为接入网设备根据网元设备发送的第一消息得到的，第一消息包括会话信息和会话建立响应；终端设备解析第二消息得到报文头压缩机制的信息。由于接入网设备将报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应结合在一个消息中发送的，可以节省额外发送报文头压缩机制的信息的网络资源开销。
结合第三方面，第二种可能的实现方式中，终端设备接收接入网设备发送的报文头压缩机制的信息，包括：终端设备接收接入网设备发送的下行报文，下行报文包括报文头压缩机制的信息；终端设备解析下行报文，得到报文头压缩机制的信息，由于报文头压缩机制的信息是接入网设备携带于下行报文中发送的，因此，无需额外的消耗网络资源用来传输报文头压缩机制的信息，减少了开销。
结合第三方面至第三方面第二种中任一可能的实现方式，第三种可能的实现方式中，终端设备根据报文头压缩机制处理上行报文或者下行报文，接入网设备与终端设备已经协商好报文头压缩机制后，如果终端设备接收到接入网设备发送的下行报文，则下行报文的报文头信息是经过接入网设备头压缩处理的，那么终端设备按照报文头压缩机制对下行报文的报文头信息进行头增强处理；如果终端设备需要发送上行报文，则按照报文头压缩机制对上行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理。
本申请第四方面提供一种接入网设备，包括：收发器和至少一个处理器，收发器和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，收发器用于进行第一方面或第一方面任一可选的实现方式中，在接入网设备侧进行的信息收发的操作；至少一个处理器执行第一方面或第一方面任一可选的实现方式中的在所接入网设备侧进行的信息处理或控制操作。
结合第四方面，另一种可能的实现方式中，接入网设备还包括：存储器，存储器中存储有至少一个处理器的执行指令；存储器与收发器和至少一个处理器通过线路互联。
本申请第五方面提供一种网元设备，包括：收发器和至少一个处理器，收发器和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，收发器用于执行第二方面或第二方面任一可选的实现方式中，在网元设备侧进行信息收发的操作；至少一个处理器执行第二方面或第二方面任一可选的实现方式中的在网元设备侧进行的信息处理或控制操作。
结合第五方面，另一种可能的实现方式中，网元设备还包括：存储器，存储器中存储有至少一个处理器的执行指令；存储器与收发器和至少一个处理器通过线路互联。
本申请第六方面提供一种终端设备，包括：收发器和至少一个处理器，收发器和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，收发器用于执行第三方面或第三方面任一可选的实现方式中，在终端设备侧进行信息收发的操作；至少一个处理器执行第三方面或第三方面任一可选的实现方式中的在终端设备侧进行的信息处理或控制操作。
结合第六方面，另一种可能的实现方式中，终端设备还包括：存储器，存储器中存储 有至少一个处理器的执行指令；存储器与收发器和至少一个处理器通过线路互联。
本申请第七方面提供一种芯片系统，包括：应用于接入网设备中，芯片系统包括至少一个处理器，和接口电路，收发器和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，处理器执行第一方面或第一方面任一可选的实现方式中接入网设备的操作。
本申请第八方面提供一种芯片系统，包括：应用于网元设备中，芯片系统包括至少一个处理器，和接口电路，收发器和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，处理器执行第二方面或第二方面任一可选的实现方式中网元设备的操作。
本申请第九方面提供一种芯片系统，包括：应用于终端设备中，芯片系统包括至少一个处理器，和接口电路，收发器和至少一个处理器通过线路互联，处理器执行第三方面或第三方面任一可选的实现方式中终端设备的操作。
本申请第十方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，应用于接入网设备中，计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第一方面或第一方面任一可选的实现方式中接入网设备的操作。
本申请第十一方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，应用于网元设备中，计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第二方面或第二方面任一可选的实现方式中网元设备的操作。
本申请第十二方面提供一种计算机可读存储介质，应用于终端设备中，计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述第三方面或第三方面任一可选的实现方式中终端设备的操作。
本申请第十三方面提供一种网络接入系统，包括：接入网设备和网元设备；
其中，接入网设备为上述第四方面的接入网设备；
网元设备为上述第五方面的网元设备。
结合第十三方面，另一种可能的实现方式中，网络接入系统还包括：终端设备；
终端设备为上述第六方面的终端设备。
本申请实施例所提供的方案，接入网设备可以通过网元设备获得会话信息确定会话的报文类型，完成适用报文类型的报文头压缩机制的选择，并且将报文头压缩机制的信息告知终端设备，为会话确定合适的报文头压缩机制，避免了不同报文类型的报文头信息的压缩长度出错的情况，提高了网络带宽的利用率。本申请实施例还提供了相应的设备及系统。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本申请实施例技术方案，下面将对实施例和现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本申请的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其它的附图。
图1为5G网络的系统架构图；
图2为本申请实施例提供的报文头压缩机制确定方法的一个实施例示意图；
图3为本申请实施例提供的报文头压缩机制确定方法的另一个实施例示意图；
图4为本申请实施例提供的报文头压缩机制确定方法的另一个实施例示意图；
图5为本申请实施例提供的报文头压缩机制确定方法的另一个实施例示意图；
图6为本申请实施例提供的用于报文头压缩机制确定方法的装置的功能性结构示意图；
图7为本申请实施例提供的接入网设备的一个实施例示意图；
图8为本申请实施例提供的芯片系统的一个实施例示意图。
具体实施方式
本申请提供了报文头压缩机制确定方法、设备及系统，为会话确定合适的报文头压缩机制。
本申请中出现的术语“上行”和“下行”，在某些场景用于描述数据/信息传输的方向，比如，“上行”方向为该数据/信息从终端设备向网络侧传输的方向，“下行”方向为该数据/信息从网络侧设备向终端设备传输的方向，“上行”和“下行”仅用于描述方向，该数据/信息传输起止的具体设备都不作限定。
本申请中出现的术语“和/或”，可以是一种描述关联对象的关联关系，表示可以存在三种关系，例如，A和/或B，可以表示：单独存在A，同时存在A和B，单独存在B这三种情况。另外，本申请中字符“/”，一般表示前后关联对象是一种“或”的关系。
本申请中可能出现的对各种消息/信息/设备/网元/系统/装置/动作/操作/流程/概念等各类客体进行了赋名，但这些具体的名称并不构成对相关客体的限定，所赋名称可随着场景，语境或者使用习惯等因素而变更，对相关客体的技术含义的理解，应主要从其在技术方案中所体现/执行的功能和技术效果来确定。
本申请的说明书和权利要求书及上述附图中的术语“第一”、“第二”等是用于区别类似的对象，而不必用于描述特定的顺序或先后次序。应该理解这样使用的数据在适当情况下可以互换，以便这里描述的实施例能够以除了在这里图示或描述的内容以外的顺序实施。此外，术语“包括”和“具有”以及他们的任何变形，意图在于覆盖不排他的包含，例如，包含了一系列步骤或模块的过程、方法、系统、产品或设备不必限于清楚地列出的那些步骤或模块，而是可包括没有清楚地列出的或对于这些过程、方法、产品或设备固有的其它步骤或模块。在本申请中出现的对步骤进行的命名或者编号，并不意味着必须按照命名或者编号所指示的时间/逻辑先后顺序执行方法流程中的步骤，已经命名或者编号的流程步骤可以根据要实现的技术目的变更执行次序，只要能达到相同或者相类似的技术效果即可。本申请中所出现的模块的划分，是一种逻辑上的划分，实际应用中实现时可以有另外的划分方式，例如多个模块可以结合成或集成在另一个系统中，或一些特征可以忽略，或不执行，另外，所显示的或讨论的相互之间的耦合或直接耦合或通信连接可以是通过一些接口，模块之间的间接耦合或通信连接可以是电性或其他类似的形式，本申请中均不作限定。并且，作为分离部件说明的模块或子模块可以是也可以不是物理上的分离，可以是也可以不是物理模块，或者可以分布到多个电路模块中，可以根据实际的需要选择其中的部分或全部模块来实现本申请方案的目的。
首先简单介绍本申请应用的系统构架或场景。
本申请应用于具有多种报文类型的无线通信网络系统中，以5G网络为例，如图1所示为5G网络的系统架构图，以模块化和软件化的构建方式来构架的，图1中包括策略控制功能(Policy Control Function，PCF)、统一数据管理功能(Unified Data Management，UDM)、应用功能(Application Function，AF)、认证服务器功能(Authentication Server Function，AUSF)、接入和移动管理功能(Access and Mobility Management Function，AMF)、会话管理功能(Session Management Function，SMF)、用户面功能(User Plane Function，UPF)、终端设备(User Equipment，UE)、接入网设备(RAN)及数据网络(Date Network，DN)。图1的5G系统架构图是基于网络功能虚拟化(Network Functions Virtualisation，NFV)技术的，NFV技术的核心理念在于把逻辑上的网络功能(Function)从实体硬件设备之中解耦出去，以期能够大幅度地降低基础电信网络运营商的网络建设成本与运营成本，具体的实现方式为：(1)网络硬件设备方面，将此前的实体网元标准化为“大容量服务器”、“大容量存储器”以及“数据交换机”这三大类的IT设备；(2)网络功能实现方面，利用可编程的软件平台来实现虚拟化的网络功能。因此，图1中的各网络功能也可以称作为网元设备，其中，AMF和SMF为5G网络的控制面的网元设备，AMF负责UE的接入和移动管理，SMF负责会话管理，可以配置多个。除去AMF和SMF之外，其他控制面的网元设备(如AUSF、PCF、UDM及AF)也需要一起配合以执行用户数据管理、鉴权及策略控制等。在5G网络的用户面，UPF负责掌控全局，UPF也代替了4G网络中执行路由和转发功能的服务网关(Service Gateway，SGW)和PGW。在5G网络中，UE进行会话主要涉及的到的网元是UE、RAN、UPF、AMF及SMF。将UPF、AMF和SMF统称为网元设备，RAN为接入网设备，UE为终端设备。本申请实施例中的终端设备包括个人计算机(Personal Computer，PC)、IP电话及传真机等固定终端设备，以及手机和平板电脑等移动终端设备。
在4G网络中，终端设备和PGW之间的用户面通道之间传输的报文类型只有IP报文。在流应用场景下，如果采用的是IPv4，报文的报文头信息的长度将达到40比特，如果采用的是IPv6，报文的报文头信息的长度将达到60比特。终端设备接收到的同一个来源的报文，报文头信息通常是相同的。因此，假设终端设备需要从统一来源收100个报文，它只需要看第一个或者前几个IP报文的报文头信息就能确定报文的来源，所以每个报文都携带报文头信息虽然可靠，但是也显得多余，特别是在网络带宽比较紧张的场景，比如无线通信网络中。当接入网设备收到报文，将报文发送到终端设备之前，采用预置的报文头压缩机制对报文中的报文头信息进行压缩处理，例如鲁棒性头压缩(Robust Header Compression，ROHC)方案通常可以将IP报文的报文头信息从40比特或60比特的长度压缩成只有1个或3个比特。
但是，在5G网络中，报文类型增加了几种，至少包含了Ethernet报文和IP报文。以Ethernet报文为例，Ethernet报文的报文头压缩机制的基本原理是：发送端将Ethernet报文的报文头信息以及其他标签使用较短的标签进行替换，接收端将较短的标签还原成报文头信息以及其他标签。从5G空口角度来说，报文头信息的长度经过头压缩处理后减少了，从而可以传递更多的报文，带宽利用率得到提升。
与IP报文的报文头压缩机制不同，Ethernet报文的报文头压缩的前提是被压缩区域具备压缩可能。比如，Ethernet报文的报文头信息中具有Ethernet目的地址(Destination Address，DA)和源地址(Source Address，SA)，两者分别为6个字节，总计12个字节，接入网设备接收到Ethernet报文的报文头信息中的DA和SA数目是有限的，不可能覆盖所有的物理(MAC)地址，假设3秒时间内不同的Ethernet报文的DA和SA数目有100种，理论上，我们可以把这100种不同的Ethernet报文的DA和SA使用100个不同的压缩标记来替换。理论上，采用7比特就能替换128种不同的DA和SA，8个比特等于1个字节，从而报文头信息可以实现压缩。如果随着报文量的增加，用于替换DA和SA所需的压缩标记的长度就越大，压缩效果就越差，而且支持的压缩表数目就越多。
由此可见，针对Ethernet报文和IP报文的报文头压缩机制是不一样。如果接入网设备和终端设备依旧按照4G网络下的IP报文的报文头压缩机制来处理Ethernet报文，会导致Ethernet报文的报文头信息的压缩长度出错，不但无法减轻网络带宽的紧张情况，还会导致会话的报文传输失败。
为了解决以上问题，下面通过实施例对本申请提供的报文头压缩机制确定方法进行说明，使得在不同报文类型的网络下，接入网设备能够根据网元设备提供的会话信息确定会话的报文类型，选择适应的报文头压缩机制，来正确的处理会话的报文传输通道上传输的报文。
请参阅图2，本申请实施例提供一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，包括：
201、终端设备向网元设备发送消息，请求建立会话，网元设备接收终端设备发送的消息，消息中包括会话标识。
该终端设备可以是PC、IP电话及传真机等固定终端设备，或者手机和平板电脑等移动终端设备，当终端设备需要与某个服务器或者数据中心进行会话时，需要先建立会话的报文传输通道，才能在报文传输通道上传输报文，因此，需要向网元设备发送消息，请求建立会话，具体可以是会话建立请求，消息中具有会话标识，其中，会话标识用于标示会话，会话是终端与网络之间建立的业务连接，会话标识包括Session ID和会话的用户面标识，会话的用户面标识由网络中的会话管理网元(SMF)或者用户面网元(UPF)生成，会话的用户面标识可以是隧道端点标识(Tunnel Endpoint ID，TEID)。在终端设备发起消息时，对于接入网设备和网元设备来说已知了终端设备，因此，终端标识对于接入网设备和网元设备来说是已知的。
202、网元设备获取会话信息，会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息。
网元设备在接收到终端设备的消息后，根据消息中的会话标识能够确定会话，从而确定会话的报文类型，得到报文类型信息，报文类型可以是Ethernet报文或者IP报文等，具体的报文类型不做限定，会话标识及报文类型信息组成会话信息。
203、网元设备将会话信息发送至接入网设备，接入网设备接收网元设备发送的会话信息。
网元设备得到会话信息之后，为了让接入网设备选择合适的报文头压缩机制来处理报文传输通道上传输的报文，需要将会话信息发送至接入网设备，目的是告知接入网设备会 话的报文类型，从而选择出适合该报文类型的报文头压缩机制，从而正确的处理该会话的报文传输通道上传输的报文，接入网设备接收到网元设备发送的会话信息。
204、接入网设备根据报文类型信息，确定报文头压缩机制。
接入网设备对接收到的会话信息进行解析后，得到会话标识及报文类型信息，接入网设备根据报文类型信息确定该会话的报文类型，在接入网设备和终端设备中预先设置了对应不同报文类型的报文头压缩机制，例如，IP报文适用报文头压缩机制1，Ethernet报文适用报文头压缩机制2，而且由于不同报文类型的报文，其报文头信息的组成和结构是不一致的，那么每一种报文头压缩机制都只适用于处理一种报文类型的报文，因此，接入网设备根据会话的报文类型能够选择出适用的报文头压缩机制。
205、接入网设备将报文头压缩机制的信息发送至终端设备，终端设备接收接入网设备发送的报文头压缩机制的信息。
接入网设备确定了报文头压缩机制后，只能保证接入网设备侧接收到的下行报文能够按照报文头压缩机制进行报文头信息的头压缩处理，终端设备侧的报文头压缩机制还不确定，因此，终端设备是无法保证能够按照报文类型对应的报文头压缩机制来处理需要发送的上行报文以及接收到的下行报文。因此，接入网设备需要将报文头压缩机制的信息发送至终端设备，终端设备接收到接入网设备发送的报文头压缩机制的信息。
206、终端设备根据报文头压缩机制的信息确定报文头压缩机制。
由于终端设备上预先设置有与接入网设备相同的报文头压缩机制，那么终端设备接收到报文头压缩机制的信息之后，根据报文头压缩机制的信息可以确定报文头压缩机制。
至此，接入网设备和终端设备保证了报文头压缩机制的一致性，而且选择的报文头压缩机制适用于会话的报文类型，例如IP报文对应的是报文头压缩机制1(ROHC机制)，Ethernet报文对应的是报文头压缩机制2，当报文传输通道建立完成之后，如果是终端设备发送上行报文，并且报文类型是Ethernet报文，那么按照报文头压缩机制2对上行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理，具体可以是：
报文头信息中具有DA 1和SA 2，报文头压缩机制2预期设计的压缩表中记录有替换标记1(00100001)替换DA 1，替换标记2(00111111)替换SA 2，替换标记的大小为8位比特；那么终端设备将报文头信息中的DA 1和SA 2分别替换为替换标记1和替换标记2，DA和SA的总计长度是12字节，替换标记1和替换标记2的总计长度是16个比特＝2字节，因此，报文头信息经过头压缩处理后字节长度减少了10字节；
由于接入网设备也已知了报文类型是Ethernet报文，并且选择了报文头压缩机制2，那么接入网设备是已知了压缩表的，在接收到终端设备的发送的上行报文后，从报文头信息中能够解析得到替换标记1和替换标记2，按照压缩表中替换标记和SA和DA的对应关系，就能还原得到SA 2和DA 1，从而得到了完整的报文头信息。
基于以上描述，接入网设备接收到下行报文时，将作为发送方按照报文头压缩机制对下行报文的报文头信息进行头压缩处理，终端设备作为接收方，将按照与接入网设备相同的报文头压缩机制对下行报文进行头增强处理，头增强处理即是按照上述所说的压缩表还原得到报文头信息。因此，在5G网络存在多种报文类型时，可以根据报文类型确定报文头 压缩机制，避免不同报文类型的报文头信息的压缩长度出错的情况，提高了网络带宽的利用率。
在以上图2所示的实施例中，网元设备和接入网设备之间的会话信息传输，及接入网设备和终端设备之间的报文头压缩机制的信息传输，都会增加额外的网络开销，为了降低网络开销，可以采用以下两种方式：(一)、分别将会话信息和报文头压缩机制的信息与会话建立响应携带于一个消息中；(二)、将会话信息和报文头压缩机制的信息携带于网元设备发送的下行报文中。
在方式(一)中，网元设备具体为SMF，由于SMF所具有的功能是对会话进行管理，因此，SMF接收终端设备的会话建立请求，可以根据会话建立请求中的会话标识确定会话信息，并且将会话信息和会话建立响应作为第一消息发送给接入网设备，而接入网设备确定了报文头压缩机制之后，将报文头压缩机制的信息与会话建立响应一起作为第二消息发送至终端设备，终端设备具体为UE，接入网设备具体为RAN；
在方式(二)中，网元设备具体为UPF，UPF接收来自SMF的会话建立请求中携带会话信息，UPF在转发下行报文时，将会话信息携带于下行报文中发送给接入网设备，接入网设备确定了报文头压缩机制之后，将报文头压缩机制的信息携带于下行报文中发送至终端设备，终端设备具体为UE，接入网设备具体为RAN。
下面通过实施例对(一)和(二)两种方式进行详细说明。
(一)、请参阅图3，本申请实施例提供一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，包括：
301、UE向SMF发送会话建立请求，SMF接收UE发送的会话建立请求，会话建立请求包括会话标识(Session ID)。
UE可以是PC、IP电话及传真机等固定终端设备，或者手机和平板电脑等移动终端设备，当UE需要与某个服务器或者数据中心进行会话时，向SMF发送会话建立请求，会话建立请求中具有Session ID，Session ID用于表示UE想要进行的会话，SMF接收到UE发送的会话建立请求。
302、SMF根据会话建立请求得到会话信息，会话信息包括Session ID及报文类型信息。
SMF在接收到会话建立请求后，根据会话建立请求中的Session ID能够确定会话，从而确定会话的报文类型，报文类型可以是Ethernet报文或者IP报文等，具体的报文类型不做限定，确定的报文类型记为报文类型信息，Session ID及报文类型信息构成会话信息。
303、SMF根据会话建立请求生成会话建立响应。
由于SMF具备会话管理功能，那么SMF可以处理UE发送的会话建立请求，生成会话建立响应。
304、SMF根据会话信息和会话建立响应生成第一消息，并将第一消息发送至RAN，RAN接收SMF发送的第一消息。
SMF需要将会话建立响应反馈给UE，才能实现会话的报文传输通道的建立，而且是通过RAN下发给UE的，那么SMF可以将会话信息和会话建立响应携带于第一消息中，发送至RAN，RAN接收SMF发送的第一消息。
305、RAN解析第一消息得到会话信息。
RAN对接收到的第一消息进行解析，得到会话信息和会话建立响应。
306、RAN根据会话信息确定会话的报文类型，根据会话的报文类型确定报文头压缩机制。
RAN对会话信息进行解析后，得到Session ID及报文类型信息，那么RAN可以按照Session ID和报文类型信息，得到会话的报文类型，在RAN和UE中预先设置了对应不同报文类型的报文头压缩机制，例如，IP报文适用报文头压缩机制1，Ethernet报文适用报文头压缩机制2，而且由于不同报文类型的报文的报文头信息的组成和结构是不一致的，那么每一种报文头压缩机制都只适用于处理一种报文类型的报文，因此，RAN根据会话的报文类型能够选择出适用的报文头压缩机制。
307、RAN发送第二消息至UE，第二消息包括报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应。
在RAN通过SMF发送的第一消息获取到会话信息，并确定报文头压缩机制之后，RAN还需要将会话建立响应发送到UE，才能实现会话的报文传输通道的建立，那么可以将报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应都携带于第二消息中。
308、UE解析第二消息得到报文头压缩机制的信息，根据报文头压缩机制的信息确定报文头压缩机制。
UE接收到RAN下发的第二消息后，解析第二消息可以得到报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应，由于UE上预先设置有与RAN相同的报文头压缩机制，那么终端设备接收到报文头压缩机制的信息之后，根据报文头压缩机制的信息可以确定报文头压缩机制，并且得到会话建立响应后，实现了会话的报文传输通道的建立。
图3所示的实施例与图2所示的实施例相比，由于SMF是将会话信息和会话建立响应结合到第一消息中发送给RAN的，而且RAN是将报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应结合在第二消息中发送给UE的，利用会话建立响应必须反馈给UE的特点，减少了额外传输会话信息和报文头压缩机制的信息的开销，可以节省网络资源。
需要说明的是，在以上实施例中，报文头压缩机制的信息和会话建立响应一起携带于第二消息中，除了会话建立响应的信息长度之外，第二消息的信息长度还是由于报文头压缩机制的信息有所增加，除此之外，还可以通过其他方式来传递报文头压缩机制的信息，例如，UE和RAN之间具有多个专属的报文传输通道，预设专属的报文传输通道1只能传输Ethernet报文，专属的报文传输通道2只能传输IP报文，而且Ethernet报文对应报文头压缩机制1，Ethernet报文对应报文头压缩机制2，那么专属的报文传输通道1与报文头压缩机制1是关联的，专属的报文传输通道2与报文头压缩机制2是关联的，那么接入网设备和终端设备只需要知道报文是从哪个专属的报文传输通道得到的，就能确定报文头压缩机制了。这样报文头压缩机制的信息就无需消耗任何网络资源了，但是由于终端设备的数量众多，专属的报文传输通道的实现比较困难，并且目前UE和RAN之间的数据通道是基于不同的质量服务(Quality of Service，QoS)的带宽管理能力区分的，设置专属的报文传输通道的做法会打破这种设计原则，对于目前的5G网络环境下是不能广泛使用的，但是不排除该方式能够广泛适用于其他的网络环境下。
(二)、请参阅图4，本申请实施例提供一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，包括：
401、UE向SMF发送会话建立请求，SMF接收UE发送的会话建立请求，会话建立请求包括Session ID。
详情请参考图3所示实施例的步骤301。
402、SMF根据会话建立请求得到会话信息，会话信息包括Session ID及报文类型信息。
详情请参考图3所示实施例的步骤302。
403、SMF将会话信息携带于会话建立请求，并发送至UPF。
UPF在5G网络构架中，用户面功能由UPF掌控，UPF代替了原来4G网络中执行路由和转发功能的SGW和PGW，因此，UPF能够处理UE发送的会话建立请求，并且在用户面为发送会话建立请求的终端设备反馈会话建立响应，那么SMF将会话信息携带于会话建立请求，并将会话建立请求发送至UPF。
404、UPF根据会话建立请求得到会话信息。
UPF接收到SMF发送的会话建立请求后，解析会话建立请求得到Session ID及报文类型信息。
405、UPF根据会话建立请求生成会话建立响应，并通过SMF将会话建立响应转发至UE。
UPF根据会话建立请求生成会话建立响应，并通过SMF将会话建立响应转发至UE，使得UE接收到会话建立响应后，完成会话的报文传输通道的建立。
406、UPF接收到会话的下行报文。
当UE完成会话的报文传输通道的建立后，UPF接收到发送至UE的下行报文。
407、UPF将会话信息携带于下行报文中，并发送至RAN。
在每一个报文中，为了能够明确出报文的来源处和目标处，需要在报文头信息中包含会话标识，因此UPF给UE反馈了会话建立响应后，能够确定会话的TEID，TEID用于标示报文的来源处和目标处进行隧道转发报文时的隧道两端，将会话信息携带于下行报文中，由于在RAN对下行报文进行头压缩处理时，可以将报文头信息中的冗余信息删除，会话信息只对RAN有用，因此将会话信息携带于下行报文的报文头信息中比较合理，将包括会话信息的下行报文发送至RAN。
408、RAN解析下行报文得到会话信息。
RAN获取到UPF发送的下行报文后，对下行报文的报文头信息进行解析获得会话信息。
409、RAN根据会话信息确定会话的报文类型，根据会话的报文类型确定报文头压缩机制。
410、RAN将报文头压缩机制的信息携带于下行报文中，并发送至UE。
RAN确定了报文头压缩机制后，由于并未与UE协商好报文头压缩机制，那么此时，RAN不能采用报文头压缩机制对下行报文进行头压缩处理，将报文头压缩机制的信息携带于下行报文中，并将该下行报文发送至UE。
411、UE解析下行报文，得到报文头压缩机制的信息，根据报文头压缩机制的信息确定报文头压缩机制。
UE获得下行报文后，从下行报文的报文信息中解析得到报文头压缩机制的信息，根据报文头压缩机制的信息确定报文头压缩机制，再采用报文头压缩机制对来自RAN的后续其他的下行报文的报文头信息进行解压缩处理，从而还原得到RAN进行头压缩处理之前的报文头信息。
图4所示的实施例与图2所示的实施例相比，由于会话信息是UPF携带于下行报文中发送给RAN的，而且RAN根据会话信息得到报文头压缩机制之后，又将报文头压缩机制的信息携带于下行报文中发给UE，减少了额外传输会话信息和报文头压缩机制的信息的开销。
以上实施例中，图3实施例描述的场景是在会话的报文传输通道建立过程中，图4实施例描述的场景是在会话的报文传输通道建立完成后，UE与RAN之间是没有进行切换的，但是，在现实环境中，如果UE是移动终端设备，那么当UE从一个RAN的信号覆盖范围移动到另一个RAN的信号覆盖范围时，UE是需要切换RAN的，而为了保证用户体验，UE切换RAN之后，报文传输依然要正常进行，那么UE切换之后的RAN也需要获取到会话信息，并选择出报文头压缩机制。下面通过实施例对此种情况进行详细说明。
基于图2所示的实施例的，请参阅图5，本申请实施例提供一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，在此实施例中,网元设备具体为AMF，包括：
501、UE向SMF发送会话建立请求，SMF接收UE发送的会话建立请求，会话建立请求包括Session ID。
详情请参阅图3所示实施例的步骤301。
502、SMF根据会话建立请求得到会话的会话信息，会话信息包括Session ID及报文类型信息。
详情请参阅图3所示实施例的步骤302。
503、SMF将会话信息携带于会话建立请求，发送至AMF。
AMF具有接入和移动管理功能，在UE切换RAN时，需要由AMF来控制，那么在UE切换RAN的场景下，可以将会话信息告知AMF。
504、AMF根据会话建立请求得到会话信息。
AMF接收到会话建立请求后，解析会话建立请求得到会话信息。
505、当UE建立会话的报文传输通道，UE切换到目标RAN时，目标RAN向AMF发送切换请求，切换请求包括Session ID。
当UE建立会话的报文传输通道之后，UE从一个RAN的信号覆盖范围移动到另一个RAN的信号覆盖范围时，UE切换到当前所处的目标RAN，目标RAN需要向AMF发送切换请求，而切换请求中包括Session ID。
506、AMF根据切换请求生成切换响应；
AMF接收到切换请求之后，生成切换响应，切换响应是为了让目标RAN能够与UE建立通信连接。
507、AMF将会话信息携带于切换响应中，并发送至目标RAN。
AMF将步骤504中获取到的会话信息携带于切换响应中，并发送至RAN，使得目标RAN能够根据切换响应完成UE的RAN切换。
508、目标RAN解析切换响应得到会话信息，根据会话信息确定会话的报文类型，根据会话的报文类型确定报文头压缩机制。
目标RAN接收到切换响应之后，解析切换响应得到会话信息，根据会话信息就能够确定UE的会话的报文传输通道传输的报文的报文类型，根据会话的报文类型确定报文头压缩机制，从而实现了目标RAN与UE的报文头压缩机制的一致性。
从图5所示的实施例中，可以看出，在会话的报文传输通道建立的过程中，AMF获取到了会话信息，当UE需要进行RAN切换时，为了保证切换的顺利，并且同时满足目标RAN的报文头压缩机制与UE一致，AMF可以通过在反馈给目标RAN的切换响应中携带会话信息，从而使目标RAN根据会话信息选择出报文头压缩机制，保证了UE进行RAN切换的顺利进行的同时，也能保证切换后的目标RAN的报文头压缩机制能够与UE的报文头压缩机制匹配。
以上是对本申请实施例中报文头压缩机制确定方法的描述，下面结合附图介绍报文处理的装置，该装置可以被看作是本申请实施例中各类用于报文处理的装置的抽象概括。
该报文处理的装置可以是接入网设备、网关设备或终端设备。
如图6所示，广义的理解，该报文头压缩机制确定方法的装置可以包括如下按功能划分的模块：接收模块601、处理模块602和发送模块603。该接收模块601可以执行上述图2-图5所示实施例中当该报文头压缩机制确定方法的装置为相应的接入网设备、网关设备或者终端设备时的接收功能。发送模块603可以执行上述图2-图5所示实施例中当该报文处理的装置为相应的接入网设备、网关设备或者终端设备时的发送功能。处理模块602可以执行上述图2至图5所示实施例中当该报文处理的装置为相应的接入网设备、网关设备或者终端设备时的处理功能。
图7是本申请实施例提供的接入网设备70的结构示意图。接入网设备70包括至少一个处理器710和收发器730，收发器730和至少一个处理器710通过线路互联。
可选的，如图7所示，在本申请的一些实施方式中，接入网设备70还包括：存储器750；该存储器750可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器710提供操作指令和数据。存储器750的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)。存储器750存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集:
在本申请实施例中，通过调用存储器750存储的操作指令(该操作指令可存储在操作系统中)，执行相应的操作。处理器710控制接入网设备70的操作，处理器710还可以称为中央处理单元(Central Processing Unit，CPU)。存储器750可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器710提供指令和数据。存储器750的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)。具体的应用中接入网设备70的各个组件通过总线系统720耦合在一起，其中总线系统720除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统720。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器710中，或者由处理器710实现。处理器710可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤 可以通过处理器710中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器1410可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器750，处理器710读取存储器750中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可选地，收发器730用于执行图2-图5所示的实施例中的接入网设备的接收和发送的步骤，例如，收发器730用于支持接入网设备执行图2-图5所示实施例中的步骤203(具体的为接收网元设备发送的会话信息)、步骤205(具体的为将报文头压缩机制的信息发送至终端设备)、步骤304(具体为接收SMF发送的第一消息)及步骤307(具体为发送第二消息至UE)等。
处理器710用于执行图2-图5所示的实施例中的接入网设备的处理的步骤，例如，处理器710用于支持接入网设备执行图2-图5所示实施例中的步骤204(具体为根据报文类型信息，确定报文头压缩机制)、步骤305及步骤306等。
其他接入网设备、网关设备或者终端设备也可以参阅图7进行理解，其中接入网设备、网关设备或者终端设备中相应收发器和处理器的功能都可以执行图2至图5中各设备相应的接收、发送和处理的步骤。
图8是本申请实施例提供的芯片系统80的结构示意图。芯片系统80包括至少一个处理器810和接口电路830，接口电路830和至少一个处理器810通过线路互联。
可选的，如图8所示，在本申请的一些实施方式中，芯片系统80还包括：存储器850；存储器850可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器810提供操作指令和数据。存储器850的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)。
在一些实施方式中，存储器850存储了如下的元素，可执行模块或者数据结构，或者他们的子集，或者他们的扩展集:
在本申请实施例中，通过调用存储器850存储的操作指令(该操作指令可存储在操作系统中)，执行相应的操作。
一种可能的实现方式为：接入网设备、网关设备或者终端设备所用的芯片系统的结构类似，但不同的装置使用不同的芯片系统以实现各自的功能。
处理器810控制接入网设备、网关设备或者终端设备的操作，处理器810还可以称为CPU(Central Processing Unit，中央处理单元)。存储器850可以包括只读存储器和随机存取存储器，并向处理器810提供指令和数据。存储器850的一部分还可以包括非易失性随机存取存储器(NVRAM)。具体的应用中各个组件通过总线系统820耦合在一起，其中总线系统820除包括数据总线之外，还可以包括电源总线、控制总线和状态信号总线等。但是为了清楚 说明起见，在图中将各种总线都标为总线系统820。
上述本申请实施例揭示的方法可以应用于处理器810中，或者由处理器810实现。处理器810可能是一种集成电路芯片，具有信号的处理能力。在实现过程中，上述方法的各步骤可以通过处理器810中的硬件的集成逻辑电路或者软件形式的指令完成。上述的处理器810可以是通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DSP)、专用集成电路(ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件。可以实现或者执行本申请实施例中的公开的各方法、步骤及逻辑框图。通用处理器可以是微处理器或者该处理器也可以是任何常规的处理器等。结合本申请实施例所公开的方法的步骤可以直接体现为硬件译码处理器执行完成，或者用译码处理器中的硬件及软件模块组合执行完成。软件模块可以位于随机存储器，闪存、只读存储器，可编程只读存储器或者电可擦写可编程存储器、寄存器等本领域成熟的存储介质中。该存储介质位于存储器850，处理器810读取存储器850中的信息，结合其硬件完成上述方法的步骤。
可选地，接口电路830用于执行图2-图5所示的实施例中的接入网设备、网关设备或者终端设备的接收和发送的步骤，例如，接口电路830用于支持接入网设备执行图2-图5所示实施例中的步骤203(具体的为接收网元设备发送的会话信息)、步骤205(具体的为将报文头压缩机制的信息发送至终端设备)、步骤304(具体为接收SMF发送的第一消息)及步骤307(具体为发送第二消息至UE)等。
处理器810用于执行图2-图5所示的实施例中的接入网设备、网关设备或者终端设备的接收和发送的步骤例如，处理器810用于支持接入网设备执行图2-图5所示实施例中的步骤204(具体为根据报文类型信息，确定报文头压缩机制)、步骤305及步骤306等。
在上述实施例中，存储器存储的供处理器执行的指令可以以计算机程序产品的形式实现。所述计算机程序产品可以是事先写入在存储器中，也可以是以软件形式下载并安装在存储器中。
所述计算机程序产品包括一个或多个计算机指令。在计算机上加载和执行所述计算机程序指令时，全部或部分地产生按照本申请实施例所述的流程或功能。所述计算机可以是通用计算机、专用计算机、计算机网络、或者其他可编程装置。所述计算机指令可以存储在计算机可读存储介质中，或者从一个计算机可读存储介质向另一计算机可读存储介质传输，例如，所述计算机指令可以从一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心通过有线(例如同轴电缆、光纤、数字用户线(DSL))或无线(例如红外、无线、微波等)方式向另一个网站站点、计算机、服务器或数据中心进行传输。所述计算机可读存储介质可以是计算机能够存储的任何可用介质或者是包含一个或多个可用介质集成的服务器、数据中心等数据存储设备。所述可用介质可以是磁性介质，(例如，软盘、硬盘、磁带)、光介质(例如，DVD)、或者半导体介质(例如固态硬盘Solid State Disk(SSD))等。
以上对本申请实施例所提供的接入网络的方法、装置、设备、计算机可读存储介质以及系统进行了详细介绍，本文中应用了具体个例对本申请的原理及实施方式进行了阐述，以上实施例的说明只是用于帮助理解本申请的方法及其核心思想；同时，对于本领域的一般技术人员，依据本申请的思想，在具体实施方式及应用范围上均会有改变之处，综上所 述，本说明书内容不应理解为对本申请的限制。

Claims (48)

  1. 一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，其特征在于，包括：
    接入网设备接收来自网元设备会话信息，所述会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息，所述会话标识用于标示终端设备的会话，所述报文类型信息用于标示所述会话的报文类型；
    所述接入网设备根据所述报文类型信息确定报文头压缩机制，所述报文头压缩机制用于处理所述会话的报文；
    所述接入网设备将所述报文头压缩机制的信息发送至所述终端设备。
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元设备包括会话管理网元，
    所述接入网设备接收来自网元设备的会话信息之前，还包括：
    接入网设备接收来自终端设备的会话建立请求；
    所述接入网设备向会话管理网元发送所述会话建立请求；
    所述接入网设备接收来自网元设备的会话信息，包括：
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述会话管理网元的第一消息，所述第一消息包括所述会话信息和会话建立响应；
    所述接入网设备根据第一消息得到所述会话信息。
  3. 根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备将所述报文头压缩机制的信息发送至所述终端设备，包括：
    所述接入网设备发送第二消息至所述终端设备，所述第二消息包括所述报文头压缩机制的信息和所述会话建立响应。
  4. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元设备包括用户面网元，
    所述接入网设备接收来自网元设备的会话信息，包括：
    所述接入网设备接收来自用户面网元的下行报文，所述下行报文包括所述会话信息；
    所述接入网设备根据所述下行报文得到所述会话信息。
  5. 根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，所述接入网设备将所述报文头压缩机制的信息发送至所述终端设备，包括：
    所述接入网设备将所述报文头压缩机制的信息携带于所述下行报文中；
    所述接入网设备将处理后的所述下行报文发送至所述终端设备。
  6. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元设备包括接入和移动管理网元，
    所述接入网设备接收来自网元设备的会话信息之前，还包括：
    接入网设备向接入和移动管理网元发送切换请求；
    所述接入网设备接收来自网元设备的会话信息，包括：
    所述接入网设备接收来自所述接入和移动管理网元的切换响应，所述切换响应包括所述会话信息；
    所述接入网设备根据所述切换响应得到所述会话信息。
  7. 根据权利要求1至6中任一项所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述接入网设备根据所述报文头压缩机制处理上行报文或者下行报文。
  8. 一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，其特征在于，包括：
    网元设备获取会话信息，所述会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息，所述会话标识用于标示终端设备的会话，所述报文类型信息用于标示所述会话的报文类型；
    所述网元设备将所述会话信息发送至接入网设备，所述会话信息用于确定所述会话的报文头压缩机制。
  9. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元设备为会话管理网元，
    所述网元设备获取会话信息，包括：
    所述会话管理网元接收来自终端设备的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求中携带所述会话标识；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述会话建立请求中的会话标识确定会话；
    所述会话管理网元获取所述会话的报文类型信息；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述会话标识及所述报文类型信息得到会话信息。
  10. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元设备将所述会话信息发送至接入网设备，包括：
    所述会话管理网元根据所述会话建立请求生成会话建立响应；
    所述会话管理网元根据所述会话信息和所述会话建立响应生成第一消息，并将所述第一消息发送至接入网设备。
  11. 根据权利要求8所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元设备为用户面网元，
    所述网元设备获取会话信息，包括：
    所述用户面网元接收来自会话管理网元的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求携带所述会话信息；
    所述用户面网元根据所述会话建立请求得到所述会话信息。
  12. 根据权利要求11所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元设备将所述会话信息发送至接入网设备，包括：
    所述用户面网元发送下行报文至接入网设备，所述下行报文中携带所述会话信息。
  13. 根据权利要求9所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元设备为接入和移动管理网元，
    所述网元设备获取会话信息，包括：
    所述接入和移动管理网元向会话管理网元发送会话建立请求；
    所述接入和移动管理网元接收所述会话管理网元的会话建立响应，所述会话建立响应中携带所述会话信息，所述接入和移动管理网元根据所述会话建立响应得到所述会话信息。
  14. 根据权利要求13所述的方法，其特征在于，所述网元设备将所述会话信息发送至接入网设备，包括：
    所述接入和移动管理网元接收到所述接入网设备的切换请求；
    所述接入和移动管理网元向所述接入网设备发送切换响应，所述切换响应携带所述会话信息。
  15. 一种报文头压缩机制确定方法，其特征在于，包括：
    终端设备向网元设备发送消息，请求建立会话，其中，所述终端设备发送的消息中包括会话标识，所述会话标识用于标示所述终端设备的会话；
    所述终端设备接收来自所述接入网设备的报文头压缩机制的信息，所述报文头压缩机制用于处理所述会话的报文。
  16. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，所述终端设备接收来自所述接入网设备的报文头压缩机制的信息，包括：
    所述终端设备接收来自所述接入网设备的第二消息，所述第二消息包括会话建立响应和报文头压缩机制的信息；
    所述终端设备根据所述第二消息得到所述报文头压缩机制的信息。
  17. 根据权利要求15所述的方法，其特征在于，
    所述终端设备接收来自接入网设备的报文头压缩机制的信息，包括：
    所述终端设备接收来自所述接入网设备的下行报文，所述下行报文包括报文头压缩机制的信息；
    所述终端设备根据所述下行报文得到所述报文头压缩机制的信息。
  18. 根据权利要求15-17任一所述的方法，其特征在于，所述方法还包括：
    所述终端设备根据所述报文头压缩机制处理上行报文或者下行报文。
  19. 一种接入网设备，其特征在于，包括：
    接收模块，用于接收来自网元设备会话信息，所述会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息，所述会话标识用于标示终端设备的会话，所述报文类型信息用于标示所述会话的报文类型；
    处理模块，用于根据所述报文类型信息确定报文头压缩机制，所述报文头压缩机制用于处理所述会话的报文；
    发送模块，用于将所述报文头压缩机制的信息发送至所述终端设备。
  20. 根据权利要求19所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，所述网元设备包括会话管理网元，
    所述接收模块，还用于接收来自终端设备的会话建立请求；
    所述发送模块，还用于向会话管理网元发送所述会话建立请求；
    所述接收模块，还用于接收来自所述会话管理网元的第一消息，所述第一消息包括所述会话信息和会话建立响应；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据第一消息得到所述会话信息。
  21. 根据权利要求20所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，
    所述发送模块，还用于发送第二消息至所述终端设备，所述第二消息包括所述报文头压缩机制的信息和所述会话建立响应。
  22. 根据权利要求19所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，所述网元设备包括用户面网元，
    所述接收模块，还用于接收来自用户面网元的下行报文，所述下行报文包括所述会话信息；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述下行报文得到所述会话信息。
  23. 根据权利要求22所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于将所述报文头压缩机制的信息携带于所述下行报文中；
    所述发送模块，还用于将处理后的所述下行报文发送至所述终端设备。
  24. 根据权利要求19所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，所述网元设备包括接入和移动管理网元，
    所述发送模块，还用于向接入和移动管理网元发送切换请求；
    所述接收模块，还用于接收来自所述接入和移动管理网元的切换响应，所述切换响应包括所述会话信息；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述切换响应得到所述会话信息。
  25. 根据权利要求19至24中任一项所述的接入网设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述报文头压缩机制处理上行报文或者下行报文。
  26. 一种网元设备，其特征在于，包括：
    处理模块，用于获取会话信息，所述会话信息包括会话标识及报文类型信息，所述会话标识用于标示终端设备的会话，所述报文类型信息用于标示所述会话的报文类型；
    发送模块，用于将所述会话信息发送至接入网设备，所述会话信息用于确定所述会话的报文头压缩机制。
  27. 根据权利要求26所述的网元设备，其特征在于，所述网元设备为会话管理网元，所述会话管理网元还包括：接收模块；
    所述接收模块，用于接收来自终端设备的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求中携带所述会话标识；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述会话建立请求中的会话标识确定会话；
    所述处理模块，还用于获取所述会话的报文类型信息；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述会话标识及所述报文类型信息得到会话信息。
  28. 根据权利要求27所述的网元设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述会话建立请求生成会话建立响应；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述会话信息和所述会话建立响应生成第一消息；
    所述发送模块，还用于将所述第一消息发送至接入网设备。
  29. 根据权利要求26所述的网元设备，其特征在于，所述网元设备为用户面网元，所述用户面网元还包括：接收模块；
    所述接收模块，用于接收来自会话管理网元的会话建立请求，所述会话建立请求携带所述会话信息；
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述会话建立请求得到所述会话信息。
  30. 根据权利要求29所述的网元设备，其特征在于，
    所述发送模块，还用于发送下行报文至接入网设备，所述下行报文中携带所述会话信息。
  31. 根据权利要求26所述的网元设备，其特征在于，所述网元设备为接入和移动管理网元，所述接入和移动管理网元还包括：接收模块；
    所述发送模块，还用于向会话管理网元发送会话建立请求；
    所述接收模块，用于接收所述会话管理网元的会话建立响应，所述会话建立响应中携 带所述会话信息，所述接入和移动管理网元根据所述会话建立响应得到所述会话信息。
  32. 根据权利要求31所述的网元设备，其特征在于，
    所述接收模块，还用于接收到所述接入网设备的切换请求；
    所述发送模块，还用于向所述接入网设备发送切换响应，所述切换响应携带所述会话信息。
  33. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括：
    发送模块，用于向网元设备发送消息，请求建立会话，其中，所述终端设备发送的消息中包括会话标识，所述会话标识用于标示所述终端设备的会话；
    接收模块，用于接收来自所述接入网设备的报文头压缩机制的信息，所述报文头压缩机制用于处理所述会话的报文。
  34. 根据权利要求33所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备还包括：处理模块；
    所述接收模块，还用于接收来自所述接入网设备的第二消息，所述第二消息包括会话建立响应和报文头压缩机制的信息；
    所述处理模块，用于根据所述第二消息得到所述报文头压缩机制的信息。
  35. 根据权利要求33所述的终端设备，其特征在于，所述终端设备还包括：处理模块；
    所述接收模块，还用于接收来自所述接入网设备的下行报文，所述下行报文包括报文头压缩机制的信息；
    所述处理模块，用于根据所述下行报文得到所述报文头压缩机制的信息。
  36. 根据权利要求33-35任一所述的终端设备，其特征在于，
    所述处理模块，还用于根据所述报文头压缩机制处理上行报文或者下行报文。
  37. 一种接入网设备，其特征在于，包括：收发器和至少一个处理器，所述收发器和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述收发器用于进行权利要求1-7任一所述的方法中，在所述接入网设备侧进行的信息收发的操作；
    所述至少一个处理器执行权利要求1-7任一所述的方法中的在所接入网设备侧进行的信息处理或控制操作。
  38. 一种网元设备，其特征在于，包括：收发器和至少一个处理器，所述收发器和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述收发器用于执行权利要求8-14任一所述的方法中，在所述网元设备侧进行信息收发的操作；
    所述至少一个处理器执行权利要求8-14任一所述的方法中的在所述网元设备侧进行的信息处理或控制操作。
  39. 一种终端设备，其特征在于，包括：收发器和至少一个处理器，所述收发器和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述收发器用于执行权利要求15-18任一所述的方法中，在所述终端设备侧进行信息收发的操作；
    所述至少一个处理器执行权利要求15-18任一所述的方法中的在所述终端设备侧进行的信息处理或控制操作。
  40. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，包括：应用于接入网设备中，所述芯片系统包括至少一个处理器，和接口电路，所述收发器和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联；所述处理 器执行权利要求1-7任一所述的方法中所述接入网设备的操作。
  41. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，包括：应用于网元设备中，所述芯片系统包括至少一个处理器和接口电路，所述收发器和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述指令被所述处理器执行权利要求8-14任一所述的方法中所述网元设备的操作。
  42. 一种芯片系统，其特征在于，包括：应用于终端设备中，所述芯片系统包括至少一个处理器和接口电路，所述收发器和所述至少一个处理器通过线路互联，所述处理器执行权利要求15-18任一所述的方法中所述终端设备的操作。
  43. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，应用于接入网设备中，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述权利要求1-7任一所述的方法。
  44. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，应用于网元设备中，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述权利要求8-14任一所述的方法。
  45. 一种计算机可读存储介质，其特征在于，应用于终端设备中，所述计算机可读存储介质中存储有指令，当其在计算机上运行时，使得计算机执行上述权利要求15-18任一所述的方法。
  46. 一种接入网设备，用于执行上述权利要求1-7任一项所述方法。
  47. 一种网元设备，用于执行上述权利要求8-14任一项所述方法。
  48. 一种网络接入系统，其特征在于，包括：接入网设备和/或网元设备；
    其中，所述接入网设备为权利要求46所述的接入网设备；
    所述网元设备为权利要求47所述的网元设备。
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