WO2018223269A1

WO2018223269A1 - Apparatus to test for orthostatic hypotension

Info

Publication number: WO2018223269A1
Application number: PCT/CN2017/087213
Authority: WO
Inventors: 徐蔚海; 马忠伟; 徐亮禹; 王含; 汪波; 胡鹏
Original assignee: 北京悦琦创通科技有限公司; 徐蔚海
Priority date: 2017-06-05
Filing date: 2017-06-05
Publication date: 2018-12-13

Abstract

An apparatus (100) to test for orthostatic hypotension, comprising an input device (106), a memory (104), a processor (102), and an output device (108). The input device (106) is configured to receive time information related to an occurrence time of at least one lying-down event and an occurrence time of at least one standing-up event of a subject to be tested, whereby the lying-down and standing-up events are alternately occurring. The memory (104) is configured to store a program. The processor (102) is configured to run the program. When run in the processor (102), the program is configured to execute the following operations: acquiring an initial parameter of an object to be tested, the initial parameter comprising a blood flow characteristic parameter of the subject to be tested throughout an entire testing period; determining a lying-down period parameter during the occurrence of each lying-down event and a standing-up period parameter during the occurrence of each standing-up event; analyzing all lying-down period parameters and all standing-up period parameters using a trained classifier, so as to determine a likelihood that the subject to be tested has orthostatic hypotension. The output device is configured to output feedback information about the likelihood of orthostatic hypotension. The apparatus (100) for testing orthostatic hypotension can autonomously test for orthostatic hypotension.

Description

Device for detecting orthostatic hypotension

Technical field

The present invention relates to the field of medical devices, and more particularly to an apparatus for detecting orthostatic hypotension.

Background technique

Orthostatic Hypotension (OH) refers to a condition in which blood pressure drops by more than 20-30 mm Hg when switching from sitting or lying position to standing position. The prevalence of OH increases with age, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurological degenerative diseases. OH is more common in the elderly and is an important risk factor for syncope and fainting in the elderly, which can seriously affect the quality of life of patients. Currently, there is a lack of equipment for evaluating OH.

Summary of the invention

The present invention has been made in consideration of the above problems.

According to an aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for detecting orthostatic hypotension is provided. The apparatus includes: an input device, a memory, a processor, and an output device, wherein the input device is configured to receive an occurrence time of at least one of the supine events of the object to be detected and a time of occurrence of the at least one standing event of the object to be detected Time information, wherein the supine event and the standing event of the object to be detected alternately occur; the memory is used to store the program; the processor is used to run the program, wherein when the program is run in the processor, the following steps are performed: acquiring the object to be detected An initial parameter, the initial parameter includes a blood flow characteristic parameter of the object to be detected during the entire detection period of the object to be detected; and determining, according to the initial parameter and the time information, each of the supine events of the object to be detected in at least one of the supine events The lying period parameter of the time and the standing period parameter of each standing event in the at least one standing event of the object to be detected; and using the trained classifier to perform all the lying parameters and all standing period parameters of the object to be tested Analysis to determine the likelihood that the subject to be tested has orthostatic hypotension ; Output means for outputting the feedback information regarding the object to be detected is a possibility of orthostatic hypotension.

Illustratively, the initial parameters further include systolic and diastolic pressures at which each of the supine events of the subject to be detected occurs in at least one of the supine events, and each of the standing events in the at least one standing event occurs Systolic and diastolic blood pressure.

Illustratively, the input device is further configured to receive systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressure when each of the supine events of the object to be detected occurs in at least one of the supine events, and each of the standing events in the at least one standing event occurs User input information for systolic and diastolic pressure.

Illustratively, the apparatus further includes blood pressure measuring means for measuring systolic and diastolic pressures of each object in the at least one supine event and each standing event in the at least one standing event Systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the onset.

Illustratively, the device further includes an ultrasonic probe for transmitting ultrasonic waves to the object to be detected, receiving ultrasonic waves reflected by the object to be detected, and performing acoustic-electrical conversion on the ultrasonic waves reflected by the detecting object to obtain an echo signal; The pre-processing device is configured to perform pre-processing on the echo signal to obtain a Doppler signal of the object to be detected; and when the program is run in the processor, the initial parameters used to acquire the object to be detected include: according to the entire detection period The Doppler signal within is performed to calculate blood flow parameters to obtain blood flow characteristic parameters.

Illustratively, the at least one supine event comprises a first lying event and a second lying event, the at least one standing event comprising a first standing event, the first lying event, the first standing event and the second lying event occurring in sequence .

Illustratively, the time information includes first level information for indicating a first time of the first lying event, standing information for indicating a second time of the first standing event, and indicating the second lying event The second horizontal information of the third time; when the program is running in the processor, the initial parameter and the time information used for executing determine that the object to be detected is flat at the occurrence of each of the at least one supine event The step parameter and the standing period parameter of each of the standing events occurring in the at least one standing event include: determining a parameter value of the object to be detected at the first time according to the initial parameter and the first lying information, And determining, according to the parameter value at the first time, the first lying period parameter, wherein the first lying period parameter is a lying period parameter of the object to be detected when the first lying event occurs; according to the initial parameter and the standing information Determining a parameter value of the object to be detected at a second time, and determining a first standing period parameter according to the parameter value at the second time, wherein the first standing period parameter is to be detected a standing period parameter when the first standing event occurs; and determining a parameter value of the object to be detected at the third time according to the initial parameter and the second leveling information, and determining the second level according to the parameter value at the third time The lying parameter, wherein the second lying period parameter is a lying period parameter of the object to be detected when the second lying event occurs.

Illustratively, the first time is a set of time points including at least one time point in the first lying event, and the second time is a time including at least one time point in the first standing event occurrence process The point set, the third time is a set of time points including at least one time point in the second flat event occurrence process.

Illustratively, the first time is a time period during the occurrence of the first lying event, the second time is a time period during the occurrence of the first standing event, and the third time is a time period during the occurrence of the second lying event .

Illustratively, the input device is further configured to receive the standing start information for indicating the start of the first standing event and the lying start information for indicating the start of the second lying event; the output device is further configured to output the standing start information and the lying start Information for users to view.

Illustratively, the time information includes standing start information for indicating the start of the first standing event and supine start information for indicating the start of the second lying event, the initial parameters used for execution when the program is run in the processor And time information, determining a background parameter of the object to be detected when each of the at least one supine event occurs and a standing parameter of the object to be detected when each of the at least one standing event occurs The step includes: determining, according to the initial parameter and the start time of the entire detection period, the first lying period parameter of the object to be detected in the first duration of the first lying event, wherein the first lying period parameter is the object to be detected a prone period parameter at which the first supine event occurs; determining, according to at least the initial parameter and the standing start information, a first standing period parameter of the object to be detected during a second duration of the first standing event, wherein the first standing period The parameter is a standing period parameter of the object to be detected when the first standing event occurs; and at least according to the initial parameter and the flat starting information The second parameter in the third period supine duration of the second supine event object to be detected, wherein the second parameter of the lying supine on the object to be detected when the second parameter supine events.

Illustratively, the time interval between the start time of the first duration and the start time of the entire detection period is preset, and the time interval between the start time of the second duration and the start time of the first standing event is Preset, the time interval between the start time of the third duration and the start time of the second lying event is preset.

Illustratively, when the program is running in the processor, determining, according to at least the initial parameter and the start time of the entire detection period, the first lying period parameter of the object to be detected during the first duration of the first lying event The step of: monitoring the rate of change of cerebral blood flow during the first lying event of the object to be detected; if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow after the first lying event is outside the preset range at the first transition time If the transition is within the preset range, determining that any one time after the first transition time is the start time of the first duration, determining that the start time of the first standing event is the end time of the first duration, for the first duration The initial parameters of the time are averaged to obtain a first lying period parameter; wherein the starting moment of the first lying event is the starting time of the entire detecting period, the starting moment of the first standing event It is determined based on the standing start information.

Illustratively, when the program is running in the processor, determining, according to at least the initial parameter and the start time of the entire detection period, the first lying period parameter of the object to be detected during the first duration of the first lying event The steps include: if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow is always outside the preset range during the first supine event, or if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow is at the second transition time after the start of the first supine event Setting the outside of the range to be within the preset range, and the time interval between the second transition time and the start time of the first standing event is less than the preset time interval, generating first prompt information, where the first prompt information is used Prompting the user to manually input the first lying continuous information for indicating the first duration; and determining the first lying period parameter according to the initial parameter and the first lying continuous information; the output device is further configured to output the first prompt information to For the user to view; the input device is further configured to receive the first flat continuous information.

Illustratively, when the program is running in the processor, the step of determining, according to at least the initial parameter and the standing start information, the first standing period parameter of the object to be detected during the second duration of the first standing event, comprises: monitoring The rate of change of cerebral blood flow during the first standing event of the object to be detected; if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow after the start of the first standing event changes from being outside the preset range to being within the preset range at the third transition time Then, determining that any one time after the third transition time is the start time of the second duration, determining that the start time of the second lying event is the end time of the second duration, and finding the initial parameters of the second duration On average, a first standing period parameter is obtained; wherein the starting moment of the first standing event is determined based on the standing start information, and the starting moment of the second lying event is determined based on the lying start information.

Illustratively, the step of determining, according to at least the initial parameter and the standing start information, the first standing period parameter of the object to be detected during the second duration of the first standing event, when the program is running in the processor, comprises: if The rate of change of cerebral blood flow during the first standing event is always outside the preset range, or if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow after the start of the first standing event changes from being outside the preset range to being at the fourth transition time Within the preset range, and the time interval between the fourth transition time and the start time of the second lying event is less than the preset time interval, generating second prompt information, the second prompt information is used to prompt the user to manually input a standing duration information indicating a second duration; and determining a first standing period parameter according to the initial parameter and the standing duration information; the output device is further configured to output the second prompt information for viewing by the user; and the input device is further configured to receive the standing duration information .

Illustratively, when the program is running in the processor, determining, according to at least the initial parameter and the lying start information, determining the second lying period of the object to be detected during the third duration of the second lying event The step of counting includes: monitoring the rate of change of cerebral blood flow during the occurrence of the second lying event; if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow after the start of the second lying event is from the preset range If the external transition is within the preset range, determining that any one time after the fifth transition time is the start time of the third duration, determining that the end time of the entire detection period is the end time of the third duration, for the third duration The initial parameters of the time are averaged to obtain a second lying period parameter; wherein the starting moment of the second lying event is determined based on the lying start information.

Illustratively, when the program is running in the processor, the step of determining, according to at least the initial parameter and the lying start information, determining the second lying period parameter of the object to be detected during the third duration of the second lying event comprises: : If the rate of change of cerebral blood flow is always outside the preset range during the second supine event, or if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow after the second supine event starts from the preset range When the external transition is within the preset range, and the time interval between the sixth transition time and the end time of the entire detection period is less than the preset time interval, the third prompt information is generated, and the third prompt information is used to prompt the user to manually input a second leveling duration information for indicating a third duration; and determining a second leveling parameter according to the initial parameter and the second leveling duration information; the output device is further configured to output the third prompting information for the user to view; The input device is further configured to receive the second flat continuous information.

Illustratively, the output device is a display device. When the program is run in the processor, the program is further configured to: generate a blood flow trend graph according to blood flow characteristic parameters of the object to be detected throughout the detection period; and the output device is further used for Shows the trend of blood flow.

Illustratively, in the blood flow trend graph, two different ordinate axes are used to represent two different blood flow characteristic parameters of the object to be detected in the same coordinate system.

Illustratively, the input device is further configured to receive positive time information related to the occurrence time of the at least one supine event of the positive sample object having orthostatic hypotension and the occurrence time of the at least one standing event of the positive sample object, and receive and Negative time information relating to the occurrence time of at least one supine event of a negative sample subject without upright hypotension and the occurrence time of at least one standing event of the negative sample subject, wherein the supine event and the standing event of the positive sample object alternate Occurs, the supine event and the standing event of the negative sample object alternate; when the program is running in the processor, it is also used to perform the following steps: obtaining the positive initial parameter of the positive sample object and the negative initial parameter of the negative sample object, the initial initial parameter The blood flow characteristic parameter of the positive sample object in the whole detection period of the positive sample object, and the negative initial parameter includes the blood flow characteristic parameter of the negative sample object in the whole detection period of the negative sample object; determining according to the positive initial parameter and the positive time information Positive sample object in each of at least one of the supine events of the positive sample object Supine positive samples of parameters and object event occurs at each station at least one positive sample event object standing in a standing period parameter at the time of occurrence of the event; determining, based on the negative initial parameter and the negative time information, a lying period parameter and a negative sample object when each of the supine events of the negative sample object occurs in at least one of the supine events of the negative sample object a standing period parameter at the occurrence of each standing event in at least one standing event of the negative sample object; and all of the lying period parameters and all standing period parameters of the positive sample object and all of the lying period parameters of the negative sample object and all The standing period parameter trains the classifier model to obtain a trained classifier.

Illustratively, the blood flow characteristic parameters include a callback event parameter associated with the occurrence of a callback event of cerebrovascular velocity.

Illustratively, blood flow characteristic parameters include maximum systolic flow rate, mean flow rate, end-diastolic flow rate, pulsation index, resistance index, ratio of maximum systolic velocity to end-diastolic flow rate, heart rate, cardiac cycle, cerebral blood flow rate, average One or more of the parameters of the middle cerebral artery flow rate and the outcome of the callback event associated with the occurrence of a reversal event of cerebrovascular velocity.

Illustratively, the input device is further configured to receive parameter indication information for indicating a type of the blood flow characteristic parameter, and when the program is running in the processor, the step of acquiring the initial parameter of the object to be detected is performed: acquiring the parameter indication A blood flow characteristic parameter of the type indicated by the information.

Illustratively, the input device is further configured to receive personal information of the object to be detected, and when the program is run in the processor, the program is further configured to: select a corresponding classifier from the classifier database according to the personal information as the trained classification. Device.

The apparatus for detecting orthostatic hypotension according to an embodiment of the present invention is capable of autonomously and rapidly detecting orthostatic hypotension, and contributes to etiological research and prognosis analysis of orthostatic hypotension. The above equipment has great application value and broad market prospects.

DRAWINGS

The above as well as other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the embodiments of the invention. The drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the invention, In the figures, the same reference numerals generally refer to the same parts or steps.

1 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus for detecting orthostatic hypotension, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

2 shows a schematic diagram of a blood flow trend diagram according to an example of the present invention;

Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a blood flow trend diagram in accordance with another example of the present invention;

4 shows a schematic diagram of a blood flow trend diagram in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a blood flow trend diagram in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention.

detailed description

In order to make the objects, the technical solutions and the advantages of the present invention more apparent, the exemplary embodiments according to the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It is apparent that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention described herein without departing from the scope of the invention are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.

In order to solve the above problems, embodiments of the present invention provide an apparatus for detecting orthostatic hypotension. The device can automatically determine the possibility of the subject to be tested with orthostatic hypotension, thereby facilitating the etiology and prognosis analysis of orthostatic hypotension.

Hereinafter, an apparatus for detecting orthostatic hypotension according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 through 5.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic block diagram of an apparatus 100 for detecting orthostatic hypotension, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, device 100 includes a processor 102, a memory 104, an input device 106, and an output device 108 that are interconnected by a bus system 110 and/or other form of connection mechanism (not shown). It should be noted that the components and structures of the apparatus 100 shown in FIG. 1 are merely exemplary and not limiting, and the apparatus 100 may have other components and structures as needed.

The processor 102 can be a central processing unit (CPU), a microcontroller, a digital signal processor, an ARM processor, a System On Chip (SoC), or other form of processing with data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities. unit.

The memory 104 can include various forms of storage media, such as volatile memory and/or nonvolatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, a random access memory (RAM) and/or a cache or the like. The nonvolatile memory may include, for example, a read only memory (ROM), a hard disk, a flash memory, or the like. One or more program instructions may be stored on the storage medium, and the processor 102 may execute the program instructions to implement the functions implemented by the processor and/or other desired functions in the embodiments of the invention described below. Various data may also be stored in the computer readable storage medium, such as various data generated during the execution of the program instructions.

The input device 106 can be a device used by a user to input an instruction, which can include one or more of a keyboard, a mouse, a microphone, a touch screen, and the like.

The output device 108 can output various information (eg, images and/or sounds) to the outside (eg, a user), which can include one or more of a display, a speaker, and the like.

The principle of detecting orthostatic hypotension using the device 100 is described below. The human brain is a highly metabolic organ that typically consumes 15% of cardiac output and 20% of whole blood oxygen. Usually the carotid system supplies 80% of the metabolic blood flow to the brain, and the basilar artery system supplies the remaining 20%. Physiologically, cerebral blood flow is affected by systemic blood pressure, and changes in cerebral blood flow occur when systemic blood pressure rises and falls suddenly. At the same time, cerebral blood flow also has a certain ability to self-regulate. When the blood pressure of the brain changes, the blood vessels will automatically expand or contract to maintain a constant blood flow to the brain. In addition, the functional activities of the brain also affect cerebral blood flow, which usually increases in a few seconds after the increase in brain metabolism.

For normal people, standing pressure (or lying flat) requires more pressure to deliver blood to the brain. When a normal person changes from a supine position to a standing position, the output of the heart still maintains the output at the beginning, but at this time, higher pressure is required to deliver the blood to the brain, so that an instantaneous blood flow velocity (ie, a flow rate) occurs. ) decline, especially in the diastolic blood flow rate. Because the original pressure during diastole is lower, the blood flow velocity will be more obvious, resulting in an increase in the pulsatility index (PI), a decrease in the mean flow velocity Vm and the end-diastolic velocity Vd. When the blood supply is insufficient, normal The human body will compensate quickly, the heart beats faster, the blood supply increases, and all parameters will rise rapidly at this time, and the parameter value will appear a short high value due to the need to compensate for the missing blood volume. Then the blood supply demand and supply are gradually balanced. , enters the plateau. Because the standing position requires more pressure, the heart rate will be slightly higher than the supine position, and the flow rate will be slightly lower than the supine position.

When a normal person switches from a standing position to a supine position, a rapid rise in the flow rate occurs because the pressure is instantaneously lowered. As time goes by, the flow rate will gradually approach steady. Since the human body compensates for changes in blood flow in a short period of time, the rate of body position conversion is required to be fast enough, and the recommended value is no more than 8 seconds. If the body position conversion is too slow, due to the adaptive changes of the human body, the change characteristics will disappear.

For patients with orthostatic hypotension, blood pressure drops and cerebral blood flow decreases when standing. In patients with mild disease and good prognosis, intracranial circulation can be ensured when the supine position is changed to the standing position. There is no need for regulatory changes in the resistance of the cerebrovascular, and there is no PI value and resistance index (RI). Changes in values; patients with severe disease and poor prognosis may have a regulatory change in cerebral vascular resistance from a supine position to a standing position, manifested as abnormal cerebral vasoconstriction, ie, an increase in PI and RI values. A high platform shape cerebral blood flow trend curve.

In short, for normal people and people with orthostatic hypotension, the changes in blood flow characteristic parameters associated with cerebral blood flow are different when switching between supine and standing positions. The difference in the regularity can distinguish whether the object to be detected has orthostatic hypotension.

The function of the various components of device 100 is described below. The input device 106 is configured to receive time information related to an occurrence time of at least one lying event of the object to be detected and an occurrence time of at least one standing event of the object to be detected, wherein the supine event and the standing event of the object to be detected alternate . The memory 104 is used to store programs. The processor 102 is configured to run a program, where the program, when running in the processor 102, is configured to perform the following steps: acquiring an initial parameter of the object to be detected, where the initial parameter includes the object to be detected during the entire detection period of the object to be detected a blood flow characteristic parameter; determining, according to the initial parameter and the time information, a lying period parameter of each of the supine events in the at least one supine event and each of the at least one standing event of the object to be detected The standing period parameter at the time of the standing event; and using the trained classifier to analyze all of the lying period parameters and all standing period parameters of the test subject to determine the likelihood that the subject to be detected has orthostatic hypotension. The output device 108 is for outputting feedback information regarding the possibility that the object to be detected has orthostatic hypotension.

The supine event of the object to be detected (the event in which the object to be detected remains in the supine position) and the standing event (the event in which the object to be detected remains in the standing position) alternately occur, and the number and order of the supine and standing events are not performed herein. limit. In the first example, the object to be detected may first lie flat and then stand, that is, a supine event and a standing event occur in sequence. In the second example, the object to be detected may stand first, then lie flat, and then stand again, that is, one standing event, one supine event, and another standing event. In the third example, the object to be detected may be first lying down, then standing, and then lying down, ie, one supine event, one standing event, and another lying event. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above three examples. Herein, the present invention is mainly described by taking a third example as an example.

In one example, the time at which the initial parameter or the blood flow characteristic parameter included in the initial parameter is started may be taken as the start time of the "whole detection period" described herein, and the blood flow characteristics included in the initial parameter or the initial parameter may be used. The time at which the parameter stops collecting is taken as the end time of the "full detection period". In another example, information about the start time and end time of the entire detection period may be input by the user through the input device 106.

An exemplary detection process for an object to be detected is described below.

Illustratively, the object to be detected may be first commanded to be supine for a period of time (about 2-5 minutes) to stabilize the physiological parameters of the object to be detected. Then, the object to be detected is commanded to stand, and the object to be detected is quickly converted from the supine position to the upright position after receiving the command, and the operation needs to be very fast (generally within 8 seconds). Finally, the object to be detected remains in a standing position for a period of time, generally 3 minute. Finally, the object to be detected can be commanded to return to the supine position, and the object to be detected is kept in a supine position for 2 to 3 minutes. The conversion of the object to be detected from supine to standing is a key link. A typical implementation method is completed by the object to be detected itself. When the ability of the object to be detected is insufficient to complete, it can be assisted by the assistant to complete it quickly. Another possibility is to use a bed that can be rotated automatically, so that the object to be detected completes the transition from lying to standing within a prescribed time, but it is required that the object to be detected is normally standing when standing.

During the detection period of the object to be detected, the blood flow characteristic parameter of the object to be detected may be monitored. Blood flow characteristic parameters can be acquired using a transcranial Doppler (TCD) device. Through the fixed head frame, the bilateral cerebral artery (MCA) of the test subject is examined with a TCD probe, and the depth of detection can generally be adjusted to the M1 segment of the MCA (about 50-60 cm). Alternatively, the blood pressure measurement device may be used to measure the blood pressure in a specific body position (standing position or supine position) during the detection period of the object to be detected. For example, blood pressure measurements can be taken at the time of the first supine event, at the time of the standing event, and when the second lying event occurs. In addition, a real-time blood pressure measuring device can also be used to continuously monitor the blood pressure of the object to be detected.

Illustratively, the blood flow characteristic parameter of the subject to be detected may include a callback event parameter associated with the occurrence of a rebound of the cerebrovascular velocity (Blunted mCBFV rebound). The reversal event of cerebrovascular velocity can be defined as the occurrence of a brain if the mean middle cerebral artery velocity (mCBFV) value returns to the baseline value within the supine position within 30 seconds after the standing event occurs. The reversal of the vascular velocity is a setback event, otherwise it is considered that this event has not occurred. Studies have shown that there is a strong correlation between the presence or absence of orthostatic hypotension and the occurrence of a rebound event in cerebrovascular velocity, that is, the occurrence of a rebound event in cerebrovascular velocity is a condition that can be used to assess erect A more important feature of sexual hypotension, so blood flow characteristic parameters may include at least the above-mentioned callback event parameters.

Illustratively, the blood flow characteristic parameters of the object to be detected may include a systolic maximum flow velocity Vs, an average flow velocity Vm, a diastolic flow velocity Vd, a pulsation index PI, a resistance index RI, a ratio of a maximum systolic velocity to a end-diastolic flow velocity (Vs/ Vd), heart rate HR, cardiac cycle, cerebral variance rate (CVR), mean middle cerebral artery flow rate, and one of the parameters of the callback event related to the occurrence of a reversal event of cerebrovascular velocity Multiple.

For example, the input device 106 is further configured to receive parameter indication information for indicating a type of a blood flow characteristic parameter. When the program is run in the processor 102, the step of acquiring the initial parameter of the object to be detected is performed by: The blood flow characteristic parameter of the type indicated by the parameter indication information is obtained.

The blood flow characteristic parameters participating in the detection of orthostatic hypotension specifically include which types of parameters can be set by the user according to the needs, which facilitates the user to adjust the parameters, is beneficial to improve the detection performance of the device, and is also beneficial to enhance the user. Experience. The user is the operator of the device 100, and may be the object to be detected himself or other people.

The blood flow characteristic parameters selected by the user can be displayed in real time in the form of a blood flow trend graph. Illustratively, the output device 108 is a display device. When the program is run in the processor 102, the program is further configured to: generate a blood flow trend graph according to blood flow characteristic parameters of the object to be detected throughout the detection period; and output device 108 Also used to display blood flow trend graphs.

The cardiac cycle is a basic unit of analysis. Most physiological parameters vary with the cardiac cycle. Therefore, for certain blood flow characteristic parameters (such as the maximum systolic velocity Vs), one data can be obtained for each cardiac cycle. After a period of time, for a certain blood flow characteristic parameter, a series of offline data points can be obtained. By plotting these data points on a two-dimensional coordinate system, you can get a curve. The abscissa of the two-dimensional coordinate system represents time, and the ordinate represents the size of the blood flow characteristic parameter. An image of a curve containing blood flow characteristic parameters may be referred to as a blood flow trend map. On the blood flow trend graph, the curves of different blood flow characteristic parameters can be represented by different colors for differentiation.

Figure 2 shows a schematic diagram of a blood flow trend diagram in accordance with one example of the present invention. The blood flow trend graph shown in Figure 2 was generated by a standing position experiment for normal people. In the example shown in FIG. 2, three blood flow characteristic parameters of the systolic maximum flow velocity Vs, the average flow velocity Vm, and the heart rate HR are monitored. Since the units of the above three blood flow characteristic parameters are not completely identical, the ordinate represents only the value of the blood flow characteristic parameter (ie, the ordinate does not include the unit). In Figure 2, two states are indicated in two colors on the abscissa axis, where darker black indicates the subject is in the supine position and lighter gray indicates the subject is in the standing position. Time period. The blood flow characteristic parameter shown in Figure 2 is the parameter of the left channel. The parameters of the right channel can be displayed independently, or the parameters of the left channel and the parameters of the right channel can be displayed in the same blood flow trend graph for comparison. According to clinical needs, the actual display content and display form of the blood flow trend map can be flexibly adjusted. The blood flow characteristic parameters are displayed in real time, which is convenient for the user to view and mark, and is also convenient for the user to perform self-modification.

Since different blood flow characteristic parameters may have different units, it may be displayed in the same blood flow trend graph that there may be a problem that the numerical difference is too large and the display effect is not good. Illustratively, in the blood flow trend graph, two different blood flow characteristic parameters having different units of the object to be detected may be respectively represented by two different ordinate axes in the same coordinate system. Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of a blood flow trend diagram in accordance with another example of the present invention. As shown in Figure 3, the ordinate on the left side represents the maximum flow rate Vs during systole, and its unit is PCT. The meter/second value ranges from 30 to 65; the ordinate on the right side represents the pulsation index PI, which ranges from 0.6 to 2.0. The blood flow trend graph shown in Figure 3 can be compatible with two blood flow characteristic parameters with different units. It will be understood that two blood flow characteristic parameters having the same unit can still be represented by the same ordinate axis. That is, the blood flow trend graph shown in Figure 3 can be compatible with more than two blood flow characteristic parameters. By using different ordinate axes to represent different blood flow characteristic parameters, it is possible to solve the above problem that the display effect is not good due to excessive numerical difference of different blood flow characteristic parameters.

The initial parameters of the object to be detected acquired by the processor 102 include the blood flow characteristic parameters described above. Optionally, the initial parameter may further comprise a systolic blood pressure (DBP (in millimeters of mercury) and a diastolic blood pressure (SBP, in millimeters of mercury) of each object in the at least one supine event of the object to be detected. And systolic and diastolic pressure at the onset of each standing event in at least one standing event. Blood pressure can also be used as a parameter to assess orthostatic hypotension. Adding blood pressure data can help device 100 obtain more accurate results.

In order to distinguish which event was collected when the initial parameter occurred, it is necessary to acquire time information related to the occurrence of the supine event and the standing event of the object to be detected. For example, when the user commands the object to be detected to transition from the supine position to the standing position, the user can input indication information (ie, the time information) to the device 100 through the input device 106 to indicate the start of the standing event. According to the time information input by the user, the occurrence time of the supine event and the standing event can be known.

The processor 102 can determine each of the supine events and the physiological parameters of the object to be detected when each standing event occurs based on the initial parameters and time information. For example, the processor 102 can determine blood flow characteristic parameters when the first lying event occurs, blood flow characteristic parameters when the standing event occurs, and blood flow characteristic parameters when the second lying event occurs. Each of the supine events and the physiological parameters at the time of each standing event are entered into the trained classifier. The classifier can output the possibility that the object to be detected has orthostatic hypotension. The possibility that the object to be detected has orthostatic hypotension can be expressed by a confidence degree. For example, the confidence level may be 0 or 1, 1 indicates that the subject to be detected has orthostatic hypotension, and 0 indicates that the subject to be detected does not have orthostatic hypotension. As another example, the confidence level can be any value between 0 and 1.

The apparatus for detecting orthostatic hypotension according to an embodiment of the present invention determines whether the object to be detected has orthostatic hypotension according to at least a blood flow characteristic parameter, and the device can detect the erect autonomously and quickly. Hypotension helps to conduct etiological studies and prognostic analysis of orthostatic hypotension. The above equipment has great application value and broad market prospects.

Illustratively, the device 100 described above can be implemented with an embedded device. The device 100 implemented by the embedded device has high specificity, high reliability and low cost. Device 100 can be an improved ultrasound Puller equipment (ie, ultrasound transcranial Doppler flow analyzer). The improved ultrasound Doppler device has the ability to perform an ultrasound Doppler examination to detect blood flow characteristic parameters of a subject to be detected. Meanwhile, the improved ultrasonic Doppler device comprises an embedded processing chip and a storage medium, and the storage medium stores a program, and the program can determine whether the object to be detected has an orthostatic hypotension according to blood flow characteristic parameters when running in the processing chip. .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the apparatus 100 may further include an ultrasonic probe and an early processing device (not shown) for transmitting ultrasonic waves to the object to be detected, receiving ultrasonic waves reflected by the object to be detected, and performing ultrasonic waves reflected by the object to be detected. Acoustic power conversion to obtain an echo signal; the pre-processing device is configured to perform pre-processing on the echo signal to obtain a Doppler signal of the object to be detected; and when the program is run in the processor 102, the object to be detected is used for execution The initial parameters include: blood flow parameter calculation based on the Doppler signal throughout the detection period to obtain blood flow characteristic parameters.

Apparatus 100 can include an ultrasound probe and a pre-processing device. The pre-processing device may include components such as an amplifier, an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), a demodulation module, and the like. After the echo probe acquires the echo signal, the echo signal is sent to the pre-processing device, and after obtaining a series of operations such as amplification, analog-to-digital conversion, and demodulation, an effective Doppler signal of the object to be detected is obtained. The processor is connected to the pre-processing device, and the pre-processing device sends the Doppler signal to the processor for processing. In the processor, blood flow parameter calculation is performed according to the Doppler signal throughout the detection period, and blood flow characteristic parameters of the object to be detected are obtained throughout the detection period. Those skilled in the art can understand the manner of calculating the blood flow characteristic parameters according to the Doppler signal, which will not be described herein.

Integrating the functions of transcranial Doppler examination and orthostatic hypotension detection on the same device can reduce data transmission time, thereby improving the detection efficiency of the device, and the integrated device is convenient for user operation and management. In addition, such an integrated device can perform conventional transcranial Doppler examination and also achieve orthostatic hypotension detection, which is a very valuable device.

As described above, the initial parameters may further include systolic and diastolic pressures of the subject to be detected at each of the at least one supine event and contraction at the occurrence of each of the at least one standing event Pressure and diastolic pressure. The systolic and diastolic pressures of the subject to be tested can be obtained in a variety of ways, as described below.

In one example, the input device 106 can be further configured to receive systolic and diastolic pressures for each of the supine events in the at least one supine event of the subject to be detected and each of the standing events in the at least one standing event User input information for systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the time of occurrence.

An independent blood pressure measuring device (such as a conventional sphygmomanometer) can be used to measure the object to be detected in each Systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the time of a supine or standing event. Further, the systolic pressure and the diastolic pressure of the object to be detected obtained by the measurement at the time of occurrence of each supine event or standing event may be sequentially input to the device 100 by the user via the input device 106. Alternatively, the systolic and diastolic pressures of the current event may be input each time a supine or standing event occurs, or the systolic blood pressure at the time of occurrence of all supine events and standing events may be uniformly input after the end of the entire detection period. Diastolic pressure. It should be noted that if it is desired to measure the systolic pressure and diastolic pressure of the object to be detected when an event (for example, the first standing event) occurs, it is preferable that a period of time occurs in the event (eg, the first standing event). Systolic and diastolic blood pressures are measured after (generally 2 minutes) to measure a relatively stable blood pressure value.

In another example, the device 100 can further include a blood pressure measuring device (not shown) for measuring systolic and diastolic pressures of the subject to be detected at each of the at least one supine event and at least Systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the onset of each standing event in a standing event.

According to the present example, the blood pressure measuring device can be further integrated in the device 100. Illustratively, the blood pressure measuring device can be directly or indirectly coupled to the processor 102, and the blood pressure measuring device can transmit the systolic and diastolic pressures of the object to be detected obtained by the measurement to the processor 102 for processing.

In determining the prone parameters of each supine event and the stance parameters for each standing event, two ways can be used to determine which period of initial parameters participate in the calculation of the supine or standing period parameters: The species is a manual determination method, and the other is an automatic determination method. The manual determination method will first be described below.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the time information comprises first flat information for indicating a first time of the first lying event, standing information for indicating a second time of the first standing event, and for indicating the second lying Second horizontal information of the third time of the event; when the program is run in the processor 102, determining, according to the initial parameter and the time information, the each object to be detected is in each of the at least one supine event The step of the lying period when the event occurs and the standing period parameter when each standing event of the object to be detected occurs in at least one standing event comprises: determining the object to be detected at the first time according to the initial parameter and the first lying information a parameter value, and determining a first lying period parameter according to the parameter value at the first time, wherein the first lying period parameter is a lying period parameter of the object to be detected when the first lying event occurs; The initial parameter and the standing information determine a parameter value of the object to be detected at the second time, and determine a first standing period parameter according to the parameter value at the second time, wherein the first standing The parameter is a standing period parameter of the object to be detected when the first standing event occurs; and determining a parameter value of the object to be detected at the third time according to the initial parameter and the second leveling information, and according to the parameter value at the third time Determining a second lying period parameter, wherein the second lying period parameter is that the object to be detected is sent in the second lying event The lying period parameters during birth.

The first time may be a set of time points composed of one time point or multiple time points, or may be a continuous time period. The second time and the third time are similar to the first time and will not be described again.

In one example, the first time is a time period during which the first lying event occurs, the second time is a time period during which the first standing event occurs, and the third time is a time during the second lying event segment. The present embodiment will be described in detail below.

Illustratively, the time information includes first supine duration information for indicating a first duration of the first lying event (ie, a first time, which is a time period), a second for indicating a first standing event The standing duration information of the duration (ie, the second time, which is a time period) and the second duration of the third duration (ie, the third time, which is a time period) for indicating the second lying event Information; when the program is running in the processor 102, the initial parameter and the time information used to perform the determination of the lying period parameter of the object to be detected in each of the at least one supine event occurs and The step of detecting a standing period parameter when each standing event of the at least one standing event occurs includes determining a first lying period parameter of the object to be detected for a first duration according to the initial parameter and the first lying continuous information The first lying period parameter is a lying period parameter of the object to be detected when the first lying event occurs; determining the object to be detected in the second last according to the initial parameter and the standing standing information a first standing period parameter, wherein the first standing period parameter is a standing period parameter of the object to be detected when the first standing event occurs; and determining the object to be detected in the third according to the initial parameter and the second lying continuous information The second lying period parameter of the duration, wherein the second lying period parameter is a lying period parameter of the object to be detected when the second lying event occurs.

The user can directly input an instruction indicating which time period is the time period of the first lying event (ie, the first duration), which time period is the time period of the first standing event (ie, the second duration), and which time period is the second lying position The time period of the event (ie the third duration). 4 shows a schematic diagram of a blood flow trend diagram in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 4, the start time and the end time of the first duration may be marked on the blood flow trend graph by the vertical line L1 and the vertical line L2, and the start time of the second duration is marked by the vertical line L3 and the vertical line L4. At the end time, the start time and the end time of the third duration are marked by the vertical line L5 and the vertical line L6. The manner of marking the first duration, the second duration, and the third duration on the blood flow trend graph is only an example, and the user may directly compare the time value corresponding to the first duration and the time value corresponding to the second duration. The time value corresponding to the third duration is input to the device 100 by, for example, keyboard input or voice input.

Illustratively, processor 102 may average each blood flow characteristic parameter for a first duration of time. The average value of each blood flow characteristic parameter obtained was taken as the first lying period parameter. For example, the systolic maximum flow velocity Vs for the first duration may be averaged, and the average value obtained is regarded as the systolic maximum flow velocity Vs of the object to be detected when the first lying event occurs. A similar averaging operation is performed on all blood flow characteristic parameters included in the initial parameters to obtain a first lying period parameter. The calculation method of the first standing period parameter and the second lying period parameter is similar to the calculation method of the first lying period parameter, and details are not described herein again.

In another example, the first time is a set of time points including at least one time point in the first flat event occurrence process, and the second time is a time point set including at least one time point in the first standing event occurrence process The third time is a set of time points including at least one time point during the occurrence of the second lying event.

The user can directly input an instruction indicating which time points are the time points of the first lying event, which time points are the time points of the first standing event, and which time points are the time points of the second lying event. Figure 5 shows a schematic diagram of a blood flow trend diagram in accordance with another embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, a time point in the process of the first lying event can be marked on the blood flow trend graph by the vertical line L1, and the first standing event occurrence process is marked by the vertical line L2, the vertical line L3 and the vertical line L4. At three time points, the vertical line L5 and the vertical line L6 mark two time points in the process of the second lying event. The manner of marking the time point on the blood flow trend graph is only an example, and the user can directly input the time value corresponding to the time point into the device 100 by, for example, keyboard input or voice input.

The processor 102 can determine the parameter values at each point in time. With continued reference to FIG. 5, for the first lying event, only the parameter value at one time point (including the systolic maximum flow rate Vs, the average flow rate Vm, and the heart rate HR at the time point) is obtained, and the first lying period parameter includes The parameter value at the point in time marked by the vertical line L1. For the first standing event, the parameter values at three time points are obtained. An average of each blood flow characteristic parameter can be calculated, the first standing period parameter including an average of each of the three blood flow characteristic parameters. The calculation of the second lying period parameter is similar and will not be described again.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the input device 106 may be further configured to receive the standing start information for indicating the start of the first standing event and the lying start information for indicating the start of the second lying event; the output device 108 may also be configured to output Stand start information and flat start information for users to view.

As described above, the user can command the object to be detected to make a supine motion or a standing motion, in which case the time of the user's command can be issued as the start time of the supine event or the standing event. For example, the user can communicate a standing command to the object to be detected in a spoken language, and can record the start of the standing event by means of keyboard input or voice input. The recording method may be, for example, marking on a blood flow trend graph, and the marked moment is the start time of the standing event.

The output device 108 can output the standing start information and the flat start information. As shown in FIG. 4, two different states of the object to be detected are represented by different colors on the abscissa axis of the blood flow trend graph, wherein the darker black indicates the time period in which the object to be detected is in the supine position, which is shallow. Gray indicates the period of time during which the object to be detected is in the standing position. The blood flow trend diagram shown in FIG. 4 includes the standing start information and the flat start information. From the blood flow trend graph, the user can see the occurrence time of each event very intuitively, which can facilitate the user to select the appropriate and correct time period as the first duration, the second duration and the third duration. .

An embodiment in which an automatic determination manner is used to determine which period of initial parameters participates in the calculation of the lying period parameter or the standing period parameter is described below.

According to an embodiment of the invention, the time information includes standing start information for indicating the start of the first standing event and lying start information for indicating the start of the second lying event, the program being used when operating in the processor 102 Performing, according to the initial parameter and the time information, determining a background parameter of the object to be detected when each of the at least one supine event occurs and each standing event of the object to be detected in at least one standing event occurs The step of the standing period parameter includes: determining, according to at least the initial parameter and the start time of the entire detection period, the first lying period parameter of the object to be detected during the first duration of the first lying event, wherein the first lying period The parameter is a lying period parameter of the object to be detected when the first lying event occurs; determining, according to at least the initial parameter and the standing start information, the first standing period parameter of the object to be detected during the second duration of the first standing event, wherein The first standing period parameter is a standing period parameter of the object to be detected when the first standing event occurs; and at least according to the initial parameter and The lying start information determines a second lying period parameter of the object to be detected during a third duration of the second lying event, wherein the second lying period parameter is a supine position of the object to be detected when the second lying event occurs Period parameters.

Three events occur in sequence during the entire detection period: a first lying event, a first standing event, and a second lying event, so the processor 102 can be based on the standing start information for indicating the start of the first standing event and for indicating the second The supine start information of the start of the supine event determines the respective occurrence times of the first supine event, the first standing event, and the second lying event. Of course, the time information is not limited to the standing start information and the flat start information, which may further include other information related to the occurrence time of the event.

A period of time (ie, the first duration) may be selected during the occurrence of the first lying event, and the initial parameters (especially blood flow characteristic parameters) during the first duration are averaged, and the average value obtained is calculated As the first lying period parameter. The calculation method of the first standing period parameter and the second lying period parameter is similar to the calculation method of the first lying period parameter, and will not be described again.

In one example, between the start time of the first duration and the start time of the entire detection period The time interval is preset, and the time interval between the start time of the second duration and the start time of the first standing event is preset, the start time of the third duration and the start time of the second lay event The time interval between them is preset.

The first duration may be a period of time required to calculate an average of the initial parameters during the occurrence of the first lying event. Preferably, the parameters of the object to be detected (including blood flow characteristic parameters) during the first duration are relatively stable. After the supine event, the blood flow characteristic parameters usually fluctuate greatly in the previous period of time. After a period of time, for example, 60 seconds, the parameter value will be relatively stable. For example, when the object to be detected is converted from the standing position to the supine position, the calculation is started from the start time of the supine event, and after 60 seconds, the blood flow characteristic parameter of the object to be detected is considered to be substantially stable, and various blood can be calculated. The average of the flow characteristic parameters. That is, assuming that the first supine event occurs at time 00:00:00, various blood flow characteristic parameters can be accumulated at time 00:01:00. Further assuming that the first duration is 30 seconds, the average of various blood flow characteristic parameters during the period from 00:01:00 to 00:01:30 can be calculated to obtain the first lying period parameter. If the initial parameters include the systolic and diastolic pressures of the object to be detected at the time of the first supine event and the systolic and diastolic pressures only include a unique value, the systolic and diastolic pressures may not be treated, and the obtained A pacing parameter includes the systolic and diastolic pressures. If the initial parameters include the systolic and diastolic pressures of the object to be detected at the time of the first supine event and the systolic and diastolic pressures each include a plurality of values, the systolic and diastolic pressures may also be averaged separately, obtained The first prone parameters include the mean of systolic blood pressure and the average of diastolic blood pressure.

In the above example, the start time of the first duration and the start time of the first lying event are different by 60 seconds, which is a preset, and the implementation is relatively simple and the calculation amount is small. The second duration and the third duration are similar to the determination of the first duration and will not be described again.

In one example, the program, when executed in the processor 104, determines, based on at least the initial parameter and the start time of the entire detection period, the first object to be detected in the first duration of the first flat event The step of the lying period parameter includes: monitoring the rate of change of cerebral blood flow during the occurrence of the first lying event; if the rate of change of the cerebral blood flow is at the first transition time after the start of the first lying event Setting the outside of the range to be within the preset range, determining that any one time after the first transition time is the start time of the first duration, determining that the start time of the first standing event is the end time of the first duration, And averaging the initial parameters in the first duration to obtain a first lying period parameter; wherein, the starting moment of the first lying event is the starting time of the entire detecting period, and the starting moment of the first standing event is based on the standing starting information determine.

When the blood flow characteristic parameter is in a stationary phase, the cerebral blood flow rate of change (CVR) is generally around zero. For example, a range (ie, a preset range) may be preset, for example, (-10°, +10°). If the CVR is within a preset range, the blood flow characteristic parameter may be considered to be in a stationary period, if the CVR is in advance Outside the range, the blood flow characteristic parameters can be considered to be in a period of volatility. If the CVR transitions from being outside the preset range to being within the preset range, any time after the transition time (including the transition time) can be determined as the start time of the supine event or the standing event. Assume that the object to be detected is converted from the standing position to the supine position at time 00:02:15, and the CVR is outside the preset range during the time period of 00:02:15 to 00:03:50, at time 00: After the CVR transitions to the preset range after 03:50, it can start from time 00:03:50 and select the blood flow characteristic parameters and calculate the average value at any time after the time.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the program is running in the processor 102, determining, according to at least an initial parameter and a start time of the entire detection period, determining that the object to be detected is in the first duration of the first lying event The steps of a pacing parameter include: if the cerebral blood flow rate of change is always outside the preset range during the first supine event, or if the cerebral blood flow rate of change is second after the first supine event begins Generating a first prompt information, the transition time is changed from being outside the preset range to being within the preset range, and the time interval between the second transition moment and the start moment of the first standing event is less than the preset time interval, a prompt message for prompting the user to manually input the first horizontal lying continuous information for indicating the first duration; and determining the first lying period parameter according to the initial parameter and the first lying continuous information; the output device 108 is further configured to output The first prompt information is for the user to view; the input device 106 is further configured to receive the first flat continuous information.

Illustratively, monitoring for CVR can be continuous, real-time monitoring, or monitoring performed at regular intervals. For example, the CVR can be detected every 30 seconds to determine if it is within the preset range. During the occurrence of the first supine event, if it is found that the CVR has been unable to fall within the preset range, that is, the blood flow characteristic parameter is always in the fluctuation period, the first prompt information may be output to prompt the user to manually input the first duration. , thereby determining the first plateau parameter. In addition, during the first lying event, if the CVR finally falls within the preset range, but the second transition moment that falls within the preset range is away from the beginning of the first standing event (ie, the first lying event) The time interval of the end time is too short, and less than the preset time interval, the first prompt information may also be output. The preset time interval may be the time required to accumulate enough blood flow characteristic parameters to average. In addition, when setting the preset time interval, it is also possible to consider the time required to ensure the stability of the blood flow characteristic parameters. Since the blood flow characteristic parameters are not stable enough when the two events are converted, setting the preset time interval can avoid using no Stable blood flow characteristic parameters to determine the first lying period parameter and thus result in inaccurate detection results.

In one example, the program, when executed in the processor 102, determines, based on at least the initial parameters and the standing start information, the first standing period parameter of the object to be detected during the second duration of the first standing event. The step includes: monitoring a rate of change of cerebral blood flow during the first standing event of the object to be detected; if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow after the start of the first standing event is changed from being outside the preset range to being at the third transition time Within a preset range, determining that any one time after the third transition time is the start time of the second duration, determining that the start time of the second lying event is the end time of the second duration, for the second duration The initial parameters are averaged to obtain a first standing period parameter; wherein the start time of the first standing event is determined based on the standing start information, and the starting time of the second lying event is determined based on the lying start information.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the program is running in the processor 102, determining, according to at least an initial parameter and the standing start information, the first standing period parameter of the object to be detected during the second duration of the first standing event The steps include: if the cerebral blood flow change rate is always outside the preset range during the first standing event, or if the cerebral blood flow change rate is at the preset range after the first standing event After the transition to the preset range, and the time interval between the fourth transition moment and the start time of the second lying event is less than the preset time interval, the second prompt information is generated, and the second prompt information is used for prompting The user manually inputs the standing duration information for indicating the second duration; and determines the first standing period parameter according to the initial parameter and the standing duration information; the output device 108 is further configured to output the second prompt information for the user to view; the input device 106 Also used to receive standing continuation information.

In one example, when the program is run in the processor 102, the second lying period of the third duration of the second lying event is determined based on at least the initial parameter and the lying start information. The step of the parameter comprises: monitoring a rate of cerebral blood flow change of the object to be detected during the second lying event; if the rate of change of the cerebral blood flow after the start of the second lying event is from a preset range If the external transition is within the preset range, determining that any one time after the fifth transition time is the start time of the third duration, determining that the end time of the entire detection period is the end time of the third duration, for the third duration The initial parameters of the time are averaged to obtain a second lying period parameter; wherein the starting moment of the second lying event is determined based on the lying start information.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the program is run in the processor 102, the second supine object for determining the object to be detected in the third duration of the second lying event is determined according to at least the initial parameter and the lying start information. The steps of the parameters include: if the cerebral blood flow changes during the second supine event The rate is always outside the preset range, or if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow after the start of the second supine event changes from being outside the preset range to being within the preset range at the sixth transition time, and the sixth transition moment And generating a third prompt information, where the third prompt information is used to prompt the user to manually input the second horizontal continuous information for indicating the third duration, where the time interval between the end time of the entire detection period is less than the preset time interval; And determining a second lying period parameter according to the initial parameter and the second lying continuous information; the output device 108 is further configured to output the third prompt information for the user to view; and the input device 106 is further configured to receive the second flat continuous information.

The second duration and the third duration may also be determined by monitoring the CVR during the first standing event and the second lying event. The manner in which the second duration and the third duration are determined may be understood with reference to the above description of an embodiment for monitoring the CVR to determine the first duration, and will not be described again.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the input device 106 is further configured to receive positive time information related to an occurrence time of at least one lying event of the positive sample object having orthostatic hypotension and an occurrence time of at least one standing event of the positive sample object, And receiving negative time information relating to the occurrence time of at least one supine event of the negative sample subject not having orthostatic hypotension and the occurrence time of at least one standing event of the negative sample subject, wherein the positive sample object is lying down and The standing events alternate, the supine events and the standing events of the negative sample object alternate; when the program is run in the processor 102, the program is further configured to perform the following steps: obtaining the positive initial parameters of the positive sample object and the negative of the negative sample object The initial parameter, the positive initial parameter includes a blood flow characteristic parameter of the positive sample object during the entire detection period of the positive sample object, and the negative initial parameter includes the blood flow characteristic parameter of the negative sample object during the entire detection period of the negative sample object; Parameter and positive time information to determine at least one flat of the positive sample object in the positive sample object a prone parameter at the occurrence of each supine event in the event and a stance parameter at the occurrence of each standing event of the positive sample object in at least one standing event of the positive sample object; based on the negative initial parameter and the negative time information, Determining a lay-up parameter at which each of the supine events of the negative sample object occurs in at least one of the supine events of the negative sample object and each of the standing events in the at least one standing event of the negative sample object Stand-up parameters; and training the classifier model using all of the lay-up parameters of the positive sample object and all of the standing-time parameters and all of the lay-up parameters of the negative sample object and all of the standing-stage parameters to obtain a trained classifier.

Illustratively, the classifier model described herein can be implemented using any suitable classifier that may or may not be present in the future, such as Bayesian classifiers, support vector machines, neural networks, and decision trees. It is known which of the persons who are samples have orthostatic hypotension and who do not have orthostatic hypotension. A person with orthostatic hypotension can be used as a positive sample object, and a person without upright hypotension can be used as a negative sample object, and all the lying parameters and all standing parameters of each sample object can be input into the classifier model. The classifier model is trained to narrow the gap between the results of the classifier model output and the actual situation to an acceptable level to obtain a trained classifier.

Illustratively, a set of rules may be preset such that the number of events involved, including the standing events and the flat events, are as consistent as possible during the training process of the classifier and during the actual application process.

By the above method, a classifier with high accuracy can be trained, and the classifier can be used to determine whether the subject has orthostatic hypotension easily, conveniently, and quickly. The use of the classifier to determine whether the object to be detected has orthostatic hypotension is an autonomous and intelligent detection method, which can greatly save manpower and improve detection efficiency and accuracy.

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the input device 106 is further configured to receive personal information of the object to be detected, and when the program is run in the processor 102, the program is further configured to perform the following steps: selecting a corresponding category from the classifier database according to the personal information. As a trained classifier.

The personal information may include the age and/or gender of the subject to be detected. It can be understood that the physiological parameters of the human body are directly related to age, gender and the like. Thus, the classification can be optionally performed by age and/or gender, and each category is separately trained to obtain a classifier.

The personal information may also include the origin of the object to be detected. According to the birthplace, the ethnic group to be tested can be known. Because of the physiological differences between different races, different classifiers can be trained for different races. For example, humans can be divided into Europa, Mongolian, Negros and Australians, and four classifiers are trained separately.

Personal information is not limited to the above examples. For example, the personal information may also be a medical insurance card (or similar document) of the object to be detected. In this case, the input device 106 can include an image capture device for acquiring an image of the medical insurance card. The image based on the medical insurance card can be analyzed to obtain information such as age, gender, and place of origin of the object to be detected, and then the corresponding classifier can be selected based on the analyzed information.

A more targeted and valuable classifier can be obtained by subdividing humans into different categories and training a dedicated classifier for each category, thereby obtaining better detection results during the application of device 100.

Although the example embodiments have been described herein with reference to the drawings, it is understood that the foregoing exemplary embodiments are only illustrative, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. A person skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. All these changes and repairs It is intended to be included within the scope of the invention as claimed.

Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that the elements and algorithm steps of the various examples described in connection with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the solution. A person skilled in the art can use different methods for implementing the described functions for each particular application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of the present invention.

In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that the embodiments of the invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of the description.

Similarly, the various features of the present invention are sometimes grouped together into a single embodiment, figure, in the description of exemplary embodiments of the invention, in the description of the exemplary embodiments of the invention. Or in the description of it. However, the method of the present invention should not be construed as reflecting the intention that the claimed invention requires more features than those specifically recited in the appended claims. Rather, as the invention is reflected by the appended claims, it is claimed that the technical problems can be solved with fewer features than all of the features of a single disclosed embodiment. Therefore, the claims following the specific embodiments are hereby explicitly incorporated into the embodiments, and each of the claims as a separate embodiment of the invention.

It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all features disclosed in the specification, including the accompanying claims, the abstract and the drawings, and all methods or devices so disclosed, may be employed in any combination, unless the features are mutually exclusive. Process or unit combination. Each feature disclosed in this specification (including the accompanying claims, the abstract and the drawings) may be replaced by alternative features that provide the same, equivalent or similar purpose.

In addition, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features that are included in other embodiments and not in other features, combinations of features of different embodiments are intended to be within the scope of the present invention. Different embodiments are formed and formed. For example, in the claims, any one of the claimed embodiments can be used in any combination.

It is to be noted that the above-described embodiments are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to be limiting, and that the invention may be devised without departing from the scope of the appended claims. In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as a limitation. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of the elements or steps that are not recited in the claims. The word "a" or "an" The invention can be used This is achieved by hardware comprising several distinct components and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means can be embodied by the same hardware item. The use of the words first, second, and third does not indicate any order. These words can be interpreted as names. For example, the "first supine event", "first standing event" and "second lying event" and "first lying period parameter", "first standing period parameter" and "second level" described herein. The "first" and "second" in the "parameter parameters" have no special meaning such as order, and only serve to distinguish or identify.

The above is only the specific embodiment of the present invention or the description of the specific embodiments, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention. Any changes or substitutions are contemplated as being within the scope of the invention. The scope of the invention should be determined by the scope of the claims.

Claims

An apparatus for detecting orthostatic hypotension, comprising an input device, a memory, a processor, and an output device, wherein

The input device is configured to receive time information related to an occurrence time of at least one supine event of the object to be detected and an occurrence time of the at least one standing event of the object to be detected, wherein the supine event of the object to be detected Alternating with standing events;

The memory is used to store a program;

The processor is configured to run the program, wherein the program is executed in the processor to perform the following steps:

Obtaining an initial parameter of the object to be detected, where the initial parameter includes a blood flow characteristic parameter of the object to be detected during an entire detection period of the object to be detected;

Determining, according to the initial parameter and the time information, a background parameter of the object to be detected when each of the at least one supine event occurs, and the object to be detected is at the at least one a standing period parameter at the occurrence of each standing event in the standing event;

Using the trained classifier to analyze all the lying period parameters and all standing period parameters of the object to be detected to determine the possibility that the object to be detected has orthostatic hypotension;

The output device is configured to output feedback information regarding a possibility that the object to be detected has orthostatic hypotension.
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the initial parameter further comprises systolic and diastolic pressures at which each of the at least one supine event of the subject to be detected occurs and at least Systolic and diastolic blood pressure at the onset of each standing event in a standing event.
The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said input means is further for receiving systolic blood pressure and diastolic pressure at the time of occurrence of each of said at least one supine event in said object to be detected and User input information for systolic and diastolic pressure at the occurrence of each of the at least one standing event.
The apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said apparatus further comprises blood pressure measuring means for measuring systolic blood pressure and relaxation of said object to be detected at the occurrence of each of said at least one supine event Systolic pressure and systolic and diastolic pressure at the onset of each of the at least one standing event.
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said apparatus further comprises an ultrasound probe and a pre-processing device,

The ultrasonic probe is configured to emit ultrasonic waves to the object to be detected, receive ultrasonic waves reflected by the object to be detected, and perform acoustic-electrical conversion on the ultrasonic waves reflected by the object to be detected to obtain an echo signal;

The pre-processing device is configured to perform pre-processing on the echo signal to obtain a Doppler signal of the object to be detected;

When the program is run in the processor, the initial parameters used to obtain the object to be detected are:

Blood flow parameter calculations are performed based on the Doppler signal throughout the detection period to obtain the blood flow characteristic parameters.
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said at least one supine event comprises a first lying event and a second lying event, said at least one standing event comprising a first standing event, said first lying event The first standing event and the second lying event occur in sequence.
The apparatus of claim 6, wherein the time information comprises first flat information for indicating a first time of the first lying event, and second time for indicating the first standing event Standing information and second level information for indicating a third time of the second lying event;

Determining, when the program is running in the processor, determining, according to the initial parameter and the time information, that each of the at-be-detected objects in the at least one supine event occurs The steps of the lying period and the standing period parameter of the object to be detected when each standing event in the at least one standing event occurs include:

Determining, according to the initial parameter and the first flat information, a parameter value of the object to be detected at the first time, and determining a first lying period according to the parameter value at the first time a parameter, wherein the first lying period parameter is a lying period parameter of the object to be detected when the first lying event occurs;

Determining, according to the initial parameter and the standing information, a parameter value of the object to be detected at the second time, and determining a first standing period parameter according to the parameter value at the second time, where The first standing period parameter is a standing period parameter of the object to be detected when the first standing event occurs;

Determining, according to the initial parameter and the second flat information, a parameter value of the object to be detected at the third time, and determining a second lying period according to the parameter value at the third time a parameter, wherein the second lying period parameter is that the object to be detected occurs in the second lying event The lying period parameters.
The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said first time is a set of time points including at least one of said first lying events, said second time being said said first standing A set of time points of at least one time point during the occurrence of the event, the third time being a set of time points including at least one time point in the occurrence of the second lying event.
The device according to claim 7, wherein said first time is a time period during which said first lying event occurs, and said second time is a time period during which said first standing event occurs, The third time is a time period during which the second lying event occurs.
The apparatus according to claim 7, wherein

The input device is further configured to receive standing start information for indicating the start of the first standing event and supine start information for indicating the start of the second lying event;

The output device is further configured to output the standing start information and the lying start information for viewing by a user.
The apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said time information includes standing start information for instructing start of said first standing event and lying start information for instructing start of said second lying event,

Determining, when the program is running in the processor, determining, according to the initial parameter and the time information, that each of the at-be-detected objects in the at least one supine event occurs The steps of the lying period and the standing period parameter of the object to be detected when each standing event in the at least one standing event occurs include:

Determining, according to the initial parameter and a start time of the entire detection period, a first lying period parameter of the object to be detected during a first duration of the first lying event, wherein the first level The lying parameter is a lying period parameter of the object to be detected when the first lying event occurs;

Determining, according to the initial parameter and the standing start information, a first standing period parameter of the object to be detected during a second duration of the first standing event, wherein the first standing period parameter is the a standing period parameter of the object to be detected when the first standing event occurs;

Determining, according to the initial parameter and the supine start information, a second lying period parameter of the object to be detected during a third duration of the second lying event, wherein the second lying period The parameter is a lying period parameter of the object to be detected when the second lying event occurs.
The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein a time interval between a start time of said first duration and a start time of said entire detection period is preset, and said second duration is opened The time interval between the start time and the start time of the first standing event is preset, and the time interval between the start time of the third duration and the start time of the second lying event is Set up.
The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein, when said program is run in said processor, said at least one of said initial parameter and said start time of said entire detection period is used to determine said object to be detected The steps of the first lying period parameter during the first duration of the first lying event include:

Monitoring a rate of change of cerebral blood flow of the object to be detected during the occurrence of the first lying event;

Determining the first transition moment if the cerebral blood flow rate of change transitions from being outside the preset range to being within the predetermined range after the first leveling event begins Any one of the times is the start time of the first duration, determining that the start time of the first standing event is the end time of the first duration, and searching for the initial parameter in the first duration Averaged to obtain the first lying period parameter;

The start time of the first lying event is the start time of the entire detection period, and the start time of the first standing event is determined based on the standing start information.
The apparatus of claim 13 wherein

Determining, during execution of the program in the processor, the first duration of the first lying event of the object to be detected based on at least the initial parameter and a start time of the entire detection period The steps of the first lying period parameter within the method include:

If the rate of change of cerebral blood flow is always outside the preset range during the occurrence of the first supine event, or if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow is after the start of the first supine event The second transition time transitions from being outside the preset range to being within the preset range, and a time interval between the second transition moment and a start time of the first standing event is less than a preset time interval And generating a first prompt information, the first prompt information is used to prompt the user to manually input the first horizontal continuous information for indicating the first duration;

Determining the first lying period parameter according to the initial parameter and the first lying continuous information;

The output device is further configured to output the first prompt information for viewing by the user;

The input device is further configured to receive the first lying continuous information.
The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said program, when said processor is running, determines at least said object to be detected at said first based on said initial parameter and said standing start information The steps of the first standing period parameter for the second duration of the standing event include:

Monitoring a rate of change of cerebral blood flow of the object to be detected during the occurrence of the first standing event;

Determining the cerebral blood flow rate after the first standing event begins to transition from being outside the preset range to being within the predetermined range at the third transition time, determining the third transition time Determining, at any time, the start time of the second duration, determining a start time of the second lying event as an end time of the second duration, and seeking the initial parameter in the second duration Averaged to obtain the first standing period parameter;

The start time of the first standing event is determined based on the standing start information, and the start time of the second lying event is determined based on the lying start information.
The apparatus of claim 15 wherein

Determining, at least in accordance with the initial parameter and the standing start information, the first of the second duration of the first standing event when the program is executed in the processor The steps of the standing period parameters include:

If the rate of change of cerebral blood flow is always outside the preset range during the occurrence of the first standing event, or if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow is in the fourth transition after the start of the first standing event a time transition from being outside the preset range to being within the preset range, and a time interval between the fourth transition time and a start time of the second lying event is less than a preset time interval, And generating second prompt information, the second prompt information is used to prompt the user to manually input the standing duration information for indicating the second duration;

Determining the first standing period parameter according to the initial parameter and the standing duration information;

The output device is further configured to output the second prompt information for viewing by the user;

The input device is further configured to receive the standing duration information.
The apparatus according to claim 11, wherein said program is executed in said processor, said at least said determining said object to be detected based on said initial parameter and said horizontal lying start information The steps of the second lying period parameter during the third duration of the second lying event include:

Monitoring a rate of change of cerebral blood flow of the object to be detected during the occurrence of the second lying event;

Determining the fifth transition time after the cerebral blood flow change rate transitions from being outside the preset range to being within the preset range after the start of the second lying event Any one of the times is the start time of the third duration, determining that the end time of the entire detection period is the end time of the third duration, and averaging the initial parameters of the third duration Obtaining the second lying period parameter;

The start time of the second lying event is determined based on the lying start information.
The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein

Determining, at least in accordance with the initial parameter and the supine start information, that the object to be detected is within a third duration of the second lying event when the program is run in the processor The steps of the second lying period parameter include:

If the rate of change of cerebral blood flow is always outside the preset range during the occurrence of the second lying event, or if the rate of change of cerebral blood flow is after the start of the second lying event a transition time from outside the preset range to being within the preset range, and a time interval between the sixth transition time and an end time of the entire detection period is less than a preset time interval, And generating a third prompt information, the third prompt information is used to prompt the user to manually input the second horizontal continuous information for indicating the third duration;

Determining the second lying period parameter according to the initial parameter and the second lying continuous information;

The output device is further configured to output the third prompt information for viewing by the user;

The input device is further configured to receive the second lying continuous information.
The apparatus according to claim 17, wherein said output means is a display means,

The program is also used to perform the following steps when running in the processor:

Generating a blood flow trend map according to the blood flow characteristic parameter of the object to be detected during the entire detection period;

The output device is further configured to display the blood flow trend graph.
The apparatus according to claim 19, wherein in said blood flow trend diagram, two different ordinate axes are used to represent two different blood flow characteristics of said object to be detected in the same coordinate system parameter.
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein

The input device is further configured to receive positive time information related to an occurrence time of at least one lying event of the positive sample object having orthostatic hypotension and an occurrence time of the at least one standing event of the positive sample object, and receive and Time of occurrence of at least one supine event of a negative sample subject not having orthostatic hypotension and time associated with occurrence of at least one standing event of the negative sample subject, wherein the positive sample object is lying down And the standing event alternates, the supine event and the standing event of the negative sample object alternate;

The program is also used to perform the following steps when running in the processor:

Obtaining a positive initial parameter of the positive sample object and a negative initial parameter of the negative sample object, the positive initial parameter including a blood flow characteristic parameter of the positive sample object during an entire detection period of the positive sample object, The negative initial parameter includes the entire detection of the negative sample object in the negative sample object Blood flow characteristic parameters during the period;

Determining, according to the positive initial parameter and the positive time information, a lying period parameter and each positive sample when each of the at least one supine event of the positive sample object occurs a standing period parameter at which each of the standing events of the at least one standing event of the positive sample object occurs;

Determining, according to the negative initial parameter and the negative time information, a lying period parameter and a negative sample when each of the at least one supine event of the negative sample object occurs a standing period parameter at which each of the standing events of the at least one standing event of the negative sample object occurs;

The classifier model is trained using all of the lay-up parameters and all of the standing period parameters of the positive sample object and all of the lay-up parameters of the negative sample object and all of the standing period parameters to obtain the trained classifier.
The apparatus of claim 1 wherein said blood flow characteristic parameter comprises a callback event parameter associated with an occurrence of a callback event of cerebrovascular velocity.
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said blood flow characteristic parameters include maximum systolic flow rate, mean flow rate, end diastolic flow rate, pulsation index, resistance index, ratio of maximum systolic velocity to end-diastolic flow rate, heart rate, cardiac motion One or more of the parameters of the cycle, cerebral blood flow rate, mean middle cerebral artery flow rate, and the outcome of the callback event associated with the occurrence of a rebound event in the cerebrovascular velocity.
The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the input means is further configured to receive parameter indication information indicating a type of the blood flow characteristic parameter,

When the program is run in the processor, the step of acquiring the initial parameters of the object to be detected is performed:

Obtaining a blood flow characteristic parameter of the type indicated by the parameter indication information.
The device of claim 1, wherein the input device is further configured to receive personal information of the object to be detected,

The program is also used to perform the following steps when running in the processor:

A corresponding classifier is selected from the classifier database as the trained classifier based on the personal information.