WO2019069218A1 - Granulated calcium fertilizer and method for preparing granulated calcium fertilizer - Google Patents
Granulated calcium fertilizer and method for preparing granulated calcium fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- WO2019069218A1 WO2019069218A1 PCT/IB2018/057630 IB2018057630W WO2019069218A1 WO 2019069218 A1 WO2019069218 A1 WO 2019069218A1 IB 2018057630 W IB2018057630 W IB 2018057630W WO 2019069218 A1 WO2019069218 A1 WO 2019069218A1
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- parts
- weight
- calcium
- fertilizer
- amount
- Prior art date
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- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L Calcium carbonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-]C([O-])=O VTYYLEPIZMXCLO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Inorganic materials [Ca]=O ODINCKMPIJJUCX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000004021 humic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 244000063299 Bacillus subtilis Species 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000292 calcium oxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium oxide Chemical compound [O-2].[Ca+2] BRPQOXSCLDDYGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 235000014469 Bacillus subtilis Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000194107 Bacillus megaterium Species 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229940043430 calcium compound Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 150000001674 calcium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910000019 calcium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000001332 colony forming effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000008733 Citrus aurantifolia Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000011941 Tilia x europaea Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004571 lime Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000033558 biomineral tissue development Effects 0.000 description 12
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000009257 reactivity Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 3
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 108010011619 6-Phytase Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000017060 Arachis glabrata Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000105624 Arachis hypogaea Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010777 Arachis hypogaea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000018262 Arachis monticola Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000194108 Bacillus licheniformis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005602 Coleus parviflorus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000096857 Dioscorea batatas Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000002722 Dioscorea batatas Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 1
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 240000003183 Manihot esculenta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000016735 Manihot esculenta subsp esculenta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000005741 Metalloproteases Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010006035 Metalloproteases Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 208000031888 Mycoses Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021536 Zeolite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;2,3,4,5,6-pentahydroxyhexanal;sodium Chemical compound [Na].CC(O)=O.OCC(O)C(O)C(O)C(O)C=O DPXJVFZANSGRMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001768 carboxy methyl cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 235000012343 cottonseed oil Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical group O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003864 humus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011702 manganese sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000007079 manganese sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(II) sulfate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SQQMAOCOWKFBNP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000020232 peanut Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940085127 phytase Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001577 potassium mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001592 potato starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019812 sodium carboxymethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001027 sodium carboxymethylcellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035899 viability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010457 zeolite Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D3/00—Calcareous fertilisers
- C05D3/02—Calcareous fertilisers from limestone, calcium carbonate, calcium hydrate, slaked lime, calcium oxide, waste calcium products
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a granulated calcium fertilizer for use in particular for soil mineralization and a method for preparing a granulated calcium fertilizer.
- fertilizer compositions that contain an addition of various bacteria such as e.g. Bacillus subtilis are developed. Their admixture to the fertilizer composition significantly accelerates and enhances soil mineralization and, consequently, affects plant growth.
- Chinese application of invention CN106588377 discloses a fertilizer containing, in parts by weight, 8-16 parts of potassium mineral powder, 25-45 parts of urea, 16-22 parts of fertilizer based on magnesium sulphate, 10-20 parts of phosphate stone powder, 4-6 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 4-10 parts of modified Chinese potato starch, 4-8 parts of phosphorus slag, 4-8 parts of cassava residue, 4-6 parts of manganese-containing calcium perphosphate, 2-4 parts of natural zeolite, 1 -2 parts of manganese sulphate, 0.8-1 .6 parts of borax, 0.003-0.006 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.002-0.005 parts of phytase, 0.02- 0.05 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.002-0.005 parts of metalloprotease, 12-20 parts of straw powder, 20-30 parts of animal manure, 6-10 parts of furfural residue, 20-25 parts of humus soil, 3-7 parts of shells, 3-6 parts
- Patent No. Pat.225145 discloses a method for preparing granulated fertilizer lime consisting in calcium carbonate, in particular in the form of writing chalk with a CaO content from 44% to 54% based on CaO by weight (measured in dry matter), from 18 to 23% of water and magnesium content from 0.5% to 1 % is transferred onto the production line, which is composed of a mill in which the mix is ground.
- the ground mixture is then transported on a conveyor belt to a disc granulator where granulation is carried out, after which it is transported on another conveyor belt to a rotating drum, where final granulation and drying is carried out at a temperature of approx. 400 - 500°C.
- the resulting fertilizer lime with a composition of 44 to 51 % by weight Ca based on CaO and 4 to 6% water and with magnesium content of up to approx. 0.5%, in the form of granules of varying size is sorted on screens to obtain the desired size, while off- size granules are returned to the inlet of the production line as waste.
- Bacteria of the genus Bacillus are very common in nature, in particular in soil. Their intensive growth occurs when large amount of organic matter seeps into the soil, however, when the organic matter is depleted, the bacteria die or become dormant, assuming the so-called spore form.
- Bacillus such as: subtilis or megaterium protect plants against harmful insects, and they prevent or inhibit the development of fungal diseases, while increasing the availability of iron for crops.
- the problem in the preparation technology of bacteria-containing granulated fertilizer is to obtain a strength to allow for their final use in an unchanged form, and at the same time without the steps of the technological process affecting the viability and amount of bacteria in the final product.
- the object of the invention was to provide a granulated fertilizer based on calcium compounds, which, through the components thereof, would effectively promote the mineralization of the soil, without the use of chemical compounds harmful to the environment, with the granules thereof having a strength to store and use them in an unchanged form.
- the object of the invention was also to develop a method for preparing a granulated fertilizer while reducing the adverse effect on the individual components of the fertilizer, in particular on the bacteria used in the fertilizer.
- the essence of the invention is a granulated calcium fertilizer containing calcium compounds in the form of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide characterised in that per 100 parts by weight of calcium compounds, the amount of calcium oxide ranges from 45-55 parts by weight and that the calcium fertilizer further comprises:
- the bacteria are in the form of spores.
- the essence of the invention is also a method for preparing a granulated calcium fertilizer characterised in that calcium compounds in the form of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide, wherein the content of calcium oxide ranges from 45-55 parts by weight, and Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria in an amount of 0.4 to 0.6 parts by weight, wherein the number of colony forming units ranges from 10 11 to 10 15 CFU/gram are added to the mixer, and after they are premixed, water is added in an amount of 16-25 parts by weight, and then the mixture is sprayed with humic acids in an amount from 1 to 3 parts by weight and containing organic matter in the dry matter from 50 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of humic acids, wherein the amount of calcium fertilizer components is indicated per 100 parts by weight of the calcium compounds, after which the whole is mixed at a temperature of up to 70°C; then the mixture is granulated in a disk granulator at a temperature of up to 70°C until granule
- Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria are added in the form of powder in an amount of 50 grams per 1000 kg of calcium compounds.
- Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria are added in the form of an aqueous solution, wherein the amount of bacteria in the solution ranges from 40 to 60 grams per 1 kg of water.
- Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria are added in the form of spores.
- the amount of water in the granulated calcium fertilizer is 4%.
- the lime used in the fertilizer composition is the carrier of the other components, but also the regulator of the soil pH. A higher pH is necessary for optimal soil mineralization, and at a lower pH the mineralization is ineffective.
- the used humic acids provide organic matter, in which Bacillus (subtilis or megaterium) grow much better and propagate faster, so that they can effectively mineralize post- harvest residue, that is to say decompose matter into simple elements necessary for plants.
- the combination of lime, humic acids and Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus megaterium bacteria in the granulated calcium fertilizer of the invention yielded a fertilizer which regulates soil pH, while providing calcium, enhancing the mineralization of post-harvest residue and prevents elements in the soil from being leached.
- the granulated fertilizer of the invention due to the properties thereof, also allows for reducing the need for additional soil fertilization, and the minimal amount of components necessary for mineralization puts no burden on the environment.
- the granulated form of the fertilizer of the invention allows for increasing the quantity of components in the final product obtained compared to liquid fertilizers.
- the method for preparing the granulated calcium fertilizer of the invention allows for obtaining granules with a stable structure, while without affecting the amount of bacteria capable to perform the soil mineralization process.
- the use of bacteria in the form of spores in the fertilizer of the invention allows for the survival thereof in the preparation process and for retaining the bacteria in dormant form, and, subsequently, for their activity during use.
- Optimal parameters of the product that ensure the survival of the bacteria while retaining favourable parameters of lime and humic acids are also obtained due to the dynamic cooling of the granulate and obtaining a moisture content of the granules of 4%. Cooling of the granulate and maintaining the moisture content of the granules at 4% and the subsequent sealing of the final product allows for retaining the bacteria used in the fertilizer in the form of spores and to reduce the absorption of water by calcium compounds.
- a granulated calcium fertilizer with a granule diameter ranging from 3-8 mm obtained by the method of the invention, intended for soil mineralization with the following composition:
- Example 2 After the fertilizer is prepared, it is packed in order to maintain its structure and moisture content.
- Example 2 After the fertilizer is prepared, it is packed in order to maintain its structure and moisture content.
- a granulated calcium fertilizer with a granule diameter ranging from 3-8 mm obtained by the method of the invention, intended for soil mineralization with the following composition:
- a granulated calcium fertilizer with a granule diameter ranging from 3-8 mm obtained by the method of the invention, intended for soil mineralization with the following composition:
- the mixture is granulated in a disk granulator at a temperature of up to 70°C until granules with a diameter of 3-8 mm are obtained, and after the fraction of undesirable size is removed by screens, the granules are dried in the following steps:
- Example 5 After the desired moisture content is obtained, the granules are dynamically cooled to a temperature of up to 20°C and sealed to preserve their structure.
- Example 5 After the desired moisture content is obtained, the granules are dynamically cooled to a temperature of up to 20°C and sealed to preserve their structure.
- the mixture is granulated in a disk granulator at a temperature of up to 70°C until granules with a diameter of 3-8 mm are obtained, and after the fraction of undesirable size is removed by screens, the granules are dried in the following steps:
- the mixture is granulated in a disk granulator at a temperature of up to 70°C until granules with a diameter of 3-8 mm are obtained, and after the fraction of undesirable size is removed by screens, the granules are dried in the following steps: - for 8 seconds at a temperature of up to 200°C, and then
- the granules are dynamically cooled to a temperature of up to 20°C and sealed to preserve their structure.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a granulated calcium fertilizer containing calcium compounds in the form of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide characterised in that per 100 parts by weight of calcium compounds, the amount of calcium oxide ranges from 45-55 parts by weight and that the calcium fertilizer further comprises: 0.4 to 0.6 parts by weight of Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus megaterium bacteria, wherein the number of colony forming units ranges from 103 to 1013 CFU/gram, 1 to 3 parts by weight of humic acids with an organic matter content in dry matter of 50 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of humic acids, wherein the diameter of calcium fertilizer granules ranges from 3-8 mm and the water content does not exceed 4% in relation to the quantity of all components. It also relates to a method for preparing a granulated calcium fertilizer.
Description
Granulated calcium fertilizer and method for preparing granulated calcium fertilizer
The present invention relates to a granulated calcium fertilizer for use in particular for soil mineralization and a method for preparing a granulated calcium fertilizer.
Given the increasing demand in agriculture, horticulture for ecological fertilizers containing natural ingredients to enrich the soil and prepare it for sowing through mineralization, maintaining the appropriate pH or providing the appropriate amount of nutrients to plants, fertilizer compositions that contain an addition of various bacteria such as e.g. Bacillus subtilis are developed. Their admixture to the fertilizer composition significantly accelerates and enhances soil mineralization and, consequently, affects plant growth.
Chinese application of invention CN106588377 (A) discloses a fertilizer containing, in parts by weight, 8-16 parts of potassium mineral powder, 25-45 parts of urea, 16-22 parts of fertilizer based on magnesium sulphate, 10-20 parts of phosphate stone powder, 4-6 parts of sodium carboxymethylcellulose, 4-10 parts of modified Chinese potato starch, 4-8 parts of phosphorus slag, 4-8 parts of cassava residue, 4-6 parts of manganese-containing calcium perphosphate, 2-4 parts of natural zeolite, 1 -2 parts of manganese sulphate, 0.8-1 .6 parts of borax, 0.003-0.006 parts of Bacillus subtilis, 0.002-0.005 parts of phytase, 0.02- 0.05 parts of Bacillus licheniformis, 0.002-0.005 parts of metalloprotease, 12-20 parts of straw powder, 20-30 parts of animal manure, 6-10 parts of furfural residue, 20-25 parts of humus soil, 3-7 parts of shells, 3-6 parts of peanut shells, 4-8 parts of cottonseed meal and 25-45 parts of water.
Specification of Patent No. Pat.225145 discloses a method for preparing granulated fertilizer lime consisting in calcium carbonate, in particular in the form of writing chalk with a CaO content from 44% to 54% based on CaO by weight (measured in dry matter), from 18 to 23% of water and magnesium content from 0.5% to 1 % is transferred onto the production line, which is composed of a mill in which the mix is ground. The ground mixture is then transported on a conveyor belt to a disc granulator where granulation is carried out, after which it is transported on another conveyor belt to a rotating drum, where final granulation and drying is carried out at a temperature of approx. 400 - 500°C. The resulting fertilizer lime with a composition of 44 to 51 % by weight Ca based on CaO and 4 to 6% water and with magnesium content of up to approx. 0.5%, in the form of granules of varying size is sorted on screens to obtain the desired size, while off- size granules are returned to the inlet of the production line as waste. Bacteria of the genus Bacillus are very common in nature, in particular in soil. Their intensive growth occurs when large amount of organic matter seeps into the soil, however, when the organic matter is depleted, the bacteria die or become dormant, assuming the so-called spore form. Bacillus such as: subtilis or megaterium protect plants against harmful insects, and they prevent or inhibit the development of fungal diseases, while increasing the availability of iron for crops.
The problem in the preparation technology of bacteria-containing granulated fertilizer is to obtain a strength to allow for their final use in an unchanged form, and at the same time without the steps of the technological process affecting the viability and amount of bacteria in the final product.
The object of the invention was to provide a granulated fertilizer based on calcium compounds, which, through the components thereof, would effectively promote the mineralization of the soil, without the use of chemical compounds harmful to the environment, with the granules thereof having a strength to store and use them in an unchanged form. The object of the invention was also to develop a method for preparing a granulated fertilizer while reducing the adverse effect on the individual components of the fertilizer, in particular on the bacteria used in the fertilizer.
The essence of the invention is a granulated calcium fertilizer containing calcium compounds in the form of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide characterised in that per 100 parts by weight of calcium compounds, the amount of calcium oxide ranges from 45-55 parts by weight and that the calcium fertilizer further comprises:
- 0.4 to 0.6 parts by weight of Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria, wherein the number of colony forming units ranges from 103 to 1013 CFU/gram
- 1 to 3 parts by weight of humic acids with an organic matter content in dry matter of 50 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of humic acids, wherein the diameter of calcium fertilizer granules ranges from 3-8 mm and the water content does not exceed 4% in relation to the quantity of all components. Preferably, the bacteria are in the form of spores.
The essence of the invention is also a method for preparing a granulated calcium fertilizer characterised in that calcium compounds in the form of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide, wherein the content of calcium oxide ranges from 45-55 parts by weight, and Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria in an amount of 0.4 to 0.6 parts by weight, wherein the number of colony forming units ranges from 1011 to 1015 CFU/gram are added to the mixer, and after they are premixed, water is added in an amount of 16-25 parts by weight, and then the mixture is sprayed with humic acids in an amount from 1 to 3 parts by weight and containing organic matter in the dry matter from 50 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of humic acids, wherein the amount of calcium fertilizer components is indicated per 100 parts by weight of the calcium compounds, after which the whole is mixed at a temperature of up to 70°C; then the mixture is granulated in a disk granulator at a temperature of up to 70°C until granules with a diameter ranging from 3 -8 mm are obtained, after which the obtained granulate is heated to a temperature of up to 200°C for up to 10 seconds, which is followed by drying at a temperature of up to 70°C to obtain 4% moisture content, after which the granulate is cooled to 20°C and sealed at this temperature.
Preferably, the mixer is a planetary mixer.
Preferably, Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria are added in the form of powder in an amount of 50 grams per 1000 kg of calcium compounds.
Preferably, Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria are added in the form of an aqueous solution, wherein the amount of bacteria in the solution ranges from 40 to 60 grams per 1 kg of water. Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria are added in the form of spores.
Preferably, the amount of water in the granulated calcium fertilizer is 4%. The lime used in the fertilizer composition is the carrier of the other components, but also the regulator of the soil pH. A higher pH is necessary for optimal soil mineralization, and at a lower pH the mineralization is ineffective. The used humic acids provide organic matter, in which Bacillus (subtilis or megaterium) grow much better and propagate faster, so that they can effectively mineralize post- harvest residue, that is to say decompose matter into simple elements necessary for plants. Thus, the combination of lime, humic acids and Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus megaterium bacteria in the granulated calcium fertilizer of the invention yielded a fertilizer which regulates soil pH, while providing calcium, enhancing the mineralization of post-harvest residue and prevents elements in the soil from being leached. The granulated fertilizer of the invention, due to the properties thereof, also allows for reducing the need for additional soil fertilization, and the minimal amount of components necessary for mineralization puts no burden on the environment.
Now, the granulated form of the fertilizer of the invention allows for increasing the quantity of components in the final product obtained compared to liquid fertilizers.
The method for preparing the granulated calcium fertilizer of the invention, through proper selection of temperature at the stage of mixing, granulation and then drying of the final product, allows for obtaining granules with a stable
structure, while without affecting the amount of bacteria capable to perform the soil mineralization process. The use of bacteria in the form of spores in the fertilizer of the invention allows for the survival thereof in the preparation process and for retaining the bacteria in dormant form, and, subsequently, for their activity during use.
Surprisingly, it was found that heating the granules to 200°C for a few seconds increases the strength of the granules, including by rapid evaporation of a substantial part of the water, which allows for retaining the granule structure during storage of the final product. The duration of the fertilizer granules being subjected to a high temperature of up to 200°C is limited to a few seconds, which allows for maintaining the biological activity of a substantial amount of bacteria in the composition of the fertilizer of the invention.
Optimal parameters of the product that ensure the survival of the bacteria while retaining favourable parameters of lime and humic acids are also obtained due to the dynamic cooling of the granulate and obtaining a moisture content of the granules of 4%. Cooling of the granulate and maintaining the moisture content of the granules at 4% and the subsequent sealing of the final product allows for retaining the bacteria used in the fertilizer in the form of spores and to reduce the absorption of water by calcium compounds.
The subject of the invention is presented in greater detail in the preferred embodiments, which, however, do not limited the scope thereof. Example 1
A granulated calcium fertilizer with a granule diameter ranging from 3-8 mm obtained by the method of the invention, intended for soil mineralization with the following composition:
- 100 kg of chalk containing calcium carbonate: 45 parts by weight and calcium oxide: 55 parts by weight in relation to the amount of chalk, with a reactivity of approx. 100% and a neutralization number in the range of 55.
- 5 g of Bacillus subtilis bacteria in the form of spores with the number of colony forming units of: 105 CFU/gram
- 1 kg of humic acids:
and with a moisture content of granules of up to 4%.
After the fertilizer is prepared, it is packed in order to maintain its structure and moisture content. Example 2
A granulated calcium fertilizer with a granule diameter ranging from 3-8 mm obtained by the method of the invention, intended for soil mineralization with the following composition:
- 100 kg of chalk containing calcium carbonate: 50 parts by weight and calcium oxide: 50 parts by weight in relation to the amount of chalk, with a reactivity of approx. 100% and a neutralization number in the range of 55.
- 5 g of Bacillus subtilis bacteria in the form of spores with the number of colony forming units of: 109 CFU/gram
- 3 kg of humic acids:
and with a moisture content of granules of up to 4%.
After the fertilizer is prepared, it is packed in order to maintain its structure and moisture content. Example 3
A granulated calcium fertilizer with a granule diameter ranging from 3-8 mm obtained by the method of the invention, intended for soil mineralization with the following composition:
- 100 kg of chalk containing calcium carbonate: 45 parts by weight and calcium oxide: 55 parts by weight in relation to the amount of chalk, with a reactivity of approx. 100% and a neutralization number in the range of 55.
- 0.04 kg of Bacillus megaterium bacteria in the form of spores with the number of colony forming units of: 1013 CFU/gram
- 2 kg of humic acids
and with a moisture content of granules of up to 4%.
After the fertilizer is prepared, it is packed in order to maintain its structure and moisture content.
Example 4
The following were added to a planetary mixer:
- 100 kg of chalk with a calcium carbonate content of 45 parts by weight and calcium oxide of 55 parts by weight in relation to the amount of chalk, with a reactivity of approx. 100% and a neutralization number in the range of 40-60 %.
- 0.35 kg of Bacillus subtilis bacteria in the form of spores, in the form of powder, with the number of colony forming units of: 1015 CFU/gram
After pre-mixing at a temperature of up to 70°C, the following were added by spraying to the components as above:
- 1 kg of humic acids with an organic matter content in the dry matter of 50 to 60 parts by weight in relation to the amount of humic acids and
- water in the amount of 17 kg. After the components are mixed, the mixture is granulated in a disk granulator at a temperature of up to 70°C until granules with a diameter of 3-8 mm are obtained, and after the fraction of undesirable size is removed by screens, the granules are dried in the following steps:
- for 8 seconds at a temperature of up to 200°C, and then
- at a temperature of up to 70°C until obtaining the moisture content of 4%.
After the desired moisture content is obtained, the granules are dynamically cooled to a temperature of up to 20°C and sealed to preserve their structure. Example 5
The following were added to a planetary mixer:
- 100 kg of chalk with a content of calcium carbonate of 50 parts by weight and calcium oxide of 50 parts by weight in relation to the amount of chalk, with a reactivity of approx. 100% and a neutralization number in the range of 40-60 %. - 0.35 kg of Bacillus subtilis bacteria in the form of spores, in the form of powder, with the number of colony forming units of: 1011 CFU/gram
After pre-mixing at a temperature of up to 70°C, the following were added by spraying to the components as above:
- 1 kg of humic acids with an organic matter content in the dry matter of 50 to 60 parts by weight in relation to the amount of humic acids and
- water in the amount of 17 kg. After the components are mixed, the mixture is granulated in a disk granulator at a temperature of up to 70°C until granules with a diameter of 3-8 mm are obtained, and after the fraction of undesirable size is removed by screens, the granules are dried in the following steps:
- for 8 seconds at a temperature of up to 200°C, and then
- at a temperature of up to 70°C until obtaining the moisture content of 4%.
After the desired moisture content is obtained, the granules are dynamically cooled to a temperature of up to 20°C and sealed to preserve their structure. Example 6
The following were added to a planetary mixer:
- 100 kg of standard chalk with a content of calcium oxide of 55 parts by weight and calcium carbonate of 45 parts by weight in relation to the amount of chalk, with a reactivity of approx. 100% and a neutralization number in the range of 40- 60%.
- 1 kg of an aqueous solution containing bacterial strains of Bacillus subtilis in the form of spores, with the content of bacteria in the aqueous solution of: 50g of bacteria/1 kg of water, number of colony forming units of: 1013 CFU/gram After pre-mixing at a temperature of up to 70°C, the following were added by spraying to the components as above:
- 3 kg of humic acids with an organic matter content in the dry matter from 50 to 60 parts by weight in relation to the amount of humic acids and
- water in the amount of: 16 kg
After the components are mixed, the mixture is granulated in a disk granulator at a temperature of up to 70°C until granules with a diameter of 3-8 mm are obtained, and after the fraction of undesirable size is removed by screens, the granules are dried in the following steps:
- for 8 seconds at a temperature of up to 200°C, and then
- at a temperature of up to 70°C until obtaining the moisture content of 4%.
After the desired moisture content is obtained, the granules are dynamically cooled to a temperature of up to 20°C and sealed to preserve their structure.
Claims
1 . A granulated calcium fertilizer containing calcium compounds in the form of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide characterised in that per 100 parts by weight of calcium compounds, the amount of calcium oxide ranges from 45-55 parts by weight and that the calcium fertilizer further comprises:
- 0.4 to 0.6 parts by weight of Bacillus subtilis or Bacillus megaterium bacteria, wherein the number of colony forming units ranges from 103 to 1013 CFU/gram
- 1 to 3 parts by weight of humic acids with an organic matter content in dry matter of 50 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of humic acids, wherein the diameter of calcium fertilizer granules ranges from 3-8 mm and the water content does not exceed 4% in relation to the quantity of all components.
2. A granulated calcium fertilizer according to claim 1 characterised in that the bacteria are in the form of spores.
3. A method for preparing a granulated calcium fertilizer characterised in that calcium compounds in the form of calcium carbonate and calcium oxide, wherein the content of calcium oxide ranges from 45-55 parts by weight, and Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria in an amount of 0.4 to 0.6 parts by weight, wherein the number of colony forming units ranges from 1011 to 1015 CFU/gram are added to the mixer, and after they are premixed, water is added in an amount of 16-25 parts by weight, and then the mixture is sprayed with humic acids in an amount from 1 to 3 parts by weight and containing organic matter in the dry matter from 50 to 60 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of humic acids, wherein the amount of calcium fertilizer components is indicated per 100 parts by weight of the calcium compounds, after which the whole is mixed at a temperature of up to 70°C; then the mixture is granulated in a disk granulator at a temperature of up to 70°C until granules with a diameter ranging from 3-8 mm are obtained, after which the obtained granulate is heated to a temperature of up to 200°C for up to 10 seconds, which is followed by drying at a temperature of up to 70°C to obtain 4% moisture content, after which the granules are cooled to 20°C and sealed at this temperature.
4. The preparation method according to claim 3 characterised in that the mixer is a planetary mixer.
5. The preparation method according to claim 3 characterised in that Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria are added in the form of powder in an amount of 50 grams per 1000 kg of lime.
6. The preparation method according to claim 3 characterised in that Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria are added in the form of spores.
7. The preparation method according to claim 3 characterised in that Bacillus subtilis and/or Bacillus megaterium bacteria are added in the form of an aqueous solution, wherein the amount of bacteria in the solution ranges from 40-60 grams per 1 kg of water.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PL423068A PL233875B1 (en) | 2017-10-04 | 2017-10-04 | Granular lime fertilizer and method for obtaining the granular lime fertilizer |
| PLP.423068 | 2017-10-04 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| WO2019069218A1 true WO2019069218A1 (en) | 2019-04-11 |
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ID=63965711
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/IB2018/057630 WO2019069218A1 (en) | 2017-10-04 | 2018-10-02 | Granulated calcium fertilizer and method for preparing granulated calcium fertilizer |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| PL (1) | PL233875B1 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2019069218A1 (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114271062A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-05 | 河北工程大学 | A kind of stratified application of saline-alkali soil improving bacterial agent and its stratified application method and device |
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| CN106348882A (en) * | 2016-08-30 | 2017-01-25 | 山东胜伟园林科技有限公司 | Water-soluble fertilizer capable of improving soil and efficacy and preparing method of water-soluble fertilizer |
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| US20110189143A1 (en) * | 2004-07-13 | 2011-08-04 | William Brower | Formulation and method for treating plants to control or suppress a plant pathogen |
| PL225145B1 (en) | 2013-05-28 | 2017-02-28 | Koszelowskie Zakłady Kredowe E Kalabun J Chajęcki Spółka Jawna | Method for producing lime fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
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| PL423068A1 (en) | 2019-04-08 |
| PL233875B1 (en) | 2019-12-31 |
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